PEACE Info (July 17, 2020)

− Ethnic groups in want Panglong accord enforced − KIO Launches Murder Investigation Into Slaying Of Family − Tatmadaw investigates killing of villager in − Myanmar Military Claims its Investigators Attacked in Shan State − Govt Needs To Help IDPs Struggling During Pandemic − Myanmar Military Chief Affirms Support for ’s BRI Projects − Will Outlawing of Polling Stations on Military Bases Change Myanmar’s Electoral Landscape? − A day in a life of a woman opium poppy farmer in Myanmar − �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ရ��မ� ဖ���စည��ပ�ံ�ပင�ဆင��ရ� ပ��လ�ပ����င�မည�ဟ� ကခ�င� ဝန��က��ခ��ပ���ပ� − �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အတ�က� ပ���ပ�င�����င�မည�� အ��ခအ�န က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ���င�� တ��တ�သံအမတ��ဆ������ − ကမ ���ပ�တ�င� တ��တ�တပ�မ�တ���န�သဝဏ�လ�� အ�စ�ဆ�ံ��ပ�ခ��သ� �မန�မ�က�ခ��ပ��ဖစ�ဟ� တ��တ�ခ���က��� − COVID- 19 က�လ KNU ထ�န��ခ��ပ�နယ���မ အ��ခအ�နန�� ပတ�သက�၍ EHC အ�ထ��ထ� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� ပဒ��မန��မန����င�� အင�တ�ဗ��� (ပထမအပ��င��) − နမ�တ�က အမ����သမ�� အဓမ�က�င��ခံရမ� RCSS အဖ���က�� စစ��ဆ�ရန� �တ�င��ဆ�� − �က��က�မ� အရပ�သ�� ထ�ခ��က��သဆ�ံ�တ���ဖစ�ရပ� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�မ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�ဖ��� �ဒသခံ�တ�လ��လ�� − �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င��တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မည�က�� စ���ရ�မ�သ�ဖင�� �ဒသခံမ��� စစ��ရ��င��နရ − အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� AA �ခ�င���ဆ�င�၏ ည�မ�ဖစ�သ���င�� �ယ�က�ဖ�ဖစ�သ�တ��� အမ�တ�င� လ�မည����ံ�ခ��န��၌ စ��ခ�က�တင�သင�� မသင�� အမ�န��ခ�မည� − တ��က�ပ���ဒသက က�လ�သ�ငယ��တ� ထ�ခ��က�မ� တ��င��က�����င�တ��ဌ�နဖ�င��ဖ��� အစ���ရစ�စ�� − ရ�သ��တ�င�မ�� လက�နက��က��က�ည���က�င�� အရပ�သ��သ�ံ�ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ − ရ�သ��တ�င��ဒသတဝ��က� တပ�မ�တ��က စစ�ဆင��ရ� အ�ပင��အထန�လ�ပ��န − ရခ��င�စစ�ဆင��ရ���က�င�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ� တ���လ�မ�� လ�ပ�ရ���သ��တ� စ���ရ�မ� − �ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�တ�လပ�မ�တဖ��� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� အ�မခံ

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Ethnic groups in Myanmar want Panglong accord enforced Khin Su Wai | 17 JUL 2020 A coalition of ethnic political parties across the country pledged to support any organisation that will back enforcement of the 1947 Panglong Agreement, which included full autonomy for ethnic groups.

U Myo Kyaw, a member of the secretariat of the United Nationalities Alliance, said the alliance will vote as a bloc in the formation of the new government after the November 8 elections.

"We were established as a democratic force,” he said. “To elect a president depends on the results of the election. “If there is a requirement for a coalition government, we will negotiate as a single bloc based on policies that we are pursuing. A member of the alliance will not join in electing the president as an individual party. We will cast all our votes as a single united one."

The goals of the alliance are the establishment of a Union federation that guarantees equality of national races, self-determination and democracy.

U Myo Kyaw said Myanmar was born of the 1947 Panglong Agreement, which brought together the country’s many ethnic races.

“As the government failed to implement the Panglong’s guarantee of independence, armed conflicts started, stunting the growth of the country. We will cooperate with any organisation that shares and holds this policy,” he said.

U Soe Naing Than, an executive of the alliance, said the organisation has yet to discuss its strategy and tactics for the elections.

“We don’t know yet how many constituencies our parties will contest,” he said. “We decided that member parties won’t compete in places where one of our allies has strong support, and all will support it,” he said.

U Soe Naing Than said that in 2015 only Rakhine and Shan states won seats in parliament.

“In Rakhine, despite the Union Election Commission announcement, we don’t believe the election will take place because of the fighting. It is a challenge,” he said.

The alliance recently urged the government to ensure that all measures are taken to ensure that displaced people, victims of COVID-19 and returning migrant workers, are able to vote.

It urged legislators to visit conflict areas and armed groups to stop fighting during the election so that people can vote freely.

The UNA was formed after the 1990 elections and is considered one of the most influential and experienced political alliances in the country.

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Its members include the Arakan League for Democracy Party, Mon National Party, Zomi Congress for Democracy, Chin National League for Democracy Party, Shan State Kokang Democratic Party, Kayan National Party, Kachin National Congress for Democracy, Karen National Party, Union Danu League for Democracy Party, Arakan Patriotic Party, Khumi National Party, Mro National Democracy Party, Shan-ni (Tai Laeng) and Northern Shan Ethnics Solidarity Party, and United Nationalities Democracy Party. – Translated

https://www.mmtimes.com/news/ethnic-groups-myanmar-want-panglong-accord- enforced.html ------

KIO Launches Murder Investigation Into Slaying Of Family By Network Media Group | Friday, July 17, 2020

A murder investigation has been launched in an area controlled by Kachin Independence Organisation (KIO) in Kachin State, Burma.

Col Naw Bu, in charge of KIO’s information department, said three suspects have already been arrested for the five murders, which were committed simultaneously in early July in Bhamo District. The case, which is still under investigation, was referred to the district court.

The victims, all members of the same family, were murdered on July 2 at their home in Gaidaw village, Mansi Township.

Naw Bu told NMG that their slayings may have been linked to a land dispute, according to an initial investigation.

The suspects were arrested on July 4.

The highest penalty for murder, under the KIO’s legal system, is a death sentence, Naw Bu says. “We have legal procedures, and that depends on the case. There are two ways in which a decision can be made. The first is the decision of the KIO’s legal court. The second is determined by a traditional system.”

Once the district court has finished, KIO’s central court will re-investigate the case and issue the final verdict.

The victims are Lan Zane Tangun, Sunlut Htu Nan (spouse), Maung Lan Zane San Li Naw (son), Maung Lan Zane Doi San Awng and Yan Htu.

A thirteen-year-old member of the family managed to survive the attack and is being cared for by KIO officials.

http://www.nmg-news.com/2020/07/17/11477 Page 3 of 37

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Tatmadaw investigates killing of villager in Shan State Sai Wunna | 17 Jul 2020 A committee of police and military officers will investigate allegations that government troops killed a villager and injured two others during a clash with an ethnic armed group last month in Shan State, a Tatmadaw (military) spokesperson said on July 16. Brigadier General Zaw Min Tun said the committee is comprised of policemen and led by a senior Tatmadaw officer. The killing is alleged to have happened on June 29 when Tatmadaw troops clashed with Restoration Council of Shan State fighters at Pan Kyin village in . During the fighting a villager identified as U Ike Su was killed and two others, identified as U Maung Kay and Daw Par Saig Yone, were injured. "The villagers accused the Tatmadaw of starting the battle. We investigate to find out the truth," Brig Gen Zaw Min Tun said. He said the Tatmadaw does not tolerate human rights abuses or war crimes by its soldiers, and those who commit such crimes must be punished. Thousands of villagers have protested in Kyaukme to denounce the Tatmadaw, according to U Sai Kuu, who is one of the protesters. "We have eyewitnesses who said the villagers were attacked by the Tatmadaw," he said. The fighting continued in Kyaukme when the committee visited Pan Kyin to investigate the killing on July 14 and 15, according to the Tatmadaw. https://www.mmtimes.com/news/tatmadaw-investigates-killing-villager-shan-state.html ------

Myanmar Military Claims its Investigators Attacked in Shan State By Nan Lwin Hnin Pwint | 17 July 2020 Military parade to mark Shan National Day in , RCSS headquarters. / Kyaw Kha / The Irrawaddy

Yangon — Myanmar’s military says Restoration Council of Shan State (RCSS) troops opened fire five times on military investigators studying the death of a civilian in Kyaukme Township in northern Shan State.

The investigation team came to Kyaukme in response to allegations by residents that Myanmar’s military killed a civilian and injured two others in Pan Kin Village during fighting with the RCSS on June 29. On July 10, Kyaukme residents staged a protest against the shooting, calling for justice to be served. Page 4 of 37

“There was a protest. And there were allegations of a killing. But why did [the RCSS] carry out surprise attacks on the investigation team which went to the scene to find the truth? They attacked because they are dishonest,” said Brigadier General Zaw Min Tun of the military-run Tatmadaw True News Information Team.

The Office of the Commander-in-Chief of Defense Services said the investigation team consisted of police and was led by a senior military officer. The RCSS opened fire two times on Tuesday and three times on Wednesday to disrupt the investigation.

On Monday, 36 Shan civil society organizations released a joint statement calling on Myanmar’s military to hold the perpetrators accountable.

Four parliamentarians representing Kyaukme Township in the Shan State and Union parliaments filed complaints with the Myanmar National Human Rights Commission, the President’s Office and the National Reconciliation and Peace Center, asking them to investigate the killing.

More than 10,000 residents also took part in a protest march against the alleged military killing.

The Irrawaddy was unable to contact the RCSS. Tai Freedom, a media outlet run by the RCSS, said the military and the RCSS engaged in fighting near Kone Nyaung Village in Kyaukme Township on Tuesday. It did not respond to military allegations that RCSS troops opened fire on the investigation team.

The team arrived in Kyaukme on Monday, said Shan State lawmaker U Sai Tun Win of Kyaukme Township. Villagers along the road claimed that troops fired warning shots along the road to Pan Kin while escorting the investigators.

“We don’t know which side shot first as we did not witness it. Most villagers have fled. The investigation team is now in Pan Kin Village,” said U Sai Tun Win.

Since renewed clashes broke out with the RCSS on June 27, over 700 civilians from more than 10 villages in Kyaukme Township have fled their homes for monasteries and camps.

The Tatmadaw (military) refused the parliamentarians’ request that the investigation be carried out in the presence of lawmakers and the media, said U Sai Tun Win.

“We went [to meet the investigation team]. We said we would listen to their investigation as the representatives of the people. But if we are not allowed to do so, then we have no responsibility. It is up to them and we have nothing to do with it,” he said.

There have been sporadic clashes with the RCSS although it signed the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) under the previous government in October 2015.

The NCA requires the signatories and military to resolve armed conflict through negotiations at the ceasefire joint monitoring committees (JMC). The military and RCSS, however, have not yet been able to resolve June’s clashes at the JMC.

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Translated from Burmese by Thet Ko Ko

https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-claims-investigators-attacked- shan-state.html ------

Govt Needs To Help IDPs Struggling During Pandemic By Network Media Group | Friday, July 17, 2020

A human rights group says the government needs to help internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Karen and Mon states struggling to survive amid lingering travel restrictions during a partially lifted lockdown imposed in April to prevent the spread of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Human Rights Foundation of Monland (HURFOM) report ‘Left Behind and Destitute’ on July 15 states the severity of the situation for IDPs living in remote locations controlled by ethnic armed organizations (EAOs) requires immediate emergency food support.

Nai Aw Mon, HURFOM program director, says the government must not forget about them. ”The impact of the pandemic has had a wide range of negative consequences for so many people,” he says. The report found many living in areas under control of EAOs, whose livelihoods were completely wiped out by the pandemic or the lockdown that followed, didn’t receive any emergency support from the government, leaving them without any food. To remedy this, the report recommended that the government support the efforts of civil society organizations (CSOs) already assisting internally displaced persons.

Nai San Oo, from Ye Town, told NMG they couldn’t work for months because of travel restrictions. “Even though some restrictions have been lifted, it is now the rainy season. We couldn’t work in the summer time to save food for the rainy season.”

Since April, IDPs were prevented from collecting wild vegetables from the jungle by the New Mon State Party (NMSP), Karen National Union (KNU) and the government.

The report compiled data based on interviews with IDPs, village leaders, CSOs, political parties, activists and volunteers in Mawlamyine, Kyaikmayaw, Mudon, Thanphyu Zayap, Ye townships in Mon State and Kyar Inseik Gyi township in Karen State.

http://www.nmg-news.com/2020/07/17/11475 ------

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Myanmar Military Chief Affirms Support for China’s BRI Projects By Nan Lwin | 17 July 2020 Myanmar military chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing and Chinese Ambassador Chen Hai meet in Naypyitaw on Thursday. / Chinese Embassy / Facebook

YANGON—Myanmar military chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing has assured China that the armed forces will continue to guarantee the implementation of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in the country, saying he believes it will support the peace process and national development.

During a meeting with Chinese Ambassador Chen Hai on Thursday, Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing said the Myanmar military (or Tatmadaw) supports the establishment of the BRI, China’s ambitious grand infrastructure plan, and the China-Myanmar Economic Corridor (CMEC) one of its local components, according to a press release from the Chinese Embassy.

In 2018, Myanmar agreed with China to establish the CMEC, which will stretch for 1,700 km, starting in China’s Yunnan Province and going through Myanmar’s major economic cities— Mandalay in central Myanmar and the commercial capital of Yangon—before reaching the Bay of Bengal coast at the Kyaukphyu Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Rakhine State.

Under the CMEC, Myanmar has also signed a framework agreement for the Kyaukphyu deep seaport, a planned hub for Chinese trade that would give direct access to the Indian Ocean and allow China’s oil imports to bypass the Strait of Malacca, between peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The CMEC also serves Beijing’s goal of developing landlocked Yunnan.

China is promoting the CMEC as a “Road for Peace and Road for Development” that would seek to strike a balance between revamping Myanmar’s economic engines and targeting poverty reduction. It says the resulting economic development would bring peace and stability along the corridor, particularly to Myanmar’s conflict-torn states.

Ambassador Hai said China is willing to push ahead with implementation of the three pillars of the project, the Kyaukphyu deep seaport, cross-border economic cooperation zones, and the New Yangon City project, and to promote Myanmar’s electricity, transportation and agriculture sectors.

These projects were branded the three pillars of the CMEC during Chinese President Xi Jinping’s trip to Myanmar early this year. Xi also called for both sides to deepen “result- oriented Belt and Road cooperation” and move from “the conceptual stage to concrete planning and implementation”.

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In a statement, the commander-in-chief said the two sides exchanged views on practical cooperation to ensure peace and stability in northern Myanmar, information and technology exchange, drug eradication, and cooperation in the media sector and between the two countries’ armed forces.

Hai said China would continue to support Myanmar’s peace process and its efforts to hold the Fourth Session of the 21st-Century Panglong Peace Conference. He also assured Myanmar that China would join with it to oppose foreign interference.

The upcoming 21st-Century Panglong Peace Conference is scheduled to be held in August to discuss the implementation of the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement, and further peace talks and discussions on the basic principles for forming a federal union are planned after November’s election.

Since 2017, China has been acting as an official peace broker between the military and the Northern Alliance, which comprises the Kachin Independence Army (KIA), the Ta’ang National Liberation Army (TNLA), the Arakan Army (AA) and the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA). The group is actively fighting government troops in northern Shan State, where many BRI backbone projects are planned, including the Muse- Mandalay Railway—the initial phase of the envisioned China-Myanmar Railway—and cross- border cooperation zones in Muse and .

Moreover, China has officially played a mediation role between Myanmar and Bangladesh since 2017. More than 700,000 Rohingya have fled Myanmar to neighboring Bangladesh since August 2017 to escape military operations the UN has called a “textbook example of ethnic cleansing.” The Myanmar military denies the allegations, insisting the crackdown was a response to coordinated attacks on security posts in Rakhine State by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army.

Despite allegations that the treatment of the Rohingya and the military’s operations amount to genocide and war crimes, Beijing has continued to offer strong support to Myanmar. Last year in April, Snr-Gen Min Aung Hlaing praised China as an “eternal friend” during a visit to Beijing and thanked it for countering international pressure on Myanmar over the Rohingya crisis.

In 2018, China voted against the UN Human Rights Council’s move to establish a body to investigate claims of genocide in Rakhine. China said at the time that the Rohingya issue should not be “complicated,” “expanded” or “internationalized,” saying instead that it is an issue between Myanmar and Bangladesh. https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-military-chief-affirms-support-chinas- bri-projects.html ------

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Will Outlawing of Polling Stations on Military Bases Change Myanmar’s Electoral Landscape? By San Yamin Aung | 17 July 2020 Troops march at the Myanmar Armed Forces Day Parade in March 2019. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

YANGON—For the first time, Myanmar’s military personnel and their family members will have to cast their votes at polling stations outside their military compounds when Myanmar goes to the polls on Nov. 8. Parliament’s abolition of military polling stations this year has raised hopes that military personnel will feel free to vote for the candidates of their choice.

There are over 1 million military-affiliated voters in Myanmar, including both the armed forces’ estimated 500,000 personnel and their relatives. Until 2018, they could vote only at polling stations inside military camps under the watchful eyes of their superiors. Myanmar has held three general elections in the past nearly six decades, in 1990, 2010 and 2015, and three by-elections, in 2012, 2017 and 2018.

At first glance, military voters casting ballots at a polling station in a military compound may not seem a big deal.

But in Myanmar, where the military (or Tatmadaw) has maintained a long and deep involvement in politics through successive proxy parties, the setting up of voting stations on military bases has serious implications. Suspicions have long been raised that voting by military personnel is rigged in favor of the proxy party. The number of military voters across the country is substantial enough that manipulating their ballots could affect the outcome of an election. Transparency is a major issue, as most of the polling stations on bases are off limits to election observers for “security reasons”.

Given these concerns, political parties, including the ruling National League for Democracy, objected to the existence of polling stations in cantonment areas ahead of previous elections. Action was taken in May, when the country’s Parliament passed amendments to electoral by-laws resulting in the abolition of military polling stations on the grounds that they do not comply with the standards of a free and fair election.

Voters queue at a polling station inside a military compound in Thabeikkyin Township, Mandalay Region. / Zaw Zaw / The Irrawaddy

“With military polling stations moving out, we can’t take it for granted that the NLD will win. But it gives military voters an opportunity to vote freely for the party they support,” NLD vice chairman Dr. Zaw Myint Maung told reporters on

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July 2, after the party’s Central Executive Committee meeting in Naypyitaw.

