Honeywell MULTICS POCKET GUIDE MULTICS'POCKET GUIDE COMMANDS AND ACTIVE COMMANDS AND ACTIVE FUNCTIONS FUNCTI·ONS
SERIES 60 (LEVEL 68) SERIES 60 (LEVEL 68)
SOFTWARE
SUBJECT: Abbreviated Version of Multics Commands and Active Functions
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS: This document is based on the contents of the Multics Programmers' Manual Commands and Active Functions, Order No. AG92.
SOFTWARE SUPPORTED: Multics Software Release 3.1
DATE: Apri11976 CONTENTS PREFACE Page This pocket guide presents an abbreviated version of the commands and active functions described in detail in the Introduction . _ .. __ . _ ...... _ ...... _ . 1 Multics Programmers' Manual Commands and Active Func tions, Order No, AG92. Commands ...... _ ...... 3 Users of this document should be familiar with some of Listed by Function .... _ ...... _ , _ . 5 the concepts and terminology of the Multics System. The Individual Descriptions (Alphabetical) ..... _ . . . . . 8 following Multics user documentation should be consulted: Active Functions ...... 59 Multics Users' Guide Order No. AL40 Listed by Function ...... 60 Multics Programmers' Manual: Individual Descriptions (Alphabetical) ...... 61 Reference Guide Order No. AG91 Commands and Active Functions Order No. AG92 Multics ASCII Character Set...... 73 Subroutines Order No. AG93 Subsystem Writers' Guide Order No. AK92 For detailed information on Multics programming lan guages, refer to the following manuals: APL Users' Guide Order No. AK95 BASIC Order No. AM82 COBOL Reference Manual Order No. AS44 COBOL Users' Guide Order No. AS43 FORTRAN Order No, AJ28 PLjI Language Manual Order No. AG94 PLjI Reference Manual Order No. AM83
© 1976, Honeywell Information Systems Inc. File No.: 1 Ll3 iii user's registered project identifier; a project is an arbitrary set of users grouped together for INTRODUCTION accounting and access control purposes. User id This document is intended to serve as a quick reference access control name of the form Person id and convenient memory aid for the user with some familiarity Project_id.tag; since the tag portion is r~el~ explicitly given, the term User id is often de with Multics command conventions. fined as a Person_id.Project_id pair. This guide presents an abbreviated description of the Multics commands and active functions described in detail in the Multics Programmers' Manual Commands and Active Functions (MPM Commands), Order No. AG92. The com mands are presented in alphabetical order, with each descrip tion showing the proper usage and a list of the control arguments and optional arguments that may be used. Control arguments are only listed; they are not defined in detail in this document. The reader is expected to be familiar with the Multics command environment conventions. The following terms are defined here and are not explained at each occurrence in this document. If the reader needs more information on termi nology than is given here, he should refer to "Glossary of Multics Terms" in Section I of the Multics Programmer's Manual Reference Guide, Order No. AG91.
ACL access control list; it describes who may access a~ entry in the Multics storage system and in what way (see modes below). modes access identifiers; used to define the kind of access a user has to a storage system entry. The modes are: segments directories (read) s (status) e (execute) m (modify) w (write) a (append) Null access can also be specified for either seg ments or directories: " ", n, or null. path pathname of an entry; it can be relative or absolute. Person_id user's registered personal identifier; usually some form of the user's surname; unique at site.
2 COMMANDS If more information is needed about a particular value, the reader should consult the appropriate command descrip tion in the MPM Commands. The format of each command description in this docu The commands listed below are grouped according to ment is based on those found in the MPM Commands. The their function. An abbreviated description for each com command name, in boldface type, is shown first, followed by mand is given in the following pages, arranged in alphabetical the usage line. In the usage line, the following conventions rather than function order. apply: 1. If a command accepts more than one of a specific argument, an "s" is added to the argument name (e.g., paths, control_args). 2. To indicate one of a group of similar arguments, an ''1'' is added to the argument name (e.g., pathi, control_argi). 3. Multiple arguments that must be given in pairs are indicated by xxxI yyyl ... xxxn yyyn. 4. Pathnames that must be given in pairs are indicated by path 11 path21 ... pathln path2n. 5. Optional arguments are enclosed in braces (e.g., {path}, {-control_args}). All other arguments are required.
To illustrate these conventions, consider the following usage line:
command {paths} {-control_ args } The lines below are just a few examples of valid invocations of this command:
command command path command path path -control_arg command path -control_arg -control_arg command -control_arg command -control_arg -control_arg For simplicity, when an argument takes a value other than a pathname (indicated by "path"), the value is indicated as follows:
XX character string N number, decimal or octal DT date-time character string in a form acceptable to the converCdate_ to_binary _ subroutine described in the Multics Programmers' Manual Subroutines, Order No. AG93.
3 4 Access to the System Directory Manipulation Formatted Output Facilities Debugging and Perform (preaccess requests) add name cancel_ daemon_ request ance Monitoring Facilities dprint change _ error _ mode MAP create_dir dpunch 963 delete dir cum ula tive _ page _ trace 029 delete_name dump_segment debug list _ daemon_ req uests display _ pll io _ error dial fs chname print dump_segment enter link runoff page_trace enterp list runofCabs probe login rename safety _ sw _ off profile logout Language Translators, safety _ sw _ on progress Compilers, Assemblers, ready Creating and Editing Segments status and Interpreters ready_off adjust_ bit_ count unlink apl vfile status ready _on basic_system basic compare _ ascii reprint_ error Access Control basic_system edm trace delete acl bind indent trace stack delete iacl dir cancel_ co bol_ program program_interrupt delete_iacl_seg cobol Input/Output System Control qedx list acl display _ cobol_run_ unit assign_ resource runoff list iacl_dir format cobol_source cancel_ daemon_req ues.t runofCabs list_iacl_seg fortran close file set bit_count set acl fortran abs console_output sort_seg set iacl· dir indent copy _cards set_iacl_seg pH display _pllio_error Segment Manipulation pH_abs dprint adjust __ bit_ count Address Space Control profile dpunch archive add_search_rules qedx file _ ou tpu t compare change_default_ wdir run cobol io_call compare_ascii change _ wdir runoff line _lengt h copy delete search rules runofCabs list_ daemon_ req uests create initiate set_cc list_resources delete list ref_names stop_cobol_run print delete force new_proc print_attach_ table link print_default_ wdir Object Segmen t print_request_ types move print_proc_auth Manipulation set_cc set bit count print_search_rules archive set_ tty sort_seg print_ wdir bind unassign _ reso urce truncate set search rules vfile _adjust unlink terminate vfile status vfilc_adjust term ina te _ ref name terminate_segno terminate _ single _ refname where
6 5 Command Level Environment Communication with the abbrev, ab abbrev System provides the user with a mechanism for abbreviating add search rules check_info _segs parts of (or whole) command lines in the normal com answer help mand environ men t. basic_system how_many _ users Usage: abbrev change_default_ wdir print_motd change _ error _ mode who CONTROL REQUESTS change_ wdir .a
7 8 .u
9 10 disk reader tl print the table of contents in long form. console special tb print the table of contents, briefly. printer tlb print the table of contents in long form, control_args briefly. -comment XX, -com XX Append Operations: -density N, -den N a append named components to the ar- -device XX, -dv XX chive segment. -line_length N, -11 N ad append and delete. -long, -lg adf append and deleteforce. -model N ca copy and append. -system, -sys cad copy, append, and delete. -track N, -tk N cadf copy, append, and deleteforce. -train N, -tn N Replace Operations: -volume XX, -vol XX replace components in, or add com basic ponents to the archive segment. invokes the BASIC compiler. rd replace and delete. rdf replace and deleteforce. Usage: basic path {-control_arg} cr copy and replace. -compile crd copy, replace, and delete. -tLne N crdf copy, replace, and deleteforce. Update Operations: basic_system, bs u update. standard BASIC source editor and run dispatcheL ud update and delete. Usage: basic_system {path} udf update and deleteforce. REQUESTS ell copy and update. cud copy, update, and delete. delete all cudf copy, update, and deleteforce. or delete first {last} Delete Operations: deletes the specified lines. d delete from the archive those components named by the path arguments. exec command_line cd copy and delete. passes the command_line argument to the Multics command processor. Extract Operations: x extnct from the archive those com get {path} ponents named by the path arguments, clears the internal buffers so that the user can work placing them in segments in the storage on a different program. system. line_number xf extract and deleteforce. deletes that source line if such a line number exists. assign_resource, ar line_number source line calls the resource control package (RCP) to assign a adds or replaces a BASIC source line (source_line) resource to the caller's process. in proper sequence. Usage: assign_resource type {-control_args} list type prints the entire current internal segment. tape punch 12 11 quit 3. prefix +, prefix - exits from basic_system and returns to command 4. * * level. 5. *, / 6. + ,- rseq {first} {increment} resequences the line numbers so that they differ by FUNCTIONS. a fixed increment. sin, cos, tan, atan, abs, In, log run calls the BASIC compiler to run the current cancel_abs_request, car internal source segment. allows a user to delete a request for an absentee save {path} computation. stores the current internal source segment in the Usage: cancel_abs_request path {-control_args} segment whose pathname is specified by path. -all,-a time N -brief, -bf establishes a time limit of N CPU seconds on the -queue N, -q N execution of the program. cancel_cobol_program, ccp bind, bd cancels one or more programs in the current COBOL produces a single bound object segment from one or run unit. more unbound ottject segments. Usage: cancel_cobol_program names {-control_arg} Usage: bind paths {-control_arg} control_arg -list, -Is -retain_data, -retd -map names -update paths, -ud paths name specified in the PROG-ID statement.
