Hayes Presidential raising money for critical projects The Hayes Presidential Library & Museums has secured initial funding Board member and volunteer John Havens, who to begin painting the is cataloging the Spiegel Grove trees, stands next Hayes Home cupola to one of his favorites on the property. It is an American hornbeam that is much larger than the and is working to raise typical tree of its species. additional money to complete this and two other critical Board member researches, infrastructure projects. Cost for the work on catalogs Spiegel Grove trees the exterior of the cupola, The cupola, or lantern, of the Hayes Home which is the 360-degree When President Grover Cleveland arrived is badly in need of painting. Rotting wood window area at the top at Spiegel Grove for President Rutherford B. around the windows also must be replaced. of the historic home, will Hayes’ funeral, the horses pulling his carriage start at $18,000 and could became rattled and upset. increase depending on how much wood needs to be replaced. It is Cleveland stepped out of his carriage and not clear when the contractor can begin the job. leaned up against a hickory tree while waiting A gift from the Jeanne Reed Fund of the Toledo Community for the horses to calm themselves. Foundation will cover some of the cost. Years later, the Hayes family named that “It is an important project because of the fact that it is at the top of same hickory tree, located near the Hayes the house,” said , Hayes Presidential building and grounds Home verandah, in honor of Cleveland. superintendent. “If it begins to fail and allow water into the building, During President William Howard Taft’s it is possible to damage four stories of a historic building.” visit to Spiegel Grove to see Col. Webb Cook The wood around the cupola, also sometimes called the lantern, Hayes, son of Rutherford and First Lady has not been painted in more Please see Projects, page 8 Lucy Hayes, Taft noticed a Please see Trees, page 3

Inside this issue: The Student Statesman special section This special section starts features articles, essays and a poem by Ohio high school students that fit the theme of Hayes Presidential’s special exhibit, “The Press & The Presidency.” It starts on page 9. Spring brings Glass renewal to Grove negative collection It’s hard picking my favorite time of year at Spiegel Grove. The lush green of summer, the riot of colors saved on its in fall, the stark, quiet beauty of winter . . . as every season arrives I way to think ‘THIS is my favorite!’ Local woman Stella Gabel is After a year of crisis, I think pictured in his photo from the garbage I am appreciating springtime Grob Negative Collection. more than ever, especially since Several years ago, a man cleaning out an old I missed spring’s arrival at photo studio on Justice Street in Fremont called Spiegel Grove last year due to our Head of Photographic Resources Gil Gonzalez. pandemic-induced closure. He and some other people were shoveling glass Christie Weininger The tender young wildflowers Executive Director photo negatives out of the basement of the former pushing their beautiful blooms out studio and planning to take them to the dump. of the earth, the soft pinks of the magnolia tree by the Hayes home and the deep fuchsia of “As long as it takes for me to get there, that’s the red bud trees lining the path down the hill – all of these how long they will shovel glass,” Gonzalez traditional signs of spring are a source of inspiration for me. recalled. “I got to take what was left.” It was an absolute delight that we were able to hold the The glass negatives Gonzalez was able to Easter Egg Roll on the grounds once again. save are the bulk of Hayes Presidential Library & Museums’ Grob Negative Collection, which We welcomed 400 adults and children to romp consists of about 2,000 5x7 studio glass negatives around the grounds, participating in all sorts of outdoor of many Fremont residents from around 1905. activities. Hearing their merry laughter bouncing off the trees did my soul good. These are glass-plate negatives of formal studio portraits of children, couples, grandparents, Even dog walkers and joggers stopped for a few babies and family groups. They demonstrate moments to take in the scene. “What a joy to see the remarkable clarity and technical accomplishment. grounds so full again,” said one of our board members who volunteered for the event. Many represent baptisms, confirmations, weddings and family gatherings of Fremont and A return to normal, even in small steps, does feel good! Sandusky County residents. The images span a The staff here has been busy, adapting as we must, and relatively short time period, circa 1900 to 1910. working hard to keep Spiegel Grove a wonderful place To learn more about this collection, visit for all to enjoy. From new programs, returning programs rbhayes.org/grob-photo-collection. and important buildings and grounds projects, read on to see what we have in store for you! Toledo Symphony Concert Band performs annual Independence Day Concert Celebrate Independence Day with a patriotic concert on Food trucks will sell lunch and snacks on site. the verandah of President Rutherford and First Lady Lucy Parking is available on the Hayes Presidential Library & Hayes’ beloved, historic home. Museums’ grounds, weather-permitting. The annual concert features the Toledo Overflow parking is available on the street Symphony Concert Band and will take place Hal & Diane and in ProMedica Memorial Hospital’s parking from 2 to 3:30 p.m. Sunday, July 4. The Hawk lots at Buildings A and B, located at 605 Third band will play a variety of music, and Civil Ave. Hayes Presidential is a short walk to the War reenactors will fire cannons in sync with east of the hospital parking lots. For updates, Tchaikovsky’s “1812 Overture.” visit rbhayes.org. Admission is free. Bring a chair or blanket for The Hayes Home and museum will be open seating on the Hayes Home lawn. from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. The library will be closed. Face-coverings are required, and attendees The concert is sponsored by Hal and are asked to keep 6 feet of distance between Diane Hawk and Crown Battery and the themselves and other household groups. Ohio Arts Council. page 2 GroveFest celebrates nature, Spiegel Grove

Enjoy the outdoors and nature- GroveFest showcases the themed activities during the couple’s beloved estate and its Hayes Presidential Library & nature aspects Museums’ annual GroveFest on Toledo Zoo, Perry’s Victory and Saturday, June 26. International Peace Memorial, GroveFest is from 10 a.m. to 2 Camp Fire Sandusky County and p.m. Admission is free. Birchard Public Library are among Nature organizations will offer the organizations attending. South hands-on activities and learning Creek Clydesdales will give horse- opportunities focused on the drawn trolley rides for a fee. Other outdoors, animals and plants. organizations attending are still being confirmed. This will take place at Spiegel Grove, the grounds of Hayes Ice cream will be available for Presidential and estate of President a donation. Attendees must wear Rutherford and First Lady Lucy face coverings and maintain 6 feet Nature organizations will bring of distance between themselves Hayes. Spiegel Grove has more hands-on activities to GroveFest. than 1,700 trees and is an official A participant makes a pine cone and other household groups. arboretum. bird treat at the 2020 event. Hayes Presidential staff Rutherford and Lucy raised cows are monitoring changing and chickens and planted trees requirements regarding the on the property. Lucy’s favorite COVID-19 pandemic and will pastime was fishing. She loved announce at rbhayes.org whether nature so much that her official pre-registration will be required. White House china had images Title sponsor: KeyBank of flora and fauna of the United Walter E. Terhune Memorial States, from deer and raccoons to Fund. Additional funding by fish and lobsters to birds. ProMedica and Paramount; Walmart – Fremont #1429; Walmart - Port Clinton #1445.

