Philadelphia Region

The Philadelphia region has experienced the full spectrum of neighborhood change since 2000. Overall, 7 percent of regional residents live in strongly economically expanding neighborhoods, while 24 percent live in strongly declining neighborhoods. Both types of neighborhood change occurred more commonly within the city of Philadelphia. Large amounts of displacement have occurred within South Philadelphia and Kensington, while the city’s Near Northeast region has undergone significant poverty concentration. Upper North Philadelphia has undergone outright abandonment, as has the Parkside area of West Philadelphia. But areas of West Philadelphia closer to the University of Pennsylvania observed displacement or even outright growth.

The suburbs, by contrast, have mostly experienced forms of economic decline. The low-income population of strongly declining suburban neighborhoods has grown by 48 percent. These areas have also seen white flight, as their white population has fallen by 19 percent, or about 95,000 people. Strong poverty concentration occurred in the eastern suburbs of Delaware County, such as Yeadon, Darby, Milbourne, and East Lansdowne. In other areas, such as Camden and Chester, poverty concentration occurred alongside neighborhood abandonment.

Regional Total Population: 5,329,045

Regional Low-Income Population: 1,452,574

Regional Nonwhite Population: 1,989,516

Central City Population: 1,555,731

Central City Low-Income Population: 721,699

Central City Nonwhite Population: 1,005,631

NET DISPLACEMENT (Low-Income Change in Tracts with Strong Expansion, 2000-2016)

Central City: -18,609

Suburbs: -2,955

NET CONCENTRATION (Low-Income Change in Tracts with Strong Decline, 2000-2016)

Central City: 85,340

Suburbs: 80,168

1 DETAILS ON TABLES

The following tables depict aggregated population and housing change in two categories of neighborhoods across the metropolitan area, its central cities, and its suburbs. The categories are:

• Economically expanding neighborhoods, which are those experiencing the kind of population changes associated with growth and displacement. These are neighborhoods where the low-income* share of population has fallen since 2000 (indicating that an area has grown less poor overall) and the absolute number of non-low-income residents has grown since 2000 (indicating that middle-income residents see the area as an attractive place to live). • Economically declining neighborhoods, which are those experiencing the kind of population changes associated with abandonment and poverty concentration. These are neighborhoods where the low- income share of population has grown since 2000 (indicating that an area has more less poor overall) and the absolute number of non-low-income residents has fallen since 2000 (indicating that middle-income residents do not see the area as an attractive place to live).

Two variants of this measure exist, and a separate table is provided for each. They are:

• In the upper set of tables, a strong, narrow measure, which only includes census tracts that have a change of +/-5 percent or greater in low-income population share, and a change of +/-10 percent for non- low-income population. This approach classifies fewer neighborhoods overall, excluding areas with only small changes in their income profile. This is the more robust and preferred measure. It is also the measure used in the accompanying maps. • In the lower set of tables, a weak, broad measure, which includes all census tracts with any change that meet the criteria for the two categories above, with no cutoffs for scale. This approach classifies more neighborhoods overall, but is noisier, because it includes tracts with very small population changes. In addition, because this report relies on American Community Survey sampling data with margins of error, this measure is more likely to include erroneously classified tracts. However, this broad measure can provide a useful outer estimate of the scale of neighborhood economic expansion and decline.

Three sets of tables are provided. They are:

• Figures for the entire metropolitan region, aggregating central cities and suburbs into one set of tables. • Figures for central cities. • Figures for suburban areas, defined as any area in the metropolitan region not included in a central city. This includes incorporated and unincorporated communities.

Each table depicts the number of people in each of the two neighborhood categories, both overall and in various population subsets. It also shows the number of housing units of various types in each neighborhood category.

• 2016 Share indicates what share of the regional, city, or suburban population of a given group live in expanding or declining tracts. The box is shaded in accordance with the size of the share. • 2016 Total indicates the absolute number of individuals in a given group that live in expanding or declining census tracts. • Net Change since 2000 indicates the change of population of a subgroup in expanding or declining tracts since 2000, both in percentage and in absolute terms. These have been colored to indicate the type of change. In economically expanding tracts, green indicates net growth while blue indicates net displacement. In economically declining tracts, red indicates net poverty concentration while purple indicates net abandonment. Darker shades indicate larger percentage changes.

