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1 It's All Geek to Me: Translating Names Of
IT’S ALL GEEK TO ME: TRANSLATING NAMES OF INSECTARIUM ARTHROPODS Prof. J. Phineas Michaelson, O.M.P. U.S. Biological and Geological Survey of the Territories Central Post Office, Denver City, Colorado Territory [or Year 2016 c/o Kallima Consultants, Inc., PO Box 33084, Northglenn, CO 80233-0084] ABSTRACT Kids today! Why don’t they know the basics of Greek and Latin? Either they don’t pay attention in class, or in many cases schools just don’t teach these classic languages of science anymore. For those who are Latin and Greek-challenged, noted (fictional) Victorian entomologist and explorer, Prof. J. Phineas Michaelson, will present English translations of the scientific names that have been given to some of the popular common arthropods available for public exhibits. This paper will explore how species get their names, as well as a brief look at some of the naturalists that named them. INTRODUCTION Our education system just isn’t what it used to be. Classic languages such as Latin and Greek are no longer a part of standard curriculum. Unfortunately, this puts modern students of science at somewhat of a disadvantage compared to our predecessors when it comes to scientific names. In the insectarium world, Latin and Greek names are used for the arthropods that we display, but for most young entomologists, these words are just a challenge to pronounce and lack meaning. Working with arthropods, we all know that Entomology is the study of these animals. Sounding similar but totally different, Etymology is the study of the origin of words, and the history of word meaning. -
2017 Denver, CO
Entomological Collections Network Annual Meeting Saturday, November 4 – Sunday, November 5, 2017 Denver Convention Center, Denver, CO Saturday, November 4, 2017 Denver Convention Center, Meeting Room 607 7:00–8:10 am Registration and Coffee 8:10–8:15 am Welcome and Announcements CONTRIBUTED TALKS SESSION 1 Moderator: Andrew B.T. Smith, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, ON, CANADA Timekeeper: Mark Metz, USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA 8:15–8:27 am Rancho La Brea Insects: Recent Methodological Advances Enable Diverse Lines of Research of the Most Extensive Quaternary Insect Collection Anna Holden (1,2,3), John Southon (4), Kipling Will (5), Matthew Kirby (6), Rolf Aalbu (7) & Molly Markey (8) (1) American Museum of Natural History, New York City, NY, USA; (2) La Brea Tar Pits and Museum, Los Angeles, CA, USA; (3) Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA; (4) UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; (5) University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; (6) California State, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, USA; (7) California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; (8) AIR Worldwide, Boston, MA, USA While the Rancho La Brea Tar Pits (RLB) constitutes the richest Ice Age locality and famous for its vast collection of large extinct mammals and birds, its insect collection is even more extensive yet has remained understudied. A persistent problem with stratigraphic correlation at this site is that asphalt flows are characteristically intermittent and discontinuous, which can result in the mixing fossils of significantly different ages. New methods of AMS radiocarbon dating of insect chitin in combination with georeferenced- based climate extraction methods circumvent this lack of stratigraphy and increasing the significance of RLB insects as paleoenvironmental indicators by enabling placement of insects’ climate restrictions along a chronology for the first time. -
January 2015 • Vol
Published by the American Physiological Society – Integrating the Life Sciences from Molecule to Organism THEPHYSIOLOGIST January 2015 • Vol. 58/No. 1 A Matter of Opinion from the President What Does Peer Review Need? Research funding decisions require a strong peer review process. After all, who but the experts can identify the Guyton Educator of the Year Award most promising science? At the same time, complaining about peer review Herbert F. Janssen has always been one of scientists’ favorite pastimes. Although these complaints are not new, I believe our The humble gratitude I feel as recipient of current peer review system for grants is the Guyton Educator of the Year Award facing serious challenges. necessitates that I acknowledge my friend and colleague David Osborne for the nomination, Full Participation the colleagues and students who supported A major problem is that too few the nomination, and the numerous students senior, experienced reviewers choose who, over the years, helped develop my to serve on peer review panels. It is teaching style and philosophy of education. easy to blame the difficult funding I must also thank the American Physiological Society, the APS Selection Committee, and Continued on page 13 Herbert F. Janssen Elsevier for recognizing the importance of educators in APS. THIS ISSUE: Over a century ago, the Flexner Report concluded that didactic lectures 3 Success in Research at an were hopelessly antiquated and belonged to an age of accepted Undergraduate Institution dogma, “when the professor ‘knew’ and the students ‘learned’” (1). Abraham Flexner encouraged medical educators to provide students 17 Nebraska Physiological the opportunity to learn rather than be taught. -
Long Rdna Amplicon Sequencing of Insect-Infecting Nephridiophagids
