Redakční Rada: Rndr. Denisa Blažková, Csc. Ing. Petr Moucha, Csc. Rndr. František Pojer Rndr. Ivana Jongepierová Ing

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Redakční Rada: Rndr. Denisa Blažková, Csc. Ing. Petr Moucha, Csc. Rndr. František Pojer Rndr. Ivana Jongepierová Ing Redakní rada: RNDr. Denisa Blažková, CSc. Ing. Petr Moucha, CSc. RNDr. František Pojer RNDr. Ivana Jongepierová Ing. Jií Danihelka Ing. M. Štech, PhD Mgr. Eva Suchomelová Mgr. Jií Kumpošt RNDr. Ludmila Kirschnerová RNDr. Alexandra Klaudisová © Agentura ochrany pírody a krajiny R ISBN 80–86064–52–2 ISSN 1211–3603 Píroda, Praha, 18: 1–166, 2001 erný a ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin eské republiky (stav v roce 2000) Black and Red List of Vascular Plants of the Czech Republic – 2000 Editor FRANTIŠEK PROCHÁZKA Autoi PETR BUREŠ, JAN EOVSKÝ, JIÍ DANIHELKA, VÍT GRULICH, JIÍ HADINEC, PETR HAVLÍEK, LUBOMÍR HROUDA, JINDICH CHRTEK jun., ZDENK KAPLAN, JAN KIRSCHNER, LUDMILA KIRSCHNEROVÁ, ALEXANDRA KLAUDISOVÁ, KAREL KUBÁT, FRANTIŠEK PROCHÁZKA, VLADIMÍR EHOEK, ZDENK SKÁLA, OTAKAR ŠÍDA, MILAN ŠTECH, JAN ŠTPÁNEK, JITKA ŠTPÁNKOVÁ, VÁCLAV VTVIKA, BOHUMIL TRÁVNÍEK a JIÍ ZÁZVORKA Praha 2001 Recenzenti: Doc. RNDr. Viera Feráková, CSc. RNDr. František Krahulec, CSc. Bibl. citace: PROCHÁZKA F. [ed.] (2001): erný a ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin eské republiky (stav v roce 2000). – Píroda, Praha, 18: 1–166. Hoc volumen in memoriam claram botanici excellentissimi Josef Holub (5. 2. 1930 – 23. 7. 1999) dedicatur 3 Obsah Úvod............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Od prvotních snah o druhovou ochranu rostlin do vydání prvního erveného seznamu cévnatých rostlin eské republiky v roce 1979 ........................................................................................................................ 6 Od vydání prvního erveného seznamu cévnatých rostlin eské republiky do aktuální verze roku 2000... 7 Poznámky k formálnímu zpracování erného a erveného seznamu ........................................................... 9 lenní seznamu......................................................................................................................................... 10 Použité zkratky........................................................................................................................................... 12 Aktuální dodatky a opravy ......................................................................................................................... 12 erný seznam cévnatých rostlin eské republiky...................................................................................... 14 A1 Vyhynulé taxony 14 A2 Nezvstné taxony 16 A3 Nejasné pípady 17 ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin eské republiky .................................................................................. 21 C1 Kriticky ohrožené 21 C2 Siln ohrožené 34 C3 Ohrožené 43 C4 Vzácnjší taxony vyžadující další pozornost 53 C4a Vzácnjší vyžadující pozornost – mén ohrožené 53 C4b Vzácnjší vyžadující pozornost – nedostaten prostudované 58 eský abecední erný a ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin........................................................................ 61 Latinský abecední erný a ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin.................................................................. 100 Závr......................................................................................................................................................... 135 Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 135 Literatura .................................................................................................................................................. 138 4 ”Naši vnuci budou žít ve svt, který bude padesát procent dnešních druh rostlin znát už jenom jako neživé preparáty.” Jane LUBCHENKO (University of Oregon), srpen 1999 na 16. svtovém botanickém kongresu v Saint Louis (USA) Úvod Zajišování poteb rozvinuté lidské spolenosti klade stále vtší nároky na využívání všech pírodních zdroj, následkem ehož dochází k takovým zmnám pírodního prostedí, které by díve sotva bylo možno pedpokládat. Tyto neustálé zmny krajiny se odrážejí v rychlém ochuzování biologické diverzity pírodního prostedí a z hlediska botanického se projevují jako nápadné, vesms negativní, kvantitativní i kvalitativní zmny vegetace a flóry. Mnohé druhy rostlin ustupují, nkteré dokonce již úpln nebo tém úpln vymizely. Pitom nejsou tyto negativní zmny v první ad dsledkem pímého využívání nebo poškozování jednotlivých druh (nap. jejich sbrem jako rostlin užitkových – léivých, aromatických, dekorativních, domnle magických; neuváženým i neopodstatnným sbrem pro botanické sbírky atd.), ale jde tu o následky pímých i nepímých vliv civilizaních proces, jako jsou odlesování, odvodování, zmny v