* For the purposes of this report, “low-income” is classified as individuals at 200 percent of poverty line or less.

2 DETAILS ON MAPS

Neighborhood change has also been mapped by individual census tracts, incorporating the same data used to create the tables above.

The map incorporates the strong measure of neighborhood change used to create the tables. In the maps, tracts have been subdivided into four categories:

• Economically expanding areas with low-income displacement, indicated in blue, where a neighborhood’s income profile is improving while low-income population declines on net. These are typically places undergoing changes traditionally associated with gentrification, in which economic pressures push out lower incomes while higher income residents arrive. • Economically expanding areas with overall growth, indicated in green, where a neighborhood’s income profile is improving while low-income population increases on net. These are typically places with significant new housing construction, where residents across the income spectrum are arriving. • Economically declining areas with abandonment, indicated in purple, where a neighborhood’s income profile is worsening while low-income population declines on net. These are typically places experiencing the worst neighborhood economic decline, with people across the income spectrum leaving and outright depopulation occurring. • Economically declining areas with poverty concentration, indicated in red, where a neighborhood’s income profile is worsening while low-income population increases on net. These are typically places where higher-income flight and eroding housing stocks are causing rapid demographic and economic transition, contributing to the impoverishment of the area.

The categories are also shaded to indicate the scale of low-income population change within the census tracts.

The maps allow intra-regional comparisons of observed neighborhood change. However, because these classifications have been made using American Community Survey data with margins of error, precise measures are not possible and it is likely that some individual tracts are erroneously classified. As a consequence, readers are advised to focus more on clusters of tracts undergoing similar changes rather than individual outliers, particularly outliers with smaller-scale changes.

3 TABLES FOR METROPOLITAN AREA - Philadelphia Region

ECONOMICALLY EXPANDING NEIGHBORHOODS ECONOMICALLY DECLINING NEIGHBORHOODS

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Experiencing Strong Economic Expansion Experiencing Strong Economic Decline (Philadelphia Metro) (Philadelphia Metro)

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 6.7% 356,925 15.4% +47,703 TOTAL 24.0% 1,279,615 -1.4% -18,565 Low-Income 6.6% 95,984 -18.3% -21,564 Low-Income 39.5% 574,121 40.5% +165,508 Poverty 7.1% 49,321 -24.2% -15,737 Poverty 40.9% 284,183 47.0% +90,847 Extreme Poverty 7.9% 25,750 -23.3% -7,843 Extreme Poverty 39.6% 128,453 33.4% +32,181 American Indian 11.5% 715 -10.1% -80 American Indian 28.9% 1,798 -32.9% -880 Asian 10.8% 32,872 67.7% +13,267 Asian 20.6% 62,758 45.7% +19,691 Black 6.0% 64,620 -20.3% -16,492 Black 44.1% 475,840 9.6% +41,786 Hispanic 8.3% 38,956 47.1% +12,480 Hispanic 37.9% 178,006 85.3% +81,957 White 6.3% 211,053 21.1% +36,714 White 15.8% 530,119 -24.0% -166,975 College-Educated 8.5% 111,207 114.5% +59,370 College-Educated 13.3% 173,218 21.3% +30,421 Non-College 6.0% 138,937 -3.8% -5,416 Non-College 28.4% 659,223 -4.0% -27,687 Families 5.6% 33,540 -6.6% -2,376 Families 24.4% 147,320 -17.8% -31,887 Families in Poverty 5.2% 4,526 -48.3% -4,222 Families in Poverty 45.1% 39,436 26.4% +8,233 Non-Poor Families 5.6% 29,014 6.8% +1,846 Non-Poor Families 20.9% 107,884 -27.1% -40,120 Single Mothers 5.3% 3,143 -45.9% -2,671 Single Mothers 46.8% 27,826 25.5% +5,654 Children (Under 18) 5.6% 67,031 -4.9% -3,451 Children (Under 18) 25.9% 307,719 -10.7% -36,758 Young Adults (18-34) 9.5% 118,763 27.2% +25,405 Young Adults (18-34) 25.9% 323,942 6.6% +20,024 Adults (35 to 64) 6.2% 130,123 21.1% +22,689 Adults (35 to 64) 22.7% 478,536 -0.2% -847 Seniors (65 and up) 5.3% 41,008 8.1% +3,081 Seniors (65 and up) 21.8% 169,418 -0.7% -1,232 U.S.-Born 6.6% 312,904 11.8% +32,941 U.S.-Born 23.6% 1,124,907 -6.1% -73,438 Foreign-Born 7.9% 44,021 50.4% +14,758 Foreign-Born 27.8% 154,708 55.0% +54,872 Owner Units 5.8% 76,292 17.4% +11,309 Owner Units 20.3% 268,934 -14.5% -45,632 Renter Units 9.4% 61,248 11.1% +6,111 Renter Units 30.1% 195,237 15.5% +26,218 Vacant Units 9.5% 17,787 9.8% +1,585 Vacant Units 32.7% 61,312 43.0% +18,450

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods with Any Indicators of Economic Expansion* with Any Indicators of Economic Decline* (Philadelphia Metro) (Philadelphia Metro)

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 21.1% 1,124,014 15.0% +146,438 TOTAL 48.3% 2,575,093 -1.3% -33,186 Low-Income 15.4% 223,422 -11.0% -27,627 Low-Income 63.4% 921,125 32.4% +225,211 Poverty 16.0% 110,815 -11.3% -14,069 Poverty 64.1% 445,468 39.0% +124,900 Extreme Poverty 17.0% 55,133 -15.9% -10,439 Extreme Poverty 62.6% 202,886 27.1% +43,308 American Indian 20.9% 1,302 -32.9% -638 American Indian 46.9% 2,922 -38.9% -1,864 Asian 25.9% 78,843 98.2% +39,065 Asian 41.4% 125,928 48.8% +41,323 Black 15.0% 162,308 -4.1% -6,877 Black 67.1% 723,735 8.6% +57,417 Hispanic 18.3% 86,090 62.9% +33,233 Hispanic 60.4% 283,610 83.6% +129,126 White 23.0% 769,825 10.4% +72,226 White 41.2% 1,380,016 -16.6% -274,642 College-Educated 27.0% 352,929 69.5% +144,656 College-Educated 36.5% 476,084 24.3% +93,177 Non-College 18.4% 427,297 -2.0% -8,618 Non-College 53.6% 1,245,208 -5.3% -69,171 Families 20.6% 124,348 -0.6% -765 Families 48.2% 291,284 -17.7% -62,724 Families in Poverty 12.5% 10,963 -34.2% -5,696 Families in Poverty 68.5% 59,851 18.9% +9,516 Non-Poor Families 22.0% 113,385 4.5% +4,931 Non-Poor Families 44.8% 231,433 -23.8% -72,240 Single Mothers 12.4% 7,365 -32.9% -3,604 Single Mothers 70.4% 41,837 18.5% +6,530 Children (Under 18) 20.2% 240,853 1.1% +2,654 Children (Under 18) 49.6% 590,305 -12.2% -81,976 Young Adults (18-34) 22.2% 278,302 20.9% +48,082 Young Adults (18-34) 49.7% 621,331 5.4% +31,922 Adults (35 to 64) 21.2% 447,271 18.9% +71,237 Adults (35 to 64) 47.3% 999,117 0.9% +9,094 Seniors (65 and up) 20.3% 157,588 18.4% +24,451 Seniors (65 and up) 46.9% 364,340 2.5% +8,744 U.S.-Born 21.1% 1,006,825 11.6% +104,250 U.S.-Born 48.1% 2,296,062 -5.1% -124,410 Foreign-Born 21.0% 117,189 56.3% +42,190 Foreign-Born 50.1% 279,031 48.6% +91,233 Owner Units 21.7% 287,423 14.3% +35,893 Owner Units 45.3% 599,643 -9.7% -64,367 Renter Units 20.5% 133,249 10.3% +12,415 Renter Units 54.5% 353,368 12.7% +39,827 Vacant Units 21.5% 40,341 32.6% +9,928 Vacant Units 56.6% 106,246 45.5% +33,205 *The figures in the lower set of tables may include many neighborhoods with very slight demographic changes, and are especially sensitive to sampling error. These tables are best understood as depicting an aggressive outer estimate of population shifts, as compared to the estimates in the upper set of tables, which are more robustly observed. Data: U.S. Census.

