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Svampe68.Pdf 68 SVAMPE 2013 Fra mine svampejagtmarker af Martin Vestergaard Jagtmarken i sneklæder. Foto Martin Vestergaard. Svampemylder i haven blandt Rosabladet Tragtridderhat (Leucopaxil- lus rhodoleucus) med kun få fund for Sverige og På en fuglekikke-tur til Falsterbo i 1980’erne i øvrigt næsten lige så sjælden i Danmark. Fanta- fortalte en af mine ornitologiske medpatienter stisk historie, syntes jeg. mig en god historie om hvordan han, mens Tho- Ca. 10 år senere købte jeg og min kone et mas (red.: Thomas Læssøe) og andre var ved at hus mellem Næstved og Vordingborg i den lille slå teltene ned, kravlede ind i et krat og til Tho- landsby Kostræde Banker syd for Dybsø Fjord. mas’ store overraskelse kom ud med hænderne Det var sidst på vinteren, men jeg havde lagt fulde af nogle meget sjældne svampe. Fire-fem mærke til at der groede Kornet Stenbræk på de stykker af dem havde Thomas ikke set før, heri- sandede bakker i haven, så jeg håbede på at den Martin Vestergaard, Svinøvej 23, 4750 Lundby; [email protected] From my hunting grounds – a plethora of fungi in the garden A large garden on calcareous sand, situated in the southern part of Sjælland (Zealand) that includes abandoned gravel pits, is presented as a mycofloristic heaven with a range of rarely recorded species, including the very rare Lyophyllum hebelomoides. Six species of Geastrum occur in the garden, and Leucopaxillus rhodoleucus is one of the dominant species. Other typical species for the garden include Ramaria decurrens, Rhodocybe fallax, a host of lepi- otoid fungi and small mycenas. The table lists a range of the more rarely recorded species in a Danish perspective of which eight were new country records. Most of the fungi are ephemeral in their occurence, and require expertise for identfication. In the garden, thorough studies have also been made on vascular plants and butterflies. Some uncom- mon plants and rare species of butterflies and moths do occur, but no red-listed plants have been found, which em- phasizes the danger of jumping to conclusions in environmental evaluations based on inventories of only few groups of organisms. Speculations are made on why the garden hosts such a variety of rare fungi. Svampe 68, 2013 1 17.029 kvadratmeter store grund ville have nog- re med Thomas. Så når han ikke kendte denne le overdrevskvaliteter. Da det blev sensommer, 6 cm store hatsvamp, måtte det betyde, at den og de „rigtige“ svampe (paddehatte) begyndte med stor sandsynlighed måtte være et monster- at dukke op, gjorde jeg store øjne da en af de hit. Allerede den følgende tirsdag kunne Tho- første var den Barbie-lyserøde svamp, som jeg mas oplyse, at det var Lyophyllum hebelomoi- stadig kunne huske fra den vilde historie fra Fal- des og kun andet fund for verden!!! Den var kun sterbo: Leucopaxillus rhodoleucus. Det måtte kendt fra typelokaliteten Spandau, Berlin, hvor være den, jeg kunne i hvert fald ikke huske at den var beskrevet i 1981. Og den er vist ikke set have set noget andet der lignede, selvom jeg skal der siden, så måske har jeg med lodder og trisser være den første til at indrømme at jeg ikke ken- en endemisk svamp for haven! Arten fik siden der alle afkroge af den danske funga. det danske navn Lerbrun Gråblad. Thomas havde spurgt om jeg ikke kunne 14 dage senere var Thomas forbi haven for anbefale nogle overdrev i mine nye omgivelser, at vise hittet frem i forbindelse med den nordi- og jeg havde forestillet mig at Stejlebanke lige ske mykologisk kongres i Nykøbing F., men den ved siden af, som er helt forrygende botanisk var desværre nede. Til gengæld fandt de en an- set, måtte kunne tilfredsstille en kræsen svam- den ny art for landet på en stor flisbunke, nem- pekender. Så Thomas kom herned en dag sidst i lig Året Agerhat (Agrocybe rivulosa), og der oktober, men vi fandt ikke rigtig noget, der vir- var tilstrækkeligt med andre ting fremme til at kelig var værd at skrive hjem om. Men inden vi overbevise folket om havens evner. Agerhatten nåede så langt, skulle vi da lige rondere haven, er siden fundet flere steder i landet og er under som Thomas kunne bekræfte var voksested for spredning; den stammer muligvis fra Nordame- Rosabladet Tragtridderhat. Det øsregnede, men rika (se Svampe 63). vi fandt så meget spændende, at vi var tre timer Lerbrun Gråblad har ikke været oppe hvert om at gå en „lille tur“ i haven, og her var der en år siden, men den var det i 2010, og i 2011 fandt Bægersvampen Peziza subcitrina som dukkede op i haven på kompost fra genbrugsstationen. Foto Thomas Læssøe. del at skrive hjem om. Hvilket på en måde er jeg den endda på endnu et mycelium og fordob- det