Former military officer U Kyaw Swa Win told The Irrawaddy that during a previous election he had witnessed cases of military voters being intimidated by their superiors to vote for the military’s current proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party (USDP), whose leadership includes former senior military officers.

The ex-major, who was jailed and expelled from the army in 2014 for signing an NLD- organized petition in support of reforms to the military-drafted Constitution, served as a vote-counting officer at a military polling station in 2010.

He recalled how any ballot on which the voter had not selected the USDP was deliberately invalidated at his polling station, helping pave the way for the party’s victory.

“If the box beside the USDP was unticked, they personally added one more mark with a pen to turn it to an invalid vote,” he said, admitting that the soldiers were following the order of a commanding officer. According to voting guidelines, a ballot on which more than one choice has been selected must be rejected.

“So we only had two kinds of ballot: those for the USDP, and invalid ones,” he said, adding that, “As there will be no military polling stations now, this problem shouldn’t occur.”

Unsurprisingly, the 2010 election, which was boycotted by the NLD and many ethnic parties, was widely viewed as flawed. The USDP won a landslide victory in that election, becoming the ruling party in early 2011.

Political analyst U Ye Tun, who is also a former Lower House lawmaker for the Shan Nationalities Democratic Party, said there had always been questions over whether military personnel and their family members were free to exercise their own judgment when casting ballots under the eyes of their commanders.

A soldier greets Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in 2012. The NLD won 43 of 45 constituencies it contested in that year’s by-elections. / Myo Min Soe / The Irrawaddy

Citing army colleagues, he said that in some cases in 2010 and 2015, military voters’ superiors simply cast ballots on their behalf.

Military voters in areas with a large Tatmadaw presence boosted the USDP’s results and in some places secured victory for the party.

In the 2015 general election, while the NLD won a landslide victory nationwide and secured enough seats to claim the presidency and form the government, the USDP won a majority of parliamentary seats in Shan State, which is home to large army troop deployments, even defeating the locally popular Shan Nationalities League for Democracy.

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USDP spokesperson Dr. Nanda Hla Myint, however, disputed the claims of irregularities, saying that whether polling stations are placed inside or outside of military barracks has nothing to do with the party’s performance at the polls.

He pointed out that in 2015 his party lost to the NLD in garrison towns like Pyin Oo Lwin in Mandalay Region and Mingaladon and Hmawbi townships in Yangon.

“It doesn’t matter whether polling stations are inside or outside military barracks. Those who like our party will vote for us and those who don’t, they won’t,” he told The Irrawaddy.

However, his comments did not convince Gumgrawng Awng Hkam, the vice chair of the Kachin State People’s Party (KSPP), which was recently created from a merger of smaller ethnic Kachin parties.

In the 2018 by-election, Aung Hkam ran for an Upper House seat representing the capital of Kachin State, Myitkyina, under the locally popular Kachin Development Party’s ticket. But he finished second, losing to the USDP candidate. He said it appeared that all advance votes from a military cantonment in the city voted for the USDP, swinging the result.

With polling stations having been removed from the barracks, he expected there would be changes among the military voters.

“In a democracy, military voters should cast their ballots outside, rather than in, their compounds. Only this can ensure their families’ freedom to vote [as they wish],” he said, adding that it is a democratic right to vote for the candidate of one’s choice.

“What has happened in Myanmar is, I have to say, an injustice, as the military has been able to channel its entire vote to one party,” said he.

Awng Hkam said placing voting stations inside restricted military camps does not comply with democratic standards. He added that individual members of the military must be able to vote independently for the candidate of their choice in order for an election to be considered free and fair.

NLD Central Information Unit Secretary Monywa Aung Shin said the party secured victory in the above-mentioned garrison towns thanks to voters who lived outside of military compounds. He said that since the 1990 election, the military-backed party—known as the National Unity Party at that time—had seen landslides at military cantonment polling stations, with other parties winning very few votes.

He also pointed to problems with military polling stations in the by-elections in 2017 and 2018, particularly in Kachin and Shan states and in the Sagaing Region township of Tamu. At military compounds in those places the NLD never won more than one vote—in some places it won none at all, he said.

In the 2017 by-election the USDP won a regional parliament seat in Township in Shan State, and in 2018 it won an Upper House Seat in Kachin State and a regional

Page 11 of 37 parliament seat in Tamu township of Sagaing Region. In those places, several polling stations were located inside military compounds.

“As the military voters will vote outside military barracks in the coming election, the NLD may win more votes,” political analyst U Ye Tun said.

Apart from military polling stations, advance voting is another concern.

Ex-major Kyaw Swa Win called on the election commission to develop clear procedures and regulations to ensure transparency in the advance voting process for the military.

Asian Network for Free Elections (ANFRE)

In previous elections, there were reports of electoral fraud involving advance military voting. Even then Union vice president Sai Mauk Kham, of the USDP, was accused of manipulating advance votes in his constituency, Shan State’s , in the 2015 general election. The then state election sub-commission denied the accusation and stood firm on its official vote count.

Election observer groups said that while advance voting is hard to monitor at the best of times, advance voting by the military is even less transparent. In some cases, the ballots arrive directly from far-flung military bases where the commanding officers have sole responsibility for arranging advance votes and the number of people who cast such votes is unknown. This raises legitimacy issues such as whether the ballots were cast in secret, without intimidation and by the actual voters themselves.

Election observer Daw Mya Nandar Thin said the number of advance votes is always much higher at polling stations inside military camps than at civilian polling stations. She said that while there were difficulties accessing the military camps on election day in 2015, her group was able to conduct poll monitoring in some cantonment areas during the 2017 and 2018 by-elections.

“But we couldn’t assess casting of ballots during out-of-constituency military advance voting,” she said.

However, she is hopeful that advance military voting will become more transparent under the electoral by-law amendments passed in May, as the country’s Union Election Commission will now publish lists of voters who request advance voting. This should make it easier for observers and others to get an idea of how many advanced votes are out there.

Parliament’s success in amending electoral by-laws to bring polling stations out of military compounds was achieved over resistance from the military.

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Military spokesperson Major General Tun Tun Nyi told reporters during a press conference in Naypyitaw late last year that it is difficult for both military personnel and their family members to leave their bases to vote, as they are on duty 24 hours per day.

As Parliament was debating the proposed changes to the electoral by-laws, Brigadier- General Maung Maung told reporters in Naypyitaw that it would cause security and transport problems in some places for military personnel and their family members to leave their military barracks to vote.

“I think this is wrong. There was no problem with the military polling stations in the 2010 and 2015 general elections; the elections were free and fair and that is why the ruling party is in power today. There is no reason for it.”

For all their resistance, however, the abolition of polling stations on military bases succeeded. According to Daw Mya Nandar Thin of New Myanmar Foundation, a local election observation group, the move will ensure transparency in the election process.

“Greater transparency will strengthen the credibility of the whole election,” she said. https://www.irrawaddy.com/opinion/analysis/will-outlawing-polling-stations-military- bases-change-myanmars-electoral-landscape.html ------

A day in a life of a woman opium poppy farmer in Myanmar A commentary by TNI | 15 July 2020

There is genuine hope that by sharing her story as a woman who grows opium, Nang Kham could help encourage other women farmers to speak out, and encourage the wider community to realise the collective benefits of gender equality.

Nang Kham (a pseudonym) is 32 years old and lives with her husband and two children in a mountainous village in southern Shan State, Myanmar. Like many women around the world, she bears a disproportionate share of household work. She is also one of the tens of thousands of women who cultivate opium as a means of survival in Myanmar. She lives in a high-altitude area, where opium fields stretch out as far as the eye can see.

Opium fields around Nang Kham’s village in Southern Shan State / Photo credit Dania Putri (TNI)

Cultivation for household needs such as traditional medicines has been common in Nang Kham's village for some time, but larger scale cultivation is a relatively new phenomenon. The violence and insecurity that followed the conflict in the late 1990s forced Nang Kham and her

Page 13 of 37 fellow villagers to flee.1 When they returned years later they discovered that all their crops and domesticated animals had disappeared. The only viable cash crop at the time was opium. It grows relatively quickly, is low in volume and high in value and traders come to the village so there is no need to travel to the nearby market. And as the roads are in bad shape, and conflict sporadically flares up, opium was and is a life saver cash crop.

Nang Kham earns more than 70 percent of her annual household income with one season of opium cultivation and harvesting per year. Most of this income is spent on food, healthcare, and education. She also grows a small amount of food for household consumption, as well as tea and coffee to be sold to local cooperatives.

Daily routine

Nang Kham’s day begins as soon as the monastery bell rings at four in the morning. She starts by building a fire and cooking breakfast. Afterwards, she wakes up her husband to help her collect more firewood from the forest. They return at six or seven in the morning and it’s time for Nang Kham to serve breakfast to the family.

Next she returns to the kitchen to prepare food for her eldest child's school lunch and so she and her husband can eat in their opium field. Her younger child is too young to go to school so he joins them for their daily trip to the opium field—an hour's walk from home.

In the poppy field, Nang Kham and her husband share more or less the same tasks, from preparing the land, planting, fertilising, to weeding and harvesting. They work from around eight or nine in the morning until five in the afternoon. During the weeding period they work longer hours.

Back home in the evening, Nang Kham is once again in charge of cooking evening dinner, washing, cleaning and other tasks that keep her busy until bedtime. On top of all this, like women around the world, she bears a disproportionate share of the often-underestimated responsibility of childcare.

A traditional Shan communal hot pot (served with young leaves of the opium poppy plant) prepared by Nang Kham and other women who participated in our conversation about women who grow opium / Photo credit Dania Putri (TNI)

Women in opium production

Nang Kham was one of more than forty women growers who we spoke with as part of our research work in Myanmar, where approximately 190,000 households are said to be involved in opium cultivation, primarily in Shan and Kachin State. Prior to sharing their experiences with us, most respondents admitted that they had never spoken about the challenges they face as women growers.

Page 14 of 37

Like Nang Kham, other women farmers bear a greater load of daily chores and responsibilities than their male counterparts. These women generally play a very small role in political and social matters, though they are equally skilled and knowledgeable of their work and community.

Some women growers, Nang Kham included, are in charge of keeping and managing their household incomes, although this does not automatically translate to more decision-making power for women in general. Most of our respondents pointed out that all decisions related to household spending are made collectively by both wife and husband, a dynamic made possible thanks to the additional income earned by growing opium.

Nevertheless, the illicit status of opium cultivation – along with its consequent policies like forced eradication and criminalisation – sometimes puts farmers and their families in precarious financial situations. When a harvest is lost due to either forced eradication or bad weather, farmers need to borrow money and/or to work as daily wage labourers at other farms.

These challenges can go beyond the issue of money, as socioeconomic vulnerability is worsened by the lack of essential services available in their communities. Only one nurse provides basic healthcare in their village, and she is also looking after twenty four other nearby villages. The closest hospital is an hour away by scooter, which can easily turn into five hours in the rainy season.

A view from Nang Kham’s fellow villager’s house, who also happens to be the one and only nurse providing basic healthcare in the village – as well as twenty four other nearby villages / Photo credit Dania Putri (TNI)

Nang Kham worries about her children’s future, “what about families who cannot afford to finance (higher) education for their children? How can we find institutions who can help provide funds for this?” Her questions resonated with other farmers around her.

Limited access to land titling is another issue that some women face. In some parts of the country, only their husbands’ names are written on land certificates. However, this is not the case in Nang Kham’s traditionally Shan village: In Shan culture the family decides the ownership and inheritance of land.

The subtle nature of gender inequality

In comparison with other parts of the world, such as Latin America, gender-based discrimination that affects women – and more specifically women in illicit cultivation – may appear more subtle in Myanmar, and possibly also in the wider Southeast Asia region.

Page 15 of 37

As argued by thinkers like Tharapi Than, the impact of gender inequality in Myanmar is magnified for women who belong to certain ethnic minority groups, for women in rural areas and/or in conflict and poverty, and for women who take part in illegal activities.

This multi-layered form of marginalisation is exacerbated by socioeconomic inequality between the rich and poor as well as between those in urban and rural areas. Such inequality further alienates disadvantaged women, for instance by depriving them of basic education, and prevents them from fighting for their rights – all while the myth that there is no fight to be fought hangs in the air.

Gender equality benefits women, men, and the wider society

When asked about what they wished to see change in their lives in the future, Nang Kham and many other respondents did not mention anything gender-specific. “We want to see better roads and electricity, which we don’t have at the moment,” said one woman. Nang Kham answered, “we need more livelihoods or income sources and better access to education and healthcare.”

These sentiments were shared many times during our conversations with women farmers. Several women who have taken part in the Myanmar Opium Farmers’ Forum2 (MOFF) meetings, felt that having more opportunities to speak publicly either at village or community meetings has in fact enabled them to strengthen their capacities. They developed skills, which helped to defend their interests and eventually enhanced the well- being of their families and the wider community.

Recent initiatives like the MOFF aim to support changes in the lives of opium farmers for the better, while contributing to the refinement of the country’s drug-related policies in general. Yet they remain incomplete without the adequate participation of women, whose tireless efforts and productive insights deserve real attention and acknowledgment. The need for further participation of women in society has become even more important today, given the new set of challenges faced by farmers due to COVID-19 related impacts and restrictions. In the last three months alone, opium prices have dropped by almost fifty percent.

Nang Kham’s story represents just a small part of what is experienced by tens of thousands in Myanmar who have long endured harsh policies and exclusion because of their involvement in the illicit drug market. Regardless, there is genuine hope that by sharing her story, Nang Kham could help encourage other women to speak out and encourage the wider community to realise the collective benefits of gender equality.

Notes:

1 To learn more about this conflict and its implications, see: Amnesty International. Myanmar: Atrocities in the Shan State https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/152000/asa160051998en.pdf and Statement by Shan community groups, (June 2020). Still waiting for justice: remembering the Hsai Khao and Tad Fa Ho massacres.

Page 16 of 37

https://www.shanhumanrights.org/eng/index.php/392-still-waiting-for-justice- remembering-the-hsai-khao-and-tad-fa-ho-massacres

2 The Myanmar Opium Farmers’ Forum was formed in 2013 to protect the rights of farmers and help them have meaningful involvement in drug policy design and alternative livelihood development. Read more: https://www.tni.org/en/profile/myanmar-opium-farmers-forum- moff

https://www.tni.org/en/article/a-day-in-a-life-of-a-woman-opium-poppy-farmer-in- myanmar ------

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http://www.nmg-news.com/2020/07/17/11469

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စ��င��ဝဏ� | 17 JUL 2020

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�မန�မ����င�ငံ ��မ�က�ပ��င���ဒသတ�င� တစ����င�ငံလ�ံ�ပစ�ခတ�တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� NCA က�� လက�မ�တ��ရ�ထ���ထ���ခင�� မရ���သ� တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�အမ���စ� အ��ခစ��က� လ�ပ�ရ���လ�က�ရ��သည�။ ကခ�င�လ�တ���မ�က��ရ�အဖ���(KIO) ရ�မ���ပည�တ���တက��ရ�ပ�တ�( SSPP ) ဝ �ပည��သ��စည��ည���တ��ရ�ပ�တ�(UWSP) မ��င��လ�� အဖ��� (NDAA) က���ကန��အဖ��� (MNDAA)

Page 18 of 37

တအ�င��အဖ���(TNLA) ရခ��င�အဖ��� (AA) တ����ဖစ�သည�။ ၎င��တ���အနက� AA က�� အစ���ရက အ�ကမ��ဖက�အဖ���အစည��အ�ဖစ� မတ�၂၃ရက�တ�င� ��ကည�ခ��သည�။

လ�မည�� �သဂ�တ�လအတ�င�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ ၂၁ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံ စတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ�က�င��ပမည��ဖစ�သည�။ ထ��အစည��အ�ဝ�သည� covid-19 ကန��သတ�ခ�က�မ�����က�င�� �ဆ������မည�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ��ရက�� ၃ပ�ံ ၂ပ�ံအထ� �လ���ခ�ထ��သည�။ ယခင�က က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ၇၀၀ �က����ဖင�� က�င��ပ�လ�ရ��သည�� ထ��အစည��အ�ဝ�က�� ယခ�အခ� ၂၃၀ ဝန��က�င��ဖင��က�င��ပမည��ဖစ�သည�။

အစ���ရ ��င�� NCA လက�မ�တ�ထ���ထ���သ� တ��င��ရင��သ�� လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���အစည��မ���၏ ကနဦ��ဆ������ပ��ရလဒ�မ���အရ �သဂ�တ�လ ည�လ�ခံက�� ��မ�က�ပ��င��အဖ���မ���အ�� ဖ�တ��က��မည�မဟ�တ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။ ည�လ�ခံက�� ပ�ံမ�န�တက��လ�ရ��သည�� မစ�တ�ဆ�န���က��ရ�န��လည�� တက��ရ�က�ရန�မ�သခ����က�င�� အစ���ရက��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တစ�ဦ�က ��ပ�ဆ��သည�။

https://myanmar.mmtimes.com/news/141489.html

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ကမ ���ပ�တ�င� တ��တ�တပ�မ�တ���န�သဝဏ�လ�� အ�စ�ဆ�ံ��ပ�ခ��သ� �မန�မ�က�ခ��ပ��ဖစ�ဟ� တ��တ�ခ���က���

By DVB | 17 July 2020

တ��တ�တပ�မ�တ���န� အထ�မ��အမ�တ�သဝဏ�လ��က�� ကမ ������င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�အထ�မ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ�က အ�စ�ဆ�ံ��ပ�ပ���ခ��တ��အတ�က� ဝမ����မ�က�ဂ�ဏ�ယ���က�င�� တ��တ�ဘက�က ��ပ��က��လ��က�ပ�တယ�။

က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�မ���က�� မင���အ�င�လ�င�န�� �မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� တ��တ�သံအမတ��က�� ခ�န��ဟ��င�၊ စစ�သံမ�� ဝ�ရင��ဗ��လ�မ���က�� Xiong Shaowei တ���န�� မ�န�က �န�ပည��တ��မ�� �တ��ဆ�ံစ�� ��ပ��က��ခ��တ�လ��� တပ�မ�တ��က သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ပ�တယ�။

ဩဂ�တ�လ ၁ ရက��န�မ�� က��ရ�က�မယ�� တ��တ��ပည�သ��လ�တ���မ�က��ရ�တပ�မ�တ�� ထ��ထ�င�တ�� (၉၃) ��စ���မ�က��န� အထ�မ��အမ�တ�သဝဏ�လ��က�� ���င�ငံအသ��သ��မ� ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င��တ�၊တပ�မ�တ��အ�က��အက��တ�က တ��တ����င�ငံသ��� �ပ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��က�က�ယ��ရ�ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ�က အ�စ�ဆ�ံ��ပ�ပ���ခ��တ��အတ�က� တ��တ�တပ�မ�တ��မ� ဝမ����မ�က�ဂ�ဏ�ယ���က�င�� �ဆ��������ပ�ဆ��ခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