4 TABLES FOR CENTRAL CITY ONLY - Philadelphia

ECONOMICALLY EXPANDING NEIGHBORHOODS ECONOMICALLY DECLINING NEIGHBORHOODS

Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Population Change by Subgroup in Neighborhoods Experiencing Strong Economic Expansion Experiencing Strong Economic Decline (Philadelphia) (Philadelphia)

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 14.6% 226,705 12.0% +24,271 TOTAL 37.7% 585,914 0.9% +5,209 Low-Income 10.2% 73,760 -20.1% -18,609 Low-Income 45.5% 328,058 35.2% +85,340 Poverty 9.9% 38,814 -27.4% -14,666 Poverty 45.3% 177,356 42.5% +52,873 Extreme Poverty 11.2% 20,439 -24.4% -6,605 Extreme Poverty 43.2% 78,786 23.0% +14,752 American Indian 20.3% 605 8.2% +46 American Indian 32.8% 976 -23.3% -297 Asian 23.4% 24,984 47.1% +8,000 Asian 32.4% 34,492 58.5% +12,735 Black 7.5% 48,126 -24.2% -15,400 Black 47.6% 306,686 6.0% +17,341 Hispanic 11.0% 23,589 44.7% +7,287 Hispanic 47.1% 101,234 84.9% +46,486 White 22.4% 123,370 23.6% +23,542 White 23.6% 129,777 -35.7% -72,178 College-Educated 28.7% 78,084 120.7% +42,697 College-Educated 21.0% 57,262 23.5% +10,889 Non-College 11.6% 88,443 -8.8% -8,558 Non-College 40.7% 309,005 -1.7% -5,195 Families 11.0% 17,088 -20.8% -4,498 Families 42.0% 65,397 -19.7% -15,999 Families in Poverty 6.4% 3,037 -56.4% -3,921 Families in Poverty 50.1% 23,614 16.1% +3,270 Non-Poor Families 12.9% 14,051 -3.9% -577 Non-Poor Families 38.4% 41,783 -31.6% -19,269 Single Mothers 6.2% 2,063 -55.6% -2,585 Single Mothers 50.8% 17,032 15.4% +2,273 Children (Under 18) 9.8% 33,716 -19.3% -8,061 Children (Under 18) 43.3% 149,353 -6.8% -10,827 Young Adults (18-34) 19.3% 88,582 37.7% +24,255 Young Adults (18-34) 34.3% 157,728 13.4% +18,654 Adults (35 to 64) 14.2% 79,153 14.0% +9,699 Adults (35 to 64) 37.6% 209,112 1.6% +3,233 Seniors (65 and up) 13.0% 25,254 -6.4% -1,729 Seniors (65 and up) 35.8% 69,721 -8.1% -6,142 U.S.-Born 14.4% 195,313 8.9% +15,935 U.S.-Born 37.4% 505,788 -4.5% -24,100 Foreign-Born 15.4% 31,392 36.1% +8,334 Foreign-Born 39.4% 80,126 57.7% +29,306 Owner Units 14.5% 44,085 9.9% +3,985 Owner Units 35.8% 108,913 -20.2% -27,511 Renter Units 18.0% 49,764 8.6% +3,925 Renter Units 34.9% 96,481 25.4% +19,571 Vacant Units 15.8% 13,924 1.9% +261 Vacant Units 37.0% 32,645 36.3% +8,693

