Franz Josef Land Archipelago
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MEDDELELSER NR. 120 IAN GJERTZ & BERIT MØRKVED Environmental Studies from Franz Josef Land, with Emphasis on Tikhaia Bay, Hooker Island '-,.J��!c �"'oo..--------' MikhalSkakuj NORSK POLARINSTITUTT OSLO 1992 ISBN 82-7666-043-6 lan Gjertz and Berit Mørkved Printed J uly 1992 Norsk Polarinstitutt Cover picture: Postboks 158 Iceberg of Franz Josef Land N-1330 Oslo Lufthavn (Ian Gjertz) Norway INTRODUCTION The Russian high Arctic archipelago Franz Josef Land has long been closed to foreign scientists. The political changes which occurred in the former Soviet Union in the last part of the 1980s resulted in the opening of this area to foreigners. Director Gennady Matishov of Murmansk Marine Biological Institute deserves much of the credit for this. In 1990 an international cooperation was established between the Murmansk Marine Biological Institute (MMBI); the Arctic Ecology Group of the Institute of Oceanology, Gdansk; and the Norwegian Polar Research Institute, Oslo. The purpose of this cooperation is to develope scientific cooperation in the Arctic thorugh joint expeditions, the establishment of a high Arctic scientific station, and the exchange of scientific information. So far the results of this cooperation are two scientific cruises with the RV "Pomor", a vessel belonging to the MMBI. The cruises have been named Sov Nor-Poll and Sov-Nor-Po12. A third cruise is planned for August-September 1992. In addition the MMBI has undertaken to establish a scientific station at Tikhaia Bay on Hooker Island. This is the site of a former Soviet meteorological base from 1929-1958, and some of the buildings are now being restored by MMBI. -
Studying Changes of Ice Coasts in the European Arctic
Geo-Mar Lett (2005) 25: 153–166 DOI 10.1007/s00367-004-0197-7 ORIGINAL Aleksey I. Sharov Studying changes of ice coasts in the European Arctic Received: 22 September 2003 / Accepted: 2 August 2004 / Published online: 18 December 2004 Ó Springer-Verlag 2004 Abstract The present extent of European ice coasts, their recently been receiving closer scientific attention since spatial changes in the past 50 years and the velocities of their dynamic environment and interesting natural scen- ice flow in marginal parts of tidewater glaciers were ery is proving highly sensitive to climatic changes determined and mapped at a regional scale using space- (Koryakin 1988; Hanson and Hooke 2000). Seaward ice borne image data, both optical and radar. The methods cliffs rising 2–50 m and sometimes even 100 m above sea of satellite photogrammetry and radar interferometry level stand at the forefront of glaciomarine interactions provided efficient solutions to the integral estimation of and represent a unique object for comprehensive envi- ice-coast dynamics in the Franz Josef Land, Novaya ronmental research at the ‘‘cutting edge’’ of several sci- Zemlya and Svalbard archipelagos. Studies revealed entific disciplines such as oceanography, glaciology and significant degradation of the ice coasts (À7.7% by coastal geomorphology. Paleogeographers consider the length) compared to the situation represented in the present glaciomarine settings along ice cliffs as being available maps. The results obtained in the laboratory analogous to those in the Ice Age and find them useful for were verified during several field campaigns. retrospective reconstructions (Korsun and Hald 1998). Glacier ice is destroyed relatively fast, even in cold water, and ice shores are thus among the most varied elements of the arctic coastline. -
The Jackson-Harmsworth North Polar Expedition