�တ��ဆ�ံရ�မ�� တ��တ�သံအမတ��က��က တ��တ����င�ငံအ�နန�� �မန�မ����င�ငံရ�� �ပည�တ�င���င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အတ�က� ဆက�လက� အက�အည��ပ��ပ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�ည�လ�ခံ-(၂၁) ရ�စ�ပင�လ�ံစတ�တ�အစည��အ�ဝ� �အ�င��မင�စ�� က�င��ပ���င�ဖ��� �ထ�က�ခံအ���ပ���က�င��န�� �ပည�ပဝင��ရ�က�စ�က�ဖက�မ��တ�က�� အတ�တက� ကန��က�က�သ���မယ�လ��� ��ပ�တ�� အ��က�င��လည�� တ��တ�သံ��ံ�သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�မ�� �ဖ���ပပ�တယ�။

ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�မ���က�� မင���အ�င�လ�င�ကလည�� �ဟ�င��က�င�အ�ရ�ဟ� တ��တ����င�ငံရ�� �ပည�တ�င���ရ�သ��ဖစ��ပ�� တ�ခ�����င�ငံ�တ�က ဝင��ရ�က�စ�က�ဖက�ခ�င��မရ��လ��� ယ�ဆ��က�င��၊ �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��အ�နန�� �ပည�တ�င���င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�အတ�က� တ��တ����င�ငံရ�� �ထ�က�ခံအ���ပ�မ�န�� အက�အည��တ� �ပ�တ�� အ�ပ�ခ���က���တ��အ��က�င�� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

Page 19 of 37

ဒ��အ�ပင� �မန�မ����င�ငံ��မ�က�ပ��င���ဒသတည��င�မ��အ�ခ�မ���ရ�အတ�က� လက��တ��က�က� န��ကပ�စ�� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�သ���မယ��အ��ခအ�န�တ�၊ နယ�စပ��ဒသလ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�၊ တည��င�မ��အ�ခ�မ���ရ�န�� မ��ယစ��ဆ�ဝ�� ���မ�နင���ရ�တ���မ�� တပ�မ�တ����စ�ရပ�အ�က�� သတင��အခ�က�အလက�န�� နည��ပည�မ���ဖလ�ယ�က� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� �ဆ������ခ���ကတယ�လ��� လည��သ�ရပ�တယ�။

�မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��အ�နန�� တ��တ����င�ငံက ဦ��ဆ�င� အ�က�င�အထည��ဖ���နတ�� “Belt and Road” စ�မံက�န��န�� �မန�မ�-တ��တ�စ��ပ����ရ�စ�က�တည��ဆ�က��ရ�က�� �ထ�က�ခံအ���ပ���က�င�� ဒ�လ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��ခင���ဖင�� �မန�မ��ပည�ရ�� �ပည�တ�င���င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ�န�� ဖ�ံ��ဖ ���တ���တက��ရ�အတ�က� အ�ထ�က�အက��ပ�မယ�လ��� ယ�ံ�ကည���က�င��လည�� က�က�ယ��ရ� ဦ�စ��ခ��ပ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တ��တ�-�မန�မ�စ��ပ����ရ�စ�က�ရ�� မ� ��င� (၃) ရပ��ဖစ�တ�� �က��က��ဖ� အထ��စ��ပ����ရ�ဇ�န�၊ တ��တ�-�မန�မ�နယ�စပ� စ��ပ����ရ�ဇ�န�န�� ရန�က�န��မ ����တ�� �မ ����ပဖ�ံ��ဖ ���တ���တက��ရ� စ�မံက�န�� အ�ပင� လ�ပ�စစ�ဓ�တ�အ��၊ လမ��ပန��ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�၊ စ��က�ပ�����ရ� စတ�� စ�မံက�န���တ�က�� စ��က�မတ�မတ�တ�န��အ���ပ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� ဆ��ရ��တယ�လ��� တ��တ�သံအမတ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��အ�ပင� �မ၀တ�မ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��နတ�� �ရ�က�က� ��လ��မ ���သစ�စ�မံက�န��ဟ� တ��တ����င�ငံက �ဆ�င�ရ�က��နတ�� OBOR စ�မံက�န��န�� လ�ံ�၀ သက�ဆ��င��ခင��မရ��ဘ� က�မ�ဏ�တစ�ခ�က လ�ပ��ဆ�င��ခင��သ� �ဖစ�တယ�လ��� တ��တ�ဘက� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တ��င��ရင��သ��လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���တခ����က�� တ��တ�က လက�နက��ထ�က�ပံ�မ�ရ��တယ�လ��� �ပ��ခ��တ��ရက�ပ��င��က ���င�ငံတက�သတင���တ�ထ�က�လ��ပ���န�က�မ�� �မန�မ��တပ�မ�တ��အ�က��အက�န�� တ��တ�သံအမတ��က��တ��� ခ�လ�� �တ��ဆ�ံခ��တ�လည�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ-DISINFO

http://burmese.dvb.no/archives/400019

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COVID- 19 က�လ KNU ထ�န��ခ��ပ�နယ���မ အ��ခအ�နန�� ပတ�သက�၍EHC အ�ထ��ထ� အတ�င���ရ�မ�� ပဒ��မန��မန����င�� အင�တ�ဗ��� (ပထမအပ��င�� )

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက�။ ၂၀၂၀ ခ���စ�၊ ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၇ ရက�။

တပ�မ�တ��န�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ�ရ���နတ�� ကရင�အမ����သ�� အစည��အ��ံ� KNU တပ�မဟ� ၅ နယ���မထ�မ�� �ဒသခံ�တ�ဟ� COVID- 19 က�လအတ�င�� စ��နပ�ရ�က�� အ�ကပ�အတည���တ�က�� ရင�ဆ��င�ခ��ရတယ�လ��� တ��င��ရင��သ�� က�န��မ��ရ� �က��မတ� EHC က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

အထ��သ�ဖင�� KNU တပ�မဟ� ၅ နယ���မမ��ရ��တ�� အ�တ��ထ �ပည�တ�င��စစ��ရ��င� စခန��ဟ� ဆ��ရင� COVID- 19 က�လအတ�င�� ရ�က���ပတ�လပ�တ�� အ��ခအ�နက�� �က�ံ�တ��ခ��ရတယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ တစ�ဖက�မ���တ�� အစ���ရရ�� ရန�ပ�ံ�င� စ��ဆင��မ�အပ��င���တ�မ��ဆ��ရင� ဗဟ��အစ���ရက�န တ��င��ရင��သ�� က�န��မ��ရ� အဖ���အစည�� �တ�ဆ� ပံ�ပ���မ��တ�ဟ� ထ��ရ�က�မ�မရ��တ��အတ�က� ���င�ငံတက� အလ�ရ�င��တ� အ�နန��

Page 20 of 37

တ��င��ရင��သ�� �ဒသ က သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ��င��ရင��သ�� က�န��မ��ရ� အဖ���အစည���တ� ဆ�က��ပ� တ��က����က� က�ည�ပံ�ပ����ပ�ဖ��� လ��အပ� တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

လက�ရ�� COVID- 19 �ရ�ဂ��ဖစ�ပ����နတ�� က�လအတ�င�� မ���တ��(ဖ�ပ�န�) ခ���င�ရ�� အ��ခအ�န၊ အခက�အခ�၊ စ�န��ခ�မ��တ���င�� �ရ��ဆက�ဘ��တ� �က ��တင��ပင�ဆင�ထ��ပ�သလ� စတ��တ�က�� တ��င��ရင��သ�� က�န��မ��ရ� �က��မတ� EHC ရ�� အ�ထ��ထ� အတ�င���ရ�မ��လည���ဖစ� မ���တ��ခ���င� COVID- 19 respond committee supporting Group ရ�� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�တစ�ဦ�လည���ဖစ�တ�� ပဒ��မန��မန��က�� သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ�က�န�ရက�က ဆက�သ�ယ� �မ��မန�� ထ��ပ�တယ�။

သတင����င��မ�ဒ�ယ�က�န�ရက� – COVID က�လကလည�� ရ�ည�လ��ပ�ဆ���တ�� ဆရ�တ���အ�နန�� တ��င��ရင��သ�� �ဒသမ�� ရ��တ�� �ဒသခံ�တ�ရ�� လ�ပ� က��င�စ���သ�က�မ� အ��ခအ�န�တ� ဘယ�လ���တ��ရသလ�။

ပဒ��မန��မန�� – အဓ�ကက�တ�� က��န��တ��� COVID က�လမ�� Lockdown ��က�င�� �ဖစ�လ�တ�� အက����ဆက� �တ�က�တ�� သ����ရ�လ��ရ�အခက�အခ� �န�က� ဒ�က��န��တ��� က�န�သ�ယ�မ� အခက�အခ��ပ�� ဒ� �ရ�င��ဝယ� �ဖ�က�က�� ပစ�ည��ဝယ��ခမ��ဖ��� အခက�အခ��တ�က�တ�� ၂ လ ၃ လ�လ�က�အ�တ� အတ�င��မ��က�တ�� နည��နည���လ� အ�ကပ�အတည���ဖစ�သ���တ��ပ��။ အ�လ��ပ���ပ�ရမ���ပ�� �ယဘ�ယ� အ���ဖင���ပ��။

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ�က�န�ရက� – အ�ဒ�အခက�အခ��လ��တ�က�� နည��နည�� ရ�င���ပ�ပ�ပ�လ��။

ပဒ��မန��မန�� – အထ��သ�ဖင���တ�� KNU ထ�န��ခ��ပ�တ�� နယ���မလ��� ��ပ�ရမယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� KNU မ�� သ�ရ�� နယ� ��မအရ�တ�� ခ���င� ၇ ခ��ပ���န� ဒ�ထ�မ���တ�� KNU ရ�� လ�ံ�လ�ံ�ထ�န��ခ��ပ����င�တ�� နယ���မက�တ�� ဒ�မ���တ�� ခ���င�လ���ပ� က��န��တ��� ဥပမ��ပ�ရမ�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ က��န��တ��� ဖ�ပ�န�ခ���င�လ���လည�� �ခ��ကတ��ပ��။ မ���တ��ခ���င� ဖ�ပ�န�ခ���င�က�တ�� မတ�လ ၂၀ ရက��န�က က�နစ�ပ���တ�� Lockdown လ�ပ�လ��က�တယ�။ �န�က�တစ� ဆက�တည��မ�� က��န�� တ��� ဒ�ခ���င�န�� ဆက�စပ�တ�� ထ��င��ဖက�ကမ���ပ�� ထ��င�����င�ငံဖက�ကမ�� သံလ�င��မစ� ��က�င��တစ��လ��က� ထ��င�� ဖက�က လည��ပ� ဒ�နယ�စပ��မ ����တ�က�� Lockdown လ�ပ�လ��က�တ� က�တ�� မတ�လ ၂၁ ရက��ပ��ဗ���။ အ�လ��မ���� �ဖစ�တ��က�လမ��က�တ�� က��န��တ��� က�န��ဈ���န���မင�� တက�သ���က�� က��န��တ��� �တ��သ���တယ�။ ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� က��န��တ��� �ပန���ပ�ရရင��တ�� မတ�လက�န လက�န��မအထ�က လ�ံ�ဝက�� ပ�တ�ဆ���တ��အတ�က� �တ�� �တ�� �လ� အခက�ခ� �ဖစ�သ���တယ� အထ��သ�ဖင�� အ�တ��ထစခန��လ�� ဒ�က�သည�စခန��က ထ��င��ဖက�ရ�� အက�အည��ပ��ဗ��။ ဒ�တသ��ပ�ဂ�လရ�� အက�အည�က�� လက�ခံယ�ရတ�� IDP လ�ထ��ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� သ�တ���က�တ�� ပ���ပ���တ�� �ကပ�တည��သ���တယ�။ သ����သ��လည��ပ� က��န��တ���ရ�� ဒ��ဒ သခံ ထ��င���ဒသခံ �တ�င��ဆ��မ� အ�ပ�မ�� open letter �လ�က�� က��န��တ��� ထ�တ��ပန�လ��က�တ� �တ�� ရတယ��ပ��။ အ�ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� ထ��င�� �ဒသခံ အ�ဏ�ပ��င��တ�ကလည�� ဧ�ပ�လဆန���လ�က� က�နစ�ပ�� �တ��မ� က��န��တ���က�� တစ�ပတ�တစ��က�မ� အ�ဒ�က �န�ပ���တ��မ� ရ�က��သယ�ခ�င���တ�ရလ�တယ�။ �န�က��ပ�� �တ�� တစ�ခ��န�တည��မ��လည��ပ� အ�ရ�အ�ပ� အက�အည�အ�နန�� KWO က�န�ပ���တ��မ� အ�တ��ထ စခန��အတ�က� �ပ���န� ဒ� ထမ���ဖ�င��ဒ�ရ�င�� က�န တစ�ဆင�� လက�ခံရရ���ပ���တ��မ� တမဟ�တ�ခ�င�� အ�ရ�တ�က�� �ဆ�င� ရ�က�တ��အခ� က��တ�� တစ�စ�ံတစ�ရ� က��န��တ��� က�ည�သက�သ�မ��တ� ရရ��သ���တ��ပ���န��။

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက� – �ရရ�ည�အတ�က��က� ဘယ�လ�� �ပင�ဆင��ဆ�င�ရ�က��နပ�သလ�။

ပဒ��မန��မန�� – ဒ�အတ�က� က��န��တ���က �ဒသ� �ရ က�န��ဈ���န��ထ�န��ခ��ပ����င�ဖ���အတ�က�ရယ� �န�က��ပတ�လပ�မ� မ�ဖစ��အ�င�လည�� ဆ��တ� �ဒသခံအ�ဏ�ပ��င��တ�န�� CBO ၊ CSO �တ�န�� အခ�နလ��မ���� ဆန�ဂ���ဒ�င�လ��ပ���န� ဒ� ခ���င�တစ�ခ�က�� က��န��တ��� အ�တ� ၅၀၀၊ ၅၀၀ န�� စတ���လ�ပ�ထ��ဖ��� ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� �ပန� လည��ပ���တ��မ� �ဈ�သက��သ�င��သက�သ�န�� �ဈ�ပ�ံမ�န�န�� ထ�တ��ရ�င��တ��တ� လ�ပ�ထ��တယ�။ အ��ခခံ အ���ဖင�� တကယ�လ��� ထ�တ��ရ�င��တ��တ� လ�ပ�ထ���ပမယ�� လ�ံ�၀ ဝယ�စ��လ���မရတ�� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ� အတ�က� က��က��တ�� ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� �ခ��ဌ��စ��တ��လ��တ��ပ��ဗ���။ �န�က�မ� �ပန��ပ�မယ�ဆ��တ�� ဒ�အ��ခခံမ� �တ� ခ�မ�တ��ပ���တ�� အ�ဒ�အထ�က�� က��န��တ���ခ�င���ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�ထက�အ��ခအ�နဆ���လ�မယ�။lockdown က ပ���က� လ�မယ� ဒ� crisis က ပ���ပ���တ�� �ပင��လ�မယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� ခ�နက ဒ�ဆန�အ�တ� ၂၀၀၀ လ�ံ�က က��န��တ���က အ�ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� free distribution အ�နန�� ဒ�က�� ဆက��ပ���တ�� �ဖန���ဝသ���မယ�ဆ��တ�� ဒ�ရ�� secondary crisis က�� က��န��တ���က �က ��တင�အ�နန�� �ပင�ဆင�မ�

Page 21 of 37

က��န��တ��� စလ�ပ��နပ�တယ�။ အခ�ဆ��ရင� လည��ပ� ဆန�အ�တ� ၂၀၀၀ လ�ံ��တ���ဒသအတ�င��က�� မ�ရ�က��သ�ဘ�� ဆန�အ�တ� ၁၀၀၀ �က����က��� တစ�ဝက�န��ပ�� ၅၀ ရ�ခ��င� ��န�� �ဒသအတ�င��သ����ရ�က��ပ� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ စ�ပ�� လည�ပတ��ပ�လည�� ��ပ�လ��� ရပ��ပ�။

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက� – တ�ခ�� KNU တပ�မဟ��တ�ရ�� အ��ခအ�နက�ရ� ဘယ�လ��ရ��သလ�။

ပဒ��မန��မန�� – က�န�တ�� ခ���င��ဒသ�တ�က�တ�� အထ��သ�ဖင��က�တ�� က��န��တ��� ဒ� အစ���ရ က�န�� မ��ရ�ဌ�နရ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�ရ�� �အ�က�က�န�ပ���တ��မ� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ� �ပ�တ��အတ�က� �တ���တ�� မ���မ���က�တ�� အစ���ရ က�န��မ��ရ�ဌ�နရ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�မ�ပ� ��ပ���ပ��ပ���န� သ�တ���ရ�� ခ�င���ပ�ခ�က�ပ� ��ပ���ပ� တစ�ခ���� က�စ� �တ�က အ�ဒ�အ�ပ�မ�� အမ����က�� အခက�အခ� ဆက�စပ�မ� အ��နည���နတယ� ��ပ�ရမ���ပ��။ ဒ���က�င��မ��� လ��� ဒ��ပင��နရ��တ�က mix control area �တ� �ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� ��စ�ဦ���စ�ဖက� ထ�န��ခ��ပ�တ�� နယ���မ�ဖစ�တ��အတ�က� လ�ပ�ငန��က�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ�� �နရ�မ�� က��န��တ���က အခက�အခ��တ� �တ��ရတယ�လ��� က��န���တ��ရတယ�။ ဘ��ဖစ�လ���လ�ဆ���တ�� ဒ�အပ��င��မ��က�တ�� အစ���ရ �ဆ���ံ�ဆ�ခန���တ�ကပ� တ�ဝန�ယ� ရမ��လ��KNU ရ�� က�န��မ��ရ� ဝန�ထမ���တ�ကပ� တ�ဝန�ယ�ရမ��လ�� ဒ�အပ��င��မ�� ပ���ပ�င�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ� အခန�� က�ကလည�� ဘယ�လ��သ���မလ��ပ���န��။ အ�ဒ��တ�ကလည�� က��န��တ��� ရ�င��ရ�င��လင��လင�� မရ��ဘ�� လ���ပ� က��န��တ��� �မင�ရတယ��ပ��။ အ�ပ�ပ��င��မ��လည�� ရ���က�င��ရ���ပမယ��လည�� ရ��လည�� မရ��ဘ��။ ဒ��ပမယ�� �အ�က���ခမ�� က�တ�� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�က�တ�� အ��နည���နတ�က���တ�� က��န��တ��� �တ��ရတယ� လ���ပ� �ယဘ�ယ�အ���ဖင�� ��ပ�လ���ရမ�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