calc cancel_ daemon_request, cdr provides theuser with a calculator. cancels a dprint or dpunch request. Usage: calc Usage: cancel_daemon_request path {-control_args} REQUESTS -all,-a < expression> type value of -brief, -bf expression. -queue N, -q N < variable> = < expression> assign value of ex -request_type XX, -rqt XX pression to variable. list list variables. change_default_wdir, cdwd q return to command level sets a specified directory as the user's default working directory for the duration of the current process or EXPRESSIONS until the next change_default_ wdir command is order of evaluation issued. 1. expression within parentheses Usage: change_default_ wdir {path} 2. function references
14 13 change_error_mode, cern compare controls the amount of information printed by the de compares two segments and lists their differences. fault handler for system conditions. Usage: compare path1 {Ioffsetl} path2 {loffset2} Usage: change_error_mode {-control_args} {-control_arg~ } -brief, -bf path1, path2 -long, -lg pathnames of segments to be compared. change _ wdir offsetl, offset2 octal offsets within the segments to be compared. changes the user's working directory to the directory specified as an argument. con trol_ args -length N, -In N Usage: change_wdir {path} -mask N check_info_segs, cis compare_ascii, cpa prints a list of new or modified segments. compares two ASCII segments and prints the changes made to the segment specified by pathl to yield the Usage: check_info_segs {-control_args} segment path2. -brief, -bf compare _ascii pathl path2 {minchars} -call command_line Usage: {minlines} -date DT, -dt DT -long, -lg 'path l, path2 -no_update, -nud pathnames of segments to be compared. -pathname star_name_path, -pn star_name_path minchars decimal number specifying the minimum num dose_me, cf ber of characters that must be identical before closes specified FORTRAN and PL/I files. the segments are again assumed to be "in sync" Usage: close_file {-control_arg} filenames after a difference in the two segments. control_arg minlines -all decimal number specifying the minimum num ber of lines that must be identical. filenames names of the open files. console_output, co directs the user_output to the terminal. (See cobol file_output.) invokes the COBOL compiler. Usage: console_output Usage: cobol path {-control_args} -brief, -bf -severityN, -svN copY,cP -check, -ck -source, -sc creates copies of specified segments and/or multiseg -debug, -db -symbols, -sb ment files in the specified directories with the speci -format, -fmt -table, -tb fied names. -list, -Is -time, -tm Usage: copy path11 {path21} ... path1n {path2n} -map { -control_args}
15 16 path1! -flush -short, -sh pathname of segment to be copied. -interrupt N, -int N -sleep N -long, -lg -timers path2i -loop N pathname of a copy to be created from pathli. -total, -tt -print, -pr - trace path control_args -ad debug,db -all,-a -brief, -bf interactive debugging aid to be used in the Multics environment. -name, -nm Usage: debug copy_cards DA TA REQUESTS copies specified card image segments from system pool storage into a user's directory. Format of Data Request < generalized address> < opera tor> < operands> Usage: copy _ cards deck_name {path} Generalized Address deck_name [/segment name/] [offset] [segment ID] name entered on deck_id card. [relative offset] create, cr /seg name/ offset segment ID pathname creates a storage system segment in a specified direc number &t text ref name tory (or in the working directory). symbol &s stack seg number &1 linkage Usage: create paths &n seg name &an source line seg$entry &P!! parameter create_dir, cd &i internal static creates a specified storage system directory branch in a reI offset specified directory (or in the working directory). number Usage: create_dir paths {-control_args} register -access_class XX, -acc XX Operators Operands Output Modes -quota N print operands o octal assign input list h half-carriage octal cumulative_page_ trace, cpt < set break function d decimal accumulates page trace data so that the total set of > transfer list a ASCII pages used during the invocation of a command or sub - call instruction system can be determined. p pointer Usage: cumulative_page_ trace command_line s source statement { -control_args} 1 code for line number command_line n no output character string to be interpreted as a command e floating point line. f floating point controCargs b bit string -count, -ct -reset, -rs g graphic
17 18 CONTROL REQUESTS decode Multics command reconstructs an original segment from an enciphered .ai,ID print argument i in mode ID segment according to a key that need not be stored in (modes: 0, p, d, a, b, I, e, f, ?) the system. (See encode.) .bcal{= A=}a2 make conditional all breaks of de Usage: decode path! {path2} fault object segment .bcl al {= A =}a2 make conditional break i pathl . bd name/no. set (or print) default object segment pathname of enciphered segment• .be
19 20 delete_iac1_dir, did display _pllio_error, dpe deletes entries from a directory initial ACL in a speci describes the most recent me on which a PL/I I/O fied directory. error was raised and displays diagnostic information associated with that type of error. Usage: delete_iac1_dir {path} {User_ids} {-control_args} Usage: display _pllio_error -brief, -bf -ring N, -rg N do delete_iac1_seg, dis expands a command line according to the arguments deletes entries from a segment initial ACL in a speci supplied following the command string. fied directory. Usage: do "command_string" {-control_args} delete_iac1_seg {path} {User_ids} Usage: command_string {-control_args} a command line in quotes. -brief, -bf control_args -ring N, -rg N a character string argument to replace a param delete_name, dn eter designated by &1 in command_string. deletes specified names from entries that have modes multiple names. -absentee -brief, -bf Usage: delete_name paths -go delete_search_rules, dsr -interactive allows the user to delete current search rules. -long, -lg -nogo Usage: delete_search_rules paths dial, d connects an additional terminal to an existing process. dprint, dp Usage: dial dial_id Person_id.Project_id queues specified segments and/or multisegment files for printing on the line printer. dial id keyword that uniquely specifies a logged-in Usage: dprint {-control_args} {paths} process that is accepting dial connections. -access_label, -albl -no_endpage, -nep Person_ id.Project _id -bottom_label XX, -no_label, -nlbl the Person_id and Project_id of the process -blbl XX -page_length N, the user wishes to connect to. -brief, -bf -pIN -copy N, -cp N -queue N, -q N display _cobol_run_unit, dcr -delete, -dl - request_ type XX, displays the current state of a COBOL run unit. -destination XX, -ds XX -rqt XX -header XX, -he XX - single, - sg display _ cobol_run_ unit {-control_ args} Usage: -indent N, -in N -top_label XX, -a11,-a -label XX, -lbl XX -tlbl XX -files -line_length N, -11 N - truncate, - tc -long, -lg