The Jackson-Harmsworth North Polar Expedition: An Account of Its First Winter and of Some Discoveries in Franz Josef Land Author(s): Arthur Montefiore Source: The Geographical Journal, Vol. 6, No. 6 (Dec., 1895), pp. 499-519 Published by: geographicalj Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774008 Accessed: 26-06-2016 20:45 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers), Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Geographical Journal This content downloaded from 129.219.247.33 on Sun, 26 Jun 2016 20:45:14 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE JACESON--HARMSWORTH NORTH POL AR EXPEDITION. 499 session, after their adventurous journey in Tibet. We also anticipate the reception of several important papers of a more specially scientific character and the afternoon meetings in the Society's map-room, which were commenced in the last session, will bei continued. As President of the International Geographical Congress, it has becotne my duty, in compliance with the terms of a resolution, to re- present the importance of Antarctic exploration to the First Lord of the Admiralty. -
Harvard Alumni Association Worldwide Travel Programs
HARVARD ALUMNI ASSOCIATION WORLDWIDE TRAVEL PROGRAMS 2015 39836_stamp_art.indd 1 9/22/11 1:54 AM ° Expert Harvard faculty and study leaders ° More than 80 destinations on all seven continents ° Choice of land & rail, cruises, rivers & lakes, and spring break & family adventures ° Travel with fellow Harvard alumni ° Local culture, history, and cuisine at each stop ° Friendships that outlast your trip “ELBE RIVER” 2014 WITH PROFESSOR WERNER SOLLORS BOOK YOUR NEXT JOURNEY WITH THE HAA TODAY! CALL 800-422-1636 OR VISIT US AT ALUMNI.HARVARD.EDU/CATALOG Trip information is current as of August 22, 2014 COVER PHOTOGRAPHY: CHRISTOPHER MICHEL MBA ’98, PRAYER FLAGS IN BHUTAN (SEE PAGE 17 FOR TRIP DETAILS) 39836_stamp_art.indd 2 9/22/11 1:55 AM 2015 TRIPS LAND & RAIL RIVERS & LAKES CENTRAL AMERICA: CROSSING COSTA RICA, A BALKAN MOSAIC 24 GARDEN ISLES & GRAND ESTATES FROM WATERWAYS OF RUSSIA: MOSCOW TO NICARAGUA & EL SALVADOR 3 OCTOBER 1–14, 2015 HONFLEUR TO PORTSMOUTH ON SEA CLOUD II 17 ST. PETERSBURG ON VOLGA DREAM II 19 FEBRUARY 2–13, 2015 LEGENDARY TURKEY 25 JUNE 6–14, 2015 JUNE 11–21, 2015 ART, ARCHAEOLOGICAL & ARCHITECTURAL OCTOBER 3–17, 2015 WILD GALÁPAGOS ON ISABELA II 18 THE GREAT JOURNEY THROUGH EUROPE: THE TREASURES OF MEXICO CITY 4 MYSTICAL INDIA 25 JUNE 8–16, 2015 NETHERLANDS, GERMANY, FRANCE & SWITZERLAND 19 FEBRUARY 18–23, 2015 OCTOBER 8–25, 2015 MACHU PICCHU TO THE GALÁPAGOS ON CORAL II 18 JUNE 26–JULY 6, 2015 A HISTORY OF EUROPEAN FASHION EXPLORING AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND 27 JUNE 9–23, 2015 THE ENCHANTING DOURO RIVER ON AMAVIDA 24 IN LONDON & PARIS 4 OCTOBER 17–NOVEMBER 7, 2015 THE BALTIC’S AMBER COAST: COPENHAGEN SEPTEMBER 26–OCTOBER 6, 2015 MARCH 13–21, 2015 EASTERN & ORIENTAL EXPRESS: BANGKOK TO ST. -
EXPEDITIONS Summary Calendar Month by Month
EXPEDITIONS Summary calendar month by month WINTER 2018/2019 SEPTEMBER DECEMBER MARCH 2018 DAYS SHIP VOYAGE EMBARK/DISEMBARK 2018 DAYS SHIP VOYAGE EMBARK/DISEMBARK 2019 DAYS SHIP VOYAGE EMBARK/DISEMBARK AFRICA & THE INDIAN OCEAN GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS 28th 14 9822 Colombo > Mahé 01st 7 8848 North Central Itinerary 02nd 7 8909 Western Itinerary 08th 7 8849 Western Itinerary 09th 7 8910 North Central Itinerary 16th 7 Western Itinerary OCTOBER 15th 7 8850 North Central Itinerary 8911 23rd 7 8912 North Central Itinerary 2018 DAYS SHIP VOYAGE EMBARK/DISEMBARK 22nd 7 8851 Western Itinerary 30th 7 8913 Western Itinerary GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS 29th 7 8852 North Central Itinerary ASIA 06th 7 8840 North Central Itinerary ANTARCTICA 05th 15 9905 Yangon > Benoa (Bali) 13th 7 Western Itinerary 8841 02nd 10 1827 Ushuaia Roundtrip 20th 16 9906 Benoa (Bali) > Darwin 20th 7 8842 North Central Itinerary 07th 10 7824 Ushuaia Roundtrip 27th 7 8843 Western Itinerary ANTARCTICA 12th 10 1828 Ushuaia Roundtrip 07th 21 1907 Ushuaia > Cape Town AFRICA & THE INDIAN OCEAN 17th 18 7825 Ushuaia Roundtrip CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA 12th 11 9823 Mahé Roundtrip 22nd 15 1829 Ushuaia Roundtrip 07th 9 7905 Valparaíso > Easter Island CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA AFRICA & THE INDIAN OCEAN SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS 03th 12 1822 Nassau > Colon 13th 6 9828A Durban > Maputo 16th 14 7906 Easter Island > Papeete (Tahiti) 15th 11 1823 Colon > Callao (Lima) 30th 13 Papeete (Tahiti) > Lautoka 19th 17 9829 Maputo > Mahé 7907 26th 16 1824 Callao (Lima) > Punta Arenas AFRICA & THE INDIAN -
