3964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 SENATE—Tuesday, March 20, 2001

The Senate met at 9:30 a.m. and was RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY that we allow colleagues to amend called to order by the Honorable MIKE LEADER their own amendments. I think that is DEWINE, a Senator from the State of The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- when the confusion began yesterday in Ohio. pore. The majority leader is recog- a very disappointing beginning. nized. But Senators on both sides worked PRAYER f last night and worked this morning, The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John and I understand an agreement has Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: SCHEDULE been reached as to the amendment that Spirit of the living God, fall afresh on Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, today the will be offered in a few minutes. After this Senate Chamber. Enter the mind Senate will immediately resume con- that is offered, we will come back and and heart of each Senator and reign as sideration of the campaign finance re- have another amendment on this side Sovereign over all that is said and done form legislation. An amendment re- of the aisle and Senator MCCONNELL this day. We praise You for the dedica- garding self-financed campaigns is ex- and others will have an opportunity. tion of the Senators and for their ear- pected to be offered, with up to 3 hours I yield to the Senator from Arizona. nestness to deal with the crucial issues of debate in order. It is also expected Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I tell the before our Nation. May these days of that some debate time will be yielded majority leader that we have an genuine exchange of concerns and con- back and that a vote will occur some- amendment. I don’t believe it will take victions move the Senate forward to an time around noon today—certainly be- all 3 hours because it was debated last agreeable solution for the future of fore the weekly party luncheons. We night. We have an agreement which is campaigning for office in America. will be in recess from approximately being written up now. So I believe that Lord, we are here to serve You and 12:30 until 2:15 p.m. for the weekly con- we could, within a fairly brief period of Your best for our Nation. Thank You ferences to meet. Amendments are ex- time, have a vote on it and move on to for all the people who contribute to the pected to be offered throughout the day another amendment from the Repub- Senate with such loyal and excellent and therefore votes on amendments are lican side, thereby sort of catching up service. Today we praise you for the expected to occur approximately every from yesterday. life of John Roberson who worked in 3 hours. I mention also that we were supposed I am concerned about the very inaus- the Disbursing Office for 20 years. Now to start at noon yesterday, but we picious beginning that the Senate had as his family and friends grieve his didn’t start until 1. I don’t know whose on this legislation yesterday. I had de- death, we ask You especially to care decision that was. That is not impor- scribed it as a jump ball, where every- for his son Dave who has followed in tant. We can catch up this morning. We body would have a free and fair oppor- his father’s footsteps with his own 20- met this morning and we are getting tunity to offer amendments and have year period of loyal service. the final details, which we needed to debate but there would be votes on Today, we renew our commitment to do. This is a very complex, extremely those amendments after 3 hours. I ex- do all we can to serve the best we can complex issue. pected we would have a vote sometime and express Your care for whomever we The challenges of a millionaire de- can. Amen. between 5:30 and 6:30, as we did yester- day, and there would be debate on the claring his or her candidacy in Wyo- f next amendment last night and we ming are significantly different from doing that in the State of California. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE would be ready for a vote now. That is not the case because of the spectacle We tried to accommodate it and, frank- The Honorable MIKE DEWINE led the that occurred at the end of the vote ly, we have. Those issues were still un- Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: yesterday. resolved last night when the vote was I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the I thought it did not go well, and I attempted, and all of us were confident United States of America, and to the Repub- thought the Senate looked very close that we could work out the differences, lic for which it stands, one nation under God, bring up an agreement, which will be indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. to being silly on our first amendment on this very important issue. I was brought up in the name of Senator f stunned, quite frankly; on an amend- DOMENICI and Senator DEWINE and Sen- ment as broadly supported as I know ator DURBIN, and we can have a rel- APPOINTMENT OF ACTING atively brief period of debate and vote PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE the amendment is, to give candidates that are running against superwealthy on it and then move to another amend- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The candidates some way to be able to com- ment by Senator MCCONNELL, or who- clerk will please read a communication pete, I can’t help but believe that when ever he designates. to the Senate from the President pro we get a direct vote on that issue, it Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, let me say tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. will pass overwhelmingly. My assump- to Senator MCCAIN—and then I will The legislative clerk read the fol- tion was that it got tangled up just be- yield to Senator REID—I appreciate the lowing letter: cause it was the first vote and there fact that something has been worked U.S. SENATE, was a desire to show that one side or out which appears to be fair to all PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, the other was going to win. I was very sides. And since we already debated it Washington, DC, March 20, 2001. disappointed in that. for a time yesterday, it won’t be nec- To the Senate: I am also concerned, with the agree- essary to rehash all of that. Maybe we Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, can make up for some of the lost time. of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby ment that was reached, in all fairness, appoint the Honorable MIKE DEWINE, a Sen- on both sides, that we would have The clear understanding, when the ator from the State of Ohio, to perform the amendments and regular votes every 3 Senator from Arizona and I discussed duties of the Chair. hours, we had already slipped 3 hours this issue, was that we would try to STROM THURMOND, on that. And also I hope, once again, keep it on a steady schedule and get President pro tempore. that objections to Senators amending amendments offered and voted on every Mr. DEWINE thereupon assumed the their own amendments will not be 3 hours, or less if possible. chair as Acting President pro tempore. heard. The tradition around here is I yield to Senator REID.

● This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3965 Mr. REID. Mr. President, we are The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ticularly in the language of this hopeful that the first vote is not indic- objection, it is so ordered. The Senator amendment, we will acknowledge what ative of what the future is going to from Nevada. we consider to be some of the questions hold. I hope that will be the downside Mr. REID. Mr. President, it is my un- that will be raised and try to address it of the work on this important piece of derstanding that the amendment Sen- later in debate. We have been in con- legislation. I think yesterday was well ator DOMENICI is going to offer is not versation with Senator MCCAIN and spent. There were relatively very few yet ready, but we want to start talking Senator FEINGOLD. They are familiar quorum calls, maybe just for brief mo- about it, the procedure being at such with what we are doing. I do not pur- ments, and I think we were able to ac- time the amendment comes from legis- port to suggest they support it. They complish a lot last night and this lative drafting, Senator DURBIN will be can speak for themselves. We believe morning. I also say that during this recognized when the Chair feels that is this is a responsible way to address a next day or two, there are a number of appropriate. He will yield at that time serious problem we face in political Members who wish to give statements to Senator DOMENICI, who will offer an campaigns. about the bill itself. They can do this amendment on his behalf, and whoever If the Senator from New Mexico is during the time these amendments are else wants to be on the amendment. prepared, at this point I yield to him pending. Some of them want to take The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- with the understanding that when the the full 3 hours. I have already told ator from Kentucky. amendment arrives, the Senator from Senator MCCAIN that I am not too cer- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I New Mexico, Mr. DOMENICI, and Sen- tain that we need to alternate. We ask the Senator from Nevada if he ator DEWINE, and I will join as cospon- don’t have many amendments over agrees that we ought to begin the 3- sors with others. here. So I publicly advise those on the hour time limit. I yield to the Senator from New Mex- other side of the aisle who want to Mr. REID. I agree. ico. offer amendments, they should get Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- them ready because we are not going to ask unanimous consent, even though ator from New Mexico. have a lot to offer. the amendment has not yet been laid Mr. DOMENICI. I say to the Senator Mr. LOTT. If I may respond to the down, since we are going to be dis- from Illinois, I thank the Senator for last suggestion, that would be fine. cussing it, that the 3-hour time limit his cooperation and help. Obviously, However, we want to make sure that, if begin with this discussion. We under- the Senator came on board with the we don’t alternate, at the end we don’t stand most of that time may be yielded idea encapsulated in the Domenici have amendments show up that would back, but at least this will begin the amendment yesterday, and as we pro- be offered, one behind the other, on the time. gressed through it, it appeared that a other side. I know that is not the Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without number of Senators wanted some ator’s intention. That is one of the rea- objection, it is so ordered. The Senator changes. So we set about yesterday sons why we alternate, so that one side from Illinois. evening—and well into the evening—to or the other won’t have a block of Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I believe try to arrive at changes necessary to amendments at the end of the process. the agreement of the Senate as we ad- accommodate a wide variety of Sen- Mr. REID. I appreciate the Senator journed yesterday was that the Demo- ators and still make it effective. yielding. There are three Republican cratic side, this Senator in particular, There is no question, anytime you amendments. There would be one would be offering an amendment. I am work on something as complicated as Democratic amendment, and we would prepared very shortly to yield to the this, although we think we have done a go back to the Republican side. That is Senator from New Mexico and the Sen- good job, it may very well be in due how we should do it. ator from Ohio and to acknowledge course, as this bill evolves further, that Mr. LOTT. Mr. President, I yield the their leadership on this issue. We are there may have to be other amend- floor. addressing probably one of the most ments as people analyze and find other f complicated problems we face, a Su- problems that might be inherent in preme Court decision in Buckley v. this situation. RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME Valeo which said that a person who de- I thank in a very special way Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. cides to run for office and is personally DEWINE from the State of Ohio. From CHAFEE). Under the previous order, the wealthy cannot be limited in the the beginning, we had hoped that yes- leadership time is reserved. amount of personal wealth they spend terday we would introduce a Domenici- f in order to obtain this office. DeWine amendment. I introduced the Meanwhile, other candidates who are amendment which was debated yester- BIPARTISAN CAMPAIGN REFORM not personally wealthy face all sorts of day. Many people at least understand ACT OF 2001 limitations on how much money they what we are trying to do and what the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under can raise from individuals, how much problem is. To the extent we are trying the previous order, the Senate will now they can raise in a given period of to figure out a solution, Senator resume consideration of S. 27, which time, how much they can raise from DEWINE has been a marvelous partner the clerk will report. political action committees. and an excellent leader. The legislative clerk read as follows: The effort in which I have joined Sen- Today I will briefly explain what we A bill (S. 27) to amend the Federal Election ator DOMENICI and Senator DEWINE is a are trying to do and some of the basic Campaign Act of 1971 to provide bipartisan response to that, I hope a reasonable fundamentals, and then I will yield to campaign reform. response to that, which says we know Senator DEWINE. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the day will come when wealthy people The way we will determine the trig- the previous order, the Democratic will run for office, but we also want to ger for the nonwealthy candidate—that leader, or his designee, is recognized to say if you are not wealthy, you should is, the candidate confronted with an offer an amendment. have a chance to compete and to de- opponent who will spend a lot of their Mr. REID. I suggest the absence of a liver your message to the voters and to own money—will vary in States de- quorum. appeal to them for support. pending on the voting age population. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The We have come up with a proposal That is Senator DEWINE’s idea. In es- clerk will call the roll. which Senator DOMENICI and Senator sence, it says to a Senator in a State The legislative clerk proceeded to DEWINE will describe in detail. We were such as Idaho, if somebody decides to call the roll. having conversations on the floor, up run and spends their own money in Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- to the beginning of this speech, about large quantities, that Senator is going imous consent that the order for the aspects of this matter which we hope to be able to raise money somewhat quorum call be rescinded. to address. If we cannot address it par- easier than he or she would have if

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3966 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 they were bound by the 26-year-old law issue of a person who asserts their con- didates to have the opportunity to take which has $1,000 individual contribu- stitutional rights—which the Court their ideas into the marketplace, to tion limits per election and $5,000 in said is constitutional—to spend their broadcast them, to be able to pay for money that can come from PACs. own money, but they do it in inordi- the commercials, and to have their ex- Essentially, once you hit the formula nate amounts as compared to what a change of ideas in that political mar- amount, this is what will happen. When candidate on the other side could be ex- ketplace that our Founding Fathers you reach the first level, the individual pected to raise under current restric- deemed so very important. limits are raised to $3,000 under current tive laws, which are 26 years old and The reality is, though, personal law. That means you can raise $3,000 in ought to be fixed. wealth has changed the whole dynamic the primary and $3,000 in the general. I yield the floor. of today’s Federal elections. It has When you hit the next level, which The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. FITZ- changed it in a way that no one in 1976, Senator DEWINE will talk about, the GERALD). The Senator from Ohio. when the Supreme Court handed down contribution limits for the non- Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, this it’s decision, could have envisioned. No wealthy person are raised six times in chart we will discuss in a moment was one could have envisioned the amount the primary, $6,000 in the primary, prepared last night by my law clerk, of money individual candidates now $6,000 in the general. Susan Bruno. She has been working on pour into their own campaigns. Then something new was brought that, and we thank her for it. The fact is, as I said on the Senate into the discussion yesterday evening, I congratulate and thank my col- floor last night, there currently exists principally based upon Senator FEIN- league from New Mexico, Senator a loophole, but a constitutionally pro- STEIN’s discussion, after having faced DOMENICI, and my colleague from Illi- tected loophole, for candidates to use what one might call a superspender. We nois, Senator DURBIN, for their work on their own personal money to finance have a superspender defined, and Sen- this amendment. The amendment we their own campaigns. This loophole, of ator DEWINE will define what that is have now is the result of weeks of dis- course, resulted from the 1976 Supreme when he speaks. cussions and negotiations among Sen- Court case, Buckley v. Valeo. In that We eliminate the party coordinated ator DOMENICI, Senator DURBIN, and case, the Supreme Court reviewed the expenditure limits, all hard dollars— myself. That culminated last night in constitutionality of the Federal Elec- until the poor candidate raises up to an further discussions involving more tion Campaign Act of 1974. In the Buck- amount equal to the self-financing of Senators, both Republican and Demo- ley case, the United States Supreme the superspender. I assume during that crat. Court struck down limitations on the period of time they can continue to I thank the members of our staff who following: One, campaign expenditures; raise the $6,000 from individuals. worked long into the night after we two, independent expenditures by indi- The way it is done, it requires a bit had set the basic parameters ourselves viduals and groups; and, three, expendi- of bookkeeping, but everybody keeps a for what this discussion would be. tures by candidates from their personal lot of books now. Everybody has The amendment we have in front of funds. The Buckley decision has effectively records galore. Obviously, there are us is bipartisan, and it is the work created a substantial disadvantage for floating triggers that will come about product of a great number of people. opposing candidates who must raise all based upon when the wealthy can- But let me particularly thank Senator campaign funds under the current didate, or superspender, starts putting DOMENICI for taking the lead and for fundraising limitations. Current fund their money into the campaign. being one who had this idea, frankly, limitations, of course, are $1,000 per There is one other provision that has over a decade ago, and who has been donor. So you have the situation where been in both vehicles for Senators who talking about this idea year after year. the candidate who cannot self-finance spend their own money and get elected, We are now to the point where we have has to raise money in a maximum of a requirement that they cannot change the ability to see this amendment en- $1,000 increments but has to then go up their mind about how to finance that acted into law. against another candidate who can put Let me, again, thank Senator DOMEN- campaign and start raising money to in maybe an unlimited amount of ICI, Senator DURBIN, Senator COLLINS, pay back their debt after they are money—millions and millions of dol- elected. We passed that around yester- Senator MCCAIN, Senator FEINGOLD, lars. day, and everyone seems to understand and others for their input, their sug- The fact is, because of the Constitu- it. If you incur debt from a personal gestions, and their work during these tion, because of the Supreme Court’s loan and then you get elected as Sen- negotiations. decision, and because of the statutes ator, and then you go around and say, I believe the amendment, with their we have written, we now have what, for now I am the Senator, I want you to help, is a consensus approach that will the general public, would appear at get me money so I can pay back what help make our election process more least to be a rather ludicrous situation. I used of my own money to run for fair and more equitable. That situation is that everyone in the election. It is clear in this amendment It is unfortunate that we need such country is limited to $1,000 they can that you cannot do that in the future. an amendment at all. But the sad re- put into a candidate’s campaign—ev- All that is future, prospective. ality is in campaigns today we are erybody in the country except one per- Senator DEWINE will now explain the moving down a road where personal son. That one person who has the abil- triggering mechanisms and how this wealth is becoming the chief qualifica- ity to put money in, in an unlimited will apply to each State. We will have tion for candidates seeking office. The fashion, in an unlimited amount, is, of a chart so every Senator can see how it reality is in the last several election course, the candidate. applies. I thank Senator DEWINE, who cycles, both parties have looked around That, I think, to most people would has been a real help. To the other Sen- the country to try to find wealthy can- seem to be an absurd situation. But ators on the floor, particularly Senator didates who can self-finance their own this is a constitutional issue. This is, if MCCAIN, thank you for your help. Sen- campaigns. This is no reflection on it is a loophole, certainly a constitu- ator MCCAIN clearly said if we did not those candidates. But it is the reality tionally protected loophole—unlimited win the other one, we would put this of life today. personal expenditures from rich can- together and it would be bipartisan, This amendment attempts to bring didates but limited personal contribu- and he joined. about equity and fairness and also, tions for everyone else. That is the re- There are a few things in this amend- quite candidly, to increase the oppor- ality today. ment we both know have to be ironed tunity for all candidates to get their This reality has resulted in enhanced out in the future, but I think it is an ideas to the public. personal wealth in campaigns to such excellent amendment. This amendment is truly about the an extent that I think no one even 10 For the first time in history, we first amendment—it is about free years ago could have imagined its im- think we are legally addressing the speech—and it is about allowing can- portance.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3967 The whole dynamic of political cam- contributions, which currently is an attempt to limit personal expendi- paigning has fundamentally changed in $1,000, goes up three times to $3,000. tures, nor in any way to inhibit those this country because of this Court deci- The second threshold is a double the expenditures, nor in fact to punish peo- sion and because of the ability in the first threshold—and the hard money ple for making those expenditures. last few years of candidates to self-fi- cap increases to $6,000. Rather, it is an attempt to correct for nance their own campaigns. So when you get to that second the unintended effects of the Court’s It has made it more difficult for non- threshold, when the wealthy candidate decision. wealthy opponents to compete and to puts in that second amount of money Again, no one—no one—when the get their messages and their ideas or hits that level, the second one kicks Buckley case came out in the mid- across to the public. in, which means then the nonwealthy 1970s, could have envisioned what we Our amendment tries in a constitu- candidate who was not being self-fi- have seen today. This amendment is tionally acceptable way to correct this. nanced can raise six times what the based upon our additional experience— It would create greater fairness and ac- current law is. The current law, of 25 years of experience—in seeing how countability in the Federal election course, is $1,000. That would take it up this has played out. It is an attempt to process by addressing the inequity that to $6,000 you can raise from an indi- correct the inequities in the system arises when a wealthy candidate pays vidual donor. and establish fairness in the process. for his or her campaign with personal Finally, the third threshold begins at I believe the courts are likely to up- funds—personal funds that are defined, ten times the baseline; once a wealthy hold this provision because it addresses by the way, to include cash contribu- candidate exceeds the third threshold, the public perception that there is tions and any contributions arising it removes the caps for State party co- something inherently corrupt about a from personal or family assets such as ordinated expenditures of hard money. wealthy candidate who can use a sub- personal loans or property used for col- Our amendment also, as my col- stantial amount of his or her own per- lateral for a loan to the campaign. league from New Mexico has indicated, sonal resources to win an election—not The agreement we reached this morn- includes a proportionality provision, a that there is anything corrupt about ing and that was hammered out last provision that means for all cap in- that particular candidate. It is the per- night—the amendment we will be offer- creases, a less wealthy candidate can ception. It is the perception that the ing in just a moment—has very impor- use increased caps to raise only— public looks at this and, frankly, says tant implications for our democracy, only—up to 110 percent of the amount something is just wrong with this. as I will explain. contributed by the wealthy candidate. The Supreme Court has said Congress The basic intent of our amendment is This applies to all three of these has a compelling interest in addressing to preserve and to enhance the market- thresholds. this perception. This amendment is Proportionality is important because place of ideas—the very foundation of narrowly tailored, and closely related it really helps level the playing field our democracy—but giving candidates to such concerns about that perceived from both directions so the wealthy who are not independently wealthy an corruption. The reality is the courts candidate is not punished or is not in- opportunity to get their message carved out a constitutional protection hibited from putting his or her own across to the voters as well. money into the campaign, which is for wealthy candidates. Our provision Specifically, our amendment would very important. What this means, in offsets that without infringing on the raise the contribution limits for can- plain language, is that we try to in- rights of the wealthy candidates. Our didates facing wealthy opponents to crease free speech; we give that non- provision expands the rights of the op- fund their own campaigns. wealthy candidate the opportunity to posing candidate. Our amendment ex- The contribution limit increases are get his or her message out. We do not pands free speech. In fact, this sort of based, as my colleague from New Mex- punish the wealthy candidate. And we approach to campaign financing actu- ico has said, on a sliding scale depend- take care of that in this well-crafted ally bolsters first amendment rights of ing on the size of each State and the amendment by saying we will limit candidates who do not have extensive amount of the wealthy candidate’s per- how much that nonwealthy candidate personal resources. sonal expenditures. can raise above the caps, above the Finally, the proportionality provi- The amendment creates a simple limits, and we limit it to, logically, sion is key to ensuring that a wealthy three-tiered threshold test to deter- how much money has been put in by candidate is not punished by the less mine the contribution limit increases. the wealthy candidate. wealthy candidate’s ability to raise This threshold test is based on the in- So the wealthy candidate, again, is funds with lower hard money caps. dividual voting age populations of each not punished, is not inhibited, is not Candidly, our amendment does not state, in recognition that the cost of discouraged from putting in his or her completely level the playing field. I elections vary greatly between the own money. I think this makes a great think in most cases that would simply states. The actual calculation of the deal of sense. This was a provision that be impossible. We cannot do that. How- thresholds uses a baseline formula and was worked out, again, last night. ever, it is a step towards increasing multiples of that baseline. Our popu- Finally, our amendment includes a fairness and accountability in our elec- lation-based calculation allows the in- notice provision. This requires can- tion process. And it is a step, again, to dividual contribution limit increases didates to notify the Federal Election expanding the individual’s rights, those to kick in sooner in states with smaller Commission within 24 hours of crossing who do not have that independent populations, where candidates get more a threshold. Candidates also must no- wealth, giving them the opportunity to bang for the buck. A half million dol- tify the FEC within 24 hours of any ad- take their ideas out into the market- lars in a campaign in Wyoming, after ditional contributions totaling $10,000, place and to share them with the pub- all, goes a heck of a lot farther and can once they are over a threshold. lic, and giving them the resources to buy a lot more television air time and That is our amendment in a nutshell. share them. direct mail pieces than it can in Ohio The fact is, the Supreme Court has It is a reasonable approach. It is a or in California. Simple put, this for- ruled that personal expenditures can- reasonable thing to do, especially now mula recognizes that a one-size fits all not be limited. Let me say this very that we are reforming our Nation’s approach won’t work for all states. clearly: Our amendment is not trying campaign finance laws. The baseline is based on the fol- to change nor challenge that. We ac- This is a great opportunity for us. We lowing formula: $.04 the voting age cept that. It is the interpretation of are today, with this amendment, fine- population + $150,000. The first thresh- the Supreme Court, in interpreting the tuning the process, correcting some- old starts at double the baseline. first amendment to the Constitution, thing the Court could not have fore- When a wealthy candidate crosses which we must and do respect. seen 25 years ago in Buckley; and that the first threshold, the opposing can- This amendment is not an attempt to is that the unlimited personal expendi- didate’s hard money cap for individual undo what the Court decided. It is not tures can hurt an opposing candidate’s

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3968 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 ability to compete fairly. When that Again, it makes eminent sense to It often puzzles me that people who happens, when huge funding disparities have a distinction between when the are not otherwise capable of managing exist between a wealthy candidate’s thresholds kick in between the State of million-dollar companies manage mul- unlimited personal expenditures to Wyoming and the State of Ohio. It just timillion-dollar campaigns that come their own campaigns and a less makes eminent sense. and go in a matter of 12 months. That wealthy candidate’s limited individual Again, I thank my colleague from happens in this business of politics. contributions from others, it is the New Mexico, my colleague from Illi- That is the world in which we live. voters and our democracy that suffers nois, and my other colleagues who have There are ways to change it. We the most. worked long and hard on this amend- could change it pretty dramatically. In conclusion, wealthy candidates ment. We could say television time is free for have an easier time communicating I thank the Chair and yield the floor. candidates. That would really change today with voters. That is just the re- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- it in a hurry because two-thirds of the ality of our current process. They have ator from Illinois. money that most candidates spend is the money it takes readily at their dis- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I join in on television. If the television didn’t posal to get their messages out. When the statement made by the Senator cost you anything, if you had access to running up against such self-financed from New Mexico, Mr. DOMENICI, and it where you could go on and, instead machines, less wealthy opponents have my colleague, Senator DEWINE from of doing a 30-second drive-by spot, you Ohio, in cosponsoring this amendment. less chance to challenge those mes- ended up having 5 minutes to explain A lot of people listening to this debate sages, less chance to get their own your position on tax cuts or Social Se- can’t understand the world we live in ideas on the table, less chance to com- curity, the voters would have a chance here, a world where whenever you de- municate with the voters, and to give to see you. them an alternative point of view. cide to be a candidate for the Senate, Of course, there is resistance to that you face the daunting task of con- As a result, it is the voters who have idea from the people who own the tele- vincing your family that it is a good less chance to make informed choices vision stations. They make a bundle of idea and putting together a good cam- in elections. And that is just not good money off political candidates. They paign team. Then the reality hits you. for our democracy. In essence, this can’t wait for these campaigns to get Your message, whatever it is, to be de- struggle between rich and not so rich started because we literally shovel livered to voters across America, is candidates really is a struggle for the money at them in the closing weeks of going to be a very expensive under- soul of democracy. I say that because campaigns. The managers of these sta- taking. the free flow of ideas and information tions have a perpetual smile for weeks is the basis—the very foundation—of I represent the State of Illinois with some 12 million people. How do I get on end when they see all the candidates our political system. The exchange of lining up to pay for the advertising on ideas is a prerequisite for democratic their attention to tell them what I feel, what I would like to do in the Senate? their television stations. So the idea of governance. And it is ‘‘ideas,’’ as John free television is not one that has gone Maynard Keynes once said, that ‘‘shape The obvious methods are the use of radio, TV, direct mail, and telephone. very far—nor free radio. The idea of the course of history.’’ free postage is not likely going to The more robust the marketplace of All of those are very expensive. All of occur either. ideas, the better the political process. those are increasingly expensive every We live in a commercial world where For our democracy to fully function 2 years. The cost of television adver- we are trying to basically deliver our and thrive, we need many ideas—ideas tising, for example, goes up 20 percent message to the voters in a fashion that competing with each other. That is the every 2 years. So if you are running for is extremely expensive. Now we have basis for the critical thinking process, reelection after 6 years, you have to the Supreme Court, which 25 years ago the basis for debate and challenges to raise some 60 percent more in funds to jumped into this debate and said, if you societal norms. That is the basis for buy the same amount of television in how we make changes in our society, my State and other States just to de- are independently wealthy, if you are a for how we make the world a better liver your message in a campaign. multimillionaire, we can’t limit how place. When there are fewer ideas being When Members of the Senate come to much money you want to spend out of disseminated, there is a greater likeli- the floor and start talking about rais- your own pocket. An individual candidate who is not hood of political and societal stagna- ing $1,000 here or $3,000 here or $6,000, I tion. And when there is such stagna- imagine most families across America independently wealthy is limited on tion, there is no social change, and the say: What kind of world do they live in how they can raise money. Under cur- world is worse off for it. that they would be asking an indi- rent law, I can only raise a $1,000 max- Thomas Mann once said: vidual to give them $6,000 of their imum contribution from each person It is impossible for ideas to compete in the money for a political campaign? Very from my primary election campaign marketplace if no forum for their presen- few people do that in America. and my general election campaign and tation is provided or available. Thankfully, for a lot of us, we have $5,000 for each campaign from political That, unfortunately, seems to be the those who support us and will do it. action committees. It sounds like a lot case for many less wealthy candidates For the vast majority of families, they of money, until you start adding up the who face the power of the self-financed must be scratching their head at this $1,000 contributions it takes to reach $1 candidates. Our amendment is a move debate and saying: Why don’t they live million. If you have a $10 or $12 million away from that kind of inequity. It is in the real world where real people campaign in Illinois, imagine how a step toward providing candidates the don’t go around asking friends or even many people you have to appeal to, to forum for the presentation of their strangers for $6,000? raise $10 or $12 million. ideas. By taking that step, the free If you are going to mount a campaign The Supreme Court, in Buckley v. flow of ideas, the spirit, the essence, in the State of Illinois to appeal to 12 Valeo, said if you happen to have a lot the foundation of our democracy is pre- million people and some 8 or 9 million of money, then you can put all you served and emboldened. voters, you have to raise over $10 mil- want into it; you are not limited as to We have charts on the floor which we lion to get your message out. the amount of money you can invest in can share with all Members of the Sen- Let me offer another insight. It costs a political campaign. ate. We have a breakdown that shows you 50 cents to raise a dollar, so about We have come down to two categories State by State exactly where those half of the money you raise goes into of candidates in America, the M&M thresholds are and at what point they the overhead of a campaign, the admin- categories: the multimillionaires, and would kick in. istrative costs of staff people, mailing the mere mortals. The mere mortals, We would be more than happy to out invitations, following up, making frankly, stand in awe of those who can share those with any Members of the sure people are there. It is an extraor- write a check and fund their campaign. Senate who would like to take a look. dinarily expensive business. What we are trying to address with this

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3969 amendment is to level the playing field This is an imperfect amendment. It is I do believe the principles of McCain- so that if someone shows up in the an effort by us to address a serious Feingold have been preserved because course of the campaign who is inde- problem. It has in it an element that is this deals in hard money. Yes, it lifts pendently wealthy and is willing to important. It is an element of fairness, some restraints on hard money, but spend $10, $20, $30, $40, $50, $60 million an element of opportunity. It basically there is no soft money that would be of their own money—I am not making says that in America we won’t let you permitted under the Domenici-DeWine- these figures up, as they say; that has buy an election. If you are going to Durbin amendment. So it also address- happened—then at least the other can- come in and try to do that, then you es, in all candor, a concern that lit- didate has a fighting chance. That is are going to at least give the other erally every nonmillionaire Member of what this amendment is all about. I candidate a chance to compete. this body has, and that is that they have joined with Senator DOMENICI and There is one element in this amend- wake up some morning and pick up the Senator DEWINE to try to create this ment which I have discussed with the paper and find out that some multi- fighting chance. sponsors that I hope we can address ei- millionaire is going to run for their How do we do it? Currently, you can ther with a second-degree amendment, seat, and that person intends to invest only accept $1,000 per person per elec- or a later amendment during the 3, 5, 8, 10, now up to $70 million of their tion. We have said: If you run into the course of our debate, and that is the own money in order to win. so-called self-financing candidate who money on hand. If an incumbent Sen- So when I see the significant support is going to spend millions of dollars, ator has millions of dollars on hand for this amendment, I think those re- then you can accept a larger contribu- and somebody walks in and decides to flect a genuine concern, as we know tion from an individual. The calcula- put in a million dollars to oppose them, both parties have now openly stated tion and formula we use is based on the I think you should take into account that they recruit people who have siz- number of people living in the State. how much money the incumbent Sen- able fortunes of their own in order to Senator DEWINE explained it earlier. ator has on hand. This amendment run for the Senate. For example, in my home State of Illi- does not do that. I would like to sug- I don’t think this is a new phe- nois, the U.S. Census projected the vot- gest a modification to it at some point. nomenon, Mr. President. I think it has ing-age population for the year 2000 But I believe our colleagues in the been going on for years and years. But was 8,983,000 people. We have a baseline Senate will have a good opportunity as money seems to play a greater and threshold plus $150,000 which says that later this morning to cast their votes greater role in politics, and as tele- you can put $509,000 into your cam- on this amendment and to basically vision advertising continues to be more paign of your own money. That is your say that from the Senate’s side, we are and more important, then, obviously, right to do, under the law and under going to try to level this playing field the ability of someone to achieve office this amendment. and try to give a voice to all can- with what is apparently an unfair ad- If you decide to put in over $1 mil- didates. We are not going to say this is vantage over a candidate of lesser lion, if you put in $1 million, then the a system that is open to the highest wealth is being addressed, at least in candidate who doesn’t have $1 million bidder. It is going to at least allow men part, by this amendment. to put in, whether they are a chal- and women to compete with some ele- Also, I add to the sponsors of the lenger or an incumbent, can raise up to ment of fairness. amendment—and I already discussed $3,000 from those who will contribute, I thank my colleague from New Mex- OMENICI and Sen- as opposed to a limit of $1,000. Further- ico, as well as my colleague from Ohio. this with Senator D more, in Illinois, for example, if you Both of them, and our staffs, worked ator DEWINE—this isn’t a perfect an- put in $2 million of your own money, late into the night last night to pre- swer. We all realize that. We know then we allow the individual contribu- pare this amendment that will be there are some areas that have gone tion to go up to $6,000. forthcoming shortly. unaddressed, and if there needs to be I am sure most people listening to I yield the floor. further addressing, that is why we have this can’t imagine someone writing a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who another nearly 10 days of debate and check for $6,000 to a political can- yields time? amendments. So I am glad we were didate. The folks who will do that are The Senator from Arizona is recog- able to work out the differences that few and far between. The honest an- nized. existed last night. Obviously, those ne- swer to that is, unless you control the Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I thank gotiations needed to take place, and I overall cost of political campaigns, you Senator DOMENICI, Senator DEWINE, hope we can move forward on this have to face the reality: People will and others. Last night, I believe we amendment as soon as the legislative show up with a lot of money in the could have avoided the vote we had. I language comes over from the legisla- bank, spend it on the campaign, and hope in the future and during this de- tive counsel, so we can move on to an- literally blow away any type of polit- bate we will make sure we try to han- other amendment at the earliest mo- ical opponent. dle it in a more sensitive fashion. I will ment. Who loses in that process? The voters take the responsibility for that. Again, I thank Senator DOMENICI and lose. If the system works as it is sup- We probably should have tried to— Senator DEWINE and Senator DURBIN posed to, you have a choice on election because we knew there were several and others for their efforts on this leg- day. In order to have a choice, you areas that needed to be worked out, islation. have information about all candidates. which have been worked out, and we I yield the floor. That means you have an information are just awaiting the legislative coun- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- source not only from a wealthy can- sel’s language so we can move forward ator from West Virginia is recognized. didate but from someone who is not so with the amendment—we probably Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, what are wealthy. This amendment, with its should have waited until this morning the rules guiding debate at this point? own formula approach, allows people to on the amendment. But that is done. The PRESIDING OFFICER. There raise money so that they can keep up The fact is, as we committed last are 3 hours evenly divided. The amend- with self-financing candidates. night, we would reach agreement and ment has not yet been offered. If in my home State of Illinois some- work out the differences. There were Mr. BYRD. What a mess. one decides to put in $5 million or several specific areas that had not been The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under more, then we allow the Democratic or worked out last night, especially pro- the previous agreement—— Republican Party in my State, through portionality, among others. I am Mr. BYRD. Without the amendment their coordinated expenditures, to real- pleased we worked it out and we are being offered? ly reach that same level, up to 110 per- now ready to move forward as soon as The PRESIDING OFFICER. That was cent of the amount that is being given the language comes over, and we can stipulated by consent. by that candidate to his or her own vote on this amendment and move on Mr. BYRD. All right. Mr. President, campaign. to other amendments. when Cineas the Philosopher visited

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3970 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Rome in the year 280 B.C. as the envoy vote. Those in this body on both sides Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, the of Pyrrhus, the Greek general, and had who were slaves to the particular inter- distinguished Senator from Texas is witnessed the deliberations of the est group on that occasion ran like tur- here, and I yield her as much time as Roman Senate and had listened to Sen- keys to the fire escapes. I thought I she needs off our side. ators in debate, he reported that, would get half a dozen votes at least. I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ‘‘Here, indeed, was no gathering of knew the amendment would not be ator from Texas. venal politicians, no haphazard council adopted, but after hearing all the brave Mrs. HUTCHISON. I thank the Chair. of mediocre minds.’’ This was in 280 talk of some of the Senators on both Mr. President, I will be brief. B.C. sides, I thought: At least I will get his I know my colleague from New Mex- In 107 B.C., Jugurtha, that Numidian vote, I will get his vote, and I will get ico and my colleague from Ohio have prince, was in Rome. When he was or- her vote. I got one vote, my own. been working very hard on this amend- dered by the Roman Senate to leave That is what it has come to in this ment. I appreciate everything they are Italy and set out for home, after he had body. We are at the beck and call, we trying to do. I have a separate amendment that passed through the gates of Rome, it is know the feel of the whiplash when the has been incorporated into this amend- said that he looked back several times votes come, and we are owned by the ment. It has the same purpose, and I in silence and finally exclaimed, ‘‘Yon- special interest groups. hope when everything is worked out, der is a city that is up for sale, and its That does not mean that every Sen- our purpose will succeed. Our purpose days are numbered if it ever finds a ator does not have a free will. Senators is to level the playing field so that one buyer.’’ exercise that free will about which Mil- candidate who has millions, if not bil- What a change; what a change had ton spoke in ‘‘Paradise Lost’’—freedom lions, of dollars to spend on a campaign come over that Senate in less than 200 of the will. That does not mean that will not be at such a significant advan- years! I think we might also, with the conscience of every Senator here is tage over another candidate who does great sadness, reflect upon the report bought, that his vote is bought. It does not have such means as to create an by Cineas when he referred to the not mean that at all, but it means that in our day and time, it cannot be said unlevel playing field. Roman Senate after he had witnessed In fact, I think it was Senator DUR- it—as I say, not as a ‘‘gathering of of this Senate that it is not a gathering of venal politicians. In Jugurtha’s BIN who used these numbers: In the 2000 venal politicians, not a haphazard elections, candidates took out personal council of mediocre minds,’’ but in re- words: ‘‘Yonder is a city up for sale, and its days are numbered if it ever loans for their campaigns of $194 mil- ality ‘‘an assemblage of kings.’’ What a lion for Federal races. In 1998, it was Senate that was that he reported to finds a buyer.’’ Mr. President, as one who has been in $107 million. In 1996, it was $106 mil- Pyrrhus as being, in dignity and in lion. That is a lot of strength. We pride statesmanship, as a ‘‘council of kings!’’ this body now going on 43 years, I mourn the days of old when I came ourselves in our country on trying to It is in even greater sadness that we have a level playing field to keep our noted Jugurtha’s words: ‘‘Yonder is a here. We still have good Senators. They are bright, they are dedicated, but the democracy balanced. city up for sale, and its days are num- Under our Constitution, it is very yoke, the Roman yoke that they have bered if it ever finds a buyer.’’ But that clear that we cannot keep people from to go under to come here, is appalling— is what is happening in this land of spending their own money however appalling. It is sad. I compliment those ours and in this body of ours. they wish to spend it. I will not argue on both sides who are seeking to do When I came to the Senate, Jennings that point ever. That is their constitu- something about it, who are trying Randolph and I ran for two seats, and tional right. They have a constitu- we won. He ran for the short term, the hard to deal with reality here and in tional right to try to buy the office, 2-year seat that had been created by such a way that the people might still but they do not have a constitutional the death of the late M.M. Neely, and I look upon this body with some con- right to resell it. That is what my part ran for the full term. fidence and respect. Yet, I do not think of this amendment attempts to pre- At that time, I ran against Senator that they will be overly successful in vent, so a candidate can spend his or Chapman Revercomb, a fine member of the effort. her own money but there would be a Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield for the Republican Party, but Randolph limit on the amount that candidate a question? and I ran on a combined war chest of could go out and raise to pay himself $50,000: two Senators on a combined Mr. BYRD. Yes, I yield. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I say to my or herself back. war chest of $50,000. We did not have My amendment and the amendment friend, referring back to the days when television in those days, we did not of Senator DEWINE and Senator DOMEN- he was the leader, does he recall how have high-priced consultants, and our ICI is $250,000. If a big State should have many times he offered, on behalf of the hands were not manacled by the shack- more, certainly I would look at what is Democrats, a motion to invoke cloture les of money. reasonable. I want a level playing field. on campaign finance reform? Today what do we find? What does Mr. BYRD. I offered a motion to in- I want people to be able to spend their the average Senate seat cost—$6 mil- voke cloture eight times during the own money, but they need to know lion or $8 million? Both parties are 100th Congress. they are doing it because that is what enslaved to those who give. The special Mr. REID. Does the Senator recall they want to do, not because when they interests of the country are the people the motion to invoke cloture being of- win they will be able to go out and who are represented—the special inter- fered so many times to any other meas- repay themselves, so it is not a risk ests, for the most part. ure? they have to take. The great body of people out there Mr. BYRD. Up to this point, there I have put my own money in cam- are not organized, and they are not has been none. paigns in the past and I have taken the represented here. We are beholden to Mr. REID. So if I understand what hit for it. A lot of people in this body the special interests who give us—when the Senator has said, when he was ma- have. It is a risk. It is a risk I was will- we go around the country holding out a jority leader in the 100th Congress, an ing to take. It happened to be a risk I tip cup saying, ‘‘Give me, give me, give attempt to invoke cloture was tried lost. Other people have been able to do me,’’ they are the people who respond eight times unsuccessfully, and that that. Some have lost, some have won. I and they are the people for whom the holds the record for any legislative never repaid myself the full amount doors are opened. They are the people issue of which the Senator is aware. that I loaned. I think we need to have for whom the telephone lines are Mr. BYRD. That is right. the level playing field. opened when the calls come in. I thank the Senator, and I yield the We have a constitutional right to I offered an amendment on this floor floor. spend our money. No one argues that. I one day, and I thought: I will at least The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- do believe a retired police officer or re- get a half dozen votes. I got one—one ator from New Mexico. tired teacher should be able to run for

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3971 public office on a level playing field Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, I bled. Let me state why. I have great re- and get the variety of support from his clarify that our amendment takes spect for the authors. We are trying to or her constituents and have as level a place in the future. It does not jeop- accomplish something. I have been, playing field as we can have protecting ardize someone who based his or her myself, a candidate with an opponent the rights of the wealthy candidate to actions on the law as it is today, but who announced they would spend sig- spend that money, but limiting what for the future, when everyone is on no- nificant millions of their own money could be paid back. tice this law would then take effect if against me, so I am not unfamiliar I thank Senator DOMENICI and Sen- the amendment passes. with facing a challenger who has great ator DEWINE who have worked so hard The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- personal wealth. However, it seems to on their amendment. Their amendment ator from Connecticut. me this is what I would call incum- includes other ways of leveling the Mr. DODD. Parliamentary inquiry: bency protection. We are all incum- playing field by letting the other can- Under the unanimous consent agree- bents in the Senate. We raise money all didates have no limits or bigger limits. ment, a vote must occur on an amend- the time during our incumbency. I sus- I think that is fine, too. The point is, ment, if not this amendment, at 12:30 pect most sitting Members who have everyone would like to see the most p.m. some intention of running again have level playing field we can find, the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under amassed something between $1⁄2 million most numbers of contributors who care the unanimous consent agreement, and $1 million. If you have been here about this candidate being able to get there are up to 3 hours of debate after for a couple of years, I suspect you behind someone and have a fair chance which a vote on an amendment in rela- have done that. If you have been here of getting the message out. That is tion to the amendment shall occur. longer, I know colleagues have what my part of this amendment does. Mr. DODD. Further inquiry: I pre- amounts in excess of $3, $5, and $7 mil- I thank all colleagues for coming to- sume the time will begin to toll once lion sitting in accounts, earning inter- gether on an amendment, an amend- the amendment is introduced, and the est, waiting for the next time they run. ment I hope will work. If for some rea- fact there is no amendment pending I don’t like the idea of a multi- son this amendment goes down, I hope per se, other than the one we are dis- millionaire going out and writing my amendment, which I introduced as cussing, the time is not really tolling; checks and running, I suppose. I under- a bill 2 years ago, I hope it prevails and is that correct or am I incorrect? stand the law. The Constitution says if we will be able to work something out The PRESIDING OFFICER. By con- an individual in this country wants to as we go through the 2 weeks of debat- sent, the time has been charged. spend his or her money that way, there ing this bill that will be fair and that Mr. MCCONNELL. The time began to is nothing we can do here to stop them. will give everyone a chance to have the run on the amendment when the dis- What you are trying to do is level the support of the biggest number of people cussion began at what time? playing field. It isn’t exactly level, in a sense, when and contributors in a person’s home The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. we are talking about incumbents who State, to have the ability to get a mes- ENZI). Nine-fifty. have treasuries of significant amounts sage out that the people can decide if Mr. DOMENICI. If I could explain. and the power of the office which al- they like or don’t like. Mr. DODD. Certainly. lows us to be in the press every day, if The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. DOMENICI. The Senators in- we want. We can send franked mail to ator from Kentucky. volved in this with their staff worked our constituents at no cost to us. It is Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, one very late last night. The amendment is a cost of the taxpayer. We do radio and of the advantages of having been very complicated and it is being draft- television shows. We can go back to around here a while is I remember ed, and it has just been received. We our States with subsidized airfares. We when this idea first surfaced by the dis- cannot help that. It is now being looked at and it is practically ready. It campaign all across our jurisdictions. tinguished Senator from New Mexico in The idea that somehow we are sort of is a very lengthy amendment. They the late 1980s. He correctly identified impoverished candidates when facing a think they have found some unin- this at that time as one of the signifi- challenger who may decide they are cant problems developing. Now, some tended words and they are trying to fix going to take out a loan, and not nec- 13 or 14 years later, we are finally get- that. essarily even have the money in the ac- ting an opportunity to address one of We have been explaining the amend- count but may decide to mortgage the significant issues, one of the sig- ment. Senator DEWINE explained the their house—I don’t recommend that as nificant problems in our current cam- state-by-state formula very much in a candidate. But there are people who paign system. detail. I explained the intent and the do it. They go out and mortgage their One, obviously, is the hard money basic ideas, and as soon as we get it, we homes. I presume if you mortgage your contribution money limit being set at will introduce it and then there will be house, that is money in your account. $1,000, back when a Mustang cost $2,700 additional time until we vote. It is not distinguished in this amend- which only exacerbated the problem Mr. DODD. I thank my colleague. ment. You go into debt. Senator DOMENICI is talking about be- That raises a concern. I have been For people who decide they want to cause it is harder for a nonwealthy around long enough to sense when do that and meet that trigger, all of a candidate to compete, given the erod- something will happen. I get a sense sudden that allows me as an incumbent ing contribution limit. this amendment will be adopted and to raise, I guess, $3 million at one level, The other, obviously, is the cost of maybe by some significant numbers $3,000 at one level, and $6,000 at an- reaching the voters, the television based on the sponsorships and the other. The gates are open, and the race time. That, I am sure, will be discussed statements made. is on. in the course of this 2-week debate. I will oppose the amendment. I may I am just worried that we are going I thank Senator DOMENICI for his im- be the only person opposing it, but I in the absolute opposite direction of portant work on this over a lengthy pe- am deeply worried about it. The mere what the McCain-Feingold bill is de- riod of time and congratulate Senator fact that we will vote in an hour on a signed to do. DEWINE for his contribution and the highly complicated, very lengthy Again, I find it somewhat ironic that Senator from Texas, Mrs. HUTCHISON, amendment that goes to a significant we are here deeply worried about the for her contribution as well. issue in this debate, and I cannot look capital that can be raised and the can- This is an important amendment. It at it, is an indication of the kind of didate who is going to spend a million will advance this debate in the proper trouble we may be getting ourselves dollars of his own money to level the direction, and given the support of Sen- into. playing field. But those who oppose ator DURBIN and others on the other I appreciate the constraints of the this bill don’t have any difficulty with side of the aisle, we look forward to its managers and the leadership to move that same individual writing out a mil- passage later in the day. this debate along. However, I am trou- lion-dollar check in soft money, in a