22 21 dpunch,dpn dN deletes N lines. queues specified segments and/ or multisegment files updelete delete all lines above current line. for punching by the card punch. Eline execute "line" as a Multics com mand line. dpunch {-controLargs} {paths} Usage: f string find a line beginning with" string". -brief, -bf -queue N, -q N i line insert "line" after current line. -copy N, -cp N -raw merge path insert segment "path" after current -delete, -dl -request_type XX, line. -destination XX, -ds XX -rqt XX move M N beginning with line M, remove N - header XX, - he XX -7punch, -7p lines and insert them after the current -mcc line. dump_segment, ds k enter brief mode (no response after f, n, 1, c, and s requests). prints, in octal format, selected portions of a segment. I string locate a line containing "string". Usage: dump_segment path {first} {num} nN move down N lines. {-control_arg} pN print N lines. first q exit from edmo the octal number of the first word to be qf exit directly from edm with no dumped. question. r line replace current line with "line". num s N /sl/s2/ same as "c". the octal number of words to be dumped. go to top of file. control_args v enter verbose mode (opposite of k -address, -addr -name, -nm request). -bcd -no_address, -nad w path write edited copy of file into "path". -block N -no_header, -nhe upwrite path write all lines above current line into -character, -ch -no_offset, -nofs "path" • - header, - he -offset N, -ofs N -long, -lg -short, -sh encode edm enciphers a segment's contents according to a key that invokes a simple Multics context editor. need not be stored in the system. (See decode.) Usage: edm {path} Usage: encode pathl {path2} REQUESTS pathl pathname of segment to be enciphered. enter input mode; exit when a line with only"." is typed. path2 -N back up N lines. pathname of the enciphered segment to be enter "comment" mode; exit when a produced. line with only"." is typed. print current line number. enter, e b go to bottom of file, enter input enterp, ep mode. used by anonymous users to gain access to Multics. c N /sl/s2/ change all occurrences of string "sl" Usage: enter {anonymous_name} Project_id to "s2" for N lines. {-control_ args }
23 24 anonymous_name &attach attaches user_input to treated like person identifier. exec_com segment. detaches usee input. Project_id &detach writes input lines on identification of the user's project. &input_line on user _ output. control_args &input_line off does not write out input lines. -brief, -bf &command line on writes command lines on -force user_output prior to -home_dir path, -hd path execution. -no_preempt, -np &command line off does not write out command -no_print_off, -npf lines. -no_start-up, -ns &ready_on invokes ready message after -print_off, -pf execution of each command -process_ overseer path, -po path line. enter_abs_request, ear &ready _off turns off ready message; requests that an absentee process be created. default. &print char_string prints char_string on Usage: enter_abs_request path {-control_args} user_output. -arguments XX, -ag XX &quit returns exec_com to caller. -brief, -bf &if [ACTIVE_FUNCTION -arg!o .. -argo -] -limit N, Ii N executes & then clause if -output_file path, -of path ACTIVE FUNCTION returns -queue N, "true"; executes &else clause -restart, -rt if ACTIVE FUNCTION re -time DT, -tm DT turns "false"; otherwise error. exec_com, ec Each argi can also be an active function. executes a series of command lines contained in a &then THEN_CLAUSE segment. can include a command line, Usage: exec_com path {optional_args} input line, null statement, and optional_ args most control statements. character strings substituted for &i in the &else ELSE_CLAUSE can include a command line, exec_com segment. input line, null statement, and most control statements. Each &1 (where 1 is an integer) in the exec_com segment is replaced by the corresponding argu fIle_output, fo ment to the exec_com command; &ec name is directs the user_output to a segment. (See replaced by the entrynarne portion of the console_output.) exec_com pathname without the ec suffix; &0 is replaced by the path argument to the Usage: file_output {path} exec _ com command. format_cobol_source, fcs CONTROL STATEMENTS converts pseudo free-form COBOL source programs to &labellocation identifies location. the standard fixed-format COBOL source programs. &goto location transfers control to &label specified. Usage: format_cobol_source pathl path2
25 26 using the add_name command; null string for a pathl pathname of input segment containing pseudo newname is equivalent to using the delete_name free-form COBOL source code. command. path2 Usage: fs_chname dir_name entryname oldname pathname of output segment containing con newname verted fixed-format COBOL source. dir_name directory name portion of the segment. fortran, ft entryname invokes the FORTRAN compiler. entryname portion of the segment. fortran path {-control_args} Usage: oldname -brief, -bf -optimize, -ot old entryname to be deleted. -brieC table, -profile, -pf newname -bftb -severityN, -svN new entryname to be added. -card -source, -sc -check, -ck -subscriptrange, -subrg -convert -symbols, -sb gcos,gc -debug, -db -table, -tb invokes the GCOS environment simulator to run a -list, -Is -time, -tm single GCOS job, immediately, in the user's process. -map Usage: gcos job_deck_path {-control_args} fortran_abs, fa job._deck_path submits an absentee request to perform FORTRAN pathname of segment containing a GCOS job compilations. deck. Usage: fortran_abs paths {-ft_args} {-dp_args} control_args {-abs_ control_args} listed below by function. ft_args Input Specifications: control arguments accepted by the fortran -ascii, -aci -no_canonicalize, -nocan, -no command. -gcos, -gc -truncate, -tc dp_args Output Specifications: control argument.s (except -delete) accepted -dprint, -dp -hold, -hd by the dprint command. -dprint_ options "options", -list, -Is abs_ control_args -dpo "options" -lower_case, -Ie -queue N, -q N -dpunch, -dpn -raw -hold -dpunch_ options "options", -output_file path, -of path -dpno "options" Creation of Files: fs_chname -brief, -bf -no_bar, -nobar, -nb manipulates strangely named segments because none of -continue, -ctu -syot_dir path, -sd path the special command system symbols (e.g., *, » are -debug, -db -temp_dir path, -td path interpreted. When oldname and newname are not null -job_id id, -id id -userlib strings, fs_ chname is equivalent to using the rename -long, -lg command; null string for oldname is equivalent to 28 27 gcos_card_utility, gcu gcos_sysprint, gsp copies GCOS card image files, altering their format, converts a print file (either SYSOUT or simulated content, and medium, as specified by the user. printer) produced by the GCOS environment simu lator, from BCD to ASCII. Usage: gcu input_specification output_specification Usage: gcos_sysprint input_path {output_path} input_ specification, outpuCspecification {-control_args} pathnames (or tape numbers) and control argu inpuCpath ments. Control arguments are listed below by pathname of a print file produced by the function. simulator. Input and Output Specifications: output_path -input, -in pathname into which the ASCII output lines -output, -out are written. File Formats: control_args -ascii, -aci - no _ canonicalize, - no -lower_case, -Ie -comdk, -cdk -raw -temp_dir path, -td path -gcos_ascii, -gca -tabs N -gcos, -gc -truncate, -tc gcos_syspunch,gspn File Contents: converts a GCOS standard system format file, contain -imcv XX ing BCD and binary card images, to a format suitable -library XX, -lib XX for punching using the Multics dpunch command with the -raw argument. Tape Files: Usage: gcos_syspunch path -attached, -att -tape7 N -detach, -det -tape9 N -label XX, -lbl XX -retain, -ret get_corn_line, gel -tape N prints on the user's terminal the maximum length allowed for an expanded command line. Partial Copying: Usage: get_corn_line -count N, -ct N -fIrst N, -ft N -last N, -It N get_quota, gq returns information about the secondary storage Output File Duplication: quota and pages used for a specifIed directory. -append, -app Usage: geCquota paths {-control_arg} Input and Output Lists: -long, -lg -all -list XX, -Is XX -file_input path, -fi path, -name, -nm -file path help assists users in obtaining online information about Terminal Output: such things as commands, subsystems, system status, -brief, -bf or changes. -debug, -db Usage: help {name} {-control_args} -long, -lg