သတင����င�� မ�ဒ�ယ� က�န�ရက� – COVID- 19 က �ရရ�ည�ဆက��ဖစ�လ�မယ�ဆ��ရင� ဆရ�တ��� အ�နန�� အဓ�က �က�ံရမယ�� အခက�အခ��တ�က ဘ��တ�လ�။

ပဒ��မန��မန�� – ဆက��ဖစ�လ�မယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� အထ��သ�ဖင��secondary crisis က��လည�� က��န��တ��� �က ��စ��� စ��ရမ�� �ဖစ�တယ�။ ၂ ပ��င���ဖစ�တ��ပ�� COVID- 19 ��က�င�� �ဖစ�လ�တ�� �ရ�ဂ�ရ�� က��စက�မ�အ�ပ�မ�� က��န�� တ��� ဘယ�လ�� က�သမ� လ�ပ�ရမလ�။ ဒ�အ�ပ�မ��လည�� က��န��တ��� အမ����က�� စ���ရ�မ�စရ� �ဖစ�တယ�။ က��န��တ��� ပစ�ည��ပစ�ယ Facilities က လ�ံလ�ံ�လ�က��လ�က� မရ��ဘ��။ �န�က�တစ�ခ�ကလည��ပ� ���င�ငံတက�ရ�� ပံ�ပ���မ� ဆ��တ�ကလည��ပ� အစ���ရက�န အစ���ရက��ပ� သ���တယ� က��န��တ��� တ��င��ရင��သ��ရ�� က�န��မ��ရ�ဌ�နန�� တ��င�� ရင��သ�� �တ��လ�န��ရ� အဖ���အစည���တ�အ�ပ�မ�� တ��က����က�ဝင�တ�လည�� မရ��တ��အခ�က��တ�� ���င�ငံ�ရ� အရ အကန��အသတ�အ�ပ�မ�� အ��ခခံ�ပ���တ�� က��န��တ��� ဘယ�လ��မ� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�ဆ��တ� �ပည�� �ပည��၀၀ လ�ပ�လ���ရမ�� မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ ဒ�က ပထမအဆင��အ�နန�� က�သမ�ပ��င��န�� က�က�ယ�မ�အပ��င�� ဆ��င�ရ� COVID-19 တ��က����က��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ�အ�ပ�မ�� ပထမဆ�ံ� အကန��အသတ� အ�ဒ�အကန��အသတ�ရယ� �န�က� �ပ�� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ� အကန��အသတ�ရယ� ဒ�ပထမဆ�ံ�တစ�ခ�က� ��ပ�ခ�င�တယ�။ ဒ�တ�ယတစ�ခ�က� က �တ�� က��န��တ��� �န�က�ဆက�တ���ဖစ�လ����င�တ��humanitar ian crisis �ပ�� secondary crisis တကယ�လ��� COVID- 19 �ဖစ�လ�ရင��တ�� ဒ��ရ�ဂ�က က��စက���န��တစ�အ���မန�တ��အတ�က���က�င�� က��န��တ���က တ�ခ�� ကပ��ရ�ဂ�လ��မ���� �တ����ံတန���ံန�� က�က�ယ�လ��� မရပ�န�� lockdown လ�ပ�ရတ��အထ� �ပ���န��။ လမ��ခရ��ပ�တ� ဆ���ရတ��အထ� သ���လ��ရ� ပ�တ�ဆ���ရတ��အထ� လ�ပ�ရတ�� အခ�က��တ�� secondary crisis �ဖစ�တ�� က��န��တ��� စ��နပ�ရ�က�� ငတ�မ�တ��ခ�င��ပ��တ�� �ပတ�လတ�တ��တ� �ဖစ�လ����င�တယ�ဆ��တ� ဒ�အတ�က�က�တ�� က��န�� တ��� �ပင�ဆင�မ��တ��တ�� အမ����က�� လ�ပ�ရအ�ံ�မယ�။ ခ�နက��ပ�ထ��တ�� က��န��တ��� �ပင�ဆင�မ�န���တ�� မလ�ံ �လ�က��သ�ဘ�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ�အတ�က�က��လည�� ပ��စ���ရ�မ�တ�က လ�မယ�� COVID- 19 န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� က��န��တ���က ဘ�မ� မယ�မယ�ရရ ဘယ�သ�မ� ��ပ�လ���မရ�သ�ဘ��။ ဘယ�က�လမ�� က��န��တ��� က�က�ယ� သ���မလ� ဘယ�လ�� ဆက� �ဖစ�လ����င�မလ� �န�က�က��န��တ��� က�က�ယ��ဆ�က��လည�� ဘယ�ခ���စ�က�မ� ဘယ�လ�� coverage �ဖစ��အ�င� �ဆ�င�ရ�က����င�မယ�ဆ��တ� က��န��တ��� မ��ပ����င��သ�တ�� အတ�က� က��န�� တ��� အထ��စ���ရ�မ� တ�က�တ�� ဒ�တ�ယလ�င���ပ���န��။ COVID- 19 ရ�� ဒ�တ�ယ �န�က�တစ� �က����ပန� �ပန��ဖစ� လ�မ��က���တ�� က��န��တ��� အထ��စ���ရ�မ�စရ��ဖစ�တယ�။

http://www.nmg-news.com/2020/07/17/11464

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နမ�တ�က အမ����သမ�� အဓမ�က�င��ခံရမ�RCSS အဖ���က�� စစ��ဆ�ရန� �တ�င��ဆ��

By ဇင�လင��ထက� | 17 July 2020

RCSS ဗဟ��ဌ�နခ��ပ�တ�င� �တ��ရသည�� SSA တပ�ဖ���ဝင�မ��� / �က���ခ / ဧရ�ဝတ�

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ� ��မ�က�ပ��င�� နမ�တ��မ ���နယ� �ခ��င��ဆ�ရ��မ� အသက� ၁၆ ��စ�အရ�ယ� အမ����သမ��တဦ�က�� အဓမ��ပ�က�င��သည�ဟ� ဆ��က� ရ�မ���ပည� �ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င��ရ� �က�င�စ� (RCSS) တပ�သ��က�� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ� �ပ�ရန� ပ�လ�င� (တအ�င��) အရပ�ဘက�အဖ��� ၁၈ ဖ���က �တ�င��ဆ��လ��က�သည�။

တအ�င�� အမ����သမ��အဖ���၊ တအ�င��ဥပ�ဒ အ�ထ�က�က��ပ� အဖ�����င�� တအ�င�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ဆ��င�ရ� �က��မတ� စသည�� အဖ���အစည��မ���က ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၅ ရက�တ�င� ��ကည�ခ�က� ထ�တ��ပန�၍ �တ�င��ဆ���ခင��လည�� �ဖစ�သည�။

�ပ��ခ��သည�� ဇ�န�လ ၁၇ ရက� �န�လယ� ၁၁ န�ရ�ခန��တ�င� �တ�င�ယ�မ� �ပန�လ��သ� �ခ��င��ဆ�ရ��မ� အမ����သမ��က�� RCSS အဖ���မ� တပ�သ�� စ��င��အ��က�ပန� ဆ��သ�က လမ��တ�င� တ��ဆ��က� အဓမ� �ပ�က�င��ခ����က�င�� တအ�င�� အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���မ���၏ ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�တ�င� ပ�ရ��သည�။

က���လ�န�ခံရသ�၏ မ�သ��စ�မ���က အဓမ��ပ�က�င��ခံရမ�အတ�က� တရ��မ�တမ� ရရ�����င��ရ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ရန� တအ�င��အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���မ���က�� အက�အည��တ�င��ခ��ရ� ထ��အဖ���မ���က သတင��မ�ဒ�ယ�အခ����သ��� အမ��ဖစ�စ��က�� ��ပ��ပခ��သည�။

သတင�� မ�ဒ�ယ�မ���တ�င� အမ�က�စ� ပ�ရ��သ����ပ���န�က� RCSS တပ�ဖ���မ� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ�မ���က �ခ��င��ဆ�ရ��သ��� �ရ�က�လ�က� �ပဿန� ��ဖရ�င���ပ�မည�ဟ� ရ��ခံတခ����က�� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ���ပ�� ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၃ ရက�တ�င� နမ�တ��မ ���နယ� �ရအ����က��ရ��၌ က���လ�န�ခံ ရသ� အပ�အဝင� မ�သ��စ�ဝင�မ�����င�� အရပ�ဘက�အဖ���မ���အ�� �တ��ဆ�ံမည�ဟ� ခ��န��ဆ��ခ��သည�။

သ����သ�� ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၃ ရက�တ�င� �ရအ����က��ရ��၌ �တ��ဆ�ံရန� သ����ရ�က��သ�အခ� ခ��န��ဆ��ထ��သည���နရ�သ��� RCSS အဖ���မ��� လ��ရ�က��ခင�� မရ����က�င�� တအ�င�� အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���မ���က ဆ��သည�။

ထ�����က�င�� အမ��ဖစ�စ��က�� စ�ံစမ�� စစ��ဆ��ဖ��ထ�တ�က� တ�ဝန�ယ�မ�၊ တ�ဝန�ခံမ�ရ��စ���ဖင�� ��ဖရ�င���ပ�ရန� �တ�င��ဆ��ရ�ခင�� �ဖစ���က�င�� တအ�င�� အမ����သမ��အဖ��� (TWO) မ� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� �လ��ခ���ဆင�� က ��ပ�သည�။

၎င��က “အခ� �ဖစ�သ���တ�� အမ��ပ�မ�� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ��ပ���တ�� အမ�န�တရ�� တခ�က�� �ဖ��ထ�တ����င�ဖ��� အ�ဒ�ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�ပ�။ က�မတ���က အဓ�ကက RCSS ရ�� ဗဟ�� အထက�အရ�ရ���တ�က�� သ��စခ�င�တယ�” ဟ� ဧရ�ဝတ�သ��� ��ပ�ဆ��သည�။

က�ယကံရ�င� အမ����သမ��၏ ထ�က�ဆ�� ခ�က�အရ က���လ�န�သ�မ�� RCSS ယ�န��ဖ�င��ဝတ�ထ��သည�� စ��င��အ��က�ပန�ဆ��သ��ဖစ�ေြ က�င�� TWO က ��ပ�သည�။

က���လ�န�သ�က�� ထ��ရ�က�သည�� အ�ပစ��ပ�ရန�၊ အမ�က�� အမ����ပည�သ��ရ��တ�င� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�စ�� စစ��ဆ�ရန�၊ က���လ�န� ခံရသ���င�� မ�သ��စ�ဝင�မ���က�� �တ�င��ပန�ရန�၊ က���လ�န�ခံရသ���င�� မ�သ��စ�ဝင�မ���၏ အန�ဂတ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က�� တ�ဝန�ယ��ပ�ရန� ��င�� �န�က�ထပ� အဓမ��ပ�က�င��မ�မ��� မ�ဖစ�ပ����စ�ရ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ��စလ����က�င�� �ဒ��လ��ခ���ဆင�� က ��ပ�သည�။

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RCSS အဖ��� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င�� ရ��သ� ဒ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�ကမ� နမ�တ�တ�င� အ��ခစ��က� လ�ပ�ရ����န�သ� ၎င��တ���တပ�ဖ���၌ စ��င��အ��က�ပန� အမည��ဖင�� တပ�သ�� မရ����က�င�� �ငင��ဆ��သည�။

ထ�ိ��ပင� RCSS တပ�သ��က အဓမ��ပ�က�င��သည� ဆ��သည�� စ�ပ�စ��မ�မ���သည� မဟ�တ�မမ�န� လ�ပ��ကံစ�ပ�စ��မ�မ���သ� �ဖစ�သ�ဖင�� တအ�င��အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���မ���၏ �တ�င��ဆ��မ�မ���က�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ�ရန� မရ����က�င�� ��ပ�သည�။

၎င��က “အ�ဒ�က�တ�� မဟ�တ�မမ�န� လ�ပ��ကံ သတင���တ�။ ဘယ�လ��ပ� �ရ��ရ�၊ ဘယ�လ��ပ� ထည��ထည�� ထည��လ��� ရတယ�။ က��န��တ��� စစ��ဆ��မ��မန�� �က��သ�ရသ�လ�က��တ�� မဟ�တ�ဘ��လ���ပ� �က��သ�ရတယ�” ဟ� ဆ��သည�။

RCSS တပ�သ��မ���က အရပ�သ��မ��� အ�ပ�တ�င� က���လ�န�မ�မ��� ရ��ပ�က RCSS ၏ �ဒသဆ��င�ရ� အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ�မ��မ���ထံ တ��င��က�����င��ပ�� �ပစ�မ�က���လ�န���က�င�� ထင�ရ���ပ�က တပ�ဖ��� စည��မ����၊ စည��ကမ��အရ အ�ရ�ယ���က�င�� ဒ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�က ��ပ�သည�။

၎င��က “အကယ�၍ ဟ�တ�မ�န�တယ�။ စစ�မ�န�တယ� ဆ��ရင��တ�� အရပ�သ�� အပ�အဝင�၊ တပ�သ��အပ�အဝင�၊ လ�ထ�အပ�အဝင� စ�စစ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ��ပ���တ�� �လ�နက�တ�� အ�ပစ�ဒဏ� ခ�မ�တ�တ�မ���� လ�ပ��လ� ရ��ပ�တယ�” ဟ� ရ�င���ပသည�။

က���လ�န�ခံရမ�က�� RCSS ထံ တ��က����က� မတ��င��က��ဘ� သတင�� မ�ဒ�ယ�မ���တ�င� မဟ�တ�မမ�န� သတင���ဖန���န�ခင��သည� RCSS အဖ���က�� န�မည�ဖ�က��န�ခင�� �ဖစ���က�င�� ဒ� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စ��င��အ�မ��ခ�က ��ပ�သည�။

တအ�င�� အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���မ���ကမ� RCSS အဖ���၏ တ�ံ��ပန�မ� အ�ပ�မ�တည�က� �တ�င��ဆ��မ�မ��� ဆက�လက� �ဆ�င�ရ�က� သ���မည�ဟ� ��ပ�သည�။

၂၀၂၀ အတ�င�� RCSS တပ�ဖ���ဝင�မ���က ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�အတ�င�� �ဒသခံ အမ����သမ��မ���အ�ပ� က���လ�န�သည�� အဓမ��ပ�က�င��မ� �ပ�င�� ၅ မ�ထက� မနည��ရ��သည�ဟ� တအ�င��အမ����သမ�� အဖ���ထံက သ�ရသည�။

RCSS သည� သမ�တ ဦ�သ�န��စ�န� အစ���ရ လက�ထက�က �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ခ���သ� �င�မ��ခ�မ���ရ� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ���တ�င� ပ�ဝင�လ�ခ���ပ�� ၂၀၁၁ ခ���စ� ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လတ�င� �ပည�နယ� အဆင��၂၀၁၂ ခ���စ� ဇန�နဝ�ရ�လတ�င� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� အဆင�� အပစ�အခတ�ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�မ�မ��� ရယ�ခ��က�၂၀၁၅ ခ���စ� �အ�က�တ��ဘ�လ ၁၅ ရက�တ�င� တ���င�ငံလ�ံ� ပစ�ခတ� တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�စ�ခ��ပ� ( NCA) လက�မ�တ� �ရ�ထ���ခ��သည�။

https://burma.irrawaddy.com/news/2020/07/17/226539.html

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�က��က�မ� အရပ�သ�� ထ�ခ��က��သဆ�ံ�တ���ဖစ�ရပ� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�မ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�ဖ��� �ဒသခံ�တ�လ��လ��

17 ဇ�လ��င�၊ 2020 | မ����ဇ��

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�တ�င�� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��တ�� တ��က�ပ��မ�����က�င��ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င��န�ကရတ�� စစ��ရ��င�ဒ�က�သည�မ���က�� ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�ရ�� ယ�ယ�စစ��ရ��င�စခန��တခ�မ�� �တ��ရ ။ (�သဂ�တ� ၂၄၊ ၂၀၁၉)

ရ�မ���ပည���မ�က�ပ��င�� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ�မ�� အရပ�သ�� �သ��ကထ�ခ��က�မ�အတ�က� တပ�မ�တ��က စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�မ��တ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�ရ��ဖ��� �ဒသခံ�တ� တ��က�တ�န���နတ��အ��က�င�� ��ပ��ပပ�မယ�။ ဗ��အ���အ�မန�မ�ပ��င��သတင���ထ�က� က��မ����ဇ��က သတင���ပ�ပ���ထ��ပ�တယ�။

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�က��က�မ��မ ���နယ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��န�� ရ�မ���ပည��ပန�လည� ထ��ထ�င��ရ��က�င�စ� RCSS အဖ���အ�က�� �ပ��ခ��တ��လက�န�ပ��င��က တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���စ�� ပန�က�င��က��ရ��မ�� အရပ�သ��တစ�ဦ��သဆ�ံ��ပ�� ၂ ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တ�ဟ� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ရ�� လက�ခ�က�လ��� �ဒသခံ�တ� စ�ပ�စ��ထ��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��က စ�ံစမ���နတ�ပ�။

တ��က�ပ��အတ�င�� အရပ�သ�� ထ�ခ��က��သ��ကမ� ရ��ခ����က�င�� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ� အဖ���က အတည��ပ�ခ���ပမ�� �ဖစ�စ��အတ�အက� သ�ရ�အ�င� တပ�မ�တ��အရ�ရ���က��တစ�ဦ� ဦ��ဆ�င�တ�� အဖ���က စ�ံစမ��မ�� �ဖစ���က�င��လည�� သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ��ပမ��လည�� ဒ�သ�တင��ပတ�ထ�မ��ပ� �က��က�မ��မ ���အ��ခစ��က� တပ�တ�င��မ�� စတင�ခ��တ�� စ�ံစမ��မ��တ� အ�ပ�မ���တ�� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ� မရ��မ��က�� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� �ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�စ��င��ထ�န��ဉ�ဏ� အပ�အဝင� �ဒသခံ�တ�က စ���ရ�မ��န�ကပ�တယ�။

“လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� တစ��ယ�က���ပ�တယ�။ စစ��ဆ��မ��မန��တ� သ�လည�� ပ�၀င� ပ���ပ�င��တယ��လ။ သ�တ���က�တ�� ဘယ�သ�မ� �ပ�မ�တ��ဘ��။ �မ�င�န�စစ�မယ�ဆ�� �မ�င�န�ပ�လ�။ ဘယ�မ�ဒ�ယ�မ� မလ�န��၊ ဘ�မ� မလ�ပ�န��၊ လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�က�တ�� သ�မန��လ�က�ပ��ပ��။ က��န���က��တ�က ဆရ�ဝန��တ�၊ လ�မ��ရ�အဖ���အစည���တ� စစ�တ� ဖ�စစ�တ��ပ��။ ဖ��ပ���တ�� စစ�တယ�၊ သ�တ��� လ��ခ�င�တ�� ပ�ံစံထ�က�လ��အ�င� စစ�တယ��ပ��။ အ�လ��ပ�ံစံမ���� သက��ရ�က��န�တ�� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�ရ��ဖ��� လ��တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� မ�န�ကလ�� တပ�မ�တ�� �ပန��က���ရ�ကလည�� ��ပ�တယ��လ ဒ� က��န��တ���ရ�� တပ�ရ�� လ�ပ�ထ�ံ�လ�ပ�နည��န�� က��န��တ��� လ�ပ�ပ�တယ�ဆ���ပ���တ��။ အမ�န�က�တ�� က��ယ�လ�ပ�ထ�ံ�လ�ပ�နည��ဆ��တ�ထက� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�စ��န�� အမ�မ�န��ပ� �ပ�က�ဖ���က သဘ�ဝက�တ��ပ���န��။”

အရပ�သ���တ� �သ��ကထ�ခ��က�ခ��တ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ� အ�ဖစ�မ�န��ပ��ပ�က��ရ� အမ����သ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� �က��မရ�င�က��လည�� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ� တ��င��က��ထ��သလ��၊ �ထ�င�န��ခ��တ�� �ဒသခံ�တ�လည�� မ�က��သ�ခင�ကပ� တရ��မ�တမ�ရရ���ရ� �တ�င��ဆ��ဆ���ပခ���ကပ�တယ�။

စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ��ရ�အဖ���ဟ� အခင���ဖစ�ပ���ရ� ပန�က�င��က��ရ��က�� သ����ရ�က�ခ��ရ�မ�� RCSS အဖ���က ၁၄ ရက��န�မ�� ၂ �က�မ�၊ ၁၅ ရက��န�မ�� ၃ �က�မ� �ခ�ံခ��တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��တယ�လ��� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���က သတင��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

RCSS ဘက�က�တ�� ၁၄ ရက��န�မ�� �က ��တင�ည����င��တ� မရ��ဘ� တပ�မ�တ��စစ���က�င�� ၀င��ရ�က�လ�တ���က�င�� ပစ�ခတ�တ�ရ��ခ����က�င��န�� ၁၅ ရက��န�မ�� တ�်�က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ� မရ��ဘ��လ��� သတင��မ�ဒ�ယ��တ�က�� ��ဖဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။

�လ��လ�ဆယ�မ���တ�� ပန�က�င��က��ရ��သ���တ�ဟ� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မ��က�� စ���ရ�မ��ပ�� တ�မ���ရ��င��န�ကပ�တယ�။

ပန�က�င�ရ��သ���တ�က�� က�ည��ဆ�င�ရ�က��ပ��နတ�� နန��ခ�ံ�ပရဟ�တအဖ��� ဥက�� စ��င��က��က စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ��ရ�အဖ���က ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�ရ��ရင� ရ��သ���တ�က ပ���ပ�င��ပ�၀င�လ�မ�� �ဖစ�တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"တကယ�လ���သ� သ�တ���သ� အစစ�အမ�န� �ပည�သ�လ�ထ�က�� ခ��ပမယ�ဆ��ရင� �ပဿန��ဖစ�တ�� ရ�� ဦ��ဆ�င�သ� ၃ �ယ�က�ရယ�၊ ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ��သ� ၃�ယ�က�ရယ� အ��လ�ံ�သ�တ���ဟ� သ�တ��� ထ�က�လ�ခ��မ��ပ�။ သ�တ���က ဒ�ဟ�က မတရ��ဘ��ထင�လ��� အခ� ခဏ�လ� �ရ��င�သ���တ�� သ�ဘ�ပ�။ တကယ�လ���သ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�ရ��ရင� သ�တ��� လ�ံ�ဝ �ပန�ထ�က�လ�မ��ပ�။ ဒ��တ�က။”

�က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� �ပည�နယ� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�စ��င��ထ�န��ဉ�ဏ�ကလည�� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�မ�မ�� လ��အပ�ရင� သက��သ�တ�က�� ထ�က�ဆ��ဖ��� တ��က�တ�န��ထ���ပမ�� လ�တ�လပ�တ�� စစ��ဆ�မ��တ��ဖစ�ဖ��� လ����က�င�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 25 of 37

“စ�ံစမ���မ��မန��ခ�င�တယ�ဆ��ရင� အ�ဒ� စ�ထ�က�တ�� သက��သအ��လ�ံ�က�� က��န��တ��� �ခ�လ��� ရတယ�။ သ�တ����တ��ခ�င�တ���နရ� �ခ�လ��� ရတယ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� လ�တ��တ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��ရ��က�� စစ��ဆ�မယ�ဆ�� သ�တ���က လ�မယ�။ ဒ�လ����ပ�တယ�။ က��န��တ���က�� တစ��ယ�က�ထ� ဒ�တ��င���ခ�ရင� သ�တ���က မလ�ဘ��။ ဒ� သ�တ��� �တ�င��ဆ��ခ�က�။ က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ�ကလည� ဒ�ပ�။ ခင�ဗ��� စစ��ဆ�မယ�ဆ��ရင� က��န��တ���က�� န���ထ�င�ခ�င���ပ�ပ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� သ�တ���က No ဆ���တ�� ဆ��လ��ရင��က ဒ�လ��ဗ��၊ အ�လ��က��တ�� စစ�စရ�က�� မလ���တ��ဘ��။ သ�တ��� စစ�ခ�င�သလ��စစ� ထ�က�ခ�င�သလ�� အ��ဖထ�က�လ�မ��ပ��လ။ ”

�ဒသတ�င��မ�� တပ�မ�တ�� စစ���က�င���တ� �ရ�က�ရ���န�ပ�� RCSS တပ�ဖ���န�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ� ရ���နတ���က�င�� �က��ရ�� ��ခ�က� ရ���လ�က�က �ဒသခံ ၃၀၀ �လ�က�ဟ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ� ရ��က ဘ�န���က���က��င���တ�မ�� ခ��လ�ံ�န�က��က�င�� စ��င��က��က အခ�လ�� ဆက���ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဘ�န���က���က��င��က �လ� ရ��ရ��တယ�ဗ�။ ပန��လ��ရယ�၊ နန��က�င�ရယ�၊ နန��ပန�ဆင��ရယ� နမ��ဖတ�ရယ�။ အ��လ�ံ��ပ�င��က လ��က�ရင� ၃၀၀ ၀န��က�င��လ�က��တ�� ရ��တယ�။ ”

�ပ��ခ��တ�� လက�န�ပ��င��က တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���စ��က�တ�� �ဒသခံရ��သ� ရ��သ�� ၅၀၀ �လ�က� တ�မ���ရ��င�ခ��ရပ�တယ�။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/kyauk-mae/5506709.html

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�က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င��တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���မည�က�� စ���ရ�မ�သ�ဖင�� �ဒသခံမ��� စစ��ရ��င��နရ

By Nang Seng Nom - July 17, 2020

သ�မ���ပည� ��မ�က�ပ��င�� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ��မ��� ထပ�မံ�ဖစ�ပ���မည�က�� �ဒသခံမ��� စ���ရ�မ�သ�ဖင�� �က��ရ�� ဘ�န���က���က��င��မ���တ�င� စစ��ဘ��ရ��င��န��က�င�� စ�ံစမ��သ�ရသည�။

ထ��နယ���မမ���တ�င� အစ���ရ တပ�မ�တ�� ��င�� သ�မ���ပည� �ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ� �က�င�စ�၊ သ�မ���ပည�တပ�မ�တ��(RCSS/SSA)တ���သည� ဇ�န� ၂၅ရက�မ� ယ�န�ထ�တ��င�� ထ��တ��မ� မ�က�ခဏ �ဖစ�ပ���က�၊ အစ���ရ တပ�မ�တ��က စစ�အင�အ��မ��� �ဖည��တင���နမ���က�င�� �ဒသခံမ��� တ��က�ပ��ထပ�မံ�ဖစ�ပ���လ�မည�က�� စ���ရ�မ��နသည� ဟ� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� �ဒသခံ နန��လ�ရ� က ��ပ�သည�။

“ တပ�က �န�တ��င�� စစ�အင�အ���တ��ဖည���န�တ�� ဘယ�ခ��န�တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�မလ�မသ��တ�� ရ��ဘ�န���က���က��င��မ�� သ���စ��ပ���န�နရတယ�။ အ��လ�ံ�က�တ�� ��က�က��နတယ�” ဟ� နန��လ�ရ� က ဆ��သည�။

ဘ�န���က���က��င��သ��� သ����ရ�က�စ��ပ���နထ��င��နရသည�� ရ��မ���မ�� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� က�န���ည�င��က��ရ��၊ နမ���မ��ဘ�လ���က��ရ��။ နမ��ဟန�ခ�န�ရ��၊ �ရဆန� �က��ရ��၊ ဟ��ဖ��င�၊ ဟ��င��က��၊ နမ��ဝ�� ��င��ပန�က�င��က��ရ��တ����ဖစ��က��က�င�� နန��လ�ရ� က ��ပ��ပသည�။

“ စ��ခ��န�တန�ရင��တ�� က��ယ��အ�မ�က��ယ���ပန�ခ�က� စ��၊ �န�က� ဘ�န���က���က��င��မ���ပန�လ��န။ အ�မ��ပန�ထမင��ခ�က�စ��ရင��တ�င� တ��က�ပ�� �ဖစ�မ�� ��က�က��နရတယ�” ဟ� နန��လ�ရ� က ��ပ�သည�။

အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ�� သည� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င�� နယ���မရ�င��လင���ရ� အ��က�င���ပခ�က��ဖင�� စစ�အင�အ�� တ���ခ����န��က�င�� လည���က��က�မ� �ဒသခံမ��� ��ပ��ပခ�က� အရသ�ရသည�။

Page 26 of 37

ထ����ပင� ယမန��န� (ဇ�လ��င� ၁၅)ရက�မနက�ပ��င��တ�င� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ�� မ� �သနတ�ပစ�ခတ��ပ���သဆ�ံ�သ���သည�� လ�ံ�ဆ� ��င�� �သနတ�က�ည�ဆံထ�မ�န�၊ ���က���က�ခံရ ရ��သ��မ���က�� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ�ရန� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ��မ� �က��က�မ��မ ��� ဟ��င��က���က��ရ�� အ�ပ�စ� ပန�က�န�ရ�� က�� သ����ရ�က�ခ��သည�။

ထ��သ��� သ���ရ�တ�င� အ�ရ����မ�က�ပ��င�� စစ�ဌ�နခ��ပ� လက��အ�က�ခံ တပ�မမ�� အဆင��ရ�� အရ�ရ�� မ�����င�� �မ ���နယ� အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ�မ��မ��� လ��က�ပ��ပ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� စစ�အင�အ����င��အတ� လက�နက�မ���လည�� ပ�သ�����က�င��သ�ရသည�။

Photo by �က��က�မ��ဒသခံ

လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ� အရ ၊နယ���မရ�င��လင���ရ�အရ ဟ� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ�� မ� စစ�အင�အ���ဖင�� သ����ကသည��အ�ပင� �သနတ�ပစ�ခတ�ခ��သည��အ�ပ� �ဒသခံမ��� က စ���ရ�မ�ထ�တ�လန��က� ထ�က���ပ� တ�မ���ရ��င��နရ�ခင���ဖစ�သည�။

“ က��န��တ��� ရ��သ���တ�က စစ�တပ�လ��တ�� ��က�က��ကတယ�။ ဒ���က�င�� ဘ�န���က���က��င���တ�မ�� လ�စ��န�က၊ ညအ�ပ��က�ပ��။ တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�မ��က�� စ���ရ�မ�တယ�” ဟ� �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� �ဒသခံ တဦ��ဖစ�သည�� စ��င��ဝင�� က ��ပ�သည�။

ဘ�န���က���က��င��တ�င� သ����ရ�က�ခ��လ�ံ�န�က�သ��လည�� ထမင��က�� �နအ�မ�တ�င��ပန�ခ�က��ပ�� စ���သ�က�က� ဘ�န���က���က��င��သ��� �ပန�ရ��က�င��၊ လယ�ယ� စ��က�ပ����မ� မလ�ပ�ရ��က�င�� လည�� စ��င��ဝင�� က ဆ��သည�။ “ ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၀ ရက� က �က��က�မ��မ ���နယ� အတ�င��ရ�� သ�မ��လ�ထ� ၁�သ�င���က���သည� “ �ပည�သ�က�� သတ�သည�� တပ�မ�တ�� အလ��မရ��” ဟ� ဆ��င��ဘ�တ�က�� က��င��ဆ�င�က �က��က�မ��မ ���အတ�င�� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ��ခ��သည�။

ထ����န�က� အစ���ရတပ�မ� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ��ရ�မ����ပ�လ�ပ�က� စစ�အင�အ��ထပ��ဖည��လ��ခင���ဖစ�သည�ဟ�လည�� �ဒသခံမ��� သ�ံ�သပ�ခ�က� အရ သ�ရသည�။

“ က��န��တ��� ရ��သ���တ� ဆ��ထ�တ��ဖ���ပ���န�က�မ� အစ���ရတပ�ဘက�က အင�အ��ခ���လ�တယ�။ �န�က� တဖက�သက� ပစ�ခတ�တ��တ�လ�ပ�တယ�။ က��န��တ��� အခ� တ��က�ပ���တ� ထပ��ဖစ�မ��စ���ရ�မ��နတယ�” ဟ� စ��င��ဝင�� က ��ပ�သည�။

Photo by �က��က�မ��ဒသခံ

ယခ� အစ���ရတပ�မ�တ�� စစ�အင�အ�� တ���ခ���သည���နရ� �က��ရ���ပည�သ�မ��� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င��နရသည���နရ�သည� အပစ�ခတ�ရပ�စ��ရ� သ�ဘ�တ�ည�စ�ခ��ပ� ( NCA) လက�မ�တ� �ရ�ထ���ထ��သည�� အဖ��� �ဖစ�သည�� RCSS/SSA လ�ပ�ရ���သည���နရ��ဖစ�သည�။

“ အစ���ရတပ��တ� အင�အ��ခ����နသ�ရ���တ�� ထ��တ��မ��တ��ဖစ����င�တယ�။ �န�က� သ�တ���(အစ���ရတပ�) ကပ� တဖတ�သတ�ပစ��နတ�။ NCA က��လည�� သ�တ���ခ�����ဖ�က��နတ�” ဟ� RCSS/SSA ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စဝ�အ�မ��ခ� က သ�မ��သံ�တ��ဆင��က�� ��ပ�သည�။

အစ���ရ တပ�မ�တ�� သည� စစ�အင�အ�� �ဖည��တင��မ���က�င�� ထ��တ��မ�မ��� တ��က�ပ��မ����ဖစ�လ����င���က�င��လည�� ဒ�ဗ��လ�မ���က�� စဝ�အ�မ��ခ� က ��ပ�လ��က�သည�။

Page 27 of 37

ယခ�အခ��န�သည� သ�မ���ပည�သ��မ��အတ�က� လယ�ယ� စ��က�ပ����သည�� အခ��န�က�လ�ဖစ�သ�ဖင�� တ��က�ပ��မ���ထ��တ��မ�မ���မ�ဖစ�ရန�လည�� �က��က�မ��ပည�သ�မ���က ��ပ�ဆ��လ��က�သည�။

https://burmese.shannews.org/archives/17592

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အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� AA �ခ�င���ဆ�င�၏ ည�မ�ဖစ�သ���င�� �ယ�က�ဖ�ဖစ�သ�တ��� အမ�တ�င� လ�မည����ံ�ခ��န��၌ စ��ခ�က�တင�သင�� မသင�� အမ�န��ခ�မည�

Published 16 July 2020 | မ����ထ�န��

အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� AA �ခ�င���ဆ�င�၏ ည�မ��င�� �ယ�က�ဖ�ဖစ�သ�တ���အ�� ��ံ�ခ��န��အ�ပ�� �ခ��ဆ�င�သ���သည�က�� �တ��ရစ�� (ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ-မ����ထ�န��)

အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� တရ��စ��ဆ��ခံထ��ရသည�� AA �ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ�ထ�န���မတ����င�၏ ည�မ မယမင���မတ���င�� �ယ�က�ဖ�ဖစ�သ� က���က������င�တ���အမ�တ�င� လ�မည����ံ�ခ��န��၌ စ��ခ�က�တင�သင�� မသင�� အမ�န��ခ�မ�တ�မည� �ဖစ���က�င�� ဇ�လ��င� ၁၆ ရက� ��ံ�ခ��န��တ�င� ရန�က�န��မ ��� အ�န�က�ပ��င��ခ���င�တရ����ံ� သတင���ပန��က���ရ� အရ�ရ�� ဦ��ဇ���ဇ��ထ�န��က ��ပ��က��သည�။

“ဒ��န� ရန�က�န�အ�န�က�ပ��င��ခ���င� တရ����ံ�မ�� ခ��န��ဆ��ထ��တ�� ရ�ဇဝတ��က�� အမ�အမ�တ� ၁၂၇/၂၀၁၉ အမ�မ�� ဒ��န�မ���တ�� ��စ�ဖက��လ��က�လ�ခ�က� �က��န�ခ��ပ�တယ�။ လ�မည����ံ�ခ��န��မ�� စ�ပ�စ��ခံရသ�မ���အ�ပ� စ��ခ�က�တင� သင�� မသင�� အမ�န��တစ�ရပ� ခ�မ�တ�သ���ပ�မယ�” ဟ� အ�န�က�ပ��င��ခ���င� တရ����ံ� သတင���ပန��က���ရ�အရ�ရ�� ဦ��ဇ���ဇ��ထ�န��က ��ပ��က��သည�။

၎င��အမ�တ�င� တရ��လ��ဘက�က တင�သ�င��ထ��သည�� မ�တ�တမ��ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ��စ�ပ�ံက�� လက�မခံဘ� ပယ�သည�ဟ� အမ�န��ခ�မ�တ�ခ���ပ�� ၎င��မ�တ�တမ��ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ ��စ�ပ�ံတ�င� ပ�ံ (၁) သည� က���က������င���င�� သမ���ဖစ�သ�တ��� AA အဖ���ဝင� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ�����င��အတ� �စ��ဝယ�သ����ရ�က��နသည�� မ�တ�တမ��ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ�ဖစ��ပ�� ပ�ံ (၂) သည� က���က������င���င�� သမ��တ��� AA အဖ���ဝင� ဦ��မ�င��မ�င�စ�����င��အတ� လ�အ�����င�ငံ၊ ထ��င�����င�ငံသ��� �ပန�လည�ဝင��ရ�က�လ�သည�� အ���င�ဗယ�ကတ�သ�ံ�ခ�ပ� မ�တ�တမ��ဓ�တ�ပ�ံတ��� �ဖစ���က�င�� ယခင���ံ�ခ��န��မ���အရ သ�ရ��ရသည�။

ယင��အမ�က�� မ�ခင��စ�မံခန��ခ��မ�အစ�အစ�� (CMP) အရ အစည��အ�ဝ� �ပ�လ�ပ�ခ���ပ�� ဇန�နဝ�ရ� ၃၀ ရက�တ�င� တရ��လ�� အပ�အဝင� တရ��လ���ပသက��သ ၁၂ ဦ�အ�� စတင�စစ��ဆ�ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

အဆ��ပ�အမ�က�� မ�လက မရမ��က�န���မ ��� နယ�တရ����ံ�တ�င� တရ��စ��ဆ��ထ���ခင���ဖစ��ပ�� အမ�၏တရ��လ�� ဒ�ရ�မ��မင��ခ��င�က ရန�က�န�အ�န�က�ပ��င��ခ���င� တရ����ံ�၌ ��ံ���ပ�င��စစ��ဆ��ပ�ရန� �လ��က�ထ��မ�က�� လက�ခံ��က�င�� တရ����ံ�က ၂၀၁၉ ခ���စ� ဒ�ဇင�ဘ� ၁၈ ရက�၌ အမ�န��ခ�မ�တ�ခ����က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ� တ��က�ဖ�က��ရ� ဥပ�ဒ�ဖင�� တရ��စ��ခံထ��ရသည�� က���က������င���င�� မယမင���မတ�တ���အမ�က�� အ�န�က�ပ��င��ခ���င� တရ����ံ�က ရ�ဇဝတ��က�� အမ�အမ�တ� ၁၂၇/၂၀၁၉ �ဖင�� လက�ခံစစ��ဆ�ခ���ပ�� က���က������င���င�� မယမင���မတ�တ���၏ အမ�တ�င� ပ�ဝင��သ� တရ��လ���ပ သက��သအခ����မ�� က���အ�င��မတ��က���တ��� အမ�တ��တ�င� ပ�ဝင��န�ပ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�အရ ပ��မ��စ�တ�ခ�ရန�အတ�က� ��ံ���ပ�င���လ��က�ထ���ခင�� �ဖစ���က�င�� သ�ရသည�။

https://news-eleven.com/article/183094

Page 28 of 37

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တ��က�ပ���ဒသက က�လ�သ�ငယ��တ� ထ�ခ��က�မ� တ��င��က�����င�တ��ဌ�နဖ�င��ဖ��� အစ���ရစ�စ��

�ဝမ�ထ�န�� | 2020-07-17

တ��က�ပ���တ���က�င�� က�လ�ငယ��တ� လက�နက�ထ�မ�န� �သဆ�ံ�တ�၊ ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ�၊ လ�င�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� က���လ�န�ခံရမ��တ� အတ�က� တ��င��က��လ�� လက�ခံ�ရ�ဌ�နဖ�င��ဖ��� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� အစ���ရက စ�စ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က��နပ�တယ�။

အရပ�ဘက�အဖ����တ�က�တ�� ဒ�ဌ�န ထ�ထ��ရ�က��ရ�က� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�လ����င�ဖ��� အ�ရ��က��တယ�လ��� �ထ�က��ပ�ကပ�တယ�။

လ�မ�ဝန�ထမ��၊ ကယ�ဆယ��ရ�န�� �ပန�လည��နရ�ခ�ထ���ရ� �ပည��ထ�င�စ�ဝန��က�� �ဒ�က�တ� ဝင���မတ��အ�က ဥက�� အ�ဖစ� တ�ဝန�ယ��ပ�� က�က�ယ��ရ�န�� �ပည�ထ��ရ�ဝန��က��ဌ�နက တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�ပ�တ�� လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက�အတ�င�� က�လ�သ�ငယ��တ�အ�ပ� �က��မ��တ�� က���လ�န�မ�မ��� က�က�ယ�တ��ဆ���ရ� �က��မတ�က တ��င��က��လ�� လက�ခံ�ရ�ဌ�န ဖ�င��လ�စ����င�ဖ��� ���င�ငံ�တ�� သမ�တ��ံ�ထံ တင��ပထ��ပ�တယ�။

တ��င��က��မ��တ�က�� လက�ခံ�ပ�� စ�စစ�သ���မယ�လ��� ဝန��က��ဌ�နရ�� �ပန�လည�ထ��ထ�င��ရ� ဦ�စ��ဌ�န ��န��က���ရ�မ��ခ��ပ� ဦ�ဝင�����င�ထ�န�� က RFA က����ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“က�န��တ��တ��� အခ� တင��ပထ��ဆ��ပ��။ ဇ�န�လ ၃ ရက��န�ကမ� တင��ပထ��တ��အတ�က� ဒ��လ�က�လ��ပ� ဆ��ရင��တ�� တ��င��က��မ��တ� လက�ခံမယ�။ �ပ��လ���ရ��ရင� သက�ဆ��င�ရ� တ�ဝန�ရ��တ�� အဖ���အစည���တ�န�� က�န��တ��တ��� စ�စစ�တ�မ�����တ� လ�ပ�မယ�။ တစ�ဘက�ကလည�� အသ�ပည��ပ�တ�မ�����တ�က��UN, CTFMR အဖ��� �တ�န�� ပ���ပ�င���ပ�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ�မ�����တ� စ�စ���နပ�တယ� ခင�ဗ�”

�န�က�ဆက�တ�� အ�ရ�ယ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ�� အ�သ�စ�တ�က���တ�� မသ�ရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။

အရင�က ထ��ရ�က�တ�� စ�ံစမ��စစ��ဆ� အ�ရ�ယ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ��တ� မရ��ခ��တ���က�င�� အခ�လ�� တ��င��က�����င�တ�� ယ� �ရ���ပ��ပ�က�လ�ဖ��� အစ���ရစ�စ��တ�က�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ရ� တ��င��ရင��သ���ဒသ အ��ခစ��က� အရပ�ဘက�အဖ����တ�က �က ��ဆ���ကပ�တယ�။

၂၀၁၈ ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လက�န လက�ရ��အခ��န�အထ� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�က ပ�ဏ���က�န��၊ �က��က��တ��၊ မင���ပ��၊ ��မ�က�ဦ�၊ အမ��၊ ရ�သ��တ�င�န�� ဘ��သ���တ�င��မ ���နယ��တ�မ�� တ��က�ပ���တ���က�င�� က�လ�ငယ� ၁၄ ဦ� �သဆ�ံ�ခ���ပ�� ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��သ� ၈၂ ဦ� အထ�ရ��ခ��တယ�လ��� ရခ��င�တ��င��ရင��သ��မ������ယ�စ�မ��� အစည��အ��ံ� REC ရ�� စ�ရင���တ�အရ သ�ရပ�တယ�။

RFA က �က�က�ယ�ထ��တ��စ�ရင��အရ ရခ��င�န�� ခ�င���ပည�နယ�မ�� တ��က�ပ���တ���က�င�� အသက�အရ�ယ� ကန��သတ�ခ�က�မရ��ဘ� အရပ�သ��ထ�ခ��က�သ� စ�စ��ပ�င��က ၅၈၀ �က���ရ���န�ပ�� �သဆ�ံ�သ�က ၂၇၀ �က��� ရ���နပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ���တ��က��မ�� က�လ�ငယ��တ� လ�င�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� က���လ�န�ခံရတ� မ�တ��ရ�သ��ပမယ�� �နအ�မ�၊ စ�သင��က��င��၊ က�လ�ငယ��တ� �ဆ��ကစ��ရ� �နရ��တ�အန��မ�� ပစ�ခတ�မ�၊ �လ��က�င��တ��က�ခ��က�မ��တ���က�င�� �သဆ�ံ�ဒဏ�ရ�ရ�ကတ�၊ သံသယန�� ဖမ��ဆ��စစ��ဆ�ခံရသ��တ�ထ�မ�� က�လ�ငယ��တ�လည�� ပ�ဝင�လ�တ�န�� ��မ�မ�ပ�မ��င��လ�� စစ�သ�ံ�ပစ�ည���တ���က�င�� က�လ��တ�လည�� ထ�ခ��က�ရတ� စတ�� �ဖစ�ရပ��တ� ရ���နတယ�လ��� အရပ�ဘက�အဖ����တ�က ��ပ��ကပ�တယ�။

Page 29 of 37

���င�ငံတက� မ�က����စ�မ���တ�� က�လသမဂ� အတ�င���ရ�မ��ခ��ပ� အန�တ��န�ယ��ဂ�တ�ရက�စ�က က�လ�သ�ငယ�မ���န�� လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက�မ���ဆ��င�ရ� ၂၀၂၀ �ပည����စ� အစ�ရင�ခံစ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��က�� က�လ�စစ�သ�� စ��ဆ�င��မ��ပ�လ�ပ�တ�� လက�နက�က��င�တပ�ဖ���စ�ရင��ထ�က�န ဖယ�ရ���လ��က�တ�က�� �ပန�လည�သ�ံ�သပ�ဖ��� ���င�ငံတက� အဖ���အစည��တခ����က �တ�င��ဆ���န�ကပ�တယ�။

က�လ�စစ�သ�� စ��ဆ�င��မ�စ�ရင��ထ� �ပန�မဝင��အ�င� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က����င�ဖ���လ��တယ�လ��� အခ�လ ၁၀ ရက��န�ကက�င��ပခ��တ�� လက�နက�က��င�ပဋ�ပက�အတ�င�� က�လ�သ�ငယ�မ���အ�ပ� �က��မ��တ��က���လ�န�မ�မ��� က�က�ယ�တ��ဆ���ရ��က��မတ� အစည��အ�ဝ�မ�� ဥက�� �ဒ�က�တ� ဝင���မတ��အ�က ထည��သ�င�� ��ပ�ခ��ပ�တယ�။

တ��က�ပ���တ�အတ�င�� က�လ�ငယ��တ�အ�ပ� �က��မ��တ��က���လ�န�မ��တ�က�� တ��င��က�����င��အ�င� အစ���ရက ဌ�နဖ�င��လ�စ� စ�စ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ�ဟ� ���င�ငံတက�ဖ�အ���တ�က�� �လ���ပ���စ��ံ �ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ�မ���� မ�ဖစ��စလ��ဘ��လ��� အရပ�ဘက�အဖ����တ�က �ထ�က��ပ�ကပ�တယ�။

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�အတ�င��မ���တ�� တ��က�ပ����က�င�� က�လ�ငယ��တ� လ�င�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� က���လ�န�ခံရတ��တ� ရ���နတယ�လ��� တအ�င��အမ����သမ��အဖ���အစည�� TWO ရ�� ��ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ� မ�လ��က�က� က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဒ�ဘက�အပ��င��မ���တ�� �တ���တ��မ���မ���က�တ�� လ�င�ပ��င��ဆ��င�ရ� အ�ကမ��ဖက�မ��တ� �တ��ရတယ�။ မ�ဒ�မ��မ��တ�၊ လ�မ�လည��ပ��မ� က�မရယ�မ��တ� အ�ဒ�မ�����တ�လည�� �တ��ရတယ�။ အသက�မ�ပည���သ�တ�� က�လ�ငယ��တ��ရ� အသက��ပည���ပ��သ��တ��ရ� ရ��တယ�။ �က��ရ���တ�မ�� �တ���တ��မ���မ���က အသက�ငယ�တ�� ၁၈ ��စ��အ�က� က�စ�က�တ�� ပ��မ���တယ�လ��� �မင�တယ��ပ���န��။”

ရ�မ���ပည�နယ�အတ�င�� တ��က�ပ���တ��က�� က�လ�ငယ��တ� က���လ�န�ခံရတ�� အမ��တ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� �က�က�ယ�ထ��တ�� စ�ရင��ဇယ���တ� မရ���သ�ဘ��လ��� သ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

အစ���ရက ဖ�င��လ�စ�မယ��တ��င��က���ရ�ဌ�နဟ� မ�တ�တမ��မ�တ�ရ� ယ���ံသ�ဘ�မ����တင�မဟ�တ�ဘ� �န�က�ထပ� က���လ�န�မ��တ� မ�ဖစ��အ�င� အ�ရ�ယ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�တ��တ� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ဖ���၊ တပ�မ�တ��န�� သက�ဆ��င�တ�� က�စ��တ�က��လည�� အရပ�ဘက�တရ����ံ��တ�ကသ� ဆ�ံ��ဖတ����င��အ�င� စ�စ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���၊ စစ� �ဆ�မ��တ�က�� အရပ�ဘက� အဖ���အစည���တ�န�� ပ���ပ�င���ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� စတ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�မ��တ�ပ� �ပ� �ပ�က�လ�ဖ��� အရပ�ဘက�အဖ����တ�က လ��လ���ကပ�တယ�။

ဝံလက��ဒသဖ�ံ��ဖ ����ရ� �ဖ�င��ဒ�ရ�င�� ဒ����က�တ� ခ��င��က�င��စံ က တ��င��က���ရ�ယ� �ရ��က�� အမ����ပည�သ�သ�ရ���အ�င� က�ယ�က�ယ��ပန���ပန�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���န�� တ��င�တန��သ��တ�ရ�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� တ�ဝန�ယ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� လ��တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဒ�က�သည��တ� စ��ဝ��နထ��င�တ�� ဘ�န���က���က��င���တ�၊ ရပ�ရ���တ�၊ စခန���တ�မ�� တ��င�တန�����င�တ�� ဖ�န��နံပ�တ��တ�၊ လ�ပ�စ�က�� လ�ထ�သ��အ�င�လ�ပ�ဖ���လ��တယ�။ စစ�ဘက�ဆ��င�ရ��တ�က�� တ��င�တ�ပ�မယ�၊ လက�နက�က��င�အင�အ��စ��တ� က���သ��လည���က�င�� တ��င�တန��တ��တ� ပ��က�င��ပ����င�မယ�။ အ��တ�� တ��င�တန���ပ���ပ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� တ��င�တန��သ�ရ�� မ�သ��စ�လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�က��ပ� ထ�န��သ�မ��စ���စ���ပ�ဖ���လ��တ��ပ��။”

တ��က�ပ���တ�အတ�င�� က�လ�သ�ငယ��တ�အ�ပ� �ပစ�မ�က���လ�န�တ��တ�မရ���အ�င� က�က�ယ�တ��ဆ��ဖ��� အစ���ရက စ�စ���ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�� တ��င��က���ရ�ဌ�နဟ� အမ����မ���လင��သလ�� ထ��ရ�က�တ�� အ�ရ�ယ� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ��တ� ရ��လ�မလ��ဆ��တ�က�တ�� �စ�င���ကည��ရဦ�မ�� �ဖစ�ပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/program_2/children-in-conflict-areas-07172020035125.html

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Page 30 of 37

ရ�သ��တ�င�မ�� လက�နက��က��က�ည���က�င�� အရပ�သ��သ�ံ�ဦ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရ

2020-07-17

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� ��မ�က�ပ��င�� �က��က�တန���က��ရ��ဘက�မ�� ရက� ��င��တပ��တ��(AA)န�� တပ�မ�တ��တ��� မ�န�စ�ပ���တ�� တစ��က����ပန�တ��က�ပ���တ� �ဖစ�ပ���ခ��ရ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��ကပစ�ခတ�တ�� လက�နက��က��က�ည��တ���က�င�� အရပ�သ�� သ�ံ�ဦ�ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တယ�လ��� က�ယကံရ�င��တ�န�� �က��ရ��သ���တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ��အန��က �တ�င�တန��မ�� မ�န� မနက�က ရက� ��င��တပ��တ�� (AA) န�� တပ�မ�တ��တ���အ�က�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��သလ�� ဒ��န�မနက�မ��လည�� �အ�င�သ�စည�န�� ထ��စ��ရ���က��မ�� ��စ�ဘက�တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���ခ��တယ�လ��� �ဒသခံ�တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရ�သ��တ�င�အ��ခစ��က� အမ�တ�-၅၃၆၊ ၅၃၇၊ ၅၃၈ တပ�ရင���တ�က�န မ�န�ကန�� ဒ��န��တ�မ�� လက�နက��က�� ပစ�က��တ� �တ�က��လ��က��ပ��န�ပ�� အ�ဒ�လက�နက��က����က�င�� မ�န�က �က��က�တန���က��ရ��မ�� လယ�ထ�န��နတ�� အရပ�သ�� သ�ံ�ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

လက�နက��က��က�ည��တ�ဟ� ထ�န�ယက��နတ�� လယ�က�င���ပင�ထ�မ�� က��ရ�က�လ�ခ��တ�လ��� ��ခဒ��ဆစ�န��မ�� လက�နက��က��အစ ထ�မ�န�ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ���တ�� အသက� ၄၆ ��စ�အရ�ယ� ဦ��မ�င�ခင�လ�က RFA က����ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“မ�န�က လယ�ထ�န�စက�န��လ��နတ�န�� လက�နက��က��က လယ�က�င��ထ� သ�ံ�လ�ံ�က�ပ�တယ�။ န��န���လ�မ��ဆ���တ�� မ�ဖစ��တ��ဘ��ဆ���ပ�� ထ�န�စက��ပ�က�န ဆင����ပ�ဖ��� လ�ပ�ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�အခ��န�မ�� လက�နက��က��က�ည� �န�က�ထပ�တစ�လ�ံ� လ�က�ပ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�က�န လ�င��လ�တ��အစက ဒ��ဆစ�က�� လ�မ�န�သ���တ�ပ�။ ပစ�တ��အခ�က�က�တ�� မ�ရတ�က����င�ဘ��။ အခ�ဒ�မနက�လည�� ပစ��နတယ�။ �အ�င�သ�စည�န�� ထ��စ���က��မ�� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��နတ�။ ဒ�မနက� ၈ န�ရ�ဝန��က�င��လ�က�က�န �ဖစ��န�ကတ�”