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 25.0% 388,886 8.6% +30,900 TOTAL 60.7% 943,765 0.1% +1,396 Low-Income 18.9% 136,342 -14.2% -22,521 Low-Income 67.5% 487,379 26.0% +100,641 Poverty 18.9% 73,843 -17.5% -15,649 Poverty 66.8% 261,423 32.0% +63,351 Extreme Poverty 20.4% 37,330 -21.8% -10,408 Extreme Poverty 64.8% 118,321 15.9% +16,236 American Indian 33.5% 997 7.1% +66 American Indian 43.5% 1,293 -41.8% -928 Asian 34.5% 36,802 58.4% +13,565 Asian 48.8% 51,973 58.8% +19,246 Black 15.9% 102,327 -15.4% -18,575 Black 70.3% 453,021 4.1% +17,721 Hispanic 20.3% 43,624 40.0% +12,470 Hispanic 66.6% 143,039 77.6% +62,490 White 35.5% 195,293 12.5% +21,663 White 49.7% 273,203 -26.8% -100,250 College-Educated 43.7% 119,031 96.6% +58,496 College-Educated 40.5% 110,333 31.8% +26,647 Non-College 21.0% 159,918 -7.5% -13,053 Non-College 65.3% 495,903 -2.6% -13,242 Families 20.1% 31,269 -20.6% -8,116 Families 65.5% 102,021 -21.4% -27,819 Families in Poverty 13.3% 6,276 -45.8% -5,298 Families in Poverty 72.2% 34,038 6.1% +1,958 Non-Poor Families 23.0% 24,993 -10.1% -2,818 Non-Poor Families 62.5% 67,983 -30.5% -29,777 Single Mothers 12.7% 4,255 -46.1% -3,637 Single Mothers 73.1% 24,512 5.8% +1,336 Children (Under 18) 18.5% 63,906 -15.0% -11,287 Children (Under 18) 67.1% 231,331 -9.1% -23,218 Young Adults (18-34) 30.7% 141,133 29.5% +32,173 Young Adults (18-34) 54.2% 249,358 11.4% +25,504 Adults (35 to 64) 24.4% 135,536 10.7% +13,153 Adults (35 to 64) 62.0% 345,151 3.5% +11,533 Seniors (65 and up) 24.8% 48,311 -6.1% -3,113 Seniors (65 and up) 60.6% 117,925 -9.4% -12,293 U.S.-Born 24.9% 336,450 5.2% +16,545 U.S.-Born 60.9% 824,057 -4.5% -39,005 Foreign-Born 25.8% 52,436 37.7% +14,357 Foreign-Born 58.8% 119,708 50.9% +40,401 Owner Units 25.2% 76,712 1.9% +1,442 Owner Units 60.7% 184,865 -17.8% -39,960 Renter Units 29.6% 81,932 8.3% +6,283 Renter Units 55.7% 154,114 21.1% +26,834 Vacant Units 26.7% 23,545 9.2% +1,975 Vacant Units 60.2% 53,096 35.6% +13,942 *The figures in the lower set of tables may include many neighborhoods with very slight demographic changes, and are especially sensitive to sampling error. These tables are best understood as depicting an aggressive outer estimate of population shifts, as compared to the estimates in the upper set of tables, which are more robustly observed. Data: U.S. Census.

5 TABLES FOR REGIONAL SUBURBS - Philadelphia Region

ECONOMICALLY EXPANDING NEIGHBORHOODS ECONOMICALLY DECLINING NEIGHBORHOODS

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 3.5% 130,220 21.9% +23,432 TOTAL 18.4% 693,701 -3.3% -23,774 Low-Income 3.0% 22,224 -11.7% -2,955 Low-Income 33.7% 246,063 48.3% +80,168 Poverty 3.5% 10,507 -9.3% -1,071 Poverty 35.2% 106,827 55.2% +37,974 Extreme Poverty 3.7% 5,311 -18.9% -1,238 Extreme Poverty 35.1% 49,667 54.1% +17,429 American Indian 3.4% 110 -53.4% -126 American Indian 25.3% 822 -41.5% -583 Asian 4.0% 7,888 201.0% +5,267 Asian 14.3% 28,266 32.6% +6,956 Black 3.8% 16,494 -6.2% -1,092 Black 38.9% 169,154 16.9% +24,445 Hispanic 6.0% 15,367 51.0% +5,193 Hispanic 30.1% 76,772 85.9% +35,471 White 3.1% 87,683 17.7% +13,172 White 14.3% 400,342 -19.1% -94,797 College-Educated 3.2% 33,123 101.4% +16,673 College-Educated 11.2% 115,956 20.3% +19,532 Non-College 3.2% 50,494 6.6% +3,142 Non-College 22.4% 350,218 -6.0% -22,492 Families 3.7% 16,452 14.8% +2,122 Families 18.3% 81,923 -16.2% -15,888 Families in Poverty 3.7% 1,489 -16.8% -301 Families in Poverty 39.3% 15,822 45.7% +4,963 Non-Poor Families 3.7% 14,963 19.3% +2,423 Non-Poor Families 16.2% 66,101 -24.0% -20,851 Single Mothers 4.2% 1,080 -7.4% -86 Single Mothers 41.6% 10,794 45.6% +3,381 Children (Under 18) 3.9% 33,315 16.1% +4,610 Children (Under 18) 18.7% 158,366 -14.1% -25,931 Young Adults (18-34) 3.8% 30,181 4.0% +1,150 Young Adults (18-34) 21.0% 166,214 0.8% +1,370 Adults (35 to 64) 3.3% 50,970 34.2% +12,990 Adults (35 to 64) 17.3% 269,424 -1.5% -4,080 Seniors (65 and up) 2.7% 15,754 44.0% +4,810 Seniors (65 and up) 17.1% 99,697 5.2% +4,910 U.S.-Born 3.4% 117,591 16.9% +17,006 U.S.-Born 18.1% 619,119 -7.4% -49,338 Foreign-Born 3.6% 12,629 103.5% +6,424 Foreign-Born 21.1% 74,582 52.2% +25,566 Owner Units 3.2% 32,207 29.4% +7,324 Owner Units 15.7% 160,021 -10.2% -18,121 Renter Units 3.1% 11,484 23.5% +2,186 Renter Units 26.6% 98,756 7.2% +6,647 Vacant Units 3.9% 3,863 52.1% +1,324 Vacant Units 28.8% 28,667 51.6% +9,757