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Long rDNA amplicon sequencing of insect‑infecting nephridiophagids reveals their afliation to the Chytridiomycota and a potential to switch between hosts Jürgen F. H. Strassert 1*, Christian Wurzbacher 2, Vincent Hervé 3, Taraha Antany1, Andreas Brune 3 & Renate Radek 1* Nephridiophagids are unicellular eukaryotes that parasitize the Malpighian tubules of numerous insects. Their life cycle comprises multinucleate vegetative plasmodia that divide into oligonucleate and uninucleate cells, and sporogonial plasmodia that form uninucleate spores. Nephridiophagids are poor in morphological characteristics, and although they have been tentatively identifed as early‑branching fungi based on the SSU rRNA gene sequences of three species, their exact position within the fungal tree of live remained unclear. In this study, we describe two new species of nephridiophagids (Nephridiophaga postici and Nephridiophaga javanicae) from cockroaches. Using long‑read sequencing of the nearly complete rDNA operon of numerous further species obtained from cockroaches and earwigs to improve the resolution of the phylogenetic analysis, we found a robust afliation of nephridiophagids with the Chytridiomycota—a group of zoosporic fungi that comprises parasites of diverse host taxa, such as microphytes, plants, and amphibians. The presence of the same nephridiophagid species in two only distantly related cockroaches indicates that their host specifcity is not as strict as generally assumed. Insects are the most diverse group of all animals. So far, about one million species have been described and recent estimates for extant species range from 2.6 to 7.8 million1,2. Tey are globally distributed and impact human life at numerous levels. In agriculture, for instance, insects play a major role as both pollinators (e.g., honey bees) and pests that feed on crops (e.g., grasshoppers). -
John Hooper - Pioneer British Batman
NEWSLETTER AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON VOLUME 26 x NUMBER xJULY 2010 THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON Registered Charity Number 220509 Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BF Tel. (+44) (0)20 7434 4479; Fax: (+44) (0)20 7287 9364 e-mail: [email protected]; internet: www.linnean.org President Secretaries Council Dr Vaughan Southgate BOTANICAL The Officers and Dr Sandra D Knapp Prof Geoffrey Boxshall Vice-Presidents Prof Mark Chase Dr Mike Fay ZOOLOGICAL Prof Dianne Edwards Dr Sandra D Knapp Dr Malcolm Scoble Mr Alistair Land Dr Keith Maybury Dr Terry Langford Dr Malcolm Scoble EDITORIAL Mr Brian Livingstone Dr John R Edmondson Prof Geoff Moore Treasurer Ms Sara Oldfield Professor Gren Ll Lucas OBE COLLECTIONS Dr Sylvia Phillips Mrs Susan Gove Mr Terence Preston Executive Secretary Dr Mark Watson Dr Ruth Temple Librarian Dr David Williams Mrs Lynda Brooks Prof Patricia Willmer Financial Controller/Membership Mr Priya Nithianandan Deputy Librarian Conservator Mr Ben Sherwood Ms Janet Ashdown Building and Office Manager Ms Victoria Smith Honorary Archivist Conservation Assistant Ms Gina Douglas Ms Lucy Gosnay Communications Manager Ms Claire Inman Special Publications and Education Manager Ms Leonie Berwick Office Assistant Mr Tom Helps THE LINNEAN Newsletter and Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London ISSN 0950-1096 Edited by Brian G Gardiner Editorial ................................................................................................................ 1 Society News.............................................................................................................. -
A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach Fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida
Species Identification - Cockroaches of Florida 1 A Dichotomous Key for the Identification of the Cockroach fauna (Insecta: Blattaria) of Florida Insect Classification Exercise Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida, Gainesville 32611 Abstract: Students used available literature and specimens to produce a dichotomous key to species of cockroaches recorded from Florida. This exercise introduced students to techniques used in studying a group of insects, in this case Blattaria, to produce a regional species key. Producing a guide to a group of insects as a class exercise has proven useful both as a teaching tool and as a method to generate information for the public. Key Words: Blattaria, Florida, Blatta, Eurycotis, Periplaneta, Arenivaga, Compsodes, Holocompsa, Myrmecoblatta, Blatella, Cariblatta, Chorisoneura, Euthlastoblatta, Ischnoptera,Latiblatta, Neoblatella, Parcoblatta, Plectoptera, Supella, Symploce,Blaberus, Epilampra, Hemiblabera, Nauphoeta, Panchlora, Phoetalia, Pycnoscelis, Rhyparobia, distributions, systematics, education, teaching, techniques. Identification of cockroaches is limited here to adults. A major source of confusion is the recogni- tion of adults from nymphs (Figs. 1, 2). There are subjective differences, as well as morphological differences. Immature cockroaches are known as nymphs. Nymphs closely resemble adults except nymphs are generally smaller and lack wings and genital openings or copulatory appendages at the tip of their abdomen. Many species, however, have wingless adult females. Nymphs of these may be recognized by their shorter, relatively broad cerci and lack of external genitalia. Male cockroaches possess styli in addition to paired cerci. Styli arise from the subgenital plate and are generally con- spicuous, but may also be reduced in some species. Styli are absent in adult females and nymphs. -
