Alkaloids Updated Product List Final
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Comparative Study of Different Doses of Rocuronium Bromide For
MedDocs Publishers Annals of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Open Access | Research Article Comparative study of different doses of rocuronium bromide for endotracheal intubation Nidhi V Sardhara1*; Sonal A Shah2; Dhaval P Pipaliya3; Shivansh Gupta3 1SVP hospital, 13th floor, Room no 13125, Near Ellis bridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380006 2Assistant Professor, Department of anesthesia, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India 3First year Resident, Department of anesthesia, Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India *Corresponding Author(s): Nidhi V Sardhara Abstract SVP hospital, 13th floor, Room no 13125, Near Ellis Background: Endotracheal intubation is one of such bridge, Ahmedabad, Gujarat-380006 development without which general anesthesia cannot be Tel: +91-9428-44-7878, Fax: 7926-57-8452 considered safe for any major surgery particularly head and Email: [email protected] neck, thoracic and abdominal surgeries. Ever since the ad- vent of anesthesia, anesthesiologists have been in search of an ideal muscle relaxants which can provide ideal intu- bating conditions in ultrashort duration with minimal side effects. Rocuronium bromide provides fast onset of action, Received: Mar 11, 2020 an intermediate duration of action and rapid recovery, good Accepted: Apr 24, 2020 to excellent intubating conditions at doses having minimal Published Online: Apr 30, 2020 or no haemodynamic changes. Present study is to compare the effect of different doses (0.6 mg/kg, 0.9 mg/kg, 1.2 mg/ Journal: Annals of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine kg) of Rocuronium bromide for endotracheal intubation at Publisher: MedDocs Publishers LLC 60 seconds. Online edition: http://meddocsonline.org/ Material and methods: This study was carried out by Copyright: © Sardhara NV (2020). -
Vecuronium Bromide As Control
A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO FIND AN IDEAL INTUBATING DOSE OF INJ. ROCURONIUM BROMIDE USING INJ. VECURONIUM BROMIDE AS CONTROL. Dissertation submitted In partial fulfillment for the award of M.D DEGREE EXAMINATION M.D. ANAESTHESIOLOGY & CRITICAL CARE BRANCH X GOVT KILPAUK MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL SUBMITTED TO THE TAMILNADU DR. MGR MEDICAL UNIVERSITY CHENNAI APRIL – 2011 1 DECLARATION I, Dr. D.Shunmuga Priya, solemnly declare that the dissertation, “A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO FIND AN IDEAL INTUBATING DOSE OF INJ. ROCURONIUM BROMIDE USING INJ. VECURONIUM BROMIDE AS CONTROL” is a bonafide work done by me in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Government Kilpauk, Medical College, Chennai under the able guidance of Prof. Dr. P.S. Shanmugam, MD., DA., Professor and HOD, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Government Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai. Place : Chennai Date : (Dr. D.SHUNMUGA PRIYA) 5 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that this dissertation titled “A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO FIND AN IDEAL INTUBATING DOSE OF INJ. ROCURONIUM BROMIDE USING INJ. VECURONIUM BROMIDE AS CONTROL” has been prepared by Dr. D.SHUNMUGA PRIYA under my supervision in the Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Government Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai during the academic period 2008-2011 and is being submitted to the Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai in partial fulfillment of the University regulation for the award of the Degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD Anaesthesiology and Critical Care) and her dissertation is a bonafide work. Prof..Dr. V.Kanagasabai, M.D Prof. Dr. P.S.Shanmugam, M.D., D.A. DEAN Professor & HOD, Government Kilpauk Medical College Department of Anaesthesiology and & Hospital, Critical Care, Chennai. -
Rocuronium Bromide PRODUCT DATA SHEET Issue Date 01/06/2020