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 sense. It is somewhat of a contradic- big money, I think this bill is a good personal account does not guarantee tion to suggest somehow that we are effort to try to equalize that. Is it you a seat in the Senate. going to protect ourselves against that equal in every respect? No, it is not. We are clearly moving in the wrong million-dollar giver and we don’t have Does it take care of the fact that an in- direction. My issue is not that there is anything here to restrain this million- cumbent may have already raised some too little money in politics. I think dollar giver in soft money. I find that money? No. there is too much. I hear my colleagues somewhat ironic. But let me tell you when you have a say the $1,000 needs to be increased. My Again, I respect those who fundamen- situation that says to somebody who big worry is what happens to that $25 tally disagree with McCain-Feingold. I is, as was defined here, a super spender, contributor, the $50 or $100 contributor don’t agree with their arguments, but who gets up into the 10’s, 20’s, 30’s, 40’s, who we used to rely on and call upon to they have an argument to be made. or 50’s of the super spenders, to tell you help support these candidates? We It seems to me if we are going to go the truth, I don’t have an awful lot of don’t pay attention to them anymore. that route to do so, but the idea that concern about them, in fact, not hav- We spend all of our time looking for all of a sudden we raise the threshold ing a fair shake in this election. They the large contributors. of hard money to $3,000 and $6,000 for are going to spend enough money to By the way, a large contributor is an incumbent sitting with a treasury make sure they do. They know that. $1,000 in my book or, a person who of significant money on hand, even They assess it and their money. They gives $2,000. Now we are going to raise though you may not be personally say they are going to put in whatever it to $3,000 and $6,000 with the mere wealthy, but the fact is that you have is necessary to get a fair shake. suggestion that you might finance this kind of money in your accounts— I am more worried about them put- $500,000 or $1 million in a Senate elec- why not suggest, then, if you are an in- ting in their money and the person tion. cumbent and, in the case of Wyoming, running against them, say, in the So the doors are open. Now the argu- you go to $500,000, whatever the trigger northeastern United States, is not an ment is made that we have done it here is, I say to the Presiding Officer, or the incumbent; the person running is a and we ought to do it over there for the Senator from Connecticut or Cali- challenger. There is no way, under cur- other side as well. All of a sudden, we fornia—if I have that amount of money rent law, that person could raise have opened the gates, and we are up to in my treasury, why not let the chal- enough money to become known and do $3,000, and $6,000, and forget about that $50 contributor, that small individual lenger, in a sense, reach the $3,000 and what somebody who spends $40 million we are trying to engage in the political $6,000 level of individual contributions can. That is the kind of person I am life of America. They are not going to in order to challenge me if I have it not worried about. in my own personal account but in my Mr. DODD. That very race that I get any attention whatsoever. My view is that is dangerous. I think it is political account? think my colleague is talking about Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, will worthwhile that people are invested in was a fairly close race in the end. I can the Senator yield for a question? the political life of America with their think of two specifically where, in fact, Mr. DODD. Yes. time and their financial resources. I the individual raising that kind of Mr. DOMENICI. First of all, there is have no objection whatsoever to the money became a liability, and they no soft money in this amendment. idea that people write a check to sup- lost. Mr. DODD. I understand that. My port candidates of their choice for I would like to reclaim my time. point was those who oppose the bill feel State, local and national office. Mr. DOMENICI. I would like to ask as though individuals ought to be able What I find deeply troubling is that to make whatever contributions they you about one other subject. they no longer will be solicited because I think you should know what we are want in soft money. I was making the their contribution doesn’t amount to doing, respectfully, which is to say observation as a contradiction. anything because we are going to go Mr. DOMENICI. May I also say to that anybody who puts in their own after the big-dollar givers, the $3,000 you, if you are worried about the per- money, however they got their own giver and the $6,000 giver. What per- son who wants to put in their own money, when they get elected, they centage of Americans can actually do money, and it will trigger raising the cannot use their Senate seat to raise that? personal caps, you understand that be- money to pay off what they put in an If we are financing elections across fore we are finished with the McCain election. You raised one where some- the board for the House and the Senate amendment, it is going to be amended body mortgages their house and puts in by only soliciting those kinds of con- in terms of caps. Caps aren’t going to the money. If they mortgage their tributions, or at least the bulk of those remain at $1,000. You understand the house, they still have to put in this people, I think we are putting our de- caps are going to be raised. threshold money, which is a lot of mocracy in peril. Mr. DODD. I understand some are money to be from a home mortgage. I understand the concern my col- going to try to do that. I am not going Mr. DODD. I appreciate that. leagues and incumbents have about to support it. But I understand there I come back to my point. I know facing the wealthy opponent. But I will be an effort to do that. there are super wealthy candidates. I don’t think that concern should out- Mr. DOMENICI. It will happen be- guarantee that there are a lot more in- weigh our determination to try to re- cause that $1,000 is 26 years old with no cumbents sitting with super treasuries duce the amount of money that is en- interest or inflation added, and it re- seeking reelection than there are indi- tering political life in America. mains the most significant cap on Sen- viduals with vast amounts of money By adopting this amendment, as ators and Representatives. And it is seeking Senate seats. We have them, much as I empathize and understand too low. You have to spend all your but it doesn’t automatically mean that the concerns my colleagues have, it time raising money, which is the other they are guaranteed a seat. You see it looks to me as though all we are doing side of the equation. If it gets raised, in several jurisdictions. is trying to protect ourselves rather also the person who had an idea of put- My colleagues know what I am talk- than trying to level that playing field. ting his own money in can look at it ing about and know the races specifi- If I am the only one to oppose it, I again and say, well, if I can raise $3,000, cally that I am referring to where mil- will do so. or $6,000, whatever it is changed to, and lions of dollars was spent by individ- Despite the good intentions of the the PACs are changed to double, it uals who financed their own cam- authors of this amendment, I think it might be that they will choose not to paigns, and they lost. In fact, I think takes us in exactly the wrong direc- put their own money in because they they lost in no small measure because tion. I think it makes a mockery of could actually have a shot at financ- people were somewhat disgusted by the McCain-Feingold. I think we are begin- ing. fact that they were giving the impres- ning to just shred that piece of legisla- When you put in all of the negatives sion of buying a Senate seat. The mere tion. I know there is a strong deter- that exist today in terms of the bias of fact you write checks out of your own mination to get a bill, but a bill that

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3973 has McCain-Feingold’s name on it, and the real problems that I see in this ap- So I merely pointed it out to show ends up doing what this amendment proach, which is that if an incumbent the inconsistency in someone’s per- would do, I do not think deserves the has $5 million in the bank or even $10 sonal wealth and a person’s political label it might otherwise get. million in the bank, and his opponent wealth. We are applying one standard With that, Mr. President, I will op- declares that they want to spend some on personal wealth and not the same pose the amendment and yield the of their own money to mount a vig- standard on political wealth. floor. orous challenge, the incumbent gets to I appreciate the point. Someone else Mr. DASCHLE addressed the Chair. take advantage of the raised individual may offer the amendment. But I thank The PRESIDING OFFICER. The contribution limits. In my state of the Senator for raising the point. Chair recognizes the Democratic lead- South Dakota, if my opponent wanted Mr. BENNETT. The Senator from er. to spend over $686,000 of their own Connecticut is exactly right. The rea- Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, let me money, I could take advantage of the son I would support that is I am one of say to my colleague, the Senator from new limits even if I might have $5 in those who would increase the limits. Connecticut, he will not be the only the bank myself. If the same forces So this gives us an opportunity to sup- person opposing this amendment. I that want to pass this amendment turn port the increase in limits in a number thank him for his eloquent, extraor- around and triple the underlying con- of other ways. But I appreciate this de- dinarily lucent description of this tribution limits, I would be able to go bate. amendment and what it may mean. He out and raise as much as $18,000 from I will repeat what I said yesterday is right on the mark. I share his sym- every individual who wants to con- about my own experience, because I pathy, his empathy, for those who may tribute to my campaign. ran against a self-funded, wealthy can- be faced in the future with the cir- How is that fair? Regardless of what didate. If I had been under the restric- cumstances some of our colleagues al- money we may have in the bank, how tions of the present law, let alone the ready have been faced with—running is it we would not look at that? Just restrictions of McCain-Feingold, I against a well-financed, independently because I might have a wealthy oppo- would never have gotten anywhere in wealthy opponent. nent, should I be allowed to open up the primary. The only way I was able I think the Senator from Connecticut the floodgates here and take whatever to compete in the primary was to spend puts his finger exactly on the problem. money I can raise? How is that lim- my own money and match the money This moves us away from limiting the iting the influence of money? No, in- that was being spent by a wealthy op- money in the system. This ‘‘cure’’ cre- stead this protects incumbents. How is ponent. ates even more financial pitfalls and that in the spirit of McCain-Feingold? As I said yesterday, and repeat for political difficulties than the current How can we seriously look at anybody my friend from Connecticut, who has system. and argue that this legislation benefits an interest in Utah politics, my oppo- This amendment, however well inten- the true spirit and intent of what it is nent—making the point of the Senator tioned, has three major problems. we are trying to do today? from Connecticut—outspent me three First, and foremost, it is an amend- I think the ranking member of the to one and lost. So that the expendi- ment that will create different stand- Rules Committee, the Senator from ture of huge sums does not automati- ards in different States. As a result of Connecticut, has articulately put his cally result in somebody being elected. the different standards that are cre- finger on the problem. We have to op- But, nonetheless, his willingness to ated, most likely it will be declared un- pose this if we really want to support spend $40 a vote in that primary made constitutional. It will allow different meaningful campaign finance reform. it impossible for anybody to challenge candidates to raise different levels of Do not let anybody out there tell you him unless it was, as it turned out, a money in different States depending that somehow, by supporting this, we self-funded candidate who would come upon circumstances. I cannot imagine are moving in the right direction. This along and spend $15 a vote. And that is that a system so confusing and biased moves us down the wrong track. We about how it worked out. Actually, I do could be upheld in any court of law. I ought to oppose it. It ought to be de- not think I spent quite that much per feated. I support McCain-Feingold, but cannot imagine that any court would vote. But he spent $6 million. I spent I do not support this. look favorably at this inequitable dis- less than $2 million. I was able to get I yield the floor. tribution of opportunity. Mr. BENNETT addressed the Chair. enough to get my message out and win, Secondly, this puts even more polit- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The but if I had to raise that less than $2 ical power in the hands of fewer and Chair recognizes the Senator from million, at $1,000 a person, I guarantee fewer people. When we began this de- Utah. you, I would not have been able to bate we were trying to address this Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I lis- compete in any way. That is why I am very problem—the concentration of po- tened with interest to the comments of sympathetic to the amendment of the litical power in a wealthy few. Even the Senator from Connecticut. I am Senator from New Mexico. with the limits as they were in the last convinced that if he wants to offer an Mr. WELLSTONE addressed the election, almost half of all total con- amendment to the Domenici amend- Chair. tributions to Senate candidates came ment that says these amounts we are The PRESIDING OFFICER. The from donors who gave at least $1,000. talking about for self-funded can- Chair recognizes the Senator from Min- So if the individual contribution limits didates also apply to incumbents who nesota. now are raised to $3,000 or $6,000, or have those amounts in their existing Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I even higher if the underlying indi- campaign funds, I would be happy to say to colleagues, I will be relatively vidual limits are changed by this support such a modification of the brief. I do not have the full context of amendment process, we know wealthy Domenici amendment. this amendment and this debate, but donors are going to control the field Mr. DODD. If my colleague would my understanding is that this amend- even more. Why we would want to do yield, my fear is once we have done ment is very similar to the amendment that in the name of campaign reform, I that, we are raising, of course, the hard we voted on last night. I would like to do not know? limits, which takes us, as far as I am repeat some statistics I presented last I heard somebody say this is in the concerned, in the wrong direction with night that I think apply. spirit of McCain-Feingold. This flies in the bill. I respect those who say they Right now, do you know how many the face of McCain-Feingold. There is are going to be raised anyway. But my citizens contribute $200—just $200 or nothing in the spirit of McCain-Fein- concern is that if we keep on more? One quarter of 1 percent. One- gold in this amendment. This is not re- ratcheting up those levels, then we are quarter of 1 percent of the people in form. This makes a mockery of reform. running contrary to what I hope are this country contribute over $200. Do Finally, I cannot imagine why the the underlying motivations behind the you know how many people contribute compromise has not addressed one of underlying bill. over $1,000? One-ninth of 1 percent of

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 the population. Do you know the rea- in the country contribute a small interest groups that raise their own son? Because a whole lot of people can- amount. We are willing to abide by money and run their own ads. We saw not afford to give that kind of money this. As to those candidates who don’t, in the last election, for example, to campaigns. who when they run finance their own groups such as the Sierra Club and the What we have here is an amendment campaigns, there is additional money National Rifle Association become that purports to improve the situation to match that. That is the direction in very active in politics. We are no by now creating a situation where you which we should go. longer in a position where it is just Re- have people who are wealthy and have Before I take a question from my col- publicans running against Democrats, their own financial resources and fi- league, I want to say that one of the as far as the airwaves are concerned, nance their own campaigns now chal- amendments I will bring to the floor is but a whole host of groups. lenged by people who are viable be- an amendment—it is an interesting I ask the Senator, would he support cause they are dependent upon people proposition based upon an Eighth Cir- public financing for political ads for who are wealthy and have financial re- cuit Court of Appeals decision in Min- even the Sierra Club or the National sources. nesota—that says: You change three Rifle Association? The contest is between the wealthy words in Federal election law and you Mr. WELLSTONE. I appreciate the with financial resources versus the peo- make it possible for any State that so question. There is a three-part answer. ple who have access and are dependent desires to apply some system of public You know I am long-winded. The first upon the wealthy with financial re- financing, whatever the States decide part is that you could have additional sources. And this is called a reform? If it is, not just to State elections but to public financing to match that. The the first thing we do on the floor of the Federal elections. If Utah wants to do second part is that the amendment we Senate is pass an amendment to put it or the people in Minnesota want to are talking about here doesn’t deal yet more money into American poli- do it and they vote for it or the legisla- with that problem either. My colleague tics, I don’t think people will find that ture votes for it, then they ought to be is raising yet another issue. I agree, it all that reassuring. able to do it. We don’t tell them what is a serious issue, but this amendment I say this because the more I follow to do. We just say that if a State wants doesn’t address that problem. My col- this debate, the more convinced I am to apply some system of public financ- league can raise this question, but it that public financing is the answer. ing, some kind of clean money, clean doesn’t make a lot of sense in the con- From the time I came here, this has al- election to Federal races, they should text of this amendment. That is yet a ways been a core question. Bill Moyers, be able to do so. That would be an whole separate issue with which we who is a hero journalist to me, gave a amendment that goes in the direction have to deal. speech and sent me a copy of ‘‘The Soul we are going to have to go. My third point concerns another of Democracy,’’ in which he argues ba- McCain-Feingold is very important amendment I am thinking of which sically what is at stake is a noble, and should not be watered down be- gets at part of the problem he is rais- beautiful, bold experiment, over 220 or cause I think it is an important step in ing. I am very worried that what we 230 years, of self-rule. That is what is the right direction. However, I cannot are going to have is a bigger problem at stake, our capacity for self-rule. believe that what we have here—and I with the Hagel proposal. As much as I If you are worried about what to do am very worried this is a harbinger of respect my colleague from Nebraska, I about millionaires or multimillionaires what is to come—is an amendment plan to be in vigorous opposition running their own campaigns with that says we are going to vote for re- against it. I am worried that if you do their own resources, the way to deal form. We are going to now put more the prohibition on the soft money, it is with that is to have a clean money, money into politics. Those of you who going to shift to the sham ads, whoever clean election, have a system of public run for office, here is the way we will is running those ads. The Senator men- financing. We have seen some States create a level playing field. You can be tioned some organizations. I could such as Maine, Vermont, Massachu- even more dependent upon the top one- mention others. I am worried about setts, and Arizona lead the way on this, quarter of 1 percent that now you can that. It is like jello; you put your fin- where basically people all contributed get $6,000 from or $5,000 from, or wher- ger here and it just shifts to over here. to a fund. Then you say, to abide by ever you want to take the spending In the McCain-Feingold bill, you deal agreed-upon spending limits, you get limit, in which case we are even more with labor and you deal with corpora- public financing. Basically the people dependent on those folks; they have tions. I am very worried that there will themselves, who have contributed $5 or more clout, even more power. be a proliferation of all sorts of organi- whatever per year in a State or in the And that is called reform. I just don’t zations, and labor and corporations country, they control the elections in get it. Later on, there is going to be an with good lawyers will figure out basi- their government and the capital and amendment to raise campaign limits cally how to make sure that their soft all the rest. It is much more of clean from 1 to 3 and 2 to 6—unbelievable. money also goes into this. politics. One more time—then I will take a I would like to go back to the origi- If someone says, no, I won’t abide by question from my colleague—one-quar- nal McCain-Feingold formulation, that because I have zillions of dollars, ter of 1 percent of Americans made a which was in the bill that passed the and I will just finance my own cam- contribution greater than $200 in the House, to say that you have that 60-day paign and go way beyond the expendi- 1996 cycle—probably about the same in prohibition on soft money applied to ture limits, then out of that clean the 2000 cycle—.11 percent, one-ninth of all those sham ads, which I would say money/clean election fund, money is 1 percent of the voting-age population, to my colleague from Utah would be a given to the candidate who has agreed gave $1,000 or more. We are not talking very positive step. to abide by this to match that. That about the population but the voting- Mr. BENNETT. I thank the Senator would be the direction in which you age population. Now you are going to for his response. I agree with him that would go. give wealthy citizens even more clout? my question didn’t have anything to do I don’t know why Senators are so You are going to give them an even with the amendment. It was stimulated concerned about wealthy people run- greater capacity to affect elections and by the Senator’s endorsement of Fed- ning for office and financing their own call this reform? eral funding. I thank him for his re- campaigns and basically clobbering ev- I yield for a question from my col- sponse. I am prepared to debate the erybody else because they have the league. other issues he raises in the appro- money. If this is the concern of my col- Mr. BENNETT. I thank my friend. priate context. I think we are both get- leagues, they should embrace public fi- Since he has raised the issue of public ting far away from the amendment. nancing. That is what we want. Then financing in the campaign, I ask him if Mr. WELLSTONE. I don’t think the we have a system that is honest, clean, he would explain how the public financ- first 75 percent of what I said was at all and which basically says all the people ing would work with respect to special far away from it. Again, we have an

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3975 amendment that purports to be reform. Connecticut is not going to be alone. ward a more level playing field and The message to people in the country We already know he has a vote from does address a problem that has arisen is, we are going to spend yet more the Senator from South Dakota, the in the last few years when, because of money. Now we move from millionaires Democratic leader. I acknowledged last a constitutionally protected loophole, who can finance their own campaigns night I wasn’t going to vote for this the wealthy candidate is the only per- against people who are dependent upon thing. If we are going to have campaign son in the country who can put an un- millionaires who can give them ever finance reform, we are going to have limited amount of money in a par- larger and larger contributions, with campaign finance reform. ticular campaign—his or her own cam- the top 1 percent of the population hav- As the Senator from Connecticut paign. Everybody else is limited to ing more clout, more influence, more said, just because it has the name $1,000 but not the candidate. So what say. I don’t view that as reform. ‘‘McCain-Feingold’’ on it doesn’t mean has happened is there has become a I yield the floor. it is campaign finance reform. We keep great search every election cycle, Mr. REID. Mr. President, I can re- moving away from it. I don’t know how where both the Republicans and the member the first time I went to New anybody can support the underlying Democrats go out and they don’t look York City—amazing things to me— bill. I want to support campaign fi- for people with great ideas. Some me- those tall buildings, those people—you nance reform. I have wanted to support chanics may have great ideas. They know, being from Nevada—teams of it since 1987. I have spoken on this don’t look necessarily for people with a people milling around. But I have to floor as much as any other person great deal of experience or who bring acknowledge probably the most fas- about campaign finance reform. But other attributes, although a mechanic cinating thing I saw was these people today, again, I see the shell game. I may have all of those things. What on the street playing these games. hope that I am wrong. they look for and what the great They would try to entice people to Yesterday, I acknowledged the great search around the country is for is peo- play. I learned later it was a shell work of the Senators from Wisconsin ple who have money—the more the bet- game. I watched with fascination be- and Arizona in moving this bill for- ter. If you can find someone who has cause nobody could ever win. No mat- ward. I don’t, in any way, want to that money and is articulate, and they ter what you did, you always picked imply anything negative other than are from a key State or from a State the wrong place for that little object disagreeing with the point of this legis- that is getting ready to elect a U.S. they were trying to hide. lation. But I want to say that I think Senator, then you have found what you I say that because I think that is the senior Senator from Kentucky has were looking for. what is happening with campaign fi- been masterful. I say that in the most There is an inequity in the current nance reform. In 1987, I came to the positive sense. He has been one of the system. But that is not why this Senate floor saying: We have to do few people who has been willing to amendment is being offered, and that is something about campaign finance re- stand up and speak his mind. We have not why we should vote for this amend- form; we can’t have another election a lot of people who are doing things be- ment. We should not be concerned like I have just been through. hind the scenes to try to deep-six this about the candidate who is running Well, I have been through two subse- bill, but the Senator from Kentucky against the millionaire, not directly quent elections, and each has been pro- has never backed down a second, and I concerned about that candidate. It is gressively worse, as far as money. admire him. I disagree with him, but I not just to level the playing field or to Over these years, each time we were admire him for what he has done. In make it more equal. What we should be going to bring up campaign finance re- my estimation, I think he has done concerned about is the public and form, I looked with great expectation very good legislating. I don’t agree whether the public will have the ben- for the system to be made better. But with him, but I have the greatest re- efit of a free debate, free-flowing de- like the shell game I saw in New York, spect and even admiration for the way bate, a debate where both candidates you never picked the right spot. It was he stood up when few people would op- have the ability to get their ideas out. always gone when you got there, and pose this legislation, and he did that. I This amendment enhances free we never did get to campaign finance respect that. speech, and it does it in a very rational reform. I can see that is what is hap- Mr. President, we should acknowl- way. Again, I point out to my col- pening today. edge what is happening here. This un- leagues who have come to the floor to All last week, I was kind of elated be- derlying McCain-Feingold legislation is criticize this amendment, this amend- cause Senators MCCAIN and FEINGOLD slowly evaporating, and we are going ment does not allow soft money. This had worked to get their legislation on to wind up with something else. It may amendment deals with very regulated, the floor. I felt there was movement have the name, but it is not going to be very much disclosed hard money. It ba- and that we could finally do some- what I wanted to vote for. sically builds on the current system. thing—if nothing more, get rid of soft I suggest the absence of a quorum Where there is the most accountability money. Based on what happened last and ask that time be equally charged. in the system today, and where we night, and I see what is happening The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there have had the fewest problems today is today, I am very disappointed. I can’t objection? with hard money and with individual see, with all due respect to my Without objection, it is so ordered. donors. friends—and they are my friends, the The clerk will call the roll. That is what this amendment builds Senator from Wisconsin and the Sen- The assistant legislative clerk pro- on. It simply says that a person who is ator from Arizona—how in the world ceeded to call the roll. faced with a millionaire putting his or they could support this amendment. If Mr. DEWINE. I ask unanimous con- her own money into the campaign has we are talking about campaign finance sent that the order for the quorum call the opportunity, because of this reform, this is going in the opposite di- be rescinded. amendment, to go out and raise money rection, as has been so well put by the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without from many people. When they raise manager of the bill on our side, the objection, it is so ordered. that money, in each case it will be dis- ranking member of the Rules Com- Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, let me closed very quickly. It will be open to mittee, the senior Senator from Con- briefly respond to my friends and col- public scrutiny. It will all be very necticut. leagues from Connecticut, South Da- much above board, and the end result The shell game is being played here. kota, and Nevada in regard to this will be not that the candidate who is This is not campaign finance reform. I amendment. I certainly respect their the millionaire will have a smaller may not think the underlying cam- opinions and respect their comments. megaphone—that millionaire who is paign finance reform bill of McCain Mr. President, the fact is that this putting in his or her own money will and Feingold is perfect, but it is some- amendment will enhance free speech. It have the same megaphone they had be- thing I can support. The Senator from is true this amendment will move to- fore this amendment—but what it

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 means is that the candidate who is fac- frankly, it enhances the chance that a Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, after ing that multimillionaire will also court will look at this and say, yes, a long night and legislative counsel have the opportunity to have a bigger that is a rational approach. drafting this amendment and then all megaphone, to grow that megaphone if, Again, this is an amendment that has of our collective staffs working on it to in fact, he or she can go out and con- a lot of protections built in, and prob- make sure we had a draft we could vince enough people to make indi- ably the most important one was added offer, we are now at that point. This vidual contributions. That is what this last night. That was the concept that a amendment may need some technical amendment does. wealthy candidate should not in any and drafting changes as we move Will it put more money into the po- way be disadvantaged by the fact that through this process, and that will be litical system? Yes, it will put more he or she is exercising their constitu- done. money into the political system. I tional right to put their own money Essentially, Senator DEWINE has ex- maintain, however, that the effect of into a campaign. plained the technical part of this bill. I that money will be to enhance the first How do we ensure that? We ensure it want to, once again, talk about why amendment and not diminish the first by simply saying that the amount of this bill is imperative for the United amendment. It will be to enhance peo- money the nonwealthy candidate can States. ple’s ability to communicate and get a raise above the normal caps will be While we are here on the floor debat- message across without in any way limited to the amount of money that ing a McCain bill to change the cam- hurting someone else’s ability—name- the wealthy candidate puts in. If the paign laws of America because we are ly, the millionaire—to get their mes- wealthy candidate puts in $5 million, concerned about excess money coming sage across. the nonwealthy candidate can only from sources—soft money, hard money, My colleague and friend, the minor- raise, with the enhanced caps from in- too much of this, too much of that— ity leader, talked about the differences dividuals, a total of that up to $5 mil- and I am not sure I agree with every- between the States. I understand what lion. one, but I am saying where we are his perspective is, but I think, based It guarantees the wealthy candidate there is a new and growing situation upon the State he is from, he under- will not be disadvantaged, that he or that involves this amendment and stands there is a fundamental dif- she will not have a smaller megaphone what we are trying to do. That is the ference between the expenditure of $1 and there will not be a disincentive for right of wealthy Americans, men or million, or let’s say half a million dol- them to actually put their own money women, to spend as much of their own lars, in South Dakota and a half a mil- into the campaign. money as they desire in a campaign. They will still have the ability to do lion dollars in the State of Ohio. The Nobody is going to change that. This that. They will not be penalized if they half a million dollars in South Dakota amendment cannot change that. The do that, but what it says is when that has a lot more impact than a half a Supreme Court has said that is a right. does happen, when the wealthy can- million dollars in the State of Ohio. It That right is being exercised in grow- didate does contribute a significant seems to me it is incumbent upon us to ing numbers by those who put not a amount of money to his or her own make that distinction. few thousand, not a few million, but How do we do it? First, I will talk campaign, then the nonwealthy can- tens of millions of dollars of their own about how we do not do it. didate can go back, as a practical mat- money into campaigns. We do not make any difference in re- ter, to previous donors and try to get What is wrong with that is not that gard to whether there is a multiple of them to give an additional $1,000, they can put up $10 million, but their three or multiple of six. We do not $2,000, or $3,000, depending on where opponent is bound by 26-year-old caps change that among the States. We do they are. that are so low that to match some- not change the categories among the It is a lot of work. It is something States, but what we do say is that in a that is not easily done. It is something body who puts $10 million of their own smaller State, when the millionaire that will make sure there are more and money in, in a middle-size State, the puts in a certain amount of money, more people involved in giving money, opposition must spend days upon days that money does have more of an im- will involve more people in the process, seeking $1,000 contributions per elec- pact in that smaller State than it has and will enhance freedom of speech. tion and seeking $5,000 per election in a larger State and, therefore, we In summary, this is a well-crafted from political action committees. start the process earlier and we kick it amendment. It is an amendment that I never have figured out how much a in earlier. deals in a constitutional way with a person would have to spend of their For example—and this is the chart problem of perception, and that percep- time to match a $10 million contribu- my colleagues have—I will take the tion is that someone today who is tion from a wealthy person or super- first State, and that is the State of Wy- wealthy enough can buy a seat in the wealthy contribution. It is an enor- oming. Recognizing the difference that Senate. We know that may or may not mous amount of time. It is frequently money has in Wyoming versus Ohio, we be true in a particular case, and we fruitless because you can’t raise provide that the first threshold, which also know that many people who are enough money to match. means you can raise $3,000 from a wealthy and who are self-financed are I am not concerned today about mak- donor instead of $1,000 from a donor, fine people and fine candidates. That is ing sure the candidate who puts up mil- that is triggered in Wyoming when the not the issue. lions is treated precisely as the person millionaire, the person who is self-fi- What this amendment is aimed at running against him, whether the per- nancing their campaign, puts in dealing with is the perception, and the son is incumbent or otherwise. How- $328,640. The candidate who is running perception that someone can buy a seat ever, what we do is say the man or against the millionaire in Wyoming in the Senate with their own money. It woman running against the big con- would then have the opportunity to begins to level that playing field. It tributor—the $5 million, the $3 million, raise three times the limit for each makes it more competitive. It en- the $20 million, we even had over $50 donor, which is $3,000. hances free speech, and it does not di- million of their own money spent—the In Ohio, we do not reach that thresh- minish in any way what that wealthy opposition candidate has to have a old until that self-financed candidate candidate can say or do or their ability change in those $1,000 cap restraints has put in $974,640. There is a difference to get their message out, but enables and the $1,000 has to be raised substan- in the impact that money has in one the person who is not wealthy to also tially. The hard money that can come State versus the impact in another get their message out. We have done it, from parties has to also be changed State. We do not even kick that in I think, in a rational way. substantially so the person running until that person has put in close to $1 I thank the Chair, and I yield the against a wealthy candidate who million in the State of Ohio. floor. spends a lot of their own—and I just de- It makes eminent sense to do it this The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- scribed that; the other side of the aisle way. It has been well thought out, and, ator from New Mexico. described it also, somebody on the

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other side of the aisle said as much as Mr. MCCONNELL. I am not assuming want to second degree the amendment. $50 million—in a simple way raise the anything. If that is not acceptable to the pro- level of funding that the opponent can Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, let me say ponents, it seems to me we should raise from the American people, citi- the current version of this amendment move to table, the motion to table will zens of their State and from their represents a significant improvement be defeated, and then it will be open to party. That is fair. If it turns out in over where it was last night for a num- a second-degree amendment. Since the process you do not match equal ber of reasons. that is the only way in which anybody dollars, that is all right with this Sen- First, last night’s version did not who wants to offer an amendment in ator. We tried very hard to make sure keep a cap on contributions once the the second degree can offer it, it seems the person running against the wealthy trigger was triggered. The extra con- to me that is an appropriate way to candidate gets a fair share. tributions triggered on but did not proceed. AMENDMENT NO. 115 trigger off. This version intends to Let me summarize, I think this I send an amendment to the desk for trigger off the extra increased con- amendment is an improvement over myself, Senators DEWINE, DURBIN, EN- tributions when the limit of the dec- what we began with in a number of SIGN, FEINSTEIN, and COLLINS, and I ask laration of the wealthy person is ways. We have a trigger off as well as it be immediately considered. reached. That is a significant improve- a trigger on. That is a plus. And there The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ment. That is consistent with the pur- is variety among the States. That is a clerk will report. pose of McCain-Feingold—limits, try- plus. However, it creates an unlevel The assistant legislative clerk read ing to hang on to limits for dear life. field. As the Senator from Connecticut as follows: Those limits have been blown by the pointed out, along with the Senator The Senator from New Mexico [Mr. DOMEN- soft money loophole and this current from Nevada, there is an unlevel play- ICI], for himself, Mr. DEWINE, Mr. DURBIN, version—and it is an improvement over ing field which is created, a greater Mr. ENSIGN, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, and Ms. COL- the earlier version—at least restores lack of a level playing field in the case LINS, proposes an amendment numbered 115. limits because you are not just trig- of the incumbent who has that cam- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I ask gering on the increases from $1,000 to paign fund, who is then being chal- unanimous consent the reading of the $3,000 or $1,000 to $6,000. You then trig- lenged by somebody who can self-fi- amendment be dispensed with. ger off the increases when the declared nance to the extent of $1⁄2 million or $1 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without amount by the wealthy self-financed million. The incumbent who already objection, it is so ordered. person is made or is reached, either has the financial advantage and the in- (The text of the amendment is print- one. That is an improvement. cumbency advantage is then also given ed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Amend- Second, I think the variation among the advantage of having the higher ments Submitted.’’) the States is an improvement. contribution limits. Mr. MCCONNELL. I believe we have However, there is still a major prob- The effort to level the playing field agreed we will vote at 12:15. lem, and I will address my friend from in a very appropriate way, as the Sen- Mr. DODD. If I can make a point, my New Mexico and Ohio on this problem. ator from Ohio is doing, makes the concern is that I don’t know if I have In the effort to level the playing field playing field less level against the the final version of this amendment. I in one area, we are making the playing challenger. gather still technical changes are being field less level in another area under This would be up to the managers of made as we stand here. I count 20 pages this language. As the Senators from the bill. But I suggest that the Mem- to this amendment. Am I right, rough- Connecticut and Nevada, and the bers of the Senate be able to read this ly 20 pages? Democratic leader, have pointed out, amendment, either delay the vote, or Mr. DOMENICI. It is 12 pages. the playing field will be less level for make it open to a second-degree Mr. DODD. We are just getting an the challenger. For instance, the chal- amendment. Or, in the alternative, I amendment that raises hard money lenger, who might want to put $1 mil- suggest that we have a motion to table, caps, based on triggers and formulas lion into the campaign, is self-financed which then presumably would be de- from 50 States. I am uneasy about this to that extent. He or she may mort- feated, but which would open up the body taking on an amendment such as gage a home to get the $1 million so amendment to being read and consid- this without knowing the implications that he or she is able to compete ered and to a second-degree amend- and going directly contrary to the against the incumbent, where the in- ment. thrust. While the bill focuses on soft cumbent has $5 million in a campaign Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I money, many believe the issue of the account. We make that situation less was talking to the assistant Demo- amount of money in campaigns, raising level, not more level, because the in- cratic leader. We agreed that we ought this limit makes it that much easier cumbent is able to then raise money at to have this vote at 12:15. It is my un- later on for people to raise the caps on the higher contribution levels. derstanding, I believe, that he is going hard dollars. Nothing in here provides It seems to me that is a significant to propound a consent agreement for for the challenger who faces the incum- flaw which we should attempt to ad- that. bent with how many millions they may dress, and we should attempt to ad- Mr. REID. Mr. President, this has have in their own political account. dress it in this amendment before we been cleared with Senator DODD and I am troubled by this body on a mat- vote on it. managers of this bill. I ask unanimous ter such as this, when hardly a speed- Now, the only way we can offer a sec- consent that we have a vote on or in reader would have time to read this ond-degree amendment to a pending relation to this amendment at 12:15, amendment, understand it, digest it, amendment under our unanimous con- and following that vote, our party re- and adopt it all in the next 10 minutes. sent is if the motion to table is made cesses would take place. We would be It is troubling to me. I understand the and fails. That is the only way in in recess and reconvene at 2:15 today. need to move along. I oppose this which a second-degree amendment can The next amendment being offered amendment. be offered. Since this is complicated would be a Republican amendment. Mr. MCCONNELL. I say to my friend language which is being presented to Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, re- from Connecticut, the choice is be- the Senate at this hour with very little serving the right to object, does that tween 12:15 and 12:50. We debated it 3 opportunity for many Members to read mean an up-or-down vote on the hours yesterday and we debated it for 3 it or think through it, I suggest we do Domenici amendment? hours this morning. We can agree to one of two things. We either amend the Mr. REID. No, it doesn’t. We are vote at 12:15 or vote at 12:50. unanimous consent in this case so we under a unanimous consent agreement. Mr. LEVIN. When he says ‘‘agree to can vote after we have had a chance to Whatever happens happens. vote,’’ are you assuming there is a vote second degree it, or at least consider Mr. MCCONNELL. Let me raise the to—a motion to table either side? the language so we can determine if we issue. If the Democrat amendment is

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 not tabled, then it is open to second de- tabling motion; and, if you do not pre- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there grees. So the next amendment is not vail, then the amendment is subject to objection to the unanimous consent re- necessarily a Republican amendment. future amendment. quest by the Senator from Nevada? Mr. REID. The unanimous consent The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Mr. MCCAIN. Reserving the right to request indicates that if a motion to objection? object, and I will not, Mr. President, table is not offered, then it is any- Mr. MCCONNELL. Reserving the let me point out a couple of things. body’s opportunity. right to object, Mr. President, let’s One is we have spent a long time on Mr. MCCONNELL. If a second-degree continue the discussion for a moment. this issue. Negotiations included vir- amendment were a Democrat amend- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I tually every Senator who was inter- ment, from a parliamentary point of would like to proceed. I believe it is 12 ested in this amendment. There are view, we would be potentially in an ex- pages long. We have counted it. We two parliamentary procedures. If the tended discussion, which is what I see have had hours in that Cloakroom with motion to table fails, yes, a second-de- my friend from Michigan smiling staff from every Senator who is inter- gree amendment is in order. But a ta- about. ested. The amendment we started with bling motion to the second-degree What we feared when we entered into was rather lengthy. We just added to amendment also is in order at any this consent agreement in the first it. But we have added what all of these time. There is no timeframe. place was the potential for anybody Senators wanted as if they were sitting It is also available to further amend- ments in the future which could be de- who wanted to kind of work mischief in there in terms of modifying the signed to affect the Domenici-DeWine and to filibuster a second-degree Domenici amendment to make it a real amendment as well. If this issue is to amendment. I ask my friend from Domenici-DeWine amendment which be revisited with another amendment, Michigan, is it his intent, then, to sec- includes the state-by-state formula it could be done as well. You don’t nec- ond degree the Domenici amendment that he wants as well as proportion- essarily have to go to a second-degree once it is not tabled, thereby pre- ality that other Senators sought. amendment. venting Republicans from offering the I want a vote up or down when the I point out to my colleagues that we next amendment? time comes. I hope it will come quick- have 2 weeks. We have now been on Mr. LEVIN. No. I am not intending to ly. If it doesn’t, we will vote at what- this amendment for a number of hours, prevent Republicans from offering the ever time this time expires. If some- depending on at what they are looking. next first-degree amendment at all. I body wants to table it, I would now, We ought to be able to get this issue am not sure I want to offer a second- here and now, urge that we not table it. resolved quickly and move on to other degree amendment. With an amend- It is a very good amendment. If you amendments. ment this complex, I want there to be want to fix it up, you can fix it up a lit- I can understand the frustration of an opportunity for Members to read it, tle bit. It still has to go to conference. the Senator from Kentucky because he consider it, and decide whether or not But essentially a vote to table this is a was under the impression that the next to offer a second-degree amendment. I vote not to do anything about the amendment would be his amendment, may try to offer a second-degree growing situation of extremely or one of the supporters of his position amendment along the lines that we wealthy Americans using their own on the overall bill. talked about. In no way am I trying to money while, for the most part, the I hope we can have an up-or-down prevent Republicans from offering person running against him is encum- vote with the full and certain knowl- amendments. bered by statutes in terms of what they edge that another amendment to clar- Mr. MCCONNELL. I don’t know can raise that are totally unreasonable ify or to change the underlying amend- whether this is acceptable to the Sen- versus a candidate who puts in $10 mil- ment would be in order at any time, ator from New Mexico. Since we were lion, $20 million, $30 million, or $40 mil- and by having an up-or-down vote, we debating this issue all day yesterday lion. That is the issue. can move on with the amending proc- and have been all day today, there are At this point, I yield the floor and ess. some Senators who, in order to make hope we will vote soon. I hope my colleagues can understand progress on the bill, might want to go The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there the logic of that. There is a limitation to another amendment. I am wondering objection? of time. I do not object. about temporarily laying it aside or Mr. DODD. Reserving the right to ob- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there staying on this with a motion to table. ject, I say in all due respect to my good objection? Mr. DOMENICI. What would be the friend from New Mexico that you have Without objection, it is so ordered. status of the Domenici amendment? If provisions in here, as I look at this Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, the we would set it aside, it would be an thing, where you have inserts that I vote will be at 12:15. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The vote amendment that has not been tabled, can’t even find. Insert 301 in someplace, insert from 301—I am looking at an will be at 12:15. and that is subject to amendment pur- The Senator from Wisconsin. suant to the unanimous consent agree- amendment that I can’t even follow. Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, does ment. Is that correct? With all due respect, this is pretty seri- the Senator from New Mexico yield 3 Mr. DODD. No. Wait a minute. Re- ous stuff. I need to have a guide to get minutes? serving the right to object, my point is me through this. You are asking me to Mr. President, first, I say that if this that under the unanimous consent re- vote in a couple of minutes on a 12- or amendment is adopted, I want to make quest a pending amendment cannot be 15-page amendment that is very impor- it clear, given the concerns raised by a second-degree amendment unless tant. This is a significant amendment. the Senator from Connecticut, which I there is a tabling motion. If there is a It seems to me that we ought to take think are legitimate, that we have tabling motion, and that does not pre- a little time either to get this right or agreed on working together to work vail, then that amendment is subject not. But if you are going to rush this out a technical amendment package to amendment. thing through without any expla- that is agreeable to all of us. Mr. DOMENICI. I assume we are nation, I say to colleagues who want We have an agreement as to the con- going to do that right now. Are you to, come over here to see an amend- cept of the amendment, and we will going to try to table it? You are going ment insert that I can’t find. make sure that if the amendment is to lose. We ought to vote to table it, or take added to the bill it reflects our agree- Mr. DODD. It can be done in a num- a little time and then sort this out so ment. Without that, I certainly agree ber of different ways: withhold and lay at least Members know what they are with the Senator from Connecticut the amendment aside; then bring up a voting on. But to vote on this right that there will be problems. Republican amendment after the recess now under these circumstances would There needs to be changes, and there lunches and work on this amendment; be a travesty. It is not the way to pro- needs to be some time to evaluate and or vote on this amendment; or have a ceed. make the changes.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3979 I thank everyone for all the hard Mr. FEINGOLD. Let me conclude and McConnell Sarbanes Stevens work that was put into this. It is a say it is essential that those who are a Miller Schumer Thomas Murkowski Sessions Thurmond very complicated issue. Senators have part of adding these items and these Nelson (FL) Shelby Torricelli very strong feelings on it. Ever since new considerations to the bill be part Nelson (NE) Smith (NH) Voinovich the Buckley case held that Congress of the solution, which is to pass this Nickles Smith (OR) Warner Roberts Snowe cannot restrict a candidate’s spending legislation without too many amend- Santorum Specter of his or her own personal wealth, we ments that would actually undercut its NAYS—30 have struggled and struggled with how ability to get through this body and be to handle the situation where can- Akaka Dorgan Lincoln a good piece of public policy. Bayh Edwards Mikulski didates have such disparate, unequal Mr. President, I yield the floor. Biden Fitzgerald Murray personal fortunes. Understandably, Mr. LEVIN addressed the Chair. Bingaman Graham Reed there is a great concern among Mem- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Byrd Hagel Reid bers of this body about the possibility Cantwell Inouye Rockefeller ator’s time has expired. Carper Johnson Stabenow of facing a very wealthy challenger. The other side has time. Daschle Kennedy Thompson Many of us have had that experience, Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I ask Dayton Leahy Wellstone Dodd Lieberman Wyden including myself. To the extent that an for the yeas and nays on the amend- incumbent Senator is wealthy, it is ment. The amendment (No. 115) was agreed very difficult to find a viable chal- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a to. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I lenger. sufficient second? The amendment offered by Senator move to reconsider the vote. There is a sufficient second. DOMENICI yesterday was certainly well Mr. DOMENICI. I move to lay that intentioned, but it had at least two sig- The yeas and nays were ordered. motion on the table. nificant flaws. First, it allowed can- Mr. DODD. I will be glad to yield to The motion to lay on the table was didates who faced a wealthy candidate my colleague from Michigan. agreed to. to raise unlimited funds from their Mr. LEVIN. I want to ask the Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under contributors under increased limits. It ator from Wisconsin a question. Would the previous order, the hour of 12:30 even permitted, in my view, a very se- the Senator be open to a question? p.m. having arrived—— rious problem. It even permitted par- This amendment will create a less Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, ties to pump unlimited funds into a level playing field in one area; that is, may I make one brief announcement? race based on a situation where some- when the incumbent has the large cam- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- body would put over $1 million of their paign fund, say, of $5 million, and the ator from Kentucky. own money into a race. challenger then puts in $1 million of Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, the Secondly, it did not recognize the ob- his own, this opens it up to the incum- next amendment will be offered on the vious fact that $500,000 of personal bent to have the higher contribution Republican side. I had indicated to my spending in Maine is much more sig- limits, which is a tremendous advan- colleague, Senator DODD, it will be ei- nificant than $500,000 of personal spend- tage, on top of the incumbency advan- ther in the area of soft money or an ing in a State such as California or tage. amendment concerning lobbyists. We New York. Is the Senator from Wisconsin com- are going to work that out during I am pleased that we have addressed mitted to an amendment which would lunch. It will be laid down at 2:15 p.m. both of these problems in this com- try to correct that deleveling of the Of course, the amendment will be laid promise. I am not happy with the idea playing field that is created by this down at the beginning. We will not that we are raising individual limits in amendment? have the confusion that surrounded the this way. I believe this sets a dan- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, in an- last amendment, and everyone will be gerous precedent both for the future of swer to the Senator from Michigan, I fully apprised of what is in it. this debate and for future debates, but think that is a problem that should be Mr. DODD. Mr. President, before ad- the amendment is much improved, and addressed. journing, I ask our colleagues, if they in the spirit of compromise, I intend to Mr. DODD. I yield back whatever have amendments on this bill, to get support it. time we have. them to us, and those who are inter- However, this is not an amendment The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time ested in having amendments offered, that I believe is essential to reform. In is yielded back. let us know so we can start to line up fact, I would rather see that we address Mr. DODD. I ask for the yeas and these amendments and make sure all this problem in a different way. But nays on the amendment. interested parties are aware of what this is a process in which we have to The PRESIDING OFFICER. The yeas amendments are coming. It would be show some flexibility. So while I will and nays have already been ordered. very helpful. vote for it, I fully understand that The question is on agreeing to amend- f some very strong supporters of our bill ment No. 115. must vote against it. That is fine. I RECESS The clerk will call the roll. want to assure those who are watching The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under that a vote against this amendment is The legislative clerk called the roll. the previous order, the hour of 12:30 not, to my mind, an antireform vote. The result was announced—yeas 70, p.m. having arrived, the Senate stands I also add that with regard to those nays 30, as follows: in recess until the hour of 2:15 p.m. who have worked so hard on this [Rollcall Vote No. 38 Leg.] Thereupon, at 12:42 p.m., the Senate amendment, especially on the other YEAS—70 recessed until 2:15 p.m.; whereupon, the side of the aisle, if they are successful, Allard Collins Harkin Senate reassembled when called to I hope those Senators will be part of Allen Conrad Hatch order by the Presiding Officer (Mr. our reform effort and will join us as Baucus Corzine Helms INHOFE). Bennett Craig Hollings this process proceeds with the common Bond Crapo Hutchinson AMENDMENT NO. 117 goal of passing—I ask for an additional Boxer DeWine Hutchison Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I send 2 minutes. Breaux Domenici Inhofe an amendment to the desk and I ask Mr. DOMENICI. I ask the Senator, Brownback Durbin Jeffords Bunning Ensign Kerry for its immediate consideration. are you in favor of the amendment or Burns Enzi Kohl The PRESIDING OFFICER. The against the amendment? Campbell Feingold Kyl clerk will report. Mr. FEINGOLD. I am in favor of the Carnahan Feinstein Landrieu The assistant legislative clerk read Chafee Frist Levin as follows: amendment. Cleland Gramm Lott Mr. DOMENICI. Thank you very Clinton Grassley Lugar The Senator from Utah [Mr. BENNETT] pro- much. Cochran Gregg McCain poses an amendment numbered 117.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3980 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I ask in my career I worked for the late and Mr. President, you and I and every unanimous consent reading of the legendary Howard Hughes. Mr. Hughes, other person who is in this body knows amendment be dispensed with. or Mr. Hughes’ executives, rather, con- that you don’t raise $2.6 million with- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without stitute the fathers of PACs because in out having any overhead. Indeed, the objection, it is so ordered. California, where Mr. Hughes had his rule of thumb is that you spend a min- The amendment is as follows: operations, they initiated what was at imum of 25 percent of your receipts in (Purpose: To amend the Federal Election the time a whole new idea in politics. raising the money, and sometimes it Campaign Act of 1971 to prohibit separate Mr. Hughes’ executives were tired of can go as high as 45 percent. segregated funds and nonconnected polit- California politicians coming to them If we simply take that kind of rule of ical committees from using soft money to and saying: We want political contribu- thumb and say a third of $2.650 million subsidize hard dollar fundraising) tions. So they said: Let’s do something is $700,000, or $800,000, that means this On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert the following: different. Come to our plant and ad- report is prima facie evidence of an SEC. 305. PROHIBITING SEPARATE SEGREGATED dress our employees, and when you $800,000 soft money contribution to this FUNDS FROM USING SOFT MONEY have finished addressing our employ- PAC by the overhead of the union. It is TO RAISE HARD MONEY. ees, we will pass out envelopes and not just unions. There are businesses Section 316(b)(2)(c) of the Federal Election pledge cards to our employees and they that do it. I will give you some sum- Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b(b)(2)(c)) can pledge money to you or to your op- mary data with respect thereto. is amended by inserting before the period at For example, Bank One had receipts the end the following: ‘‘, except that the ponent, depending on how they re- costs of such establishment, administration, ceived your presentation when they of $2,378,211 on their FEC report, and and solicitation may only be paid from funds were there. they showed operating expenses of that are subject to the limitations, prohibi- To my knowledge—and I can be cor- $259.46. Again, we know that couldn’t tions, and reporting requirements of this rected on this—this was the beginning possibly be true if you take the rule of Act’’. of a political action committee. I can thumb and apply it. It is somewhere, SEC. 306. PROHIBITING CERTAIN POLITICAL remember when I was employed by the once again, between $700,000 and COMMITTEES FROM USING SOFT Hughes organization, every politician $800,000 that it would cost to raise that MONEY TO RAISE HARD MONEY. Section 323 of the Federal Election Cam- in California wanted to take advantage amount of money. This is an effective paign Act of 1971, as added by section 101, is of this opportunity. They all wanted to soft money contribution of between amended by adding at the end the following: come by the Hughes companies, ad- $700,000 and $800,000. ‘‘(f) OTHER POLITICAL COMMITTEES.—A po- dress the Hughes employees, make Let me be clear. Based on my past litical committee described in section their points, and then walk away when history and my voting prospects, I do 301(4)(A) to which this section does not oth- it was over with a single check that not object to Bank One doing that. I do erwise apply (including an entity that is di- represented the aggregate of the com- not object to the soft money that they rectly or indirectly established, financed, contributed. maintained, or controlled by such a political mitments the employees had made to committee) shall not solicit, receive, direct, that particular candidate. But McCain-Feingold, as a bill, does. transfer, or spend funds that are not subject It was considered at the time to be If it passes, I believe it should be con- to the limitations, prohibitions, and report- individual participation in politics at sistent because this soft money con- ing requirements of this Act.’’. its finest, and it became, I believe, the tribution, unlike the others that we Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, this is pattern for the political action com- have heard so much about on the floor, a very simple amendment. It is very mittee that we now have. is not disclosed. This soft money con- short. I hope it is very much to the But it is very different from what we tribution must be devised by the kind point. I refer to it as a consistency now have in that now instead of simply of mathematical analysis I have just amendment; that is, it brings a degree inviting the candidates in and letting applied to it. I could be completely of consistency to McCain-Feingold that them speak to the employees and then wrong. I do not know that it is $700,000 has not been there before. inviting employees to make contribu- to $800,000 that Bank One put into rates I must confess I didn’t read McCain- tions in whatever fashion and whatever raising that much money because it is Feingold all that carefully in previous amount the employees may want to do not disclosed in any way. This is not to debates since I was opposed to it and I it, in today’s political action com- imply any wrongdoing on Bank One’s was convinced it was going to fail. I op- mittee, the organization—be it a union part because the present law does not posed it on constitutional grounds. I or a corporation—goes out and actively require it. They are abiding by the still feel that way about McCain-Fein- raises the funds itself. It doesn’t in- present law in a perfectly legitimate gold, but there is now a prospect that volve the candidate in any way except and proper way. it might pass. That being the case, I when it gets to the point of disbursing The same thing can be said of the think it appropriate we address some the funds. International Brotherhood of Elec- aspects that we perhaps did not look at It has become a major business activ- trical Workers Committee on Political before. ity—I say ‘‘business activity’’—a major Education. The present law does not The fundamental proposition within campaign activity on the part of cor- require them to disclose the amount of McCain-Feingold, as I understand it, is porations and unions. soft money they put into raising the that soft money is evil, soft money The administrative costs of running $2.6 million that they report on their must be banned, soft money leads to this activity are traditionally borne by FEC report. the appearance of corruption, and the corporation and union. In other But if we are going to be consistent, therefore McCain-Feingold is drafted words, this is a soft money contribu- if we are going to say that soft money to eliminate soft money. tion on behalf of the corporation or the is bad, this amendment that I am offer- As we went through McCain-Feingold union which is not disclosed in any ing will close a significant soft money carefully, we discovered it does not way. loophole. It will close the loophole eliminate all soft money. So my Let me share with you some numbers where soft money is currently being amendment, to be consistent, does that come from the summary page of spent by both corporations and unions eliminate all soft money. Let me be reports filed with the Federal Election and is not being disclosed in any way. specific as to that which is not elimi- Commission. I don’t know how controversial this nated under McCain-Feingold and The International Brotherhood of might be. But I offer it because I think would be eliminated under my amend- Electrical Workers Committee on Po- it shines an appropriate spotlight on an ment; that is, the use of soft money to litical Education reported that they aspect of the McCain-Feingold bill that pay the administrative expenses of raised in the calendar year $2,653,257.29. has not been discussed in the past. PACs, or political action committees. That is a high enough figure to get I have no desire to take the full hour I have something of a history with everybody’s attention. What were their and a half. I see that there doesn’t PACs by virtue of the fact at one point operating expenditures? Zero. seem to be a great deal of interest one