ဒဏ�ရ�ရသ��တ�ထ�က �န�က�ထပ���စ�ဦ�က�တ�� အသက� ၄၁ ��စ�အရ�ယ� ဦ��မ�င�လ� န�� အသက� ၄၅ ��စ�အရ�ယ� ဦ�ဦ��က���သန��တ����ဖစ�တယ�လ��� �က��ရ��သ��တစ�ဦ��ဖစ�သ� ဦ��အ��မ�င�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“ဦ��မ�င�လ�န�� ဦ�ဦ��က���သန��က ရ��ထ�က�� လက�နက��က���တ� တဖ�န��ဖ�န��က�လ�လ��� ဘ�န���တ���က�� �က��င��ထ�က�� ဝင���ပ��ကတ�။ အ�ဒ�အခ��န�မ�� လက�နက��က��က ဘ�န���တ���က���က��င��ထ�က�� က�လ�တယ�။ အ�ဒ�လ��ဝင���ပ�တ��အခ��န�မ�� အစ�တ� ထ�မ�န�သ���တ�။ ဘ�န���တ���က���က��င��ထ�မ��လည�� မ�န�တ��င�က ပ�င��ထ�က�သ���တယ�။ �က��င��ထရံ�တ�လည�� ပ�င��ထ�က�သ���တယ�။ �ခ�င�မ����တ�လည�� ပ�က�စ��သ���တယ�။”

�က��က�တန���က��ရ��သ���တ�ဟ� တ��က�ပ���တ���က�င�� ရ��လ�ံ�က�တ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ�က�� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င�သ����က�ပ�� အခ�မ���တ�င�� စပ��ထ�န�ယက�စ��က�ပ����ရ�သ�မ�� တ��က�ပ���တ�မရ��တ��အခ��န� အသက�စ�န���ပ�� လယ�ယ��တ�က�� လ��ရ�က�ထ�န�ယက��န�ကတ�� �က��ရ��သ�� ၁၀ �ယ�က��က����လ�က�ရ��တယ�လ��� သ�ရပ�တယ�။

လ��ရ�က�ထ�န�ယက�ဖ��� �က ���စ���နရ�က�န မ�န�က မနက�က လက�နက��က��က�ည� ��က�င�� လ� သ�ံ�ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တ��အတ�က� အ��လ�ံ��ပန�ထ�က���ပ�လ��ကရတယ�လ��� �က��ရ��သ���တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

မ�န�က တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ�� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ��ဘက�က �တ�င�တန���တ�ရ��တ���နရ��တ�က�� တပ�မ�တ��က ရဟတ�ယ���သ�ံ��ပ�� ဗ�ံ��က�တ��က�ခ��က�တ��တ� ရ��ခ��တယ�လ���လည�� �ဒသခံမ�က��မင��တ�က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ�က အမ����သ��လ�တ��တ�� က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� ဦ�ခင��မ�င�လတ�က အခ�အခ��န�ဟ� စပ�� စ��က�ပ����ရ�သ��ဖစ�တ���က�င�� လက�နက�က��င�အဖ����တ�အ�နန�� �ဒသခံအရပ�သ���တ�က�� မထ�ခ��က��အ�င� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ဖ���လ��တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 31 of 37

“အ�ဒ��ဒသမ�� ပ�ဝင�တ��က�ခ��က��ကတ�� အဖ���အစည���တ�အ�နန�� �ဒသခံ�တ�ရ��လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�၊ ���င�ငံသ��အခ�င�� အ�ရ�က�� မထ�ပ��ဖ���လ��တယ�။ �န�က��ပ�� အခ�က ဆန�စပ�� ဝမ��စ�ထ�တ�လ�ပ�တ��အခ��န��ဖစ�လ��� ဒ�လ�ပ�ငန���တ�က��လည�� မထ�ခ��က�ဖ���လ��တယ�။ �န�က��ပ���တ�� ���င�ငံတက�မ�� က�င��သ�ံ�တ�� ထ��တ��တ��က�ခ��က�မ� ဆ��င�ရ� ROE စည��မ����စည��ကမ���တ� ရ��တယ�။ ဒ��တ�က��လည�� လ��က�န�ဖ���လ��တယ�။ ���င�ငံတက�ကလည�� ဒ�က�စ��တ�က�� မ�က���ခမ�ပတ� �စ�င���ကည���နတ�ရ��တယ�။ အစ���ရအ�နန��က�တ�� က��ယ��ခ�င���ပ�မ�န��န��လ�ပ�တ��အတ�က� ပ���ပ���တ�� တ�ဝန�ရ��တယ�”

အ���အ�မ�စ�န��ခ��ထ�က���ပ��န�ကရတ�� စစ��ဘ�ဒ�က�သည��တ�က�� အစ���ရက လ�ံ�လ�က�တ�� စ��နပ�ရ�က���တ� မ�ပ�တ���က�င�� �ဒသခံ�တ�ဟ� စ��နပ�ရ�က��အတ�က� �က ���ပမ���န�ကရတ�လ���လည�� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �က��က�တန���ဒသမ�� မ�န�ကစ�ပ�� တ��က�ပ���တ��ဖစ��နတ�� အ��ခအ�န�တ�န��ပတ�သက�လ��� ရက� ��င��တပ��တ��(AA) က�� RFA က ဆက�သ�ယ��မ��မန��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ AA ��ပ�ခ�င��ရသ� ခ��င�သ�ခက မ�န�က �န�လယ� ၁ န�ရ�ခ��မ�� �အ�င�သ�စည�န�� �က��က�တန��ရ��တစ�ဝ��က�န�� �က���နရ��တ�က�� ရဟတ�ယ���တစ�စ�� �ပ�က�န စက��သနတ��တ�န�� တ��က�ခ��က�ခ��လ��� လယ�က�င��ထ�မ�� အလ�ပ�လ�ပ��နသ��တ� ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��န�ထ�လည�� အစ���ရတပ�က အ�ဒ��နရ�တစ�ဝ��က�က�� ထ���စစ�ဆင��နတ��အတ�က� တ��က�ပ���တ� ဆက��ဖစ��နတယ�လ��� ဆ��ပ�တယ�။ AA အ�နန�� က��ဗစ�က�လမ�� တ��က�ပ���တ�က��ရပ�ထ��မယ�လ��� ထ�တ��ပန�ထ���ပမယ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ဘက�က ထ���စစ�ဆင�လ��� တ��က�ပ���တ�ဆက��ဖစ��နရတ��ဖစ���က�င��န�� စစ�တပ�ကသ� ထ���စစ�က��ရပ�မယ�ဆ��ရင� အခ� လက�ရ���ဖစ��နတ��တ��က�ပ���တ� လ�ံ�ဝရပ�သ������င�တယ�လ���လည�� ခ��င�သ�ခက ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

တပ�မ�တ��သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���က�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��စစ���က�င���တ�ဟ� ရ�သ��တ�င�-ဘ��သ���တ�င� ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�လမ���ပန�ပ�င��ဖ���န�� ရ��သ�ရ��သ���တ�က�� ကယ�တင�ဖ��� အ�ကမ��ဖက����မ�နင��မ�စစ�ဆင��ရ�(Counter Terrorism Operation) က�� အ�ဒ��ဒသမ�� မ�န�ကစတင��ပ�� လ�ပ��ဆ�င��နတ�လ��� မ�န�ကထ�တ��ပန�ထ��ပ�တယ�။

ဒ�စစ�ဆင��ရ���က�င�� �က��က�တန��ရ��မ�� မ�န�က အရပ�သ�� သ�ံ�ဦ� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရခ��တ�၊ လက�နက��က��က�ည��တ�ဟ� �က��ရ��ထ�န�� ဘ�န���တ���က���က��င��က�� က��ရ�က�တ� စတ��က�စ��တ�န��ပတ�သက�လ��� တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���က�� RFA က အ�က�မ��က�မ� ဆက�သ�ယ��မ��မန��ခ���ပမယ�� အခ�သတင�� ��ကည��နတ�� အခ��န�ထ� ဆက�သ�ယ�လ��� မရ�သ�ပ�ဘ��။

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �က��က�တန��န�� အန��တစ�ဝ��က��က��ရ���တ�မ�� နယ���မရ�င��လင���ရ��ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ���ရ��တယ� ဆ���ပ�� ဇ�န�လ ၂၄ ရက��န�က �က��ရ���ပ�င�� ၄၀ �က���က �ဒသခံ�တ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ�က���ရ��င�တ�မ��ဖ��� အစ���ရက ��န��က��ခ���ပ���န�က� �ဒသခံ ��စ��သ�င��ခန�� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ�က�� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င�ခ���ကရပ�တယ�။

ဇ�န�လ ၂၆ ရက��န�မ�� အ�ဒ���န��က��စ�က�� �ပန���ပ�သ�မ��ခ���ပမယ�� စစ�ဆင��ရ�က���တ�� ဆက�လက��ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ���ဖစ���က�င�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�အစ���ရအဖ��� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�န�� နယ�စပ��ရ�ရ�ဝန��က�� ဗ��လ�မ���က�� မင��သန��က RFA က�� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

RFA က စ��ဆ�င��ရရ��ထ��တ�� အခ�က�အလက��တ�အရ ရခ��င���မ�က�ပ��င��န�� ခ�င���ပည�နယ� ပလက�ဝ�မ ���နယ��တ�မ�� �ပ��ခ��တ�� ၂၀၁၈ ဒ�ဇင�ဘ�လက�န မ�န�က ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၆ ရက��န�အထ� �သဆ�ံ�တ�� အရပ�သ�� ၂၇၃ ဦ�န�� ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ�ရတ�� အရပ�သ�� ၅၈၆ ဦ�အထ� ရ���နပ�တယ�။

https://www.rfa.org/burmese/news/three-injured-in-rathedaung-07172020085314.html

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Page 32 of 37

ရ�သ��တ�င��ဒသတဝ��က� တပ�မ�တ��က စစ�ဆင��ရ� အ�ပင��အထန�လ�ပ��န

17 ဇ�လ��င�၊ 2020 | က�����င�က�န��အ�န�

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��က စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ� ဆင�����နတ��အ��က�င�� ��ကည�ခ���ပ���န�က� ဒ�က�န�အထ� တ��က�ပ���တ� �ပင��ထန��နတ��အ��က�င�� ��ပ��ပပ�မယ�။ ဗ��အ���အ�မန�မ�ပ��င��သတင���ထ�က� က�����င�က�န��အ�န�က သတင���ပ�ပ���ထ��ပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�၊ �က��ရ��တခ�တ�င� �တ��ရသည�� လ�ံ�ခ�ံ�ရ�တပ�ဖ���ဝင�တခ����။ (�အ�က�တ��ဘ� ၀၃၊ ၂၀၁၃)

ရ�သ��တ�င�က�န �က��က�တန��၊ ဖ�န����လ�ပ�န�� ဘ��သ���တ�င��မ ����တ�က�� ဆက�သ�ယ�ထ��တ�� လမ����က�င���တ�က�� ပ�တ�ဆ���ထ��တ�� AA ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���က�� ရ�င��လင��ဖ��� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ� ဆင�����န��က�င�� တပ�မ�တ��က သတင��ထ�တ��ပန��ပ�� �န�က�တ�န��ဖစ�တ�� ဒ��န�အထ� တ��က�ပ���တ� ဆက�လက� �ဖစ�ပ����နတ�ပ�။

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �က��က�တန��န�� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ��ဘက�မ�� ဒ�က�န�လည�� တ��က�ပ���တ� ဆက��ဖစ��န��က�င�� AA ��ပ�ခ�င��ရ ခ��င�သ�ခက အတည��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“�က��က�တန��န�� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ��ဘက�မ�� မ�န�က တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�တ���နရ�ဘက�က�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�က�တ�� ဒ��န�မ��လည�� ထပ��ပ���တ�� ထ���စစ�ဆင�တ��က�ခ��က��နတ� ရ��တယ�ဗ�။ ဒ��ပမ�� တ��က�ပ��ရ��အ�သ�စ�တ�န�� ထ�ခ��က�က�ဆ�ံ�မ�အ��ခအ�န�တ�� က��န���လ��လ�ဆယ�မသ�ရ�သ�ဘ��။”

�က��က�တန��န�� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ���တ�အန�� ဒ�က�န� တ��က�ပ���ဖစ�ပ���တ�� အ��ခအ�နန�� ပတ�သက�လ��� �အ�င�သ�စည�ရ��သ�� တဦ�ကလည�� အခ�လ�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��နတယ�။ ရင�ဆ��င�တ��က�ပ���ဖစ��န�ကတယ�လ��� �တ���တ���ပင��ထန�တယ�။ ဒ��န� ၁၂ န�ရ��လ�က�မ�� �ဖစ�တယ�။ လက�နက��က��န�� ပစ�တ�က ရ�သ��တ�င� ၉ န�ရ��လ�က�ကပစ��နတယ�။ အခ�လည�� လက�နက��က���တ�န�� ပစ��နတယ�။”

စစ�ဆင��ရ�အ��ခအ�နန�� တ��က�ပ��အ��ခအ�နက�� သ�ရ��ဖ��� တပ�မ�တ����ပ��ရ�ဆ��ခ�င��ရ��သ�က�� ဆက�သ�ယ�ခ���ပမ�� မရခ��ပ�ဘ��။

တပ�မ�တ��က နယ���မရ�င��လင���ရ�လ�ပ�ဖ��� ရ��တ���က�င�� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ� �က��က�တန��န�� အန��ဝန��က�င� �က��ရ���တ�က �ဒသခံ�တ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ� တ�မ���ရ��င�ဖ��� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�အစ���ရက�န �ပ��ခ��တ��လထ� ��န��က��ခ�က� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ���ပမ�� ဇ�န�လ ၂၆ ရက��န�မ�� �ပန���တ�သ�မ��ခ���ပမ��လ� မ�န�က အ�ဒ�နယ���မအတ�င�� အ�ကမ��ဖက����မ�နင��မ� စစ�ဆင��ရ� လ�ပ��ဆ�င�ဖ��� တပ�မ�တ��ဘက�က ထပ�မံထ�တ��ပန�လ��က�တ�ပ�။ တပ�မ�တ��ရ�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က� အ�ပ�မ���တ�� AA အဖ��� ��ပ�ခ�င��ရ ခ��င�သ�ခက အခ�လ��တ�န���ပန���ပ�ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

“�မန�မ�စစ�တပ�ရ��ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�က�တ�� �ခ�င��စ��ကသ�တ��� ဘယ�လ��ပ� ��ပ�င����ပ�င���ပ���န��။ တကယ����မ�ပင�မ�� လ�ပ��နတ�� အ��စ�သ�ရက�တ�� ဘ�မ���ပ�င��လ�မ� မရ��ဘ��ဗ�။ သ�တ��� အရင�တ�န��ကသ�ံ��နတ�� Clear Land Operation �ပ���န��။ ဒ�ဟ�က�� ���င�ငံတက�က�န�ပ���တ�� အမ����က�� �ပစ�တင���တ�ခ�မ��တ� ပ��လ�တ��အခ�က��တ�� သ�တ���ကဒ�ဟ�က�� �ခ�င��စ����ပ�င��လ��က�တ�� သ�ဘ�ပ�ပ�။”

မ�န�တ�န��က �အ�င�သ�စည�န�� �က��က�တန���က��ရ��ဘက� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�န�� AA အဖ���တ��� တ��က�ပ���ပင��ထန��ဖစ�ပ���ခ���ပ�� စစ�တပ�ဘက�က ရဟတ�ယ���တစ��န�� ပစ�ခတ�ခ��ရ�မ�� အမ����သမ��တဦ�န�� လယ�ထ�န��နတ���က��က�တန��ရ��သ�� သ�ံ� ဦ�ထ�ခ��က�ဒဏ�ရ� ရရ��ခ��တယ�လ���လည�� �ဒသခံ�တ�က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 33 of 37

�က��ရ��အ�ပ�ခ��ပ��ရ�အဖ���ဝင� တဦ�က�တ�� တပ�မ�တ��က �န�က�ထပ�စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ���က�င�� �ဒသခံ�တ� ဒ�က��ရ�က�မ�� စ���ရ�မ�တယ�လ���လည�� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“�ဒသခံ�တ�အတ�က� ဆ���က����သက��ရ�က�မ� ရ��တ��ပ���န��။ စစ��ရ��င��တ�ကလည�� ပ��မ���လ�မ��ပ�။ �ပ��လ���ရ��ရင�လ�စ�လ��ဝ� က��စက�လ�ယ�မ�� Corona ဗ��င��ရပ�စ�တ���ကလည�� တမ� ���။ မ���ရ�သ� လယ�သမ���တ�မ��လည�� စပ���တ�ဘ��တ�လည�� မစ��က�ရ တလ�ံ�မ�လည�� မစ��က�ရ ဒ�ဘက�မ�� ဆ��ရင�။”

�ပ��ခ��တ�� ဇ�လ��င�လ ၁၃ ရက��န�က ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ�ခ��န�ခ�လ��က��ရ��ဘက� �ဖစ�ပ���တ�� တ��က�ပ��မ�� အရပ�သ�� ��စ� ဦ� �သဆ�ံ�ခ���ပ�� သ�ံ� ဦ�ဒဏ�ရ� ရရ��ခ��သလ�� ဒ�ံ�ပ��က�န�� ခ��န�ခ�လ�ရ��သ���ထ�င�ခ��ီ �နရပ�က�န တ�မ���ရ��င��နရပ�တယ�။

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�မ�� �မန�မ�စစ�တပ�န�� ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���တ��� လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက��တ�အတ�င�� အရပ�သ���တ� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရတ�၊ ထ�ခ��က��သဆ�ံ�တ��တ� ပ��မ��မ��� �ပ��လ��နပ�တယ�။

တ��က�ပ���တ� �ပင��ထန�လ��နတ��အတ�က� �ဒသခံ�တ� စ��နပ�ရ�က���ပတ�လပ�မ��တ�န�� အ���အ�မ�စ�န��ခ�� ထ�က���ပ�ရတ�� အ��ခအ�န�တ� ပ��ဆ���လ�မ�� စ���ရ�မ���က�င��လည�� ���င�ငံတက� အက�အည��ပ��ရ�အဖ��� ၂၀ က မ�က��သ�ခင�ကပ� သတ��ပ�ထ��တ�ပ�။

ဒ��အ�ပင� COVID-19 က��စက��ရ�ဂ��ဖစ�ပ����နဆ�က�လမ�� လက�နက�က��င�ပဋ�ပက��တ��လ���ခ�ဖ��� က�လသမဂ�အတ�င�� �ရ�မ��ခ��ပ�က�န တ��က�တ�န��မ��တ� ရ���န�ပမ�� ရခ��င��ဒသအတ�င��မ���တ�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ��နဆ�အ��ခအ�နမ�� ရ���နပ�တယ�။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/rakhine-conflict/5506727.html

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ရခ��င�စစ�ဆင��ရ���က�င�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ� တ���လ�မ�� လ�ပ�ရ���သ��တ� စ���ရ�မ�

17 ဇ�လ��င�၊ 2020 | �ဇ��ထက�

တ��က�ပ����က�င�� အ���အ�မ�စ�န��ထ�က���ပ�ရ�ပ�� �စတ�ဝန��ထ�တ�င� ခ��လ�ံ�နရသည�� � မ �� တ��င��ရင��သ��တခ����။ (ဇန�နဝ�ရ� ၂၅၊ ၂၀၁၉)