29 30 name indent, ind the name 'Of an info segment which refers to a improves the readability of a PL/I source segment by command or general topic. indenting it according to a set of standard conventions. control_args Usage: indent oldpath {newpath} {-control_args} - header, - he -pathname path, -pn path oldpath -search XX, -sh XX pathname of input PL/I source segment. -section XX, -sc XX newpath -title pathname of output PL/I source segment. REQUESTS control_ args Each info segment is divided into paragraphs delimited -brief, -bf by double blank lines. After each paragraph, help asks -comment N, -cm N "More help?" The user may reply: . -indent N, -in N yes -lmargin N, -1m N print next block no print no more from this segment initiate, in rest rest of this segment enables users to initiate segments directly, i,e., not skip skip next block and using the normal search rules. proceed title Usage: initiate path {reenames} {-control_arg} print remaining section titles, no questions ref_names quit exit from help reference names for the segment. search {XX}, sh {XX} search forward for string control_arg XX -long, -lg section {XX}, sc {XX} find section named XX how_many_ users, hmu io_call, io performs an operation on a designated I/O switch. prints how many users are currently logged in. Usage: how_many _users {args} {-control_ args} Usage: io attach switchname modulename {args} Usage: io detach switchname control_ args Usage: io open switchname mode -absentee, -as Usage: io close switchname -brief, -bf Usage: ioget_line switchname {n} {-control_args} -long, -Ig Usage: io get..'"- chars switchname n {-control_args} args Usage: io put_ chars switchname {string} Person id {-control_args} .Project_id Usage: io read_record switchname n {-control_args} Person_id.Project_id Usage: io write record switchname {string} {-cont~l_args} immediate_messages, im Usage: io rewrite record switchname {string} {-controLargs} restores the immediate printing of messages sent by the send_message command. Usage: io delete record switchname Usage: io position switchname type Usage: immediate_messages Usage: io seek_key switchname key
31 32 order Usage: io read_key switchname one of the orders accepted by the I/O module Usage: io read_length switchname used in the attachment of the I/O switch. io control switchname order Usage: control_aIgs io modes switchname {string} {-brief} Usage: -brief, -bf io find iocb switchname Usage: -lines io look iocb switchname Usage: -nl io moy; attach switchname switchname2 Usage: -nnl io destroy _iocb switchname Usage: -segment path {offset}, -sm path {offset} io print_iocb switchname Usage: -segment path {length}, -sm path {length} switchname -segment path {offset} {length}, name of the I/O switch. -sm path {offset} {length} module name -line_length, II name of I/O module used in attachment. sets the maximum length of a line output to the de args vice that a process is connected to through the any arguments accepted by the I/O module user_output I/O switch. used in attachment. Usage: line_length maxlength mode maxlength stream_input, si keyed_sequential_input, maximum length of line. stream_output, so ksqi stream_input_output, keyed_sequential_output, link,lk sio ksqo creates a storage system link with a specified name in ~ sequential_input, sqi keyed_ seq uential_ up- specified directory pointing to a specified segment or sequential_output, date, ksqu directory. sqo direct_input, di link pathl1 path21 ... pathln {path2n} sequential_inpuCout- direcCoutput, do Usage: put, sqio direct_ update, du pathli sequential_ update, pathname of the segment to which path2i is to squ point.
!l path2j decimal number. pathname of the link to be created. string list, Is any character string. prints information about entries contained in a type single directory. bof, -1 set to beginning of file. Usage: list {entrynames} {-control_aIgs} eof,l set to end of file. entrynames fN set forward N records or lines. names of entries to be listed. rN set back N records. othern number whose interpretation de control_args pends on I/O module being used. listed below by function. key Directory: string of ASCII characters with -pathname path, -pn path 0:;;;; length:;;;; 256. 34 33 Entry Type: list_ad,la -all,-a lists the ACLs of segments, multisegment files, and - branch, - br directories. -directory, -dr Usage: lisCacl {path} {User_ids} {-control_args} -file, -f -link, -lk -brief, -bf -multisegmenCfile, -msf -directory, -dr -segment, -sm -ring_brackets, -rb -segment, -sm Columns: -count, -ct list_daemon requests, ldr -date_ time_contents_modified, -dtcm prints information about dprint and dpunch requests. -date_time_entry _modified, -dtem -date_time_used, -dtu Usage: list_daemon_requests {-control_args} -length, -In -all, -a -link_path, -lp -long, -lg -mode, -md -queue N, -q N -name, -nm -requesCtype XX, -rqt XX -record, -rec -total, -tt Totals/Header Lines: -no_header, -nhe list_iad_ dir, lid -total, -tt lists some or all of the entries on a directory initial ACL in a specified directory. Multiple-Name Entries: -match Usage: lisCiacCdir {path} {Usecids} -primary, -pri {-control_args} Entry Order: -brief, -bf -reverse, -rv -ring N, -rg N -sort XX, -sr XX Entry Exclusion: list_iad_seg, lis -exclude entryname, -ex entry name lists entries on a segment initial ACL in a specified -first N, -ft N directory. -from DT, -fm DT Usage: list_iacl_seg {path} {Usecids} -to DT {-controCargs} Output Format: -brief, -bf -brief, -bf -ring N, -rg N -short, -sh list_abs_requests, tar list_ref_names, 1m prints information/about absentee requests. lists the absolute pathname and reference names associated with a segment. Usage: lisCabs_requests {-control_args} Usage: list_reCnames paths {-control_args} -all, -a -long, -lg -all,-a -queue N, -q N -brief, -bf -total, -tt -from N -to N
35 36 mail, ml list_resources,Ir sends a message to another user or prints messages lists resources that are assigned or attached to the in a mailbox. calling process by the resource control package (Rep). Usage: (sending) list_resources {-control_args} Usage: ml path Person_idl Project_idl .. -assignments, -asm {Person_idn} {Project_idn} -attachments, -atm (printing) -device XX, -dv XX ml {path} {-control_arg} -long, -lg -type XX, -tp XX -brief, -bf SENDING If path is *, mail responds with "Input:" and login, I accepts lines from the terminal until a line consisting of a period (.) is typed. used to gain access to the system. PRINTING Usage: login Person_id {ProjecCid} {-control_args} If no path argument is given, the contents of the de Person id fault mailbox is printed. user's personal identifier. CREATING A MAILBOX Project_id A default mailbox is created automatically the first identification of the user's project. time a user types "mail'"; the default mailbox is: control_args > user _dir _dir> Project_id > Person_id> Person_id.mbx -authorization XX, -no_preempt, -np -auth XX -no_print_off, -npf -brief, -of -no_start_up, -ns MAP - change _ de- -no_warning, -nw tells system user has terminal that generates only faulCauth, -cda -outer_module p, uppercase characters; system then maps each typed -change_de -omp character to lowercase unless it is preceded by a fault_project, -cdp -print_off, -pf backslash (\). - change _pass- -process_ overseer Usage: MAP word, -cpw path, -po path -force -ring N memo -generate _pass- -subsystem path, maintains an interactive notebook and reminder list. word, -gpw -ss path -home_dir path, - terminal_ type XX, Usage: memo {-control_arg} {optional_args} -hd path -t tp XX {memo_text} -modes XX control_args -brief, -bf -delete, -dl logout -list, -Is terminates a user session. -off Usage: logout {-control_args} -on -pathname path, -pn path -brief, -bf -print, -pr -hold 38 37 page_trace, pgt optional_ args prints a recent history of page faults and other system memo_number events within the calling process. -alarm, -al -call Usage: page_trace {count} {-control_arg} -date DT, -dt DT count -invisible, -iv prints the last count of system events recorded -match XX for the calling process. -repeat intvl, -rp intvl control_arg -time DT, -tm DT -long, -lg memo_text text of memo being set. pH move invokes the PL/I compiler. moves a designated segment or multisegment file (and Usage: pll path {-control_args} its ACL and all names on the designated file) to a new position in the storage system hierarchy. -brief, -bf -profile, -pf -brieCtable, -bftb -severityN, -svN Usage: move path 11 {path21}. .. pathl!} {path2!