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3981 way or the other on this. But I will be I don’t want to fly under any false Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I thank my happy to yield for questions or com- pretense. I am hoping that by the pas- friend. ments by any Member of the Senate sage of my amendment we will not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- who wishes to discuss this amendment. only achieve the intellectual consist- ator from West Virginia. Mr. MCCONNELL. Will the Senator ency I have been discussing with the f yield for a question? Senator from Kentucky, but, quite Mr. BENNETT. Certainly. frankly, it would create some political MILLENNIAL SPRING Mr. MCCONNELL. Is the under- pressure to raise the hard dollar limits Mr. BYRD. In the midst of this very standing of the Senator from Kentucky because I think raising the hard dollar important discussion on a very serious correct that the principle involved in limits is a salutatory thing to do. subject, if we could take just a few the amendment of the Senator from So let there be no mistake that that minutes to call attention to the com- Utah is that if all Federal political par- agenda is in my mind as I offer this ing of spring. ties, and State and local political par- amendment. But nonetheless, I think It used to be that Senators would ties in even numbered years have to op- the amendment has an intellectual sus- take note of these things years ago erate in 100-percent hard dollars, then taining consistency to it because it when I first came here. They would those organizing political action com- takes the position that if, as McCain- talk about Flag Day, Independence mittees which are the possessors of 100 Feingold says, soft money is inherently Day, Easter, the Fourth of July—I al- percent of the hard dollars must raise corrupting, or gives the appearance of ready mentioned that—and the coming their money through 100 percent hard corruption, this is a form of soft money of spring, the coming of summer, the dollars as well? In other words, the ad- that is even more the appearance of coming of fall, the coming of winter, ministrative costs of the parties that corruption because under McCain-Fein- and so on. Those things do not seem to engage in 100-percent hard dollars gold it is, A, allowed and, B, not dis- be of great interest around here any- would also be applied to corporations closed. more. But as one who has been here a and unions. Is that the principle estab- Mr. MCCONNELL. Then as a prac- long time, I still like to hold on to the lished? tical matter, just sort of putting it an- old ways. Mr. BENNETT. The Senator from other way, the treasury funds of unions Percy Bysshe Shelley said: Kentucky is correct. All of us are fa- and corporations cannot be used to un- Oh, Wind, if Winter comes, can Spring be miliar with the requirement to cover derwrite fundraising or administrative far behind? our administrative costs for fund- costs in political action committees? Well, spring is here. I was asked by raising out of the proceeds of that Mr. BENNETT. The Senator from my friend from Nevada, Senator REID, fundraising effort. The Senator is cor- Kentucky is exactly correct. if I might think of a poem that could rect that this amendment would sim- If this amendment passes, treasury ply put PACs on the same course as in- funds in the union, treasury funds in be appropriate for this occasion. I have dividual candidates. A PAC could not the corporation, cannot be used to pay thought a little bit about it, and the raise money with the advantage of soft the expenses of political fundraising in words of William Wordsworth come to dollars any more than a candidate a political action committee that is or- mind. I hope I can remember them. He would. ganized by either the union or the cor- said: The Senator from Kentucky is fur- poration. I wander’d lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er vales and hills, ther correct in that it has an impact on Mr. MCCONNELL. I thank the Sen- When all at once I saw a crowd, what happens at the State party level ator from Utah for the answer. A host of golden daffodils; because I understand now that a State Mr. BENNETT. As I said, the amend- Beside the lake, beneath the trees, party can use soft dollars to do certain ment is very short. It is very straight- Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. kinds of things unconnected with ad- forward. It does not require the kind of Continuous as the stars that shine vertising or direct contributions to complex analysis that went into the And twinkle on the Milky Way, candidates. They would say: No, you amendment of the Senator from New They stretch’d in never-ending line can’t do that if there is a fundraising Mexico, which required an entire Along the margin of a bay: effort. The fundraising expenses must evening to review and rewrite. I think Ten thousand saw I, at a glance, be paid out of the fundraising receipts it is very straightforward. I am not Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. and cannot be solicited in soft dollars. anxious to prolong the debate, but I The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: Mr. MCCONNELL. Is the principle of will, of course, be here to respond to A poet could not but be gay, the Senator from Utah that even any comments anyone might have one In such a jocund company: though he, like the Senator from Ken- way or the other. I gazed—and gazed—but little thought tucky, does not oppose non-Federal Mr. DODD addressed the Chair. What wealth the show to me had brought: money, if such a standard of Federal The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- For oft, when on my couch I lie money only is established for the na- ator from Connecticut. In vacant or in pensive mood, tional political parties, and State and Mr. DODD. Mr. President, at the ap- They flash upon that inward eye local parties in even numbered years, propriate time I am going to make Which is the bliss of solitude; then that same principle should apply some comments about the pending And then my heart with pleasure fills, to everyone participating? amendment. But as has been the cus- And dances with the daffodils. Mr. BENNETT. The Senator from tom over the years, our distinguished Mr. President, today is the first Kentucky is correct. That is exactly former leader, the distinguished senior spring day of the third millennium. We the position I have taken. Senator from West Virginia, makes it a have survived the great change of the In the interest of full disclosure of point, at the change of the seasons in calendar, and the world did not end. We motive, I know there is some conversa- our country, to remind us of the impor- endured the buffeting of a winter of un- tion on this floor about raising the lim- tance of transition, hope, and promise. certainty, with skyrocketing fuel its for hard dollar solicitations. I am In the midst of this debate, I would bills—and we are still very much en- solidly and strongly in favor of raising like to yield whatever time the Sen- gaged in that matter—threats of the limits on hard dollar solicitations. ator from West Virginia may need for nor’easters—I wonder why these tele- I recognize if this loophole for soft dol- some remarks that do not pertain di- vision people always say ‘‘nor’easters.’’ lars—as I have pointed out—is, in fact, rectly to this amendment but do per- They just are trying to join in the spir- closed it will increase the pressure tain to the spirit in which this body it of things, I suppose. But I still call when we get to the appropriate amend- ought to consider legislation in any them northeasters—threats of ment to raise the hard dollar limit be- season. nor’easters and even earthquakes now cause it will shut off one significant So with that, Mr. President, I yield behind us. source of soft dollar contributions that whatever time the senior Senator from The NASDAQ, the New York Stock is currently in the bill. West Virginia may need. Exchange, the Dow, the S&P 500—all

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3982 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 have been on a roller coaster ride of endar to tell me that the vernal equi- us rejoice—my dear friend, Senator short heights followed by heart-stop- nox heralding the official arrival of MCCAIN, and Senator DODD, an equally ping plunges. The uncertainties of last spring is at hand. dear and trusted friend—let us rejoice year’s Presidential election have be- In the rejuvenating warmth of the in the new growth and in the growing come a comedic staple of dimpled, spring sun, the dot.com die-off no strength of the brightening sun. Let us pregnant, and hanging chads, the longer looms as threateningly as the take up with patience the gardener’s punch lines obscuring the gravity of extinction of the dinosaurs. It is pos- hoe and weed the row before us. Our ensuring the stable transition of gov- sible to view the stock market correc- diligence and care now will bring us re- ernment power. But today, it is tion—I say to my dear friend from Con- wards later. Let us savor the moment spring—it may not be the first spring necticut, Senator DODD—with equi- and rejoice in the first day of spring. day, but it is the first day of spring— librium, if not with enthusiasm. We Who knows whether we shall see an- and it is a good time to pause, and take have made it through another winter, a other, so let us rejoice in this one. I a deep breath—ah—and savor the mo- winter of our discontent, to paraphrase close with the words of the poet Robert ment. Shakespeare. The great Bard also Browning that have always captured The change of seasons is a reassuring said—and truly—‘‘Daffodils, that come for me the spirit of this time of year: constant in our lives. The slow swing of before the swallow dares, and take the The year’s at the Spring, the celestial clock chimes in close har- winds of March with beauty.’’ With the And the day’s at the morn; mony with our deepest nature. It is as daffodils, hope also blossoms. Morning’s at seven; deep and calm as our own mother’s, Mr. President, I hope for a spring of The hillside’s dew-pearled; keeping time with the lullabies she millennial proportions—a spring of re- The lark’s on the wing; used to lull us to sleep with, as infants. newed vigor and energy in this nation The snail’s on the thorn: to tackle the challenges ahead. I hope God’s in his Heaven— Today, the peals ring in the spring. All’s right with the world! Across the country, warm days call for new growth in our economy. Over us forth, out of our stale houses, away the past weeks, the Senate has been de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- from our rumpled, dormant winter hi- bating the budget and tax cuts. It has ator from Connecticut. bernations in front of yammering, been a difficult task, made more so by Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I thank yakking television sets. As we rake the the lack of detail provided by the ad- our distinguished colleague from West drifts of dead leaves from the sheltered ministration. The size of the tax cut Virginia. In the midst of a debate on corners where they have gathered, we promise has been clear, but the spend- campaign finance reform, this was a stir up the sweet perfume—ah, the ing plans to accompany it have been needed respite from the minutia of sweet perfume—of the awakening vague. The administration is asking us fundraising, attempts to modify the earth. Under the cold brown coverlet of to trade our cow for a handful of magic present system. His words of eloquence dirt, spring’s life-force is beginning to beans but, unlike Jack in the fable, I are always welcome in this body but stir. The dainty crocus sparkle amid am not so sure that this fairy tale will never more so than in the midst of the the straw colored remains of last year’s end well. It may be that the giant debate today. lush lawn. comes crashing down on us in the form I appreciate his quoting of Robert I was commenting to my wife Erma of large future deficits. After all, these Burns and Browning and Wordsworth, about those crocuses outside, just be- projected surpluses are based upon pro- but listening to him describe the ar- side the front porch of our house. jections of economic growth that have rival of spring and the departure of Gaudy daffodils, about which Words- not, and may not, materialize. winter is poetic in itself. I can see one worth wrote, reward the early bum- Every good gardener knows, espe- day people quoting ROBERT C. BYRD, blebee. Young squirrels are chasing— cially in springtime, that garden plans the poet, when they welcome the and they like peanuts. I have several made in the glow of a winter’s fireside spring at some future year. squirrels at my humble cottage in do not always pan out when faced with Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, I thank my McLean, and each night I take a hand- the vagaries of late frosts, early distinguished friend for his overly gra- ful of peanuts and put them under a droughts, or insect infestations. In- cious comments. table there just outside the door that deed, one fierce storm can lay low all The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- goes out into my backyard. Those of one’s efforts in a single blow. A wise ator from Arizona. squirrels, by the time I rise in the gardener dreams big but takes care of Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I thank morning, by the time I have a chance the basics first. He builds rich soil, Senator BYRD for his annual admoni- to take my little dog Billy Byrd out for clears it, weeds it well, plants strong tion to all of us to conduct ourselves in a walk, sneak away, taking those pea- seedlings, and tends to them carefully. a way that reflects the dignity and nuts from underneath the table. Then I Patience and a long viewpoint are the comity of this institution and reminds will, a little later, open the door, and watchwords. On the national economic us of the transience of all this and the there are two, three, four, five, or six level, that means paying down the debt importance of friendships and relation- squirrels, and I toss them out a handful and maintaining the economic infra- ships that are established in this very of peanuts. structure that is the soil for our cur- unique organization. Those young squirrels are chasing rent and future economic growth. Just There is a time for us to pause and each other up and down and around as a garden needs hoses to carry water reflect. There is no one in this body tree trunks in a three-ring circus dis- and flats in which to tend seedlings, so who gives us a more enlightening op- play of acrobatics. Talk about acro- the nation needs transportation net- portunity than the distinguished Sen- batics, they can put on a show. Al- works to carry commerce and schools ator from West Virginia. ready, the first robins have returned, in which to nurture and teach our chil- So I thank Senator BYRD. And I also and birds are warbling their finest dren. Then as prosperity blossoms can admire the vest he is wearing today as arias in between the labors of nest some blooms be harvested in the form well. I thank the Senator and I will building. The turquoise skies of au- of targeted tax cuts, leaving most of speak on the pending amendment. tumn faded to the pale aquamarine of the plant intact to set seeds and pre- f winter, but now glow as vibrantly as a pare for the coming winter. But one star sapphire. certainly does not pull up the entire BIPARTISAN CAMPAIGN REFORM ACT OF 2001—Continued Again rejoicing Nature sees plant at the first sign of fruit! That is Her robe assume its vernal hues, short-sighted and imprudent. It leaves Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, it is Her leafy locks wave in the breeze, nothing to carry the family through kind of obvious what the strategy is All freshly steep’d in morning dews. the winter that will surely come. that is going to be employed here, and So wrote the poet Robert Burns. With But now, Mr. President, it is spring- that is to sort of love this legislation all these signals, I do not need a cal- time and everything feels possible. Let to death. In other words, let’s not leave

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3983 any stone unturned; let’s make sure basis? Well, what we need, obviously, is over again, we can hear arguments just this is a perfect bill, and anything less a new arm of the IRS, or the FEC, or like that. And because of the fragility than that is not acceptable. So let’s maybe a new organization that we of campaign finance reform, because it have a series of amendments, which I could call the ‘‘PAC police,’’ who say, has taken so long for it to come here, certainly admit are very clever, includ- aha, you spent 2 hours today, and that, because it is not easy for people to re- ing this one. at your hourly salary, is so much form themselves, which is basically I want to point out that this bill money, and that has to come from hard what we are doing, any one of those ar- says, basically, ‘‘except that the cost of money donations. Clearly, my friends, guments, those trees, could end up ru- such establishment, administration, this is not an amendment that would ining the whole forest. and solicitation may only be paid from have an effect that we could ever en- The other way to look at this is as a funds that are subject to the limita- force, that we could ever make a rea- forest, Mr. President. Our system is tions.’’ In other words, only hard dol- sonable kind of a thing. Obviously, it simply a mess. I say this to my col- lars can pay for a political action com- would have some debilitating effects on leagues on my side of the aisle particu- mittee’s establishment, administra- PACs. larly but to everybody here as well: We tion, and solicitation. The authors of this amendment could believe in Government. We don’t be- Well, Mr. President, we try to help not really understand too well how po- lieve Government is an enemy. We be- PACs. We try to help political action litical action committees—particularly lieve Government is something to do committees because they provide us, the small ones—operate, and think good, to improve the lives of people. generally speaking, with small dona- somehow that we could assess the costs We believe it is basically a necessity. tions that are an expression of small and then take that out of hard money And this system of finance so erodes individuals’ involvement, as opposed to and put it into some kind of payment confidence in this Government that we the so-called soft money, which we are or payback. have all dedicated our lives to seeing trying to attack. So we have tried to, So I have to oppose this amendment. that something has to change. in the past, make it as easy as possible I think it is not workable. I don’t think The forest is the right argument for political action committees to it is logical or reasonable to do so. The here—looking from 10,000 feet at the function, rather than make it difficult. Senator from Utah mentioned the fact landscape is far more important than Also, the Senator from Utah inter- that this is soft money and that we are looking from 100 feet above the land- scape on this issue. It may not be true prets this as some way to put pressure banning all soft money. Well, as the of all issues, but it is true of this one. on to increase hard money limits. Hard Senator from Utah knows because he So if I had a plea to make to my col- money limits will be debated, and I am mentioned that he read the bill, we leagues, who I know are torn on this confident, to some degree, that hard don’t ban soft money in a lot of areas bill, who I know are ambivalent about money limits will be raised. But here is such as for State parties, or we don’t whether this provision or that provi- the situation: We have a company, a ban soft money in some other areas. sion not only affects them—those who corporation, in Salt Lake City, UT, and But we certainly are banning soft write and say, well, they are just inter- it has a PAC. Where is the office of money for the use in Federal cam- ested in their own survival, hegemony, that PAC? Generally speaking, they paigns. that is really not fair because we all don’t go out and rent a building or a So I have to oppose the amendment. live with this system. We all have ideas home or something. They set up a PAC I hope that my colleagues will under- about it, like a carpenter would have in one of the offices in their building. stand that this amendment is not an better ideas about how to carve a Usually, the person who administers acceptable one. chair, or a doctor might come and tell The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- that PAC—it is not their sole job. It is us how to design a better medical sys- ator from Connecticut is recognized. something that they many times do on tem. I say to my colleagues who do Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I yield 15 a voluntary basis and many times with care about this Government, and we minutes to my good friend and col- small compensation for their time, and have devoted our lives to it, that if league from the State of New York, Mr. they are located usually in the build- there were a watchword for this debate, SCHUMER. ing. That is generally the way PACs it would be a simple one: Do not let the Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I are administered. So how do you get perfect be the enemy of the good be- thank the Senator from Connecticut money for your PAC? You probably put cause if there was ever a place where for yielding. I thank all of my col- it in the company newsletter, where the perfect or the desire to attain per- leagues—the Senator from Kentucky you say, ‘‘All employees who want to fection could kill the good that would and the Senator from Connecticut for contribute to Acme PAC, please do so,’’ come about, it is in campaign finance and then that money comes in and the leading this debate, as well as, of reform. That is what we have seen over individual puts it in their account, et course, my colleagues from Arizona and over. cetera. and Wisconsin for their leadership on I know there are some, such as my How do you assess the cost of that? this issue, which is something I believe colleague, my friend from Kentucky, Who pays for that? The CEO, probably in, as they do. who are just opposed to this bill in on an annual basis, calls the senior As we go through this debate on cam- broad concept. He believes it violates managers together and says: I want all paign finance reform, I guess there are the first amendment, and he has put you guys and women to contribute to two ways to look at it. They are the his money where his mouth is and his our political action committee. It is larger picture and the smaller pic- courage in supporting the amendment that time of year. We are in an election ture—the forest or the trees. When you against burning of the flag. So I do not year and we want to support good old look at the trees, it is awfully difficult begrudge his point of view; I disagree BOB BENNETT. He has always been a to come up with a perfect bill. I think with it. We are not going to win him friend of business. every one of us has found numerous ob- over. What is that worth? How do you as- jections to any proposal that is made. The worry I have is with many of my sess the cost of that good friend of Sen- None of them works perfectly. None of colleagues who are unsure, who look at ator BENNETT’s soliciting money for his them is without flaws. Much of what one imperfection or another in this bill political action committee so he can we will talk about today and over the and let it be, let those imperfections support him? Does a notice of contribu- next two weeks will be in discussion of prevent us from moving forward at all, tions in an internal newsletter have a those trees: It will be better to do as move forward we must. value? What is the value in a news- something this way or there is an in- When the Founding Fathers put to- letter? equity when ‘‘A’’ is put slightly dis- gether our Government and when you What about the electricity costs of advantaged to ‘‘B.’’ I can figure out a read the Federalist Papers and some of the office that houses the PAC of the scheme that will work for my State the commentaries, the thing they prob- employee who does it on a part-time better than the present one. Over and ably worried more about than anything

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 else, even more than the overarching the big picture, keep their eye on the the solution there. He was part of the power of a central government, was the problem we face and make sure we pass effort to get through a similar bill in apathy of the citizens, the lack of in- McCain-Feingold because it is so im- the House where people did see the for- volvement by the citizens. They won- portant to rejuvenating the democracy est for the trees, exactly the point the dered if people would put themselves we have. Senator from New York is making. forward for public office, and they won- There is one final point I will make There are so many amendments that dered if people would participate in a on an issue I will be speaking a lot are attractive to us, including many government where they had control. about the following week, which is the provisions that Senator MCCAIN and I For quite a while, in the flush of de- Hagel amendment and soft money. have offered in the past, having to do mocracy and with so many of the early I have seen, during the brief time I with free television time, having to do issues, those worries subsided, but have run for higher office, how dra- with other improvements in the system since World War II, they have come matically this has changed, not only that many of us would like to see. We back at us larger than ever in the his- the amount of soft money but the re- have to keep our eye on the ball, as the tory of our country. strictions on soft money. It is such Senator from New York has suggested. The percentage of people who vote, that in the 2000 elections, one could do I don’t know if he is a Mets or Yankees the percentage of people who regard virtually the same thing with soft fan. the Government with only cynicism, money as one could with hard money. Mr. SCHUMER. Yankees. the percentage of people who believe Yes, there may be a little sentence put Mr. FEINGOLD. Yankees. they do not have any power, even the in the commercial that says, ‘‘Call up Keeping the eye on the ball is the brief antidote of the Florida election so and so,’’ or even some words that are final goal and the central issue. I am has not stemmed that tide. put at the bottom of the ad that can grateful after all these years of the One of the main reasons people have hardly be seen, but the bottom line is frustrating process of coming to the that apathy, that cynicism which is so that the ability to spend soft money on floor and having a few speeches and a corrosive to democracy, is the way we virtually everything has made a mock- cloture vote and having to shut it finance our campaigns. They know ery of the original law we passed in the down, we can have a Senator from New they cannot write out large checks, seventies. York talk about something real, about a process that can have an end and ac- and they believe, rightly or wrongly, The Hagel amendment, which will tually work. It will require the kind of that those who can have far more allow lots of soft money to continue to unity and discipline of reformers on weight than they do. I think most of us cascade into our system, is, in my both sides of the aisle that has been in this body have to say certainly that judgment, a killer amendment. It is a demonstrated in the other body on a appearance is there, even for those who killer amendment not simply because of what it means for McCain-Feingold number of occasions. do not agree that the reality is there. My hat is off to the Senator from We are here really not just to fix a in terms of how many votes it has, but it is a killer amendment in the sense New York, but also the reformers in system, not just to tinker and say we the other body, particularly Represent- can make it a little better here, a little that the whole idea behind McCain- Feingold—which is to limit the influ- atives SHAYS and MEEHAN, who have better there, not just to smooth off the shown the way. Now it is up to the Sen- surface; we are here in an attempt to ence of large contributions—would be thrown out the window. ate to do what the Senator from New revitalize our sacred democracy. When it comes to the Hagel amend- York suggested. There will be attrac- I say to my colleagues, that is what ment—and he is a good friend of mine tive amendments on aspects of public is at stake, no less. If we pass up the and I respect completely his sincerity financing which I would like to see opportunity to pass a bill, if each of us in offering this amendment—but when that could upset the balance we have. has to have his or her own way and say, it comes to the Hagel amendment, we There will be poison pill amendments I want it my way or no way, we are not would end up being a little bit preg- to try to embarrass one particular se- just changing the balance of power be- nant and that just does not work. ries of interests such as unions, to try tween the parties or how this candidate I thank my colleagues for their ef- to kill the bill, and then there will be or that candidate might run in a new forts. I say to my friend from Wis- so-called alternatives, as the Senator election. We are passing up an oppor- consin, he has done a marvelous job on from New York has suggested—in par- tunity to stem the tide of negativity our side. I say to, again, my friend ticular, the Hagel alternative offered toward our Government which at least, from Connecticut that he, too, has led by a colleague we all respect—which is, it seems to me, is probably the greatest the early hours of this debate ex- in fact, worse for the current system problem this Government faces as we tremely well and extremely fairly, and because it will put the stamp of ap- move into the 21st century. that also goes for the Senator from proval on the soft money system once I urge my colleagues to summon Kentucky. and for all. forth and see the big picture. I urge my I hope in this body we can debate the I think the Senator from New York is colleagues to not get mired in every issue as seriously as we can, and then right. I don’t think we will ever be able single detail because there is no perfect my sincere hope is that at the end of to change it if we adopt that kind of system. There is certainly no perfect the day, we emerge with the same basic amendment. I am grateful to him for system with Buckley v. Valeo as the su- bill that the Senator from Arizona and his work in the House, especially grate- preme law of the land, and there is the Senator from Wisconsin intro- ful to him for his work with a small probably no perfect system without duced. group of Members who have been work- Buckley v. Valeo as well. We are not I yield back whatever time remains ing on this for over a year, and particu- going to achieve perfection, and none to me. larly grateful for his leadership that of us is going to be 100 percent or even The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. has started today and will continue 90 percent happy with the bill, but the CRAPO). The Senator from Wisconsin. through this process of pointing out alternative, which is we do nothing— Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I that the Hagel alternative is, frankly, this is our last chance, that is for thank the Senator from New York. His worse than no bill at all. My thanks, sure—the alternative of doing nothing comments are among the most impor- again, to the Senator from New York and allowing the mistrust to continue, tant comments that have been made so for his leadership and his commitment the alternative of throwing up our far in this debate and, frankly, on any to this issue. hands, which is what the public will other debate we have had on campaign The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- think, in deadlock and not reforming is finance reform in the last 6 years. That ator from Utah. too great a danger and too foreboding is because he has identified the real Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I en- to the Republic to entertain. issue. joyed listening to the Senator from I urge my colleagues, again, to keep When the Senator from New York New York and will respond in a mo- their eye on the ball, keep their eye on was in the other body, he was part of ment. We are on my amendment so I

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3985 would like to talk about the details of poraries, because he was short. That authored you were free to speak in my amendment. Before I do, the Sen- seemed to be the kind of nickname whatever way you wanted. You could ator from Arizona gave an example of that stuck with him. I make this inter- be like Washington and buy rum punch volunteer activity, all of which is cur- esting point about Madison before I go and ginger cakes, if that is what it rently exempted under Federal law and on. This comes from an article on took to get the voters to listen to you; which would continue to be exempted money and politics that was printed in or you could run an ad. You could print under Federal law. the Wilson Quarterly in the summer of a pamphlet. That is what Hamilton and My amendment goes to organizations 1797. Reference has been made to the Jay and I did. We went out and raised such as those we have all seen in the Founding Fathers. The Founding Fa- money and printed our own pamphlets field where there are a number of paid thers were geniuses, the Founding Fa- and circulated them. Maybe you have employees devoted full time to PAC ac- thers gave us an incredible legacy, but seen them. tivities, occupying dedicated facilities the Founding Fathers were also very Madison’s friend up there in the press that can be easily identified, running practical politicians or they wouldn’t gallery might say: Yes, I have seen up travel expenses that are clearly have been in the positions where they them. billed to that activity. There would be were. We call them the Federalist Papers no difficulty on the part of the cost ac- Quoting from the Wilson Quarterly: today. But we must remember that countant, be it in a union or a corpora- George Washington spent about 25 pounds when they were written, they cost tion, to identify that kind of PAC ac- apiece on two elections for the House of Bur- money. Madison could not have spoken tivity. There is no question that the gesses, 39 pounds on another, and nearly 50 if he had not raised and spent some sort of informal activity of people talk- pounds on a fourth, which was many times money. Money was speech all the way ing in the workforce, saying they want the going price for a house or a plot of land. back in James Madison’s time. to support Senator BENNETT or Senator Going back to the debate we had with As James Madison sits there in the MCCAIN, does go on, is voluntary, is the amendment of the Senator from gallery, and he hears the details of completely exempted from all law now, New Mexico, George Washington was a McCain-Feingold, James Madison says: and would continue to be exempted. My wealthy man, trying to buy his elec- Wait a minute. You are telling me that amendment would not apply to that. tion, if we use today’s rhetoric. there will be limits on how Americans I also point out McCain-Feingold has Washington’s electioneering expenses can participate in the political proc- some of the same aspects of how to an- included the usual rum punch, cookies ess? ticipate time because, as currently and ginger cakes, money for the poll Yes. There will be limits. drafted, in Federal election years, watcher who record the votes, and even James Madison asks: Who is in McCain-Feingold requires State, dis- one election eve ball, complete with charge of this outrageous idea? trict, and local parties to use 100-per- fiddler. You see the handsome young fellow cent federally regulated hard dollars Now it talks about James Madison from Madison, named after you, from for the entire salary of any State, dis- and money: Wisconsin, his name is RUSS FEINGOLD. trict, or local party committee em- James Madison considered the ‘‘corrupting He has been pushing for this. ployees who spend 25 percent or more influence of spiritous liquors and other James Madison says: I must do some- of his or her time in a single month in treats’’ ‘‘inconsistent with the purity of thing about this. I must express my moral and Republican principles.’’ But Vir- any of the above-mentioned Federal opinion with respect to Senator FEIN- ginians, the future president discovered, did election activities. If it will be dif- not want ‘‘a more chaste mode of conducting GOLD. ficult, as the Senator from Arizona de- elections.’’ Putting him down as prideful and He snaps a finger and gets his part- scribed, to figure out what constitutes cheap, the voters rejected his candidacy for ner, Alexander Hamilton, to join him. volunteer activity on behalf of a PAC the Virginia House of Delegates in 1777. He says: Alexander, look what is hap- and what constitutes activity that Leaders were supposed to be generous gentle- pening. There is that fellow down there should be reimbursed out of the hard men. from Wisconsin. He comes from a town dollar profits of the PAC, it will be Madison’s attempt at purity, though named after me. He is trying to limit equally difficult, if not more so, for futile, signified the changing ideolog- Americans’ ability to speak in politics. some Federal official to determine ical climate. Madison obviously What do we do about it? what constitutes 25 percent or more of learned elections cost money, even in Alexander Hamilton says: You do an individual’s time in a single month the days of the Founding Fathers. whatever you always do when you want on a particular Federal activity. There The one thing that Madison guaran- to make a statement. You write a let- will be hairsplitting in that regard that teed would happen in every election ter to the New York Times. will go further than the hairsplitting was that there would be complete free- James Madison says: Great, Alex- to which the Senator from Arizona ob- dom of expression at every place and at ander, let’s do that. jected as he made his comments about every point. Alexander Hamilton and James Madi- my amendment. Since this is the 250th anniversary of son sit down and write a letter to the Let me respond in a different way to Madison’s birth, may I, with the sus- New York Times protesting the activi- the comments of the Senator from New pension of belief, resurrect James ties of Senator FEINGOLD. York when he said we should look at Madison and place him in the gallery, The editor of the New York Times the forest. I agree with him absolutely. if you will, in the press gallery, be- says: We are not going to run it. We should look at the forest. I have cause James Madison has a history of Madison says: Well, Alexander, you tried to do that in all of my activity being an author and a journalist, being certainly lost your cachet. There was a with respect to campaign finance re- the author of much of the Federalist time when anything you said in New form since I first came here in 1993. Papers. Let us have Madison up there, York automatically was run in any The forest I look at, that must be listening to this debate. Now, he would newspaper. What do we do? preserved and protected—indeed, that turn to one of his friends in the press Alexander Hamilton says: Well, we which I have taken an oath to preserve gallery to have him explain terms that are going to have to buy an ad in the and protect—is the Constitution of the would be unfamiliar to him. He would New York Times. That way they can- United States. I do not want to be part say: What is hard money? What is soft not censor our speech. Money is re- of a Congress that dilutes the freedoms money? What is the difference? quired. How much money do you have, that are outlined in the Constitution of What is it used for? He would have little Jimmy? the United States and, specifically, the explained too much hard money is this Madison puts his hands in his pocket, first amendment thereto. and soft money is that. He might have and he pulls out whatever money he We are in the 250th anniversary of a little trouble understanding the dif- brought with him from the 18th cen- the birth of James Madison, little ference because he would say: Wait a tury. And he says: Ready cash, I have Jimmy, as he was called by his contem- minute. In the first amendment that I $7.23. How about you, Alexander?

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3986 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Alexander Hamilton says: Don’t get money—the people who own the news- makes a lot of sense. Why don’t you into the issue of money. I don’t want to papers, the people who own the tele- start voluntarily disclosing within 48 talk about the blackmail payments I vision station, and people named Turn- hours right now? If you are such a have been making. It is a very sore po- er who own networks. They have com- great campaign finance reformer, why litical point. I can’t help you. But plete freedom of speech because they don’t you do that immediately? maybe the amount of money you have have enough money. And it has taken I say: You know, there was one can- will do the job. almost 250 years for me to accumulate didate for President who did that. So they call the New York Times and enough. But I, Benjamin Franklin, It is a very interesting thing to do. I say: How much is the full page ad in have enough that I can buy their news- recommend it to all of you in your the New York Times? paper. And then I can run an editorial town meetings. The New York Times says $104,000. attacking Senator FEINGOLD every day I say: There was one candidate for I have $7.23. I can’t speak unless I of the week, if I so choose. President who did, in fact, disclose raise some money. Who do we know At that point, there are absolutely no every one of his donors within 48 hours. that knows how to raise money? limits on any speech. But you, James Question: Do you know who it was? Snap of the finger and Benjamin Madison and Alexander Hamilton, I did this to a group of political Franklin appears. there are limits on your speech placed science students the other day. Benjamin, you were one of America’s there by McCain-Feingold saying that The first answer I got back was good businessmen. He said: Yes. And I there will be no political speech from Ralph Nader. put mine in a CD that has been accu- you during the 60 days before the elec- I said: No, Ralph Nader did not do it. mulating interest ever since I died in tion. Then someone answered: Well then, the 1700s, and I have enough for an ad We come back to reality. James was it JOHN MCCAIN? in the New York Times. But let me be Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and I said: No, it was not JOHN MCCAIN. practical with you. Not only am I a Benjamin Franklin are not available as Then someone answered: Gee, Al practical businessman, but I recognize witnesses in this particular debate, Gore? that most of the people in Madison, WI, even though I called them up rhetori- I said: No. The candidate who did it don’t read the New York Times. That cally. But I am moved to do that by is now sitting in the White House. His is going to come as a great shock to the comment of the Senator from New name is George W. Bush. He got little you, Alexander Hamilton. You think York who says we must look at the for- or no credit for doing it from those who the whole world reads the newspapers est and we must protect the big pic- sit in the press gallery because they do in New York. The fact is, if we are ture. The big picture, as we are debat- not want to admit that he was on to a going to have an influence by running ing McCain-Feingold, has to do with good idea—in my opinion, a better idea our ad, we are going to do it in Madi- freedom of speech. It has to do with ro- than the bill we are debating. son, WI. bust debate of the American economy. None of this has had anything to do They contact the Madison, WI, paper, It does not have to do with getting with my amendment, and I recognize and find out that the cost of a full-page money out of politics because the re- that. But none of the debate on the ad is 10 percent of the cost of the New ality in the big picture is that we never other side has had anything to do with York Times; $14,000 on a Sunday gets have had money out of politics, start- my amendment either. And, if I may, if you a full-page ad in the newspaper in ing with George Washington and his the Senator from West Virginia can Madison, WI. rum punch and his ginger cakes. And talk about spring, I hope the Senator Let’s do it. we never will have money out of poli- from Utah can talk about the Constitu- But while they are debating, while tics. Somebody will find a way to do it. tion. I am a cosponsor with Senator ALLEN they are doing this— again we are com- I remain ready to answer any ques- who has offered the Virginia Plan. I am pressing time—McCain-Feingold passes tions about my amendment or respond not sure it is going to be offered on this and is the law of the land, and it is to anything about my amendment. floor. But it is offered in the arena of within 60 days of the election of the But, so far, there has been little or no public opinion. I hope it gets offered. Senator from Wisconsin. Historians will recognize that the debate about it. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, Virginia Plan was James Madison’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- and Benjamin Franklin walk into the plan for the Constitution. ator from Kentucky. newspaper and say: We want to buy an What is the Virginia Plan for cam- Mr. MCCONNELL. Does the Senator ad urging people to vote against Sen- paign finance reform? Two sentences. from Utah yield the floor? ator FEINGOLD. The first one, worthy of James Madi- Mr. BENNETT. Yes. The editor of the newspaper says: In son, says: No American, any provision Mr. MCCONNELL. I congratulate the the name of campaign finance reform, of law to the contrary notwith- Senator from Utah for a brilliant dis- we will not permit you to buy that ad. standing, shall be prohibited from ex- course on the importance of the first We will not permit you to express your pressing himself or herself in any way amendment through the course of the opinion about Senator FEINGOLD or any in any arena or any contribution to debate and in all of our discussions on other candidate. We will forbid you any party or any candidate. campaign finance reform. He has made from speaking. That sounds like first amendment it so clear and understandable for all of As they turn to walk from the edi- language to me. That sounds like our Members. I congratulate him for tor’s office, with Madison and Ham- James Madison language about which his contribution. ilton disconsolate about the fact they he would be very comfortable. With regard to his amendment, I am cannot speak their mind, Benjamin Then the second one, recognizing told we will be prepared on both sides Franklin says: I can fix it. where we are in technology, says—I am to vote at 4 o’clock. I will enter that How can you fix it, Benjamin? He not quoting the legal language, just consent in a moment. says: I told you I put my money in a the effect of it—every one of those do- But let me say, with regard the Sen- CD, and it has been accumulating in- nations will be in the modern world ator BENNETT’s amendment—— terest ever since the 1700s. I have disclosed, using the technology that is Mr. REID. Why don’t we do that con- enough to buy the newspaper. I don’t available to us. sent request now? have to buy the ad. I have enough to This means in all probability, 48 Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I buy the paper. Once we own the paper, hours, and it is on the Internet for ev- ask unanimous consent that a vote on then we will have unlimited free polit- erybody to see. Forty-eight hours, and the Bennett amendment occur at 4 ical speech because, you see, the im- electronically the contribution is o’clock. pact of McCain-Feingold means the there. That is the Virginia plan. Mr. REID. A vote on or in relation to. people who have the most speech are When I discuss this with people out- Mr. MCCONNELL. It is my under- the people who truly have the most side the Senate, they all say: Gee, that standing, talking to the Senator from

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3987 Nevada, it was going to be an up-or- I have never been in a leadership posi- expenditures which the Senator from down vote. tion. But I understand that it is, in- Utah would require to be paid for out Mr. REID. I do not know of anyone deed, easy to do; and it is done only of hard dollars has explicitly been ex- who wishes otherwise. I think it will be with hard money. There does not seem cluded from that requirement by law an up-or-down vote. to be any difficulty in keeping track of since 1974. So since 1974, the statute Mr. MCCONNELL: On or in relation who is volunteering and who is being under which we have all operated has to the amendment. paid. excluded: The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Mr. MCCONNELL. I thank the Sen- . . . the establishment, administration, objection? ator from Utah. and solicitation of contributions to a sepa- Mr. REID. Reserving the right to ob- So this is really an amendment that rate segregated fund to be utilized for polit- ject, the only request I have is Senator is quite simple. The principle of the un- ical purposes by a corporation, labor organi- FEINGOLD wants 5 minutes and Senator derlying bill, which I, as the Senator zation, membership organization, coopera- tive, or corporation without capital stock. LEVIN wants 5 minutes and Senator from Utah, do not support, is that Fed- DODD needs 5 minutes. The time will be eral elections should be conducted in The administrative expenses, the es- a little uneven, but if the Senator will Federal money, hard dollars. And in tablishment expenses, and the solicita- agree to that. pursuit of that principle, McCain-Fein- tion of contributions to a PAC have The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without gold requires the national political not been considered to be limited by objection, it is so ordered. parties to operate in 100 percent Fed- the hard money restrictions of law Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, let eral dollars, so-called hard dollars—100 since 1974. me say, having been involved in this percent. Mr. MCCONNELL. Will the Senator debate over the years, I have fre- And in even numbered years, it es- yield for a question? quently heard the words, ‘‘Don’t let the sentially requires all the State and Mr. LEVIN. If I could finish my re- perfect be the enemy of the good.’’ My local parties in our country to operate, marks. friend from Utah recalls that we hear similarly, in Federal hard dollars. Mr. MCCONNELL. Just a quick ques- that from time to time. So in the name of fairness, we ask tion: Isn’t that precisely the point? I have taken a look at when that the question, Why should labor and That is precisely the point of the Ben- comes up, ‘‘Don’t let the perfect be the business be allowed to, in effect, sub- nett amendment. enemy of the good,’’ and every single sidize their hard dollar activities, Mr. LEVIN. That is exactly the point time those words come up—‘‘don’t let which are their political action com- of the Bennett amendment: to repeal a the perfect be the enemy of the good’’— mittees—100 percent dollars—and why law which has been in place since 1974 is in relation to an amendment that should they be allowed to subsidize the and has created no harm. Sometimes might have some impact on organized raising of their hard dollars when we say around here that the cure is labor—some impact. America’s political parties can’t do it, worse than the disease. This is a cure I have watched this carefully now for and when America’s State and local looking for a disease. There is no dis- some 10 or 12 years, and every time the parties can’t do it in even numbered ease here that has been shown. words ‘‘Don’t let the perfect be the years? Where is the fairness? Mr. MCCONNELL. Will the Senator enemy of the good’’ are expressed, it is If the idea is that Federal elections yield for a question? because there is an amendment pend- should be conducted in Federal dollars, Mr. LEVIN. If I could continue, this ing that might have some impact—ever why is that principle only going to be is just an effort being made to try to so tiny—on organized labor. applied to the Nation’s political par- say: Oh, you guys over there who are Now, the Bennett amendment is very ties? trying to ban soft money, you are not evenhanded. It is not targeted at orga- The Bennett amendment is quite being perfectly consistent because, nized labor, by any means? simple. It is easily understood. For look, you allow the establishment, ad- Mr. BENNETT. That is correct. those who believe soft money is a per- ministration, and solicitation of con- Mr. MCCONNELL. Is that correct? I nicious thing undermining our democ- tributions to a PAC to be paid for out ask the Senator from Utah, this is not racy, then why should they think it of treasury dollars. You are not being an amendment targeted at the heart of would only be pernicious when raised totally consistent. organized labor? and spent by political parties but per- The answer to that is, wait a minute, Mr. BENNETT. The amendment deals fectly OK when raised and spent by the law of 1974 also says that commu- with activities on the part of corpora- labor and business? nications by a corporation to its stock- tions every bit as much as on the part That is the heart of this amendment. holders and executive administrative of labor. That is what this vote will be all personnel and their families or by a Mr. MCCONNELL. I thank my friend about. We will have that vote at 4 labor organization to its members and from Utah. o’clock. I think that pretty well ade- their families on any subject, that is So this is not about organized labor. quately describes our side of this not subject either. It is about how you raise money for po- amendment. Mr. MCCONNELL. Will the Senator litical action committees. I will be happy now to yield the floor yield for a question? It has been said on the floor of the at this time. Mr. LEVIN. I will in a couple of mo- Senate that a political action com- Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I yield 5 ments. mittee cannot get started without ex- minutes to my friend and colleague Here we have a cure looking for a penditures of soft money. We all know from Michigan. problem. There has been no problem on that is not true. There are a number of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- this. There is no practical way to keep leadership PACs formed by Members of ator from Michigan. track of these expenses, no practical the Senate and the House. We do not Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, I very way to do this. A corporation sends out spend soft money to get those leader- much oppose this amendment. The Su- a newsletter to its stockholders or to ship PACs up and running. You get a preme Court has told us over and over its executives saying: Which of the can- few hard money checks. You file with again that the standard for contribu- didates out there should our PAC con- the FEC. You get a few hard money tion limits that is constitutional is the tribute to? Now someone has to sit and checks and you are up and running. appearance of corruption, the appear- figure out: What is the cost of printing Believe me, it is possible to start a ance of impropriety, and the appear- that newsletter; what page is that no- PAC without the expenditure of soft ance of undue influence, that large con- tice on; is that on page 1 where it has money, I say to my friend from Utah. tributions or the solicitation of large the biggest impact or on page 4 of the Is that correct? contributions can create. newsletter; what part of the postage of Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I have There is no such appearance problem that newsletter goes to that issue; how never started a leadership PAC because with these expenditures. In fact, the much of the time of the secretary who

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 took the minutes of that meeting own members and stockholders, unlike Mr. FEINGOLD. How much time re- where we discussed that issue can be other organizations which can solicit mains? attributed to that request. from the universe within the country. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Five You have a bookkeeping nightmare Under the 1974 act, as you are estab- minutes. that you are creating for no problem. lishing your PAC, you can only get the Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, I There is no problem, that I know of, support from your own organization’s thank the Senator from Connecticut. I that has been shown over these almost membership. That is a significant re- thank the Senator from Michigan espe- 30 years. Yet in order to try to show striction which applies to them which cially for his excellent remarks on this some kind of a flaw, looking des- does not apply to others. amendment, and also the Senator from perately for a flaw in the ban on soft In addition, there is this balance that Arizona. We are united in our opposi- money, the proponents of this amend- was written into the law in 1974, as the tion to it. I, too, as the Senator from ment say: Aha, you are not being con- Senator from Michigan properly points Connecticut, find it a little bit un- sistent. out, where there has not been any iden- pleasant to oppose the Senator from Well, we are being consistent because tifiable abuse of this exception in the Utah. We have thoroughly enjoyed in the case of banning soft money, law whatsoever here. working together and share quite an there is a disease that needs a cure— Secondly, because of the universe to affection for his beautiful State and unlimited contributions to political which they are restricted in soliciting appreciate those opportunities. On this campaigns that are being accomplished dollars, they then have allowed, in a one, we really have to call this amend- through soft money. sense, their general treasuries to be ment what it is. It is simply another The Supreme Court said: We can pro- used in order to communicate with attempt to change the subject. hibit that constitutionally. That is their restricted class and member- Somehow it doesn’t trouble the Sen- what the Supreme Court has said. ship—not with people outside of that ator from Utah or the Senator from I don’t know of any evidence that restricted class membership but with Kentucky that soft money to the par- this particular provision in law, which their own membership. Were they com- ties was $82 million in 1992, $260-some has been in place for 26 years now, has municating to the universe at large, million in 1996, and is now approaching created a problem. I say to my good then I think the point the Senator $500 million in the year 2000. That friend from Utah, this amendment is from Utah has raised would be appro- doesn’t bother them. That is just fine. not needed. It has not been shown to priate. But when you are restricting, What does bother them is somehow address a problem in the law. It will under the 1974 act, the audience to trying to undo a reasonable balance create a bookkeeping nightmare to try which they can communicate, it seems that was created back in 1974 in the to in any way comply. It will put peo- to me this balance is appropriate, nar- law at the time after Watergate and in ple into an illegal netherworld for no rowly tailored and proper. To disrupt the Buckley decision. good reason that has been dem- that now would be a mistake. The problem is not PACs. The prob- The point the Senator from Arizona onstrated. lem isn’t how PACs raise their hard made is also worth repeating; that is, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- money contributions. We used to think this is awfully difficult. One of the ator’s 5 minutes have expired. PACs were the problem. I hope the Mr. DODD. I yield 1 additional things we don’t want to do is create American people now realize that PACs situations which make people potential minute. are limited to giving $10,000. We used to targets of indictment. This gets pretty Mr. LEVIN. The appearance of impro- think that was a lot of money. Unfor- amorphous, as to what constitutes an priety, the appearance of corruption, tunately, given this insane soft money expenditure of soft dollars in order to which is the only basis on which we system, it is starting to look as if it is solicit hard dollars for your PAC. can act as a justification for limiting Again, the Senator from Michigan spare change. But that is what the Sen- contributions of a large size to can- and others have made this point. When ator from Kentucky and the Senator didates, that justification does not you get into this area in trying to iden- from Utah want to change the subject exist here with corporate or union tify how much has been committed or to: Worrying about how union members treasury money being spent to admin- whether or not it was committed at all, and perhaps corporate entities get ister a PAC. a simple address by the CEO or the their people together and spend a little I urge that we either table this president of a local to the membership money in order to raise the modest amendment or defeat this amendment. of that community—how would you amounts that can be contributed I am sorry my friend from Kentucky put a value on that? Your inability to through PACs. It is a blatant attempt did not have a chance to ask me the ad- do so or to provide a proper accounting to change the subject. ditional question. I would be happy to of it exposes you then to the potential It does not relate at all to the real try to answer it, if our good friend of indictment. I don’t think anyone in abuse in the system, the horrible situa- from Connecticut wants to yield the our interests here should try to nec- tion where huge contributions on the time. essarily do that. It is so difficult to very day that votes are made are given Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I think our write that into law, even when the law to the political parties, and then legis- colleagues have covered this. I think has only civil jurisdiction. lation passes creating an appearance of we can get to a vote fairly quickly. As I urge a rejection of the amendment. impropriety or corruption that is very my friend from Utah knows, I think of A communication which is specifically disturbing to the American people. myself as the third Senator from Utah. protected by the Constitution and rec- To reiterate, the 1974 act that cre- I am not sure Utah thinks of me as its ognized by Buckley, where it is in- ated PACs had an explicit tradeoff. third Senator, but he and I have a won- volved in a significant balance between Separate segregated funds that are derful relationship and have worked so the ability to communicate with your connected with the union or corpora- closely together over the years that I restricted class or membership and tion can use their treasury funds for am not comfortable disagreeing with only that group, then the resources of their administrative costs, but they him on his amendment. I admire him that organization to do so are appro- can solicit only their members or exec- immensely. priate and proper. To upset that bal- utive and administrative personnel for In addition to what my colleague ance would be a mistake. contributions. On the other hand, non- from Michigan has said about the 1974 The law has worked well for 26 years. connected PACs must use their PAC law, there is also a restriction in the We ought not to change it at this money for the costs of administration, 1974 law which doesn’t pertain to any point. For those reasons, I respectfully but they can solicit the general public. other kind of activity that has other- urge our colleagues to vote against the That was the tradeoff. wise been described. Under the 1974 act, amendment. That was the balance to which the unions, corporations and membership I yield whatever time my colleague Senator from Connecticut referred. As organizations can only solicit their from Wisconsin so desires. he said, this amendment would disturb