Arctic Explorer - Franz Josef Land, Spitsbergen & East Greenland Expedition
ARCTIC EXPLORER - FRANZ JOSEF LAND, SPITSBERGEN & EAST GREENLAND EXPEDITION Get away from it all on our 19-day Arctic Explorer cruise from Norway to Iceland via the remote Russian archipelago of Franz Josef Land in the Russian High Arctic where pioneers and scientists stepped ashore. This remarkable journey takes you past Spitsbergen’s towering glaciers calving spectacular icebergs across the Greenland Sea to Iceland, the land of fire and ice. Watch polar bears carrying their cubs and fluking whales in the icy waters. Join us on our voyage of discovery as we sail from ice-bound islands to hot springs, spouting geysers and gushing waterfalls. ITINERARY DAY 1, TROMSO Known as the Arctic gateway, Tromso is a remote Norwegian city at 69° north, 250 miles above the Arctic Circle, where you can take in the soft glow of the midnight sun. Make time to attend a midnight concert at Tromso’s distinctive Arctic Cathedral or learn more about early polar explorations at the Polar Museum. Famed for the Northern Lights on winter nights, you can find out more about this natural spectacle at the Science Centre. DAY 2 - DAY 3, AT SEA As you cruise to your next port of call, spend the day at sea savouring the ship’s facilities and learning about your destination’s many facets from the knowledgeable onboard experts. Listen to an enriching talk, indulge in a relaxing treatment at the spa, work out in the well-equipped gym, enjoy some down- time in your cabin, share travel reminiscences with newly found friends: the options are numerous. -
Proceedings of a Workshop on The
97 Select References Anonymous. [1901.] “Biographical Sketches of the Members and Crew of the Baldwin- Ziegler Polar Expedition. S.S. America.” E.B. Baldwin Papers. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division: Box 8, Folder “Biographies—Baldwin-Ziegler Expedition.” (Hereafter cited as “Baldwin Papers: Box, etc.”) Baldwin, Evelyn Briggs. 2004. The Franz Josef Land Archipelago: E.B. Journal of the Wellman Polar Expedition, 1898-1899. P.J. Capelotti, editor. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. __________. 1903. “The Baldwin-Ziegler Polar Expedition, Parts I, II, and III.” Wide World Magazine 10 (58):396-402; 10 (59): 432-436; 10 (60): 587-593. __________. 1901. “Meterological Observations of the Second Wellman Expedition,” Report of the Chief of the Weather Bureau, 1899-1900, Part VII. Washington: Government Printing Office. __________. n.d. [1901]. “Short Autobiographical Sketch—Evelyn Briggs Baldwin, for William Ziegler, Esq.” Seven pp. Baldwin Papers. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. __________. n.d. [1899a]. “Report on Auroras.” Thirty-six pp. Baldwin Papers. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. __________. n.d. [1899b]. “Discovery of Graham Bell Land.” Fifty-six pp. Baldwin Papers. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. __________. 1899. Journal of the Wellman Polar Expedition. (unpublished typescript). Badwin Papers. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. __________. 1896. The Search for the North Pole. Chicago: Privately printed. __________. Papers. Manuscript Division. Library of Congress. Washington. Barnard, Leon F. Papers. Scott Polar Research Institute, MS 1514. Barr, Susan, editor. 1995. Franz Josef Land. Oslo: Norsk Polarinstitutt. Barr, Susan. 1995. “The History of Western Activity in Franz Josef Land,” in Franz Josef Land, Susan Barr, ed. -
The Norwegian North Polar Expedition, 1893-1896