2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000 2016 Share 2016 Total Net Change Since 2000

TOTAL 19.5% 735,128 18.6% +115,538 TOTAL 43.2% 1,631,328 -2.1% -34,582 Low-Income 11.9% 87,080 -5.5% -5,106 Low-Income 59.3% 433,746 40.3% +124,570 Poverty 12.2% 36,972 4.5% +1,580 Poverty 60.7% 184,045 50.2% +61,549 Extreme Poverty 12.6% 17,803 -0.2% -31 Extreme Poverty 59.7% 84,565 47.1% +27,072 American Indian 9.4% 305 -69.8% -704 American Indian 50.1% 1,629 -36.5% -936 Asian 21.3% 42,041 154.2% +25,500 Asian 37.5% 73,955 42.6% +22,077 Black 13.8% 59,981 24.2% +11,698 Black 62.2% 270,714 17.2% +39,696 Hispanic 16.7% 42,466 95.7% +20,763 Hispanic 55.2% 140,571 90.1% +66,636 White 20.5% 574,532 9.6% +50,563 White 39.6% 1,106,813 -13.6% -174,392 College-Educated 22.7% 233,898 58.3% +86,160 College-Educated 35.4% 365,751 22.2% +66,530 Non-College 17.1% 267,379 1.7% +4,435 Non-College 47.9% 749,305 -6.9% -55,929 Families 20.8% 93,079 8.6% +7,351 Families 42.2% 189,263 -15.6% -34,905 Families in Poverty 11.6% 4,687 -7.8% -398 Families in Poverty 64.1% 25,813 41.4% +7,558 Non-Poor Families 21.7% 88,392 9.6% +7,749 Non-Poor Families 40.1% 163,450 -20.6% -42,463 Single Mothers 12.0% 3,110 1.1% +33 Single Mothers 66.8% 17,325 42.8% +5,194 Children (Under 18) 20.9% 176,947 8.6% +13,941 Children (Under 18) 42.5% 358,974 -14.1% -58,758 Young Adults (18-34) 17.3% 137,169 13.1% +15,909 Young Adults (18-34) 47.0% 371,973 1.8% +6,418 Adults (35 to 64) 20.1% 311,735 22.9% +58,084 Adults (35 to 64) 42.1% 653,966 -0.4% -2,439 Seniors (65 and up) 18.8% 109,277 33.7% +27,564 Seniors (65 and up) 42.3% 246,415 9.3% +21,037 U.S.-Born 19.6% 670,375 15.1% +87,705 U.S.-Born 43.0% 1,472,005 -5.5% -85,405 Foreign-Born 18.3% 64,753 75.4% +27,833 Foreign-Born 45.1% 159,323 46.9% +50,832 Owner Units 20.7% 210,711 19.5% +34,451 Owner Units 40.7% 414,778 -5.6% -24,407 Renter Units 13.8% 51,317 13.6% +6,132 Renter Units 53.6% 199,254 7.0% +12,993 Vacant Units 16.9% 16,796 89.9% +7,953 Vacant Units 53.5% 53,150 56.8% +19,263 *The figures in the lower set of tables may include many neighborhoods with very slight demographic changes, and are especially sensitive to sampling error. These tables are best understood as depicting an aggressive outer estimate of population shifts, as compared to the estimates in the upper set of tables, which are more robustly observed. Data: U.S. Census.