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3989 the balance. That tradeoff has been a the parties—by taking away 40 percent loophole in the future if McCain-Fein- part of the law for 25 years. It is not a of the budget of the Republican Na- gold passes, and that some clever law- loophole. It is not a cesspool of soft tional Committee and the Democratic yers could sit down and figure out a money. It is working. It may not be National Committee, and 35 percent of way to create something that came perfect, but it is the very thing that, the Republican Senatorial Committee under this exemption that could raise along with other things, survived after and the Democratic Senatorial Com- significant amounts of hard dollars, the Buckley case. We have a fairly de- mittee, and federalizing State and funding them with soft dollars that are cent, but not perfect, system of cam- local parties for even-numbered years? totally undisclosed, unlike the other paign financing in this country. That is What about the inconvenience to soft dollars to which they object—soft what is falling apart. them? Why is it only political parties dollars that would be totally undis- There is also a constitutional dimen- that it is OK to inconvenience and no closed, finding a way to turn this into sion to this amendment. The law al- one else? the next monster that we hear about in lows corporations and unions to com- I repeat, every time you hear the ar- campaign finance reform debates 5 to municate with their members when a gument, ‘‘don’t let the perfect be the 10 years from now? union or a corporation solicits mem- enemy of the good,’’ you can be sure Mr. MCCONNELL. I say to my friend, bers for a PAC contribution. That so- the subject being debated on the Sen- he described the situation today. That licitation is a communication. We can- ate floor at that time is an amendment is the situation today. We have unlim- not interfere with that communication that might have some impact on orga- ited and undisclosed soft dollars—we without running afoul of the first nized labor. Virtually every time you don’t know how much—underwriting amendment. I would think, given the hear the words ‘‘poison pill,’’ you can the PACs of corporations and unions. frequent speeches by the Senator from be assured the subject matter we are That is the situation today. All I be- Kentucky on the first amendment, that debating at that time will be an lieve the Senator from Utah is doing is would concern him as well. amendment that might have some im- trying to create a level playing field of Let me say that I, as well as my lead pact on organized labor. hard dollars. If hard dollars are good author, Senator MCCAIN from Arizona, The reform industry, led by the New for parties, why not for companies and oppose this amendment. It may be par- York Times and the Washington Post, labor unions? ticularly targeted at unions because has been allowed to get away with de- Mr. BENNETT. It is my thought, I they have less money and may be per- fining what reform is. In fact, reform is say to the Senator from Kentucky, ceived that way. As the so-called pay- what the New York Times and the that the reason we have not considered check protection amendment, this is Washington Post and Common Cause this as an abuse in the past is because an attempt to cripple a labor union. It say it is, and everything else is a poi- there have been other things at which is a poison pill amendment targeted at son pill. we have been looking. But if McCain- labor unions and perhaps at corporate Now, the underlying bill is designed Feingold outlaws those other things, PACs, as well, and is not reform. to reduce the effectiveness of Amer- there is no reason to believe that this Corporate labor PACs have been per- ica’s great political parties—the one will not become the target of campaign mitted to use treasury funds for their entity that will always be there for a finance reformers in the years ahead, and we will see at that point their administrative costs since the passage challenger. Here Senator BENNETT is of the 1974 act. As the Senator from just trying to say, look, let’s have a thundering rhetoric about how terrible Michigan said so well, there has been level playing field. If the parties are it is. Today, they have no rhetoric and no showing of abuse of this narrow ex- going to have to operate in 100 percent they say it is no problem. Of course, I ception—the prohibition of corporate hard dollars, why not the unions and say to the Senator from Kentucky, and union spending of treasury funds in the corporations? Why not? Why not, I knowing how he feels, I think the thun- Federal elections—and yet these two ask? What is so pernicious about the dering rhetoric is overheated as to the Senators have virtually nothing to say influence of Federal, State, and local problem on the other side, but corrup- about the enormous abuse of the gap- parties that their resources have to be tion becomes ultimately in the eye of ing loophole of soft money that has de- taken away, their voices lowered, their the beholder. stroyed the reforms after the Water- efforts inhibited, and no one else? Mr. MCCONNELL. I thank the Sen- gate era. All those supporting McCain- This is not a ‘‘level playing field,’’ as ator. Feingold should strongly oppose the often is said by the other side. I have Mr. JEFFORDS. If the Senator from Bennett amendment. We strongly op- heard the argument over the years that Utah will yield, I had an opportunity pose it. we need to have a level playing field. If to listen to some of his comments I yield the floor. hard dollars are to exclusively be the about the Snowe-Jeffords provisions. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I future of the parties, why not for busi- They were amusing, but far from accu- had not realized, until I heard from my ness and labor? rate. friend from Michigan, that the Federal Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, will Mr. BENNETT. I am happy to be cor- Election Campaign Act was so sac- the Senator yield for a question? rected. rosanct that it should not be changed. Mr. MCCONNELL. Yes. Mr. JEFFORDS. First of all, there is If that is the case, I don’t know why we Mr. BENNETT. The Senator from nothing in Snowe-Jeffords that pro- are here at all because the whole pur- Michigan said this is a solution looking hibits or prevents ads to be purchased pose of the McCain-Feingold bill is to for a problem, that there has been no in newspapers. There is no problem change the Federal Election Campaign abuse of this in the past. I was inter- there. Act of 1974. ested and pleased to hear the Senator Mr. BENNETT. Is it only television? Further, it is suggested that this is from Wisconsin say we used to say Mr. JEFFORDS. Television and not an abuse. Well, what we do know is PACs were a problem. I remember radio, probably. that organized labor spends essentially when the Senator from Kentucky and I Mr. BENNETT. So by choosing gen- no hard dollars at all raising hard dol- were lonely voices here defending PACs tlemen who like the print media rather lars for their PACs. Now, as a defender as being a legitimate thing in the face than the electronic media—I miss the of soft money, I must tell you I am not of those who were attacking it in the point? troubled by that in principle any more name of campaign finance reform. So Mr. JEFFORDS. He misses the point than I am troubled in principle by the at least that debate is over and now that all that it requires is disclosure. political parties having nonfederal PACs are good. We would like to know who it is mak- money. It has been suggested on the To the point the Senator from Michi- ing the ads on television. It is a simple other side that this would be an incon- gan raised, would the Senator think disclosure provision that says people venience for organized labor or cor- this exception—I will call it an excep- ought to know, if somebody is making porations. What about inconveniencing tion—could, in fact, become a major accusations, who is doing it.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Mr. BENNETT. Is there no prohibi- occurred is instructive in that I would consent that a vote occur at 6 p.m. on tion for ads 60 days prior to the elec- predict that any amendment between or in relation to the Smith amendment tion? now and the end of the debate that shortly to be laid down. Mr. JEFFORDS. There is no prohibi- might have any adverse effect of any The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there tion 60 days prior to the election. kind on organized labor is likely to be objection? Mr. BENNETT. I stand corrected. It defeated. Mr. FEINGOLD. Reserving the right was my understanding that there was a Senator BENNETT can speak for him- to object, Mr. President, without prohibition 60 days prior to the elec- self, but my understanding of the pur- knowing what the subject matter of tion. Can the Senator from Kentucky pose of that amendment was to point the amendment is, I object until we are help us out on this? out the imbalance between taking all able to determine that. Mr. MCCONNELL. I say to my friend non-Federal dollars away from parties Mr. MCCONNELL. Senator SMITH will from Utah, we are looking up the lan- at the Federal level—the State and be here shortly. Hopefully, we can lock guage. I say to my friend, unless the local level in the even-numbered in the vote. Senator from—I thought the point of years—making the parties operate 100 Mr. DODD. In the meantime, Mr. the Snowe-Jeffords language was to percent in hard dollars, and yet no one President, if I may, Members who want make it difficult for—— else who expressly advocates a can- to be heard on the bill itself should The PRESIDING OFFICER. All time didate through a PAC is required to do take advantage of the time. I suspect has expired. Under the previous order, that. the Smith amendment will not con- the question is on agreeing to the We have carved out an exception for sume all of the hour and a half. We amendment of the Senator from Utah, corporations and unions so that they urge Members who want to make state- Senator BENNETT. can continue to use millions of dollars ments on the bill to please come to the Mr. DODD. I ask for the yeas and in corporate and union soft money to floor. nays. underwrite the expenses of their polit- I see now our colleague from Oregon The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. ical action committees. is here. While he is getting organized, BROWNBACK). Is there a sufficient sec- Having said that, the next amend- let me in response to my friend from ond? ment will be offered by the Senator Kentucky regarding the last amend- There is a sufficient second. from Oregon, Mr. SMITH, who will be ment that it was not just about labor The clerk will call the roll. here momentarily. Senator DODD and I unions. The legislative clerk called the roll. This last amendment also covered The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there would like for that vote to occur at 6:15 corporations and membership organiza- any other Senators in the Chamber de- or 6:30. We will lock it in, in a few mo- tions, among a few others. The 1974 law siring to vote? ments. It is my understanding that The result was announced—yeas 37, that will be followed by an amendment made it very specific. We said that gen- nays 63, as follows: by Senator TORRICELLI. eral treasury funds from those organi- Mr. DODD. The idea would be I think zations could be used to establish, ad- [Rollcall Vote No. 39 Leg.] at that point, depending on what lead- ministrate, and solicit contributions to YEAS—37 ership wants, to lay down the be used for political purposes, such as Allard Frist Nickles Torricelli amendment. I gather there is communicating only with their re- Bennett Gramm Roberts Bond Grassley Santorum some event this evening that people be- stricted class or membership. That Brownback Gregg Sessions lieve they are obligated to attend. The makes them distinct and different from Bunning Hatch Shelby Torricelli amendment will be laid the other organizations which can com- Burns Helms Smith (NH) Campbell Hutchinson down, and we will begin debate on that municate with the universe. But these Smith (OR) organizations can only communicate Craig Hutchison Stevens in the morning at whatever time the Crapo Inhofe Thomas leader wants to come in. We might get with their members. For that reason, Domenici Lott Thurmond a time agreement in the morning on the 1974 law specifically wrote into the Ensign Lugar Voinovich Enzi McConnell that. I have several amendments I am law that general treasury funds, if you Fitzgerald Murkowski lining up for tomorrow afternoon. So will, could be used for the purposes of NAYS—63 we will have a clear flow by tomorrow communication. So it was not just about labor unions, Akaka DeWine Lieberman morning as to the amendments we will Allen Dodd Lincoln be proposing tomorrow during the day. it was also about corporations, mem- Baucus Dorgan McCain Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, bership organizations and other such Bayh Durbin Mikulski point of inquiry: Did I understand from entities that are confined to commu- Biden Edwards Miller Bingaman Feingold Murray the floor managers that there would be nications with their own members. Boxer Feinstein Nelson (FL) a vote at 5:30? Mr. MCCAIN. Will the Senator yield? Breaux Graham Nelson (NE) Mr. MCCONNELL. No. It is probably Mr. DODD. I am happy to yield. Byrd Hagel Reed Mr. MCCAIN. It is my understanding Cantwell Harkin Reid at 6:15. Carnahan Hollings Rockefeller Mr. MURKOWSKI. Many of us are the Senator from Oregon is prepared to Carper Inouye Sarbanes going to this March of Dimes event to- go forward with his amendment. It is a Chafee Jeffords Schumer night. I think it starts at 6. pretty simple amendment. It is a fairly Cleland Johnson Snowe Clinton Kennedy Specter Mr. MCCONNELL. I think many straightforward amendment. I think Cochran Kerry Stabenow Members are going to that event. we could get a time agreement, if the Collins Kohl Thompson Mr. DODD. The March of Dimes Senator from Kentucky is agreeable, Conrad Kyl Torricelli event I know is very important. Maybe say, for a vote at 6 o’clock. After that Corzine Landrieu Warner Daschle Leahy Wellstone we can aim for 6 p.m. vote we could lay down another amend- Dayton Levin Wyden It will obviously depend on what Sen- ment. So we will be ready to go on The amendment was rejected. ator GORDON SMITH wants to do. that, if that is agreeable. Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I move to Mr. MURKOWSKI. I certainly concur Mr. DODD. That is agreeable. Yes. reconsider the vote. with that because many of us have to Mr. MCCONNELL. I believe that is Mr. FEINGOLD. I move to lay that cook. acceptable to the Senator from Oregon. motion on the table. Mr. DODD. In that case, knowing I, therefore, ask unanimous consent The motion to lay on the table was that my colleague from Alaska may be that the time between now and 6 p.m. agreed to. doing the cooking, Members may want be divided in the usual form, and at The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who to stay until 10 tonight. that time the Senate proceed to vote seeks recognition? Mr. MCCONNELL. After listening to on or in relation to the amendment Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, let the persuasive speech of the junior about to be sent forward by the Sen- me say briefly that the vote which just Senator from Alaska, I ask unanimous ator from Oregon, Mr. SMITH.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3991 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Mr. President, the appearance of corruption.’’ The objection? this amendment is a very simple one Fourth Circuit concluded that ‘‘in the Without objection, it is so ordered. but one that I believe will go a long end, North Carolina law does nothing Mr. MCCONNELL. Therefore, the way toward restoring public confidence more than recognize that lobbyists are next vote will occur at 6 o’clock. in elected leaders and alleviating the paid to persuade legislators, not to pur- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Who perception that politicians are be- chase them.’’ Last month the Supreme seeks recognition? holden to special interests. Court agreed by denying the petition Mr. SMITH of Oregon addressed the My amendment simply prohibits Sen- for review of this very case. Chair. ate and House candidates from accept- So I am confident that my amend- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ing campaign contributions from lob- ment will withstand judicial scrutiny. ator from Oregon. byists when Congress is in session. My amendment only restricts a can- AMENDMENT NO. 118 The amendment is fair and it is bal- didate or officeholder from accepting Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Mr. President, anced. It applies to both incumbents contributions at a certain time and I have an amendment that I send to the and challengers. Since the danger of place, not if they can eventually. This desk and ask for its immediate consid- corruption or the appearance of corrup- is no different than time and place reg- eration. tion applies with equal force to chal- ulation of other first amendment The PRESIDING OFFICER. The lengers and incumbents, Congress has issues. clerk will report. ample justification for imposing the Furthermore, I think it is important The assistant legislative clerk read same fundraising constraints on both to point out that my amendment is as follows: incumbents and challengers. narrowly crafted to prohibit candidates The Senator from Oregon [Mr. SMITH] pro- This is not new. This is a law that and officeholders from accepting con- poses an amendment numbered 118. currently operates in many States. In tributions from lobbyists and the polit- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Mr. President, my own State of Oregon, we have long ical action committees that employ I ask unanimous consent reading of the had just such a law on the books; one them. amendment be dispensed with. that I was proud to stand squarely be- My amendment does not place the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hind as a State legislator. The Oregon burden on lobbyists offering contribu- objection, it is so ordered. law first enacted in 1974 has been in ef- tions to candidates but, rather, square- The amendment is as follows: fect for 27 years and has been integral ly and more fittingly on the candidate. (Purpose: To prohibit candidates and Mem- to ensuring Oregonians’ confidence in The onus, therefore, is on the can- bers of Congress from accepting certain the integrity of their political system didate or officeholder, not the lobbyist. contributions while Congress is in session) at the State level. In closing, let me emphasize that the On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert The core tenet and assumption be- touchstone issue is the appearance of the following: hind the McCain-Feingold legislation is influence pedaling and corruption and SEC. 305. PROHIBITION ON ACCEPTANCE OF CER- TAIN CONTRIBUTIONS WHILE CON- that money in politics corrupts elected the role that money plays. If money in GRESS IS IN SESSION. officials. Backers of the McCain-Fein- the system corrupts, then my amend- Title III of the Federal Election Campaign gold bill often use catch words and ment lessens its role. Diminishing the Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended phrases, such as ‘‘quid pro quo,’’ to sug- role of money is also one of the stated by adding at the end the following: gest that money can buy not only leg- goals of the McCain-Feingold bill. But ‘‘SEC. 324. PROHIBITION ON ACCEPTANCE OF islative action but legislators them- unlike the McCain-Feingold bill, my CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS WHILE CONGRESS IS IN SESSION. selves. amendment does so, I believe, in a con- ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—During the period de- This is not my view. It is my belief stitutional way. scribed in subsection (b), a candidate seeking that the vast majority of the men and Again, my amendment merely pro- nomination for election, or election, to the women with whom I serve in the public hibits House and Senate candidates and Senate or House of Representatives, any au- process and in this body possess the officeholders from accepting political thorized committee of such a candidate, an highest degree of professional and per- donations from lobbyists while Con- individual who holds such office, or any po- sonal integrity. However, if the public gress is in session. litical committee directly or indirectly es- My amendment is evenhanded, it is tablished, financed, maintained, or con- perceives that campaigns are corrupt, trolled by such a candidate or individual that money talks, then I think we owe constitutional, and it addresses the shall not accept a contribution from— it to the public to allay those concerns. perceived problem that politicians can ‘‘(1) any individual who, at any time dur- Prohibiting contributions from reg- be bought and sold, and my amendment ing the period beginning on the first day of istered lobbyists to candidates and does so in a way that does not shut the calendar year preceding the contribution Federal officeholders while Congress is down the entire universe of citizen par- and ending on the date of the contribution, in session will go a long way toward ticipation in our political process. was required to be listed as a lobbyist on a quelling the perception that we are I hope my colleagues will unani- registration or other report filed pursuant to bought and sold. My amendment ad- mously support my amendment, fol- the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.); dresses the public’s fears directly by lowing Oregon’s lead, and that of other ‘‘(2) an officer, owner, or senior executive eliminating what they view as the dis- States, to restore confidence in the in- of any person that, at any time during the ease rather than trying to just treat tegrity of our political system. period described in paragraph (1), employed the symptoms. Finally, some of my colleagues will or retained an individual described in para- We are not breaking new ground be- worry that this includes the public graph (1), in their capacity as a lobbyist; cause we will be doing what other generally. It does not. It involves reg- ‘‘(3) a political committee directly or indi- States have done. Oregon is joined by istered lobbyists, PACs, and all special rectly established, financed, maintained, or at least 10 other States with laws just interest groups. A citizen can send in a controlled by an individual described in paragraph (1) or (2); or like this that prohibit candidates and contribution to a candidate. That is ‘‘(4) a separate segregated fund (described officeholders from soliciting or accept- fine. But what is disturbing to people is in section 316(b)(2)(C)). ing contributions while their legisla- the nexus that exists between legis- ‘‘(b) PERIOD CONGRESS IS IN SESSION.—The tures are in session lating in the morning and fundraising period described in this subsection is the pe- In 1999, the U.S. Court of Appeals for at night with the very same industries. riod— the Fourth Circuit, in North Carolina This will prohibit that. We will sepa- ‘‘(1) beginning on the first day of any ses- Right to Life v. Bartlett, upheld the rate these two activities and restore sion of the body of Congress in which the in- constitutionality of North Carolina’s some confidence that people are enti- dividual holds office or for which the can- didate seeks nomination for election or elec- law prohibiting lobbyist contributions tled to have in their political process. tion; and and solicitations while its general as- Some people will say this just isn’t ‘‘(2) ending on the date on which such ses- sembly is in session, stating that the possible because the Congress is always sion adjourns sine die.’’. law ‘‘serves to prevent corruption and in session. There may be an unintended

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 3992 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 but beneficial consequence. We may to their fundraiser in the evening. That or a nonseverability clause, which I have shorter congressional sessions. We is the nexus that is wrong. That is will be happy to include this in, is that may get our work done more quickly, what, I agree with the Senator from we will leave our country worse off and we may be able to thereby provide Arizona, we ought to do away with. rather than better off if we say to the the American people a little less rhet- This works in my State. It works in political parties: You can’t have a role oric, a lot more action, a lot more vot- your State also. Arizona is one of those any longer in elections, but the folks ing, getting their job done and getting States that has this restriction. It who will go into the smoke-filled home to be with the folks and ulti- works. It smells better. It doesn’t vio- rooms, who are not disclosable to the mately to meet with these interest late constitutional rights, but it does American people or accountable to the groups. If they want to support you, vest us with more of a process of integ- American people, will then be the ones fine, but they can’t do it while you are rity. who have the power because they will about the people’s business in making Mr. MCCAIN. Clearly, Arizona has run campaigns about candidates. law. the finest State government of any of Frankly, I have seen this happen I encourage a unanimous vote, and I the 50, I am sure the Senator from Or- with a campaign finance issue in Or- ask for the yeas and nays on the egon would agree. egon. It was not pretty. It was an ugly amendment. Again, I ask the Senator from Or- situation because the citizen and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a egon: There is going to be some ques- candidate were disenfranchised by it sufficient second? tion in people’s minds about the con- and were the victims, along with de- There appears to be a sufficient sec- stitutionality of this amendment; you mocracy in Oregon, because of a sys- ond. would agree? tem that would empower those who are The yeas and nays were ordered. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Absolutely. nondisclosable and unaccountable to Mr. MCCAIN. Will the Senator yield Mr. MCCAIN. Therefore, it would the American people. They get all the for a question? seem to me that the Senator from Or- power. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am happy to egon would understand that the whole That is my concern, Senator. That is yield for a question. issue of severability in this bill would why I have believed a nonseverability Mr. MCCAIN. Inevitably, I would say then take on increased prominence. It clause is important in order that we to the Senator from Oregon, there is is my understanding that the Senator not leave our country worse off. going to be a question of constitu- from Oregon may be in support of non- With that, I am telling you and the tionality. It is my understanding, from severability. I don’t get the logic there. whole world, I am prepared to vote for my informed staff, that there was a You are clearly supporting an amend- your bill, but I think that that is an es- case in North Carolina that was upheld ment that has constitutional questions sential ingredient, as I have told you but it has never gone any higher than associated with it, and yet at the same privately. I really believe without it we that. time you would not understand that will leave our country worse off based Mr. SMITH of Oregon. The Supreme this bill may have portions of it, par- on the experience of my State of Or- Court, I understand, denied certiorari, ticularly during the amending process, egon. thereby upholding the fourth circuit that the U.S. Supreme Court would Mr. MCCAIN. If the Senator will decision that allows for this kind of deem unconstitutional, including this agree to one more question, I want to prohibition of fundraising from special one which, even if made unconstitu- get back on the bill. First, I hope we interest groups while the North Caro- tional, would not affect the thrust of will be able to convince the Senator lina legislature is in session. the bill. from Oregon that any provision in this Mr. MCCAIN. What about the fact I am hopeful that the Senator from bill, if passed, would make us better off that you are clearly saying to an indi- Oregon will see the logic here—I am than we are today—any provision, in- vidual that because you are in a cer- dead serious—because it is going to be cluding the Senator’s. Any part of it tain line of work, you are not going to a big issue, the fact that there should that would stand would improve the be able to do what other citizens do? be, as there have been in all but 12 bills present situation where, indeed, the How do you respond to that? passed by the Congress in the last 10 case exists, and you have heard my ar- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I respond to years, a severability clause in this leg- gument about that before. that by saying that this is not unlike islation. The amendment talks about reg- other time-and-place regulation of I would give a lot more credibility to istered lobbyists, but does it also add speech issues. People come to this the amendment of the Senator from people who are in charge of political building all the time and would love to Oregon if he believed, as he has stated, action committees and run PACs? Are come in this Chamber and protest from that there will be constitutional ques- there additional individuals covered by the very seats above us. They are not tions, that this bill should not rise or this amendment? allowed to. They are given a place to fall based on a decision concerning Mr. SMITH of Oregon. It does not. protest but not to disrupt the public’s what a lobbyist does because there are Mr. MCCAIN. It is simply people who work. much greater issues at stake. I cer- are registered lobbyists, who have vol- What I am saying is, this is a time- tainly hope the Senator from Oregon untarily decided to register as a lob- and-place regulation of speech. I admit understands my logic in that argu- byist under the law. that. I am saying it passes the smell ment. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. That is cor- test far better than our current sys- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I do under- rect. tem. stand that logic. I would be happy to Mr. MCCAIN. I thank the Senator Mr. MCCAIN. But the Senator does include this in any nonseverability from Oregon. I have enjoyed this admit that there might be some ques- amendment that I would propose. As a chance to pose questions to him. I ap- tion of the constitutionality of this practical matter, as the Senator preciate the courtesy of his response issue raised. knows—and I have said this to him and and look forward to working with him Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Clearly, there Senator FEINGOLD—I have legitimate on this legislation. will be, but ultimately the issue of con- questions as to the constitutionality of Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I thank the stitutionality is for the Court across McCain-Feingold. I am not a judge. We Senator also. the street to decide. It does not pro- get really angry at judges who act as Mr. FEINGOLD. Will the Senator hibit them from making a contribution legislators. We are often acting as a yield for a question? later. It just says there is a time to do bunch of judges. We have a responsi- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am happy to it and there is a time not to do it. bility to uphold the Constitution. It is yield to the Senator from Wisconsin. I think what disturbs all of us is the their responsibility to interpret it. Mr. FEINGOLD. First of all, I appre- notion of holding a hearing on an in- I don’t know how all this will cut. My ciate the spirit of the amendment. Our dustry in the morning and then going concern about the severability clause two States, Oregon and Wisconsin, are

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.000 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3993 very similar in our pride and our re- person that, at any time during the pe- wonderful aspect, as the Senator from form history. Obviously, this amend- riod described in paragraph (1). . .’’ is a Nevada pointed out. Under sub (4), it ment is offered in that spirit. I appre- lobbyist. refers to a separate segregated fund. I ciate that. And then in (3), it says, ‘‘a political am advised that this basically would My questions are similar to those of committee directly or indirectly estab- include political action committees. the Senator from Arizona, but I believe lished, financed, maintained, or con- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. That is cor- the Senator from Oregon indicated he trolled by an individual . . .’’ rect. would consider a severability provision And finally, (4), a separate segregated Mr. FEINGOLD. Is it the Senator’s with regard to this amendment. fund. intention to prohibit the lobbyist from Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I have so much I ask the Senator how he can say it giving individual contributions, but confidence in its constitutionality only refers to registered lobbyists when also PACs during this period? based on its judicial history already, I it has three other categories of people Mr. SMITH of Oregon. That is cor- would be happy to include it in a sever- listed in the face of the amendment. rect, during a legislative session. When ability clause because I think every- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. This is refer- we gavel the session in, you can’t do it thing we are doing here has a reason- ring to a registered lobbyist or those until you gavel sine die. If the world of able constitutional question. We ought who employ them. special interests wants to evaluate to ask the Supreme Court to rule on it. Mr. FEINGOLD. What about a polit- what they think of your performance This could be among them in terms of ical committee? and help you in your election, fine. We any nonseverability, as far as I am con- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. If they employ are segregating the function of law- cerned. them, they are covered by this amend- making and moneymaking. I think Mr. FEINGOLD. I was interested in ment. that goes a long way to fixing what you the Senator’s remark that we shouldn’t Mr. MCCAIN. If the Senator will think and feel, rightfully, is broken in act as judges here; we should act as yield for a question, it counts not only this country. legislators. I agree. I ask the Senator if registered lobbyists, but it is a person Mr. FEINGOLD. Does the Senator be- he is aware of how infrequently legisla- who employs that lobbyist as well. In lieve it could be unconstitutional to tures, in particular the U.S. Congress, other words, I am the CEO of a com- prohibit PAC contributions? have actually had a nonseverability pany back in Arizona, or I am a presi- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I don’t believe provision. Does the Senator realize dent of a union back in Arizona, and I so. It doesn’t prohibit them. It regu- that it is incredibly rare, something am not allowed to contribute while lates them in terms of time and place. that is rather unlikely for legislators Congress is in session because I have Mr. FEINGOLD. I suggest that the ef- to do? employed that lobbyist? fect of this is to unconstitutionally Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am aware of Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Under that prohibit PAC contributions, and I that, but I think what we are debating guide, that is correct. However, if you would be concerned about that. here is of so fundamental a nature to sent that person a solicitation in the Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I suggest our liberty—that is, our speech; our mail asking for a maximum hard the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- most important speech being our polit- money contribution as a private cit- ical speech—that I have no doubt this ator from Oregon has the floor. izen, they would be allowed to make would make it to the U.S. Supreme Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield for that contribution. But what I am try- Court because this would fundamen- a question? ing to do is stop us spending time, tally affect the future of our country. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Yes. Mr. FEINGOLD. One other question: while we are lawmaking, down at the Mr. REID. There is nobody in this Is the Senator completely opposed to RSCC and the DSCC, spending hun- body for whom I have more respect. the notion of having the entire bill be dreds, even thousands, of hours raising Would this amendment not give a tre- severable? money. mendous advantage to wealthy people Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am prepared Mr. MCCAIN. Well, if the Senator who are members of the national legis- to include the soft money ban to the will yield further, I agree with what he lature? regulation of the outside groups. And if is trying to get at. I think that, frank- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I don’t believe we want to include this as well, I am ly, also during the campaign of Presi- it would. They can give a hard money comfortable with that. dent Bush, this was part of his cam- contribution of $1,000 per campaign. Mr. FEINGOLD. The reason I am paign finance reform proposal, as I re- Mr. REID. No. What I am saying is, if asking this question—the spirit of this member. But I think we have to worry you are a Member of Congress, would amendment is very positive, as I have about this language because if I am the you not have an advantage over every- indicated. But what I am trying to de- senior executive of a company or cor- one else if you were rich because it termine is whether we would have a poration away from Washington that would limit so much of the time for fair chance to send a bill over to the employs a lobbyist, and I am not al- people to do the fundraising? Supreme Court where, if for any reason lowed to contribute at that time, that Mr. SMITH of Oregon. There is no you were right about the constitu- could be a very large number of people. question but that this amendment will tionality about this, the rest of the bill I wonder if we can work on language do more to drive money out of politics could still stand. Is that something the with the Senator from Oregon to than anything that has been proposed Senator is open to? achieve this goal, without throwing a yet. There is no question about that. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am open to pretty wide net here. If I am thinking But we have just passed an amendment discussing it with the Senators. through this legislation, which I am that doesn’t give a perfect playing field Mr. FEINGOLD. One other question. looking at for the first time—— to the challenger against the multi- I want to follow up on the scope of this Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I am happy to millionaire, but it gives them a better amendment. I have the amendment in work with the Senator on an amend- playing field than we have had before. front of me. Under section 324, there ment to this amendment. I am not Mr. REID. My friend has not an- are several different paragraphs relat- locked down. It is offered in the spirit swered the question. Would this not ing to who is covered. It refers to ‘‘any of my experience as an Oregonian. I be- give an advantage to a Member of Con- individual who, at any time during the lieve Wisconsin and Arizona have simi- gress who is rich, because during the period beginning on the first day of the lar laws. It works. It will be more dif- period of time that Congress is in ses- calendar year preceding the contribu- ficult for Congress, but it ought to be sion, basically, there would be a tre- tion and ending on the date of the con- done in Congress. mendous inability to raise money, tribution, was required to be listed as a Mr. FEINGOLD. If the Senator will whereas if somebody finances their own lobbyist. . . .’’ yield for a further question, I will tell campaign, it doesn’t matter to them? Under section (2), it refers to ‘‘an of- you one thing: This certainly will Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I would con- ficer, owner, or senior executive of any shorten legislative sessions, which is a cede the point. But I would simply say

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 3994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 that what this does is prohibit the Personally, I think this so-called Mr. THOMPSON. I say to my col- challenger or the Member of Congress millionaire amendment we just passed league, that does carry a certain from being involved in this. I think it is of very doubtful constitutionality. amount of logic to it, but we all know is a heavy restriction, but I think it is That is the reason I voted against it. I that some of these bills carry on for a the right restriction, and I think if we don’t see how you make the kinds of long period of time, and these big can go to this kind of a standard, it is distinctions that that amendment issues where people are greatly inter- going to look better to the American made when you have free speech pro- ested and their businesses are greatly people and, frankly, it is going to drive tection with regard to his spending his affected sometimes go on for a period a lot of money out of politics and clean own money, how you then favor one of years and we have fundraisers inter- up our day by making us spend time over the other, and what you do about spersed with them. lawmaking instead of fundraising. And the person who wants to make a con- I do not know that I agree the great- at the end of the day, if somebody tribution, and he can give up to, say, est danger has to do with the time wants to spend their own money, they $5,000 to candidate X, but to candidate proximity of the contribution, but I are going to have to comply with the Y he can only give $1,000. ask my friend if the rest of his bill law or the amendment we just passed, We already have an amendment that tracks what they were doing in that and it will equalize it somewhat. has been adopted with questions about Fourth Circuit situation in terms of Mr. REID. One more question. While its constitutionality. the people involved, in terms of the the Senator’s amendment bans con- With regard to your amendment, my places limited, in terms of the time re- tributions during the time we have question is this: Will the issue not be striction? talked about, it doesn’t ban solicita- resolved on the basis of whether or not Mr. SMITH of Oregon. We have tai- tions during that time; is that right? there is a compelling State interest? It lored this amendment after the North Mr. SMITH of Oregon. It does. seems to me that is the question, and if Carolina one in order to make sure it Mr. REID. It does ban solicitations? that is the question, if that is the passes judicial muster. I believe it Mr. SMITH of Oregon. It bans accept- issue, then I look at it to see whether does. I am willing to put it as part of a ing them. or not what we are doing is of suffi- nonseverability clause. Mr. REID. It would not ban solicita- cient compelling State interest to I say to the Senator, my concern tions. You could go to the NRA, or overcome the first amendment prob- about the absence of nonseverability is whoever gives money, and you could lems. not to every component of this bill. It ask them for money at that time, and Obviously, we are impinging on the is the banning of soft money, whereas I they would have to give it to you at a first amendment. The Supreme Court would limit it, as the Hagel proposal. It subsequent time when we were out of has said in some cases we can impinge is the banning of soft money if you do session? on the first amendment. That is what not also include these outside groups. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. It doesn’t pro- we are doing when we put hard money The Senator knows firsthand, I am hibit that. I don’t know how to pro- limits on people. We impinge on the sure, as a Republican, when it comes hibit that constitutionally, but I do first amendment, but the Supreme time that you are under attack, you know how to constitutionally prohibit Court says there is a compelling inter- have some very powerful and effective the time and place in which these ac- est to doing that, and that is the ap- groups against you. You have the Si- tivities are engaged. But the Senator, pearance of corruption. erra Club; you have the trial lawyers; in his earlier point, said: What does The question is, it seems to me, are you have labor unions, and on and on. this mean to a Member of Congress? we doing enough? Is there sufficient, They are very good at what they do. You don’t have to be a millionaire to compelling State interest for us to do They hit and they run and are account- have an advantage by being a Member this? Is it really helping the system able to no one. They do not even have of Congress. You probably have a large that much in this time-place-manner to tell the truth. But the only rescue campaign war chest already carried amendment in order to impinge on the for a Republican is the Republican Sen- over from your last campaign, if you admitted free speech rights of a poten- ate Campaign Committee. are a safe incumbent. So these are just tial contributor? Just in fairness, if you are going to the facts of life. I don’t know how I can I take it the Senator thinks we would empower such groups, if you are not make it perfect, but I know this be doing enough to help the system, to going to include them, then, frankly, I amendment makes it better. help the Nation by placing these kinds think we do great damage. To Demo- Mr. THOMPSON. If the Senator will of limitations on people to overcome crats who may say this is to our advan- yield, the Senator is doing an excellent an impingement on their first amend- tage, let me say what will happen. job taking on these questions from all ment rights. Does my colleague agree The day this is enacted and soft corners. But it is a very interesting that is the issue with which we are money is banned and held constitu- amendment. I think my own State of dealing? tional, every Republican dollar flowing Tennessee has a similar amendment. I Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I agree with to that Senate committee is going to think what happens is anybody comes the Senator. Let me read the exact find its way immediately into a Repub- to town a couple days sooner to collect wording of the Fourth Circuit’s re- lican Sierra Club, and all of this will the money. sponse to that very question. not be disclosable, it will not be ac- Other than that, my concern, as we A unanimous Fourth Circuit found countable, and we will have dumbed consider these amendments, has to do the restriction was narrowly tailored down America’s democracy. with constitutionality issues. I want to and served the compelling interest. That is the point I am trying to make a couple comments and then ask The restrictions are limited to lobbyists make. That is why those two compo- a question. Obviously, none of us is and the political committees that employ nents, soft money versus regulating going to be able to tell what is con- them, the two most ubiquitous and powerful outside groups, have to be tied to- stitutional or not. But if we have a players in the political arena. gether if we are to make our country nonseverability clause—and we don’t They found the restrictions cover better instead of worse. know whether or not we will—after we only that period during which the risk Mr. REID. Will the Senator yield for have a vote, any amendments that turn of an actual quid pro quo or the appear- a question? out to be not constitutional bring the ance of one runs the highest risk. Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I will be happy whole bill down. Some people think Again, it is a time-and-place regula- to yield. that is good. I think we will wind up tion. I suspect people in North Caro- Mr. REID. The Senator said there with a hard money increase, which I lina, just as the people of Oregon, have would not be fundraisers held. There think is good, and doing something a lot more confidence in hearings going would be nothing wrong. You could about soft money, which I think is on in the morning and know there is have fundraisers and solicit the money. good. So I think that would be a bad not a fundraiser going on in the You just could not collect it; is that result if that happened. evening. right?

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3995 Mr. SMITH of Oregon. If you wanted mainder of the time, 16 minutes 40 sec- Mr. FEINGOLD. Mr. President, it is to tighten up the bill even more on onds. not pleasant to oppose this amend- that account, I would be happy with an Mr. DODD. I am glad to yield to my ment. The Senator from Oregon is a amendment you might offer to that ef- colleague for a couple minutes. wonderful Senator. We have worked to- fect. I am trying to go as far as I can Mr. SMITH of Oregon. That would be gether on a lot of issues, in the Foreign constitutionally and say there can be all I would need. Relations Committee, the Budget Com- no exchange of cash when you are in a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- mittee, and the like. We do share a legislative session because it does not ator from Oregon. great progressive tradition in our two Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I thank Sen- look good. It does not smell good. We States of Wisconsin and Oregon. That ator DODD. I know this is not easy. I ought to change it, and a lot of States is the spirit of this amendment. know Congress meets for a long time. I are cleaning up their State govern- I have to agree with the distin- know State legislatures are different ments with this very kind of law. We guished Senator from Tennessee. This just in terms of time. In every other re- does raise some real questions because should do no less in this Congress. spect, this law is as valid here as it is Mr. REID. I appreciate the point. I it doesn’t apply to State legislatures. other places, in my view. If we are wor- wanted to make sure the record re- It applies to this Congress. It may ried about appearance, if we want to flected, in response to a question from make sense for State legislatures that move soft money, if we want to move the Senator from Tennessee, that there convene for a few months every year, money out of politics, nothing will do but it doesn’t make sense for this Con- would not be any fundraisers. There that better than this amendment. may not be as many, but certainly you gress. In the year 2000, this Congress Nothing will shorten congressional ses- went into session in January and, as we could have as many fundraisers as you sions more than this amendment. wanted and solicit the money at the painfully remember, did not adjourn In my opinion, we ought to vote on until December. There was even a pos- fundraisers. You just could not collect it. We ought to pass it. I will pledge my the money that night or that day. sibility that we were going to go up to best efforts to work with Senator New Year’s Eve. So it is not realistic to Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I guess my MCCAIN to get it in a shape that wins question is, Would the Senator like to have this kind of limitation that we his support as well. It is consistent have in States such as Wisconsin and amend the amendment to include the with the spirit of McCain-Feingold. prohibition of these kinds of solicita- Oregon at the Federal level. I thank my colleague for the time. The cost of campaigns is regrettably tions? Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I am happy high. Obviously, future reforms should Mr. REID. Of course, we cannot to yield 4 minutes to my colleague address this problem. As has been said amend anything the way the unani- from Tennessee. mous consent agreement is in place. I Mr. THOMPSON. I thank the Sen- by other speakers, this amendment is think the Senator from Arizona wishes ator. overly broad in its attempt to prohibit to discuss possible amendments with Mr. President, following up on my congressional candidates from accept- the Senator, and that would be some- earlier comments, I am concerned ing contributions while the Congress is thing. about this amendment because I fear it in session from all the following indi- Mr. SMITH of Oregon. Would it be may very well be unconstitutional. If viduals or entities. It is not just reg- appropriate to call for a quorum call to one of these amendments is unconsti- istered lobbyists, as some thought work it out? tutional and the reform side does not when the amendment was first de- Mr. President, I suggest the absence win on the severability issue, the whole scribed. It is much more than that. It of a quorum. thing falls. Obviously, the question of is registered lobbyists that are af- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The constitutionality is always important, fected, PACs, senior executives, offi- clerk will call the roll. but it is even more important now. cers, or owners of any organization The legislative clerk proceeded to My concern is this: We have to clear- that employed or retained a registered call the roll. ly have a compelling governmental in- lobbyist during a calendar year pre- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I ask terest to override the first amendment ceding the contribution. unanimous consent that the order for rights of people to give money to can- It would prohibit not just contribu- the quorum call be rescinded. didates. They clearly have that right tions from lobbyists but, as the Sen- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BEN- here. We are clearly overriding it. The ator from Arizona has pointed out, con- NETT). Without objection, it is so or- question is whether or not there is a tributions from executives of any com- dered. sufficient governmental interest. pany that employs a lobbyist—the ex- Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I realize The case that was cited from the ecutives of General Motors, of Federal there is a time constraint here because, Fourth Circuit—and that case was in Express, and every other company. It under the UC, we have a vote at 6 North Carolina—pointed out that it would prohibit all union and corporate o’clock. We have been trying to work only covered a narrow area and that PACs from contributing basically al- out an agreement on this amendment. the Legislature of North Carolina only most all year-round because, as I point- We have been unable to do so. We will met for a few months out of the year. ed out, we are in session so much of the go ahead and have the vote at 6. I will This body sometimes meets the en- year. make a tabling motion, but I am com- tire year. There is no way a person I am afraid this amendment also mitted to working with Senator SMITH could raise any money at any time dur- gives a huge advantage to wealthy in- to see if there is a way that we can ing the year under those cir- cumbents or any incumbents who have work it out to his and everyone’s satis- cumstances. Clearly, the Fourth Cir- a substantial war chest. Under the faction. It is overly broad in its lan- cuit is not authority for the constitu- Smith amendment, while challengers guage at this time, but we have not tionality of this bill. It might be are unable to raise funds from those been able to reach a conclusion. wrong. The Fourth Circuit might be in- listed above throughout this very ex- I regret that because I agree with correct in its analysis that it should be tensive time period in a year, the in- Senator SMITH’s intent, and I think he narrowly tailored. But that causes me cumbents who have a lot of resources is trying to do something that would a great deal of concern and difficulty. would be able to rely on their existing cure a very bad perception that per- As well meaning as this amendment is, war chests or personal wealth. That sists in Washington. and in many ways as much as I would concerns me as well. I yield the floor. like to see it, it causes me great con- Finally, as the Senator from Ten- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- cern to vote for an amendment with nessee has focused on, there is a seri- ator from Oregon is out of time. what I believe raises pretty serious ous question of the constitutionality of Mr. DODD. Mr. President, how much constitutionality questions. this amendment. This is one of the rea- time do I have? Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I yield 5 sons I asked the Senator from Oregon The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- minutes to my colleague from Wis- at the beginning about whether this af- ator from Connecticut controls the re- consin. fected PACs. He conceded that banning

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 3996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 PAC contributions does raise constitu- As I understand the last provision of the unseemly appearances the Amer- tional questions. It calls into question the bill, ‘‘beginning on the first day of ican people don’t like. We ought to try the whole bill. any session of the body of Congress to to fix it. I think there should be both Of course, if the Senator from Or- which the individual holds office, or for time and effort in the consideration of egon, as we proceed with this bill, is which the candidate seeks nomination this legislation to narrow this amend- willing to work with us on making sure for election or election,’’ and it could ment so it does meet constitutional this entire bill is severable so that each be, of course, that someone in a larger concerns expressed by Senator THOMP- provision can stand on its own and the State would begin to challenge one of SON and others. Court can determine each one, that us as incumbents 2 or 3 years out, I thank Senator SMITH not only for could be a different story with regard which is not uncommon today in larger his involvement in this issue but in the to that argument, but that is the kind States, and if we are in session in those entire issue of campaign finance re- of discussion we need to have. years, obviously, a challenger who form. I know he comes from a State I want him to know I am eager to wants to be heard, where you have a where there is a lot of interest in this have those discussions. I appreciate his State such as California, or Texas, or issue, as there is in mine—the ‘‘clean attitude toward reform, and I hope Illinois, or New York, you may want to campaign’’ State referendum. I think that in the end perhaps we can work begin that process earlier and they he is representing his constituents something out relating to this, but would be restrained from raising any when he is heavily involved in this even more importantly, he can be part money if this amendment were adopted issue. I look forward to working with of our efforts. In light of these con- as presently crafted. him not only on this one, but as we ap- cerns, I will urge that all those sup- So I, too, respect immensely my col- proach some of the more important porting the McCain-Feingold bill league’s motivations. We talked over issues in the coming days. I thank him should oppose the Smith amendment. the last 2 days about the fact that for his efforts. Mr. DODD. Mr. President, I don’t under present circumstances in an av- Mr. President, if it is an appropriate know if others want to be heard on erage Senate race of $6 or $7 million— time, I move to table the Smith this. If my colleague would like to that is what an individual has to raise amendment, and I ask for the yeas and rebut, I will be willing to yield some in a contested race—a Member would nays. time to him. literally have to raise thousands of dol- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I thank the lars every day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks sufficient second? Senator from Connecticut. I recommit a year, for the entire 6-year term. to work with Senator MCCAIN and Sen- Somebody pointed out that in the There is a sufficient second. ator FEINGOLD and see if we can narrow State of California that number is The question is on agreeing to the this down. We worked on this a long more like $10,000 a day every day when motion to table the amendment. time. It is hard to do. We are intruding you start talking about $20 million or The clerk will call the roll. upon speech, there is no question about $30 million. Obviously, for any Member The assistant legislative clerk called it. The question is whether this is a of this body who is raising $10,000 a day the roll. permissible time-and-place regulation every day for 6 years, there is a portion Mr. REID. I announce that the Sen- and is there a legitimate State inter- of your responsibilities, to put it mild- ator from South Dakota (Mr. DASCHLE) est. Absolutely, because you are sepa- ly, as a Member of this body that is is necessarily absent. rating the fundraising from law- suffering. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there making. That not only will drive It goes to the very heart of what Sen- any other Senators in the Chamber de- money out of politics, it will help us to ators MCCAIN and FEINGOLD are trying siring to vote? focus more on lawmaking and less on to achieve in this legislation. I don’t fundraising. subscribe to the notion that it is an in- The result was announced—yeas 74, There is a time and a season for ev- evitability that campaigns should in- nays 25, as follows: erything. That season is after we do crease in cost exponentially as they [Rollcall Vote No. 40 Leg.] our business. Everybody can have their have been. I think you can put on the YEAS—74 say and make their contribution. You brakes. And what Senators MCCAIN and Akaka Dodd Lieberman just can’t do it when we are doing the FEINGOLD are doing is trying to put the Allard Dorgan Lincoln people’s business. brakes on a bit in the area of soft Allen Durbin Lott Mr. DODD. Mr. President, if I may, I money. Our colleague from Oregon is Baucus Enzi McCain will take a couple minutes to conclude. Bayh Feingold Mikulski also trying to put on some brakes, and Bennett Feinstein I have great respect for my friend from Miller I respect that. Biden Fitzgerald Murray Oregon. We serve on committees to- For the reasons articulated by Sen- Bingaman Frist Nelson (FL) Bond Graham gether, and I enjoy working with him ators MCCAIN, FEINGOLD, THOMPSON of Nelson (NE) Boxer Gramm Nickles on numerous issues. There has been a Tennessee, and others, I reluctantly Breaux Grassley Reed lot described as to why the amendment Byrd Hagel oppose this amendment, and I will look Reid Cantwell Harkin is troublesome. There is one element for an opportunity when a modified Roberts not included in the language that I find Carnahan Hatch version may come back. I thank our Carper Hollings Rockefeller appealing, and the public might be at- colleague for raising the subject mat- Chafee Inouye Sarbanes tracted to the fact that this may have Cleland Jeffords Schumer ter. I urge rejection of the amendment. Shelby the net effect of abbreviating sessions I don’t know if any more time is Clinton Johnson Cochran Kennedy Specter of Congress. That may have some ap- being sought. We can yield back the Conrad Kerry Stabenow peal to a certain number of Americans. time left. I think our colleague from Corzine Kohl Thomas If you can only fundraise when Con- Arizona may want to make an appro- Craig Kyl Thompson gress is not in session, we might be Crapo Landrieu Torricelli priate motion. We are prepared to yield Dayton Leahy Voinovich through with business in April or May. back time on our side. DeWine Levin Wellstone Seriously—I am not being facetious in Mr. MCCAIN. Would the Senator those comments—this is a provision yield me 1 minute? NAYS—25 that concerned me a little bit. It goes Mr. DODD. I am happy to yield. Brownback Helms Smith (NH) Bunning Hutchinson Smith (OR) back to the debate we had earlier in Mr. MCCAIN. I say to Senator GOR- Burns Hutchison Snowe the day about the nonincumbent. I un- DON SMITH what I said to him before. Campbell Inhofe Stevens derstand the effort may be to modify We have our staffs working. I believe I Collins Lugar Thurmond this amendment and bring it back at a will be able to table this amendment, Domenici McConnell Warner Edwards Murkowski Wyden later time as a modified amendment. but if not, he wins. If it is tabled, we Ensign Santorum But it also affects the nonincumbent. want to work together with him. It is Gregg Sessions

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 3997 NOT VOTING—1 (Purpose: To amend the Communications ‘‘(B) At least 3 of the 51–100 largest des- Daschle Act of 1934 to require television broadcast ignated market areas (as so defined). stations, and providers of cable or satellite ‘‘(C) At least 3 of the 101–150 largest des- The motion was agreed to. television service, to provide lowest unit ignated market areas (as so defined). Mr. SMITH of Oregon. I move to re- rate to committees of political parties pur- ‘‘(D) At least 3 of the 151–210 largest des- consider the vote and I move to lay chasing time on behalf of candidates) ignated market areas (as so defined). ‘‘(3) BROADCAST STATIONS.—Each random that motion on the table. On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert the following: audit shall include each of the 3 largest tele- The motion to lay on the table was SEC. 305. TELEVISION MEDIA RATES. vision broadcast networks, 1 independent agreed to. (a) LOWEST UNIT CHARGE.—Subsection (b) network, and 1 cable network.’’. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. of section 315 of the Communications Act of (e) DEFINITION OF BROADCASTING STATION.— 1934 (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— Subsection (f) of section 315 of such Act (47 VOINOVICH). The Senator from Con- U.S.C. 315(f)), as redesignated by subsection necticut. (1) by striking ‘‘(b) The charges’’ and in- serting the following: (c)(1) of this section, is amended by inserting ‘‘, a television broadcast station, and a pro- Mr. DODD. Mr. President, as I under- ‘‘(b) CHARGES.— vider of cable or satellite television service’’ stand it now there will be no more ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in votes today. The intention is to lay paragraph (2), the charges’’; before the semicolon. (f) STYLISTIC AMENDMENTS.—Section 315 of (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) down an amendment to be offered by such Act (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; my colleague from New Jersey, and (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘IN GEN- and that debate tomorrow will begin at ERAL.—’’ before ‘‘If any’’; (3) by adding at the end the following: whatever time the majority leader (2) in subsection (f), as redesignated by ‘‘(2) TELEVISION.—The charges made for the brings us into session. Hopefully, we use of any television broadcast station, or a subsection (c)(1) of this section, by inserting might even complete the debate in less provider of cable or satellite television serv- ‘‘DEFINITIONS.—’’ before ‘‘For purposes’’; and than 3 hours. ice, by any person who is a legally qualified (3) in subsection (g), as so redesignated, by candidate for any public office in connection inserting ‘‘REGULATIONS.—’’ before ‘‘The I ask my colleague from New Jersey Commission’’. if that were possible. In which case, the with the campaign of such candidate for nomination for election, or election, to such Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. President, to- very latest would be somewhere around office shall not exceed the lowest charge of morrow I will join my colleagues, Sen- 12:30, if we follow today’s pattern at the station (at any time during the 365-day ators DURBIN, CORZINE and DORGAN, to all. After that, I understand our col- period preceding the date of the use) for the support an amendment designed to re- league from Mississippi has an amend- same amount of time for the same period.’’. duce broadcast rates for political can- (b) RATE AVAILABLE FOR NATIONAL PAR- ment, and after that I think Senator didates and parties. This will be dis- TIES.—Section 315(b)(2) of such Act (47 U.S.C. KERRY of Massachusetts has an amend- cussed at length tomorrow. For this ment, as do Senator WYDEN and Sen- 315(b)(2)), as added by subsection (a), is amended by inserting ‘‘, or by a national evening’s purposes, it is probably best ator WELLSTONE. We have not worked committee of a political party on behalf of to introduce the amendment with the that out yet, but it will be one of those such candidate in connection with such cam- words of David Broder today in the three amendments to be offered. paign,’’ after ‘‘such office’’. Washington Post who writes the cur- Mr. MCCONNELL. I say to my friend (c) PREEMPTION.—Section 315 of such Act rent campaign finance debate: (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— from Connecticut, since Senator COCH- . . .focuses too much on the people who (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) RAN is aligned with your side on this write the checks. It’s time to question, as as subsections (f) and (g), respectively; and issue, we may want to talk about who well, where the money goes. (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol- comes after Senator TORRICELLI. lowing new subsection: There remains no greater factor in Mr. DODD. OK. ‘‘(d) PREEMPTION.— the astronomical expense in political ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in Mr. MCCONNELL. We will discuss campaigns than the rising cost of tele- that and get the lineup set. paragraph (2), a licensee shall not preempt vised political advertising. Nearly $1 the use of a television broadcast station, or billion was spent on political adver- I have been told the majority leader a provider of cable or satellite television tising in the 2000 Federal campaign, a would like us to come in at 9:30, so we service, by an eligible candidate or political 76 percent increase since 1996. As de- can anticipate a vote on the Torricelli committee of a political party who has pur- mand for advertising time rose, adver- amendment at 12:30 or before, depend- chased and paid for such use pursuant to sub- tising rates have risen as well. ing on what time is yielded back. section (b)(2). ‘‘(2) CIRCUMSTANCES BEYOND CONTROL OF LI- In Philadelphia and in New York Mr. DODD. I yield whatever time the CENSEE.—If a program to be broadcast by a City, the cost of some political ads in- Senator from New Jersey would care to television broadcast station, or a provider of creased 50 percent between Labor Day take for the purpose of introducing his cable or satellite television service, is pre- and Election Day. Political candidates amendment. empted because of circumstances beyond the were held hostage by the calendar and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- control of the station, any candidate or party advertising spot scheduled to be broad- the television networks took full ad- ator from New Jersey. cast during that program may also be pre- vantage. By law, candidates are sup- AMENDMENT NO. 122 empted.’’. posed to pay the lowest unit rate for a (d) RANDOM AUDITS.—Section 315 of such station’s most favored commercial ad- Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. President, I Act (47 U.S.C. 315), as amended by subsection vertisers. have an amendment at the desk. I ask (d), is amended by inserting after subsection That is the law. for its immediate consideration. (d) the following new subsection: The problem is that to ensure their The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ‘‘(e) RANDOM AUDITS.— advertisements do not get displaced, clerk will report. ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—During the 45-day period candidates often end up paying the preceding a primary election and the 60-day The assistant legislative clerk read period preceding a general election, the Com- highest rates available. as follows: mission shall conduct random audits of des- This Congress had an intent, and it wrote a law that Members of the Con- The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. ignated market areas to ensure that each TORRICELLI] for himself, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. television broadcast station, and provider of gress have available the lowest unit CORZINE, and Mr. DORGAN, proposes an cable or satellite television service, in those rate available by station. But it isn’t amendment numbered 122. markets is allocating television broadcast happening. That is the purpose of this advertising time in accordance with this sec- amendment. Mr. TORRICELLI. I ask unanimous tion and section 312. In Detroit, 88 percent of the adver- consent the reading of the amendment ‘‘(2) MARKETS.—The random audits con- tisements at one television station ducted under paragraph (1) shall cover the be dispensed with. were sold above the lowest rate. In The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without following markets: ‘‘(A) At least 6 of the top 50 largest des- Minneapolis, 95 percent of all the ad- objection, it is so ordered. ignated market areas (as defined in section vertising sold was above that minimum The amendment is as follows: 122(j)(2)(C) of title 17, United States Code). rate. The lowest unit rate has become

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 3998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 a fiction. Political candidates are com- This simply assures fair access at a lowest unit rate is something that is peting with General Motors, Procter & fair price. It is a necessary component preemptible time, so we don’t rec- Gamble, Ford, and the greatest adver- of campaign finance reform. If we are ommend that you ever buy the lowest tisers in the Nation. We are in a bid- to reduce the amount of money that is unit rate. I think we bought a few spots ding war against commercial interests available as part of the effort to per- at the lowest unit rate. But other than in order to communicate public policy form, reduce the amount of political that, we had to buy nonpreemptible issues with the American people. money in this system in order to en- time so we would make sure we had the There is no greater hypocrisy in our sure the integrity of our Government slots and our message would get to the time than the television networks that and increase public confidence, and if people to whom we wanted to get. have maintained the need for a change we are to reduce these expenditures Mr. TORRICELLI. If I could inter- of a campaign finance system at the without reducing the cost of adver- rupt the Senator, on tomorrow we will same time they are increasing rates tising, there is only one possible result: present to the Senate correspondence during the fall campaigns and gouging Less campaign fundraising will result illustrating exactly the phenomenon to political candidates for more and more in less communication, less informed which the Senator from Nevada was money. Indeed, political advertising is voters, and candidates unable to bring speaking. Political candidates will now the third greatest source of rev- their message to the people. place an ad for $20,000 in compliance enue for the television networks behind There is only one way to avoid this with Federal law at the lowest unit retailers and the automobile compa- eventuality: Reduce the amount of rate, and the television station will nies. campaign money by reducing campaign write back and say: You have an adver- The Torricelli-Durbin-Corzine costs. That is at the heart of the tisement placed at $20,000, and you amendment prevents broadcasters from Torricelli - Corzine - Dorgan - Durbin should know there is a commercial gouging candidates and parties into amendment. buyer for that time. If you do not send paying the highest rates for fixed time I will return tomorrow morning with us another $20,000, you will lose the by: my colleagues. We will present our case slot. We will move your ad where we One, requiring stations to charge at length and I think make a real and intend to move it, which means the candidates and parties the lowest rate lasting contribution to the fight for re- middle of the night. available throughout the year; form. In fact, they take a candidate’s time Two, ensuring that candidates and I yield the floor and suggest the ab- trying to communicate to the Amer- party ads are not bumped by other ad- sence of a quorum. ican people in accordance with Federal vertisers willing to pay more for the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The law at the lowest unit rate, and then time in the bidding war in which we clerk will call the roll. you get into a bidding war with the are now engaged with commercial par- The senior assistant bill clerk pro- commercial interests because the sta- ties; ceeded to call the roll. tion is trying to take advantage of the Three, requiring the FCC to conduct Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. President, I time. They know you advertise in Oc- random checks during the preelection ask unanimous consent that the order tober and September. period to ensure compliance with the for the quorum call be rescinded. Tomorrow we are going to have a law. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without complete example of what the Senator Candidates in markets of all sizes objection, it is so ordered. is discussing. would benefit. A candidate in Alabama Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. President, I Mr. ENSIGN. If the Senator will could save at least 400 percent on one yield to Senator ENSIGN of Nevada. yield again, my personal experience station alone. We have calculated that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- with this has gone on. We just had the a candidate in Los Angeles could save ator from Nevada is recognized. broadcasters from Neveda in our office 75 percent at one station by having this Mr. ENSIGN. Mr. President, I have last week. I don’t blame them for want- lower rate available. been in four very tough campaigns in ing to make a profit. That is their busi- This amendment does not require the last 8 years. I have a lot of experi- ness. I don’t blame them at all. But we broadcasters to allocate candidates ence buying television time. Being a have to spend a lot more time and ef- free time, as indeed is done in almost small State, the State of Nevada, in fort raising money. And this drives up every other industrial democracy in which we only have two media mar- the cost of all of our campaigns simply the world. Many of my colleagues be- kets, it is a lot less expensive than in because of what has happened in the lieve such free time is the answer. We the State of my good friend from New last few election cycles. This phe- are not requiring that in this amend- Jersey. nomenon we are seeing has really hap- ment. In 1994, our television time was a lot pened in the last three or four election We are not altering the content of less expensive. Just in the last 8 years, cycles—this bidding up of the prices their programming nor charging a fee television has literally at least tripled right before election day. for use of the public spectrum. All we in price in my State. At election time, As a matter of fact, when I first got are doing is requiring what we required when the Senator was talking about into this in 1994, the television stations so long ago, but now enforcing it —now the gouging—whatever term you want didn’t like the political season because ensuring that it happens in practice; to use—by the station, there are so it was the time when they lost money that is, that the lowest unit rate be many independent expenditures and so because they used to give out a lot of made available. many candidates advertising on tele- low unit rates. But today they love the This will be discussed in length to- vision that the price goes up. As a mat- election cycles. It is one of their high- morrow. But it is eminently reasonable ter of fact, at the beginning when you est profit margin times—at least that that in a public policy debate, in choos- are doing your budgeting for your cam- is what they tell me—simply because ing leaders of this country, the public paign and you are trying to get the there are so many people trying to get airwaves provided on license to the tel- lowest unit rate, it is supposedly going on the air to advertise. Candidates can- evision networks not be a financial op- to be at the end of the campaign so not get the lowest unit rate. They portunity for the networks to get can- that you can determine how much don’t choose to do it anymore. And didates in a bidding war against com- money you will be able to spend on tel- they have to bid up this time. mercial advertisers, and not taking ad- evision and how much you will be able So I applaud the three Senators for vantage of those weeks before an elec- to put your message out to the voters. bringing this amendment up. I think it tion when advertisers, by necessity, I remember asking my people: What is the right thing to do. I do not know must be placed and, therefore, an op- about this lowest unit rate we heard whether the amendment is going to be portunity for the networks to increase about? I always hear about that in adopted, but I certainly think it is the their rates to take advantage of the every campaign. My campaign people right thing to do. I will be joining with calendar. say that is really a farce, because the you tomorrow in voting for this.

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Mr. TORRICELLI. I thank the Sen- are going to charge us for each one of Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I ator for his help. I believe we will suc- those commercials we put on tele- would like to read into the RECORD the ceed tomorrow on a bipartisan basis. I vision. following article by Stanford law pro- think people recognize the purpose of In the last few years, because of the fessor Kathleen Sullivan, entitled campaign finance reform is not that huge increases, obviously, we have had ‘‘Paying Up Is Speaking Up.’’ In it, she the United States have less political to adjust our budgets. From that point notes that politics and political cam- debate, not that the American people we go forward and determine how much paigns are far cleaner today than they will be less informed, but that there money we need to raise in our cam- were in the days of Tammany Hall. She will be less money in the system. If we paigns. That is why the cost of cam- also notes that in Bucklay v. Valeo the are to achieve both—and that is, to paigns has continued to go up and up Supreme Court made things worse by have people to be well informed but and up and up. From 1995 to 1998, we striking down expenditure limits while have less money in the system, and spent about $3.5 million in our first upholding contribution units, resulting build confidence—we have to lower the Senate race. In our second Senate race, in a situation where government may cost of campaigns. This is the way to just 2 years later, we spent almost $5 limit the supply of political money but do it—on the public airways. million. That is the reality. Mail costs not the demand. Unfortunately, we are not doing what about the same, and radio has gone up Professor Sullivan says: is done in Britain or France or Eng- a little bit but not too badly, and al- Those who claim that our political system land, which is providing this time free most all of the increase has been be- is awash in money, corruption and influence because they are public airwaves. We cause of the cost of television. peddling were predictably upset that the are taking a very modest step. Indeed, Mr. TORRICELLI. If I could share Senate again defeated the campaign finance we are only putting into law what real- one of my own experiences: In 1996, in restriction proposed by Senators Russell ly, in fact, was in the law but now is my own Senate race, we tried to buy Feingold and John McCain. The Senate’s the advertising in advance. We knew, failure to ban ‘‘soft money’’—large contribu- being evaded, and that is this require- tions to political parties that are made to ment of lowest unit rate. as did the Senator, how many points we wanted to buy. We offered to send avoid tight restrictions on donations to can- Indeed, the Senator’s experience in didates—drew laments from editorial pages Las Vegas is not unusual. He has seen the money to television. They would to corporate boardrooms, where some busi- a 300-percent increase during this dec- not take it because they wanted to in- ness executives now plead, ‘‘Stop us before ade. As I pointed out, the national av- crease the rates. They told us in ad- we spend again.’’ erage, in just 4 years, is 76 percent. vance: These rates will not hold. We The advocates of new, improved campaign There is no cost of business for any in- will not take your money. The more finance reform are well-intentioned but mis- guided. Of course none of us wishes to live in dustry I know of that is rising faster they see the demand from political candidates, the more they increase the a plutocracy, where wealth alone determines than the cost of advertising for a polit- political clout. But as Senator Mitch McCon- ical candidate. But what is unbeliev- cost. Now, to the point, if we are to have a nell noted in a heated exchange with Senator able is, in the entire national debate on McCain, American politics today is far from $1,000 limit on all expenditures under campaign finance reform, this has ‘‘corrupt’’ in the traditional sense. And the McCain-Feingold—no soft money—only largely been absent. most troubling features of political fund- $1,000 contributions, in the city of New It is as if candidates are raising raising today are the unintended con- York an ad covering much of the State money because they enjoy it, that sequences of earlier efforts at campaign fi- of New Jersey can be $60,000 or $70,000. nance reform. somehow people like to raise money So it will take 70 people writing $1,000 Begin with the allegations of ‘‘corruption.’’ because it is entertaining. People are contributions to pay for one ad—one. Contributions to candidates and parties raising these phenomenal amounts of The point becomes, how many people today do not line anybody’s pockets, as they money for one purpose: to feed the tele- do you need? How much do you have to did in the heyday of machines like Tammany vision networks that are demanding it, raise to run a television campaign? Ef- Hall. Vigilant media and law enforcement now nip improper personal enrichment in the and holding the political system hos- fectively, for a candidate in New York tage. bud, as politicians involved in the savings today, we will never see another Sen- and loan scandals found out to their det- So I suggest that tomorrow Mr. ate campaign that costs less than $25 Brokaw and Mr. Jennings and Mr. riment. million. At that rate, how many thou- Political money today instead goes di- Rather, who have led this campaign for sands and thousands and thousands of rectly into political advertising, a quin- campaign finance reform—we are join- people have to write $1,000 contribu- tessential form of political speech. Our large ing them and going to make the point tions? There is no escaping this addic- electoral districts and weak political parties that rather than being a critic of it, tion of money until we lower these force candidates to communicate directly you can make a contribution. This is with large groups of voters. This depends on costs. the use of the privately owned mass media. their way of making a contribution. We I am very grateful the Senator from are going to lead them to do so tomor- Thus getting the candidate’s message out is Nevada has joined this cause. I am very expensive. row. grateful on a bipartisan basis it seems Reformers sometimes decry today’s polit- Would the Senator like to add a overwhelmingly the Senate is prepared ical advertising as repetitious and reductive. point? now to have the second leg on the chair But it is not clear what golden age of high- Mr. ENSIGN. If the Senator will fur- of campaign finance reform—control minded debate they hark back to; the ante- ther yield, to just give the American the money, control the costs, and then cedents of the spot ad are, after all, the bumper sticker and slogans like ‘‘Tippecanoe people a little bit of insight into how we have a balanced program for gen- campaigns work, when you are setting and Tyler, Too.’’ uine reform. Nor is there any doubt that restrictions on up your budget, in the beginning you I thank the Senator. I look forward set up your TV target market and how political money amount to restrictions on to being with him in the debate tomor- political speech. Reformers sometimes say much you want to advertise—not how row. they merely seek to limit money, not speech. many dollars you want to put into it I yield the floor. But a law, say, barring newspapers from ac- but what level of penetration into the Mr. WARNER addressed the Chair. cepting paid political advertisements or lim- market you want to get, something The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- iting the prices of political books would also called the gross rating point. And we ator from Virginia. limit only the exchange of money. Yet no determine each week from election day Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I com- one would question that it would inhibit po- backward approximately how many mend our colleagues from New Jersey litical speech—as do restrictions on cam- points we would like to get in the mar- and Nevada. This exchange between paign finance. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court only ket. That will determine how much of these two fine Senators represents the half recognized this point when, in 1976, it our message gets to the voters. Then quality of the debate the Senate is now struck down limits on political expenditures we try to figure out, after we do that, experiencing on this important issue of while upholding limits on political gifts. Ex- approximately how much the stations campaign finance reform. penditures, the Court reasoned, may not be

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 limited in order to level the playing field, McCain, R-Ariz., calls the ‘‘corrupting chase ties designed to disparage or promote federal but political contributions may be limited to for ‘soft money.’ ’’ Curb the influence of cor- candidates. Indeed, for some incumbents fac- prevent the reality or appearance that big porations and labor unions. Stop special in- ing re-election battles, these provisions are contributors will have disproportionate in- terests from polluting our politics with the main attraction of the McCain-Feingold- fluence. So we still have in place the 1974 law ‘‘sham issue ads.’’ Mandate greater public Cochran bill. ‘‘We’re totally defenseless limiting individual contributions to a Fed- disclosure of political spending. against the juggernaut of huge, unregulated, eral candidate to $1,000 per election—the But in reality, the McCain-Feingold-Coch- undisclosed expenditures’’ by independent equivalent of about $383 in 1999 dollars—and, ran campaign finance bill would make our groups, Sen. Thad Cochran, R-Miss., who perversely, candidates must spend ever more politics worse, not better, by further en- faces an election next year, told the Wall time chasing an ever larger number of do- trenching incumbents against challengers, Street Journal. nors. by weakening our political parties, by in- This part of the bill would, in the words of The Court’s noble but flawed attempt at creasing the influence of wealthy individuals Brooklyn Law School professor Joel M. compromise leaves us in the worst of all pos- and huge media corporations, by stifling po- Gora, who has long worked with the Amer- sible worlds: government may limit the sup- litical debate, and by attacking the First ican Civil Liberties Union on campaign fi- ply of political money but not the demand. Amendment’s premise that political speech nance issues, ‘‘effectively silence a great This is a situation that in a commercial set- should be free and uninhibited, not hobbled deal of issue speech and advocacy by non- ting would produce a black or gray market, by a maze of prohibitions and regulations. partisan citizen groups, organizations, labor and politics is no different. Instead of money We might be able to make our politics unions, corporations, and individuals.’’ It flowing directly to candidates, it flows to cleaner and fairer by supplementing private would altogether bar for-profit corporations parties as soft money, or to independent ad- campaign funding with some form of public and unions from buying television or radio vocacy organizations for issue ads that often financing to help give voice to candidates ads, or giving independent groups money to imply support for or opposition to specific and causes with scant financial resources. buy ads, that so much as mention—let alone candidates. (More on that next week.) We will not criticize or praise—a federal candidate dur- Political spending and speech thus have achieve this by piling onerous new restric- ing the critical 60 days before an election been shifted away from the candidates, who tions on privately funded speech. and the 30 days before any primary. These are accountable to the voters, to organiza- Our experience with the current curbs on are precisely the periods during which the tions that are much harder for the voters to campaign contributions, which were enacted public is most attentive to debate about po- monitor and discipline—a result that turns in the early 1970s, should be sobering. Spread litical issues and candidates. The bill would democracy on its head. through hundreds of pages of almost indeci- also prohibit independent groups from buy- Reform proposals such as McCain-Feingold pherable legalese understood only by special- ing such pre-election issue ads unless they proceed on the assumption that the answer ists, these curbs are filled with traps, tech- set up unwieldy separate, segregated funds is to keep on shutting down ‘‘loopholes’’ in nicalities, and opportunities for selective en- that shun corporate and union money and the system. But in a system of private own- forcement by politically appointed bureau- publicly disclose all individual contributions ership and free expression, we can never shut crats and judges. Their main impact has above $1,000. all the loopholes down. If the wealthy cannot been to force federally elected officials and An even more radical provision would ex- bankroll campaigns, they can buy news- their challengers to spend a huge percentage pose such groups to possible legal sanctions papers or set up lobbying organizations that of their waking hours soliciting ever-smaller if they do anything, at any time, that might will draft legislation rather than campaign (after inflation) contributions from ever- help any candidate with whom they have ads. When the cure has been worse than the larger numbers of people. Meanwhile, incum- ‘‘coordinated’’—a term defined so broadly disease, the solution is not more doses of the bents have become harder to defeat, the in- and vaguely as to encompass almost any same medicine. fluence of special interests has grown, voter contacts with candidates or their aides—in Does this mean we should eliminate all turnout has declined, and public confidence working on issues of mutual interest. So re- campaign finance regulation? Certainly not. in our political system has plunged. strictive are these ‘‘coordination’’ rules that Even if we give up on contribution limits, we The solution, say McCain and other ‘‘re- some of McCain-Feingold-Cochran’s biggest should retain and enhance mandatory disclo- formers,’’ is to plug loopholes in the current champions might have run afoul of them had sure and public subsidies—two kinds of gov- laws—first and foremost, by ending the abil- they been in effect during the 1999–2000 elec- ernment intervention that are consistent ity of wealthy individuals, corporations, and tion cycle. Common Cause, for example, with both democracy and the Constitution. unions to circumvent the limits on ‘‘hard- worked closely (‘‘coordinated’’) with McCain Mandatory disclosure of the amounts and money’’ contributions to candidates by giv- in late 1999 on strategies for promoting his sources of political contributions enables the ing their political parties unlimited sums of bill, while spending lots of its own soft voters themselves, aided by the press, to fol- soft money to be spent promoting the can- money touting the bill (and McCain) to the low the money and hold their representa- didates. This would make it harder for politi- public, at a time when McCain himself was tives accountable if they smell the foul cians to extort money from those who would putting campaign finance reform at the cen- aroma of undue influence. Such disclosure is prefer not to give. That is good. But it would ter of his presidential candidacy. Under his an extraordinarily powerful and accessible also weaken the parties’ ability to finance own bill, such routine political activities in- tool in the age of the Internet. indisputably healthy grass-roots activities volving Common Cause and McCain might be And more widespread public subsidies, like such as voter education, registration, and deemed illegal corporate campaign contribu- those now given in presidential and some turnout drives, while spurring the many tions. state races, could, if given early in cam- companies, unions, and individuals who want Nor is McCain-Feingold-Cochran’s require- paigns, help political challengers reach the to be active in politics to take their money ment that independent groups disclose the critical threshold amounts they need to get elsewhere. That is very bad. names of all donors of more than $1,000 for their messages out. The most obvious outlet for private money pre-election issue ads as innocuous as it may In ongoing debates about campaign finance would be to fund so-called issue advertise- seem. It is, some independent groups argue, reform, it is worth remembering that free ments praising their preferred candidates mainly for the benefit not of the public, but speech principles bar the creation of ceilings and attacking their adversaries, either di- of powerful incumbents and other politicians on political money, but they do not bar the rectly or by giving to one or more of the in- who might use pressure and intimidation to raising of floors. terest groups that buy such ads. These deter people from funding issue ads the poli- Mr. President, I would also like to groups range from the Chamber of Com- ticians don’t like. Thus could a bill that pur- merce, the National Right to Life Com- ports to curb the influence of Big Money in read into the RECORD a recent article mittee, and the National Rifle Association politics have the effect of increasing the by Stuart Taylor Jr. of the National on the right to labor unions, Planned Par- power of politicians to silence critics both Journal entitled ‘‘How McCain-Fein- enthood, and the Sierra Club on the left. big and small. gold Would Constrict Speech.’’ It ex- Such a governmentally engineered shift of Fortunately, McCain-Feingold-Cochran’s plains how McCain-Feingold would money and power from the parties—our most proposed restrictions on issue ads and inde- make our political system worse, not broad-based vehicles for citizen participation pendent groups will have trouble getting better. It notes that each new step in politics—to single-issue groups and other through Congress now that the AFL–CIO is down the road of restricting political ideologically driven organizations would opposing them—a major break with its usual speech and political spending actually warp our political discourse. Democratic allies. And even if enacted, these Not to worry, McCain and his allies say, we restrictions have little chance of surviving creates new problems. also have a plan to curb the financial clout judicial review. They fly in the face of rules Mr. Taylor’s article says: of corporations, unions, and independent in- laid down by the Supreme Court in a long It all sounds so clean, so wholesome, so terest groups. This proposal (Title II of the line of First Amendment decisions that guar- righteous: close the loopholes in our cam- bill) would severely restrict such organiza- antee that issue advocacy by independent paign finance laws. End what Sen. John tions’ spending on issue ads and other activi- groups, corporations, and unions will enjoy

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4001 broad protection from all forms of official squeaked into office as the candidate of New What is needed is not more restrictions on regulation, including public disclosure re- York’s Conservative Party. My co-plaintiffs speech but a re-examination of the premises quirements. included Sen. Eugene McCarthy, whose pri- underlying the existing ones. Recent races In any event, any portion of McCain-Fein- mary challenge caused President Lyndon have exploded the myth that money can gold-Cochran that manages to get through Johnson to withdraw his bid for re-election; ‘‘buy’’ an election. Ask Michael Huffington, Congress and past the courts would not take the very conservative American Conserv- who lost his Senate bid in California after Big Money out of politics. The bill would, ative Union; the equally liberal New York spending $28 million. The voters always have rather, increase the relative power of those Civil Liberties Union; the Libertarian Party; the final say. What money can buy is the ex- moneyed interests that remain unregulated. and Stewart Mott, a wealthy backer of lib- posure challengers need to have a chance. These would include individuals rich enough eral causes who had contributed $200,000 to And while large contributions can corrupt, to finance their own campaigns, such as Ross the McCarthy presidential campaign. We studies of voting patterns confirm that that Perot, Steve Forbes, and the four Senate were a group of political underdogs and inde- concern in vastly overstated. The over- candidates (all Democrats) who each spent pendents; and although we spanned the ideo- whelming majority of wealthy donors back more than $5 million of their own money to logical spectrum, we shared a deep concern candidates with whom they already agree, win their races. This group was topped by that the 1974 act would dramatically in- and they are far more tolerant of differences Jon Corzine’s $60 million purchase of a seat crease the difficulties already faced by those on this point or that than are the PACs to to represent New Jersey. Power would also challenging incumbents and the political which a candidate will otherwise turn. flow to the national news media, which are status quo. An alternative safeguard against corrup- owned by huge corporations such as AOL- Incumbents enjoy formidable advantages, tion is readily available—the daily posting of Time Warner and General Electric, are including name recognition, access to the contributions on the Internet. This would staffed by journalists with their own biases, media, and the goodwill gained from han- enable voters to judge whether a particular and are busily clamoring for restrictions on dling constituent problems. A challenger, on contribution might corrupt its recipient. the campaign-related spending and First the other hand, must persuade both the What makes no sense is to retain a set of Amendment rights of everybody else. media and potential contributors that his rules that make it impossible for a Stewart Those reformers who are most serious candidacy is credible. This can require a sub- Mott to provide a Eugene McCarthy with the about driving Big Money out of politics see stantial amount of seed money. As we testi- seed money for a challenge to a sitting presi- McCain-Feingold-Cochran as only a first, fied, Sen. McCarthy could not have launched dent, or that make elective politics the play- tiny step. They would also cap campaign a serious challenge to a sitting president and ground of the super rich. spending by wealthy candidates—a step that I could not have won election as a third- The problem today is not that too much would require overruling the Supreme party candidate under the present law. Large money is spent on elections. Proctor & Gam- Court’s landmark 1976 decision in Buckley contributions from a few early supporters es- ble spends more in advertising than do all vs. Valeo. And a few reformers have asserted tablished us as viable candidates. Once the political campaigns and parties in an elec- that, in the words of associate professor media took us seriously, we were able to tion cycle. The problem is that the electoral Richard L. Hazen of Loyola University Law reach out to our natural constituencies for process is saddled by a tangle of laws and School in Los Angeles: ‘‘The principle of po- financial support and to attract the cadres of regulations that restrict the ability of citi- litical equality means that the press, too, volunteers that characterized our cam- zens to make themselves heard and that rig should be regulated when it editorializes for paigns. the political game in favor of the most privi- or against candidates.’’ Although we won a number of the argu- leged players. And because congressional in- Each new step down this road of restrict- ments we presented in Buckley, we lost the cumbents are the beneficiaries of the tilted ing political spending and speech creates critical one when the court held that the playing field, it is fanciful to believe that new problems and new inequities, fueling limits on contributions were constitutional. Congress will re-write the rule book to give new demands to close ‘‘loopholes’’ by adding Experience, however, has vindicated our wor- outsiders an even break. ever-more-sweeping restrictions. How far ries over the practical consequences of these We have nothing to fear from unfettered might campaign finance reformers go if they and other provisions of the 1974 act. political debate and everything to gain. could have their way? Was McCain serious The legislation was supposed to de-empha- American democracy can ill afford govern- when he said on Dec. 21, 1999. ‘‘If I could size the role of money in federal elections ment control of the political marketplace; think of a way constitutionally, I would ban and encourage broader participation in the but that is where today’s reformers would negative ads’’? Shades of the Alien and Sedi- political process. Instead, by limiting the lead us. tion Acts. size of individual contributions, it has made Politics will always be a messy business. fund raising the central preoccupation of in- f Money will always talk. And the cure of leg- cumbents and challengers alike; and it cre- MORNING BUSINESS islating political purity and purging private ated a bureaucracy, the Federal Election money will always be worse than the disease. Commission, that has issued regulations gov- Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask Finally, Mr. President, I would like erning independent spending that are so unanimous consent that there now be a to read into the RECORD an article by complex and have made the costs of a period for the transaction of morning Judge James Buckley entitled ‘‘Cam- misstep so great that grassroots action has business with Senators permitted to paign Finance: Why I Sued in 1974.’’ virtually disappeared from the political speak for up to 10 minutes each. Judge Buckley was the lead plaintiff in scene. Today, anyone intrepid enough to en- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the landmark campaign finance case of gage in such activities is well advised to hire objection, it is so ordered. a lawyer; and even then, he must be prepared Buckley v. Valeo. This article provides to engage in protracted litigation to prove f an important historical context to the his independence. DIRECTED ENERGY AND NON- current debate over restricting Cam- Legislation that was supposed to democ- LETHAL USE OF FORCE paign finances further. ratize the political process has served in- It says: stead to reinforce the influence of the polit- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise Twenty-five years ago, I was a member of ical establishment. By compounding the dif- today to discuss a serious and effective the Senate majority that voted against the ficulties faced by challengers, it has consoli- use of new technologies in our military legislation that gave us the present limita- dated the advantages of incumbency and in- operations. While I will focus on a spe- tions on campaign contributions. Having lost creased the power of the two major parties. cific directed energy technology, the the debate on the floor, I did what any red- By limiting individual contributions to Joint Non-Lethal Weapons Program Of- $1,000, it has enhanced the political clout of blooded American does these days: I took the fice is involved in many other research fight to the courts as lead plaintiff in Buck- both business and union political action ley v. Valeo. This is the case in which the committees—the notorious PACs. areas that provide innovative solutions Supreme Court held that the 1974 act’s re- Moreover, if today’s reformers succeed in to our military men and women in strictions on campaign spending were uncon- their efforts to restrict ‘‘issue advocacy,’’ their daily missions. stitutional but that its limits on contribu- the net effect will be to increase the already Recently, the Marines unveiled a de- tions were permissible in light of Congress’s formidable power of the media. The New vice known as Active Denial Tech- concern over the appearance of impropriety. York Times or The Wall Street Journal will nology, ADT. This is a non-lethal The issue of campaign finance is again be- be free to throw their enormous influence be- weapons system based on a microwave hind a particular candidate or cause through fore the Senate. Unfortunately, today’s re- source. This device, mounted on a formers are apt to make a badly flawed sys- Election Day. But public interest groups tem even worse. would be denied the right to advertise their humvee or other mobile platform, To understand why, it is instructive to disagreement with the Times or the Journal could serve as a riot control method in take a look at the Buckley plaintiffs. I had during the final weeks of a campaign. our peacekeeping operations or in

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 other situations involving civilians. merely one device on a list of research pressure on Qadhafi until he accepts re- This project and technology was kept and development endeavors currently sponsibility for the actions of Libya’s classified until very recently. underway by the Pentagon’s Joint Non- intelligence officer, tells what the Gov- The Pentagon noted that further Lethal Weapons Program. ernment of Libya knows about the testing, both on humans and, evi- I would encourage my colleagues to bombing and compensates the families dently, goats will be done to ensure get briefed on the mission and projects of the victims for this horrible tragedy. that it truly is a non-lethal method of in the Non-Lethal Weapons Program. I urge my colleagues to read Ms. crowd control or a means to disperse Further, I believe that the tunability Bernstein’s remarks as we consider the potentially hostile mobs. The notion of microwave and laser technologies reauthorization of the Iran-Libya that the Pentagon is using ‘‘micro- will offer a palette of readily available Sanctions Act. waves’’ on humans, and especially on options to address operational needs in I ask unanimous consent that her animals, has inflamed some human and both traditional and non-traditional statement be printed in the RECORD. animal rights groups. Among others it military operations, and I fully support There being no objection, the mate- has simply sparked fear that a new further funding of research in this rial was ordered to be printed in the weapon exists that will fry people. area. RECORD, as follows: This is not the case. And, unfortu- f REMARKS OF STEPHANIE L. BERNSTEIN—CON- nately, few of the media reports offer FERENCE ON U.S.-LIBYAN RELATIONS AFTER sufficient detail or comparisons to TRIBUTE TO ARMY SERGEANT THE LOCKERBIE TRIAL: WHERE DO WE GO clarify the value of such a system or PHILLIP FRELIGH FROM HERE? put its use in perspective. While ADT is Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I MARCH 16, 2001. ‘‘tunable,’’ the energy cannot be rise today to extend my sympathies to I would like to thank the Atlantic Council, ‘‘tuned up’’ to a level that would imme- the families and loved ones of those the Middle East Institute, and the Woodrow killed during the recent Naval training Wilson Center for inviting me to participate diately cause permanent damage to in this conference. human subjects. exercise in Kuwait. Of the five U.S. I have been asked to talk from my perspec- The technology does not cause injury military personnel killed in the acci- tive as someone whose life has been pro- due to the low energy levels used. ADT dent, Sergeant Phillip Freligh, whom I foundly and permanently altered by the ac- does cause heat-induced pain that is intend to pay tribute to today, was tions of the government of Libya. I am not a nearly identical to briefly touching a from my home state of Arkansas. diplomat or a politician, but an average cit- lightbulb that has been on for a while. Army Sgt. Phillip Freligh, of izen of a country, 189 of whose citizens were However, unlike a hot lightbulb, the Paragould, AR, graduated in 1993 from brutally murdered on December 21, 1988. The Greene County Tech and enlisted in the impact of this savage act of mass murder energy propagated at this level does was described in eloquent terms by the Lord not cause rapid burning. Within a few Army later that same year. He at- Advocate of Scotland during his remarks to seconds the pain induced by this en- tended jump training and was assigned the Scottish Court just prior to its sen- ergy beam is intended to cause the sub- to the 82nd Airborne Division. He then tencing of the defendant, Megrahi, who was ject to run away rather than to con- was trained as a bomb specialist and found guilty of murder on January 31, 2001: tinue to experience pain. was assigned to the 734th Explosive Or- ‘‘More than 400 parents lost a son or daugh- Such technologies have never before dinance Division in White Sands, NM ter; 46 parents lost their only child; 65 been used in a military or peace- and was on a six month deployment in women were widowed; 11 men lost their wives. More than 140 children lost a parent keeping endeavor. Therefore, there is Kuwait when the accident occurred. and 7 children lost both parents.’’ naturally suspicion or fear of the un- I want to express my deepest regret I would like to tell you briefly about one of known and usually the worst is imag- and sympathies to the family and the 270 people who was murdered in the ined. I believe this is unwarranted, es- friends of Sgt. Freligh as well as the Lockerbie bombing. My husband, Mike Bern- pecially when one considers the cur- families of all the servicemen who lost stein, was an ordinary person who died an ex- rently available options in these types their lives in this tragic accident. We traordinary death. His dreams were simple: of military situations. owe it to all of our brave servicemen he wanted to guide his children into adult- Think of 1993 in Somalia. The U.S. and those who serve with them to do hood. He wanted to grow old with his wife. He wanted to do work which brought him lost 18 soldiers and somewhere between our best to uncover the cause of this satisfaction and which made the world a bet- 500 and 1,000 Somalis were killed on the tragedy, and to do our utmost to pre- ter place than he found it. He graduated with streets of Mogadishu. The Somalis used vent it from happening again. Theirs is distinction and high honors from the Univer- children as human shields, and our a dangerous profession, and this tragic sity of Michigan, and received his law degree military was forced to fire on angry accident reminds us of the debt we owe from the University of Chicago, where he crowds of civilians, some civilians hav- to those who serve. I join the Presi- was an associate editor of the Law Review. ing automatic rifles and grenades. dent, Secretary Rumsfeld, and my col- Mike was the Assistant Deputy Director of Peacekeeping operations are not void leagues in saluting the courage, com- the Office of Special Investigations at the of lethal threats. Oftentimes our mili- U.S. Department of Justice. This office finds, mitment and sacrifice of these service- denaturalizes, and deports persons from the tary is confronted with armed civilians men. United States who participated in Nazi or situations where unarmed, defense- f atrocities during World War II. Mike left two less civilians are intermixed and indis- children, ages 7 and 4, a wife, a mother, and tinguishable from persons possessing STEPHANIE BERNSTEIN’S countless friends. He was 36 years old. lethal means. ADDRESS ON PAN AM FLIGHT 103 Over the last 12 years, the family members Regardless of the new Administra- Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, on of those who were murdered in the Lockerbie tion’s approach to involvement of the Friday, March 16, Stephanie Bernstein, have worked hard for some measure of jus- U.S. military in non-traditional oper- who lost her husband on Pan Am flight tice. As a result of our efforts, and with the support of our many friends on Capitol Hill, ations, I believe these types of missions 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, addressed legislation has been passed which sought to will continue to be a staple of our mili- a conference on the future of Libyan- make aviation safer from terrorist acts and tary’s daily operations for a long time American relations hosted by the to put pressure on countries such as Libya to come. Further, these missions often Woodrow Wilson International Center which have been state sponsors of terrorism. involve situations that render U.S. sol- for Scholars, the Atlantic Council, and The Aviation Security Act of 1992, the Lau- diers vulnerable or threaten the lives the Middle East Institute. tenberg Amendment, and the Iran-Libya of innocent civilians. Ms. Bernstein’s remarks are insight- Sanctions Act would not be law without the I believe that the applications of di- ful and show, in very real human efforts of the Lockerbie families. On January 31 of this year, we achieved an- rected energy technologies in these and terms, the pain suffered by the other victory when Abdel Basset al-Megrahi, other operations can provide a more Lockerbie families. They also dem- a Libyan security agent (JSO), was convicted humane and militarily effective ap- onstrate the need for the U.S. and the of the murders of my husband and 269 others. proach. Active denial technology is international community to keep the The Scottish Court was strong in its opinion