Thesis (PDF, 13.51MB)
Insects and their endosymbionts: phylogenetics and evolutionary rates Daej A Kh A M Arab The University of Sydney Faculty of Science 2021 A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Authorship contribution statement During my doctoral candidature I published as first-author or co-author three stand-alone papers in peer-reviewed, internationally recognised journals. These publications form the three research chapters of this thesis in accordance with The University of Sydney’s policy for doctoral theses. These chapters are linked by the use of the latest phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary techniques for analysing obligate mutualistic endosymbionts and their host mitochondrial genomes to shed light on the evolutionary history of the two partners. Therefore, there is inevitably some repetition between chapters, as they share common themes. In the general introduction and discussion, I use the singular “I” as I am the sole author of these chapters. All other chapters are co-authored and therefore the plural “we” is used, including appendices belonging to these chapters. Part of chapter 2 has been published as: Bourguignon, T., Tang, Q., Ho, S.Y., Juna, F., Wang, Z., Arab, D.A., Cameron, S.L., Walker, J., Rentz, D., Evans, T.A. and Lo, N., 2018. Transoceanic dispersal and plate tectonics shaped global cockroach distributions: evidence from mitochondrial phylogenomics. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35(4), pp.970-983. The chapter was reformatted to include additional data and analyses that I undertook towards this paper. My role was in the paper was to sequence samples, assemble mitochondrial genomes, perform phylogenetic analyses, and contribute to the writing of the manuscript. -
Phylogeny and Life History Evolution of Blaberoidea (Blattodea)
78 (1): 29 – 67 2020 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2020. Phylogeny and life history evolution of Blaberoidea (Blattodea) Marie Djernæs *, 1, 2, Zuzana K otyková Varadínov á 3, 4, Michael K otyk 3, Ute Eulitz 5, Kla us-Dieter Klass 5 1 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom — 2 Natural History Museum Aarhus, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Marie Djernæs * [[email protected]] — 3 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sci- ence, Charles University, Prague, 12844, Czech Republic; Zuzana Kotyková Varadínová [[email protected]]; Michael Kotyk [[email protected]] — 4 Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, 11579, Czech Republic — 5 Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstrasse 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany; Klaus-Dieter Klass [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author Accepted on February 19, 2020. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on May 26, 2020. Editor in charge: Gavin Svenson Abstract. Blaberoidea, comprised of Ectobiidae and Blaberidae, is the most speciose cockroach clade and exhibits immense variation in life history strategies. We analysed the phylogeny of Blaberoidea using four mitochondrial and three nuclear genes from 99 blaberoid taxa. Blaberoidea (excl. Anaplectidae) and Blaberidae were recovered as monophyletic, but Ectobiidae was not; Attaphilinae is deeply subordinate in Blattellinae and herein abandoned. Our results, together with those from other recent phylogenetic studies, show that the structuring of Blaberoidea in Blaberidae, Pseudophyllodromiidae stat. rev., Ectobiidae stat. rev., Blattellidae stat. rev., and Nyctiboridae stat. rev. (with “ectobiid” subfamilies raised to family rank) represents a sound basis for further development of Blaberoidea systematics. -
MADAGASCAR HISSING COCKROACH Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Blattaria Blaberidae Gromphadorhina Portentosa
MADAGASCAR HISSING COCKROACH Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Blattaria Blaberidae Gromphadorhina portentosa Range: Madagascar Habitat: Decaying leaf litter, rotting wood on forest floors. Niche: Nocturnal, omnivorous, terrestrial Diet: Wild: Scavengers, decaying plant and animal material Zoo: Finely ground chick or hog meal, vegetables, fruit Special Adaptations: Large, wingless species. Males and females are the same size at maturity, averaging three to four inches. Males are easily distinguished from females by the presence of two horns on their prothorax. Females lack these horns. Further methods of distinguishing the males from females include looking at the thorax, the antennae, and at the tip of the abdomen. In the male, the prothorax stands out in two protuberances, making the prothorax appear to be the head of a vertebrate animal. Antennae in females lack hair, and the abdomen in males has a narrower ventral plate than that of the female. This species communicates by a loud hissing sound made by air forced through spiracles on the sides of their bodies. Females are ovoviparous; they bear live young. The female retains the ootheca (egg case) inside her body, and after birth, the young will feed on the empty egg packet, which is passed after they are born. At warm temperatures, the young will reach adult size in 2-3 months. Other: They lack the odor usually associated with cockroaches or their feces. They do not bite and will usually hide when disturbed. TROPICAL WOOD COCKROACH Class Order Family Genus Species Insecta Blattaria Blattidae Blaberus spp Range: Central and South America Habitat: Tropical & subtropical forests, humidity above 60% Niche: Nocturnal, omnivorous, scavengers, terrestrial Diet: Wild: decaying plant and animal material Blaberus giganteus Zoo: Special Adaptations: Cockroaches leave chemical trails in their feces as well as emitting airborne pheromones for swarming and mating. -