Trees, continued from page 1 His work is especially important because Hayes Presidential was designated an official arboretum last year large tree near the verandah and walked over to look more by Arbnet, an organization that accredits arboreta. He is closely at it. helping staff and volunteers work on a master plan for the “This one’s big enough to be mine,” the rotund Taft said. property and its trees and plants. Webb named that tree for Taft. As Havens walks the grounds and points out the These are some of the stories behind the more than 1,700 different species, his love of trees is evident. He shares the trees at Spiegel Grove that John Havens has uncovered while differences in bark, leaves and other attributes and gives the tagging and cataloging the trees for Hayes Presidential. history of some of the unique ones. Havens, a member of the Hayes Presidential Board There’s the willow tree down the hill that came from a cut of of Trustees and Buildings and Grounds Committee, has a willow on the island of Elba where Napoleon lived in exile. volunteered his time for the past year on the project. He has There’s the George tulip poplar that was tagged about 400 of the trees with a number, which allows planted here in 1984. It was a seedling from the original at the site to catalog each tree and any issues or unusual and Washington’s estate of Mount Vernon in . interesting attributes. There are the Reunion Oaks, so named because President “I find it really enjoyable,” Havens said. “I enjoy history, Hayes’ regiment came to Spiegel Grove for a reunion and so it’s always fun reading back on the Hayes’ history. It’s fun camped beneath them in 1877. These, which include the when I’m working here and people ask me what I’m doing.” Bicentennial Oak, stand near the back of the home. Havens has an associate’s degree in nursery management Using his knowledge, Havens has developed a tree tour from The Ohio State University Agricultural Technical that Hayes Presidential offered to visitors for Arbor Day Institute. He hasn’t used it for many years because he owns weekend. He also is working with the Sandusky County a paint store and serves as a local township trustee. Convention & Visitors Bureau to offer this experience to He uses records from when the trees were last cataloged at bus tours. least 20 years ago and must identify each tree. Some that were “Trees are peaceful,” Havens said. “They definitely seem cataloged back then have since died or blown over in storms, to sooth people.” and new ones have been planted.

Spring 2021 page 3 Abolition and the Birchard brothers Editor’s Old Northwest, to help raise her kids. commented that Americans were note: Sardis, who was active within the caught up in “wild and furious Rutherford Whig party and was an avid anti- passions, in lieu of the sober B. Hayes’ abolitionist, had a huge impact on judgment of the courts.” record on Rutherford to follow the same path. This politically charged moment in civil rights In fact, Sophia complained to Sardis American history produced individuals for African about her (at the time) 13-year old who were unable to “keep quiet,” Americans son for “think[ing] too much about much to the chagrin of Sophia Hayes. is complex. politics for one so young.” Two years In fact, two of those individuals Often, he later, while Rutherford was enrolled happened to be her brothers. and his at ’s Preparatory School While Sardis, who showed an election in Middleton, Connecticut, he visited aversion to abolitionism, was not Dustin McLochlin are cited his family in Vermont and wrote shy with his views, Sophia’s older Historian as reasons back to Sardis that they “tried to brother, Austin, who remained in for major make an Abolitionist of me, but that New England, proved to be just as losses in would not work.” vocal on the other side. rights for freed slaves in the South. It seems Sardis left an indelible mark And while he did not have the Yet, Hayes defended runaway slaves on his young nephew. In fact, Rutherford direct impact on young Rutherford while working as an attorney in felt so comfortable in the shared belief as Sardis did, Rud still looked up to Cincinnati and fought to end slavery with Sardis that he felt no reservation him as a source of inspiration. Hayes during the Civil War. to ridicule his other relatives: “They all commented in his journal: thought that Mr. Webb’s [Preparatory Funded by The Network to School] would be a good place for [my “My uncle Austin Birchard is a most Freedom, Historian Dustin cousin] George, but when I told them excellent man. His talents and industry McLochlin, Ph.D., has done there was not an abolitionist in school, with the aid of better advantages for extensive research into Hayes’ oh! horrible! They’d as soon send him to education in early life would have evolution in his views toward anti- a lion’s den!!” given him a high rank in whatever slavery, Reconstruction and more. pursuit he might have engaged. In fact, The politically charged subject though deprived of early discipline This is the first of a new series of of abolitionism was the primary articles by McLochlin that examine and shut out by deafness from one political topic in the middle decades great source of improvement, he has these topics and are featured on our of the 19th century. While abolition website. To read more, visit rbhayes. notwithstanding acquired a reputation simply meant ending slavery, the for political information and sagacity, org/main/hayes-evolving-views-on- abolitionist movement contained and energy and success in his business anti-slavery-reconstruction/. different connotations. which belongs to few men in his section In a letter to her brother Sardis, When abolitionists took a “radical” of the country. I enjoyed myself very Sophia Hayes (Rutherford’s mother) step in the early 19th century and much in his company. The reflection relayed her displeasure that the local connected the ending of slavery to that constantly urged itself upon me Methodist church in Delaware, Ohio, the logical next step of attacking while conversing with him was: ‘If was presenting a series of “abolitionist racism itself, most Americans were Uncle could accomplish so much with lectures” that month (February, 1838). unwilling to support the movement. so little encouragement, and held back To her, the subject of slavery elicited In fact, abolitionists were often by his infirmity, what ought I not to so much excitement that “the over at odds with another anti-slavery accomplish with so great assistance and zealous (sic) of all parties commit organization called the American motive as I have always had?’” more errors than they are able to repair Colonization Society that believed The diverging views from these in the remainder of their lives well a post-slavery could only two uncles provides a great context to spent.” Instead, she hoped that all exist after all former slaves were sent explore how the topic of abolitionism would be “kept quiet,” and presumably to Africa. The divorcing of ending was discussed in this family. And, leave her in peace. This statement slavery from a need to end racism coincidentally, at the time that feels both appalling and familiar all made this colonization movement Rutherford was visiting his family in at the same time. Of course, ending more palatable to most. Vermont, Sardis and Austin shared an slavery was a noble and just cause. To make abolitionism even more interesting exchange on the subject. Yet in this political climate of 2021, difficult for many Americans to This interaction between Rutherford’s hearing about Sophia not wanting to be accept, it was often associated two uncles hints at how geography bothered with political excitement feels with “mob violence.” Moderate (Sardis in Ohio, and Austin in understandable. anti-slavery advocates, like the Vermont) helped mold opinions. Yet her hope of hiding from politics, preeminent Kentucky Congressman It tells us a lot about America’s especially this subject, must have been Henry Clay, resented this unruly struggle with this subject in the frustrating. Widowed in 1822 shortly behavior. These individuals believed moment of Hayes’s adolescence. And after moving from Vermont to Ohio, in a gradual emancipation of slaves it gives us insight into two men who she relied on her younger brother, that would not result in massive had a direct impact on the eventual Sardis, who also made the trip to the violence. Even Abraham Lincoln 19th president. page 4 2021 Verandah Concert Series A string band, a boogie piano The 2021 Verandah Concert player and vocalists performing schedule: songs from the ‘50s, ‘60s and June 9 – Fostoria Lake ‘70s are among the performers Plains Barbershop Chorus, featured this summer during performing vocal music the Verandah Concert series at the Hayes Presidential Library June 23 – Nostalgia, a vocal & Museums. ensemble performing music of the ‘50s, ‘60s and ‘70s The popular concerts take place twice a month on July 7– Cottonwood Jam Wednesdays on the verandah of String Band, a traditional the historic home of 19th U.S. acoustic string band President Rutherford and First July 21 – Bridge County Lady Lucy Hayes. Bluegrass Band, performing Bring a lawn chair or blanket The popular Bridge County Bluegrass Band returns this bluegrass music for seating on the expansive summer to Hayes Presidential’s Verandah Concert Series. Aug. 4 – Matthew Ball, aka lawn. Admission is free. “The Boogie Woogie Kid,” Each event begins with an ice cream social performing boogie, blues and at 6:30 p.m. Donations are accepted for the ice swing piano music cream. Performances then start at 7 p.m. Aug. 18 – North Coast Big Band, performing The audience is asked to maintain 6 feet of toe-tapping tunes of the World War II era physical distance between their household group Verandah Concerts are sponsored by and other audience members. Audience members also Fremont Federal Credit Union with additional funding by should wear face coverings when not sitting with their ProMedica Memorial Hospital. household group. If there is inclement weather, concerts could be canceled. Although Hayes Presidential is closed on Wednesdays, For updates, visit rbhayes.org or call 800-998-7737. the museum bathrooms will be available to concert Updates also will be posted on the Hayes Presidential attendees. Library & Museums’ social media pages.