}} -check, -ck -source, -sc {-control_arg} -debug, -db -symbols, -sb pathli -list, -Is -table, -tb path name of segment to be moved. -map -time, -tm path2i -optimize, -ot pathname to which pathli is to be moved. pll_abs, pa control_arg submits an absentee request to perform PL/l -brief, -bf compilations. move_quota, mq Usage: pll_abs paths {-pll_args} {-dp_args} moves storage quota between two directories, one {-abs_control_urgs} immediately inferior to (contained in) the other. pll_abs Usage: move_quota pathl quota_changel .. control arguments accepted by the pH . path!} quota_ change!} command. path! dp_args pathname of directory. control arguments (except -delete) accepted quota_ changei by the dprint command. number of records to be moved between the abs_ control_urgs containing directory quota and the path! quota. -queue N, -q N new_proc -hold destroys the user's current process and creates a new -output_file path, -- of path one, using the control arguments given initially with the login command, and the optional control argument print, pr to the new _proc command itself. prints u specified ASCII segment on the user's Usage: new_proc {-control_arg} terminal. print path {begin} {end} -authorization XX, -auth XX Usage:
40 39 print_proc_auth, ppa begin . . prints the access authorization of the current process the line number that identifies where prmtmg and current system privileges (if any). begins. Usage: print_proc_auth {-control_args} end -all, -a the line number that identifies where printing -long, -lg ends. print_request_ types, prt print_attach_table, pat prints a list of all request types handled by the I/O prints a list of attached I/O switches, their attach daemon. descriptions, and opening mode. Usage: print_requesc types {-control_args} Usage: print_attach_ table {switch_names} -access_name XX, -an XX switch_names -brief, -hf names of I/O switches. -gen_type XX, -gt XX
print_search_mJes, psr print_auth_names, pan prints the search rules currently in use. prints the names of the sensitivity levels and access categories defined for the installation. Usage: prh1t_search_ruJes Usage: print_auth_names {-control_args} print_ wdir, pwd -all, -a prints the patbname of the current working -brief, -bf directory. -category, -cat print_ wdir -level Usage: probe, pb print_default_ wdir, pdwd . provides symbolic, interactive debugging facilities for prints out the pathname of the current detault work- programs compiled with PL/I, FORTRAN, or COBOL. ing directory. The program to be debugged must be compiled with Usage: print_default_ wdir the -table control argument. Usage: probe {procedure _name} print_messages, pm . procedure_name prints any interprocess messages that were receIved the symbolic name of the form, (and saved in the user's mailbox) while the user was reference_name$offset_name, of an entry to a not accepting messages. procedure or subroutine. Usage: print_messages REQUESTS after a Set a break after a statement. before b Set a break before a statement. print_motd, pmotd . call cl Call an external procedure. prints out changes to the message of the day smce the continue c Return from probe. last time the command was called. execute e _Execute a Multics command.
Usage: princmotd 42 41 progress, pg goto g Transfer to a statement. executes a specified command line and prints infor halt h Stop the program. mation about how its execution is progressing in if (none) Execute commands if condi- terms of CPU time, real time, and page faults. tion is true. Usage: progress {-control_arg} {command_line} let Assign a value to a variable. mode (none) Turn brief message mode on control_arg or off. -brief, -bf pause pa Stop a program once. -cput N position ps Examine a specified state- -off ment or locate a string in the -on program. -output_switch XX, -os XX quit q Return to command level. -realt N reset r Delete one or more breaks. command _line source sc Display source statements. character string created by concatenating all the stack sk Trace the stack. arguments to progress (excluding the first if it status st Display information about is a control argument) with blanks between breaks. them. The string is executed as a command line. step s Advance one statement and halt. qedx,qx symbol sb Display the attributes of a context editor used to create and edit ASCII segments variable. in Multics. use u Examine the block specified. Usage: qedx {path} {optional_args} value v Display the value of a variable. where wh Display the value of probe path pointers. pathname of an ASCII segment from which the while wI Execute commands while editor takes its initial instructions. condition is true. optionai _ args appended, each as a separate line, to the buffer profile named args. prints information about the execution of each state ment in PLfI or FORTRAN programs. The -prot11e REQUESTS control argument must have been used when the Listed below in four categories giving: format, default program was compiled. in parentheses, and brief description. For value of ADR, see "Addressing" below; regexp, see "Regular Usage: profile paths {-control_ args} Expression. " -brief, -bf INPUT REQUESTS -long, -lg These requests enter input mode and must be termi- -print, -pr nated with \ f. -reset, -rs ADRa (.a) append lines after specified program_interrupt, pi line. allows a subsystem which establishes a handler for ADRl,ADR2c (.,.c) change existing line(s); de program_interrupt to regain control after a QUIT, lete and replace. fault, or call out by the use of this command. ADRI (j) insert lines before speci fied line. Usage: program_interrupt 44 43 BASIC EDIT REQUESTS x give the status of all buffers ADRl,ADR2d (.,.d) delete line(s). in use. ADRl,ADR2p (.,.p) print line(s). ADRn (.n) set the value of"." to line ADR= (.=) print line number. addressed. q exit from qedx editor; ADR" (.") ignore rest of line; used for ADRr path ($r path) append contents of path comments. after specified line. ADDRESSING ADRl,ADR2s/regexp/string (. , .s/regexp/string/) Most editing requests are preceded by an address speci substitute every regexp in fying the line or lines in the buffer on which the re the line(s) with string. If quest is to operate. Lines in the buffer can be string contains &, & is re addressed by absolute line number; relative line num placed by regexp. First ber, i.e., relative to the "current" line; and context. character after s is de Current line is denoted by period (.); last line of buffer, limiter; it can be any char by dollar sign ($). acter not in either regexp or string. REGULAR EXPRESSION ADRI,ADR2w {path} (1 ,$w) The following characters have specialized meanings write lines into segment when used in a regular expression. The user can rein names path; if path omit voke the last used regular expression by giving 3. null ted, default pathname used. regexp (I I). /regexp/ set the value of"." to the * signifies any number (or none) of the preceding first line following the cur character. rent line that contains /... \vhen used as the first character of a regular expres regexp and print the line. sion, signities the character preceding the frrst character on a line. EXTENDED EDIT REQUESTS e < command line> execute command line $ when used as the last character of a regular expres- sion, signifies the character following the last char without leaving editor. ADRl,ADR2gX/regexp/(l ,$gX/rege xp/) acter on a line. perform operation on lines matches any character on a line. that contain regexp; X ESCAPE SEQUENCES must be d for delete, p for \ f exit from input mode and terminate the input print, or = for print line request. numbers. \ c suppress the meaning of the escape sequence or ADRI ,ADR2vX/regexp/ (1 ,$vX/rege xp/) special character following it. perform operation on lines \ b(X) redirect editor stream to read subsequent input that do not contain regexp; from buffer X. X must be d for delete, p for print, or = for print \ r temporarily redirects the input stream to read line numbers. a single line from the user's terminal.