Annual Report 2008 Final Web.P65
THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0BF Tel: +44 (0)20 7434 4479; Fax: +44 (0)20 72879364; E-Mail: [email protected] The Linnean Society’s purpose as a living forum for biology is to communicate scientific ideas and advances. It embraces the entire sweep of the natural sciences, but focuses particularly on over-arching themes such as biological diversity, evolution, taxonomy, science policy and conservation. The Society works through a network of partnerships in the scientific community. In an era of specialisation the Society promotes the transfer of information across disciplinary boundaries. It collaborates with government and international organisations to highlight the urgency and magnitude of the task of documenting the world’s flora and fauna. The Linnean Society was founded in 1788 for ‘the cultivation of the Science of Natural History in all its branches’. The Society is named after the great 18th Century Swedish naturalist, Carl Linnaeus (1707 - 1778), who created the binomial system of biological classification now used throughout the world. The Society acquired Linnaeus’s collection of plant and animal specimens, and his books and letters, from its first President, James Edward Smith. The Society has been at the heart of many scientific and cultural developments relating to our understanding of the natural world. Most notably, Charles Darwin’s and Alfred Russell Wallace’s epoch-making papers on evolution by natural selection were first read at a meeting of the Society. The Society is proud of its past, but is equally enthusiastic about its future. Today it encourages discussion and research by: ♦ publishing three leading international journals on biology, botany and zoology. -
Arthropods and the Current Great Mass Extinction: Effective Themes to Decrease Arthropod Fear and Disgust and Increase Positive Environmental Beliefs in Children?
International Journal Journal of Environmental of Environmental & Science & Educat Scienceion Education (2014), 9, 197-214 Vol. 3, No. 3, July 2008, xx-xx Arthropods and the Current Great Mass Extinction: Effective Themes to Decrease Arthropod Fear and Disgust and Increase Positive Environmental Beliefs in Children? Amy Wagler The University of Texas at El Paso Ron Wagler The University of Texas at El Paso Received 16 October 2013; Accepted 14 February 2014 Doi: 10.12973/ijese.2014.211a Earth is experiencing a great mass extinction (GME) that has been caused by the environmentally destructive activities of humans. This GME is having and will have profound effects on Earth’s biodiversity if environmental sustainability is not reached. Activities and curriculum tools have been developed to assist teachers in integrating the current GME theme into their existing curriculum. There has also been a recent appeal to incorporate the current GME theme into science and environmental education research but this research has yet to be conducted. This study presents the first time the current GME theme has been assessed in a research setting. This study analyzed the effect living Poecilotheria spider activities had on United States children. The variables measured included 1) human fear toward the Poecilotheria spiders; 2) human disgust toward the Poecilotheria spiders; and 3) human environmental beliefs associated with the current GMEs impact on the Poecilotheria spiders. New to this study is the finding that the use of living spiders in a positive educational setting that addresses the current GME are effective tools in decreasing fear and disgust and increasing positive environmental beliefs toward Poecilotheria spiders in children. -
Arthropods: Attitude and Incorporation in Preservice Elementary Teachers
International Journal Journal of Environmental of Environmental & Science & Educat Scienceion Education Vol. 6, No. 3, July 2011, 229-250 Vol. 3, No. 3, July 2008, xx-xx Arthropods: Attitude and incorporation in preservice elementary teachers Ron Wagler Amy Wagler Received 23 November 2010; Accepted 11 April 2011 Invertebrates perform many beneficial and essential ecological services for humans. Despite this, the general public tends to view them negatively. Preservice elementary teachers often find themselves in a tenuous position because they possess the same negativity toward invertebrates as the general public but have been commissioned by Uni- ted States of America national and state standards to teach their future students about the very invertebrates they distain. This study investigated the effect frequent direct contact with Madagascar hissing cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa) in an educational set- ting had on preservice elementary teacher‟s arthropod (i.e., a subset of invertebrates) attitu- de and likelihood of arthropod incorporation in future science curriculum. A pre/post randomized design with a control group was used for the study. Preservice elementary teachers that received frequent direct contact with Madagascar hissing cockroaches in an educational setting during their preservice training programs had their attitudes and beliefs changed in a positive way toward that arthropod but not toward other arthropods. Implications concerning this finding, and other findings associated with the study, are discussed. Keywords: