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Variabilita Vodních Brouků (Coleoptera) V Prameništních Systémech

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Variabilita Vodních Brouků (Coleoptera) V Prameništních Systémech MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV BOTANIKY A ZOOLOGIE Variabilita vodních brouků (Coleoptera) v prameništních systémech Bakalářská práce Tomáš Havlík Vedoucí práce: doc. RNDr. Michal Horsák, Ph.D. Brno 2014 Konzultant: Mgr. Jan Sychra, Ph.D. Bibliografický záznam Autor: Tomáš Havlík Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita Ústav botaniky a zoologie Variabilita vodních brouků (Coleoptera) v prameništních Název práce: systémech Studijní program: Ekologická a evoluční biologie Studijní obor: Zoologie Vedoucí práce: doc. RNDr. Michal Horsák, Ph.D. Akademický rok: 2013/2014 Počet stran: 42+9 Klíčová slova: vodní brouci; prameniště; slatiniště; společenstva; minerální gradient Bibliographic Entry Author: Tomáš Havlík Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Department of Botany and Zoology Variation of aquatic beetles (Coleoptera) in spring Title of Thesis: systems Degree programme: Ecological and Evolutionary Biology Field of Study: Zoology Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Michal Horsák, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2013/2014 Number of Pages: 42+9 Keywords: waterbeetles; spring; fen; assemblages; poor-rich gradient Abstrakt Tato práce se zabývá druhovou bohatostí a skladbou společenstev vodních brouků na prameništních slatiništích v Západních Karpatech. Hlavním cílem této práce bylo zjistit, jaké environmentální faktory stojí za strukturou a druhovým bohatstvím společenstev vodních brouků těchto stanovišť a zda se v odpovědi na měřené faktory nějak liší skupina eurytopních a sloučená skupina adaptibilních a reliktních druhů. Provedena byla rovněž indikátorová analýza, jíž cílem bylo zjistit, zda mohou mít některé druhy bioindikační funkci pro čtyři minerální typy lokalit, reprezentující gradient minerální bohatosti. V září roku 2012 a 2013 byly odebrány vzorky na 26 lokalitách na území Slovenska a České republiky. Vzorky byly odebírány semikvantitativně pomocí kovového cedníku. Proměnné prostředí byly na studovaných lokalitách měřeny v letech 2006–12. Data byla zpracována v programu R a CANOCO. Celkem bylo na studovaných lokalitách zjištěno 60 druhů vodních brouků z osmi čeledí. Ve složení společenstev vodních brouků byly zastoupeny typické krenofilní druhy (např. Hydroporus longicornis, H. ferrugineus, H. kraatzi, Anacaena globulus a Elmis latreillei), převážnou většinu však tvořily druhy běžné (eurytopní), vyskytující seprakticky ve všech typech vodních biotopů (např. Agabus bipustulatus, Hydroporus incognitus, Anacaena lutescens, Laccobius bipunctatus a Hydrobius fuscipes). Počet druhů vodních brouků signifikantně rostl s velikostí tůní, která dobře odráží také jejich permanenci. Pozitivní korelace druhové bohatosti s faktorem přítomnosti tůní byla silnější pro skupinu eurytopních druhů než pro sloučenou skupinu druhů adaptibilních a reliktních (a také při zahrnutí všech druhů). Přímá ordinační analýza (db-RDA) potom odhalila signifikantní vliv tohoto faktoru na strukturování společenstva vodních brouků, což je v souladu s publikovanými údaji. Ostatní zahrnuté testované faktory nebyly významné. Indikátorová analýza odhalila pouze dva (signifikantní) druhy, jako potenciálně vhodné indikátory minerálních typů lokalit (Laccobius bipunctatus a Coelostoma orbiculare). Tento výsledek spolu s výsledky přímé ordinační analýzy naznačuje, že společenstva vodních brouků reagují na změny podél minerálního gradientu v malé míře. Tento gradient je však může ovlivňovat nepřímo, například přes potravní řetězce. Abstract This study deals with species richness and composition of water beetle assemblages of the Western Carpathians spring fens. The main objective of this study was to determine, which environmental factors influence the water beetle assemblage patterns in this habitat type and whether the response to the analysed factors differs between a group of eurytopic species and a merged group of adaptable and relict species. Species indicator analysis was also performed to determine potential bioindicator species of the main four mineral types of fens along the mineral richness gradient. In September 2012 and 2013, 26 fen sites in Slovakia and in the Czech Republic were sampled. Samples were obtained by semiquantitative method using a metal