obhospodaování zemdlské a lesní pdy, urbanizace, zábor pdy pro nejrznjší výstavbu, tžba nerostných surovin, zakládání pehrad, budování komunikací atd., vetn zneišování pírodního prostedí odpady nejrznjšího druhu. To asto vede k destrukcím stanoviš, roztrhání areál, zmenšení hustoty a snížení velikosti populací, což mže zpsobit až vyhynutí taxonu bu ve vtší i menší ásti areálu, anebo v horším pípad i v areálu celém. Z hlediska nejen vdeckého a ekonomického, ale v neposlední míe i morálního, je proto spolenost povinna chránit fytogenofond ve stavu, do nhož v prbhu dlouhodobého období své evoluce dospl. Bez ohledu na skutenost, že souasné využití celkového genofondu je zatím nepatrné, jsou jeho ztráty nenahraditelné. Jako jeden z teoretických podklad pro aktivní ochranu fytogenofondu slouží mj. i ervené seznamy, stanovující stupe ohrožení jednotlivých taxon na základ aktuáln dostupných vdeckých poznatk. Jejich význam pro ochranáskou praxi není snad zapotebí zdrazovat, protože to jsou základní dokumenty pro stanovování priorit v druhové ochran rostlin, motivované snahami po zachování diverzity fytogenofondu. Ped nedávnem byl zveejnn nový ervený seznam cévnatých rostlin eské republiky (HOLUB & PROCHÁZKA 2000). Vyšel v anglickém jazyce a vzhledem k použité taxonomické koncepci a z toho vyplývající nomenklatue (v citované práci jen vdecké) je jen málo pístupný širší ochranáské veejnosti, nehled k tomu, že jeho dostupnost je limitována i znan omezeným nákladem. Zde pedkládaná forma zpracování zpístupuje nový ervený seznam široké profesionální i laické veejnosti. Co do vcného obsahu je zcela totožný s již publikovanou výše citovanou verzí (obsahuje tytéž rostliny se stejným zaazením). Formáln se však liší v tchto bodech: • Je použita jiná taxonomická koncepce. (Pojetí rod se snaží piblížit koncepci bžn používané v EU nap. WISSKIRCHEN R. et HAEUPLER H. 1998). Napíklad vymezení rodu Potentilla (mochna) je širší, zahrnuje i rody Drymocallis (veteník) a Comarum (záblník); rod Hieracium (jestábník) zahrnuje i skupinu druh azenou nkdy do samostatného rodu Pilosella (chlupáek); podobn rod Carex (ostice) zahrnuje i taxony díve vyleované do rodu Vignea (tuice). Do druhu Oxycoccus palustris (klikva bahenní) je inkludován i taxon O. hagerupii (k. Hagerupova) a v etných pípadech jsou v tomto zpracování zaazeny nkteré taxony, v anglické verzi uvedené jako samostatné druhy, jen jako poddruhy (Pastinaca opaca – pastinák tmavý = P. sativa subsp. urens – pastinák setý palivý, Isatis praecox – boryt asný = I. tinctoria subsp. praecox – boryt barvíský asný, Dactylis slovenica – srha slovenská = D. glomerata subsp. slovenica – s. lalonatá slovenská, Filipendula stepposa – tužebník stepní = F. ulmaria subsp. picbaueri – t. jilmový Picbauerv nebo Anthriscus longirostris – kerblík šttinoplodý = A. cerefolium subsp. trichosperma – k. tebule šttinoplodá apod.). Naopak jsou zde v nemnohých pípadech, na rozdíl od pvodní anglické verze, uvedeny nkteré taxony, díve chápané jen jako subspecie, na úrovni samostatných druh (Lappula heteracantha subsp. heterocarpa – strošek íškovitý rznoplodý jako L. semicincta – s. polopásý nebo Dianthus seguieri subsp. glaber – hvozdík kovištní lysý jako D. sylvaticus – h. lesní atd.). Všechna jména použitá v díve publikovaném originálním znní tohoto erveného seznamu jsou uvedena v synonymice. 4 Další synonyma jsou do seznamu pojata jen v nezbytné míe, tj. tehdy, kdy je to zapotebí k pochopení, o jaký taxon vbec jde (Camelina alyssum subsp. integerrima – lnika taicovitá celokrajná, Montia arvensis – zdrojovka rolní apod.), anebo bylo-li ve vyhlášce . 395/1992 Sb. k zákonu o ochran pírody a krajiny použito jiné jméno (nap. Saxifraga decipiens – lomikámen ržicovitý pro S. rosacea – l. trsnatý). Jsou doplnna eská jména. Tam, kde se liší zde použité eské jméno od jmen uvedených ve vyhlášce 395/1992 Sb. nebo od jména v Kvten eské republiky i od jinak všeobecn vžitého jména, vtšinou Dostálova, jsou uvedena eská synonyma. • Kategorie C4, jež zstala v originálním znní tohoto erveného seznamu (HOLUB & PROCHÁZKA 2000) v pojetí více mén stejném jako v první verzi erveného seznamu z roku 1979 (HOLUB, PROCHÁZKA & E OVSKÝ 1979), je v tomto zpracování rozdlena na dv podkategorie: C4a = vzácnjší taxony vyžadující další pozornost – mén ohrožené (IUCN: lower risk) a C4b = vzácnjší taxony vyžadující další pozornost – dosud nedostaten prostudované (IUCN: data deficient). • Pi praktickém užívání starších ervených seznam, v nichž jsou stejn jako v této nové verzi azeny taxony do skupin podle jednotlivých kategorií ohrožení, se ukázalo jako ponkud obtížné vyhledávat zaazení (stupe ohrožení) konkrétních taxon. Proto je pedkládané zpracování doplnno abecedními seznamy (eských i vdeckých jmen), kde je za jménem pipojena zkratka kategorie, do níž je píslušný taxon zaazen. V obou abecedních rejstících jsou mimo zaazení do píslušné
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