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Oncideres Ocularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Girdling Mimosa Bimucronata (Fabaceae) in Brazil

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Oncideres Ocularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Girdling Mimosa Bimucronata (Fabaceae) in Brazil 1240 Florida Entomologist 97(3) September 2014 ONCIDERES OCULARIS (COLEOPTERA: CERAMBYCIDAE) GIRDLING MIMOSA BIMUCRONATA (FABACEAE) IN BRAZIL 1 1 1, PEDRO GUILHERME LEMES , ANCIDÉRITON ANTÔNIO CASTRO AND JOSÉ COLA ZANUNCIO * 1Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Viçosa 36570-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil Corresponding author; E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae (Coleop- cidae) and O. impluviata (Germar) (Coleoptera: tera: Cerambycidae) are known as “twig girdlers,” Cerambycidae) (Link et al. 1984) are pests of M. because their females girdle branches of living bimucronata. Therefore the aim of this study was trees with their mandibles to lay their eggs (Lin- to record the occurrence of O. ocularis girdling sley 1959). The genus Oncideres, exclusive of the branches of M. bimucronata in the southeast re- American continent, presents the highest number gion of Brazil. of species of this type of beetle (Hovore & Penrose Branches of M. bimucronata girdled by twig 1982; Di Iorio 1996; Monné 2002). Oncideres ocu- girdlers were collected in a hedge with 3 trees of laris Thomson, 1868 is a potential threat to forest this plant and others of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia plantations of the family Fabaceae, such as black Benth. This hedge was located on the side of the wattle (Acacia meanrsii De Wild.), Acacia bonar- state highway MG 120 in the rural municipality iensis Hook. & Arn., and Pithecolobium sp., and of Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (S 20° 47' occurs in Argentina and in southern and south- 17" -W 42° 52' 55"). eastern Brazil (Vulcano & Pereira 1978). Weekly visits were made from Dec 2010 to Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze (Fabaceae) Apr 2011 and Dec 2011 to Apr 2012 to collect occurs in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uru- fallen branches girdled by this beetle. The diam guay (Burkart 1959; Barneby 1991). This species of the portion where the branches were girdled is used in restoration programs of degraded areas was measured with a digital caliper with an ac- but has an invasive behavior especially in pas- curacy of 0.01 mm and its length measured with tures (Lorenzi 2008). Acanthocelides schrankie tape with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. The number of Horn (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) (Silva et al. 2007; egg-laying incisions was counted per branch. The Tomaz et al. 2007) and the twig girdler beetles length of the branch was divided into 5 equal sec- Oncideres saga (Dalman) (Coleoptera: Ceramby- tions (basal, mid-basal, middle, mid-apical and Fig. 1. Oncideres ocularis Thomson, 1868 on a branch of Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze. Scientific Notes 1241 apical). The average number of incisions and its branch girdled was 11.00 ± 2.04 with a minimum distribution were determined per branch section. of 8 and a maximum of 17. The first 3 sections of Adults of twig girdler beetles collected on the the branch had 4.25 ± 0.85, 4.00 ± 0.91 and 2.75 ± branches were sent for identification to the tax- 0.75 incisions, respectively. No incision was found onomist Prof. Dr. Ubirajara Martins, Museum of in the 3 apical parts of the branches (Fig. 2). Zoology of the University of São Paulo (MZUSP). The activity period of O. ocularis during the Another voucher specimen was deposited in the raining season was similar to that of O. humeralis Regional Museum of Entomology, Federal Uni- Thorms in São Paulo State (Paulino Neto et al. versity of Viçosa (UFVB). The twig girdler was 2006), but prior to that of O. mirim Martins & identified asOncideres ocularis Thomson, 1868 Galileo in Tocantins State, Brazil (Lemes et al. (Fig. 1). Two girdled branches were collected in 2012). This confirms that individuals of the genus Jan 2011 and 2 collected in Feb 2012. No other Oncideres are more common in rainy and warm girdled branch was found outside this period, but periods of the yr (Lemes et al. 2012). the twig girdlers were active on M. caesalpiniifo- The diam of M. bimucronata branches girdled lia trees from Dec to Mar 2011 and 2012. by O. ocularis were similar to those of Prosopis The diam at the base of the M. bimucronata glandulosa var. Torr. (Fabales: Fabaceae) girdled branches girdled by O. ocularis ranged from 6.71 by O. rhodosticta Bates (Martinez et al. 2009), to 10.15 mm with a mean of 8.26 ± 0.84 mm (± SE) and trees of family Fabaceae girdled by O. cingu- (n = 4). The length of the girdled branches by this lata (Say) and O. rhodosticta (Cramer 1998; Polk beetle ranged from 99.5 to 145.7 cm with a mean & Ueckert 1973). However, the diam of branches of 126.72 ± 11.09 cm. The number of incisions per of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit and Aca- Fig. 2. Mean (± SE) number of incisions of Oncideres ocularis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) per branch section of Mimosa bimucronata in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. 