BUFFER REQUESTS ready, rdy b(X) go to buffer names X. types out an up-to-date ready message giving the time ADRl,ADR2m(x)(. ,.m(X)) of day as well as the amount of CPU time and page move line(s) from current faults used since the last ready message was typed. buffer into buffer names X. Usage: ready
45 46 ready _off, rdf run_cobol, rc turns off the ready message. initiates execution of a COBOL run unit in a specified Usage: ready _off "main program." Usage: run_cobol name {-control_args} ready _ on, rdn name prints a ready message after each command line has reference name or pathname of the "main been processed. program" to be initiated. Usage: ready _on control_args release, rl -coboCswitch N, -cs N -no_stop_run, -nsr releases the stack history that was automatically pre served after a quit signal or unclaimed signal. runoff, rf Usage: release {-control_arg} types out text segments in manuscript form. -all, -a Usage: runoff paths {-control_args} rename, m control_args replaces an entry name by a specified new name, with -ball N, -bl N -page N, -pg N out affecting any other names the entry might have. -character, -ch - parameter am, -device N, -dv N -pm gIg Usage: rename path! namel ... pathn namen -from N, -fm N -pass N path! -hyphenate, -hph -segment, -sm old name that is to be replaced. -indent N, -in N -stop, -sp -no _pagination, -to N namei -npgn -wait, -wt new name that replaces the entryname portion -number, -nb of pathi. reprint_error, re CONTROL \VORDS prints information, from the system condition handler, Conventions to specify arguments of control requests. about a condition that has already been handled and # integer constant for which stack history is preserved. c character Usage: reprint_error {-control_args} cd character pair exp expression (either numeric-or string) -all,-a n integer expression -brief, -bf ± ± indicates update by n; if sign not present, set -depth N, -dh N to n -long, -lg f segment name resource_usage, ru t title of the form 'partl'part2'part3' prints a report of resource consumption for current CONTROL REQUESTS billing period. If the request has a default, it is in parentheses fol Usage: resource_usage {-control_arg} lowing the definition . -brief, -bf . ad right justify text (on) -long, -lg .ar arabic page numbers (arabic) -total, -tt .bp begin new page
47 48 .pa ±n begin page n ·br break, begin new line .pi n skip n lines if n remain; otherwise .cc c change special character from % to skip n on next page before any text c (%) (1) .ce n center next n lines (1) .pl ±n page length is (66) .ch cd .... note "c" in chars segment as "d" Ii .rd read one line of text from the .ds double space (oft) user __ input I/O switch and process it .ef #: t defines even footer line # in place of .rd line .eh #t defines even header line # .ro roman numeral page numbers (arabic) .eq n next n lines are equations (1) .rt "return" from this input segment .ex text call command processor with "texf' .sk n skip n li!1p.s (1) .fh t format of footnote demarcation line .sp n space n lines (1) (underscore) .sr sym exp assign value of "exp" to variable .11 fill output lines (on) named "sym" .fo #t equivalent to: .ef # t, .of # t .ss single space (on) .fr c controls footnote numbering: .tf cd .... translate nonblank character c into d "t" reset each page, "f" continuous, on output "u" suppress numbering .ts n process next input line only if n is not .ft delimits footnotes zero (1) .gb xxx "go back" to label xxx .ty xxx write "xxx" onto errOf_ output I/O .gf xxx "go forward" to label xxx switch .he #t equivalent to: .eh # t, .oh # t .un n indent next text line n spaces less .if f exp segment Lrunoff inserted at point of (left margin) request; value of "exp" assigned to .ur text substitute values of variables in "Parameter" "text", and scan line again .in ±n indent left margin n spaces (0) .wt read one line of text from user _input .la xxx define label xxx I/O switch and discard it .Ii n next n lines treated as text (1) comment line; ignored .11 ±n line length is n (65) * .ma±n equivalent to: .m! in, .m4 ±n (4) comment line; ignored, but included in .mp ±n print only every nth page (1) chars output segment .ms±n mUltiple space of n lines (1) BUILT-IN SYMBOLS .m! ±n margin above headers set to n ( 4) runoff has over 50 internal variables, which are avail .m2±n margin between headers and footers able to the user. In addition, the user can set his own set to n (2) variables with the .sr control request. See the runoff .m3 ±n margin between text and footers set command in the MPM Commands for the list of to n (2) . built-in symbols . . m4±n margin below footers set to n (4) EXPRESSIONS .na do not right justify (oft) Expressions can be either arithmetic or string and .ne n need n lines; begin new page if not consist of numbers and operators in appropriate com enough remain (1) binations. The operators and order of precedence are: .nf do not till output lines; print them (bit-wise negation), -(unary) exactly as entered (oft) (remainder) .of #t defines odd footer line # *,/ ,\ +,- (binary) .oh #t defines odd header line # .op next page number is odd =,<,>, i=, (all are comparison operators that
49 50 yield -1 for true or 0 for false) message & (bit-wise AND) a string up to 132 characters long. If omitted, (bit-wise OR), == (bit-wise send_message types "Input:" and accepts equivalence) lines that it sends, one at a time, with each new line character. In this case, input is terminated runoff_ahs, rfa by a line consisting solely of a period. submits an absentee request to process text segments using the runoff command. Usage: rfa paths {-rCargs} {-ear_args} {-dp_args} set_ad, sa {-abs_control_args} manipulates the ACLs of segments, multisegment files, and directories. rCargs control arguments accepted by the runoff Usage: sa path model User_idl ... moden {User_idn} command. {-control_args} ear_args -directory, -dr control arguments accepted by the -segment, -sm enter _abs_request command (except -brief). dp_args set_hit_count, shc control arguments (except -brief and sets a specified bit count on a specified en try. -truncate) accepted by the dprint command. Usage: secbit_count pathl countl ... pathn countn abs_ control_args count! -copy N, -cp N is the bit count, in decimal, desired for pathi. -hold -queue N, -q N set CC safety _sw _off, ssf sets the carriage control transformation for a specified FORTRAN formatted file either on or off. turns off the safety switch of a segment, directory, or multisegment file, thus permitting the segment, direc Usage: set_ccfIleN {-control_arg} tory, or multisegment tile to be deleted. fileN Usage: safety _sw _oft' {paths} name of the FORTRAN file in the range of fileO 1 to file99. safety_sw_on, ssn control_arg turns on the safety switch of a segment, directory, or -off multisegment tile, thus preventing deletion of that seg -on ment, directory, or multisegment file. Usage: safety _sw _on {paths} set_corn_line, sd changes the maximum size of expanded command send_message, sm lines. sends messages (one or more, always sent one line at a Usage: set_corn_line {size} time) to a given user on a given project. size Usage: send_message Person_id Project_id {message} is the new maximum expanded command line size.