Rocuronium Bromide PRODUCT DATA SHEET issue date 01/06/2020 Product Name: Rocuronium Bromide Product Number: R045 CAS Number: 119302-91-9 Molecular Formula: C32H53BrN2O4 Molecular Weight: 609.68 Form: Powder Appearance: Off-white to yellowish powder Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and DMSO. Source: Synthetic Storage Conditions: ≤30°C Description: Rocuronium Bromide is the bromide salt form of Rocuronium, a fumarate, aminosteroid type non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that relaxes the skeletal muscle. It was introduced in 1994, and has a similar pharmacokinetic profile to Vecuronium, as it is a derivative of the 3-hydroxy metabolite of Vecuronium. It competes with acetylcholine in binding to cholinergic receptors at neuromuscular junctions. Rocuronium Bromide is soluble in water, ethanol, and DMSO. Mechanism of Action: Rocuronium Bromide competes with acetylcholine and binds to cholinergic receptors at neuromuscular junctions. It binds to nicotinic receptors in the neuromuscular junction. It is classified as a neuromuscular nondepolarizing agent since it does not cause depolarization of the motor end plate. References: Anzenbacherova et al (2015) Interaction of Rocuronium with human liver cytochromes P450. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 127(2):190-195 PMID 25727956 Cembala TM, Sherwin JD, Tidmarsh MD, Appadu BL and Lambert DG (1998) Interaction of neuromuscular blocking drugs with recombinant human m1-m5 muscarinic receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. B. J. Pharmacol. 125(5):1088-1094 PMID 9846649 Koksal PM and Gürbüzel M(2015) Analysis of genotoxic activity of ketamine and Rocuronium Bromide using the somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 39(2):628-634 PMID 25682000 Sauer et al (2017) Rocuronium is more hepatotoxic than succinylcholine in vitro. -
Risk Assessment of Argyreia Nervosa
Risk assessment of Argyreia nervosa RIVM letter report 2019-0210 W. Chen | L. de Wit-Bos Risk assessment of Argyreia nervosa RIVM letter report 2019-0210 W. Chen | L. de Wit-Bos RIVM letter report 2019-0210 Colophon © RIVM 2020 Parts of this publication may be reproduced, provided acknowledgement is given to the: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, and the title and year of publication are cited. DOI 10.21945/RIVM-2019-0210 W. Chen (author), RIVM L. de Wit-Bos (author), RIVM Contact: Lianne de Wit Department of Food Safety (VVH) [email protected] This investigation was performed by order of NVWA, within the framework of 9.4.46 Published by: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM P.O. Box1 | 3720 BA Bilthoven The Netherlands www.rivm.nl/en Page 2 of 42 RIVM letter report 2019-0210 Synopsis Risk assessment of Argyreia nervosa In the Netherlands, seeds from the plant Hawaiian Baby Woodrose (Argyreia nervosa) are being sold as a so-called ‘legal high’ in smart shops and by internet retailers. The use of these seeds is unsafe. They can cause hallucinogenic effects, nausea, vomiting, elevated heart rate, elevated blood pressure, (severe) fatigue and lethargy. These health effects can occur even when the seeds are consumed at the recommended dose. This is the conclusion of a risk assessment performed by RIVM. Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds are sold as raw seeds or in capsules. The raw seeds can be eaten as such, or after being crushed and dissolved in liquid (generally hot water). -
COMPARISON of ROCURONIUM BROMIDE and SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE for USE DURING RAPID SEQUENCE INTUBATION in ADULTS Ch
DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/672 ORIGINAL ARTICLE COMPARISON OF ROCURONIUM BROMIDE AND SUCCINYLCHOLINE CHLORIDE FOR USE DURING RAPID SEQUENCE INTUBATION IN ADULTS Ch. Penchalaiah1, N. Jagadeesh Babu2, T. Kumar3 HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Ch. Penchalaiah, N. Jagadeesh Babu, T. Kumar. ”Comparison of Rocuronium Bromide and Succinylcholine Chloride for Use during Rapid Sequence Intubation in Adults”. Journal of Evidence based Medicine and Healthcare; Volume 2, Issue 32, August 10, 2015; Page: 4796-4806, DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2015/672 ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The goal of rapid sequence intubation is to secure the patients airway smoothly and quickly, minimizing the chances of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents. Traditionally succinylcholine chloride has been the neuromuscular blocking drug of choice for use in rapid sequence intubation because of its rapid onset of action and profound relaxation. Succinylcholine chloride remains unsurpassed in providing ideal intubating conditions. However the use of succinylcholine chloride is associated with many side effects like muscle pain, bradycardia, hyperkalaemia and rise in intragastric and intraocular pressure. Rocuronium bromide is the only drug currently available which has the rapidity of onset of action like succinylcholine chloride. Hence the present study was undertaken to compare rocuronium bromide with succinylcholine chloride for use during rapid sequence intubation in adult patients. METHODOLOGY: The study population consisted of 90 patients aged between 18-60 years posted for various elective surgeries requiring general anaesthesia. Study population was randomly divided into 3 groups with 30 patients in each sub group. 1. Group I: Intubated with 1 mg kg-1 of succinylcholine chloride (n=30). -
