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Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, North Carolina, Ca. AD 600-1945 I. Native American Occupation and Early Wh

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Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, North Carolina, Ca. AD 600-1945 I. Native American Occupation and Early Wh NPS Form 10-900-b (March 1992) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places NAT, REGISTER Multiple Property Documentation Form NATIONALAT PARK SERvW This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. X New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, North Carolina, ca. AD 600-1945 B. Associated Historic Contexts______________________ (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) I. Native American Occupation and Early White Settlement, pre-1838 IS. A Period of Transition: White Settlement in the Early Nineteenth Century III. The Birth, Division, and Growth of a Mountain County, 1829-1874 IV. The Richness of Macon's Resources Realized, 1875-1904 V. The Transportation Revolution in Macon County, 1905-1945______ VI. Macon County Since WWII C. Form Prepared by ________ ________ name/title Jennifer Martin street & number 1 Village Lane, Suite 3 telephone (704) 274-6789 city or town Asheville state North Carolina zip code 28803-2677 D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation. (_ See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature Date State or Federal agency and bureau I hereby certify that this mul^p^ property documentation fopj Ijaf been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. *** \^ mr—•" x, ./ Signature of the weeper Date Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, NC_____________North Carolina name of Multiple Property Listing State Table of Contents for Written Narrative Provide the following information on continuation sheets. Cite the letter and the title before each section of the narrative. Assign page numbers according to the instructions for continuation sheets in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Fill in page numbers for each section in the space below. Page Numbers E. Statement of Historic Contexts Introduction E3-E4 I. Native American Occupation and Early White Settlement, pre-1838 E5-E20 II. A Period of Transition: White Settlement in the Early Nineteenth Century E20-E23 III. The Birth, Division, and Growth of a Mountain County, 1829-1874 E24-E39 IV. The Richness of Macon's Resources Realized, 1875-1904 E40-E61 V. The Transportation Revolution in Macon County, 1905-1945 E62-E94 VI. Macon County Since WWII E95-E96 F. Associated Property Types (Provide description, significance, and registration requirements.) Property Type 1: Farm Complexes F97-F105 Property Type 2: Houses F105-F114 Property Type 3: Resort/Vacation Houses F114-F119 Property Type 4: Institutional Buildings F119-F123 Property Type 5: Commercial Buildings F124-F127 Property Type 6: Industrial Buildings and Structures F127-F128 Property Type 7: Transportation-Related Structures F129-F131 Property Type 8: Native American Structures and Sites F131-F132 G. Geographical Data G133 H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods H134-H135 (Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing.) I. Major Bibliographical References 1136-1139 (List major written works and primary location of additional documentation: State Historic Preservation Office, other State agency, Federal agency, local government, university, or other, specifying repository.) Primary Location of Additional Data _X_ State Historic Preservation Office _ Other State agency __ Federal agency _ Local government _ University _ Other Name of repository: _______________________ Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 120 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-0018), Washington, DC 20503. NPSForm 10-900-a ' OMB Aporoval No. 1024-OOJ8 (8-36) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, NC Section number Tnfrn Page _J INTRODUCTION Mountains lush with hemlocks and hardwoods surround the fertile valleys of Macon County, North Carolina. The tallest peaks stand over five thousand feet creating an impressive horizon from the river basins near the county's center. This diversity in landscape and topography resonates so clearly that it creates a similar divergence among the county's people and their ways of life. While there remain families who continue to use outhouses and live in isolated hollows, others count their home in Macon County only one of among the many vacation dwellings they own. Old men in overalls gather on Main Street in Franklin to talk about politics or the weather as tourists pass by on their way to downtown boutiques. The result is a place of immeasurable beauty where age-old traditions persist amid rapid growth and change which shows no signs of slowing. At the same time that population growth improves the lives and livelihoods of many, this expansion challenges the preservation of a rural or small town way of life. The annual explosion of the seasonal population and the strain it creates for local water and sewage systems currently threatens the scenic Cullasaja River, a river which for decades congregations have used for their baptisms. While environmental groups like Save the Cullasaja fight to preserve the river, other changes threaten the landscape as well as traditional ways. U.S. 441/23, the major road leading to the county from Georgia recently underwent widening. This latest project comes at the end of a long line of expansions of the "Georgia Road" as it is known. Once a narrow route curving through the rolling hills from Franklin south to the Georgia state line, it has now become a major highway along which tremendous growth will undoubtedly occur over the next decade. Development has precipitated an even more conspicuous alteration of the architectural landscape. Companies seeking to attract vacationers have purchased large farmsteads only to subdivide the land and construct seasonal homes. Several developers have created golf courses which blanket what was once farmland. In an extreme case, a local power company in order to harness electrical energy dammed a lake in western Macon County in the 1940s which flooded an old community. While such actions seem sufficient to doom Macon County's historic architecture, actions have been taken to safeguard important buildings and structures. Several owners of historic houses in Franklin converted their dwellings to hotels, while the county's historical society has for its headquarters an early twentieth-century National Register commercial building. A preservation ethic exists among county residents and programs such as Pickin1 on the Square, a bluegrass show held in Franklin from the spring to fall, encourage the awareness of local culture. Smaller more personal activities such as the annual making of cane syrup by descendants of Jesse Rickman NPS Form 10-900-a OMB Approval No. 7024-00 18 (8-J36) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Historic and Architectural Resources of Macon County, NC Section number Intro Page _? on the farm he established in 1855 work to retain everyday regional practices within families. Former Civilian Conservation Corps members tell stories about their work building roads in the county; women in one community gather weekly to weave in a studio which traces its roots to the Great Depression; and a local newspaper writer chronicles events from the county's past in her weekly column. Although such activities may seem modest they are reflective of a larger attitude county residents have toward their pasts. Macon County's people continue to strive to maintain their heritage by restoring or maintaining old homeplaces and by simply talking about the past to those interested. Such endeavors from people in this developing
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