Hayes descendant Kids Days @ Hayes donates kimono farm day is July 24 connected to Kids can learn about farm life during Kids Days @ Hayes HPLM founder Farm Day on Saturday, July 24, at Spiegel Grove, the grounds of Hayes descendant Mary Elizabeth the Hayes Presidential Library & Hayes Parks of Minneapolis Museums. recently donated an East Asian kimono to the Hayes Presidential Farm Day is from 10 to 11:30 a.m. Library & Museums. Kids will make ice cream and butter. Col. Webb Cook Hayes, son of This event is geared toward kids President Rutherford and First in fourth through sixth grades, but Lady Lucy Hayes, got this silk kids of all ages are welcome. kimono during one of his military campaigns abroad. Cost is $5 for Hayes Presidential members at the He gave it to Parks’ parents as a gift. Note the intricate embroidery and bird, major level and higher and $7 for likely a crane, on the gold buttons. non-members. There is no cost for adults who bring kids to this “We’re happy to have something that not only tells us about Webb’s program. Tickets are travels abroad but is a fine piece available at rbhayes.org. of East Asian culture,” said Kevin The event sponsor is Moore, curator of artifacts. Westview Veterinary Hospital.

Spring 2021 page 5 RECOGNIZING DONORS AND MEMBERS Jan. 1 – March 30, 2021

Buildings & Gary & Mary Franks Murphy Tuomey Wilson Manuscripts M/M Anthony W. Doble Grounds In memory of Stephen Kenneth J. Doran Peggy J. Dorr Anonymous - Donation & Erin Gillig A. Hayes Creek Bend Farm & Wilson Patrick Doust Boxes on Grounds Gary & Joan Godfred Dorothy Wagner Nature Center William & Joyce Draeger Marian Kindred George P. Hamilton Mike & Marilu Waleryszak Carolyn Ferrell William Dunn Bob & Lil Zilles Walt & Jean Hayes John W. Walker John & Marie Hildebrandt Donald Durnwald Burke & Sarah Hayes Tim Wasserman Sebastian Page Ken & Georgena Edmonds Capital Dominic & Ashley Mary & Bob Weichel John & Holly Elder Improvement Fund Helmstetter Judy Weickert Membership Robert & Marilyn L. Gary & Bette Kaltenbach Joyce Henline Marty & Roy Wilhelm Merrily Abner Fabritius Children’s Robert & Theresa Herrmann Geary & Diane Wise Deborah Acker Charles & Kathleen Failor Programming Rebecca Hill Janet Wobser Allen Co. Public Library M/M Richard R. Faist M/M Thomas Appleby Ashley Bruce Reasner Frances Hipp Margaret Wolf Rev./Mrs. Jerald Fenske Denny & Cindy Hiser Mike & Kay Yeagle M/M Charles W. Ardner John Fey In memory of Jane Linda Armstrong Reasner Mrs. Tom Hite Joe & Jill Fick In memory of Tom Hite Hayes Home M/M William Armstrong Virginia Finken Christmas Dinners Marion Jaeger Jeannette Love Dean & Melinda Auxter Michael P. Devon & Jennifer M/M Stanley Johnson Honorariums John & Diane Avers Donna Fizer McFarland Barrett Key Bank N.A. Trustee Janet M. Baker Pamela Franks In honor of Melissa M/M Jack Balsizer for the Walter E Terhune Dwight’s Birthday M/M Gerald Franks Educational Memorial Fund Jim & Linda Balsizer Sandy French Programming In honor of Eric Keiser’s Nicholas & Jocelyn Baskey Walter & Joyce King Birthday Kenneth & Julie Frost Larry & Suzi Michaels Steve & Jan Kirchoff Maynard Bauer Jeff & Mary Kay Gabel In honor of Richard & Ned Bauer Donna L. Kirsch Mary Keiser’s Birthdays Heather Gilbert Endowment - Keith D. Kleckner Andrea Beach Dr. Karen L. Gillmor Manuscripts In honor of Heather Moir’s James & Sherry Klopp Nira Beaschler Larry Goetz Burke & Sarah Hayes Birthday Deane Belden Knight Baldwin Charitable Bernard (Ben) Horn Paul T. Goodman & Karyl Elizabeth Pietrykowski Fund, Inc. - Charles, Steve & Deborah Billow Carmignani Honorable/Mrs. Michael In honor of Vincent Snyder Jenny Rose Binder Chris & Mary Knight Jim & Kay Miranda M/M Donald Gribble E. Shay Lee & Caryl Koenig M/M Theodore Bintz Jr. Max Griffith Gateway to the Kathy A. Lafferty In Kind Gifts James & Sandra Blausey Debra Myers Griffiths Future Annual Daniel & Jacque Lease Janet Keller Jean Blechschmidt Myrna Grove Appeal Tom Leite MLAD Graphic Design Brian & Peg Bliss Richard S. Hamilton Joe & Sue Albrechta Barry & Jan Luse Services Dorothy Borden James H. & Anne W. Harding Phyllis & David McCorkle Jarrod Borkey Leon F. & Margaret E. Harris Anonymous Independence Day Tom & Pat Appleby Mead Foundation Bruce & Lucianne Bowlus Teresa Harvey M/M Charles W. Ardner Chuck & Peggy Merrill Concert James & Bonnie Bowlus Lisa Hasselbach John & Diane Avers Wayne & Dolores Michael Martha Christy Burt Parmelia Boyer Joyce Havens M/M Jack Balsizer Larry & Suzi Michaels In honor of Rita Moody Jon & Kathy Brough Karen S. Havens Devon & Jennifer John E. Miller & Fabienne Stout Laurie M. Brown Thomas & Sharon Hayes McFarland Barrett Beverly M. Miner Dr. William Daehler Ben & Peggy Brown Patrick & Nancy Haynes Maynard & Bauer Jim & Kay Miranda Margaret A.M. Elliott M/M Daniel L. Brudzinski Doug & Sue Heasley Ned E. Bauer Gerald Missey In honor of Jim & Kay Christine Burkhart Cheryl Heilman Brian A. Berkey George & Connie Moore Miranda M/M Brian Burroughs Andrew Helms & Vanessa Stan & Kathy Biehler M/M Robert Moyer Wayne & Dolores Michael M/M Jeff Campbell Allen Richard & Pamela Binau Patricia O’Neill Bob & Lil Zilles Thomas & Mary Jean Michael & Viki Hill Jean Blechschmidt Mary M. Ottney Carmack Sharon L. Hintze Max & LeeAnn Pavlock Library Jim Cassatt & Patti Smith Denise Hofelich- Karen Botzko Patricia Dwyer Christopher E. Bowman Dr./Mrs. Dave Peterson Greg & Annie Cassidy Rogalinski Alexander Platt Pamela Franks M/M John E. Chambers Lt. Col. Thomas Hoffert Parmelia P. Boyer Mary Ottney Suzanne Brickner In memory of Bill Platt Margaret Hayes Clark Randy & Kay Hoffman Archie Rader In memory of Donald John & Joyce Clarke Ed & Jan Howard John Caputo Bartson William Carbaugh Susan & Jim Ricker Kenneth F. Cleary M/M John R. Hull Margaret Riggle Collins Elizabeth Pietrykowski Gary & Sandra Cleveland Barbara Ireland Christopher Clapsaddle Sandusky Co. Kin Hunters Dorothy D. Cox Steve & Cheryl Riggs Representative Gary Click Bob & Joy James William & Rea Ripple In memory of Lloyd Geoff & Michelle Clouse Jon James David & Elizabeth Crawford Sterling Jon Dale Wally & Carol Ronski Clyde Museum/Gene Smith Stanley Johnson & Sandra Marylee Dalton & Lynn Larry Rusinsky Library In-Kind Keith Collier Corfman Drickamer Nancy Sattler Gifts Margaret Riggle