sieve. Environmental variables were measured between 2006 and 2012. Data was analysed in the R and CANOCO programmes. In total, 60 species of water beetles from eight families were found in the study area. The assemblages were composed of crenophilic species (e.g. Hydroporus longicornis, H. ferrugineus, H. kraatzi, Anacaena globulus and Elmis latreillei), but the vast majority consisted of eurytopic species (e.g. Agabus bipustulatus, Hydroporus incognitus, Anacaena lutescens, Laccobius bipunctatus and Hydrobius fuscipes). Species richness of water beetles was positively correlated with pool size, which reflects also their permanence. A positive correlation of species richness with the presence of pools was stronger for group of eurytopic species in contrast to merged group of adaptable and relict species (and also all species). The results of a constrained ordination (db-RDA) showed a significant effect of the presence of pools on structuring of water beetle assemblage, which is consistent with published data. The other analysed factors were not significant. Indicator analysis found only two species to be significant as suitable indicators of ecological types of habitats (Laccobius bipunctatus and Coelostoma orbiculare). This result, along with the results of the constrained ordination, suggests that water beetle assemblages respond to the changes along the gradient of mineral richness only marginally. However, this gradient can influence the species indirectly through the food chains. Poděkování Na tomto místě bych rád poděkoval svému školiteli Michalovi Horsákovi za užitečné školitelské rady, pomoc při složitějších analýzách a zejména trpělivost a čas, který mi věnoval. Rád bych poděkoval také svému konzultantovi Janovi Sychrovi za cenné připomínky a bezednou trpělivost při determinaci problematických druhů. Dále děkuji Jindřišce Bojkové za poskytnutí hodnot proměnných prostředí pro studované lokality, bez kterých by tato práce nemohla vzniknout, Michalovi Strakovi za determinaci zástupců čeledi vodanovitých a samozřejmě všem kteří se podíleli na terénní práci, protože bez jejich pomoci bych to jen stěží zvládl, jmenovitě Michalovi Horsákovi, Janovi Sychrovi, Vítovi Syrovátkovi, Veronice Schenkové, Lence Hubáčkové, Vandě Rádkové a Janě Zajacové. V neposlední řadě bych rád poděkoval také své rodině a přátelům za shovívavost, podporu a vytvoření příjemné atmosféry pro vznik této práce. Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem svoji bakalářskou práci vypracoval samostatně s využitím informačních zdrojů, které jsou v práci citovány. Brno 30. dubna 2014 ……………………………… Tomáš Havlík OBSAH 1. ÚVOD ......................................................................................................................... 10 2. VYMEZENÍ STUDOVANÉHO BIOTOPU ........................................................... 11 3. VYMEZENÍ STUDOVANÉ SKUPINY ................................................................. 12 3.1 Adaptace k vodnímu způsobu života a její ekologické konsekvence ............. 12 4. MATERIÁL A METODIKA ................................................................................... 17 4.1 Cíle výzkumné části ........................................................................................... 21 4.2 Studované lokality .............................................................................................. 22 4.3 Sběr dat ............................................................................................................... 24 4.4 Determinace ........................................................................................................ 25 4.5 Analýza dat ......................................................................................................... 26 5. VÝSLEDKY .............................................................................................................. 29 6. DISKUZE .................................................................................................................. 38 7. ZÁVĚR ...................................................................................................................... 44 8. LITERATURA .......................................................................................................... 45 9. PŘÍLOHA .................................................................................................................. 