51 52 set_iac1_dir, sid -print -reset adds entries to a directory initial ACL in a specified -tabs directory or modifies the access mode in an existing -terminal_type XX, -ttp XX directory initial ACL entry. 1050 TN300, tn300 Usage: sid path model User_idl ... moden {User_idn} 2741 TTY33, tty 33 {-control_arg} ARDS, ards TTY37, tty37 -ring N, -rg N ASCII, ascii TTY38, tty38 CORR2741, corr2741 set_iac1_seg, sis sort_seg, ss adds entries to a segment initial ACL in a specified orders the contents of a segment according to the directory or modifies the access mode in an existing ASCII collating sequence. segment initial ACL entry. Usage: sort_seg path {-control_args} Usage: sis path model User_idl ... moden {User_idn} {-control_arg} -all, --a -ascending, -asc -ring N, -rg N -block N, -bk N -delimiter XX, -dm XX set_search_rules, ssr -descending, -dsc allows the user to set his dynamic linking search rules -field S1 Ll S~ L2 .. " Sn Ln, to suit his individual needs with only minor restric -t1 S1 L1 S2 L2 ... Sn Ln tions. Two types of search rules are permitted: abso -replace, -rp lute pathnames of directories to be searched and -segment path, -sm path keywords. -unique, -uq Usage: set_search_rules path start, sr set_ tty, stty resumes execution of the user's process from the point of interruption after a signal has suspended execution. modifies the terminal type and modes associated with terminal 1/ O. Usage: start {-control_arg} Usage: set_tty {-control_args} -no _restore, -nr -io_switch XX, -is XX status, st -modes XX prints status information about storage system entries. can, Acan hndlquit, Ahndlquit Usage: status paths {-control_ args } capo, ""Capo Hecho, A lfecho crecho, Acrecho UN Segments, Multisegment Files, and Directories: default" pIN -aU,-a echoplex, rawi, Arawi -author, -at ""echoplex rawo, Arawo -date, -dt edited, Aedited red, Ared -device, -dv erkl, ""erkl tabecho, Atabecho -length, -In esc, Aesc tabs, Atabs -mode, -md fulldpx, vertsp, Avertsp -name, -nm Afulldpx -type, -tp
53 54 -ex XX -rs entryname Links: -rust N, -ft N -return_value off, -all, -a -govern off, -rvoff -author, -at -gvoff -return_value on, -rv on -date, -dt -govern on, -status * , -st * -name, -nm -gvon -status entryname, -type, -tp -in -st entry name -inout -stop_proc path, -sp path stop_cobol_run, scr -io_switch XX, -subtotal, -stt causes the termination of the current COBOL run -is XX -template, -tp unit. -last N, -It N -total, -tt -watch XX, -wh XX Usage: stop_cobol_run {-control_arg} -long, -lg -retain_data, -retd names is a pathname or reference name used in the terminate, tm trace table. terminate_segno, tms terminate_refname, tmr trace_stack, ts terminate_single_refname, tmsr prints machine conditions and stack history of the terminates reference names for a segment, unsnaps links process, most recent first. to the segment, and makes the segment unknown if it trace_stack {-control_args} has no reference names left. ' Usage: Usage: terminate paths -brief, -bf Usage: tms seg_nos -depth N, -dh N Usage: tmr ref names -long, -lg Usage: tmsr ref_names seg_nos truncate, tc segment numbers (in octal). truncates a segment to a specified length and resets the bit count accordingly. ref_names reference names. Usage: truncate {-control_arg} seg_no length seg_no trace a pathname or an octal segment number. a debugging tool that monitors all calls to a specified set of external procedures. length an octal integer indicating the length of the Usage: trace {-control_args} names segment in words after truncation. control_args control_arg -after N -meter off, -mt off -name, -nm -argument N, -meter on, -mt on -agN -off entryname -before N -on entryname unassign_resource, ur -brief, -bf -out unassigns a resource that has been assigned to the -depth N, -dh N -remove entryname, caller's process. -every N, -ev N -rm entryname Usage: unassign_resource resource {-control_args} -execute XX, -reset entryname, 56 55 resource where, wh specifies the name of the resource to be searches for a given reference name using the standard unassigned. search rules and initiates the segment if found. control_ args Usage: where reCnames -comment XX, -com XX -admin, -am who lists User ids and other information about current unlink, ul users of the system. deletes the specified link entry. Usage: who {args} {-control_args} Usage: unlink paths args Person_id vfde_adjust, vfa .Project_id adjusts a storage system file left in an inconsistent PersoH_id.Project_id state by an interrupted opening. control_args Usage: vfile_adjust path {-control_arg} -absentee, -as -brief, -bf -set_be -long, -lg -set nl -name, -nm· -use-='bc {N} -project, -pj -use nl 963 vfile_status, vfs tells system user has terminal similar to EBCDIC IBM prints the apparent type (unstructured, sequential, Model 2741 that must be recognized before he can log blocked, or indexed) and length of storage system in. tiles. Usage: 963 Usage: vtile_status path 029 walk_subtree, ws tells system user has terminal similar to Correspond executes a command line in a given directory (called ence code IBM Model 2741 that must be recognized the starting node) and in directories inferior to the before he can log in. starting node. Usage: 029 Usage: walk_subtree path command_line {-control_args} command_line command line to be executed (multiple-word command line should be typed as a quoted string). control_args -bottom_up, -bu -brief, -bf -first N, -ft N -last N, -It N
57 58 Arithmetic equal ACTIVE FUNCTIONS ceil exists divide greater The format of each active function in this document is floor less based on those found in the MPM Commands. The active max nequal function name is shown in boldface type followed by a brief min ngreater description of the value this active function returns. In the minus nless usage line, after the name and description, the Jollowing con mod not ventions apply: plus or 1. For simplicity, four common types of arguments ac quotient cepted by active functions have been abbreviated as times Segment Name follows: trunc directories, dirs directory str any character string. Character String entry t f character string that has the value "true" or format line files "false". index geCpathname, gpn de c character string that represents a decimal index_set home dir number. length links dt character string that represents a date and search nondirectories, nondirs time (see also item 5 below). string nonlinks, branches 2. If an active function accepts more than one of a substr nonsegments, nonsegs specific argument, "_args" is added to the argument verify path name (e.g., tC~lfgS). pd Date and Time segments, segs 3. Arguments that must be given in pairs are indicated date strip with an "A" and "B" (e.g., strA strB). date time strip _ entry, spe 4. Optional arguments are enclosed in braces (e.g., day suffix {strB }). All other arguments are required. day_name unique 5. Each dt argument must be in a form acceptable to the hour wd convert_date_to_binary _ subroutine described in long_date the Multics Programmers' Manual Subroutines, Order minute User Parameter No. AG93. If an optional dt argument is not given, month have mail information about the current date and time is month name system returned. time user 6. The term star_name means any pathname that con year forms to the star convention. Question Asking Logical query The active functions listed below are grouped according and response to operation. An abbreviated description for each active function is given in the following pages, arranged in alpha betical rather than operational order.
59 60 entry and entryname portion of the absolute pathname of path. true if all the tCargs == true; otherwise false. Usage: [ entry path J Usage: [and tCargs] equal ceil true if strA = strB; othe:::wise false. smallest integer:;;, dec. Usage: [ equal strA strB I Usage: [ceil dec] exists checks for the existence of various types of items date depending on the value of key. date abbreviation in the form "mm/dd/yy". Usage: [exists key str J {dt} ] Usage: [ d~te key argument date time true if it has been passed an argument str; date abbreviation, a time from 0000.0 to 2359.9, a otherwise false. time zone abbreviation, and a day of the week abbreviation. branch true if a branch with path name str exists; [date_time {dt} Usage: I otherwise false. directory day true if a directory "ith pathname str exists; one- or two-digit number of a day of the month, from otherwise false. 1 to 31. entry Usage: [day {dt} I true if an entry with pathname str exists; otherwise false. day_name name of a day of the week. file true if a segment or muitisegment file str Usage: [day _name {dt} I exists; otherwise false.
directories, dirs link true if a link with pathname str exists; other names (separated by blanks) of all directories matching wise false. star name. msf Usage: [ directories star _name I true if a multisegment file with path name str exists; otherwise false. directory directory portion of the absolute pathname of path. non_null_link true if a link with pathname str exists and Usage: [directory path I points to an existing segment, directory, or multisegment file; otherwise false. divide segment integer part of the value of decA / decB. true if a nondirectory segment with pa thname Usage: [ divide decA decB I str exists; otherwise false.
