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Hawaii Section 309 Assessment and Strategy STATE OF HAWAII SECTION 309 ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY Section 309 Assessment and Strategy FY 2016-2020 Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program Office of Planning Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism State of Hawaii May 2015 STATE OF HAWAII SECTION 309 ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYM LIST ............................................................................................................................................... i INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENTS ..................................................................................................................... 2 ASSESSMENT: PHASE I .................................................................................................................................. 5 Wetlands ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Coastal Hazards ........................................................................................................................................ 9 Public Access ........................................................................................................................................... 18 Marine Debris .......................................................................................................................................... 26 Cumulative and Secondary Impacts ........................................................................................................ 31 Special Area Management Planning ....................................................................................................... 36 Ocean and Great Lakes Resources .......................................................................................................... 40 Energy and Government Facility Siting ................................................................................................... 48 Aquaculture ............................................................................................................................................. 51 ASSESSMENT: PHASE II ............................................................................................................................... 53 Coastal Hazards ...................................................................................................................................... 53 Ocean and Great Lakes Resources .......................................................................................................... 65 STRATEGY .................................................................................................................................................... 69 Probabilistic Tsunami Design Zone Maps for Hawaii .............................................................................. 69 Ocean Resources Management Planning ............................................................................................... 77 5-Year Budget Summary by Strategy ...................................................................................................... 83 SUMMARY OF STAKEHOLDER AND PUBLIC COMMENT ............................................................................. 84 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 86 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................ 88 Appendix A. Coastal Hazards Successes .................................................................................................. 88 Appendix B. Ocean Resources Successes................................................................................................. 90 Appendix C. Public Comment Themes ..................................................................................................... 92 STATE OF HAWAII SECTION 309 ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY ACRONYM LIST AAL Average Annualized Loss ACT Action Team ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers BOEM Bureau of Energy Management BWS Board of Water Supply CDD Community Development District CMPs Coastal Management Programs CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act DAR Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources DBEDT Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism DLNR Department of Land and Natural Resources DOBOR Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Boating and Ocean Recreation DOD Hawaii Department of Defense DOE U.S. Department of Energy DOFAW Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife DOT Department of Transportation ENSO El Nino Southern Oscillation FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency FIRMs Flood Insurance Rate Maps HAR Hawaii Administrative Rules HAZUS-MH Hazards United States Multi-Hazard HCDA Hawaii Community Development Authority HCEI Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative HCRS Hawaii Coral Reef Strategy HCZMP Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program HDOA Hawaii Department of Agriculture HI-EMA Hawaii Emergency Management Agency HI-MDAP Hawaii Marine Debris Action Plan HRS Hawaii Revised Statutes HSCD Hawaii State Civil Defense HTA Hawaii Tourism Authority IBC International Building Code ICAC Interagency Climate Adaptation Committee ICAP Center for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy JTMP Japanese Tsunami Marine Debris MLCD Marine Life Conservation District MOU Memorandum of Understanding NARS Natural Area Reserves NELHA Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority NERRS National Estuarine Research Reserve System NFIP National Flood Insurance Program NOV Notice of Violation NPS National Park Service OP Office of Planning ORMP Ocean Resources Management Plan ACRONYM LIST i STATE OF HAWAII SECTION 309 ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY OTEC Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion SAMP Special Area Management Plan SBCC State Building Code Council SCORP State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan SHMHMP State of Hawaii Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan SLR Sea Level Rise TLESC Tsunami Loads and Effects Subcommittee TOD Transit Oriented Development TSS Total Suspended Solid USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service USGS U.S. Geological Survey ACRONYM LIST ii STATE OF HAWAII SECTION 309 ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY INTRODUCTION The Coastal Zone Enhancement Program encourages state and territorial coastal management programs to strengthen and improve their federally approved coastal management programs in one or more of nine areas. These “enhancement areas” include wetlands, coastal hazards, public access, marine debris, cumulative and secondary impacts, special area management plans, ocean and Great Lakes resources, energy and government facility siting, and aquaculture. The enhancement program was established in 1990 under Section 309 of the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA), as amended. Every five years, states and territories are encouraged to conduct self-assessments of their coastal management programs to determine enhancement opportunities within each of the nine enhancement areas—and to assess the effectiveness of existing management efforts. All State and Territory Coastal Management Programs (CMPs) must complete an approved Assessment and Strategy (A&S) to be eligible for Section 309 funding in FY 2016-2020. This A&S has been prepared in order that the Hawaii Coastal Zone Management Program (HCZMP) may be eligible for Section 309 funding in FY 2016-2020. The A&S report was developed on the basis of research and interviews with resource people. The CZMA places a strong emphasis on public participation and encourages the participation, coordination, and cooperation with and among appropriate local, state, federal and regional groups to help carry out the goals of the CZMA. In keeping with the intent of the CZMA, the A&S is a public document. At the beginning of the A&S development process, the CZM Program identified key stakeholder groups to provide feedback in the form of an informal online survey. The stakeholders provided feedback on what they felt are the high priority enhancement areas, the critical problems related to those priority areas and the greatest opportunities for the HCZMP to strengthen and enhance them. This ensured that the priorities and needs proposed in the assessment and strategy reflect more than just the HCZMP staff opinions. General public participation in the A&S process was also conducted. During the timeframe concurrent with NOAA review of the draft A&S, the HCZMP solicited public participation by posting the draft A&S document on its public website. The public was given the opportunity to review the draft document and submit comments through the website. Public engagement also included notification of HCZMP constituents and community member through existing email lists as well as posting a notice on the State of Hawaii Office of Planning’s Facebook page. In addition, past and present HCZMP directions and initiatives, HCZMP staff capabilities, and HCZMP expertise and core functions were significant factors in the development of the Strategies. Please note: For purposes of clarity when reading this document, we have used color to delineate the difference between the NOAA-provided template for coastal management programs and HCZMP responses. Template
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