INTUBATING CONDITIONS and INJECTION PAIN - Cisatracurium Or Rocuronium Versus Rocuronium-Cisatracurium Combination
INTUBATING CONDITIONS AND INJECTION PAIN - Cisatracurium or Rocuronium versus Rocuronium-Cisatracurium Combination - * * AHED ZEIDAN ,NAZIH NAHLE , ** *** HILAL MAALIKI AND ANIS BARAKA Summary The present report evaluates the incidence of pain on intravenous injection and the condition of tracheal intubation at one minute following the administration of cisatracurium or rocuronium versus rocuronium- cisatracurium combination. We studied 60 patients, ASA 1, aged 18-60 years, undergoing elective surgical procedures. The patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups who received intravenously either 0.15 mg/kg cisatracurium [2ED95], 0,6 mg rocuronium [2ED95] or a combination of 0.075 mg/kg cisatracurium [1ED95], plus 0.3 mg rocuronium [1ED95]. In the awake patients, the pain on injection of muscle relaxant was assessed on a four point scale (none, mild, moderate, severe). Administration of the relaxant was followed by 1-2 mg/kg of lidocaine and 2 mg/kg propofol. Oro- tracheal intubation was performed 60 seconds following the administration of the relaxant. The intubating conditions were assessed and rated as excellent, good, fair or poor. * MD, Staff Anaesthesiologist, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sahel General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon. **MD Staff Anaesthesiologist, Department of Anaesthesiology, Beirut Governmental University Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon. *** MD, FRCA, Professor and and Chairman, Department of Anesthesiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. Corresponding Author: Ahed Zeidan, Department of Anaesthesiology, Sahel General Hospital, Airport Ave. P.O. Box: 99/25-Ghobeiry, Beirut-Lebanon. Phone: 961-1-858333. Fax: 961-1-840146, E-mail: [email protected]. 879 M.E.J. ANESTH 18 (5), 2006 880 AHED ZEIDAN ET. AL The administration of 2ED95 cisatracurium resulted in poor intubating conditions at 60s, without pain on injection. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Synthesis Of
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Synthesis of Functionalized α,α-Dibromo Esters through Claisen Rearrangements of Dibromoketene Acetals and the Investigation of the Phosphine-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of Imines and Allenoates A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry by Nathan John Dupper 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Synthesis of Functionalized α,α-Dibromo Esters through Claisen Rearrangements of Dibromoketene Acetals and the Investigation of the Phosphine-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Annulation of Imines and Allenoates by Nathan John Dupper Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry Univsersity of California, Los Angeles, 2017 Professor Ohyun Kwon, Chair Allylic alcohols can be transformed into γ,δ-unsaturated α,α-dibromo esters through a two- step process: formation of a bromal-derived mixed acetal, followed by tandem dehydrobromination/Claisen rearrangement. The scope and chemoselectivity of this tandem process is broad and it tolerates many functional groups and classes of allylic alcohol starting material. The diastereoselectivity of the Claisen rearrangement was investigated with moderate to excellent diastereomeric selectivity for the formation of the γ,δ-unsaturated α,α-dibromo esters. The product α,α-dibromo esters are also shown to be valuable chemical building blocks. They were used in the synthesis of the ynolate reaction intermediate, as well as other carbon–carbon bond- forming reactions. Highly functionalized lactones were also shown to be simply prepared from the γ,δ-unsaturated α,α-dibromo ester starting materials formed via the Cliasen rearrangement. ii A phosphine-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation of imines and allenoates is also investigated herein. -
Reversal of Neuromuscular Bl.Pdf