Collins M/M Ted Karchner Ernest Scholz & Julie C. Ellen Connally Marian L. Kindred Nathan Danziger Mildred Barnett Samuel Danziger Johnson John & Cindy Connell Walter & Joyce King Doris M. Seaman Ronald Claypool Cyrus & Rebecca Connors Steve & Jan Kirchoff James F. Daubel Creek Bend Farm & Janet Day H. Dennis Sears Cheryl Cotter Donna L. Kirsch Janet S. Seitz Wilson Nature Center Dorothy D. Cox Jim & Sherry Klopp Drs. Sean Decatur & John Havens Renee Romano Stephen P. Shaffer Scott J. Culbertson Sharon Knieriem Barbara Sharp Paul A. Lieber Charles H. Cuthbert Jr. Christopher & Mary Knight Janice Denman Henry R. Timman Diane De Vries Mark & Christine Smith Bruce & Martha Darr Lee & Caryl Koenig Patrick Doust Kristina Smith Dorothy A. Darr Brant & Meghan Kolbe In memory of Arthur & M/M Philip G. Steinle, Sr. Chris & Ann Davies Linda Krenk Kate Doust Carolyn J. Strite Tom & Linda Decker Todd Kwait John A. Fatherley Dr. & Mrs. Howard Linda Dehring Kathy A. Lafferty Rev./Mrs. Jerald Fenske Stierwalt M/M J. Steve Detillion Lawrence & Elena Langstaff Michael P. Fisher Burk Tischler Judy Dewitz Rebecca Lauer M/M Ronald Tripp Dr. James G. Dillon David Lehmann page 6 Andrew & Sandra Lingler Margot Weber Special Appeal Bert & Lois Livingston Kavin & Glendora Welch Nancy Platt Jeannette Love Scott Welty & Vanessa Whitt Sandra Folk Lowery Joan Wensinger Sponsors Mary Luecht Ruth Whipple 2nd Saturdays R 4 Kent & Janet McClary Jame E. Widmer Kids Barry & Cathy McEwen Lynda Wilbert The Andersons Al Mehlow Joe & Sharon Wilson Susan L. Melter Gloria J. Witte Adopt a School Patricia Metcalf Janet Wobser Curriculum Connections Greg & Beth Meyers Jon & Karen Younker Materion LaDonna Michael Karen Yuschak Tiffin Charitable Krista Michaels Foundation-White Drs. Larry & Suzie Memorials Family Charitable Fund Michaels In memory Ann Cain Breta Gorman Book Club Kim Michalak Richard & Kathy Smith M/M Timothy Mielke In memory of Albert D. Cook Chuck & Jerri Miller Gregg & Karen Cline Easter Egg Roll John E. Miller Dale & Teresa Kramer Fremont ACE Hardware Sally S. Miller Roger & Barb Root’s Poultry & Welly’s – Beverly M. Miner Wasserman Title Sponsor James & Janet Morley Tim Wasserman Jim & Kim Moyer In memory of Ramiro Finding Her Voice Helen Elaine Murray Gonzalez Exhibit Ohio Karen A. Murray Jim & Kay Miranda Humanities, a state Lathrop B. Nelson In memory of Kenneth & affiliate of the National Dennis Newman Margaret Haack Endowment for the Carol Norman Marci Haack Humanities Weatherford Alan E. Norris GroveFest Steve & Karen Oberst In Memory of Stephen A. Hayes Paramount Photo collage by Gil Gonzalez. Pictured, clockwise from Marietta Oliver ProMedica Memorial Samuel & Jennera Ortiz Chad Buch top left: Former Spiegel Grove caretaker Ralph Billow In memory of Ray Markwith Hospital and Hayes Presidential grounds crew clean brush around Patricia Otstot Key Bank N.A. Trustee M/M Robert Parker Lee & Sharon Bowden the Hayes tomb. Billow and Betty Hayes complete the Russell Markwith for the Walter E furnishing of Fanny Hayes’ dollhouse in the museum. Jim & Barb Parkhurst Terhune Linda Paul In memory of Eileen Rose Billow acts as a “French Explorer” along the Sandusky- Perry Memorial Fund – Title Scioto Trail that runs through Spiegel Grove. Billow Max & LeeAnn Pavlock Sponsor Dean & Mary Pfefferle Amy Perry, Bill & Liz and former Curator of Artifacts Mary Lou Rendon place presidential china on the sideboard. Billow puts a tag on Jim & Kathy Pfefferle Perry History Roundtable tree identifying it by species. ProMedica Memorial David & Julie Perry, Anonymous Hospital Doug & Karen Perry Duane & Maureen Pump Jim & Carole Perry Kids Days @ Hayes Roger Rap Mark & Susie Perry Mother’s Day Tea - Billy’s Retired caretaker loved Spiegel Grove Don & Barbara Rathbun Mike & Rhea Perry Restaurant - Pam & Joy Mary Reetz Pat & Janet Perry Earth Day - The Paul M. Wayne & Carol Perry When Ralph Billow graduated high school in 1949, Tom & Ann M. Renz & Lucy J. Gillmor he began working at Spiegel Grove as the driver Rex & Helen Ritchie Tim & Martha Charitable Foundation JoAnn Romick Riesterer for Admiral Webb Cook Hayes II and his family. In memory of James Presidents’ Day Ron & Nancy Root Knight-Baldwin He cultivated strong friendships with the Steven & Dawn Root Edward Reardon Bill & Pat Farr Charitable Hayes family and Hayes Presidential Library Gary Roser Fund John & Betty Scheer In memory of Kathy Williams & Museums’ staff. In 1958, he became William Schwab Lee & Caryl Koenig Spirit Stories the institution’s buildings and grounds Janet S. Seitz New Drive-In KF Construction superintendent and dedicated his 43-year career Honorable/Mrs. Michael Entrance E. Shay “Hayes Train Special” at Spiegel Grove to preserving the property and Lee Koenig Family model train display Brendan J. Sheehan Foundation the artifacts of the Hayes family. David & Candace Shugar Croghan Colonial Bank Al & Faith Smith Operations Verandah Concerts After his retirement in 1992, he continued to John (Jack) Smith AmazonSmile ProMedica Memorial volunteer at Hayes Presidential and was a wealth Barbara Smola Anonymous Hospital of historical information and fun stories about James R. Smothers Thaddeus B. Hurd Michael Snyder Charitable Civil War Winter Camp the Hayes family and the property. Vince & Charlene Snyder Trust Fremont VFW Post 2947 Hayes Presidential staff were deeply saddened David A. Somers Kroger Rewards Janet Stayancho to learn of Billow’s death on Saturday, April 10. Preservation He was 91. Kim & Margaret Steffanni of Collections M/M Harold F. Steiger, Jr. “Ralph was always so fun to see when my Larry & Barbara Stout &Artifacts Carolyn J. Strite Larry & Suzi Michaels brothers and I visited Spiegel Grove growing Keith Tong Restricted up,” said Jennifer McFarland-Barrett, Hayes James Treibert Jim & Molly Fails descendant and Hayes Presidential board M/M Ronald Tripp Rebecca White president. “He always had a cool part of the Jim & Diana Waddell property to show us or a story to tell. We really Robert & Rose Wagner School of Hope Earl & Karen Wammes Easter Egg Hunt looked forward to those moments - they were Michael & Mary Lou Tom & Connie Fishbaugh so exciting to us! He was and will always be a Warner special part of the history of Spiegel Grove.” Tim Wasserman