IV. AN ACCOUNT OF THE BIRDS BY ROBERT COLLETT AND FRIDTJOF NANSEN. L-n the first three sections of this paper, the observations imparted are put together from Nansen's journals, supplemented by his verbal com- ments and explanations during the preparation of the work. The last section gives the observations made during the time that the ship was drifting with the ice in the summers of 1895 and 1896, and is compiled from written and verbal information received from Scott-Hansen, Blessing and Mogstad, and also from the journals kept by Sverdrup. first section treats the The (I) of the journey along north coast of Siberia, from Yugor Strait, July 29th, 1893, until the closing in of the ship to the north-west of the New Siberian Islands on September 25th, 1893 (78 5<y N. Lat, 132 20' E. Long.). The birds observed during this time were principally on their way south- wards. After the closing in of the ship, no birds were seen until the fol- lowing year. The second section (II) gives the observations made at the time that the 'Fram* was drifting with the ice towards the NW., during the first summer, 1894, up to the time when Nansen and Johansen started on their sledge-journey, March 14th, 1895. This last point lies in about 84 N. Lat., < 1010 55 E. Lon g. The first bird seen in the spring of 1894 (a gull, probably Pagophila eburnea), appeared on May 13th; birds were seen now and again until after the middle of August. After August 23rd, or the day when all the channels and lanes about the ship began to freeze up, no birds were seen. -
Franz Josef Land Russian High Arctic
FRANZ JOSEF LAND RUSSIAN HIGH ARCTIC This extraordinary expedition to Franz Josef Land is as unique and authentic as the place itself. Starting in Longyearbyen in the Norwegian territory of Svalbard, we cross the icy, wildlife-rich Barents Sea to the Russian High Arctic. In Franz Josef Land we discover unparalleled landscapes, wildlife, and history in one of the wildest and most remote corners of the Arctic. DATE: 20 Jul - 02 Aug 2019 DURATION: 14 DAYS EMBARKATION: Longyearbyen DISEMBARKATION: Longyearbyen SHIP: M/V Sea Spirit FROM: $13,595 (Double) Day 1: Embarkation in Longyearbyen In the afternoon we welcome you aboard the expedition ship M/V Sea Spirit; transfers from the hotel are included. Explore the ship and get comfortable in your home-away-from-home for the extraordinary adventure to come. The long days of summer sunlight illuminate our surroundings as we slip our moorings and sail into a true wilderness where wildlife abounds. The scenery as we sail through Isfjorden on our first evening is spectacular and there is already the possibility of marine mammal encounters. Days 2-3: Across the Barents Sea Between obligatory initial and final calls at the From Isfjorden we proceed straight to Franz Russian polar station Nagurskoye in Cambridge Josef Land across the Barents Sea. Bay we are free to explore the many waterways and islands of this unique Arctic wilderness. The archipelago, part of the Russian Arctic National Park since 2012, is a nature sanctuary. Polar bears and other quintessential High Arctic wildlife—such as walruses and some rare whale species—can be spotted anytime, anywhere in and around Franz Josef Land. -
Bro Franzjosefland 12.Cwk (WP)
ITINERARY IN BRIEF DAY 1 NEW YORK to REYKJAVIK & OSLO, NORWAY Tues Aug 7 Passengers depart from JFK on IcelandAir #614 for Reykjavik. DAY 2 REYKJAVIK TO OSLO, NORWAY Wed Aug 8 6:15 am Arrive in Reykjavik. 7:50 Depart on connecting IcelandAir flight #318 to Oslo. 12:20 pm Arrive in Oslo. Transfer by shuttle to our hotel at the Oslo airport. We recommend a visit to the Fram Museum for an introduction to Fridjhof Nansen’s exploration of the Arctic this afternoon. Fridjhof drifted for three years on board Fram in the Arctic ice, and then took a dogsled across the ice to Franz Josef Land where he overwintered. DAY 3 OSLO to KIRKENES Thur Aug 9 Transfer by hotel shuttle to the Oslo Airport. 8:55 am Depart on our SAS flight #4472 to Kirkenes. 