JosephJoseph F.F. Answine,Answine, MDMD Staff Anesthesiologist Pinnacle Health Hospitals Harrisburg, PA Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Pennsylvania State University Hospital ReversalReversal ofof NeuromuscularNeuromuscular BlockadeBlockade DefiniDefinitionstions z ED95 - dose required to produce 95% suppression of the first twitch response. z 2xED95 – the ED95 multiplied by 2 / commonly used as the standard intubating dose for a NMBA. z T1 and T4 – first and fourth twitch heights (usually given as a % of the original twitch height). z Onset Time – end of injection of the NMBA to 95% T1 suppression. z Recovery Time – time from induction to 25% recovery of T1 (NMBAs are readily reversed with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors at this point). z Recovery Index – time from 25% to 75% T1. PharmacokineticsPharmacokinetics andand PharmacodynamicsPharmacodynamics z What is Pharmacokinetics? z The process by which a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized and eliminated by the body. z What is Pharmacodynamics? z The study of the action or effects of a drug on living organisms. Or, it is the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs. For example; rocuronium reversibly binds to the post synaptic endplate, thereby, inhibiting the binding of acetylcholine. StructuralStructural ClassesClasses ofof NondepolarizingNondepolarizing RelaxantsRelaxants z Steroids: rocuronium bromide, vecuronium bromide, pancuronium bromide, pipecuronium bromide. z Benzylisoquinoliniums: atracurium besylate, mivacurium chloride, doxacurium chloride, cisatracurium besylate z Isoquinolones: curare, metocurine OnsetOnset ofof paralysisparalysis isis affectedaffected by:by: z Dose (relative to ED95) z Potency (number of molecules) z KEO (plasma equilibrium constant - chemistry/blood flow) — determined by factors that modify access to the neuromuscular junction such as cardiac output, distance of the muscle from the heart, and muscle blood flow (pharmacokinetic variables). -
Dblrocuroniuminj.Pdf
NEW ZEALAND DATA SHEET 1. PRODUCT NAME DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION Each mL of DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide injection contains 10 mg rocuronium bromide and the following inactive ingredients sodium acetate, sodium chloride and acetic acid and/or sodium hydroxide q.s. to adjust pH to within the range of 3.8 -4.2. For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Solution for injection Rocuronium bromide is an off-white to pale-yellow or slightly pink amorphous powder. Rocuronium bromide is readily soluble in water (> 200 mg/mL) and a 1% w/v solution in water has a pH of 8.9 – 9.5. In aqueous solution rocuronium bromide is more stable at acidic pH. DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection is supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution that is clear, colourless to faintly yellow administered by intravenous bolus or infusion. 4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection is indicated to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery. DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection is also indicated as an adjunct to general anaesthesia to facilitate tracheal intubation during routine induction, and during rapid sequence induction when suxamethonium is contraindicated. DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection is also indicated as an adjunct in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to facilitate intubation and mechanical ventilation. 4.2 Dose and method of administration Dose Like other neuromuscular blocking agents DBLTM Rocuronium Bromide Injection should only be administered by, or under supervision of, experienced clinicians who are familiar with the action and use of these agents. -
Phoretic Analysis of Ergot Alkaloids. Relations Mobility in the Cle Vine
Acta Pharm, Suecica 2, 357 (1965) Thin-layer chromatographic and thin-layer electro- phoretic analysis of ergot alkaloids.Relations between structure, RM value and electrophoretic mobility in the cle vine series STIG AGUREll DepartMent of PharmacOgnosy, Kunql, Farmaceuliska Insiitutei, StockhOLM, Sweden SUMMARY A thin-layer chromatographic and electrophoretic study of the ergot alkaloids has been made, to find rapid methods for the separation and identification of the known ergot alkaloids. The mobilities of ergot alkaloids in several useful chromatographic and electrophore- tic systems are recorded. Relations have been observed between structure and R" value in methanol-chloroform on Silica Gel G. A simple, rapid thin-layer electrophoretic technique has been de- vised for separation of ergot alkaloids, and a relation between structure and electrophoretic mobility is evident. Two-dimensional combinations of thin-layer chromatography and