52 1. ÚVOD Vodní brouci jsou skupinou organismů, která se vyskytuje téměř ve všech typech vodních biotopů, od salinních tůní v přílivové zóně, po arktická ledovcová jezera. Mezi tyto vodními brouky obývané biotopy patří i prameništní slatiniště, které jsou charakteristické svým chemismem vody a svými velice stálými hydrologickými podmínkami. Tato biologicky hodnotná stanoviště, která však v naší krajině již téměř vymizela, hostí mnoho vzácných, ohrožených a reliktních druhů bezobratlých. Obecně reagují společenstva vodních brouků na různé faktory v závislosti na geografické poloze, studovaném biotopu a zahrnuté taxonomické skupině. Tyto faktory jsou pak často svázány s permanencí biotopu a biotickými interakcemi. Některé tyto faktory však mohou mít v pozadí i zdejší chemismus vody. Na rozdíl od jiných organismů, které se v tomto biotopu vyskytují a výrazně reagují na gradient minerální bohatosti (např. měkkýši, opaskovci, dvoukřídlí, cévnaté rostliny nebo mechy), patří vodní brouci mezi
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    Title: New Data on Little-known Beetle Families and a Summary of the Project: Coleoptera of the Eastern Beskid Mts (Western Carpathians, Poland) Author: Artur Taszakowski, Natalia Kaszyca-Taszakowska, Wojciech T. Szczepański, Lech Karpiński Citation style: Taszakowski Artur, Kaszyca-Taszakowska Natalia, Szczepański Wojciech T., Karpiński Lech. (2020). New Data on Little-known Beetle Families and a Summary of the Project: Coleoptera of the Eastern Beskid Mts (Western Carpathians, Poland). "Journal of the Entomological Research Society" Vol 22 No 1 (2020), s. 13-40 J. Entomol. Res. Soc., 22(1): 13-40, 2020 Research Article Print ISSN:1302-0250 Online ISSN:2651-3579 New Data on Little-known Beetle Families and a Summary of the Project: Coleoptera of the Eastern Beskid Mts (Western Carpathians, Poland) Artur TASZAKOWSKI1 Natalia KASZYCA-TASZAKOWSKA2 Wojciech T. SZCZEPAŃSKI3 Lech KARPIŃSKI4* 1,2Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, POLAND 3Kościelna 34B/19, 41-103 Siemianowice Śląskie, POLAND 4Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wilcza 64, 00-679 Warsaw, POLAND e-mails: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], 4*[email protected] ORCID IDs: 10000-0002-0885-353X, 20000-0001-5031-6167,30000-0003-0858-519X, 4*0000-0002-5475-3732 ABSTRACT New data on the distribution of the beetles from the Eastern Beskid Mountains are given. A list of 100 species from 37 families is presented. New localities of some species rare in Poland such as Elodes johni Klausnitzer, 1980, Lyctus pubescens Panzer, 1792, Malachius scutellaris Erichson, 1840, Osphya bipunctata (Fabricius, 1775), Peltis grossa (Linnaeus, 1758), Pyrochroa serraticornis (Scopoli, 1763) and Soronia punctatissima (Illiger, 1794) are also given.
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    Provided by the author(s) and University College Dublin Library in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite the published version when available. Title Coleoptera Authors(s) Reilly, Eileen Publication date 2005 Publication information Gowen, M., O'Neill, J., and Phillips, M. (eds.). The Lisheen Mine Archaeological Project 1996-8 Publisher Wordwell Ltd. Link to online version http://www.amazon.co.uk/Lisheen-Mine-Archaeological-Project-1996-8/dp/1869857836; http://www.wordwellbooks.com/index.php?page=shop.product_details&flypage=flypage.tpl&product_id=1322&category_id=26&option=com_virtuemart&Itemid=9 Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/5547 Downloaded 2021-09-27T01:43:34Z The UCD community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters! (@ucd_oa) © Some rights reserved. For more information, please see the item record link above. 8. Coleoptera Eileen Reilly Background some of the most significant finds of this project and have important implications for the history of the Irish forest Introduction fauna relict. This chapter looks at samples taken for insect analysis at The results will be looked at in terms of the local various sites throughout Derryville Bog. The analysis of environment, drawing on information from clusters of insect remains, particularly Coleoptera (beetles) which structures sampled on different sides of the bog. They will be the main focus of this chapter, and their use in will also be examined in terms of overall landscape environmental reconstruction is relatively new in Ireland changes in three areas: woodland, wetland and dryland but has had a long and distinguished history in Britain usage—pasture and cultivation.
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