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Himeji Castle, Hyōgo
Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Location: Hyōgo Prefecture Date: Original construction dates from 1333, but the current structure was built between 1580-1610 Patron: Toyotomi Hideyoshi and enlarged c 1610 by Ikeda Terumasa. Scale: 140m (east-west axis) x 125m (north-south axis). 91m above sea level. Stone wall of the main keep 15m high; the main keep is 31.5m high. There are 27 towers, 11 wells and 21 gates. Scope of work: WAR; Architecture beyond the European tradition. Materials: primarily wood and stone Style/Period: Renritsu/Azuchi–Momoyama Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 1164651 | www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk Himeji Castle, Hyōgo Introduction Japan’s most magnificent castle, a Unesco World Heritage Site and one of only a handful of original castles remaining. Nicknamed the ‘White Egret Castle’ for its spectacular white exterior and striking shape emerging from the plain. Himeji is a hill castle, that takes advantage of the surrounding geography to enhance its defensive qualities. There are three moats to obstruct the enemy and 15m sloping stone walls make approaching the base of the castle very difficult. Formal elements Viewed externally, there is a five-storey main tenshu (keep) and three smaller keeps, all surrounded by moats and defensive walls. These walls are punctuated with rectangular openings (‘sama’) for firing arrows and circular and triangular openings for guns. These ‘sama’ are at different heights to allow for the warrior to be standing, kneeling or lying down. The main keep’s walls also feature narrow openings that allowed defenders to pour boiling water or oil on to anyone trying to scale the walls. -
Geography & Climate
Web Japan http://web-japan.org/ GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE A country of diverse topography and climate characterized by peninsulas and inlets and Geography offshore islands (like the Goto archipelago and the islands of Tsushima and Iki, which are part of that prefecture). There are also A Pacific Island Country accidented areas of the coast with many Japan is an island country forming an arc in inlets and steep cliffs caused by the the Pacific Ocean to the east of the Asian submersion of part of the former coastline due continent. The land comprises four large to changes in the Earth’s crust. islands named (in decreasing order of size) A warm ocean current known as the Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, Kuroshio (or Japan Current) flows together with many smaller islands. The northeastward along the southern part of the Pacific Ocean lies to the east while the Sea of Japanese archipelago, and a branch of it, Japan and the East China Sea separate known as the Tsushima Current, flows into Japan from the Asian continent. the Sea of Japan along the west side of the In terms of latitude, Japan coincides country. From the north, a cold current known approximately with the Mediterranean Sea as the Oyashio (or Chishima Current) flows and with the city of Los Angeles in North south along Japan’s east coast, and a branch America. Paris and London have latitudes of it, called the Liman Current, enters the Sea somewhat to the north of the northern tip of of Japan from the north. The mixing of these Hokkaido. -
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, Then Rebuilt 1601-09, with Additional Fortifications 1617-19
Himeji Castle 1601-09 1333-46, then rebuilt 1601-09, with additional fortifications 1617-19 Key Facts: • In a nutshell: practical defensive castle offering complex systems of defence in depth • Site: Himeji, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan • Size: 31m high, 140m long, 125m wide, on a 45m natural hill. • Materials: stone podium; clay, sand and rice glue walls; tiled roof • UNESCO World Cultural and Heritage Site. 1. ART HISTORICAL TERMS AND CONCEPTS The castle at Himeji is an iconic image of Japan and one of the finest examples of fortress architecture in the world. It stands at the centre of Himeji city, a strategic point along the route to the western provinces of Honshu (the main island of Japan). The castle was built atop a natural 45-meter hill called Himeyama, and its main donjon (tower) rises an additional 31 meters including a 15 metre stone foundation. It is a highly efficient and practical military machine offering complex systems of defence in depth. www.arthistoryinschools.org.uk © 2018 Art History in Schools CIO | Registered Charity No. 116451 arthistoryinschools @ahischarity @arthistoryinschools Cruickshank writes “..as with so much essentially functional Japanese architecture, the hill-top fortress possesses a delicacy of detail, fineness of form, and picturesqueness of profile that, from a distance, makes it look more like a fairy-tale palace.”1 From afar, the graceful rooflines of its white towers resemble a flock of herons in flight, suggesting the castle's proper name—"Egret Castle" (Shirasagi). The castle was first completed in 1346 but when the Shogun Togukawa rose to power in 1600 following the battle of Sekigahara, he rewarded his son-in-law Ikeda Terumasa (1564-1613) with the fiefdom of Harima (modern-day Hyogo prefecture) and the castle was completely rebuilt and enlarged between 1601 and 1609. -
Investor Information 2016(4.7MB)
INVESTOR INFORMATION 2016 Connecting to the future Tokyo Broadcasting System Holdings, Inc. Consolidated Financial Highlights Net Sales Operating Income (Millions of Yen) (Millions of Yen) 354,338 346,538 352,351 347,817 348,539 17,179 16,188 15,696 15,728 12,162 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 Ordinary Income Prot Attributable to Owners of Parent (Millions of Yen) 22,678 (Millions of Yen) 18,915 14,497 18,096 17,671 12,811 11,671 14,313 9,173 9,644 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 Total Assets Total Net Assets (Millions of Yen) (Millions of Yen) 653,732 649,970 456,118 458,208 555,159 559,626 579,039 385,971 344,473 322,597 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 12/3 13/3 14/3 15/3 16/3 Contents 2 To Our Stakeholders 13 Major Indices 3 At a Glance 15 Segment Information 4 Organization 17 TBS Television 5 Corporate Data 20 Financial Data of Major Group Companies 6 Business Report 22 TBS Networks 9 Consolidated Financial Statements Financial Figures The nancial gures used in this report are those used in the Japanese ”Tanshin,” which has been created in accordance with the provisions set forth in the Japanese Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. Thus, all gures have been rounded down to the nearest million yen. Forward-Looking Statements This report contains forward-looking statements based on management’s assumptions and beliefs in light of the information currently available. -
Shaping Tokyo: Land Development and Planning Practice in the Early Modern Japanese Metropolis Carola Hein Bryn Mawr College, [email protected]
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Growth and Structure of Cities Faculty Research Growth and Structure of Cities and Scholarship 2010 Shaping Tokyo: Land Development and Planning Practice in the Early Modern Japanese Metropolis Carola Hein Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/cities_pubs Part of the Architecture Commons, History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the Urban Studies and Planning Commons Custom Citation Hein, Carola. "Shaping Tokyo: Land Development and Planning Practice in the Early Modern Japanese Metropolis." Journal of Urban History 36, no. 4 (2010): 447-484. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/cities_pubs/20 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Shaping Tokyo: Land Development and Planning Practice in the Early Modern Japanese Metropolis Carola Hein Manuscript submitted to the Journal of Urban History in August 2007, revised and resubmitted March 2008. When German architect Bruno Taut drove in 1936 along the major road linking Tokyo and Yokohama, he criticized the inadequacy and superficiality of the modernizing Japanese built landscape. He later wrote about his revulsion: "I in particular had heard so much about Tokyo that I had no desire to see the city on the spot. […] In passing through the Inland Sea we had absorbed scenery of such rare beauty, had found so little of vulgar trash 1 in such buildings as could be glimpsed, that we could hardly take in the crabbed pretentiousness, the ludicrous would-be modernity of the tin façades that confronted us, could not fathom the loud hideousness of this confusion of architectural styles. -
International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure Development Plan For
兵庫県 Hyogo Prefecture International Recovery Forum 2020 Infrastructure development plan for tsunami risk reduction – Measures to prevent and reduce disasters in preparation for huge tsunamis – TADA Shinya Director Technology Planning Division Public Works & Development Department Hyogo Prefectural Government Nankai Trough earthquake Land side plate Pacific The Nankai Trough is a long and Plate Trench Ogasawara Izu narrow submarine basin formed - Nankai Trough Sagami by the subduction of the Trough Philippine Philippine Sea Plate under the Sea Plate Eurasian Plate. Around the Nankai Trough, huge earthquakes and tsunamis occur about every 100 years, causing severe damage. 慶長地震Keicho Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9)::1605 1605年 発生間隔Recurrence 102interval:年 102 years Classification Earthquake probability 宝永地震Hoei Earthquake(M8.6) (M8.6):: 17071707 年 of earthquakes 5,049 fatalities (Size of next Within Within Within (死者 5,049 人) earthquake) 10 years 30 years 50 years 発Recurrence生間隔 147interval:年 147 years Nankai About 安政南海地震Ansei Nankai Earthquake(M8.4) (M8.4)::1854 1854年 About About Trough 90% or (死者2,658 2,658fatalities人) 30% 発生間隔Recurrence interval:92 年 92 years M8–M9 70–80% higher 昭和南海地震Showa Nankai Earthquake(M8.0) (M8.0)::1946 1946年 東南海地震Tonankai Earthquake(M7.9) (M7.9): Based on estimates by the Headquarters for Earthquake (死者1,330 fatalities1,330 人) 73 years 73 年経過 :19441944 年(死者 1,251 人) Research Promotion of Japan (Jan. 2019) have passed 1,251 fatalities 現在:At present:201 20199 年 2 Largest tsunamis caused by Nankai Himeji Nishinomiya 3 Seto -
Transport Information Guide Swimming(Artistic Swimming
Transport Information Guide Sport & Discipline Venue Hyogo Pref. Amagasaki Sports Amagasaki City Forest 43 Ogimachi, Amagasaki City, Hyogo Swimming https://www.a-spo.com/ (Artistic Swimming) ■Recommended route to the venue From Osaka Station (Center Village) to the venue ( OP Original Kansai One Pass usable section WP Original JR Kansai Wide Area Pass usable section) Osaka Tachibana Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kobe Line Train JR Osaka Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 11min. for Sannomiya, Nishi-Akashi,Himeji Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Osaka-Umeda Amagasaki Suehirocho Venue Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Hanshin Main Line Train Electric Osaka-Umeda Sta. OP 15min. Railway Pool-Mae Sta. for Kobe-Sannomiya, Akashi Public Hanshin Amagasaki Center- Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 10min. bus Bus Pool-Mae Sta. Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. From Masters Village Hyogo to the venue Masters Village Hyogo: in Duo Kobe “Duo Dome” ※1 minute walk from JR Kobe Station Kobe Tachibana Duo Dome Suehirocho Venue Sta. Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Walking Masters Village Kobe Sta. 1min. Kobe Line Train JR Kobe Sta. Tachibana Sta. OP WP 29min. for Sannomiya, Amagasaki,Osaka Public Hanshin Tachibana Sta. Suehirocho OP Amagasaki City Line, Route 60 22min. Bus Bus Walking Suehirocho Venue 9min. Amagasaki Kosoku-Kobe Suehirocho Venue Duo Dome Sta. Center-Pool-Mae Sta. Traffic Mode Line Depart Arrive Route Time pass Kosoku-Kobe Walking Masters Village 5min. -
This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan William W
Yale University EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale CEAS Occasional Publication Series Council on East Asian Studies 2007 This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan William W. Kelly Yale University Atsuo Sugimoto Kyoto University Follow this and additional works at: http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ceas_publication_series Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, Cultural History Commons, Japanese Studies Commons, Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons, and the Sports Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kelly, William W. and Sugimoto, Atsuo, "This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan" (2007). CEAS Occasional Publication Series. Book 1. http://elischolar.library.yale.edu/ceas_publication_series/1 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Council on East Asian Studies at EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. It has been accepted for inclusion in CEAS Occasional Publication Series by an authorized administrator of EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This Sporting Life Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan j u % g b Edited by William W. KELLY With SUGIMOTO Atsuo YALE CEAS OCCASIONAL PUBLICATIONS VOLUME 1 This Sporting Life Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan yale ceas occasional publications volume 1 © 2007 Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permis- sion. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. -
World Bank Document
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE ' . • INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 1818 H STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON 251 0. C. TELEP='::l(?l"L~: EXECUTIVE 3-6360 Public Disclosure Authorized Press Release No. 723 SUBJECT: $40 million loan for November 29, 1961 Japanese Expressway The World Bank today made a loan equivalent to $40 million to assist in financing completion of the express highway being built between Kobe and Nagoya in Japan. The :Expressway will I'\;,·lieve increasingly severe traffic congestion in one of Japan's most highly industrialized regions, stimulate the dispersion of Public Disclosure Authorized industry and population out of over-crowded cities, widen the effective area of food supply for urban communities, and substantially reduce the operating cost of highway freight and passenger traffic. A Bank loan of $40 million was made • in March 196o for a 45-mile section of the Expressway and today's loan will be used to complete the Expressway over its entire planned length of 115 miles,. Five commercial banks are participating in the loan, without the World Bank's Public Disclosure Authorized bfua.rantee, f'or a total amount of $'!.,183,000, representing the first two maturi ties and. pa.rt of the third maturity which fall due bet1reen January 15, 1965 and January 15, 1966. The participating banks a.re the New York Agency of The Toronto-Dominion Bank, The National Shawmut Bank of Boston, First Wisconsin National Bank of Milwaukee, Fidelity-Philadelphia Trust Company and Bayerisc;he Hypotheken-und Wt~.dh!:1e-i~13ook,. •M:uniclh. The loan was made to the Nihon Doro Kocian ( Japan H,.ghway Public Corporation), I a government corporation responsible for the construction, operation and main Public Disclosure Authorized tenance of toll roads and related,facilities in Japan. -
Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Long Diagnostic Delay with Unknown Transmission Route Inversely Correlates with the Subsequent Doubling Time of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Japan, February–March 2020 Tsuyoshi Ogata 1,* and Hideo Tanaka 2 1 Tsuchiura Public Health Center of Ibaraki Prefectural Government, Tsuchiura 300-0812, Japan 2 Fujiidera Public Health Center of Osaka Prefectural Government, Fujiidera 583-0024, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Long diagnostic delays (LDDs) may decrease the effectiveness of patient isolation in reducing subsequent transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aims to investigate the correlation between the proportion of LDD of COVID-19 patients with unknown transmission routes and the subsequent doubling time. LDD was defined as the duration between COVID-19 symptom onset and confirmation ≥6 days. We investigated the geographic correlation between the LDD proportion among 369 confirmed COVID-19 patients with symptom onset between the 9th and 11th week and the subsequent doubling time for 717 patients in the 12th–13th week among the six prefectures. The doubling time on March 29 (the end of the 13th week) ranged from 4.67 days in Chiba to 22.2 days in Aichi. Using a Pearson’s product-moment correlation (p-value = 0.00182) and multiple regression analyses that were adjusted for sex and age (correlation coefficient −0.729, 95% confidence interval: −0.923–−0.535, p-value = 0.0179), the proportion of LDD for unknown Citation: Ogata, T.; Tanaka, H. Long exposure patients was correlated inversely with the base 10 logarithm of the subsequent doubling Diagnostic Delay with Unknown time. -
The Durability of the Bakuhan Taisei Is Stunning
Tokugawa Yoshimune versus Tokugawa Muneharu: Rival Visions of Benevolent Rule by Tim Ervin Cooper III A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Mary Elizabeth Berry, Chair Professor Irwin Scheiner Professor Susan Matisoff Fall 2010 Abstract Tokugawa Yoshimune versus Tokugawa Muneharu: Rival Visions of Benevolent Rule by Tim Ervin Cooper III Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Mary Elizabeth Berry, Chair This dissertation examines the political rivalry between the eighth Tokugawa shogun, Yoshimune (1684‐1751, r. 1716‐45), and his cousin, the daimyo lord of Owari domain, Tokugawa Muneharu (1696‐1764, r. 1730‐39). For nearly a decade, Muneharu ruled Owari domain in a manner that directly contravened the policies and edicts of his cousin, the shogun. Muneharu ignored admonishments of his behavior, and he openly criticized the shogun’s Kyōhō era (1716‐36) reforms for the hardship that they brought people throughout Japan. Muneharu’s flamboyance and visibility transgressed traditional status boundaries between rulers and their subjects, and his lenient economic and social policies allowed commoners to enjoy the pleasures and profits of Nagoya entertainment districts that were expanding in response to the Owari lord’s personal fondness for the floating world. Ultimately, Muneharu’s fiscal extravagance and moral lenience—benevolent rule (jinsei), as he defined it—bankrupted domain coffers and led to his removal from office by Yoshimune. Although Muneharu’s challenge to Yoshimune’s political authority ended in failure, it nevertheless reveals the important role that competing notions of benevolence (jin) were coming to play in the rhetoric of Tokugawa rulership. -
Graduation Thesis
Graduation Thesis Bachelor’s Degree ”Metcha suki ya nen” A sociolinguistic attitude survey concerning the Kansai dialect Author: Susanne Södergren Supervisor: Mariya Niendorf Moderator: Herbert Jonsson Högskolan Dalarna Subject: Japanese linguistics Course code: JP2009 791 88 Falun Credits: 15 Sweden Date of defense: 2014-06-04 Tel 023-77 80 00 Abstract: 西日本にある関西弁はたくさん色々な形で標準語と異なる。関西弁は1970年代の後に、全 国で人気を得た。この社会言語学の研究の目的は現在の関西弁に対する感情を調査することで ある。これは関西弁の話し手ではなくて日本語の母語話者に配ったアンケートで調査された。質 的また量的な分析である。結果は一般的に関西弁に好意的であったが、人気がある理由もいろ いろあり、それらをさぐるために歴史的なそして文化的な見方を通して議論する。 Keywords: Japanese, Sociolinguistics, Language attitudes, Dialects, Dialectology, Kansai dialect, Questionnaire survey i Table of Contents Abstract:................................................................................................................................................i Conventions.........................................................................................................................................iii Preface.................................................................................................................................................iv Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 Method..................................................................................................................................................3 Method and theory of choice...........................................................................................................4