Spring 2021 page 7 Projects, continued Frohman Summer Series from page 1 than 20 years, and it is rotting. This offers in-person events, project will replace the bad wood and put fresh paint on the area. Hayes Presidential has been take-home kit options working to complete this Kids can build ships and boats, Using the Charles E. Frohman project for several years. Due to learn creative construction and Collection photographs from Hayes accessibility issues reaching the make their own roller coaster at the Presidential’s collections, drawings cupola, it was difficult to find a Frohman Summer Series: Hands-on and documents, students will analyze contractor who could do the work. History at the Hayes Presidential and build models of 19th and 20th- The other significant projects Library & Museums. century coasters, comparing them to that need to be done but require The three-part series, which promotes today’s coasters. funding are replacing the roof on learning about science, technology, Wednesday, July 14 – All Hands the museum/library building and the engineering and math (STEM) through on Deck!: Ships and Boats of heating and cooling systems in the local history, will take place in-person the Great Lakes – Students will home and museum/library building. during three sessions throughout the learn about buoyancy, flotation, Those who would like to make summer. There also will be 10 take- displacement and other principles of a gift toward these projects can home kits available per session for physics and engineering by building do so on Hayes Presidential’s those who would rather complete the different types of boats with a variety website at rbhayes.org/main/ activities at home. of materials. Using the Frohman why-make-a-gift/ or contact Sue The in-person Collection Berryman at 419-332-2081, ext. program and take- photographs, 226, or [email protected]. home kits are free. drawings and documents, The museum/library building Kids can attend or roof was last replaced in three get take-home kits students will learn about the phases, two of which were done for one, two or all in the 1990s. The third was done three sessions. Great Lakes commercial around 2011. The grounds crew For in-person has patched it several times, sessions, kids can shipping industry, as well and it has reached a point where pick from one of replacing it is critical. two time slots as the passenger offered during vessels that Estimates last obtained in the June, July and occupied the 2019 ranged from $115,000 to August sessions. area during $135,000. The work likely would There are five the late 19th be more costly today. spots available in and early 20th The heating and cooling each time slot. centuries. systems in the buildings are Kids will build their own roller coasters outdated and not working Registration during the June 16 session of the Frohman Wednesday, for in-person Summer Series. In this photo, a participant Aug. 18 – properly. The computer program attendance or to builds a coaster in 2019. Thinking that runs both is 20 years old and receive a take- Outside not compatible with Windows home kit that can the Box: 10, the current operating system be picked up at Hayes Presidential Engineering and Creative Hayes Presidential PCs use. is required. To register, contact Julie Construction – Using the Three of four humidifiers in Mayle, curator of manuscripts, at Frohman historic photographs and the Hayes Home, which create 419-332-2081, ext. 239, or jmayle@ documents, students will learn the temperature and humidity rbhayes.org. This series is geared about the innovative cardboard box levels that protect the artifacts, no toward 6 to 11-year-olds. manufacturer, Hinde & Dauch Paper longer work. Company. The business successfully Sessions for each month are: Hayes Presidential has not yet operated from 1880 to 1981 in obtained quotes for this project. Wednesday, June 16 – Cedar Sandusky. Students will gain an Point Roller Coasters – Students understanding of basic engineering “Since the entire building is can learn about speed, strength, principles and use that knowledge an artifact, it is quite important,” gravity and other principles of to construct functional bridges, Bell said. “Large swings in physics and engineering by building containers and towers. humidity cause swelling and a roller coaster using a variety of shrinking of wood joints, causing The Frohman Summer Series is them to weaken. There are many materials. From 1892 to the present sponsored by ABC INOAC. day, coasters have been a top priceless artifacts in the house.” attraction of Cedar Point amusement park generation after generation. page 8 Student

