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Digestive System Questions Key NAME: ______

Use the word bank to complete the diagram of the digestive system.

Using the word blank below, match the description given with the structures that it describes. Choices may be used more than once.

Anus Microvillia Salivary (Oral Canal) Small Intestines (Colon) Villi

1. Stores until it is secreted. Gallbladder

2. Fingerlike extensions in the intestinal wall that increase surface area. Villi

3. Two anatomical regions where mechanical occurs. Mouth and stomach ()

4. that mixes food in the mouth. Tongue

5. Common passage for food and air. Pharynx

6. Literally a food chute; it has no digestive or absorptive role. Esophagus

7. Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase the cell’s surface area. Microvilli

8. Produces a juice that neutralizes stomach and contains digestive . Pancreas

9. Organ responsible for absorption of most .

10. Organ primarily involved in absorption and formation. Large Intestine

11. Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon. Appendix

12. Organ in which digestion begins. Stomach

13. Organ into which the stomach empties. Small Intestine

14. Organ that receives and bile. Small Intestine

15. Opening through which feces are expelled from the body.

16. Produces bile. Liver

17. Produce enzymes that begin digestion. Salivary Glands

18. Stores feces until they are excreted. Rectum

Short Response Questions: 19. What is the alimentary canal? 20. Explain what peristalsis is. 21. Name 4 organs that are accessory glands or organs in the digestive system. 22. Explain the difference between mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. 23. Explain how the small intestines are well adapted for absorption.

24. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the digestive system? A. Liver. B. Gallbladder. C. Pancreas. D. . E. None of above.

25. Salivary secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of A. . B. . C. . D. Amino . E. All of above.

26. Parasympathetic impulses to the generally inhibit peristalsis and while impulses from the sympathetic division increase the rate of digestion. A. True. B. False.

27. What mouth part helps to mix food with , moves food toward the pharynx for , and houses receptor cells? A. . B. . C. Tongue. D. . E. All of above.

28. What initiates the swallowing reflex? A. Fear of choking on food. B. The tongue rolling the to the pharynx. C. Sensory receptors detecting the bolus in the pharynx D. of saliva at the thought of food.

29. What is the primary purpose of the liver in aiding digestion? A. Produces digestive enzymes. B. Produces alkaline to neutralize stomach acidity. C. Produces bile to emulsify in the small intestine. D. Produces substances that aid the large intestine in water absorption. E. None of above.

30. The salivary amylase begins to digest which molecules? A. Proteins. B. . C. Lipids. D. Nucleic acids.

31. What does the pancreatic directly join to? A. . B. Liver. C. . D. .

32. How long can it take for food to completely pass through the large intestine? A. 10 minutes B. 1 hour C. 5 hours D. 20 hours

33. What is the largest in the body? A. Liver. B. Gallbladder. C. Pancreas. D. Large intestine.