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4003 that Megrahi was acting at the behest of the I find these efforts to promote business at ities to the families and to the international Libyan government: the expense of justice to be deeply dis- community. As for the families and our sup- ‘‘The clear inference which we draw from turbing. I am afraid that comments such as porters in Congress being ‘‘kept under con- this evidence is that the conception, plan- those by Mr. Dunham and Mr. Mandela send trol’’—we have been invigorated by the ver- ning and execution of the plot which led to a message that terrorists and the countries dict of the Scottish court, and we will not go the planting of the explosive device was of which sponsor or harbor them will not have away. Libyan origin.’’ (p.75) to pay a significant price for their actions. f ‘‘We accept the evidence that he was a When we allow ourselves to believe, as is a member of the JSO, occupying posts of fairly popular view now, that encouraging business SWORD TO PLOUGHSHARES high rank.’’ (p. 80) relationships with countries such as Libya Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I rise Since the verdict, the Bush administration which carry out terrorist acts will somehow today to discuss some efforts in defense has been firm in its insistence that Libya inoculate us against further terrorist at- conversion that are reaping great abide by the terms of the U.N. Security tacks, I believe that we are dangerously Council Resolutions, which call for Libya to gains. In the book, ‘‘The Idea of Na- naive. Is it really good business to do busi- tional Interest’’, Charles Beard wrote: accept responsibility for the bombing, and ness with terrorists? Every corporation rep- for payment of appropriate compensation to resented in this room today must ask if it is Government might legitimately take the the families. The sanctions are rooted in the worth it to resume business in a country initiative and pursue some interests aggres- concept in international law that a govern- whose leader refuses to acknowledge his re- sively. Furthermore, it might make use of ment is responsible for the wrongful acts of sponsibility for the mass murder of 270 its own citizens and their interests to ad- its officials. human beings. Anyone in this room could vance the national interest. In a meeting with family members on Feb- have easily had a loved one on Pan Am 103. Early on U.S. foreign policy for the ruary 8 of this year, Secretary of State Colin Where do we go from here? The govern- Former Soviet Union, FSU, was de- Powell was clear in detailing the Bush ad- ment of Libya and Col. Gaddafi must accept signed to do just that: make use of U.S. ministration’s policy: responsibility for the bombing of Pan Am 103 citizens’ interest to advance our na- ‘‘President Bush intends to keep the pres- and the murders of 270 people. The govern- tional security objectives. sure on the Libyan leadership, pressure to ment of Libya must pay appropriate com- Today, I would like to briefly under- fulfill the remaining requirements of the pensation to the families. The government of U.N. Security Council, including Libya’s ac- score some successes, specifically in the United States must continue to pursue cepting responsibility for the actions of its the realm of defense conversion. Before and develop information leading to the in- officials and paying appropriate compensa- doing so, however, I wanted to offer dictments, arrest, and conviction of the oth- tion.’’ some insights regarding the scope of The Bush administration has stated that ers responsible for the bombing. The world the problem. community must realize that lifting the the investigation into the Lockerbie bomb- First, the legacies of a command ing is still open. A $5 million dollar award is sanctions against Libya before Libya has fully complied with them sends a signal that economy were prevalent in all nations still in place for information leading to the behind the Iron Curtain. Such legacies arrest and conviction of others involved in the civilized countries of the world are not serious about going after perpetrators of included: a structure of production the bombing. State Department spokesman dominated by heavy industry, distorted Richard Boucher said last month that the mass murder. The business community must United States will follow the evidence know that sweeping Pan Am 103 under the factor and product prices, antiquated ‘‘wherever it leads.’’ Secretary Powell, in his rug will, ultimately, not be good for busi- or obsolescent capital stock, inad- meeting with the families, elaborated on this ness. We must press for renewal of the Iran- equate skills to compete in a modern as well: Libya Sanctions Act which is due to expire economy; a neglected infrastructure, ‘‘However we resolve this and however we in August. We must re-impose the U.N. sanc- severe environmental degradation, tions if the Libyan government does not move forward from this point on, we reserve trade oriented towards other uncom- the right to continue to gather more evi- comply with the terms of the original sanc- tions. Support for these positions is em- petitive markets, and large volumes of dence and to bring more charges and new non-performing loans and heavy for- indictments...So accepting responsibility bodied in a current Sense of Congress resolu- tion which has bipartisan support. eign debt. as a leader of a nation, and as a nation, The FSU was no exception with re- doesn’t excuse other criminals who might Finally, I think it is vital for everyone to come to the fore and be subject to indict- know that the Pan Am families will not go spect to inheritance of these burdens ment.’’ away. In a Reuters article dated February 13 and impediments. And despite all these Unfortunately, there are others who have of this year, Saad Djebbar, a London based similarities with other eastern Euro- not supported the reasonable aims of the Se- lawyer who has advised the Libyan govern- pean states, the FSU, especially Rus- curity Council, the United States, and Great ment was quoted as follows: sia, was unique in one very important Britain. In an interview with The Indepdent ‘‘The more the United States sticks to the way. on February 9 of this year, Nelson Mandela, original agreement that the aim of the proc- For Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and ess was the surrender and trial of the two ac- who helped broker the agreement which per- Kazakhstan ‘‘heavy industry’’ was that suaded Gaddafi to turn the suspects over for cused, the more the Libyans will cooperate and compensate the families.’’ of defense. Fifty-two percent of Rus- trial, accused the U.S. and Great Britain of sia’s industry was involved in military- having ‘‘moved the goalposts’’ on the issue of I interpret this to mean that if the families lifting sanctions. back off, the government of Libya will pay related research, design and manufac- ‘‘The condition that Gaddafi must accept compensation to the families. This cynical turing. In Ukraine, Belarus, and responsiblity for Lockerbie is totally unac- approach dishonors the memories of our Kazakhstan, the defense industry com- ceptable. As President for five years I know loved ones and we will never agree to it. Con- prised about fifteen percent of their that my intelligence services many times tinuing to pursue what and who was behind heavy industry. didn’t inform me before they took action. the Lockerbie bombing and the acceptance This distinction made the Soviet in- Sometimes I approved, sometime I rep- of responsibility by the Libyan government dustry not merely an economic con- rimanded them. Unless it’s clear that are goals which will not be abandoned by the cern, but rather a central threat to families. Gaddafi was involved in giving orders it’s un- international security. As Soviet cen- fair to act on that basis. Another British expert on Libya, George I ask: is it really possible to believe that a Joffe, was quoted in the same article as fol- tral authority deteriorated, control Libyan intelligence agent would carry out a lows: over its massive military complex also massive operation such as the downing of a ‘‘Gaddafi knows he’s going to have to pay crumbled. As such international secu- passenger aircraft without approval from compensation. The question is whether he rity concerns are not limited to issues those higher up the chain of command? can control the domestic agenda and curb his of control over nuclear weapons and Similarly, oil companies, some of whom I own tongue over the next few months, and material, but include attaining a de- know are represented here today, have seen whether extremists on the other side of the gree of economic stability to offer sta- the verdict as the first step in resuming nor- Atlantic among the families and their sup- ble employment to a vast number of mal relations with Libya. Archie Dunham, porters in Congress can be kept under con- persons in military and military-re- the Chairman and Chief Executive of Conoco, trol.’’ stated last month that he was ‘‘very opti- The ultimate resolution of the rift between lated occupations, especially scientists mistic’’ that President Bush will lift the uni- the United States and Libya does not hinge and engineers in that sector. lateral U.S. sanctions against Libya, in part on whether Gaddafi can ‘‘keep his tongue.’’ The threat was apparent; the risk of because of the President and Vice President The ultimate resolution will come when the inadequate action has been readily ap- Cheney’s ties to the Texas oil industry. Libyan government meets its responsibil- parent. The national interest, indeed,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 the global interest, is in securing sta- dustry Coalition, USIC, the industry- I return to the thoughts of Charles bility in the region. Stability in the re- arm of the IPP program, now boasts 96 Beard. In pursuit of its interests, Gov- gion equates with global stability, es- members throughout the U.S. and sev- ernment might make use of citizens’ pecially in light of the potential leak- eral substantial commercial successes interests to advance the national inter- age of knowhow from weapons com- with FSU partners. Through its co- est. This is the foremost objective of plex. operation with CRDF, USIC and the nonproliferation programs that seek to Our approach has come in fits and IPP program now can ensure that fund- create commercial opportunities in the starts. We have not offered a inte- ing for FSU scientists involved in these FSU. grated, comprehensive plan for U.S. research efforts avoids taxation by The statistics and examples I’ve of- economic assistance or nonprolifera- Russian or other officials. This aspect fered above underscore the successes tion programs. Increasingly, however, is critical for maximizing the impact of we’ve achieved. Obviously, our at- we are coming to recognize the inter- U.S. Government or industry invest- tempts have frequently stumbled some- relationship between these two ele- ments to provide stable employment times as a result of our own false starts ments of our Russia policy, even if we and a steady income to FSU scientists. and other times due to circumstances still haven’t achieved a semblance of a Since 1994, the IPP program has en- beyond our control. However, at the strategy. gaged over 6,200 former weapons of same time, we have never faced a situa- I did, however, want to discuss some mass destruction scientists. Impor- tion similar to the collapse of the So- efforts that have succeeded. They are tantly, USIC members usually surpass viet Union. We had never before legis- not sufficient in breadth, depth or fi- cost-sharing arrangements with DOE lated or formulated programs with the nancial means. Nonetheless, there are expenditures totaling $39.3 million express intent of preventing prolifera- an exception to the rule in our efforts versus the $63.4 million invested by tion through promotion of commercial to provide meaningful, stable employ- U.S. industry. Currently, 75 of USIC’s opportunities. We had never confronted ment to former Soviet scientists and members are engaged in 120 cost-shared providing economic development aid to engineers. projects. countries burdened by legacies of a I begin with the efforts of the Cooper- I would like to briefly highlight a re- command economy. From this perspec- ative Research and Development Foun- cent success story in my home state of tive, we’ve made remarkable progress. dation, CRDF. CRDF was created pur- New Mexico. On January 15, I partici- Mr. President, I would conclude on suant to Section 511 of the Freedom pated in a technology demonstration the following note: each concrete suc- Support Act of 1992 in 1995. Its mission and press conference to announce a $20 cessful commercial venture will have is to conduct innovative activities of million international investment in exponential benefits. I am convinced mutual benefit with the countries of technologies jointly developed by a that these ventures will pay off—by the FSU. Further, CRDF was to offer small U.S. engineering company, a mitigating immediate potential pro- Russian nuclear weapons plant, and opportunities to former weapons sci- liferation threats, contributing to a two of the Department of Energy’s fa- entists to achieve transition to produc- stable economy in the region, and ad- tive civilian research. They have been cilities. An entrepreneurial American com- vancing U.S. citizens’ own monetary remarkably successful. pany, Stolar Horizon of Raton, NM, a interests. Since its inception, CRDF has ex- long-standing member of USIC, identi- f pended $16 million of U.S. Government fied a Russian technology with market funds and $1 million from private foun- CONGRATULATING FIRST BOOK potential, then staked over $5 Million dations. The FSU, in turn, has com- Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, last of its own money to develop it. Stolar mitted $4.8 million to these activities. Friday, Congressman MIKE CAPUANO Horizon worked in tandem with Sandia These funds have backed 597 projects and I had the honor of congratulating National Laboratories and the Kansas that supported a total of 4300 scientists First Book for distributing over a quar- City Plant through the IPP program to ter of a million books to children and engineers. test and refine the technology for com- In addition, with major contracts across Massachusetts. My distin- mercial, peaceful applications. from the DOE, DoD, NIH, and EPA as The result: Credit Suisse First Bos- guished colleague from Massachusetts well as industry, CRDF is helping U.S. ton has committed $20 million in fi- is a tireless advocate for ensuring that participants address issues of financial nancing to take the product to the children of all ages obtain the reading integrity in their dealings with the global market. An estimated 350 new materials and skills they need to be- FSU. Over $30 million for over 500 jobs will be created in New Mexico, and come active members of our State and projects has been managed by CRDF over 600 jobs await Russian nuclear sci- of our Nation, and I am happy to have through these contracts. entists and technicians in Nizhny been able to share this important after- The Foundation has committed an Novgorod at the Institute for Meas- noon with him. additional $11.8 million to projects in uring Systems Research, NIIIS, are Thanks to the coordination of First five program areas. planned. Book, the generous donations by Ran- CRDF’s industry programs reduce I would remind everyone that U.S. dom House Children’s Books and Lit- the risk for U.S. companies to engage appropriations in FY2001 for the IPP tle, Brown & Company, and the dedi- FSU scientists. These grants have le- program is only $24.5 million. In this cated volunteers from the Campus Out- veraged 300 percent of U.S. Government one example, Credit Suisse will provide reach Opportunity League, the Coast funds through in cash and in-kind con- an investment equal to 80 percent of Guard and First Book, thousands of tributions from U.S. industry. our own in this fiscal year. children throughout our state who do I would also note that more than 95 The Stolar Horizon/NIIIS success is a not always get the opportunity to re- percent of the collaborations formed in concrete example of the original IPP ceive brand new books, are now enjoy- CRDF awards will continue, whether vision: making the world a safer place ing their gifts. with CRDF support or not. Over 100 through cooperative commercial ef- First Book is making it possible for U.S.-FSU teams are seeking commer- forts leading to long-term, well-paying young children to have access to books cial applications for the products of jobs in both nations. and take the first steps toward learn- their collaborative research. Twenty- The cooperative efforts of USIC ing to read and it is making a real dif- two teams have filed for patents, four- members, DOE–IPP, other U.S. govern- ference in their lives. It is impressive teen of which are joint. ment agencies, and the scientific insti- that last year, First Book was respon- For over a year now CRDF has en- tutes of the NIS are revolutionizing the sible for distributing more than 4 mil- sured financial integrity for Depart- post-Cold War world, creating new op- lion books to children in more than 290 ment of Energy projects under the Ini- portunities for weapons scientists and communities across the country. tiatives for Proliferation Prevention, engineers, and making our world more A 1999 evaluation of First Book con- IPP, program. The United States In- safe and secure. ducted by Lou Harris and funded by the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4005 U.S. Department of Education, showed should pay it down during good times. A tax cut is a priority, but so too is that after a child’s involvement in And some of the surplus should be used fixing our schools, helping family First Book, 55 percent of them reported to do other important things like im- farmers through tough times, dealing an increased interest in reading. Nine- prove our schools, provide emergency with the high prices of prescription ty-eight percent of the local advisory help to family farmers, and help the el- drugs, and strengthening Medicare and boards reported that their community derly afford prescription drug costs. Social Security. Yes, surpluses need to was better off because of the support of There is an effort by some to frame be used to cut taxes and reduce the First Book. this tax cut debate in terms of whether debt, but some should be used to ad- Children need to have reading mate- one supports the President. But it is dress other urgent needs that improve rials outside of school, and even before not about who we support. Rather, it’s our country. they start school. It is the best way to about what we support. What kind of a This debate is larger and more impor- develop a love of reading early in life. tax cut should we enact and how large tant than partisan politics. And these When President Kennedy was young, should it be? decisions are bigger than whether the two of his favorite books were ‘‘Billy Here’s what I think we should do: Congress is supporting a new Presi- Whiskers’’ and ‘‘King Arthur and the One, enact the income tax cut in dent. Round Table.’’ My mother read for end- phases. The projected 10 year budget Our country works best when we less hours to all nine of us, and she was surpluses are just that, projections, think ahead and think together. That conscientious about choosing books and are not at all certain. Therefore we is what we need to do on this issue. that were educational and inspira- should be conservative. Enact the first f tional as well as entertaining. She in- phase of the tax cut now, and make it VETERANS’ HIGHER EDUCATION stilled a love of reading in all of us. retroactive to January 1. In 2 years, if OPPORTUNITIES ACT OF 2001 Reading is the foundation of learning our economy is still producing the ex- and the golden door to opportunity. pected surpluses, add to the tax cut. Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, I am priv- First Book knows that to open a book Two, cut income tax rates and do it ileged to be a cosponsor of the Vet- is to open a child’s mind to a world of in a way that provides fair tax cuts for erans’ Higher Education Opportunities new possibilities. all tax brackets. Act of 2001, S. 131, and I will explain But too many children fail to read at Three, eliminate the marriage tax why this legislation is so important. an acceptable level. Reading is a pleas- penalty in the income tax code. No one from either side of the aisle ure, but today it is also a necessity. Four, simplify filing requirements by questions the importance of education Students who don’t learn to read well allowing ‘‘return free filing’’ for up to as the steppingstone to success in the in their early years cannot keep up in 70 million Americans. 21st century. We all know that the their later years. That is why literacy Five, totally exempt all family farms economy of the future is going to re- programs are so important. They give and family businesses from the estate quire people with specialized training young children practical opportunities tax and increase the estate tax exemp- and skills, while the unskilled labor to learn to read and practice reading. tion to two million dollars for all es- that typified the 18th and 19th cen- As a volunteer for a reading program tates—$4 million for married couples. turies is becoming less and less useful. in Washington, I know that literacy Six, add a tax credit for investments In this regard, it is hardly surprising and mentoring programs make a dif- that are made in rural States, where that Congress is flooded with proposals ference not only for the children who there is out-migration of people. We to enhance access to high-quality ele- participate in them, but the children in should use this opportunity to use tax mentary education, secondary edu- the program make a difference in my cuts to stimulate new jobs and eco- cation, and higher education. I myself life, too. nomic growth in rural states that have have strongly supported expansion of This is the fourth year that Jasmine been left behind. Pell Grants, broadening of student and I have been reading partners at Here are some of the major issues loans, and tax incentives to help fami- Brent Elementary School, and it is that we must consider as we enact this lies pay for a college education. very impressive to see her make tax cut. As we rightly promote the impor- progress as a reader. There is nothing The President’s plan assumes we will tance of government help for higher more exciting for Jasmine and me than have budget surpluses for the next 10 education, it might be useful to recall when we get to choose a brand new years. I hope that is the case, but with that one of the first, and most success- book to read together. the current slowdown in our economy, ful, of these higher education initia- If we all work together, families, we ought to be cautious. Economic tives was the GI bill that was enacted schools and communities, children will forecasts are no more reliable than back in 1944. Following World War II, have the support they need to become weather forecasts. If we lock in a large millions of veterans were able to ob- good readers in their early years, and tax cut and then do not get the ex- tain college educations through the GI gain an appreciation for reading that pected surpluses, we will once again bill, with the result that many were will last a lifetime. put our country in financial trouble. able to attain a standard of living they f One of the major priorities for using could not have imagined. Furthermore, the surplus should be to pay down the all this college-trained talent contrib- TAXES, THE ECONOMY AND THE Federal debt. It grew by trillions in the uted to the burst of economic advances FUTURE 80s and early 90s. Now we have the op- that improved life for all of us over the Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, after portunity and an obligation to use part ensuing decades. nearly a decade of economic growth, of these surpluses to pay down that Fast forward 57 years. We still have a historic gains in productivity and rein- debt. GI bill, and in our highly successful all- ing in the Federal budget deficits, Con- Our Government collects about $1 volunteer military, it turns out that gress is now considering enacting a tax trillion in personal income taxes and the single most important factor that cut. I support a tax cut. And I think it about $650 billion in payroll taxes from attracts many young people to join the should be retroactive to January 1 of individuals each year. The top 1 per- military is the availability of edu- this year to provide a needed boost to cent of all income earners in the U.S. cational benefits after discharge. Yet our economy. pay 21 percent of all taxes, but under the current GI bill suffers from one big Cutting taxes now will be helpful the President’s plan they would receive flaw: the educational stipend is no both to individual taxpayers and to our 43 percent of the tax cut. That’s not longer sufficient to pay for the cost of economy. But we also need to use some fair. We should make changes to the a college education. of the expected available surplus to pay President’s plan to provide a larger The current monthly payment in the down our Federal debt. If a country share of the tax cuts to working fami- GI bill has not come close to matching runs up a debt during tough times, it lies. the rate of inflation in educational

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 costs over the past 50 years. Just con- any other industry in my State. I be- ing the Nation’s farmers, ranchers, and sider these statistics. At present, the lieve the public institutions and pri- rural communities, as illustrated by standard GI bill benefit is $650 per vate businesses that lay the foundation the fact that the budget includes zero month for 36 months. That is it. More- for rural communities thrive only funding for emergency aid or a farm over, we now ask servicemembers who when we have a strong base of inde- bill rewrite. This seems ironic, since want educational benefits after dis- pendent family farmers and ranchers in every major farm group has sent my- charge to contribute $1200 while they South Dakota. self and others on the Senate Budget are in the military. By contrast, when Finally, agricultural producers are Committee a letter agreeing that it began in 1944, the GI bill benefit in- the day-to-day stewards of our land. roughly $10 billion per year will be cluded full tuition and fees at any edu- Environmental and conservation bene- needed to modify the farm bill for fu- cational institution to which the vet- fits like clean water and air, rich soil, ture years, and that around $9 billion is eran could gain admittance, PLUS a and diverse wildlife habitat are enjoyed needed in fiscal year 2001 to offset in- monthly stipend equivalent to $500 in by the public largely due to the care come losses due to low prices and failed 2001 dollars, $750 for married veterans. and management of family farmers and farm safety-net policies. We thus find ourselves in an anoma- ranchers. Already, these farm groups and some lous situation: at the same time that So, why aren’t we truly celebrating Members of Congress are suggesting the Government is ramping up its sup- National Agriculture Day? that we will simply assemble a fourth port and subsidy for non-veterans seek- Because current economic conditions consecutive aid package for farmers in ing college educations, the program are poised to squeeze many of South 2001. I will support this imperative aid that started this whole thing, and Dakota’s 32,500 farmers and ranchers when the time comes, but suggest which provides key benefits for those right out of business—conditions set to American farmers and taxpayers de- who put their lives at risk for the reverberate across the entire country. serve better. These ad hoc emergency country, is lagging way behind. Absent farm aid and long-term farm bills, totaling billions of dollars each The Veterans’ Higher Education Op- policy fixes that provide true economic year, are a poor excuse for a long term portunities Act of 2001 goes a long way security to family farmers and ranch- policy fix. I believe Congress can and toward redressing this situation. The ers, the environmental benefits and should amend current farm policy im- key provision of this bill is quite sim- food security enjoyed by so many in mediately to provide a more predict- ple: the total VA educational stipend this country may not survive on a sus- able, secure safety-net for farmers now. under the Montgomery GI Bill will be tained basis. One farm bill alternative I have in- increased to a level equal to the aver- I believe Congress must take two fun- troduced is S. 130, the Flexible Fallow age cost of tuition at 4-year public col- damental steps to remedy this situa- farm bill amendment. Rep. DOUG BE- leges. In other words, the standard 36 tion: modify the farm bill now and REUTER (R–NE) has introduced an iden- months of GI bill benefits will be suffi- strengthen our laws so the market- tical bill in the House. Under my Flex cient to allow a veteran to attend col- place is truly competitive and fair for Fallow bill—an idea developed by two lege and complete a degree. all. South Dakota agricultural producers— The Veterans Higher Education Op- Since 1997, U.S. farmers have experi- farmers voluntarily devoting part of portunities Act of 2001 provides the enced a price crisis of enormous pro- their total cropland acreage to a con- minimal benefit that we should be of- portions, exacerbated by a series of servation use receive greater price sup- fering to those who are willing to make weather-related disasters in many re- port on their remaining crop produc- the ultimate sacrifice to keep our gions of the Nation. Surplus crop pro- tion. My proposal embodies the plant- country free and prosperous, and I en- duction, both here and abroad, weak ing flexibility so popular under ‘‘Free- courage my colleagues to support it. global demand, marketplace concentra- dom to Farm,’’ yet strengthens the un- f tion, and an inadequate farm income derlying farm income safety net. In safety net are prime reasons for this fact, my Flex Fallow bill has been en- FARMERS AND RANCHERS ON price crisis. dorsed by Iowa State agricultural econ- NATIONAL AGRICULTURE Moreover, given the input-intensive omist Neil Harl, who believes the pro- Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, today nature of production agriculture, many posal works in a market-oriented fash- marks National Agriculture Day. Un- farmers and ranchers are paying more ion and said Flex Fallow ‘‘is the miss- fortunately, what should be a celebra- each year for critical inputs like fuel ing link to the 1996 Farm Bill.’’ tion is instead overshadowed by the and fertilizer. Corn and wheat farmers Furthermore, I believe agricultural grim reality that many of the hard- in South Dakota may be forced to pay producers want to derive income from working families producing food for up to twice per acre for fertilizer this the marketplace, and in order to assure this Nation and world are having a dif- year, and still not cover enough acres that can happen, Congress must restore ficult time making ends meet. to boost yields to profit-producing lev- fair competition to crop and livestock I salute our farmers and ranchers for els. This situates farmers in a price- markets. The forces of marketplace many reasons. First, Americans spend cost squeeze making it nearly impos- concentration are squeezing inde- less than anyone in the world on their sible to earn income that covers total pendent farmers and ranchers out of grocery bill. Roughly 11 percent of our expenses. profit opportunities. household income is spent on food, and As a result of an inadequate farm The livestock market is one case in it takes a mere 38 days to earn enough bill, Congress has enacted multi-billion point. Meatpacker ownership and cap- income to pay a food bill for the entire dollar disaster programs in the last 3 tive supply arrangements tend to tran- year. We truly enjoy the most nutri- years—a record $28 billion in fiscal spire outside the cash market. As a re- tious, affordable, and stable food sup- year 2000. USDA economists predict sult, the process of bidding in an open ply in the world. 2001 may be the worst year ever. With- fashion for the purpose of buying Furthermore, the American eco- out supplemental income or emergency slaughter livestock—which is central nomic engine depends upon a strong aid, USDA estimates that net farm in- to competition—is fading away. As agricultural sector to run on all cyl- come in 2001 could approach its lowest such, livestock producers—who depend inders. Indeed the agricultural econ- level since 1984. Clearly, the 1996 farm upon competitive bidding to gain a fair omy is central to my State’s prosperity bill fails to provide a meaningful, fis- price—are forced to either enter into or adversity. According to South Da- cally-responsible, safety-net for farm- contractual, ownership, or marketing kota State University, the multiplied ers when prices are poor on an annual arrangements with a packer or find value of agriculture’s impact on South and sustained basis. themselves left out of market opportu- Dakota’s economy was $16 billion in I am concerned that the administra- nities. 1999, one-fourth of our total economic tion’s budget blueprint apparently does I have authored a bipartisan bill, S. output and more than double that of not grasp the economic obstacles fac- 142, with Senators GRASSLEY, THOMAS,

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and DASCHLE to forbid meatpackers call on the Taliban regime to imme- Or they split pills in half to make them from engaging in these anticompetitive diately cease the destruction of other go farther. This is shameful. These are buying practices. While my legislation Pre-Islamic relics. very real every day problems that beg is just one of many steps that should f for help. be taken to bolster our laws to protect I strongly believe that all Medicare PRESCRIPTION DRUG SOLUTION true market competition, I believe beneficiaries deserve affordable cov- MUST BE A PRIORITY Congress should move to address this erage and financial protection as pre- issue in earnest. Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, few scription drugs costs grow at double- Former President Eisenhower once issues have caught the public’s atten- digit rates. Astronomical drug prices said, ‘‘farming looks mighty easy when tion more than prescription drugs, and have come hand-in-hand with the great your plow is a pencil and you’re a thou- few are more deserving of Congress’ at- improvements in drug therapy. Spend- sand miles away from a farm.’’ Because tention. ing for prescription drugs in the United we live in a country where the food is We live at a time when we can clear- States doubled between 1990 and 1998. safe and affordable, and the environ- ly discern remarkable benefits from all In each of the 5 years between 1993 and ment is not taken for granted, perhaps manner of drugs. It is nothing short of 1998, prescription drug spending in- some have forgotten President Eisen- miraculous when we consider the rel- creased by an average of 12.4 percent. hower’s simple yet honest-to-goodness ative ease and success of today’s treat- In 1999, the drug spending increase was words. ment of common disorders, as com- 19 percent and just last year we saw an- So today, let us not overlook the pared with that of only two or three other double digit increase. My office critical role farmers and ranchers play generations ago. recently completed a three-year state- wide survey of prescription drug prices in weaving the economic, social, and When World War II began, for exam- in South Dakota, using a sample of the environmental fabric of this country. ple, penicillin and other similar anti- most heavily prescribed drugs for sen- Instead, I join all Americans to salute biotics were known only to a small iors. I was astonished to find that over farmers and ranchers on National Agri- number of scientists. At the conclusion 60 percent of the drugs’ prices grew at culture Day. And I invite all Ameri- of the War in 1945, penicillin was wide- ly available, used not only for battle a pace that exceeded the cost-of-living cans to support efforts to ensure a adjustment provided by Social Secu- brighter future for the families who wounds but for infectious diseases in the general public as well. Patients rity, which many Medicare bene- put food on our tables every day. ficiaries rely on to meet their daily fi- f with high blood pressure or high cho- lesterol levels were, at best, only par- nancial needs. In fact, 30 percent of the CONDEMNATION OF THE tially and inadequately treated in the drugs increased at a pace that was dou- ble that of the COLA. TALIBAN’S WAR ON GLOBAL 1940s and 1950s. Now success is the rule, In response to evidence such as this, CULTURE rather than the exception. Calvin Coo- along with having heard from thou- Mr. JOHNSON. Mr. President, I rise lidge’s son died in 1924 as a result of a sands of concerned South Dakotans af- today to condemn an act of mindless blister and a skin infection after play- fected by skyrocketing drug prices, I destruction by a regime known for its ing tennis at the White House. An in- have recommitted myself to finding a intolerance. I am referring to the re- fection such as that today would be solution for the prescription drug needs ported destruction of the two ancient treated as simple, outpatient therapy. of all Medicare beneficiaries. As such, I statues of Buddha carried out by the While these examples are noteworthy have reintroduced two bills that com- Taliban government in Afghanistan and provide us with a valuable perspec- prise the main pillars of my prescrip- and the Taliban’s call for complete tive of times gone by, the hard, cold tion drug plan: the Prescription Drug elimination of all artifacts in the re- fact is that many of these modern mir- Fairness for Seniors Act of 2001, and gion. acles are still out of the reach of too the Generic Pharmaceutical Access and The Bamiyan Buddha statues were many American citizens. They simply Choice for Consumers Act of 2001. I priceless artifacts. They stood for cen- cannot afford the drugs that might so don’t proclaim these proposals to be turies as guardians of the silk route often prove lifesaving, because of ei- the magic bullet that solves all of our that connected the ancient Greek and ther no insurance or lack of drug cov- nation’s prescription drug concerns but Roman Empires to Asia. Once one of erage within their insurance. they are sensible, financially reason- the most cosmopolitan regions in the Recent studies indicate that if you go able approaches that should be a part world, Afghanistan is now one of the to virtually any other industrialized of an overall prescription drug plan for most intolerant and repressive nations democracy, the cost of prescription Medicare beneficiaries. The Fairness due to the actions of the ruling Taliban drugs is about half what it is in the bill would provide Medicare bene- faction. The destruction of these 1,500- United States. We pay about double ficiaries access to prescription drugs at year-old statues was ordered and car- what anybody else in the industrialized the same low prices that drug manufac- ried out for fear that they would be world pays. That to me is so utterly turers offer their most favored cus- used for idol worship. Destroying those unacceptable and unfair. tomers. As well, I strongly believe we creations because of an irrational fear When Medicare was created 35 years cannot develop a financially feasible motivated by intolerance of other cul- ago, its benefits were based on private prescription drug benefit without tures and religions should be con- sector coverage, which rarely included maximizing the utilization of generic demned by thoughtful people every- prescription drugs. Now, however, vir- drugs. My proposal would increase ac- where. tually all private sector plans include cess and choice in Federal programs by The country of Afghanistan and the coverage for prescription drugs, while encouraging greater usage of generic global community has lost two of its Medicare does not. As a result, many pharamaceuticals as a safe, less costly greatest treasures, and the world is millions of Americans, both Medicare alternative to an often expensive poorer for it. We cannot tolerate the age and younger have either inad- brand-name pharmaceutical. Generic willful destruction of international equate or no prescription drug insur- pharmaceutical drugs have been shown treasures that are a part of the world’s ance at all. A byproduct of no coverage to save consumers between 25 percent heritage. is that these patients wind up paying and 60 percent on their average pre- People of all faiths and nationalities, the highest rates of anyone—an aver- scription drug and this plan would including Muslim communities around age of 15 percent more than those with greatly benefit many of the most vul- the world, have condemned this action. insurance. Many of these uninsureds, nerable members of society. It is imperative that the United States including the seniors often called ‘‘The I do believe Congress needs to create Senate join the people and govern- Greatest Generation’’ are not filling a universal, voluntary drug benefit in ments around the world in condemning prescriptions because of their cost, the Medicare program, one that pro- these senseless acts of destruction, and choosing between food and medicine. vides all Medicare beneficiaries with

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 affordable coverage for drug costs. Per- Well-known and well-loved in Shore- Most of all, Grace was compassionate haps most importantly for South Da- line, in Olympia, and among families and caring. Her passion for children kota’s Medicare beneficiaries, the plan and educators throughout our State, drove everything she did. I remember must ensure access for beneficiaries in Grace Cole set a new standard for pub- her bill in the state legislature to out- rural and hard-to-serve areas including lic service with strong words and a soft law spanking in schools. It seemed like incentives to rural pharmacies and the heart. She led the way for advocates such an uphill battle, but Grace would private entity serving those areas to like me to follow her from the local always say, ‘‘Kids need to learn by ex- ensure rapid delivery of prescription school board to the Washington State ample.’’ She said that over and over drugs. legislature. And most important, she again for years until her bill finally I believe that these efforts are both made a difference for thousands of fam- passed. The bill’s opponents eventually comprehensive and achievable in the ilies throughout our state by standing went along because they realized that 107th Congress, and I will work closely up for education, the environment and Grace Cole would never give up on with my colleagues to accomplish my social justice. something she believed in. personal goal of ensuring access to af- Mr. President, today moms and dads In the State legislature, Grace won fordable prescription drugs for all who serve their communities in Wash- the respect of all lawmakers on both Medicare beneficiaries both in South ington State know they can go on to sides of the aisle. I knew that her time Dakota and around the Nation. serve at the State and Federal level. in the House was a personal sacrifice f Years ago, however, that path wasn’t for her. She had to leave her family in so clear. Grace Cole blazed that trail Shoreline to work long hours in Olym- THE VERY BAD DEBT BOXSCORE and then helped others like me follow pia, then return home to attend com- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, at the her into public service. When I look at munity meetings and to help others. close of business yesterday, Monday, the Washington state legislature, I see During all her public service though, March 19, 2001, the Federal debt stood the impact Grace Cole has made. Grace made sure to always put her kids at $5,729,611,586,294.55, five trillion, I first met Grace in the early 1980s first. seven hundred twenty-nine billion, six when I started attending Shoreline For me, Grace was a perfect example hundred eleven million, five hundred School Board meetings. During her of selfless community service. Today’s eighty-six thousand, two hundred nine- many years of service on the school leaders are too often judged on how ty-four dollars and fifty-five cents. board, Grace was a strong and honest much press they get or how ‘‘visible’’ Five years ago, March 19, 1996, the voice who always came down on the they are. Grace was the person who Federal debt stood at $5,058,839,000,000, side of our children. worked behind the scenes to make peo- When I decided to run for the Shore- Five trillion, fifty-eight billion, eight ple’s lives better. line School Board, Grace encouraged hundred thirty-nine million. I will miss Grace. She always knew me and counseled me. During the time Ten years ago, March 19, 1991, the the right thing to say, and she was I served with Grace on the school Federal debt stood at $3,447,165,000,000, never afraid of tough votes. She didn’t board, she always made sure we were three trillion, four hundred forty-seven have to be. She knew to do the right acting in the best interests of those we billion, one hundred sixty-five million. thing. Grace showed me and countless Fifteen years ago, March 19, 1986, the served. Grace knew just what to say, others the path to public service. Over Federal debt stood at $1,982,540,000,000, and on many occasions, her wise words the years, so many have followed her— one trillion, nine hundred eighty-two helped ease tense moments. starting in PTA, serving on the school billion, five hundred forty million. In 1983, Grace was appointed to the Twenty-five years ago, March 19, House of Representatives. She was re- board, and then going to Olympia to 1976, the Federal debt stood at elected seven times and retired in 1998. fight for their communities. $599,190,000,000, five hundred ninety- As long as Grace served in the House, I I know that at this difficult time her nine billion, one hundred ninety mil- knew Washington’s children had a four sons and their families feel tre- lion, which reflects a debt increase of strong advocate. mendous sorrow. We all do, but more than $5 trillion— In 1987, I decided to run for the Wash- through her work Grace left us so $5,130,421,586,294.55, five trillion, one ington State Senate. Once again, Grace much to be proud of: a strong commu- hundred thirty billion, four hundred was there for me as a counselor, a sup- nity of good schools, good neighbor- twenty-one million, five hundred porter, and a friend. Even though she hoods, and good friends. Grace had such a strong and positive eighty-six thousand, two hundred nine- was running for reelection at the same spirit that I have a feeling wherever ty-four dollars and fifty-five cents, dur- time, Grace took the time to make she is, she’s organizing a coffee get-to- ing the past 25 years. sure that I and others could follow in her footsteps. That is the way Grace gether to make sure everyone is doing f was. She set a path and helped us fol- the right thing. If there are envelopes ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS low it. to lick, phone calls to make, or laws to Grace Cole also set a new standard write, I am sure Grace is making sure for what it means to be an outstanding it gets done. A TRIBUTE TO GRACE COLE school board member. In fact, new I feel fortunate to have known Grace. ∑ Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, I’m members of the Shoreline School Board I am proud to call her a mentor and sad to inform my colleagues that on are often measured by the ‘‘Grace Cole guide, and I will miss her greatly.∑ Saturday, March 17th, Washington Standard.’’ I’ve heard people say of new f State lost a great advocate for fami- members, ‘‘She’ll be great—just like RECOGNITION OF NORMA LEA lies, and I lost both a good friend and Grace Cole.’’ In 1998, the Shoreline MIHALEVICH mentor, with the passing of Grace Cole. School Board honored Grace with its At this difficult time, my heart goes first Distinguished Service Award. ∑ Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I rise to out to her family including her two What made Grace Cole such an icon? make a few remarks regarding the tre- brothers, four sons, four daughters in First, she knew how to lead. She lis- mendous contributions Norma Lea law, and six grandchildren. I want tened to all sides, helped bring people Mihalevich has made to her commu- them to know what the rest of us have together, and knew how to put people nity, her state, and to public edu- known for years: Grace Cole made a at ease. She was also a community cation. difference. We are proud of her and builder. She worked side-by-side with It isn’t often that we can recognize grateful for all she did. And even other parents to pass school levies. She someone who has devoted her life to though she’s no longer with us, her ac- put labels on letters and walked public service, but Norma Lea tivism and her passion live on in the through neighborhoods knocking on Mihalevich has done just that. As a men and women she led into public doors to ensure voters would go to the lifelong resident of Pulaski County in service. polls. Missouri, Norma Lea has spent the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4009 past 24 years in Crocker, MO as Mayor. Olympic and professional fame make a experience with issues such as the Her continued re-election has been a personal commitment to be a positive Family and Medical Leave Act, health stamp of approval on the outstanding influence on the participants through care, the Fair Labor Standards Act, job she has done. their work with the Simplot Games. pension reform, and Section 127 edu- Norma Lea Mihalevich has also dem- This year, Olympians included: Al cational assistance. onstrated her commitment to public Joyner, Honorary Chairman of the The Society for Human Resource education by her service on the Crock- Simplot Games and 1984 Gold Medalist Management, SHRM, is a strong voice er R–II Board of Education for the past in the triple jump; Dick Fosbury, 1968 for the human resource profession. forty-nine years. In addition, she has Gold Medalist in the high jump and SHRM represents its members on served as a member of the Missouri U.S. Olympic Hall of Famer; issues affecting the workplace, employ- School Boards’ Association’s Board of Paralympian Marlon Shirley, 2000 Gold ment, employers, and employees. It Directors for eleven years. Ms. Medalist in the 100-meter dash; Andre also provides them with invaluable Mihalevich knows that the key to im- Phillip, 1988 gold medalist in the 400- services such as government and media proving public education is public in- meter hurdles; and Dan O’Brien, 1996 representation, education and informa- volvement on the local level. She has Gold Medalist in the decathlon and tion services, conferences and semi- definitely led by example and in 1985 University of Idaho graduate. nars, online services, and publications. she was named as Missouri Pioneer in In conjunction with the Games, the SHRM was founded 52 years ago by a Education by the Missouri Department Adidas Golden Spike Invitational meet small group of ‘‘personnel’’ officers to of Elementary and Secondary Edu- was held during the Simplot events. help the nation work through its post cation. This professional event brought a hefty WW II labor-management challenges It is an honor for me to tell my col- number of world class athletes to Poca- and improve the professionalism of the leagues about Norma Lea. She is an tello to challenge each other for quali- industry. Today, SHRM’s membership outstanding individual and example for fying marks for the 2004 Summer includes over 155,000 human resource others. Her service, and commitment Olympic Games. Through the competi- professionals in all fifty states and to service, is something of which we tion, one hometown favorite was a par- ranges from small one-person con- should all be proud.∑ ticular bright spot: Stacy Dragila, 2000 sulting firms to Fortune 500 companies. f Olympic Gold Medalist in women’s pole SHRM’s members also represent a wide vaulting, eclipsed her own world record SIMPLOT GAMES variety of industries, from the 25 per- of fifteen feet, five inches, by a full cent who work in manufacturing to the ∑ Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, I would inch and three quarters. 15 percent who work in the service sec- like to use this occasion to recognize Next year the Simplot Games will be tor. Other members work in the trans- and commend the premier indoor high held February 14–16. I encourage all portation, utilities, retail, finance, in- school track and field event in the Na- who compete or have sons and daugh- surance, health, real estate, construc- tion. Found in my very own backyard, ters that compete in track and field to tion, and technology industries. the Simplot Games are held annually participate in this world-class event. If I want to commend the members of at Holt Arena on the campus of Idaho you cannot make the competition, or SHRM for taking time out of their de- State University in Pocatello, ID. For cheer from a seat in the arena, I invite manding daily lives to come to Wash- the past twenty-three consecutive you to watch this exciting and uplift- ington, D.C. to speak with their Sen- years, the Simplot Games have pro- ing event unfold from your own living ators and Representatives regarding vided an opportunity for thousands of room on television. I am proud that my the issues that affect their profession. youths to compete with top-ranked state of Idaho is the home of this won- As a legislator, I cannot stress enough athletes from every corner of the derful event and its sponsor, the J.R. the importance of legislative con- United States and Canada in a nur- Simplot. I am also proud of all the ath- ferences through which members of as- turing and supportive environment. letes who compete, not only with the sociations like the Society for Human Run almost solely by volunteers, the other participants but with them- Resource Management come to our na- Games are a source of inspiration and selves, to be the best. It is encouraging tion’s capital to participate in the leg- pride for all participants. The J.R. for all Americans to see how our chil- islative process. Citizen participation Simplot Company, a sponsor of the dren are capable of rising above our ex- is a crucial component of the legisla- Games, should be applauded for its pectations and accomplish great tive process because it allows legisla- dedication to the athletes, not only fi- things. tors and their staff to hear their con- nancially, but for providing such a While I have the focus on Pocatello stituents explain their experiences as stage to showcase so many talented and Idaho State University, I would they live and work under our nation’s young people from around the nation. like to congratulate the ISU women’s laws. The knowledge that legislators The Simplot Games are held annu- basketball team for earning its first gain through these conversations re- ally during the third weekend of Feb- berth ever to the NCAA Women’s Tour- sults in sounder legislation and, ulti- ruary on the fastest indoor track in the nament. The Bengals went undefeated mately, a stronger democracy. Accord- country. It is certain a few national in the Big Sky Conference this year ingly, I sincerely thank the members of records will be broken every year be- and tied the nation’s longest winning SHRM for their commitment not only fore a cheering crowd of thousands, not streak this season with 21 straight vic- to their profession but to the political to mention the national television au- tories. Despite ISU’s first round loss to process.∑ dience. I had the opportunity to attend Vanderbilt, the Bengals showed a lot of the games this year and witness first- heart and determination, and I am f hand the camaraderie and team spirit proud of all they accomplished this these exceptional young adults dis- year.∑ EXECUTIVE AND OTHER played. It was impossible not to be f COMMUNICATIONS caught up in the excitement of this SHRM VISIT TO CAPITAL The following communications were unique event. laid before the Senate, together with ∑ The Simplot Games are sanctioned Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I accompanying papers, reports, and doc- by USA Track and Field, and awards rise today to welcome the members of uments, which were referred as indi- are presented to contenders finishing the Society for Human Resource Man- cated: in the top six places of their respective agement, SHRM, to Washington for EC–1005. A communication from the Assist- events. The Games are not just about their 18th Annual Employment Law ant General Counsel for Regulatory Law, Of- athletics, but also about providing and Legislative Conference. Today, fice of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En- guidance and advice to the young com- close to 300 SHRM members will visit ergy, Department of Energy, transmitting, petitors. Many notable athletes of Capitol Hill to share their views on and pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 ‘‘Energy Conservation Program for Con- EC–1015. A communication from the Acting transmitting, pursuant to law, a report enti- sumer Products; Clothes Washer Energy Con- Executive Director of the Commodity Fu- tled ‘‘Lamb Meat: Monitoring Developments servation Standards’’ (RIN1904–AA67) re- tures Trading Commission, transmitting, in the Domestic Industry’’; to the Com- ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled mittee on Finance. on Energy and Natural Resources. ‘‘Amendments to the Daily Computation of EC–1026. A communication from the Sec- EC–1006. A communication from the Assist- the Amount of Customer Funds Required to retary of Health and Human Services, trans- ant General Counsel for Regulatory Law, Of- be Segregated’’ (RIN3038–AB52) received on mitting, pursuant to law, a report entitled fice of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En- March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Agri- ‘‘Social Health Maintenance Organizations: ergy, Department of Energy, transmitting, culture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Transition into Medicare+Choice’’; to the pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1016. A communication from the Acting Committee on Finance. ‘‘Energy Conservation Program for Commer- General Counsel, Office of New Markets Ven- EC–1027. A communication from the Acting cial and Industrial Equipment; Efficiency ture Capital, Small Business Administration, Assistant Secretary of Legislative Affairs, Standards for Commercial Heating, Air Con- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of transmitting, pursuant to law, a report con- ditioning and Water Heating Equipment’’ a rule entitled ‘‘New Markets Venture Cap- cerning the promulgation of an interim rule (RIN1904–AB06) received on March 19, 2001; to ital Program’’ (RIN3254–AE40) received on which amends 22 CFR 41.2(i); to the Com- the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Small mittee on Foreign Relations. sources. Business. EC–1028. A communication from the Acting EC–1007. A communication from the Assist- EC–1017. A communication from the Acting Director of the Peace Corps, transmitting, ant General Counsel for Regulatory Law, Of- General Counsel, Office of New Markets Ven- pursuant to law, a report concerning the fice of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En- ture Capital, Small Business Administration, Strategic Plan under the Government Per- ergy, Department of Energy, transmitting, transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of formance and Results Act for Fiscal Year pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled a rule entitled ‘‘HUBZone Program—Amend- 2000 through 2005; to the Committee on For- ‘‘Alternate Fuel Transportation Program; ments’’ (RIN3254–AE28) received on March 19, eign Relations. Biodiesel Fuel Use Credit’’ (RIN1904–AB00) 2001; to the Committee on Small Business. EC–1029. A communication from the Assist- received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee EC–1018. A communication from the Acting ant Legal Adviser for Treaty Affairs, Depart- on Energy and Natural Resources. General Counsel, Office of New Markets Ven- ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to EC–1008. A communication from the Assist- ture Capital, Small Business Administration, law, the report of the texts and background ant General Counsel for Regulatory Law, Of- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of statements of international agreements, fice of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En- a rule entitled ‘‘New Markets Venture Cap- other than treaties; to the Committee on ergy, Department of Energy, transmitting, ital Program; Delay of Effective Date’’ Foreign Relations. pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled (RIN3254–AE62) received on March 19, 2001; to EC–1030. A communication from the Assist- ‘‘Contractor Legal Management Require- the Committee on Small Business. ant Legal Adviser for Treaty Affairs, Depart- ments; Department of Energy Acquisition EC–1019. A communication from the Direc- ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to Regulation’’ (RIN1990–AA27) received on tor of the Fish and Wildlife Service, Depart- law, the report of the texts and background March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Energy ment of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant statements of international agreements, and Natural Resources. to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Endan- other than treaties; to the Committee on EC–1009. A communication from the Assist- gered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Foreign Relations. ant General Counsel for Regulatory Law, Of- Final Rule to Remove the Aleutian Canada EC–1031. A communication from the Assist- fice of Energy Efficiency and Renewable En- Goose from the Federal List of Endangered ant Legal Adviser for Treaty Affairs, Depart- ergy, Department of Energy, transmitting, and Threatened Wildlife’’ (RIN1018–AF42) re- ment of State, transmitting, pursuant to pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled ceived on March 15, 2001; to the Committee law, the report of the texts and background ‘‘Energy Conservation Program for Con- on Environment and Public Works. statements of international agreements, sumer Products; Central Air Conditioners EC–1020. A communication from the Dep- other than treaties; to the Committee on and Heat Pumps Energy Conservation Stand- uty Associate Administrator of the Environ- Foreign Relations. ards’’ (RIN1904–AA77) received on March 19, mental Protection Agency, transmitting, EC–1032. A communication from the Sec- 2001; to the Committee on Energy and Nat- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled retary of Health and Human Services, trans- ural Resources. ‘‘Clean Air Act Full Approval of Operating mitting, pursuant to law, the annual per- EC–1010. A communication from the Sec- Permit Program; Tennessee and Memphis- formance report for Fiscal Year 2000; to the retary of the Navy, Department of Defense, Shelby County’’ (FRL6956–6) received on Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and transmitting, pursuant to law, a report of March 15, 2001; to the Committee on Environ- Pensions. Determination and Findings; to the Com- ment and Public Works. mittee on Armed Services. EC–1021. A communication from the Dep- EC–1033. A communication from the Acting EC–1011. A communication from the Acting uty Associate Administrator of the Environ- Assistant Secretary of the Occupational Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legis- mental Protection Agency, transmitting, a Safety and Health Administration, Depart- lative Affairs, Department of Justice, trans- report entitled ‘‘Lead-Based Paint Activities ment of Labor , transmitting, pursuant to mitting, pursuant to law, the annual report in Target Housing and Child-Occupied Facili- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Notice of concerning the prison impact assessment for ties; Approval of State of Indian Lead Activi- Initial Approval Determination; New Jersey 2000; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ties Program’’; to the Committee on Envi- Public Employee Only State Plan’’ (RIN1218– EC–1012. A communication from the Direc- ronment and Public Works. AB98) received on March 15, 2001; to the Com- tor of the Office of Management and Budget, EC–1022. A communication from the Acting mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and Executive Office of the President, transmit- Secretary of the Army, Department of De- Pensions. ting, pursuant to law, the cumulative report fense, transmitting, a report concerning the EC–1034. A communication from the Direc- on rescissions and deferrals dated March 16, New York and New Jersey Harbor Navigation tor of Regulations Policy and Management, 2001; transmitted jointly, pursuant to the Study; to the Committee on Environment Food and Drug Administration, Department order of January 30, 1975, as modified by the and Public Works. of Health and Human Services, transmitting, order of April 11, 1986; to the Committees on EC–1023. A communication from the Chief pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled the Budget; Appropriations; the Judiciary; of the Regulation Unit, Internal Revenue ‘‘Food Additives Permitted for Direct Addi- and Foreign Relations. Service, Department of the Treasury, trans- tion to Food for Human Consumption; Di- EC–1013. A communication from the Acting mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule methyl Dicarbonate’’ (Docket No. 00F–0812) Executive Director of the Commodity Fu- entitled ‘‘Fringe Benefits Aircraft Valuation received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee tures Trading Commission, transmitting, Formula’’ (Rev. Rul. 2001–13) received on on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled March 16, 2001; to the Committee on Finance. EC–1035. A communication from the Direc- ‘‘Delegation of Authority to Disclose and Re- EC–1024. A communication from the Dep- tor of Regulations Policy and Management, quest Information’’ received on March 19, uty Executive Secretary to the Department, Food and Drug Administration, Department 2001; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- Health Care Financing Administration, De- of Health and Human Services, transmitting, trition, and Forestry. partment of Health and Human Services, pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1014. A communication from the Acting transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of ‘‘Food Additives Permitted for Direct Addi- Executive Director of the Commodity Fu- a rule entitled ‘‘Medicare and Medicaid Pro- tion to Food for Human Consumption; tures Trading Commission, transmitting, grams: Physicians Referrals to Health Care Natamycin (Pimaricin)’’ (Docket No. 00F– pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled Entities with which They Have Financial Re- 0175) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- ‘‘Amendments to the Daily Computation of lationships: Delay of Effective Date’’ re- mittee on Health, Education, Labor, and the Amount of Customer Funds Required to ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee Pensions. be Segregated’’ received on March 19, 2001; to on Finance. EC–1036. A communication from the Direc- the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, EC–1025. A communication from the Chair- tor of Regulations Policy and Management, and Forestry. man of the International Trade Commission, Food and Drug Administration, Department