What’s inside: The Student Statesman is a special section included in the Hayes Presidential Library & Museums’ Spring 2021 Statesman. It features the works of high school students across Ohio. It includes essays, articles and poems inspired by Hayes Presidential’s special exhibit, “The Press & The Presidency,” which is on display throughout 2021. Special thanks to these students for submitting their work for this publication. The Student Statesman is made possible in part by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Any views, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed by this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the National Endowment for the Humanities.

Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress. White House press photographers pose on the White House lawn in 1918. Sofia Birchard Rutherford B. Hayes Fanny Hayes The childhood of Rutherford B. Hayes By Shelby Stallard mentally during these tough times. Rutherford and Fanny Edison High School attended a public school, which is not named, and had Prior to his presidency, Rutherford Birchard Hayes, horrifying experiences. Rud recalled the school-master “Rud’’ to his family, grew up in an exceedingly unstable hurling a jack-knife towards children simply for whispering. household. Hayes’s father died just 10 weeks before he Rud continued on to Norwalk Seminary in Norwalk, was born, leaving his mother, Sophia Birchard Hayes, as a Ohio, as well as a private academy in Connecticut, and widow with soon-to-be three children. Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio. He graduated from Rud’s family owned a whiskey distillery in Delaware, Ohio. Kenyon as valedictorian in 1842. He struggled with health issues for most of his early life. Following in the footsteps of his mother and uncle, Hayes When he was only 2 years old, Rud’s only brother drowned decided to pursue a career in law. He worked in a law office while ice skating. This took a huge toll on his mother, who had in the heart of Columbus for 10 months before attending lost another child to miscarriage prior to Rud’s birth. Harvard Law School, where he earned his bachelor’s As one can imagine, his mother, Sophia, had been through degree of law in 1845. a great deal, and any help would mean the world to her. He used this opportunity to open his own practice in Therefore, her brother took on the role of being a father modern-day Fremont. Rud had a full social life, despite the figure for Hayes and his sister. Due to all that she had fact that he was beginning to show signs of tuberculosis. previously endured, Sophia was very protective of Rud as Even though Rud started with a life of uncertainty, he was a child and did not let him play with others outside of the able to change for the better, and become one of the most family until the age of 7. famous U.S. Presidents to date. This caused him and his sister, Fanny, to become Resources: https://millercenter.org/president/hayes/life- exceptionally close. She helped him learn and grow before-the-presidency. Problematic bias, politics in network news

By Peyton Facemire trustworthiness, and concluded that, “honest journalism is Edison High School fundamental to a viable ‘government of the people.” The relationship between politics and the media today Citizens tend to trust the media and need it to make is complex. Secretary of State Warren Christopher choices on who they’re electing, but another study said that, “Without a free and independent media, true concluded that news stations report biased information democracy is unattainable.” which rapidly spreads by hyper and social media. News is One function of the First Amendment is to protect our now sold as entertainment instead of being a source of facts. right to question and even criticize the government, but The amount of information covered during up-to- the framers didn’t consider the danger of media bias. date reports on politics dropped 38 percent within three A 2018 survey said that “CNN scores ninth out of 10” in years. If the news is untrustworthy, Please see Media Bias, page 3 page 2 Preserving historic Hayes Home important to future education By Max Hermes 1873. Hayes was a popular, Edison High School well-liked man and often The year was 1835, and had several guests into his the Chicago chief of police, new home. Cyrus Bradley, was driving After a while, he began to through the area of Lower have so many guests that he Sandusky. had no room left for them. He voiced his opinion to Hayes knew his home was his fellow officers, “this land already beautiful, but he is swampy and disgusting. wanted to make it more The only thing that it serves beautiful and attractive. for is a breeding ground for The Hayes home was last flies. Who would want to restored in 2012. The project live here?” was an attempt to return the A few short years later, one house to the way it was in man fell in love with the 1880 and cost a grand total rejected land. His name was The Hayes Home is shown after construction on the of $1.2 million. Located in Sardis Birchard. Birchard original house finished in 1863. President Hayes then present day Fremont, Ohio, finalized his dream of added two additions to the home in 1880 and 1889. the Hayes house is open to acquiring the land on Nov. the public for tours. 5, 1846. It is important that we keep Birchard protected his land the past artifacts and antiques and kept it in its original in good condition so we are discarded state for almost able to go back and look to see 13 years. In 1859, Birchard how things were back then. began construction of his Hayes and many other dream estate. He took his presidents are an important time and finished the home part of Ohio’s history, and I in 1863. The home was believe that we should carry beautiful and admired by on their legacies as long as people from all around. possible. As people in the Rutherford B. Hayes communities, we need to admired his uncle’s estate visit these old places in order so much that he moved into This is a recent photo of the Hayes Home. to help pay for their upkeep. the house during his second term as Ohio’s governor in

Media bias, continued from page 2 Overall, the media has given its citizens fewer facts what other ways are we capable of finding facts? and more makeshift truths, and hypermedia takes those morphed views and transforms them into something that About every site is written by some type of opinionated is different from the truth. This has created a huge divide group, which makes it impossible to know what to trust to within journalism and politics. make an educated decision. Citizens are generally not educated on government affairs Hypermedia worsens Americans’ patience because our and need honesty and clear information. The news needs to world moves fast, with many ways to gather information. bring back the truth and provide unbiased information on When we find information on the internet, it takes about 50 the government so that citizens can trust what they hear to milliseconds to form an opinion. We don’t like waiting for make valid decisions. a response but instead like instant results. Works Cited: Project for Excellence in Journalism and When it comes to politics it can take years for politicians the Medill News Service, Washington Bureau https://www. to enact new laws. Yet the government is always being journalism.org/1998/03/06/changing-definitions-of-news/ shoved by their anxious population. When elections and https://journalism.uoregon.edu/news/six-ways-media- campaigning starts, the citizens crave the name of the influences-elections upcoming president immediately. https://journals.openedition.org/cp/1038 https://dividedwefall.com/2020/05/25/facts-first-or-fake-news/ https://www.sweor.com/firstimpressions Student Statesman page 3 Voter fraud in elections

By Troy Rutherford This was not a random push, according to The Edison High School Associated Press: “But Wisconsin law requires that Now three months into the new year, everyone in the results of those absentee votes be reported all at America is still bickering once…” about the controversial On the night of election of 2020. both elections, it was This was not the only undecided who the controversial election in president would be. This American history. The made the people of the election of 1876 between United States and other Samuel Tilden and countries very uneasy, Rutherford B. Hayes was which then people of the just as controversial. U.S thought there may There are many parallels have been voter fraud, between the two elections. but both were disproven. The thing that links the Concludingly, elections was the voter Rutherford B. Hayes fraud both Rutherford or Joe Biden may not Hayes and Joe Biden’s be remembered in the parties were said to have history books, but both committed. the elections of 2020 and During Hayes’ election 1876 will be. campaign, his Republican Works Cited: party was accused of Kennedy, Philip W. voter fraud in the newly “Oregon and the established state of Oregon. Disputed Election of One of the Republican 1876.” electors that was chosen to The Pacific Northwest vote in Oregon’s electoral Quarterly, vol. 60, no. college was John W. Watts. 3, 1969, pp. 135–144. The tie between Watts JSTOR, www.jstor. and the voter fraud of the org/stable/40488623. 2020 election is Watts was Accessed 11 Mar. 2021. the postmaster in Oregon, Lajka, Arijeta. “Graph which the Democratic Shows Thousands of party pointed out was Ballots Reported at against Article II, Section I Once, Overwhelmingly of the Constitution. for Biden.” AP NEWS, Associated Many think there might Press, 4 Nov. 2020, have been some voter apnews.com/article/ fraud again in the election fact-checking- The election of 19th U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes, between Joe Biden and pictured, was one of the most contested in U.S. history. afs:Content:9647421250. Donald Trump. Pruitt, Sarah. “How the One example of this was 1876 Election Tested the in the counting of the votes in Wisconsin. At the end of Constitution and Effectively Ended Reconstruction.” election night, it looked like Donald Trump was going History.com, A&E Television Networks, 21 Jan. to win the state of Wisconsin. Suddenly, there were 2020, www.history.com/news/reconstruction-1876- 170,000 votes for Joe Biden. This is considered by election-rutherford-hayes. many to be voter fraud.