11:00 Arrive Kirkenes. At leisure until 4 pm. Transfer on own to the ship, M/V Ortelius. 4:00 pm Embark the ship. Welcome on board ship and begin the voyage with introductions and dinner. DAY 4 AT ANCHOR NEAR MURMANSK Fri Aug 10 We will arrive in Murmansk in the early morning, and be at anchor for a time while we clear customs and immigration. Enjoy lectures on Arctic ecosystems, bird identification, or other topics. All meals daily on board ship. DAYS 5/6 AT SEA TO FRANZ JOSEF LAND Sat/Sun Aug 11/12 Enjoy sailing through the high north toward the 80th parallal and Franz Josef Land. Look for whales and seals en route, and a variety of sea birds. -
Norwegian Arctic Expansionism, Victoria Island (Russia) and the Bratvaag Expedition IAN GJERTZ1 and BERIT MØRKVED2
ARCTIC VOL. 51, NO. 4 (DECEMBER 1998) P. 330– 335 Norwegian Arctic Expansionism, Victoria Island (Russia) and the Bratvaag Expedition IAN GJERTZ1 and BERIT MØRKVED2 (Received 6 October 1997; accepted in revised form 22 March 1998) ABSTRACT. Victoria Island (Ostrov Viktoriya in Russian) is the westernmost island of the Russian Arctic. The legal status of this island and neighbouring Franz Josef Land was unclear in 1929 and 1930. At that time Norwegian interests attempted, through a secret campaign, to annex Victoria Island and gain a foothold on parts of Franz Josef Land. We describe the events leading up to the Norwegian annexation, which was later abandoned for political reasons. Key words: Franz Josef Land, Victoria Island, Norwegian claim, acquisition of sovereignty RÉSUMÉ. L’île Victoria (en russe Ostrov Viktoriya) est l’île la plus occidentale de l’Arctique russe. En 1929 et 1930, le statut légal de cette île et de l’archipel François-Joseph voisin n’était pas bien défini. À cette époque, les intérêts norvégiens tentaient, par le biais d’une campagne secrète, d’annexer l’île Victoria et d’établir une emprise sur des zones de l’archipel François- Joseph. On décrit les événements menant à l’annexion norvégienne, annexion qui fut délaissée par la suite pour des raisons politiques. Mots clés: archipel François-Joseph, île Victoria, revendication norvégienne, acquisition de la souveraineté Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nésida Loyer. INTRODUCTION One of the bases for claiming these polar areas was that Norwegians either had discovered them or had vital eco- Norway has a long tradition in Arctic exploration, fishing, nomic interests in them as the most important commercial sealing, and hunting. -
2017 PCTR Draft Report
PC 172 PCTR 17 E rev.1 fin Original: English NATO Parliamentary Assembly POLITICAL COMMITTEE NATO AND SECURITY IN THE ARCTIC REPORT Gerald E. CONNOLLY (United States) Rapporteur Sub-Committee on Transatlantic Relations www.nato-pa.int 7 October 2017 172 PCTR 17 E rev.1 fin TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 II. THE ARCTIC AND EURO-ATLANTIC SECURITY ............................................................... 1 III. THE SECURITY IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ARCTIC – AN UPDATE .......... 3 IV. THE ARCTIC AND NATO-RUSSIA RELATIONS ................................................................. 5 V. THE INCREASING ENGAGEMENT OF CHINA IN THE ARCTIC ........................................ 8 VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................... 9 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................. 11 172 PCTR 17 E rev.1 fin I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Arctic region, or High North, ranked top of the security agenda during the Cold War due to its strategic importance. Its significance was largely reduced with the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the end of the confrontation between NATO and the Warsaw Bloc countries. However, due to both the warming climate in the Arctic and the re-emergence of geopolitical competition in the region, the Arctic is once again of profound importance to NATO security. According