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4011 of Health and Human Services, transmitting, to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes Guard, Department of Transportation, trans- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled in Flood Elevation Determination’’ (66 FR mitting, pursuant to law, a report con- ‘‘Human Cells, Tissues, and Cellular and Tis- 10590) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- cerning the use of the aids to navigation sys- sue-Based Products ; Establishment Reg- mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- tem by commercial, recreational, and public istration and Listing’’ (Docket No. 98N–1042) fairs. users; to the Committee on Commerce, received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee EC–1047. A communication from the Acting Science, and Transportation. on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. General Counsel of the Federal Emergency EC–1059. A communication from the Acting EC–1037. A communication from the Direc- Management Agency, transmitting, pursuant Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- tor of Regulations Policy and Management, to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department Food and Drug Administration, Department in Flood Elevation Determinations’’ (66 FR of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, of Health and Human Services, transmitting, 10588) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- a report concerning the status of fisheries of pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- the United States; to the Committee on ‘‘Irradiation in the Production, Processing, fairs. Commerce , Science, and Transportation. and Handling of Food’’ (Docket No. 00F–0789) EC–1048. A communication from the Acting EC–1060. A communication from the Assist- received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee Assistant Secretary for Administration and ant Administrator for Fisheries, National on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Management, Department of Labor, trans- Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Sustain- EC–1038. A communication from the Direc- mitting, pursuant to law, the annual report able Fisheries, Domestic Fisheries Division, tor of Regulations Policy and Management, concerning inventory of commercial activi- Department of Commerce, transmitting, pur- Food and Drug Administration, Department ties for 2000; to the Committee on Govern- suant to law, the report of a rule entitled of Health and Human Services, transmitting, mental Affairs. ‘‘Fisheries of the Northeastern United pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1049. A communication from the Acting States; 2001 Fishing Quotas for Atlantic Surf ‘‘Indirect Food Additives: Adhesives and Assistant Secretary on Policy, Management Clams, Ocean Quahogs, and Marine Mahog- Components of Coatings and Paper and Pa- and Budget, Department of the Interior, any Ocean Quahogs’’ (RIN0648–AM50) re- perboard Components’’ (Docket No. 99F–2081) transmitting, pursuant to law, a report con- ceived on March 16, 2001; to the Committee received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee cerning the inventory of commercial activi- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. EC–1061. A communication from the Acting on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. ties for Fiscal Year 2000; to the Committee Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- EC–1039. A communication from the Assist- on Governmental Affairs. eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- ant Secretary of Housing-Federal Housing EC–1050. A communication from the Acting partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Commissioner, Department of Housing and Assistant Secretary for Management and ant to law, the report of a rule entitled Urban Development, transmitting, pursuant Chief Information Officer, Department of the ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone to law, the annual report on management re- Treasury, transmitting, pursuant to law, the Off Alaska; Groundfish by Vessels Using form for Fiscal Year 2001; to the Committee annual report on the inventory of commer- Non-Pelagic Trawl Gear in the Red King on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. cial activities for year 2000; to the Com- Crab Savings Subarea’’ received on March 16, EC–1040. A communication from the Man- mittee on Governmental Affairs. 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, aging Director of the Federal Housing Fi- EC–1051. A communication from the Ad- Science, and Transportation. nance Board, transmitting, pursuant to law, ministrator of the National Aeronautics and EC–1062. A communication from the Acting the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Capital Re- Space Administration, transmitting, pursu- Administrator for Ocean Services and Coast- quirements for Federal Home Loan Banks’’ ant to law, the annual Accountability Re- al Zone Management, National Oceanic and (RIN3069–AB01) received on March 19, 2001; to port for Fiscal Year 2000; to the Committee Atmospheric Administration, Department of the Committee on Banking , Housing, and on Governmental Affairs. Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Urban Affairs. EC–1052. A communication from the Execu- the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Final Rule; No- EC–1041. A communication from the Gen- tive Director of the Committee for Purchase tice of Boundary Expansion; Supplemental eral Counsel of the National Credit Union From People Who Are Blind or Severely Dis- Management Plan’’ (RIN0648–AO18) received Administration, transmitting, pursuant to abled, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- on March 16, 2001; to the Committee on Com- law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Guidelines port of additions to the procurement list re- merce, Science, and Transportation. for Safeguarding Member Information’’ (12 ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee EC–1063. A communication from the Acting CFR Part 748) received on March 19, 2001; to on Governmental Affairs. Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- the Committee on Banking, Housing, and EC–1053. A communication from the Man- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Urban Affairs. aging Director of the Federal Housing Fi- partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- EC–1042. A communication from the Gen- nance Board, transmitting, pursuant to law, ant to law, the report of a rule entitled eral Counsel of the National Credit Union the Board’s report under the Government in ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Administration, transmitting, pursuant to the Sunshine Act for calendar years 1999 and Off Alaska—Closes A Season Directed Atka law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Commu- 2000; to the Committee on Governmental Af- Mackerel Fishing in the Western Aleutian nity Development Revolving Loan Program fairs. District of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Is- For Credit Unions’’ (12 CFR Part 705) re- EC–1054. A communication from the Comp- lands Management Area and Opens Trawl ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee troller General of the United States, trans- Gear Fishing in Some Steller Sea Lion Crit- on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. mitting, pursuant to law, the report of the ical Habitat Areas in the Western Aleutian EC–1043. A communication from the Acting list of General Accounting Office reports for District’’ received on March 19, 2001; to the General Counsel of the Federal Emergency December 2000; to the Committee on Govern- Committee on Commerce, Science, and Management Agency, transmitting, pursuant mental Affairs. Transportation. to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Suspen- EC–1055. A communication from the Acting EC–1064. A communication from the Acting sion of Community Eligibilitys’’ (66 FR Director of Employment Service/Staffing Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- 10586) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- Policy Division, Office of Personnel Manage- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- ment, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- fairs. port of a rule entitled ‘‘Repayment of Stu- ant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1044. A communication from the Acting dent Loans’’ (RIN3206–AJ12) received on ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Zone Off Alaska; General Counsel of the Federal Emergency March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Govern- Groundfish Fisheries by Vessels Using Hook- Management Agency, transmitting, pursuant mental Affairs. and-Line Gear in the Gulf of Alaska’’ re- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Final EC–1056. A communication from the Acting ceived on March 16, 2001; to the Committee Flood Elevation Determinations’’ (66 FR Director of Employment Service/Staffing on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. 10596) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- Policy Division, Office of Personnel Manage- EC–1065. A communication from the Acting mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- ment, transmitting, pursuant to law, the re- Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- fairs. port of a rule entitled ‘‘Suitability’’ tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department EC–1045. A communication from the Acting (RIN3206–AC19) received on March 19, 2001; to of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, General Counsel of the Federal Emergency the Committee on Governmental Affairs. the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the Management Agency, transmitting, pursuant EC–1057. A communication from the Gen- Northeastern United States; Summer Floun- to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Changes eral Counsel of the Federal Retirement der, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Fisheries; in Flood Elevation Determinations’’ (66 FR Thrift Investment Board, transmitting, pur- Emergency for the Summer Flounder Fish- 10592) received on March 19, 2001; to the Com- suant to law, the report of a rule entitled ery; Extension of and Expiration Date’’ mittee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af- ‘‘Correction of Administrative Errors’’ re- (RIN0548–AO32) received on March 16, 2001; to fairs. ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee the Committee on Commerce, Science, and EC–1046. A communication from the Acting on Governmental Affairs. Transportation. General Counsel of the Federal Emergency EC–1058. A communication from the Acting EC–1066. A communication from the Direc- Management Agency, transmitting, pursuant Commandant of the United States Coast tor of the Office of Sustainable Fisheries,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 National Marine Fisheries Service, National Coast Subzone to 500 lb (227 kg) of King eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Marine Fisheries Service, Department of Mackerel Per Day in or from the Exclusive partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Economic Zone (EEZ)’’ received on March 16, ant to law, the report of a rule entitled the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Closure of the 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Commercial Run-Around Gillnet Fishery for Science, and Transportation. Off Alaska; Closure for the A Season Allow- Gulf Group King Mackerel in the EEZ of the EC–1074. A communication from the Acting ance of Pollock in Statistical Area 610, Gulf Southern Florida West Coast Subzone’’ re- Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- of Alaska’’ received on March 16, 2001; to the ceived on March 16, 2001; to the Committee eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Committee on Commerce, Science, and on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Transportation. EC–1067. A communication from the Acting ant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1082. A communication from the Acting Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- ‘‘Fisheries Off West Coast States and in the Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department Western Pacific; Coastal Pelagic Species eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Fisheries; Change in Pacific Mackerel Inci- partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the dental Catch’’ received on March 16, 2001; to ant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘At- Exclusive Economic Zone Off Alaska—Final the Committee on Commerce, Science, and lantic Highly Migratory Species (HMS) Fish- Rule to Implement Amendment 66 to the Transportation. eries; Vessel Monitoring Systems; Delay of Fishery Management Plan of the Bering Sea EC–1075. A communication from the Acting Effectiveness; Request for Comments’’ and Aleutian Islands Area (Removes Squid Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- (RIN0648–AJ67) received on March 16, 2001; to Allocation to the Western Alaska Commu- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and nity Development Quota Program)’’ partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Transportation. (RIN0648–AM72) received on March 16, 2001; to ant to law, the report of a rule entitled EC–1083. A communication from the Acting the Committee on Commerce, Science, and ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- Transportation. Off Alaska; Closure for the Inshore Compo- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- EC–1068. A communication from the Acting nent Pacific Cod in the Central Regulatory partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- Area of the Gulf of Alaska’’ received on ant to law, the report of a rule entitled tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department March 16, 2001; to the Committee on Com- ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, merce, Science, and Transportation. Off Alaska; Atka Mackerel in the Eastern EC–1076. A communication from the Acting the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the Aleutian District and Bering Sea Subarea of Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- Northeastern United States; Atlantic Mack- the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands’’ re- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- erel, Squid, and Butterfish Fisheries; 2001 ceived on March 16, 2001; to the Committee partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Specifications and Foreign Fishing Restric- on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ant to law, the report of a rule entitled tions’’ (RIN0648–AN69) received on March 16, EC–1084. A communication from the Asso- ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, ciate Bureau Chief of Wireless Telecommuni- Off Alaska; Pollock in Statistical Area 630 of Science, and Transportation. cations, Policy and Rules Branch, Federal the Gulf of Alaska’’ received on March 16, EC–1069. A communication from the Acting Communications Commission, transmitting, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled Science, and Transportation. tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department EC–1077. A communication from the Acting ‘‘Procedures for Reviewing Request for Re- of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- lief from State and Local Regulations Pursu- the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- ant to Section 332(c)(7)(B)(v) of the Commu- Northeastern United States; Atlantic Sea partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- nications Act of 1934’’ (Docket No. 97–192) re- Scallop Fishery; Extension of Closed Areas’’ ant to law, the report of a rule entitled ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee (RIN0648–AO71) received on March 16, 2001; to ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Off Alaska; Trawling in the Seller Sea Lion EC–1085. A communication from the Attor- Transportation. Protection Areas in the Western Aleutian ney Advisor of the Cable Services Bureau, EC–1070. A communication from the Acting District of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Is- Federal Communications Commission, trans- Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- lands Management Area’’ received on March mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department 16, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, entitled ‘‘Carriage of Digital Television of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, Science, and Transportation. Broadcast Signals: Amendments to Part 76 of the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Notice of Funds EC–1078. A communication from the Acting the Commission’s Rules, Implementation of for Financial Assistance for Research and Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- the Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act Development Projects in the Gulf of Mexico eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- of 1999: Local Broadcast Signal Carriage and Off the United States South Atlantic partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Issues, Application of Network Non-Duplica- Coastal States; Marine Fisheries Initiative’’ ant to law, the report of a rule entitled ‘‘At- tion-Syndicated Exclusivity Sports Blackout received on March 16, 2001; to the Committee lantic Highly Migratory Species; Regulatory Rules to the Satellite Retransmission of on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Adjustments; Technical Amendment’’ Broadcast Signals, First Report and Order EC–1071. A communication from the Acting (RIN0648–A095) received on March 16, 2001; to and Further Notice of Proposed Rule- Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, Na- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and making’’ (Docket Nos. 99–120, 00–96, 00–2) re- tional Marine Fisheries Service, Department Transportation. ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant to law, EC–1079. A communication from the Acting on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. the report of a rule entitled ‘‘Fisheries of the Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- EC–1086. A communication from the Legal Northeastern United States; Scup and Black eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- Advisor of the Cable Service Bureau, Federal Sea Bass Fisheries; 2001 Specifications; Com- partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- Communications Commission, transmitting, mercial Quota Harvested’’ (RIN0648–AN71) ant to law, the report of a rule entitled pursuant to law, the report of a rule entitled received on March 16, 2001; to the Committee ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone ‘‘Implementation of the Satellite Home on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Off Alaska; Pacific Cod by Vessels Catching Viewer Improvement Act of 1999: Broadcast EC–1072. A communication from the Acting Pacific Cod for Processing by the Inshore Signal Carriage Issues, Retransmission Con- Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- Component in the Western Regulatory Area sent Issues’’ (Docket Nos. 99–363, 00–96) re- eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- of the Gulf of Alaska’’ received on March 16, ceived on March 19, 2001; to the Committee partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. ant to law, the report of a rule entitled Science, and Transportation. EC–1087. A communication from the Pro- ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone EC–1080. A communication from the Acting gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Off Alaska; Groundfish by Vessels Using Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- ministration, Department of Transportation, Non-Pelagic Trawl Gear in the Red King eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Crab Savings Area’’ received on March 16, partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, ant to law, the report of a rule entitled Eurocopter France Model EC120B Heli- Science, and Transportation. ‘‘Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Zone copters’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0163)) received EC–1073. A communication from the Acting Off Alaska; Trawling in Steller Sea Lion on March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Com- Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- Protection Areas in the Central Aleutian merce, Science, and Transportation. eries, National Marine Fisheries Service, De- District of the Bering Sea and Aleutian Is- EC–1088. A communication from the Pro- partment of Commerce, transmitting, pursu- lands Management Area’’ received on March gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- ant to law, the report of a rule entitled 16, 2001; to the Committee on Commerce, ministration, Department of Transportation, ‘‘NMFS Reduces the Trip Limit in the Com- Science, and Transportation. transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of mercial Hook-and-Line Fishery for King EC–1081. A communication from the Acting a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Mackerel in the Southern Florida West Director of the Office of Sustainable Fish- Boeing Model 767 Series Airplanes’’

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4013 ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0162)) received on By Mr. THURMOND (for himself, Mr. mitted by the United States Agency for March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Com- WARNER, and Mr. ALLEN): International Development relating to the merce, Science, and Transportation. S. 571. A bill to provide for the location of restoration of the Mexico City Policy; to the EC–1089. A communication from the Pro- the National Museum of the United States Committee on Foreign Relations. gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- Army; to the Committee on Armed Services. f ministration, Department of Transportation, By Mr. CHAFEE (for himself, Mr. transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of GRAHAM, Mr. HELMS, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: Mrs. HUTCHISON, and Mrs. LINCOLN): S. 22 Boeing Model 737–600, –700, –800, and –700C Se- S. 572. A bill to amend title XIX of the So- ries Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0161)) cial Security Act to extend modifications to At the request of Mr. HAGEL, the received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee DSH allotments provided under the Medi- name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. care, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improve- CRAIG) was added as a cosponsor of S. EC–1090. A communication from the Pro- ment and Protection Act of 2000; to the Com- 22, a bill to amend the Federal Election gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- mittee on Finance. Campaign Act of 1971 to provide mean- ministration, Department of Transportation, By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Mr. ingful campaign finance reform transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of CHAFEE, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. REED, Mrs. through requiring better reporting, de- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: MURRAY, and Mrs. BOXER): Eurocopter France Model AS350B, B1, B3, Ba, S. 573. A bill to amend title XIX of the So- creasing the role of soft money, and in- C, D, D1; ASE55E, F, F1, F2, and N Heli- cial Security Act to allow children enrolled creasing individual contribution lim- copters’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0160)) received in the State children’s health insurance pro- its, and for other purposes. on March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Com- gram to be eligible for benefits under the pe- S. 96 merce, Science, and Transportation. diatric vaccine distribution program; to the EC–1091. A communication from the Pro- At the request of Mr. KOHL, the name Committee on Finance. of the Senator from Massachusetts gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: ministration, Department of Transportation, S. 574. A bill to amend titles XIX and XXI (Mr. KENNEDY) was added as a cospon- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of of the Social Security Act to allow States to sor of S. 96, a bill to ensure that em- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: provide health benefits coverage for parents ployees of traveling sales crews are Pratt and Whitney JT9D Series Turbofan En- of children eligible for child health assist- protected under the Fair Labor Stand- gines’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0159)) received ance under the State children’s health insur- ards Act of 1938 and under other provi- on March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Com- ance program; to the Committee on Finance. sions of law. merce, Science, and Transportation. By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself and S. 125 EC–1092. A communication from the Pro- Ms. SNOWE): gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- S. 575. A bill entitled the ‘‘Hospital Length At the request of Mr. JOHNSON, the ministration, Department of Transportation, of Stay Act of 2001’’; to the Committee on name of the Senator from Minnesota transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. (Mr. DAYTON) was added as a cosponsor a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: of S. 125, a bill to provide substantial Raytheon Aircraft Company Beech Model S. 576. A bill to require health insurance reductions in the price of prescription 1900D Airplanes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0164)) coverage for certain reconstructive surgery; drugs for medicare beneficiaries. received on March 19, 2001; to the Committee to the Committee on Health, Education, on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Labor, and Pensions. S. 149 EC–1093. A communication from the Pro- By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: At the request of Mr. ENZI, the name gram Analyst of the Federal Aviation Ad- S. 577. A bill to limit the administrative of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. CRAPO) ministration, Department of Transportation, expenses and profits of managed care enti- was added as a cosponsor of S. 149, a transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of ties to not more than 15 percent of premium bill to provide authority to control ex- a rule entitled ‘‘Airworthiness Directives: revenues; to the Committee on Health, Edu- ports, and for other purposes. McDonnell Douglas, DC–8–31, –32, –33, –41, –42, cation, Labor, and Pensions. –43, –51, –52, –53, –55, –61, 61F, –62, –62F, –63, By Mr. DORGAN: S. 193 –63F, DC–8F–54, and CD–8F–55 Series Air- S. 578. A bill to prohibit the Secretary of At the request of Mr. BINGAMAN, the planes’’ ((RIN2120–AA64)(2001–0158)) received Transportation from amending or otherwise name of the Senator from Indiana (Mr. on March 19, 2001; to the Committee on Com- modifying the operating certificates of BAYH) was added as a cosponsor of S. merce, Science, and Transportation. major air carriers in connection with a 193, a bill to authorize funding for Ad- f merger or acquisition for a period of 2 years, vanced Scientific Research Computing and for other purposes; to the Committee on INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Programs at the Department of Energy JOINT RESOLUTIONS By Mr. BIDEN: for fiscal years 2002 through 2006, and The following bills and joint resolu- S. 579. A bill to amend the Mutual Edu- for other purposes. tions were introduced, read the first cational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 S. 198 to authorize the Secretary of State to pro- At the request of Mr. CRAIG, the and second times by unanimous con- vide for the establishment of nonprofit enti- sent, and referred as indicated. ties for the Department of State’s inter- name of the Senator from Hawaii (Mr. By Mr. SESSIONS (for himself, Mr. national educational, cultural, and arts pro- AKAKA) was added as a cosponsor of S. COCHRAN, and Mr. HUTCHINSON): grams; to the Committee on Foreign Rela- 198, a bill to require the Secretary of S. 568. A bill to amend the Agriculture, tions. the Interior to establish a program to Rural Development, Food and Drug Adminis- By Mr. HUTCHINSON: provide assistance through States to tration, and Related Agencies Appropria- S. 580. A bill to expedite the construction eligible weed management entities to tions Act, 2001, to respond to the severe eco- of the World War II memorial in the District control or eradicate harmful, non- nomic losses being incurred by crop pro- of Columbia; to the Committee on Govern- native weeds on public and private ducers, livestock and poultry producers, and mental Affairs. greenhouse operators as a result of the sharp By Mr. FITZGERALD (for himself and land. increase in energy costs or input costs from Mrs. CLINTON): S. 202 energy sources; to the Committee on Agri- S. 581. A bill to amend title 10, United At the request of Mr. ALLEN, his culture, Nutrition, and Forestry. States Code, to authorize Army arsenals to name was added as a cosponsor of S. By Mr. BURNS: undertake to fulfill orders or contracts for 202, a bill to rename Wolf Trap Farm S. 569. A bill entitled the ‘‘Health Care Ac- articles or services in advance of the receipt Park for the Performing Arts as ‘‘Wolf cess Improvement Act’’; to the Committee of payment under certain circumstances; to on Finance. the Committee on Armed Services. Trap National Park for the Performing By Mr. BIDEN (for himself, Mr. By Ms. LANDRIEU: Arts’’. DEWINE, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. SPECTER, S.J. Res. 8. A joint resolution designating S. 255 Mrs. CARNAHAN, Mrs. HUTCHISON, Mr. 2002 as the ‘‘Year of the Rose’’; to the Com- At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the MILLER, Ms. COLLINS, and Mr. CAR- mittee on the Judiciary. name of the Senator from Maryland PER): By Mrs. BOXER (for herself, Mr. REID, (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- S. 570. A bill to establish a permanent Vio- Ms. SNOWE, Mr. JEFFORDS, Ms. COL- lence Against Women Office at the Depart- LINS, Mr. SPECTER, and Mr. CHAFEE): sor of S. 255, a bill to require that ment of Justice; to the Committee on the S.J. Res. 9. A joint resolution providing for health plans provide coverage for a Judiciary. congressional disapproval of the rule sub- minimum hospital stay for

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mastectomies and lymph node dissec- (Mr. BUNNING) was added as a cosponsor and partnerships for fiscal years 2002 tion for the treatment of breast cancer of S. 403, a bill to improve the National through 2006, and for other purposes. and coverage for secondary consulta- Writing Project. S. 543 tions. S. 409 At the request of Mr. WELLSTONE, the S. 256 At the request of Mrs. HUTCHISON, the names of the Senator from Hawaii (Mr. At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the name of the Senator from New Hamp- INOUYE) and the Senator from Georgia name of the Senator from Washington shire (Mr. SMITH) was added as a co- (Mr. CLELAND) were added as cospon- (Mrs. MURRAY) was added as a cospon- sponsor of S. 409, a bill to amend title sors of S. 543, a bill to provide for equal sor of S. 256, a bill to amend the Civil 38, United States Code, to clarify the coverage of mental health benefits Rights Act of 1964 to protect standards for compensation for Persian with respect to health insurance cov- breastfeeding by new mothers. Gulf veterans suffering from certain erage unless comparable limitations S. 258 undiagnosed illnesses, and for other are imposed on medical and surgical At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the purposes. benefits. name of the Senator from Maryland S. 410 S. 548 (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- At the request of Mr. CRAPO, the At the request of Mr. HARKIN, the sor of S. 258, a bill to amend title XVIII name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. names of the Senator from Maine (Ms. of the Social Security Act to provide CRAIG) was added as a cosponsor of S. COLLINS) and the Senator from Penn- for coverage under the medicare pro- 410, a bill to amend the Violence sylvania (Mr. SPECTER) were added as gram of annual screening pap smear Against Women Act of 2000 by expand- cosponsors of S. 548, a bill to amend and screening pelvic exams. ing legal assistance for victims of vio- title XVIII of the Social Security Act S. 264 lence grant program to include assist- to provide enhanced reimbursement At the request of Ms. SNOWE, the ance for victims of dating violence. for, and expanded capacity to, mam- name of the Senator from Maryland S. 413 mography services under the medicare (Ms. MIKULSKI) was added as a cospon- At the request of Mr. COCHRAN, the program, and for other purposes. sor of S. 264, a bill to amend title XVIII name of the Senator from North Da- S. CON. RES. 14 of the Social Security Act to expand kota (Mr. CONRAD) was added as a co- At the request of Mr. CAMPBELL, the coverage of bone mass measurements sponsor of S. 413, a bill to amend part names of the Senator from Ohio (Mr. under part B of the medicare program F of title X of the Elementary and Sec- DEWINE) and the Senator from Hawaii to all individuals at clinical risk for ondary Education Act of 1965 to im- (Mr. AKAKA) were added as cosponsors osteoporosis. prove and refocus civic education, and of S. Con. Res. 14, a concurrent resolu- S. 281 for other purposes. tion recognizing the social problem of At the request of Mr. HAGEL, the S. 488 child abuse and neglect, and supporting names of the Senator from California At the request of Mr. ALLEN, the efforts to enhance public awareness of (Mrs. FEINSTEIN), the Senator from name of the Senator from Texas (Mrs. it. North Carolina (Mr. EDWARDS), the HUTCHISON) was added as a cosponsor of S. RES. 16 Senator from Connecticut (Mr. S. 488, a bill to amend the Internal At the request of Mr. THURMOND, the LIEBERMAN), the Senator from Missouri Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for a names of the Senator from North Caro- (Mr. BOND), and the Senator from Ken- refundable education opportunity tax lina (Mr. HELMS), the Senator from tucky (Mr. MCCONNELL) were added as credit. Virginia (Mr. WARNER), the Senator cosponsors of S. 281, a bill to authorize S. 501 from Maryland (Mr. SARBANES), the the design and construction of a tem- At the request of Mr. GRAHAM, the Senator from Texas (Mrs. HUTCHISON), porary education center at the Viet- names of the Senator from North Caro- the Senator from Minnesota (Mr. DAY- nam Veterans Memorial. lina (Mr. EDWARDS), the Senator from TON), and the Senator from Alabama S. 311 Massachusetts (Mr. KENNEDY), and the (Mr. SESSIONS) were added as cospon- At the request of Mr. DOMENICI, the Senator from Wisconsin (Mr. KOHL) sors of S. Res. 16, a resolution desig- name of the Senator from Alabama were added as cosponsors of S. 501, a nating August 16, 2001, as ‘‘National (Mr. SHELBY) was added as a cosponsor bill to amend titles IV and XX of the Airborne Day.’’ of S. 311, a bill to amend the Elemen- Social Security Act to restore funding AMENDMENT NO. 112 tary and Secondary Education Act of for the Social Services Block Grant, to At the request of Mr. DOMENICI, the 1965 to provide for partnerships in char- restore the ability of States to transfer names of the Senator from Texas (Mrs. acter education. up to 10 percent of TANF funds to HUTCHISON), the Senator from Ken- S. 350 carry out activities under such block tucky (Mr. MCCONNELL), and the Sen- grant, and to require an annual report At the request of Mr. CHAFEE, the ator from Kentucky (Mr. BUNNING) names of the Senator from Indiana on such activities by the Secretary of were added as cosponsors of amend- (Mr. LUGAR) and the Senator from Min- Health and Human Services. ment No. 112 proposed to S. 27, a bill to nesota (Mr. DAYTON) were added as co- S. 512 amend the Federal Election Campaign sponsors of S. 350, a bill to amend the At the request of Mr. DORGAN, the Act of 1971 to provide bipartisan cam- Comprehensive Environmental Re- names of the Senator from South Da- paign reform. sponse, Compensation, and Liability kota (Mr. JOHNSON), the Senator from f Act of 1980 to promote the cleanup and Utah (Mr. BENNETT), and the Senator reuse of brownfields, to provide finan- from Arkansas (Mr. HUTCHINSON) were STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED cial assistance for brownfields revital- added as cosponsors of S. 512, a bill to BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS ization, to enhance State response pro- foster innovation and technological ad- By Mr. SESSIONS (for himself, grams, and for other purposes. vancement in the development of the Mr. COCHRAN, and Mr. HUTCH- S. 392 Internet and electronic commerce, and INSON): At the request of Mr. SARBANES, the to assist the States in simplifying their S. 568. A bill to amend the Agri- name of the Senator from Texas (Mrs. sales and use taxes. culture, Rural Development, Food and HUTCHISON) was added as a cosponsor of S. 517 Drug Administration, and Related S. 392, a bill to grant a Federal Charter At the request of Mr. BINGAMAN, the Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, to to Korean War Veterans Association, name of the Senator from Idaho (Mr. respond to the severe economic losses Incorporated, and for other purposes. CRAPO) was added as a cosponsor of S. being incurred by crop producers, live- S. 403 517, a bill to authorize funding the De- stock and poultry producers, and At the request of Mr. COCHRAN, the partment of Energy to enhance its mis- greenhouse operators as a result of the name of the Senator from Kentucky sion areas through technology transfer sharp increase in energy costs or input

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4015 costs from energy sources; to the Com- health care is almost impossible due to mary care physician per 3,500 popu- mittee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and a lack of doctors and dentists in small lation as the standard for a primary Forestry. town America. care Health Professional Shortage Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. President, I ask There are nine counties in the great Area, HPSA. More than 20 million unanimous consent that the text of the state of Montana which do not have Americans live in rural and frontier bill be printed in the RECORD. even one doctor. In these rural set- HPSAs. Most of the State of Montana There being no objection, the bill was tings, agriculture is often the only em- is beyond rural, it’s frontier. As of 1997, ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as ployer. Farming and ranching is hard, more than 2,200 physicians were needed follows: dangerous work. Serious injuries can nationwide to satisfy these non-metro- S. 568 happen in an instant. And while Mon- politan primary care HPSAs shortages. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- tanans have always been known as a I think this bill is a step in the right resentatives of the United States of America in heartier breed of people, we get sick direction. Congress assembled, too. It is unreasonable to expect the Mr. President, I urge my colleagues SECTION 1. EMERGENCY RELIEF FROM HIGH EN- farmer who has had a run-in with an to work with me and join in support of ERGY COSTS FOR CROP PRO- auger or the elderly rancher’s widow to this legislation. Rural Montana, rural DUCERS, LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY PRODUCERS, AND GREENHOUSE OP- drive two hours or more to get stitched America, and health service providers ERATORS. up or to have a crown on a tooth re- all benefit from increased access, serv- Section 815 of the Agriculture, Rural De- placed. As doctors, dentists, physicians ice and a better quality of life. In velopment, Food and Drug Administration, assistants, mental health providers, short, everyone wins with this legisla- and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, and nurse practitioners are attracted tion. I look forward to making this leg- 2001 (114 Stat. 1549, 1549A–55), is amended— to the more urban areas, Montanans islation work for so many of the men, (1) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ‘‘para- and others in isolated communities graph (2)’’ and inserting ‘‘paragraph (2) and women and children in need of quality subsection (c)(2)’’; will suffer. We must do what we can to health care. (2) in subsections (b)(2) and (d), by striking ensure that these health care providers I ask unanimous consent that the ‘‘subsection (c)(2)’’ each place it appears and come to rural America, we must give text of the bill be printed in the inserting ‘‘subsection (c)(1)(B)’’; them some incentive to practice in RECORD. (3) in subsection (c)— these smaller communities so that citi- There being no objection, the bill was (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), zens living in these areas can finally ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as and (3) as subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), re- enjoy the medical treatment they de- follows: spectively, and indenting appropriately; serve. (B) by striking ‘‘Assistance’’ and inserting S. 569 the following: This problem is not unique to my Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- ‘‘(1) LOSSES DUE TO DAMAGING WEATHER AND State of Montana, alone. In fact, resentatives of the United States of America in RELATED CONDITIONS.—Assistance’’; and throughout the United States, we con- Congress assembled, (C) by adding at the end the following: tinue to experience scarcity in all or SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘(2) ECONOMIC LOSSES DUE TO HIGHER EN- parts of 2,692 counties. In rural areas, This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Health Care ERGY COSTS.—The Secretary shall also pro- serious shortages exist in the supply of Access Improvement Act’’. vide assistance under this section to crop primary care practitioners and spe- SEC. 2. NONREFUNDABLE CREDIT FOR CERTAIN producers, livestock and poultry producers, cialty care practitioners. This is pre- PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PRO- and greenhouse operators for any severe in- VIDERS SERVING HEALTH PROFES- creased operating costs that the producers cisely the reason why this bill is so im- SIONAL SHORTAGE AREAS. and operators have experienced, or are likely portant. (a) IN GENERAL.—Subpart A of part IV of to experience, during calendar year 2000 or Twenty-nine health care organiza- subchapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal 2001 as the result of an increase in energy tions believe strongly in this legisla- Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to nonrefund- costs or input costs from energy sources.’’; tion, as well. They actively support the able personal credits) is amended by insert- and introduction of this legislation to pro- ing after section 25A the following new sec- (4) in subsection (e), by striking ‘‘Assist- vide a tax credit to health care pro- tion: ance’’ and inserting ‘‘Except as provided in viders establishing practices in under- ‘‘SEC. 25B. PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PRO- subsection (c)(2), assistance’’. VIDERS SERVING HEALTH PROFES- served areas because they realize it SIONAL SHORTAGE AREAS. will help thousands of health care pro- By Mr. BURNS: ‘‘(a) ALLOWANCE OF CREDIT.—In the case of viders make decisions to establish an individual who is a qualified primary S. 569. A bill entitled the ‘‘Health their practices in America’s under- health services provider for any month dur- Care Access Improvement Act’’; to the served communities. So many commu- ing the taxable year, there shall be allowed Committee on Finance. nities whose access to qualified health as a credit against the tax imposed by this Mr. BURNS. Mr. President, I rise care professionals has been a constant chapter for such taxable year an amount equal to $1,000 for each month during such today to introduce the ‘‘Health Care ‘‘revolving door’’ will be greatly helped Access Improvement Act of 2001.’’ This taxable year— by this tax credit. Mr. President, I hold ‘‘(1) which is part of the eligible service pe- bill is designed to dramatically expand here in my hand a letter on behalf of riod of such individual, and rural America’s access to modern these various groups which I ask to be ‘‘(2) for which such individual is a qualified health care. inserted in the RECORD at the conclu- primary health services provider. The Health Care Access Improvement sion of my remarks. ‘‘(b) QUALIFIED PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES Act creates a significant tax incentive, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without PROVIDER.—For purposes of this section, the which encourages doctors, dentists, objection, it is so ordered. term ‘qualified primary health services pro- physician assistants, licensed mental (See exhibit 1.) vider’ means, with respect to any month, health providers, and nurse practi- any physician, physician assistant, or nurse Mr. BURNS. It is important to note practitioner, who is certified for such month tioners to establish practices in under- that less than 11 percent of the nation’s by the Bureau to be a primary health serv- served areas. Until now, rural areas physicians are practicing in non-met- ices provider or a mental health provider li- have not been able to compete with the ropolitan areas, less than 11 percent. censed under applicable state law who— financial draw of urban settings and This is a significant number, folks. We ‘‘(1) is providing primary health services therefore have had trouble attracting owe it to the men, women, children, el- full time and substantially all of whose pri- medical professionals to their commu- derly and families living in these non- mary health services are provided in a health nities. The $1,000 per month tax credit urban communities to take steps nec- professional shortage area, will allow health care workers to enjoy ‘‘(2) is not receiving during the calendar essary to increase this percentage and year which includes such month a scholar- the advantages of rural life without get more health care providers to their ship under the National Health Service Corps drastic financial sacrifices. But the communities. Scholarship Program or the Indian health real winners in this bill are the thou- The Department of Health and professions scholarship program or a loan re- sands of Americans whose access to Human Services uses a ratio of one pri- payment under the National Health Service

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Corps Loan Repayment Program or the In- for them to establish roots in these commu- Yet, unfortunately, we are far from dian Health Service Loan Repayment Pro- nities. eradicating this crime. It is a crime gram, Many communities whose access to quali- which harms women, leaving them bat- fied health care professionals has been a con- ‘‘(3) is not fulfilling service obligations tered and blue, sending them to the under such Programs, and stant ‘‘revolving door’’ will be greatly helped ‘‘(4) has not defaulted on such obligations. by this tax credit. It is estimated that more hospital, and causing them to miss Such term shall not include any individual than 20,000 clinicians are needed to eliminate work. We have also a crime that affects who is described in paragraph (1) with re- all of the Primary Care Dental, Medical and their children—children who cower spect to any of the 3 most recent months Mental Health, Health Professional Shortage while watching their mother get bat- ending before the date of the enactment of Areas (HPSAs) now designated across our na- tered, children who too often then act this section. tion. Please accept our endorsement for this out their own aggression. ‘‘(c) ELIGIBLE SERVICE PERIOD.—For pur- poses of this section, the term ‘eligible serv- critical proposal that will improve America’s I would love to say that, in my life- ice period’ means the period of 60 consecu- public health and access to health care in time, we will break this cycle of family underserved areas. Thank you for offering tive calendar months beginning with the violence. But, we are not there yet. such an important proposal at the outset of first month the taxpayer is a qualified pri- the legislative session and for your contin- One way of working towards this mary health services provider. ued leadership. Please let us know how we goal, however, is to preserve the Vio- ‘‘(d) OTHER DEFINITIONS AND SPECIAL may be helpful to you as we work together lence Against Women Office at the Jus- RULE.—For purposes of this section— to improve access to care. We are committed tice Department. Today I, along with ‘‘(1) BUREAU.—The term ‘Bureau’ means to provide sustained assistance as you move the Bureau of Health Care Delivery and As- Senators DEWINE, LEVIN, SPECTER, this proposal forward. CARNAHAN, HUTCHISON, MILLER, COL- sistance, Health Resources and Services Ad- Sincerely, ministration of the United States Public LINS, and CARPER, have introduced a RICHARD W. VALACHOVIC, D.M.D., Health Service. M.P.H. bill making the Office permanent. ‘‘(2) PHYSICIAN.—The term ‘physician’ has Executive Director. This office is vital because it has the meaning given to such term by section On behalf of the: American Academy of Pe- been instrumental in our efforts to 1861(r) of the Social Security Act. diatric Dentistry; American Association of help women harmed by domestic vio- ‘‘(3) PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT.—The term ‘phy- Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine; American sician assistant’ has the meaning given to lence. Since its inception, the Violence Association of Colleges of Pharmacy; Amer- such term by section 1861(aa)(5)(A) of the So- Against Women Office has distributed ican Association of Community Dental Pro- over one billion dollars in its first five cial Security Act. grams; American Association for Dental Re- ‘‘(4) NURSE PRACTITIONER.—The term ‘nurse search; American Association of Public years to states, localities, tribal gov- practitioner’ has the meaning given to such Health Dentistry; American College of ernments, and private organizations. term by section 1861(aa)(5)(A) of the Social Nurse-Midwives; American College of Nurse These governments and groups, in Security Act. Practitioners; American College of Osteo- turn, have used these precious funds to ‘‘(5) PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PROVIDER.— pathic Emergency Physicians; American Col- improve the investigation and prosecu- The term ‘primary health services provider’ lege of Osteopathic Family Physicians; means a provider of basic health services (as tion of crimes of domestic violence, American Dental Association; American stalking, and sexual assault; to train described in section 330(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Pub- Dental Education Association; American lic Health Service Act). Dental Hygienists’ Association; American prosecutors, police officers, and judges ‘‘(6) HEALTH PROFESSIONAL SHORTAGE Medical Student Association; American Op- on the special aspects of cases involv- AREA.—The term ‘health professional short- tometric Association; American Osteopathic ing violence against women; and to age area’ means any area which, as of the be- Association; American Psychological Asso- offer the needed services to victims and ginning of the eligible service period, is a ciation; American Student Dental Associa- their families. health professional shortage area (as defined tion; Association of Academic Health Cen- In particular, this funding includes in section 332(a)(1) of the Public Health Serv- ters; Association of American Medical Col- ice Act) taking into account only the cat- leges; Association of American Veterinary the incredibly successful STOP egory of health services provided by the Medical Colleges; Association of Schools of grants—grants which fund the Services qualified primary health services provider. Allied Health Professions; Association of for the Training of Officers and Pros- ‘‘(7) ONLY 60 MONTHS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT.— Schools and Colleges of Optometry; Associa- ecutors. These STOP grants—the larg- In no event shall more than 60 months be tion of Schools of Public Health; Clinical So- est grant program created by the Vio- taken into account under subsection (a) by cial Work Federation; Coalition of Higher lence Against Women Act, are espe- Education Assistance Organizations; Na- any individual for all taxable years.’’. cially effective because each grant (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of tional Association of Graduate-Professional sections for subpart A of part IV of sub- Students; National League for Nursing and must be used to upgrade three vital chapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Rev- National Organization of Nurse Practitioners areas: prosecution, law enforcement, enue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting Faculties. and victim services. after the item relating to section 25A the fol- Likewise, the Violence Against lowing new item: By Mr. BIDEN (for himself, Mr. Women Office has awarded grants to DEWINE, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. SPEC- ‘‘Sec. 25B. Primary health services providers encourage arrest policies, which seek TER, Mrs. CARNAHAN, Mrs. serving health professional to educate our police officers that, shortage areas.’’. HUTCHISON, Mr. MILLER, Ms. when they answer a call for help by a COLLINS, and Mr. CARPER): (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments woman being battered, they should not S. 570. A bill to establish a perma- made by this section shall apply to taxable turn away. This battery is not a pri- nent Violence Against Women Office at years beginning after December 31, 2001. vate matter, to be left behind closed EXHIBIT 1 the Department of Justice; to the Com- mittee on the Judiciary. doors—where a man as king of his cas- ADEA, Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, today, I tle can do as he pleases. No, not any- AMERICAN DENTAL EDUCATION more. That woman’s abuser is commit- ASSOCIATION, address once more the subject of vio- lence against women. It is still a prob- ting a crime and he is subject to arrest Washington, DC, March 13, 2001. and prosecution. Hon. CONRAD BURNS, lem. United States Senate, According to the Justice Department The Office has also distributed mon- Dirksen Senate Office Building, statistics, violence against women by ies to our rural areas as part of the Washington, DC. intimate partners is actually down, program for Rural Domestic Violence DEAR SENATOR BURNS: The 29 undersigned falling 21 percent from 1993 to 1998. and Child Abuse Enforcement. I am organizations actively support your intro- Luckily, we can thank the programs sorry to say but this problem is in duction of legislation to provide a tax credit created by the Violence Against every part of this nation, and the Vio- to health care providers establishing prac- lence Against Women Office has sent tices in underserved areas. This tax credit Women Act, which I introduced almost will not only help thousands of health care a decade ago, and the efforts of advo- funds to every corner of America, all providers make decisions to establish their cates all across this country, from the way from Orem, UT to Waterbury, practices in America’s underserved commu- Dover to Denver, in educating us to VT. Yet, despite its pervasiveness, do- nities, but also will provide sufficient time confront domestic violence head-on. mestic violence itself is under attack.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4017 And the Violence Against Women Of- against women, including formula and dis- Our great Capital City and its sur- fice is leading the fight. Given the suc- cretionary grant programs authorized under rounding countryside host every kind cess of the many programs of the Vio- the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 of museum imaginable, but not one for lence Against Women Act as adminis- (title IV of Public Law 103–322) and the Vio- one of this Nation’s greatest institu- lence Against Women Act of 2000 (Division B tered by the Office, I believe that the of Public Law 106–386); and tions, the United States Army. Area time has come to make the Violence (2) shall be solely responsible for coordina- museums serving the American public Against Women Office permanent by tion with other offices or agencies of admin- today are all worthy museums, but this statute. This Office is long overdue a istration, enforcement, and implementation great city and this great Nation are strong foundation. of the programs, grants, and activities au- sadly without a museum for its citizen- Moreover, the Office is due the pres- thorized or undertaken under the Violence soldiers who have sacrificed so much tige it deserves. My bill realizes this Against Women Act of 1994 (title IV of Public for their country. aim in a couple of ways. First, my bill Law 103–322) and the Violence Against The purpose of the legislation which Women Act of 2000 (Division B of Public Law I introduce today is to designate a provides that the Office be separate 106–386). place for the Army Museum to be built from any division or component of the SEC. 4. DIRECTOR OF VIOLENCE AGAINST Justice Department. In this regard, WOMEN OFFICE. to preserve, interpret, and display the with the Office’s Director reporting di- (a) APPOINTMENT.—The President, by and important role the Army has played in rectly to the Associate Attorney Gen- with the advice and consent of the Senate, the history of our Nation. eral, as my bill requires, the Office will shall appoint a Director for the Violence What I propose is not new. Over the be shielded from any attempts to undo Against Women Office (in this Act referred past two decades many sites have been the great work it has historically ac- to as the ‘‘Director’’) to be responsible for suggested and most are unsatisfactory the administration, coordination, and imple- complished. Why mess with success? because they have unrealistic develop- mentation of the programs and activities of ment requirements, because their loca- Second, my bill provides that the Di- the office. rector of the Office shall now be nomi- (b) OTHER EMPLOYMENT.—The Director tions are unsuitable for such an es- nated by the President and confirmed shall not— teemed building, or they lacked an ap- by the Senate. This, too, raises the (1) engage in any employment other than propriate Army setting. Since 1983, the prestige of the work that the Violence that of serving as Director; or process of choosing a site for the Army Against Women Office seeks to accom- (2) hold any office in, or act in any capac- Museum has been a long cumbersome plish day-in and day-out. It also sub- ity for, any organization, agency, or institu- undertaking. A site selection com- tion with which the Office makes any con- mittee was organized and it developed jects the selection of the Director, who tract or other agreement under the Violence performs the essential job of imple- Against Women Act of 1994 (title IV of Public a list of 17 criteria which any candidate menting the Violence Against Women Law 103–322) or the Violence Against Women site is required to possess before it was Act, to the democratic process—there- Act of 2000 (Division B of Public Law 106–386). to be selected as home to the Army by insuring that we attract the best (c) VACANCY.—In the case of a vacancy, the Museum. Among other requirements, candidates. President may designate an officer or em- these criteria required such things as: Yes, indeed, we are far from solving ployee who shall act as Director during the an area permitting movement of large vacancy. military vehicles for exhibits and trac- the crime of domestic violence. But let (d) COMPENSATION.—The Director shall be us take a step in the right direction. compensated at a rate of pay not to exceed tor trailer trucks for shipments, com- Join me in making the Violence the rate payable for level V of the Executive manding and aesthetically pleasing Against Women Office permanent. The Schedule under section 5316 of title 5, United vistas, positive impact on environ- safety of women and their families de- States Code. ment, closeness to public transpor- pends on it. SEC. 5. REGULATORY AUTHORIZATION. tation, closeness to a Washington Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- The Director may, after appropriate con- Tourmobile route, convenience to Fort sent that the text of the bill be printed sultation with representatives of States and Myer for support by the 3rd Infantry, units of local government, establish such in the RECORD. The Old Guard, accessibility by private rules, regulations, and procedures as are nec- There being no objection, the bill was automobile, adequate parking for 150 essary to the exercise of the functions of the staff and official visitors, adequate ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as Office, and are consistent with the stated follows: purposes of this Act and those of the Vio- parking for a portion of the 1,000,000 S. 570 lence Against Women Act of 1994 (title IV of visitors per year that do not use public Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- Public Law 103–322) and the Violence Against transportation, food service for staff resentatives of the United States of America in Women Act of 2000 (Division B of Public Law and visitors, area low in crime and safe Congress assembled, 106–386). for staff and visitors, suitable space, SEC. 6. OFFICE STAFF. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 300,000 square feet, for construction, a The Attorney General shall ensure that This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Violence low water table, good drainage and no there is adequate staff to support the Direc- Against Women Office Act’’. history of flooding and suitability for tor in carrying out the responsibilities of the subterranean construction. SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF VIOLENCE AGAINST Director under this Act. WOMEN OFFICE. Since 1984, more than 60 sites have SEC. 7. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. (a) IN GENERAL.—There is established in been studied, yet only a handful has There are authorized to be appropriated the Department of Justice a Violence been worthy of any serious consider- Against Women Office (in this Act referred such sums as are necessary to carry out this Act. ation. to as the ‘‘Office’’) under the general author- The most prominent recent site sug- ity of the Attorney General. gestions have included Carlisle, Penn- (b) SEPARATE OFFICE.—The Office— By Mr. THURMOND (for himself, (1) shall not be part of any division or com- Mr. WARNER, and Mr. ALLEN): sylvania; Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; ponent of the Department of Justice; and S. 571. A bill to provide for the loca- the Washington Navy Yard; and Fort (2) shall be a separate office headed by a tion of the National Museum of the Belvoir, Virginia. Of these sites, most Director who shall report to the Attorney United States Army; to the Committee clearly have characteristics which are General through the Associate Attorney on Armed Services. directly contrary to the established General of the United States, and who shall Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, criteria for site selection. The extraor- also serve as Counsel to the Attorney Gen- today I am introducing legislation to dinary distance of Carlisle from Wash- eral. create a National Museum for the ington speaks for itself. The suggestion SEC. 3. JURISDICTION. United States Army. This endeavor is that the Army locate its museum in The Office— important to every American, every Washington’s Navy Yard is also di- (1) shall have jurisdiction over all matters related to administration, enforcement, co- veteran, and all Members of Congress. rectly contrary to prerequisites for site ordination, and implementation of all re- I would be greatly pleased to have selection. The Washington Navy Yard sponsibilities of the Attorney General or the my colleagues join me in sponsoring is situated in a dangerous and difficult- Department of Justice related to violence this worthy legislation. to-get-to part of Washington, on the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 4018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Anacostia River and on a precarious 50- is a task for this Congress at the begin- 3. Low water table, good drainage, no his- year flood plain. Because this area ning of a new century, at a time when tory of flooding and suitable for subterra- floods so often, a ‘‘Washington Navy all Americans are proud of their Na- nean construction, if necessary. 4. Topography of site permits building de- Yard Army Museum’’, let me pause to tion’s accomplishments and those who sign to include north light for labs and repeat this awkward location a ‘‘Wash- made it all possible. I am absolutely graphics branch. ington Navy Yard Army Museum’’, concerned that all our veterans are 5. Area will permit movement of large might well suffer the embarrassment of honored, and honored honorably. Every military vehicles for exhibits and tractor being closed ‘‘due to flooding.’’ This year Army veterans bring their fami- trailer trucks for shipments. would not be the way America should lies to Washington and are dis- 6. Commanding and aesthetically pleasing honor Army history. The Navy Yard appointed that no museum exists as a vistas. 7. Positive impact on environment. over the years has become less military tribute to their service and sacrifice. 8. Close to public transportation. in character and a patchwork home to Time is running out for many Army 9. Close to Tourmobile route. various government offices. To locate veterans, especially those of World War 10. Convenient to National Archives and the Army Museum in an old Navy yard, II. I urge my colleagues to review this Library of Congress for staff use. which is sometimes under water, would important piece of legislation and sup- 11. Convenience to the Pentagon for staff send a clear signal to visitors that port its passage. Mr. President, I ask coordination. 12. Close enough to Fort Myer for support choosing a home to their history was unanimous consent that the text of by the 3d Infantry, The Old Guard. nothing more than an afterthought. this bill and the site selection criteria 13. Accessible by private automobile. In 1991, the Deputy Secretary of De- be printed in the RECORD. 14. Adequate parking for 150 staff and offi- fense directed that the site searches in- There being no objection, the mate- cial visitors or space for same. clude the Mount Vernon Corridor as a rial was ordered to be printed in the 15. Adequate parking for a portion of the possible location for the Army Mu- RECORD, as follows: 1,000,000 visitors per year that do not use seum. Fort Belvoir quickly became a S. 571 public transportation or space for same. very attractive location. Fort Belvoir 16. Food service for staff and visitors, if Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- not provided in new building. offers a 48-acre site, only 5 minutes resentatives of the United States of America in 17. Area low in crime and safe for staff and from Interstate 95, which is traveled by Congress assembled, visitors. over 300 million vehicles annually, it is SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 3 minutes from the Fairfax County This Act may be cited as the ‘‘National By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself, Museum of the United States Army Site Act parkway, and is served by Metro Bus, Mr. CHAFEE, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. of 2001’’. the Fort Belvoir site fronts on US REED, Mrs. MURRAY, and Mrs. SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSES. OXER Route 1, Richmond Highway and is (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the fol- B ): next to the main gate of Fort Belvoir. lowing findings: S. 573. A bill to amend title XIX of The Fort Belvoir site is also a winner (1) The Nation does not have adequate the Social Security Act to allow chil- historically. It is on a portion of Gen- knowledge of the role of the Army in the de- dren enrolled in the State children’s eral George Washington’s properties velopment and protection of the United health insurance program to be eligible when he was Commander in Chief of States. for benefits under the pediatric vaccine the Continental Army. It is located on (2) The Army, the oldest United States distribution program; to the Com- the historical heritage trail of the military service, lacks a primary museum mittee on Finance. Mount Vernon Estate, The Grist Mill, with public exhibition space and is in dire need of a permanent facility to house and Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, I Woodlawn Plantation, Pohick Church, display its historical artifacts. rise today with my colleagues Senators and Gunston Hall. Situating the Army (3) Such a museum would serve to enhance CHAFEE, DURBIN, REED, MURRAY, and Museum at Fort Belvoir is a natural the preservation, study, and interpretation BOXER to introduce a bill to clarify tie to a long established military and of Army historical artifacts. that children receiving health insur- historic installation that has already (4) Many Army artifacts of historical sig- ance under the State Children’s Health been approved by the National Capitol nificance and national interest which are Insurance Program, SCHIP, in States Planning Commission to be used for currently unavailable for public display like California are eligible for free vac- community activities, which includes would be exhibited in such a museum. (5) While the Smithsonian Institution cines under the federal Vaccines for museums, as a part of the Fort Belvoir would be able to assist the Army in devel- Children, VFC, program. Master Plan. The Fort Belvoir site oping programs of presentations relating to Providing low-income children with meets all 17 criterions originally estab- the mission, values, and heritage of the access to immunizations is a high pri- lished by the Army. Army, such a museum would be a more ap- ority of mine. I believe that we must The bill I am introducing today propriate institution for such programs. work to ensure that our nation’s names Fort Belvoir as the site for the (b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act youngsters begin life protected against Army Museum. Fort Belvoir is the best are— the diseases for which there are vac- location in the Washington area to (1) to provide for a permanent site for a museum to serve as the National Museum of cinations available. host an Army museum. Army veterans the United States Army; The Centers for Disease Control, want to remember and show their con- (2) to ensure the preservation, mainte- CDC, estimates that in many areas of tribution to history in an Army setting nance, and interpretation of the artifacts the U.S. immunization rates continue and culture in which they themselves and history collected by such museum; to fall below 75 percent among children once served. Fort Belvoir is the perfect (3) to enhance the knowledge of the Amer- under 2 years old. This is unacceptable. place to do this and it qualifies on ican people of the role of the Army in United In 1993, the U.S. experienced the larg- every criterion established in 1983 by States history; and est outbreak of whooping cough in over the Army’s Site Selection Committee. (4) to provide a facility for the public dis- 20 years. Additionally, from 1989 to play of the artifacts and history of the For Belvoir is Army and should host Army. 1991, a measles outbreak resulted in 123 Army history. Therefore, I ask that my SEC. 3. LOCATION OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF deaths and 55,000 cases. These are dis- colleagues support this bill and bring THE UNITED STATES ARMY. eases for which vaccinations are avail- the 18-year search for a home for the The Secretary of the Army shall provide able. Army Museum to a close by selecting a for the location of the National Museum of While we are doing a better job of worthy home for one of this Nation’s the United States Army at Fort Belvoir, Vir- educating families about the impor- greatest institutions. ginia. tance of receiving timely immuniza- Thomas Jefferson wrote to John ARMY’S NMUSA SITE SELECTION CRITERIA tions, we must now focus our efforts on Adams in 1817, ‘‘A morsel of genuine 1. Site large enough for building of 300,000 ensuring access to immunizations for history is a thing so rare as to be al- square feet. those most in need. ways valuable.’’ I am pleased to see 2. Suitable soil and other physical prop- The federal Vaccines for Children that the National U.S. Army Museum erties. program, created by Congress in 1993,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.001 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4019 P.L. 105–33, is an excellent example of a that states like California, who have have been getting them when they program that provides vaccines at no implemented SCHIP using private were uninsured and 2. have no other cost to low-income children. health insurance, be given the same way to get them once they become in- To be eligible for the VFC program support and eligibility for the Vaccines sured. under current federal law, a child must for Children, VFC, program at no cost According to an Annie E. Casey be a Medicaid recipient, uninsured, or as States which have chosen to expand Foundation report, 22 percent of Cali- of American Indian or Alaskan Native their Medicaid program.’’ fornia’s two-year olds are not immu- heritage. A study conducted by the California nized. Add to that the fact that we The U.S. Department of Health and Medical Association found that pedi- have one of the highest uninsured rates Human Services, HHS, argues that a atric capitation rates for children ages in the country. child participating in SCHIP, called 0–21 averages $24.24 per child per Over 28 percent of California’s chil- Healthy Families in California, is not month. However, a 1998 Towers Perrin dren are without health insurance, eligible for the free immunizations pro- Study of physician costs for children compared to 25 percent nationally, ac- vided by the VFC program because that ages 0–21 years found averages to be cording to the Annie E. Case Founda- child is ‘‘insured.’’ $47.00 per child per month. These num- tion. Clearly, there is a need. I believe the interpretation of ‘‘in- bers demonstrate the discrepancy be- The San Francisco Chronicle edito- sured’’ is not consistent with tween payment and costs for children rialized on March 10, 1998: ‘‘More than Congress’s intent in establishing enrolled in a capitation plan, which in- half a million California children SCHIP. I believe that in defining the cludes all children enrolled in Califor- should not be deprived of vaccinations term ‘‘insured’’ at that time Congress nia’s Healthy Families program. or health insurance because of a tech- clearly meant private health insurance Add to this discrepancy in payments nicality . . .,’’ calling the denial of plans. the fact that children need 18 to 22 im- vaccines ‘‘a game of semantics.’’ Children enrolled in SCHIP, or in my munizations before the age of 6. This Children’s health should not be a State the Healthy Families program, process becomes quite costly! ‘‘game of semantics.’’ Proper childhood are participating in a federal-state, The discrepancy in payment and immunizations are fundamental to a subsidized insurance plan. Healthy costs means that many California phy- lifetime of good health. I urge my col- Families is a state-operated program. sicians cannot afford to provide pa- leagues to join me in supporting this Families apply to the State for partici- tients with the necessary life-saving legislation, to help me keep our chil- pation. They are not insured by a pri- immunizations, so children in my dren healthy. vate, commercial plan, as traditionally State are often going without vaccina- defined or as defined in the Vaccine for tions. By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: Children’s law (42 U.S.C. sec. This reality has caused serious prob- S. 574. A bill to amend titles XIX and 1396s(b)(2)(B). lems for children in California. XXI of the Social Security Act to allow Several California based provider For example: From 1993 to 1997, Or- States to provide health benefits cov- groups agree. For example, in February ange County California had 85 hos- erage for parents of children eligible 1999 the California Medical Association pitalizations and four deaths related to for child health assistance under the wrote to then-HHS Secretary Donna chicken pox. Across the State in 1996 State children’s health insurance pro- Shalala: ‘‘As they are participants in a there were 15 deaths and 1,172 hos- gram, to the Committee on Finance. federal and state-subsidized health pro- pitalizations related to chicken pox. Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President. gram, these individuals are not ‘‘in- The Immunization Branch in California Today, I am introducing legislation to sured’’ for the purposes of 42 U.S.C. sec. reported over 1,000 whooping cough allow States, at their option, to enroll 1396s(b)(B).’’ cases, including 5 deaths, in 1998—the parents in the State Children’s Health HHS has interpreted the law so nar- largest number of cases and deaths Insurance Program, known as S- CHIP. rowly that as many as 630,000 children since the 1960s. This bill could provide insurance to in California under California’s Whooping cough and chicken pox are 2.7 million uninsured parents nation- Healthy Families program have lost or two examples of diseases for which wide and 356,000 parents in California will lose their eligibility to receive free there are vaccinations available. at a time when the uninsured rate in vaccines. Approximately 428,641 kids We must do more to increase access the country and in California continues have lost eligibility to date. to vaccinations for our nation’s chil- to rise. The VFC program is particularly im- dren. Congress has appropriated a total of portant to California in ensuring ac- In 1998, as many 743,000 poor children $17.2 billion for SCHIP for Fiscal Years cess to life-saving immunizations for in California, who were uninsured or on 1998, 1999, and 2000, or about $4.3 billion two reasons. Medicaid, received these vaccines. This for each Fiscal Year. First, California ranks 40th overall number is down by approximately SCHIP is a low-cost health insurance among states having children fully im- 32,000 children in comparison to the program for low-income children up to munized by the age of 19 to 35 months. 1997 immunization figures for Califor- age 19 that Congress created in the Bal- In 1996, however, California ranked nia’s poor children. anced Budget Act of 1997. After three 32nd. Clearly the situation in Cali- What can be so basic to public health years, SCHIP covers approximately fornia is getting worse rather than bet- than immunization against disease? Do two million children across the coun- ter. Allowing SCHIP children to access we really want our children to get try, out of the three to four million immunizations through the VFC pro- polio, measles, mumps, chicken pox, children estimated to be eligible. gram could increase the number of rubella, and whooping cough, diseases Congress created SCHIP as a way to children receiving vaccinations in the for which we have effective vaccines, provide affordable health insurance to State. diseases which we have practically uninsured children in families that Second, in creating SCHIP in Cali- eradicated by widespread immuniza- cannot afford to buy private insurance. fornia, the State chose to set up a pro- tion? States can choose from three options gram under which the State contracts Congress recognized the importance when designing their SCHIP program: with private insurers, rather than pro- of immunizations in creating the VFC 1. expansion of their current Medicaid viding eligible children care through program, with many Congressional program; 2. creation of a separate Medicaid, Medi-Cal in California. leaders at the time arguing that child- State insurance program; or 3. a com- The California Managed Risk Medical hood immunization is one of the most bination of both approaches. Insurance Board, which is admin- cost-effective steps we can take to California’s SCHIP is known as the istering the new program with the De- keep our children healthy. Healthy Families program and is set up partment of Health Services, wrote to It makes no sense to me to withhold as a public-private program rather HHS in February 1999: ‘‘It is imperative immunizations from children who 1. than a Medicaid expansion. Healthy