6 PHILADELPHIA (CENTRAL) REGION: Gentrification and Economic Decline by Census Tract with Net Change in Low Income Population, 2000-2016

Economic expansion/decline is defined Economic Decline: Economic Expansion: if a tract has a +/- 10% change in middle- Perkasie Abandonment:Dublin Low Income Displacement: Douglass Red Hill high-income population and a -/+ 5% Solebury MONTGOMERY New change in low-income population share, Sellersville < -700 Low Income (2) < -700 Low Income (9) Marlborough LINCOLN Hope respectively. West DENTON Rockhill Silverdale Salford -1 to -699 Low Income (25) PLATTE-1 to -699 Low Income (69) Green Lane Hill- NJ town Low Income Concentration: Overall Growth: Telford New Britain Buckingham PA New Hanover 1 to 699 Low Income Doylestown(210) 1 to 699 Low Income (17) Souderton Upper Frederick Franconia BUCKS Upper Makefield > 700 LowNew Income Britain (83) > 700 Low Income (0) Upper KSChalfont Salford Doylestown (t)

Lower Frederick Hatfield Wrightstown Hatfield Lower Salford

Schwenksville Warrington Warwick Newtown (t) Towamencin Lansdale Montgomery Limerick Perkiomen Newtown (b)

Skippack Upper Gwynedd North Wales Ivyland Northampton Warminster Trappe Horsham Middle- town Worcester Royersford Collegeville Lower Gwynedd

Spring City MONTGOMERY Hatboro Upper Langhorne Southampton East Vincent 476 Langhorne Upper Providence Upper Dublin Upper Moreland Manor Whitpain Ambler Lower Lower Providence Southampton Penndel 422 East Norriton 1 Hulmeville Phoenixville Bryn Athyn West 276 East Pikeland Norriton Lower Moreland Norristown Plymouth 309 Abington Schuylkill Bensalem Bridgeport Whitemarsh CHESTER Springfield Jenkintown Upper Merion Rockledge Charlestown Cheltenham PHILADELPHIA Conshohocken 95 PA Tredyffrin West 76 Conshohocken Beverly NJ 202 Lower Merion 76 Delanco East Whiteland Malvern Riverside Easttown West Whiteland Radnor Delran

Riverton Willistown Narberth Philadelphia Palmyra BURLINGTON Cinnaminson East Goshen Newtown Haverford

476 90 Moorestown Pennsauken Marple Millbourne Upper Maple Edgmont Darby East Lansdowne Merchantville Shade Westtown Upper Lansdowne Providence Camden Mount Clifton Heights 295 Laurel Springfield Yeadon Aldan Thornbury DELAWARE Media Darby Thornbury Collingdale WoodlynneCollingswood Morton Colwyn Sharon Hill TPK Middletown SwarthmoreRutledge Oaklyn Haddon Evesham Chester Glenolden Nether Providence Darby Aud. Pk. Haddonfield Cherry Hill Hts Rose Valley Ridley Gloucester 1 Folcroft City Audubon Prospect ParkNorwood Mt Haddon Ridley Park Brooklawn Heights Concord 95 Ephraim Tavistock CAMDEN Aston Brookhaven National Bellmawr BarringtonLawnside Chadds Ford Parkside Tinicum Westville Park Upland Eddystone Magnolia Voorhees Chester Runnemede PA Bethel Upper Chester West Deptford Somerdale Chichester Paulsboro 202 Woodbury Hi-Nella Gibbsboro Trainer Greenwich DE Deptford Stratford Lower Chichester Laurel Springs Marcus Woodbury Lindenwold Hook Heights Berlin (t) 295 Clementon Logan TPK Gloucester 95 Berlin East Greenwich Wenonah 55 Pine Pine (b) Hill Valley 0 4 42 Delaware River GLOUCHESTER Woolwich Miles Mantua Data Sources: Geolytics, U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 SF3; U.S. Census Bureau, 2016 American Community Survey (5-year data). 7