jeg gør her. På denne første tur fandt vi syv lede dermed antallet af kendte, recente fore- mycelier af Tragtridderhatten, der var et væld komster. Indrømmet, det er ikke verdens mest Hvorfor nu det? Selvfølgelig er der ikke noget med havens svampe er: jeg kan hurtigt se når af parasolhatte, og fire arter af stjernebolde var spektakulære svamp, bare sådan en brunlig grå- enkelt svar, men det må have noget at gøre med: noget nyt dukker op, for jeg kender mange af fremme den dag. Gråhåret Rødblad stod skul- blad. Og alle som jeg fortæller om den, gætter mycelierne i haven. Og jeg ved at når visse arter der ved skulder overalt i krattene, og under et på, at den må være overset andre steder, hvilket 1. Havens geologi: kalkblandet sand. Døde bla- er oppe, er det på tide at lede efter flere. Måske af de mange syrenkrat sad en smuk klynge af sikkert også er rigtigt, men hvor overset noget de omsættes lynhurtigt. orker man også bedre at kravle rundt sådan et Pragtnavlehat (Haasiella venustissima). Siden er er, kan man kun gisne om. Og sjov er forekom- sted og give sig den tid, der skal til for at få øje der kommet to stjernebolde mere til, men mere sten i hvert fald. 2. Klima: Vi har storebæltsklima med meget sol, på de mindre iøjnefaldende arter. Ligesom på om det senere. Under min ene meget store Ægte De fede arter i haven har fået mig til at gen- milde vintre og ikke ret meget regn, så sydlige de såkaldte „kaffepletter“. Svampe kræver lidt Kastanie voksede der Kastanie-Brunskive (Rut- optage svampekikkeriet, som jeg mest havde arter er glade (faktisk er den frostfrie periode 60 tid og nærsynethed for at blive fundet. Det er stroemia echinophila) på sidste års skaller, og in- dyrket som dreng. De sidste par år har jeg været dage (!) længere her end ved Kølkær i Jylland). ikke kun jordbunden. den vi havde set os om, nærmede vi os på denne ret aktiv på Dansk Svampeatlas, som jeg synes første havetur 10 arter der var rødlistede eller er helt fantastisk godt, velfungerende og inspire- 3. Variation: I haven er der ud over grusgrave Voksesteder kun kendt fra ganske få fund fra Danmark. rende. Det ansporer mange til at komme i gang, lidt skov med mykorrhiza-træer og dødt ved (jeg Haven rummer arealer med overdrev og halv- Siden har det været forholdsvis let at lokke hvilket er uvurderligt. lader mange døde træer ligge). Der er overdrev, gammel selvsået skov, mest eg og ask, samt to Thomas ned at se på svampe i haven. men der er også bede med sphagnum, flis og grusgrave. En weekend kom jeg hjem og så Thomas’ Hvorfor er min have en særlig svampelo- kompost, og alle disse steder er der fundet hits. Jeg gør hvad jeg kan, for at græsplænerne er bil i indkørslen. Det varede ikke længe, før jeg kalitet? Under mine Rhododendron har der været Brun- så udpinte som muligt, og de domineres da også fandt ham nede på kanten af grusgraven, hvor Jeg er altid i humør til et hit og har nogle rigtig filtet Orangekantarel (Hygrophoropsis rufa) og af mos, Mark-Frytle og Håret Høgeurt. Et enkelt han fortalte mig, at han havde fundet en svamp, gode muligheder i det gamle Storstrøms Amt, Gråsort Silkehat (Leucocoprinus brebissonii). sted står godt en snes Almindelig Månerude, og han ikke kendte. Det blev jeg rigtigt glad for at hvor der er mange stjernelokaliteter og ikke ret På kompost fra genbrugsstationen har der været et andet et lidt større antal Majgøgeurt. Jeg tror høre, ikke fordi det frydede mig, at Thomas ikke mange aktive svampekikkere. Alligevel har jeg Conocybe anthracophila og Peziza subcitrina, heller ikke de forrige ejere gødede plænerne, kender alt til svampe, men da vi fandt Haasiella, gang på gang været på en god lokalitet og ikke og i flisbunken som nævnt Året Agerhat. som vel dækker ca. 5.000 kvm, og jeg bruger vidste han præcis hvem, der havde gjort hvilke fundet noget særligt, og har så hjemme i vores opsamler og timer klipningen, så man kan nyde fund af den, og hvornår. Sådan plejer det at væ- velundersøgte have fået øje på endnu et par hits. 4. Allervigtigst tror jeg dog at min fortrolighed frugtlegemer af svampe og øer med blomstren- 2 Svampe 68, 2013 3 de overdrevsplanter. På plænerne vokser: Tidlig Huesvamp, Rød Ametysthat og Gultrævlet Slør- Nogle mycelier, særligt de rigest bærende, kan Glanshat, Bredsporet Hjulhat, Storsporet Hjul- hat (nogle af de mange små, grimme slørhatte være meget trofaste fra år til år, men nogle ar- hat og Plæne-Hjulhat, Alm. Agerhat, Dværg- er blevet bestemt til denne, men det er uklart ter er decideret troløse og kræver et eller andet Agerhat, Arrhenia obscurata, diverse rødblade, hvor mange arter haven rummer af disse små specielt.
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