1242 Florida Entomologist 97(3) September 2014 cia farnesiana (L.) Willd (Rodriguez-del-Bosque & SUMMARY Garza-Cedillo 2005) girdled by O. pustulata the diam of branches of trees of the family Melasto- Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze (Fabaceae) mataceae (Paulino Neto et al. 2005) girdled by O. is recorded as a host of Oncideres ocularis Thom- humeralis in may be wider. son, 1868 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), and this is The lengths of M. bimucronata branches gir- the first report of this twig girdler in the south- dled by O. ocularis were similar to those of Pi- east region of Brazil. The history of twig girdler ptadaenia gonoacantha J. F. Macbr. girdled by beetles as pests of Fabaceae trees indicates that O. impluviata and branches Acacia mangium Fabaceae tree species can be damaged in areas girdled by O. mirim, respectively (Lemes et al. where this insect occurs. 2011; Lemes et al. 2012). But the lengths of M. Key Words: twig girdler, Fabaceae, forest ento- bimucronata branches girdled by O. ocularis were mology, branch girdling greater than those of Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch girdled by O. cingulata and those of P. glandulosa by O. rhodosticta (Cramer 1998; Martinez et al. RESUMO 2009) and narrower than branches girdled by O. dejeanii Thomson and O. pustulata (Rice 1989; Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze (Fabaceae) Cordeiro et al. 2010). é registrada como hospedeira de Oncideres ocula- Since as the diam of a branch doubles its vol- ris Thomson, 1868 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) e ume quadruples, the branches of larger diam essa é o primeiro registro desse besouro serrador ensure increased food availability for larvae of na região sudeste do Brasil. O histórico de besou- Oncideres spp. This could explain why certain ros serradores em árvores da família Fabaceae species of twig girdler beetles with bigger adults indica que essa espécie pode ser danificada em prefer to girdle branches with greater diam and áreas de ocorrência desse inseto. length. For example, O. dejeanii girdle branches Palavras-Chave: besouros serrador, Fabaceae, 4 × wider than those girdled by O. ocularis, and entomologia florestal, anelamento de galho 2.5 × longer) (Cordeiro et al. 2010). The numbers of incisions on branches of M. REFERENCES CITED bimucronata were similar to those made by O. humeralis in Melastomataceae, and by O. cingu- BARNEBY, R. C. 1991. Sensitivae censitae. A description lata in C. ovata and P. glandulosa (Paulino Neto of the genus Mimosa Linnaeus (Mimosaceae) in the et al. 2006; Cramer 1998; Rogers 1977), but fewer New World. New York: Memories of the New York Botanical Garden, 65: 835 pp. than those made by O. pustulata in A. farnesiana BURKART, A. 1959. Leguminosae. pp. 443-512 In L. R. (Rice 1989). These differences may be related to Parodi [ed.] Enciclopedia Argentina de Agricultura y the size of the branches girdled and the volume of Jardineria. Buenos Aires, Argentina. ACME. wood available to feed larvae. Branches girdled CORDEIRO, G., ANJOS, N., LEMES, P. G., AND MATRANGO- by O. pustulata presented more incisions between LO, C. A. R. 2010. Ocorrência de Oncideres dejeanii 0 and 20 cm from the base (Rice 1989). Oncideres (Cerambycidae) em Pyrus pyrifolia (Rosaceae), em cingulata laid eggs, particularly, between 20 and Minas Gerais. Pesq. Flor. Brasileira, 30:153-156. 30 cm from the base and O. guttulata between 10 CRAMER, K. L. 1998. Effects of twig morphology on ovi- and 25 cm from the girdled base (Diodato et al. position behavior and hatching sucess of the twig- girdling beetle Oncideres cingulata (Say) (Coleop- 1997; Cramer 1998). tera: Cerambycidae). Coleopts. Bull. 52: 186-193. Mimosa bimucronata is recorded as a host of DI IORIO, O. R. 1996. Cerambycidae y otros Coleoptera O. ocularis, and this is the first report of this bee- de Leguminosae cortadas por Oncideres germari tle in the southeast region of Brazil. These twig (Lamiinae: Onciderini) en Argentina. Rev. Biol. girdler beetles can damage Fabaceae trees in re- Trop. 44: 551-565. gions where they occur. DIODATO, L., DARCHUK, E., NOTARIO, A., AND CASTRESA- We express thanks to Prof. Dr. Ubirajara Mar- NA, L. 1997. Estudio sobre el comportamiento de ovi- tins for the identification of the insect, and to Dr. posición del “cortapalos” Oncideres guttulata Thom- Valquíria Ferreira Dutra, Federal University of son (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) sobre “quebracho colorado”, Schinopsis quebracho colorado (Schlecht) Espírito Santo and José Martins Fernandes, Fed- Bark et Meyer. Bol. San. Veg. 23: 257-261. eral University of Viçosa for the identification of HOVORE, F. T., AND PENROSE, R. I. 1982. Notes on Ce- botanical species. They recommended the website rambycidae co-inhabiting girdles of Oncideres pus- http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br for botanical identifi- tulata LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). South- cation of Brazilian tree species. We express thanks west. Nat. 27: 23-27. to Diogo Costa, Hélio Garcia Leite and one of the LEMES, P.
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