page 4 Upon the The Secret Sea Surgery Broken Glass By Madison Wiechman Port Clinton High School A poem in regard to the rebuilding of the Gather round children, I have a very important White House in 1817, following the events on story to tell. Way back in the summer of 1893, the 24th of August in 1814. I was a surgeon hired to perform a very secret operation on a yacht. By Elyse Lortz Carey High School I was one of six surgeons who were Two years upon the broken glass sworn to secrecy. They Held not but by memory’s glare, didn’t tell us the job, but I knew it must be That they had eaten a soldier’s feast important if it could only Upon Madison’s silverware. be done on a moving ship, and it was. Our job The tempered flames of a nation was to remove a tumor Newly born from the other’s haze, from the mouth of the president of the United Were scorched and blackened by Britain’s sword States, Grover Cleveland. As the house went up ablaze. He had told the public The curtains hung with a president’s pride that he was going on a four-day fishing trip on Grover Cleveland Turned orange with wielding flame, his ’s yacht from Photo courtesy of And though two years may it again rise to Cape Cod. the Library of Congress It shall not be the same. Now it has to be secret because a president having Washington was saved again cancer came with a real stigma, and they couldn’t let None but Dolly yet to thank anybody know. If the news got out, it could send Wall As Madison was off to visit Street, along with the country, into a panic. The surgery was difficult. The boat was rocking Those men of higher rank. with the waves, and we couldn’t go about it the And now he stands even still normal way. No sirree, we couldn’t leave any evidence that he had surgery. We couldn’t let the The Lansdowne in the mix, people know the president had a weakness. As our nation has carried forward We used ether as an anesthetic, and it took about From one to forty-six. 90 minutes to finish. But we did it and left the trademark mustache untouched. We did, however, have to remove five teeth and part of his upper jaw bone, but the secret was kept. At least until a nosy reporter by the name of E.J. Edwards published the story confirmed by Cleveland’s doctor. Luckily, nobody believed him, and he was seen as a disgrace to journalism. The secret was safe, once again, that is until now. Twenty-four years later, with three witnesses left, one being me, they published an article about what really happened and proved that nosy reporter, Edwards, right. Now, children, I tell you this story so you can pass it on and tell your kids about how I saved the president, Grover Cleveland, and the country. Kevin Moore, Hayes Presidential Library & Museums curator of artifacts, discusses the special exhibit “The Press & The Source: https://www.npr.org/2011/07/06/137621988/ Presidency” with visitors during the exhibit opening reception a-yacht-a-mustache-how-a-president -hid-his-tumor last fall. Read about this exhibit, which inspired The Student Statesman, on page 7.

Student Statesman page 5 The boy who made history

By Taylor Gerschutz Vanlue High School Once there was a boy who lived in a small town called Brookline. He had a family that was quite large, to say the least: Eight other siblings, his parents and himself. Although he must’ve been annoyed with them all, he didn’t care about it much. He only wanted to be like his dad: Successful and quite the family man. The boy imagined something like this happening in his own life, but he also knew that it would take frequent hard work to get to where he wanted to be. After many years of tolerating the ups and downs of life, this boy grew up to be a fine young man who wanted to change the future. In an effort to become part of the never-ending history he was a part of, the boy made the decision to enlist in the Navy and serve the country he loved dearly. His decision to sacrifice his life for others was not easily forgotten. I’ve got nothing to lose,​ he thought. ​If I want to make history, here’s where it starts. This mantra stayed in his head as he worked hard day and night to earn countless awards, mainly the Purple Heart and the World War II Victory Medal. Photo courtesy of the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. President However, his sacrifice came John F. Kennedy listens to a question during a news conference in 1961. This was with a price. After being the first news conference by a U.S. president to be televised live. honorably discharged, he underwent back surgery and heard by many. Little did he know that he’d be the shifted into the world of politics, becoming a young one suffering a fatal bullet to the head and die just senator eight years later. minutes later... After making history once, he entered the race It’s a sad ending to his life, since he wasn’t for president and won. However, despite the liking anywhere near done. he had among everyone, his time as president was After nearly two years as the United States short-lived. president, people came to know him as America’s In one November, this boy traveled with his wife 35th president: John F. Kennedy. through Dallas. Abruptly, a loud bang​ ​ could be

page 6 Special exhibit: ‘The Press & The Presidency’ inspires Student Statesman It is not just a modern occurrence that the also covers the first televised presidential press has played a role in American politics. debate, shares political cartoons and news Since George Washington, presidents artifacts and examines media bias. have had to respond to negative press and It offers several interactives, including use some media to their advantage. a green screen where visitors can take The special exhibit “The Press & The a picture of themselves in a White Presidency” at the Hayes Presidential House press corps and text the photo to Library & Museums examines the themselves, an area to send a telegram, relationships presidents cultivated with develop a headline and more. There is the media throughout history and how also a wall of spin, which shows how those relationships and media itself have different headlines on the same topic in changed over time. various publications and types of media can give different connotations. “The Press & The Presidency,” which will remain on display through the end The title sponsor for this exhibit is of this year, inspired this edition of The the Randolph J. & Estelle M. Dorn Student Statesman. Foundation. Partial funding by the City of Fremont. “It is impossible to escape the role that media and social networks play in shaping This program is made possible in part by Ohio Humanities, a state affiliate opinions about the presidency today,” said Top: Visitors to the Hayes Presidential of the National Dustin McLochlin, Hayes Presidential Library & Museums check out the Endowment for the historian. “While the depth and frequency special exhibit “The Press & The Presidency.” Above: Visitors can Humanities. Any of communication has increased in recent take their picture in a White House views, findings, years, the relationship that the presidency press corps in the exhibit’s green conclusions or screen area and text the photo to has had with the press is a timeless topic. “ themselves. recommendations The exhibit includes a focus on President expressed by this Rutherford B. Hayes and his dealings exhibition do not with the media, as well as his friendship with William necessarily reflect those of the National Henry Smith, editor of The Western Associated Press. It Endowment for the Humanities.

Student Statesman page 7 Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums Spiegel Grove Fremont, OH 43420-2796

800-998-7737 rbhayes.org email: [email protected]

ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

The Statesman is the quarterly newsletter of the Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Library & Museums. Executive Director: Christie Weininger Editor/writer/designer/photographer: Kristina Smith

Hayes Presidential celebrates Easter with community

The Hayes Presidential Library & Museums had its annual Easter Egg Roll on Saturday, April 3. Kids enjoyed traditional egg games, interacted with the Easter Bunny and participated in other activities. On Tuesday, April 5, Hayes Presidential staff hid candy-filled eggs for kids at the School of Hope in Fremont to find in the school’s playground area. The kids then opened gifts to their school, such as summer toys, from Fremont Rotary. Pictured, from left: A boy carefully carries his hard-boiled egg during the traditional egg games at the Easter Egg Roll. The Easter Bunny says hello to a family at the egg roll. School of Hope students open their gifts.