61 62 files home dir pathname of the user's home directory (usually of the names (separated by blanks) of all segments, direc form >user_dir_dir> Project_id > Person_id). tories, links, and multisegment files matching a given star_name. Usage: [ home _ dir ] Usage: [files star_name 1 hour one- to two-digit number of an hour of the day, from floor o to 23. largest integer.;;;; dec. Usage: [hour {dt} ] Usage: [noor dec] index format_line, fl character position in strA where strB begins. If strB formatted character string that is constructed from a does not occur in strA, 0 is returned. control string and other optional arguments. Usage: l index strA strB 1 Usage: [format_line control_string {args} 1 index set control_string sequence of numbers from I through D (where 11 is a is an ioa_ control string that is used to format decimal integer), separated by spaces. the return value of the active function. Usage: [index_set 11 1 args substituted in the formatted return value, length according to the ioa_ control string. character representation of the number of characters in str. get_pathname, gpn Usage: [length str 1 absolute path name of the segment that is designated by the reference name or segment number specified. less Usage: [ get_pathname {-name} arg 1 true if str A < strB; otherwise false. -name Usage: [ less strA strB 1 indicates that arg (which looks like an octal seg ment number) is to be interpreted as a segment links name. names (separated by blanks) of all links matching a given star_name. arg reference name or segment number. Usage: [links star _name 1 greater long_date true if strA > strB; otherwise false. month name, a day number, and a year in the form "month, day, year". Usage: [ greater strA strB 1 Usage: [long_date {dt} 1 have_mail max true if there is mail in the user's current default mail numerical maximum of dec_args. box or in a specified mailbox; otherwise false. Usage: [max dec_ar~s I Usage: [have_mail { path} 1 64 63 nondirectories, nondirs min names (separated by blanks) of all segments, links, numerical minimum of dec_args. and multisegment files matching a given star_name. Usage: [min dec_args I Usage: [nondirectories star_name I
minus nonlinks, branches result of decA - decB. names (separated by blanks) of all segments, direc Usage: [minus decA decB I tories, and multisegment files matching a given star_name. minute Usage: [nonlinks star _name I one- or two-digit number of a minute of the hour, from 0 to 59. nonsegments, nonsegs names (separated by blanks) of all directories, links, Usage: [minute {dt} I and multisegment files matching a given star_name. Usage: [nonsegments star_name] mod decA modulo decB. not Usage: [mod decA decB I false if str = true; true if str = false; otherwise an error diagnostic. month one- or two-digit number of a month of the year, from Usage: [not SIr I 1 to 12. Usage: [month {dt} I or true if any tC arg = true; otherwise false. month name Usage.' [or tCargs 1 name of a month of the year. Usage: [month_name {dt} I path absolute pathname of path_arg (which is a pathname). nequal Usage: [path path_arg I true if decA = decB; otherwise false. Usage: [nequal decA decB I pd pathname of the process directory of the process in ngreater which it is invoked. true if decA > decB; otherwise false. Usage: [pd I Usage: I ngreater decA decB I plus nless sum of dec_args. true if decA < decB; otherwise false. Usage: [plus dec_args I Usage: I nless decA decB I 66 65 strip_entry, spe query entryname portion of the absolute pathname returned true if the user's answer to the question was "yes"; by the strip active function. If str is specified, the last false if the user's answer was" no"; otherwise an error component is removed only if it matches str. diagnostic. If the question is more than one word (arg Usage: [strip_entry path {str} J contains blanks), it must be enclosed in quotes. Usage: [query arg 1 substr quotient portion of str starting with decA and continuing for decB characters (the default for decB is 1 ). result of decA / decB. Usage: quotient [ decA decB 1 Usage: [substr str decA {decB} J response suffix answer typed by the user in response to the question last component of the entry name portion of the speci- specified by argo If arg contains blanks, it must be en fied segment. If that entryname has only one com closed in quotes. ponent. it returns the null string.
Usage: [response arg ) Usage: [su ffix pa t h J arg the question to be asked. system various installation-dependent system parameters search first character position in strA that meets the follow Usage: [system key I ing test: does any character in strB occur in strA? If key no character of strB occurs in strA, 0 is returned. company per-system parameter company name. Usage: I search str A strB 1 date_up segments, segs date that the system was brought up, in the names (separated by blanks) of all segments matching form "mm/dd/yy". a given star _name. department Usage: I segments star _name I per-system parameter computer center de- partment name. string down until date single character string. If no str _args are present, a null date thatthe system will next be brought up, character string is returned. If one or more str _args are if specified by operator, in the form present, then any quotes in these are doubled when "mm/dd/yy" . str_args are placed in the quoted return string. down until time Usage: I string {str _args} J ti~e thatthe system will next be brought up, if specified by operator, in the form strip "hhmm. t". absolute pathname of the specified entry with the last component removed. If str is specified, the last ds company -per-system parameter company name, with component is removed only if it matches str. the characters of the name double spaced. Usage: [strip path {str} I 68 67 ds department reason_ down -per-system parameter computer center de reason for nex t shu tdown, if spe<;:ified by partment name, with the characters of the operator. name double spaced. shift installation_id current shift number. per-system parameter installation iden tifica tion. shift _ change _ da te last down date. date on which current shift number will date th;t service was last interrupted, change to next_shift. whether by shutdown or crash. shift _ change_time last_ down_ reason time at which current shift number will reason for the last system service in terrup change to next_shift. tion, if known. The reason may be: sysid shutdown normal system shutdown version number of the hardcore system tape crash system crash (no number currently running. assigned) D number of system crash time_up last down time time that system was brought up, in the time th;t service was last interrupted. form "hhmm.t". max units c~rrent maximum number of load units, in time the form "nnn.n". four-di~d! time of day in the form "hh:mm" where max_ users 00 « hh « 23 and 00 « mm « 59. current maximum number of users. Usage: [time {dt} 1 n units current number of logged-in load units in times cluding daemon and absentee, in the form result of decA decB. "nnn.n". * Usage: [times decA decB 1 n users current number of logged-in users including trunc daemon and absentee. largest integer whose absolute value is « absolute value next down date of dec. d;te that-system will nex t be shut down, if specified by operator. Usage: [trunc dec 1 nex t down time unique ti~c tha~system will next be shut down, if specified by operator. uniq ue character string as generated by the unique_ chars_ subroutine. next shift next shift number. Usage: [unique 1
69 70 max auth short string for the rna:\. authorization of the user user's process or system_low. various user parameters. max auth long Usage: [user key) l~ng str~g (in quotes) for the max authori- key zation of the user's process or "system_low" absentee name true if the user is an absentee user; other user's User_id at login time. wise false. outer modulo initial outer modulo for the terminal channel. absin absolute pathname of absentee user's ab preemption_time sentee input segment including the absin time at which the primary user becomes suffix; otherwise a null string. eligible for group preemption, in the form absout "hhmm.t". absolute path name of absentee user's ab process_id sentee output segment; otherwise a null user's process identification in octal. string. project anonymous user's Project_id. true if the user is an anonymous user; protected otherwise false. true is user curren tly a primary user and protected from preemption; otherwise false. auth short string for the authorization of the secondary user's process or system_low. true if the user is currently subject to pre- auth_Iong emption; otherwise raise. long string (in quotes) for the authorization term id of the user's process or "system_low". u~r's terminal ID code. It is "none" if the user's terminal does not have the answer brieCbit back feature. true if the user specified the -brief control argument in his login line; otherwise false. term type u~r's terminal type. It can have one of the cpu_sees following values: user's CPU usage (in seconds) since login, in "Absentee" "CORR2741" "TN300" the form "sss. t" with leading ze fOS "Network" "TIY33" "ARDS" suppressed. "} 050" "TTY37" "ASCII" log_time "2741" "TTY38" user connect time (in minutes) sinee login, the form "mmm.t". verify _ . login_date first character position in strA that fails the followmg date at login time, in the form test: does any character in strB occur in strA? If every "mm/dd/yy". character of strB occurs in strA, 0 is returned. login_time Usage: [verify strA strB I time of login, in the form "hhmm. t". 72 71 wd pathname of the working directory. Usage: [wd I year two-digit number of a year of the century. Usage: [ year {dt} 1
MULTICS ASCII CHARACTER SET
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 000 NUL BEL 010 BS HT NL VT NP CR SO SI 020 030
040 Space " # $ % & 050 ( ) * + / 060 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 070 8 9 < > ? 100 Cd A B C D E F G 110 H I J K L M N 0 120 P Q R S T U V W 130 X y Z [ \ ] A 140 a b c d e f g 150 h J k m n 0 160 P q r s u v w 170 x y z { } PAD
Unused Characters These characters are reserved for future use: SOH 001 ACK 006 DC4 024 EM 031 STX 002 DLE 020 NAK 025 SUB 032 ETX 003 DC1 021 SYN 026 ESC 033 Honeywell EOT 004 DC2 022 ETB 027 1·'S 034 ENQ 005 DC3 023 CAN 030 GS 035 '. , .~lllnformation $ptema . In IheU.5.A.; 200 Smith Street. MS 486. Waltham. M8$$IICI1usefts 02154 RS 036 In Canada: 2025 Sheppard Avenue East. WiMowdaie. Ontario M2J 1Ws US 037 In MexICO: Avenida Nuevo Leon 250. Mexico 11. D.F.
15607, 5576, Printed in U.S.A. AW17. Rev. 0 73