thin-layer electro- phoresis and chromatography are described. Numerous paper chromatographic procedures have been published for separation of the ergot alkaloids and their derivatives. Hofmann (1) and Genest & Farmilio (2) have recently listed these systems. The general advantages of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) over paper partition chromatography are well known: shorter time of equilibration and devel- opment, generally better resolution, smaller amounts of substance rc- quired, and wider choice of reagents. Several reports of TLC of ergot alkaloids have been published. In gene- ral, these investigations (2-6 and others) have dealt 'with limited groups of alkaloids, or with a specific problem involving at most a dozen of the 40 now known naturally occurring ergot alkaloids. Some paper chromate- .357 graphic systems using Iorrnamide-treated papers have also been adopted for thin-layer chromatographic use (7, 8). -
Studies on Oxidation of Ergot Alkaloids: Oxidation and Desaturation of Dihydrolysergol—Stereochemical Requirements
Tetrahedron 63 (2007) 10466 10478 Studies on oxidation of ergot alkaloids: oxidation and desaturation of dihydrolysergol—stereochemical requirements Radek Gazˇak,a Vladimır Krˇen,a,* Petr Sedmera,a Daniele Passarella,b Michaela Novotnaa and Bruno Danielib aInstitute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vıdensk a 1083, CZ 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic bDipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy Received 6 June 2007; revised 24 July 2007; accepted 26 July 2007 Available online 1 August 2007 Abstract A new method for the oxidation of ergoline alcohols to aldehydes was found (TFFA DMSO, 78 C, then DIPEA). Structural features of ergolines required for successful C7 C8 double bond introduction via Polonovski Potier reaction of respective 6 N oxides were defined and experimentally confirmed: (i) the presence of electron withdrawing group at C 8; (ii) trans diaxial orientation of N6 O and C7 H bonds (both requirements are fulfilled for dihydrolyserg 17 al and its 2,4 dinitrophenyl hydrazone prepared in this work). Ó 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 1. Introduction Many therapeutically used EA belong to the peptide alka- loids, but a significant number is semisynthetically prepared Ergot alkaloids (EA) cover a broad range of therapeutic uses whose production is based on few basic precursors (Fig. 1), as the drugs of high potency in the treatment of various e.g., lysergic acid (1) and 9,10-dihydrolysergic acid (2), disorders, such as, e.g., uterine atonia, postpartum bleeding, lysergol (3), 9,10-dihydrolysergol (4) (available from the migraine, orthostatic circulatory disturbances, senile cere- seeds of some Ipomoea species2), and elymoclavine (5) pro- bral insufficiency, hypertension, hyperprolactinemia, acro- duced in good yields by the submerged cultivation of some megaly, and parkinsonism.1 Claviceps strains (e.g., C. -
Pdf Medication Assisted Induction Guidelines Final 05072019
Medication Assisted Induction (MAI) Regional Guidelines 2019 Edition Effective June 1, 2019 Lord Fairfax EMS Council, Inc. 180-1 Prosperity Drive Winchester, Virginia 22602 Phone 540-665-0014 Fax 540-722-0094 www.lfems.vaems.org © 2019 LFEMS Medication Assisted Induction (MAI) Guidelines – Revised 05/07/2019 1 LORD FAIRFAX EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES COUNCIL, INC. MEDICATION ASSISTED INDUCTION (MAI) REGIONAL GUIDELINES TABLE OF CONTENTS MEDICATION ASSISTED INDUCTION (MAI) REGIONAL GUIDELINES REVISION HISTORY ........................................................................................................ 3 PREFACE .........................................................................................................................4 MAI AUTHORIZATION TO PRACTICE ............................................................................. 5 REGIONAL PROVIDER GUIDELINES ............................................................................. 6 FENTANYL (SUBLIMAZE®) ........................................................................................... 12 KETAMINE (KETALAR®) ............................................................................................... 13 MIDAZOLAM (VERSED®) .............................................................................................. 14 ROCURONIUM BROMIDE (ZEMURON)(®) ................................................................... 15 VECURONIUM BROMIDE (NORCURON)(®) ................................................................. 16 © 2019 LFEMS Medication Assisted