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�မ�� AA ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���အ�ပ� စစ�ဆင��ရ�လ�ပ��နတ��အ��က�င�� တပ�မ�တ��က ��ကည�လ��က�တ��အ�ပ� �ပည�တ�င���ပည�ပ လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�အဖ����တ� စ���ရ�မ��နတ��အ��က�င��က�� ဗ��အ���အ�မန�မ�ပ��င��သတင���ထ�က� က���ဇ��ထက�က ��ပ��ပပ�မယ�။

ရခ��င���မ�က�ပ��င�� ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ�ထ�မ�� AA ရခ��င�လက�နက�က��င�အဖ���ရ�� အ�ကမ��ဖက� လ�ပ�ရပ��တ�က�� ���မ�နင��မယ�� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ� ဆင�����န��က�င�� တပ�မ�တ��က မ�န�တ�န��ကပ� ��ကည�လ��က�တ��အတ�က� �န�က�ဆက�တ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� �ပဿန��တ� �ပ��ပ�က�လ�မ�� စ���ရ�မ�တ�� သ�ဘ�ထ���တ� ထ�က��ပ�လ�တ�ပ�။ တပ�မ�တ�� သတင��မ�န��ပန��က���ရ�အဖ���က�တ�� AA အဖ���က �ဒသတ�င��မ�� အ��ခစ��က��ပ�� အ�ကမ��ဖက�လ�ပ�ရ����နတ��တ�က�� ရ�င��လင��ဖ��� ရည�ရ�ယ�ခ�က�န�� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ�လ�ပ��န��က�င�� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��တ�ပ�။ ဒ��ပမ��လည�� ���င�ငံတက� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�လ�ပ�ရ���မ� အဖ���တခ��ဖစ�တ�� Human Rights Watch ရ�� အ�ရ��ရ�ရ� လက��ထ�က���န��က���ရ�မ�� Phil Robertson က�တ�� ဒ���ပ�ဆ��ခ�က�ဟ� လက�ခံ���င�စရ� မရ��ဘ��လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

Page 34 of 37

"ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�က အရပ�သ���တ�အ�ပ� ��မလ�န�စနစ�က�င��သ�ံ�ဖ��� ဆင���ခ�ပ��နတ��တ�က�� �မန�မ�အစ���ရကလည�� အက�အက�ယ��ပ�ဖ��� �က ���စ���နတ�က �ပဿန�ပ�။ ဒ�ဟ�လက�ခံ���င�စရ�လည�� မဟ�တ�ပ�ဘ��။"

တပ�မ�တ��ရ�� ထ�တ��ပန�ခ�က�မ���တ�� AA အဖ���က ပ�တ�ဆ���ထ��တ�� ဆက�သ�ယ��ရ�လမ����က�င���တ�က�� ရ�င��လင��ဖ���၊ အရပ�သ���တ�က�� ကယ�တင�ဖ��� ရည�ရ�ယ�တ�� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ� အ�ဖစ�န��လည�� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ��လည�� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ���က�င�� အရပ�သ���တ� လ�ံ�ခ�ံမ�မရပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ�န��သ� �န�က�ဆက�တ�� �က�ံရမ��က�� စ���ရ�မ���က�င�� ည�မ��ခင���မန�မ� ဒ����က�တ� ဦ��အ�င�မ����မင��က ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"ရခ��င��ဒသမ�� လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက�န��ပတ�သက�လ��� သက�ဆ��င�တ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ�ခ�����ဖ�က�မ� နဂ��ကတည��က ရ��ထ���ပ��သ��ပ�။ အခ�လ��အ��ခအ�နမ����မ�� ထ���စစ�ဆင�မယ�ဆ��တ��က�စ�က�� �ကည��တ��အခ�မ�� �န�က�ထပ� စစ�ပ��ဆ��င�ရ�၊ ပဋ�ပက�ဆ��င�ရ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ� ထပ�မံ�ပ�� �ဖစ�လ����င�တယ�လ��� က��န��တ��� စ���ရ�မ�မ�ပ�တယ�။"

ရ�သ��တ�င��မ ���နယ�မ�� တပ�မ�တ��က စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ� လ�ပ�မ�� �ဖစ�တ���က�င�� �ဒသခံ�က��ရ��က အရပ�သ���တ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ� တ�မ���ရ��င�ဖ��� မ�က��သ�ခင�က ရခ��င�အစ���ရက ��န��က��ခ�က�ထ�တ��ပန�ရ�မ�� �ပည�တ�င���ပည�ပက စ���ရ�မ�သံ�တ� ထ�က��ပ�ခ���ပ���န�က� �ပန�လည���ပ�သ�မ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။ ဒ��ပမ��လည�� ��န��က��ခ�က���က�င�� �ထ�င�န��ခ��တ�� �ဒသခံ�တ� ထ�က���ပ�တ�မ���ရ��င�ခ���ကသလ�� တ��က�ပ���တ�လည�� ဆက�လက� �ဖစ�ပ����နတ�ပ�။ လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက��တ���က�င�� �န�က�ဆက�တ�� �ပ��ပ�က�လ�မယ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� �ပဿန��တ�ဟ� လတ�တ�လ� ICJ ���င�ငံတက� တရ����ံ�မ�� အမ�ရင�ဆ��င��နရတ�� �မန�မ����င�ငံအ�ပ� ���င�ငံတက�က ပ���ပ��အ���ံစ��က�လ�လ�မ��မယ�လ���လည�� HRW အဖ���က Phil Robertson က��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

"ပကတ�အ��ခအ�နမ�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�က အရပ�သ���တ�အ�ပ� က���လ�န�တ��လ�ပ�ရပ��တ�က�� ���င�ငံတက�က အ���ံစ��က�လ�မယ� ဆ��တ�က�တ�� �သခ��ပ�တယ�။ အခ�အခ��န�မ�� အ��ခအ�နက�� အင�မတန�မ� န��န��ကပ�ကပ� �စ�င���ကည���န�ကပ�တယ�။ ဒ���က�င��လည�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�က လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� တပ�မ�တ��အ�နန�� တ�ဝန�ခံမ�ရ���အ�င� �တ�င��ဆ��မ��တ�လည�� ဆက�ရ���နမယ�ဆ��တ�က�တ�� သံသယ�ဖစ�စရ� မရ��ပ�ဘ��။ "

ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�က လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက��တ���က�င�� �ထ�င��သ�င��ခ��တ�� �ဒသခံ�တ� �ဘ�လ�တ�ရ� တ�မ���ရ��င��န�ကရသလ�� အရပ�သ���တ� ထ�ခ��က��သဆ�ံ�မ��တ�၊ ဥပ�ဒမ�� ဖမ��ဆ��မ��တ�န�� ဖမ��ဆ��ခံရစ�� �သဆ�ံ�မ��တ�အ�ပ�မ��လည�� ���င�ငံတက�န�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� လ�ပ�ရ���သ��တ� အ���ံစ��က��န�ကတ�ပ�။ ဒ�လ��အ��ခအ�နမ�� စစ�ဆင��ရ��တ�န��အတ� �န�က�ဆက�တ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ� �ပဿန��တ� �ပ��ပ�က�လ�ခ��မယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� ���င�ငံတက� အ���ံစ��က�မ��တ� ပ��အ���က�င��လ����င�တယ�လ���လည�� ဦ��အ�င�မ����မင��က သ�ံ�သပ�ပ�တယ�။

"နဂ��ကတည��က ရ���ပ��သ�����င�ငံတက�ရ�� အ���ံစ��က�မ�က၊ အခ� ထ���စစ�ဆင�မယ�ဆ��တ�� အတ�က���က�င��မ��� ဒ�အထ�မ�� တခ�ခ�သ�ထပ��ပ���တ�� မ���ယ�င��မ��ဖစ�လ�ရင� ပ���ပ���တ�� ���င�ငံတက�ရ�� အ���ံစ��က�မ�က ပ���ပ���က��ထ���လ�ပ�လ�မ��မယ�။"

�မန�မ����င�ငံဆ��င�ရ� က�လသမဂ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� အထ��က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ� အသစ��ဖစ�တ�� Thomas Andrews ကလည�� ရခ��င��ပည�နယ� အပ�အဝင� တ��င��ရင��သ�� �ဒသ�တ�မ�� လက�နက�က��င� ပဋ�ပက��တ� �ပ��ပ�က��နတ��အ�ပ� စ���ရ�မ���က�င�� ဒ�သ�တင��ပတ�ထ�မ��ပ� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ��က�င�စ�မ�� ��ပ��က��ခ��တ�ပ�။ ရခ��င��ပည�နယ�မ�� စစ��ရ�တင��မ�မ��တ� တ���လ�တ�န��အမ� �န�က�ဆက�တ�� လ��အခ�င��အ�ရ� ခ�����ဖ�က�မ��တ�၊ စ�န�မ�အက�အည��ပ��ရ�ဆ��င�ရ� အက�ပ�အတည���တ� �က�ံရမ��က�� စ���ရ�မ���က�င��လည�� က�လသမဂ�န�� ���င�ငံတက� အက�အည��ပ��ရ� အဖ���အစည���တ� မ�က��သ�ခင�ကပ� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ���ကပ�တယ�ခင�ဗ��။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/rakhine-conflict/5506895.html

Page 35 of 37

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�ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�တ�လပ�မ �တဖ��� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� အ�မခံ

17 ဇ�လ��င�၊ 2020 | အ�မ��သ� ��ထ�န��

�ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�န�� အရပ�ဘက�လ�မ�အဖ���အစည��မ����တ��ဆ�ံပ��က�င��ပတ���မင� က�င��။ (ဓ�တ�ပ�ံ - MOI - ဇ�လ��င� ၁၇၊ ၂၀၂၀)

၂၀၂၀ �ရ���က�က�ပ��က�� လ�တ�လပ�မ�တ�အ�င� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�လ��� �ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�က ဒ�က�န� လ�ထ�အ��ခ�ပ�အဖ���အစည���တ�န�� �တ��ဆ�ံရ�မ�� ထပ�မံဂတ��ပ�လ��က�တ��အ��က�င�� ��ပ��ပပ�မယ�။ ဗ��အ���အ�မန�မ�ပ��င��သတင���ထ�က� မအ�မ��သ� ��ထ�န��က တင��ပ�ပ�ပ�မယ�။

�ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��န�� ပတ�သက�လ��� �ဝဖန�ခံ�နရတ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� �က��မရ�င�က ���၀င�ဘ�လထ� က�င��ပမယ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��မ�� လ�တ�လပ�မ�တမ�ရ���အ�င� �က ���ပမ��သ���မယ��အ��က�င�� ဂတ��ပ�လ��က�သလ��၊ လ�ထ�အ��ခ�ပ� အဖ���အစည���တ� ပ���ပ�င�� က�ည��ကဖ���လည�� တ��က�တ�န��လ��က�ပ�တယ�။ COVID-19 ကပ��ရ�ဂ�က�လ ကန��သတ�မ��တ��က�� �ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ� �ကန���က��နခ��န�မ�� �ဝဖန�သံ�တ� ထ�က��ပ��န�ပမ�� အမ���လက�ခံ���င�တ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ���ဖစ��အ�င� �က ���စ��မယ��အ��က�င�� �က��မရ�င�ဥက�� ဦ�လ�သ�န��က �န�ပည��တ��မ�� ဒ�က�န� လ�ထ�အ��ခ�ပ�အဖ���အစည���တ�က က��ယ�စ��လ�ယ��တ�န�� �တ��ဆ�ံရ�မ�� ��ပ�ဆ��လ��က�တ�ပ�။

“က��န��တ���က �ရ���က�က�ပ��က�� စံ ၅ ခ�က�န�� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မယ�။ စံ ၅ ခ�က�န�� �ပည��စ�ံ�အ�င�လည�� CSOက မ�သ��စ�လ�ပ�ငန��သဖ�ယ� ဝင�လ�ပ�ဖ���လ��တယ�။ ဒ���က�င��မ��� ဒ�လ��မ� မဟ�တ�ဘ� လမ����က�င��လ���ပ���တ�� ဒ� UEC က��ပ� မသက��တ�� ပ�ံစံန�� �စ�င���ကည���ပ���တ�� အခ�က�အလက� လ��က�ရ���နမယ�ဆ��ရင��တ�� ဆရ�တ��� က��န��တ��� လ�ပ�ငန���တ�က ထပ�တ�က�မ�� မဟ�တ��တ��ဘ��။ က��န��တ���က �ပည�သ�က�� အ�မခံပ�တယ�။”

�ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ�� အ�ရ��က��တ�� အခမ��က�မ��ရ���နတ�� �က��မရ�င�အ�နန�� မ�တ�အ�င� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�ဖ��� ပ�က�က�က��နတယ�ဆ���ပ�� �ဝဖန�မ��တ� ထ�က��ပ��နတ��တ�က��လည�� �က��မရ�င�ဥက��က တ�န���ပန���ပ�ဆ��သ���ပ�တယ�။ အထ��သ�ဖင�� အ�ဏ�ရ အမ����သ��ဒ�မ��က�ရစ� အဖ���ခ��ပ� (NLD) ပ�တ�ရ�� စည����ံ��ရ�လ�ပ�ငန���တ�မ�� လ�တ�လပ��ရ��ခ�င���ဆ�င� ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��အ�င�ဆန�� ��ပ�ပ�ံ�တ�က�� သ�ံ��နတ��အ�ပ� ���င�ငံ�ရ�ပ�တ�တခ����က ကန��က�က��နတ�က��လည�� �က��မရ�င�ဥက��က မ�တ�ခ�က��ပ� ��ပ�ဆ��ခ��ပ�တယ�။

“ဗ��လ�ခ��ပ��အ�င�ဆန��က ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င� မဟ�တ�ဘ��။ အမ����သ���ခ�င���ဆ�င� National Leader �မန�မ����င�ငံ�က��တည�ရ���နသ၍ အမ����သ���ခ�င���ဆ�င�ရ��မယ�။ ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င�က အ�ပ�ခ��ပ�တ��က�လ အ�က��အက��ဖစ��နတ��က�လသ� သ�က ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င�၊ ဘ�မ� ခ��ခ���ခ���ခ��မသ�ဘ�န�� ���င�ငံ�ခ�င���ဆ�င�ပ�ံ မသ�ံ�စ���ရ�ဆ���တ�� ဘ�က�� ဆ��လ��တ�လ�။"

�က��မရ�င�ဥက��က �ရ���က�က�ပ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ��မ�� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�န�� လ�တ�လပ�မ�တ�အ�င� �ဆ�င�ရ�က�မ���ဖစ���က�င�� ဂတ��ပ� ထ���ပမ�� စ���ရ�မ�တ�� သ�ဘ�ထ���တ�လည�� ရ���နဆ�ပ�။ �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဆ��င�ရ� �ပည��သ�� လ�ပ�ရ���မ�အဖ��� (PACE) ရ�� အမ��ဆ�င�ဒ����က�တ� စ��င��ရ��က���စ���မင��က�တ�� လက�ရ��အခ��န�အထ� ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ��တ� အ��နည���နဆ��ဖစ�တယ�လ��� ��ပ�ပ�တယ�။

“က��န��တ��� အဓ�က �ဆ�������ဖစ�တ�က �စ�င���ကည���လ�လ�သ�မ���က�င��ဝတ�န�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�မ�� တခ����လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�က�� �ကည��ခ�င��မရတ�၊ အသစ�ထ�တ�လ��က�တ�� လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�ထ�မ�� တခ����လ�ပ�ငန��စ���တ�က �ပန�ပ�မလ��တ��ဘ��။ �ပန�ပ�မလ�တ��အတ�က���က�င�� က��န��တ���က

Page 36 of 37

ပ�င��လင���မင�သ�မ�န�� ပတ�သက�လ���ရ��ရင� ဒ�က စ���ရ�မ�စရ��က�င��တယ�လ���၊ က��န��တ���က အ��ဒ�က�� ��ပ�တ��ပ��။ �က��မရ�င�ရ�� တ�န���ပန�ခ�က�ကက��တ�� ဥပ�ဒမ��ဘ�င�က�စ��တ�၊ �ပ���တ�� မ�ဆ��ရ�င� စ�ရင��န�� ပတ�သက�တ��က�စ�၊ �ရ���က�က�ပ��အ�ငင��ပ���မ� ခ�ံ��ံ�န�� ပတ�သက�တ�� က�စ��တ�ဟ� �စ�င���ကည���လ�လ�သ��တ�ရ�� လ�ပ�ထ�ံ�လ�ပ�နည��ထ�မ�� မပ��ပမယ��လည�� �စ�င���ကည���လလ�ခ�င�� ရပ�တယ�။ ဒ�ဘယ�သ�မဆ�� �စ�င���ကည���လ�လ�ခ�င��ရပ�တယ�ဆ��တ��ဟ�က�� က��န��တ���က အ�မခံခ�က��ပ�တယ�။ က��န��တ��� �မ���လင��တ�က�တ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င�ရ�� အ�မခံခ�က�အတ��င��ပ� လ�ပ��ဆ�င����င� လ�မ��မယ�လ��� က��န��တ��� ထင�ပ�တယ�။”

ကပ��ရ�ဂ���က�င�� အသ���အလ�ကန��သတ�မ��တ� ရ���န�ပမ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��က�� ���ဝင�ဘ�လ ၈ ရက��န�မ�� က�င��ပသ���မယ�လ��� �က��မရ�င�က ��ကည�ထ��ပ�တယ�။ မ�ဆ��နယ���မ�တ�က��လည�� မ�က��သ�ခင�ကပ� �က��မရ�င�က ထ�တ��ပန�ခ���ပ�� ဒ�လ ၂၅ ရက��န�မ�� မ�ဆ��ရ�င�စ�ရင��က��ထ�တ��ပန� သ���မယ�လ���လည�� ��ကည�ထ��ပ�တယ�။

သမ�တ ဦ�ဝင���မင��က�တ�� မ�ဆ��ရ�င� ၃၇ သန���က��� မ��ပ�ခ�င��ရမယ�� �ရ���က�က�ပ��ဟ� လ�တ�လပ�မ�တမ�ရ��ဖ���န�� မ�ဆ��ရ�င��တ�အ��လ�ံ� မ��ပ�ခ�င��ရ�အ�င� �က ���ပမ���ကဖ��� မ�က��သ�ခင�တ�န��ကပ� �န�ပည��တ��မ�� �ပည��ထ�င�စ��ရ���က�က�ပ���က��မရ�င� တ�ဝန�ရ��သ��တ�၊ အစ���ရအဖ��� ၀န��က���တ�န�� �တ��ဆ�ံရ�မ�� ��ပ�ဆ��ထ��ပ�တယ�ရ�င�။

https://burmese.voanews.com/a/myanmar-2020-election-uec/5506768.html

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