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Families allows California families to pand SCHIP coverage to parents whose agree with us and support this legisla- use federal and State SCHIP funds to children are eligible for the program at tion. purchase private managed care insur- whatever income eligibility level the I urge my colleagues to join me in ance for their children. state sets. In my State, that would supporting and passing this bill. By Under the federal law, States gen- mean a family of four earning up to giving States the option to cover par- erally cover children in families with $42,625 would be eligible for coverage. ents—whole families—we can reduce incomes up to 200 percent of poverty, This bill would retain current fund- the number of uninsured, encourage although States can go higher if their ing formulas, State allotments, bene- the enrollment of more children, and Medicaid eligibility was higher than fits, eligibility rules, and cost-sharing help keep people healthy by maxi- that when SCHIP was enacted in 1997 requirements. The only change is to mizing this valuable, but currently or through waivers by the Department allow States the option to enroll par- under-utilized program. of Health and Human Services. In Cali- ents. fornia, eligibility was raised to 250 per- An SCHIP expansion should be ac- By Mrs. FEINSTEIN (for herself cent of poverty in November 1999, complished without substituting and Ms. SNOWE). SCHIP coverage for private insurance S. 575. A bill entitled the ‘‘Hospital Length which increased the number of eligible of Stay Act of 2001’’, to the Committee on children by 129,000. or other public health insurance that Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions. Basic benefits in the California parents might already have. The cur- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, SCHIP program include inpatient and rent SCHIP law requires that State today, Senator OLYMPIA SNOWE and I outpatient hospital services, surgical plans include adequate provisions pre- are introducing a bill to guarantee that and medical services, lab and x-ray venting substitution and my bill re- the decision of how long a patient services, and well-baby and well-child tains that. For example, many States stays in the hospital is left to the at- care, including immunizations. Addi- require that an enrollee be uninsured tending physician. Our legislation tional services which States are en- before he or she is eligible for the pro- would require health insurance plans couraged to provide, and which Cali- gram. This bill does not change that to cover the length of hospital stay for fornia has elected to include, are pre- requirement. any procedure or illness as determined scription drugs and mental health, vi- This bill is important for several rea- by the physician to be medically appro- sion, hearing, dental, and preventive sons. More than 75 percent of uninsured priate, in consultation with the pa- care services such as prenatal care and children live with parents who are un- tient. routine physical examinations. insured. Many experts say that by cov- The bill is endorsed by the American In California, enrollees pay a $5.00 co- ering parents of uninsured children we Medical Association, the American payment per visit which generally ap- can actually cover more children. College of Surgeons, the American Col- plies to inpatient services, selected If an entire family is enrolled in a lege of Obstetricians and Gyne- outpatient services, and various other plan and seeing the same doctors, in cologists, and the American Psycho- health care services. other words, if the care is convenient logical Association. The United States faces a serious for the whole family, all the members We are introducing this bill because health care crisis that continues to of the family are more likely to be in- many people, patients and physicians, grow as more and more people go with- sured and to stay healthy. This is a key have told us that HMOs set limits on out insurance. The U.S. has seen an in- reason for this legislation, bringing in hospital stays that are shorter than crease in the uninsured by nearly five more children by targeting the whole what the attending physicians believe million since 1994. family. are medically necessary. In my view, Currently, 42 million people, or 17 Private health insurance in the com- only the physician who is taking care percent, of the non- elderly population mercial market can be very expensive. of the patient understands the pa- in the country are uninsured. In Cali- The average annual cost of family cov- tient’s full medical history and the pa- fornia, 22 percent, or 6.8 million, of the erage in private health plans is around tient’s medical condition and needs. nonelderly are uninsured. $6,000. California has some of the low- Every patient’s condition and course of A study cited in the May 2000 Cali- est-priced health insurance, yet the illness varies. Patients respond dif- fornia Journal found that as many as State ranks fourth in uninsured. ferently to treatments. Complications 2,333 Californians lose health insurance In California, high housing costs, arise. The doctor should decide when every day. A May 29, 2000 San Jose high gas and electricity prices, expen- patients are medically ready to be dis- Mercury article cited California’s sive commutes, and a high cost-of-liv- charged, not an insurance plan. emergency room doctors who ‘‘esti- ing make it difficult for many Cali- The American Medical Association mate that anywhere from 20 percent to fornia families to buy health insur- has developed patient-based discharge 40 percent of their walk-in patients ance. Over eight in ten of uninsured criteria which say: ‘‘Patients should have no health coverage.’’ Californians are working, but they do not be discharged from the hospital Among the 1.85 million uninsured not earn enough to buy private insur- when their disease or symptoms cannot children in California, nearly two- ance. SCHIP is a practical and attrac- be adequately treated or monitored in thirds or 1.3 million are eligible for tive alternative. the discharge setting.’’ Medicaid or SCHIP, called Healthy Many low-income people work for A number of physicians have shared Families in the state, according to the employers who do not offer health in- with me their great frustration with University of California at Los Ange- surance. In fact, forty percent of Cali- the health care climate, in which they les. fornia small businesses, those employ- feel they spend too much of time try- Last year, we passed legislation ena- ing between three and 50 employees, do ing to get permission and justify their bling California to keep approximately not offer health insurance, according decisions on medical necessity to in- $350 million of the $600 million unspent to a Kaiser Family Foundation study surance companies. SCHIP funds. My state and others were in June 2000. Californians in 1999 were A California pediatrician told me of a at risk of losing funds because the law 6.6 percentage points less likely to re- child with very bad asthma. The insur- required states to use all their funds in ceive health insurance through em- ance plan authorized 3 days in the hos- three years and time was running out ployers than the average American, pital; the doctor wanted 4–5 days. He on the 1998 funds. Since my state and 62.8 percent versus 69.4 percent, accord- told me about a baby with infant botu- others still have these funds, as well as ing to UCLA experts. lism (poisoning), a baby with a toxin funds allotted in fiscal years 1999, 2000 We need to give hard-working, lower that had spread from the intestine to and 2001, enrolling parents and more income American families affordable, the nervous system so that the child children could be a good way to in- comprehensive health insurance, and could not breathe. The doctor thought crease enrollment. this bill does that. a 10–14 day hospital stay was medically The bill we are introducing today The California Medical Association necessary for the baby; the insurance would gives States the option to ex- and Alliance of Catholic Health Care plan insisted on one week.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4021 A California neurologist told my April 24, 1997. ACS wrote, ‘‘We believe It applies to private insurance plans, staff about a seven-year-old girl with very strongly that any health care sys- Medicare, Medicaid, Medigap, federal an ear infection and a fever who went tem or plan that removes the surgeon employees’ plans, Children’s Health In- to the doctor. When her illness devel- and the patient from the medical deci- surance Plan, the Indian Health Serv- oped into pneumonia, she was admitted sion making process only undermines ice. to the hospital. After two days she was the quality of that patient’s care and sent home, but she then returned to his or her health and well being.’’ By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: S. 576. A bill to require health insur- the hospital three times because her The American Medical Association ance coverage for certain reconstruc- insurance plan only covered a certain wrote, ‘‘We are gratified that this bill tive surgery; to the Committee on number of days. The third time she re- would promote the fundamental con- Health, Education, Labor, and Pen- turned she had meningitis, which can cept, which the AMA has always en- sions. be life threatening. The doctor said dorsed, that medical decisions should Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, that if this girl had stayed in the hos- be made by patients and their physi- today, I am introducing a bill to re- pital the first time for five to seven cians, rather than by insurers or legis- quire health insurance plans to cover days, the antibiotics would have killed lators. . . We appreciate your initiative medically necessary reconstructive the infection and the meningitis would and ongoing efforts to protect patients surgery for congenital defects, develop- never have developed. by ensuring that physicians may iden- mental abnormalities, trauma, infec- Another California physician told my tify medically appropriate lengths of tion, tumors, or disease. office about a patient who needed total stay, unfettered by third party pay- This bill is modeled on a California hip replacement because her hip had ers.’’ law and responds to reports that insur- failed. The doctor believed a seven-day The American Psychological Associa- ance plans are denying coverage for re- stay was warranted; the plan would tion wrote me, ‘‘We are pleased to sup- constructive surgery that doctors say only authorize five. port this legislation, which will require is medically necessary. Too many plans A Chico, California, maternity ward all health plans to follow the best judg- are too quick to label it ‘‘cosmetic sur- nurse put it this way: ‘‘People’s treat- ment of the patient and attending pro- gery.’’ The American Medical News has ment depends on the type of insurance vider when determining length of stay called the HMOs stance, ‘‘a classic they have rather than what’s best for for inpatient treatment.’’ health plan word game. . . .’’ them.’’ A Laguna Niguel, California Americans are disenchanted with the Dr. Henry Kawamoto, testifying be- woman, Gwen Placko, wrote this to health insurance system in this coun- fore the California Assembly Com- me: ‘‘. . . doctors have become mere try, as HMO hassles never seem to end mittee on Insurance stated: employees of for-profit insurance com- and physicians are effectively over- It used to be that if you were born with panies. They are no longer captains of ruled by insurance companies. Doctors something deforming, or were in an accident their own ‘ships’ so to speak. . . Only and patients feel that patient care is and had bad scars, the surgery performed to doctors should be the ones to make de- compromised in a climate in which fix the problem was considered reconstruc- cisions for the direct treatment and anonymous insurance clerks interfere tive surgery. Now, insurers of many kinds are calling it cosmetic surgery and refusing benefit of their patients.’’ with medical decision-making. to pay for it. Physicians say they have to wage a This bill is one step toward returning Many doctors have told me that be- battle with insurance companies to medical decision-making to those med- fore the heavy penetration of managed give patients the hospital care they ical professionals trained to make med- care, repairing a person’s abnormali- need and to justify their decisions ical decisions. ties was considered reconstructive sur- about patient care. To summarize, the Hospital Length gery and insurance companies reim- A study by the American Academy of of Stay Act of 2001: bursed for the medical, hospital, and Neurology found that the Milliman and Requires plans to cover hospital surgical costs. But today, many insur- Robertson guidelines used by many in- lengths of stay for all illnesses and ance companies and managed care or- surance companies on length of stay conditions as determined by the physi- ganizations will not pay for reconstruc- are ‘‘extraordinarily short in compari- cian, in consultation with the patient, tion of many deformities because they son to a large National Library of Med- to be medically appropriate; deem them to be ‘‘cosmetic’’ and not a icine database . .. And that [the guide- Prohibits plans from requiring pro- ‘‘functional’’ repair. lines] do not relate to anything resem- viders (physicians) to obtain a plan’s This bill is endorsed by the March of bling the average hospital patient or prior authorization for a hospital Dimes, Easter Seals, the American attending physician. . . .’’ The neurolo- length of stay; Academy of Pediatrics, the National gists found that these guidelines were Prohibits plans from denying eligi- Organization for Rare Disorders, the ‘‘statistically developed’’ and not sci- bility or renewal for the purpose of American College of Surgeons, the entifically sound or clinically relevant. avoiding these requirements; American Society of Plastic and Re- The arbitrary limits HMOs and insur- Prohibits plans from penalizing or constructive Surgeons, the American ance plans have set are resulting in un- otherwise reducing or limiting reim- Association of Pediatric Plastic Sur- intended consequences. Some 7 in 10 bursement of the attending physician geons and the American Society of physicians said that in dealing with because the physician provided care in Maxillofacial Surgeons. managed care plans, they have exag- accordance with the requirements of The children who face refusals to pay gerated the severity of a patient’s con- the bill; and for surgery are the true evidence that dition to ‘‘prevent him or her from Prohibits plans from providing mone- this bill is needed. Here are some of the being sent home from a hospital pre- tary or other incentives to induce a examples that were brought to the maturely.’’ physician to provide care inconsistent California legislature: The American College of Surgeons with these requirements. Hanna Gremp, a 6-year old from Cali- said it all when this prestigious organi- It includes language clarifying that: fornia, was born with a congenital zation wrote: ‘‘We believe very strong- nothing in the bill requires individuals birth defect, called bilateral microtia, ly that any health care system or plan to stay in the hospital for a fixed pe- the absence of an inner ear. Once the that removes the surgeon and the pa- riod of time for any procedure; plans first stage of the surgery was complete, tient from the medical decision-mak- may require copayments but copay- the Gremp’s HMO denied the next sur- ing process only undermines the qual- ments for a hospital stay determined gery for Hanna. They called the other ity of that patient’s care and his or her by the physician cannot exceed copay- surgeries ‘‘cosmetic’’ and not medi- health and well being. . . . specifically, ments for any preceding portion of the cally necessary. single numbers [of days] cannot and stay. Michael Hatfield, a 19-year old from should not be used to represent a It does not pre-empt state laws that Texas, has gone through similar strug- length of stay for a given procedure’’, provide greater protection. gles. He was born with a congenital

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 birth defect that is known as a midline that most health care dollars that peo- cent, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, facial cleft. The self-insured plan his ple and employers pay into a managed Southern California, to a high of 22.1 parents had only paid for a small por- care health insurance plan get spent on percent, OMNI Healthcare, Inc. tion of the surgery which recon- health care and not on overhead. If HMOs are to be credible, they must structed his nose. The HMO also re- Under my bill, managed care plans be more prudent in how they spend en- fused to pay any part of the surgery would be limited to spending 15 percent rollees’ dollars. Administrative ex- that reconstructed his cheekbones and of their premium revenues on adminis- penses must be limited to reasonable eye sockets. The HMO considered some tration. This means that if they spend expenses. of these surgeries to be ‘‘cosmetic.’’ 15 percent on administration, they An October 1999 report by Interstudy Cigna Health Care denied coverage could spend 85 percent of premiums found that for private HMO plans, ad- for surgery to construct an ear for a revenues on health care benefits or ministrative expenses range from 11 little California girl born without one services. percent to 21 percent and that for-prof- and only after adverse press coverage This bill was prompted by a study by it HMOs spend proportionately more on reversed its position saying that, ‘‘It the Inspector General (IG) for the U.S. administrative cost than not-for-profit was determined that studies have Department of Health and Human HMOs. This study found the lowest rate shown some functional improvement Services reported under a USA Today to be 3.6 percent and the highest 38 per- following surgery.’’ headline in February, ‘‘Medicare HMOs cent in California! In some states the Qual-Med, another California HMO, Hit for Lavish Spending.’’ The IG re- maximums were even higher. initially denied coverage for recon- viewed 232 managed care plans that The shift from fee-for-service to man- structive surgery for a little boy who contract with Medicare and found that aged care as a form of health insurance also had microtia, authorizing it only in 1999 the average amount allocated has been rapid in recent years. Nation- after many appeals and two years for administration ranged from a high ally, 86 percent of people who have em- delay. of 32 percent to a low of three percent. ployment-based health insurance (81.3 The bill uses medically-recognized The IG recommended that the Depart- million Americans) are in some form of terms to distinguish between medically ment establish a ceiling on the amount managed care. Around 16 percent of necessary surgery and cosmetic sur- of administrative expenditures of Medicare beneficiaries are in managed gery. It defines medically necessary re- plans, noting that if a 15 percent ceil- care nationally (40 percent in Cali- constructive surgery as surgery ‘‘per- ing had been in place in 1998, an addi- fornia), a figure that doubled between formed to correct or repair abnormal tional $1 billion could have been passed 1994 and 1997. By 2010, the Congres- structures of the body caused by con- on to Medicare beneficiaries in the sional Budget Office predicts that 31 genital defects, developmental abnor- form of additional benefits or reduce percent of Medicare beneficiaries will malities, trauma, infection, tumors, or deductibles and copayments. be in managed care. Between 1987 and disease to (1) improve functions; or (2) The report said, ‘‘This review, simi- 1999, the number of health plans con- give the patient a normal appearance, lar OIG reviews, and other studies have tracting with Medicare went from 161 to the extent possible, in the judgment shown that MCOs’ [managed care orga- to 299. As for Medicaid, in 1993, 4.8 mil- of the physician performing the sur- nizations’] exorbitant administrative lion people (14 percent of Medicaid gery.’’ The bill specifically excludes costs have been problematic and can be beneficiaries) were in managed care. cosmetic surgery, defined as ‘‘surgery the source for abusive behavior.’’ Here Today, 17.8 million (55.6 percent) are in that is performed to alter or reshape are some examples cited by the Inspec- managed care, according to the Kaiser normal structures of the body in order tor General on page 7 of the January Family Foundation. In California, 52 to improve appearance.’’ 18, 2000 report: $249,283 for food, gifts percent or 2.6 million out of 5 million Examples of conditions for which sur- and alcoholic beverages for meetings Medicaid beneficiaries are in managed gery might be medically necessary are by one plan; $190,417 for a sales award care. the following: cleft lips and palates, meeting in Puerto Rico for one plan; In California, the state which pio- burns, skull deformities, benign tu- $157,688 for a party by one plan; $25,057 neered managed care for the nation, an mors, vascular lesions, missing pec- for a luxury box at a sports arena by estimated 88 percent of the insured are toral muscles that cause chest deformi- one plan; $106,490 for sporting events in some form of managed care. Of the ties, Crouson’s syndrome (failure of the and/or theater tickets at four plans; 3.7 million Californians who are in mid-face to develop normally), and in- $69,700 for holiday parties at three Medicare, 40 percent, 1.4 million, are in juries from accidents. plans; $37,303 for wine gift baskets, managed care, the highest rate in the This bill is an effort to address the flowers, gifts and gift certificates at U.S. As for Medicaid in California, 2.5 arbitrariness of insurance plans that one plan. million people, 50 percent, of bene- create hassles and question physicians’ It is no wonder that people today are ficiaries are in managed care. judgments when people try to get cov- angry at HMOs. When our hard-earned And so managed care is growing and erage under the plan they pay pre- premium dollars are frittered away on most people think it is here to stay. miums for every month. purchases like these, we have to ask I am pleased to say that in California We need our body parts to function whether HMOs are really providing the we already have a regulation along the and, fortunately, modern medicine best care possible. Furthermore, in the lines of the bill I am proposing. We today can often make that happen. We case of Medicare, we are also talking have in place a regulatory limit of 15 can restore, repair, and make whole about wasted taxpayer dollars since percent on commercial HMO plans’ ad- parts which by fate, accident, genes, or Part B of Medicare is funded in part by ministrative expenses. This was estab- whatever, do not perform as they the general treasury. One dollar wasted lished in my state for commercial should. I hope this bill can make that in Medicare is one dollar too much. plans because of questionable expenses happen. Medicare needs all the funds it can like those the HHS IG found in Medi- muster to stay solvent and to be there care HMO plans and because prior to By Mrs. FEINSTEIN: for beneficiaries when they need it. the regulation, some plans had admin- S. 577. A bill to limit the administra- I was also encouraged to introduce istrative expense as high as 30 percent tive expenses and profits of managed the bill because of annual studies pre- of premium revenues. care entities to not more than 15 per- pared by the California Medical Asso- This bill will never begin to address cent of premium revenues; to the Com- ciation, CMA, called the ‘‘Knox-Keene all the problems patients experience mittee on Health, Education, Labor, Health Plan Expenditures Summary.’’ with managed care in this country. and Pensions. The March 2001 CMA report covering That is why we also need a strong Pa- Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, Fiscal Years 1999 to 2000 found a range tients Bill of Rights Bill. I hope, how- today, I am introducing the Health of administrative expenditures from ever, this bill will discourage abuses Benefits Integrity Act to make sure plans in my state from a low of 2.7 per- like those the HHS Inspector General

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4023 found and will help assure people that ment of nonprofit entities for the De- tions, corporations and other American their health care dollars are spent on partment of State’s international edu- businesses engaged overseas the oppor- health care and are not wasted on out- cational, cultural, and arts programs; tunity to publicly support cross-cul- ings, parties, and other activities to- to the Committee on Foreign Rela- tural understanding in countries where tally unrelated to providing health tions. they do business. care services. Mr. BIDEN. Mr. President, today I The non-profit entity would work I call on my colleagues to join me in am reintroducing legislation to author- with the Bureau of Educational and enacting this bill. ize the establishment of nonprofit enti- Cultural Affairs as well as the Under ties to provide grants and other assist- Secretary for Public Diplomacy at the By Mr. DORGAN: ance for international educational, cul- Department of State. S. 578. A bill to prohibit the Sec- tural and arts programs through the I understand that the House Inter- retary of Transportation from amend- Department of State. This is an initia- national Relations Committee is plan- ing or otherwise modifying the oper- tive that was developed last year in ning to consider a version of this bill ating certificates of major air carriers discussions with officials of the Depart- later this week. I look forward to in connection with a merger or acquisi- ment of State. I am pleased to be working with my colleagues in the tion for a period of 2 years, and for Senate on this legislation in the com- joined by Representative JIM LEACH of other purposes; to the Committee on the other body, who is introducing the ing weeks. I ask unanimous consent that the Commerce, Science, and Transpor- same bill today. text of the bill be printed in the tation. We are in an era in which cultural Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I am RECORD. issues are increasingly central to inter- There being no objection, the bill was very concerned about the current state national issues and diplomacy. Trade of affairs in our nation’s airline indus- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as disputes, ethnic and regional conflicts, follows: try. The way airlines have remade and issues such as biotechnology all themselves since deregulation is very S. 579 have cultural and intellectual Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- troubling to me and should be very underpinnings. troubling to most of the traveling pub- resentatives of the United States of America in Cultural programs are increasingly Congress assembled, lic in this country. necessary to promoting international Since deregulation we have seen an SECTION 1. FINDINGS. understanding and achieving U.S. na- The Congress makes the following findings: unprecedented number of mergers in tional objectives. American multi- (1) It is in the national interest of the the airline industry. What used to be 11 national companies and other Ameri- United States to promote mutual under- airlines is now 7, and now with United cans doing business overseas welcome standing between the people of the United wanting to buy US Airways, and Amer- opportunities to support the unique States and other nations. ican wanting to buy TWA out of bank- (2) Among the means to be used in achiev- cultures of nations in which they do ruptcy, there is a very high risk that ing this objective are a wide range of inter- business, as well as telling the story of we will quickly be reduced to three national educational and cultural exchange America’s diversity in other countries. mega-carriers in this country. I am programs, including the J. William Ful- One way they could do this is by bright Educational Exchange Program and afraid of what this will mean to com- helping to sponsor cultural exchange the International Visitors Program. petition which is already almost non- programs arranged through the Depart- (3) Cultural diplomacy, especially the pres- existent in so many parts of the coun- ment of State. Department officials entation abroad of the finest of the creative, try. tells us, however, that there is appar- visual, and performing arts of the United That is because the major carriers States, is an especially effective means of ently no easy way to do that. More- have spent the last 20 years retreating advancing the United States national inter- over, many people in our own govern- into regional hubs, such as Min- est. ment are uncertain whether they neapolis, Denver, and Atlanta, where (4) The financial support available for should engage in presenting the cre- one airline will control 50 percent, 70 international cultural and scholarly ex- ative, intellectual and cultural side of changes has declined by approximately 10 percent, 80 percent of the hub traffic. our nation. percent in recent years. The result has been that a dominant Under this legislation Congress (5) There has been a dramatic decline in airline controlling the hub traffic sets would authorize the Secretary of State the amount of funds available for the pur- its own prices, and it is the people in pose of ensuring that the excellence, diver- to provide for the establishment of pri- sparsely populated areas in the country sity, and vitality of the arts in the United vate nonprofit organizations to assist that end up paying for it with out- States are presented to foreign audiences by in supporting international cultural rageously high prices. and in cooperation with United States diplo- These proposed mergers fly directly programs, making it both easy and at- matic and consular representatives. in the face of public interest and ought tractive for private organizations to (6) One of the ways to deepen and expand cultural and educational exchange programs not to be allowed. We need more than support cultural programs in coopera- tion with the Department of State. In is through the establishment of nonprofit en- three airlines. Increased consolidation tities to encourage the participation and fi- would be moving in the wrong direc- so doing, we would affirm support for the promotion and presentation of the nancial support of multinational companies tion. We need more competition, not and other private sector contributors. more concentration. nation’s intellectual and creative best (7) The United States private sector should That is why I am introducing legisla- as part of American diplomacy. be encouraged to cooperate closely with the tion today to place a moratorium on This initiative would support a broad Secretary of State and the Secretary’s rep- airline mergers above a certain size for range of cultural exchange programs. resentatives to expand and spread apprecia- Its priority would be to support the or- tion of United States cultural and artistic a couple years so we can take a breath accomplishments. and evaluate what kind of air transpor- ganization and promotion of major, high-profile presentations of art exhi- SEC. 2. AUTHORITY TO ESTABLISH NONPROFIT tation system we want in this country. ENTITIES. I hope my colleagues will join me in bitions, musical and theatrical per- Section 105(f) of the Mutual Educational expressing loudly that we must avoid formances which represent the finest and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. having this country go to three major quality of creativity our nation pro- 2455(f)) is further amended— airline carriers. It would be a step duces. These should be presentations (1) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ after ‘‘(f)’’; and backward, not forward. that reach large numbers of people, (2) by adding at the end the following new which contribute to achieving our na- paragraphs: By Mr. BIDEN: tional interests and which represent ‘‘(2) The Secretary of State is authorized to provide for the establishment of private, S. 579. A bill to amend the Mutual the diversity of American culture. nonprofit entities to assist in carrying out Educational and Cultural Exchange The bill would provide authority to the purposes of the Act. Any such entity Act of 1961 to authorize the Secretary solicit support for specific cultural en- shall not be considered an agency or instru- of State to provide for the establish- deavors, offering individuals, founda- mentality of the United States Government,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00060 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4024 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 nor shall its employees be considered em- vated the nation’s call to arms will be ‘‘(B) such reasonable construction permit ployees of the United States Government for honored. requirements as may be required by the Sec- any purposes. Symbolic of the defining event of the retary of the Interior, acting through the ‘‘(3) The entities may, among other func- 20th century in American history, the National Park Service. tions— memorial will be a monument to the ‘‘(3) The decision to construct the World ‘‘(A) encourage United States multi- War II memorial at the dedicated Rainbow national companies and other elements of spirit, sacrifice, and commitment of Pool site, and the decisions regarding the de- the private sector to participate in, and sup- the American people, to the common sign for the World War II memorial, are final port, cultural, arts, and educational ex- defense of the nation and to the broad- and conclusive and shall not be subject to change programs, including those programs er causes of peace and freedom from further administrative or judicial review.’’. that will enhance international appreciation tyranny throughout the world. It will of the cultural and artistic accomplishments inspire future generations of Ameri- By Mr. FITZGERALD (for him- of the United States; cans, deepening their appreciation of self and Mrs. CLINTON): ‘‘(B) solicit and receive contributions from what the World War II generation ac- S. 581. A bill to amend title 10, the private sector to support these cultural United States Code, to authorize Army arts and educational exchange programs; and complished in securing freedom and de- ‘‘(C) provide grants and other assistance mocracy. Above all, the memorial will arsenals to undertake to fulfill orders for these programs. stand for all time as an important sym- or contracts for articles or services in ‘‘(4) The Secretary of State is authorized bol of American national unity, a time- advance of the receipt of payment to make such arrangements as are necessary less reminder of the moral strength under certain circumstances; to the to carry out the purposes of these entities, Committee on Armed Services. including— and awesome power that can flow when a free people are at once united and Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. President, I ‘‘(A) the solicitation and receipt of funds rise today to introduce S. 581, a bill for the entity; bonded together in a common and just ‘‘(B) designation of a program in recogni- cause. that will help United States Army ar- tion of such contributions; and Construction of this memorial is long senals remain competitive and produc- ‘‘(C) designation of members, including overdue. Opponents have had ample op- tive in the 21st century. The Army ar- employees of the United States Government, portunity to make their case, and senals have long been an important on any board or other body established to ad- while I respect their opinions, the sim- military resource. They have not only minister the entity. ple truth is that the site has been se- served as a cost-effective supplier of ‘‘(5) Any funds available to the Department high-quality military equipment, they of State may be made available to such enti- lected and the time to begin to move ties to cover administrative and other costs dirt has arrived. I hope all of my col- have also proven to be an invaluable for their establishment. Any such entity is leagues will join me in sponsoring this supplier of last resort, providing mis- authorized to invest any amount provided to resolution. Let us, as a nation, prevent sion-critical parts when private con- it by the Department of State, and such the cheapening of this tribute by put- tractors have lacked the capacity to amount, as well as any interest or earnings ting a stop to frivolous legal chal- meet emergency needs or have on such amount, may be used by the entity lenges. Let us say thanks to those who breached their contracts with the gov- to carry out its purposes.’’. fought to save the babes of humanity ernment. This bill will help ensure that By Mr. HUTCHINSON: from the wolves of tyranny. Let’s build these important facilities do not fall S. 580. A bill to expedite the con- the World War II memorial, let’s build into disuse during the periods between struction of the World War II memorial it upon the National Mall, and let’s national emergencies and heightened in the District of Columbia; to the build it now. military needs. Committee on Governmental Affairs. I ask unanimous consent that the Rock Island Arsenal, in my home Mr. HUTCHINSON. Mr. President, I text of the bill be printed in the state of Illinois, was acquired by the rise today to introduce legislation that RECORD. United States in 1804. Located on an is- would expedite construction of the There being no objection, the bill was land in the Mississippi River, the area World War II Memorial. Some of our ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as was converted to its current function, colleagues may not be aware that even follows: and named Rock Island Arsenal, in after having had the opportunity to S. 580 1862. Since then, Rock Island Arsenal argue their case before the twenty-two Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- has built weapons and military equip- public hearings over the last five years resentatives of the United States of America in ment for all of our nation’s wars, devel- regarding the site and design of the Congress assembled, oping a specialty in the manufacture of SECTION 1. EXPEDITED COMMENCEMENT BY howitzers. memorial, opponents have now turned AMERICAN BATTLE MONUMENTS to the courts to overturn the Memo- COMMISSION OF CONSTRUCTION OF Today, Rock Island Arsenal is the rial’s approval. WORLD WAR II MEMORIAL. Department of Defense’s only general- Regrettably, it is now clear that leg- Section 2113 of title 36, United States Code, purpose metal-manufacturing facility, islation will be needed if the World War as added by section 601(a) of the Veterans performing forging, sheet metal, and II Memorial is to be constructed before Millennium Health Care and Benefits Act welding and heat-treating operations all the patriots who fought in defense (Public Law 106–117; 113 Stat. 1576), is amend- that cover the entire range of techno- ed by adding at the end the following new of liberty have passed on. The ugly subsection: logically feasible processes. Rock Is- truth is that every day we lose more ‘‘(i) CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTION TO COM- land Arsenal also contains a machine than a thousand members of our great- MENCE CONSTRUCTION.—(1) Subject to para- shop that is capable of such specialized est generation. How many more will be graph (2), the Commission shall expedi- operations as gear cutting, die sinking, deprived of the joy of seeing this richly tiously proceed with the construction of the and tool making; a paint shop certified deserved tribute to their heroic service World War II memorial at the dedicated to apply Chemical Agent Resistant completed? Rainbow Pool site in the District of Colum- Coatings to items as large as tanks; According to the American Battle bia without regard to the National Environ- and a plating shop that can apply mental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et Monuments Commission, the World seq.), the Commemorative Works Act (40 chrome, nickel, cadmium, and copper, War II Memorial will be the first na- U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), or any other law per- and can galvanize, parkerize, anodize, tional memorial dedicated to all who taining to the siting or design for the World and apply oxide finishes. served in the armed forces and Mer- War II memorial. These capabilities have proven essen- chant Marine of the United States dur- ‘‘(2) The construction of the World War II tial to the functioning of the United ing World War II and acknowledging memorial by the Commission shall be con- States military. In recent years, Rock the commitment and achievement of sistent with— Island Arsenal has been called on to ‘‘(A) the final architectural submission the entire nation. All military veterans made to the Commission of Fine Arts and produce M16 gun bolts when a private of the war, the citizens of the home the National Capital Planning Commission contractor defaulted on a contract. It front, the nation at large, and the high on June 30, 2000, as supplemented on Novem- has also produced mission-critical pins moral purpose and idealism that moti- ber 2, 2000; and and shims for Apache helicopters when

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4025 outside suppliers have proven unre- Therefore, in the interest of encour- love of country, Americans who would sponsive to the Army’s needs. aging optimal utilization of an invalu- speak the language of the heart do so S. 581 will help guarantee that United able national resource, and to help in- with a rose. States arsenals will be there again tegrate the Army arsenals into the pri- We see evidence of this everywhere. when the military needs them in an vate-competition system of the Work- The study of fossils reveals that the emergency, by helping to ensure that ing Capital Fund, I today introduce s. rose has existed in America for ages. arsenals have an adequate workload in 581. We have always cultivated roses in our normal times. During the 1990s, the De- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- gardens. Our first President, George partment of Defense shifted away from sent that the text of the bill be printed Washington bred roses and a variety he direct funding of arsenals to the Work- in the RECORD. named after his mother is still grown ing Capital Fund, ‘‘W.C.F.’’, system, There being no objection, the bill was today. The White House itself boasts of under which private companies com- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as a beautiful Rose Garden. We find roses pete with the arsenals for government follows: in our art, music, and literature. We service and production contracts. This S. 581 decorate our celebrations and parades system has improved the efficiency of Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- with roses. Most of all, we present the military by promoting cost trans- resentatives of the United States of America in roses to those we love, and we lavish parency and discouraging the over- Congress assembled, them on our altars, our civil shrines, consumption of arsenal goods and serv- SECTION 1. PERFORMANCE OF ORDERS FOR AR- and the final resting places of our hon- ices. TICLES OR SERVICES BY ARMY AR- ored dead. In 1986, in recognition of the Unfortunately, implementation of SENALS BEFORE RECEIPT OF PAY- MENT. high esteem roses are held, President the W.C.F. system has also produced (a) AUTHORITY.—(1) Chapter 433 of title 10, Ronald Reagan and the Congress of the some unintended consequences. As ar- United States Code, is amended by inserting United States proclaimed the rose as senals have been placed in competition after section 4541 the following new section: the National Floral Emblem of the with private firms, they have remained ‘‘§ 4541a. Army arsenals: performance before United States of America. tied down by government rules that receipt of payment This proclamation was as a result of place the arsenals at a competitive dis- ‘‘(a) AUTHORITY.—Regulations under sec- the handiwork and dedication of the advantage—and that hamper their ef- tion 2208(h) of this title shall authorize the American Rose Society. The American forts to secure a full workload. One of Army arsenals to undertake, with working- Rose Society is the premier organiza- these rules is the requirement that ar- capital funds, to fulfill orders or contracts of tion dedicated exclusively to the cul- senals be paid in advance for all serv- customers referred to in subsection (b) for tivation of roses. Since 1892, the Amer- ices and products that they provide. articles or services in advance of the receipt of payment for the articles or services. ican Rose Society has strived to en- Private firms are not required to oper- ‘‘(b) TRANSACTIONS TO WHICH APPLICABLE.— hance the enjoyment and promotion of ate under such conditions, they rou- The authority provided in subsection (a) ap- roses to gardeners of all skill levels. In tinely receive payment only once they plies with respect to an order or contract for 2001, the American Rose Society, in have delivered on their contract. As a articles or services that is placed or entered conjunction with the 37 member coun- result, a military department seeking into, respectively, with an arsenal by a cus- tries that make up the World Federa- goods or services, or a private con- tomer that— tion of Rose Societies, the National tractor seeking help in supplying the ‘‘(1) is— Council of State Garden Clubs, and the government—is discouraged from con- ‘‘(A) a department or agency of the United States; American Nursery and Landscape Asso- tracting with an arsenal. Even when an ‘‘(B) a person using the articles or services ciation began waging a campaign to arsenal can provide higher quality or in fulfillment of a contract of a department honor our national floral emblem, the at lower cost, the requirement of up- or agency of the United States; or Rose. front payment may prove burdensome ‘‘(C) a person supplying the articles or In an effort to increase support for enough to convince purchasers to meet services to a foreign government under sec- public rose gardens in the United their needs elsewhere. tions 22, 23, and 24 of the Arms Export Con- States; recognize the beauty and inspi- The legislation that I introduce trol Act (22 U.S.C. 2762, 2763, 2764); and ration roses add to the environment today will place United States Army ‘‘(2) is eligible under any other provision of and landscapes of cities, and commu- law to obtain the articles or services from arsenals on a more equal footing with the arsenal.’’. nities around the country; to introduce their private competitors. It will limit (2) The table of sections at the beginning of the therapeutic benefits of roses to the advance-payment requirement to such chapter is amended by inserting after people of all ages and background; to only those circumstances where pay- the item relating to section 4541 the fol- provide educational programs designed ment is less than certain, and will oth- lowing new item: to stimulate and teach about the joys erwise allow arsenals to accept pay- ‘‘4541a. Army arsenals: performance before of gardening, especially rose gardening; ment after performance. Specifically, receipt of payment.’’. and to teach the great history and di- arsenals will be allowed to accept later (b) REGULATIONS.—The Secretary of De- versity the genus offers, the American payment when the United States pur- fense shall prescribe the regulations to carry Rose Society, whose national head- chases directly from an arsenal, when out section 4541a of title 10, United States Code (as added by subsection (a)), not later quarters is located in Shreveport, Lou- an arsenal supplies a contractor serv- than 60 days after the date of the enactment isiana, is requesting a joint congres- ing the United States, or when pay- of this Act. sional resolution proclaiming the year ment for foreign military purchases is 2002 as the Year of the Rose. guaranteed by the United States. In By Ms. LANDRIEU: The American people have long held these cases, an advance-payment re- S.J. Res. 8. A joint resolution desig- a special place in their hearts for roses. quirement is unnecessary—it serves nating 2002 as the ‘‘Year of the Rose’’; Let us continue to cherish them, honor only to put the arsenals at a competi- to the Committee on the Judiciary. the love and devotion they represent tive disadvantage. Application of the Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, I rise and to bestow them upon all we love requirement in these circumstances today to bring to the attention of the just as God has bestowed them on us. should be ended. Senate, the continuing beauty and ap- I ask unanimous that the text of this S. 581 will help ensure that Army ar- peal that flowers bring to our nation. resolution be printed in the RECORD. senals will be able to secure an ade- Americans have always loved the flow- There being no objection, the joint quate workload in periods between sup- ers which God has chosen to decorate resolution was ordered to be printed in ply emergencies. This bill will also our land. In particular, we hold the the RECORD, as follows: serve taxpayers’ money by encouraging rose dear as symbols of life, love, devo- S.J. RES. 8 efficient use of reserve resources, tion, beauty, and eternity. For the love Whereas the study of fossils has shown which must be maintained regardless of man and woman, for the love of that the rose has been a native wild flower in of whether or not they are fully in use. mankind and God as well as for the the United States for over 35,000,000 years;

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4026 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Whereas the rose is grown today in every will be forced either to limit their serv- In addition to reducing maternal and State; ices or to simply close their doors to infant mortality rates, family planning Whereas the rose has long represented women across the world. And this will helps prevent the spread of sexually love, friendship, beauty, peace, and the devo- cause women and families increased transmitted diseases. This effort is par- tion of the American people to their country; Whereas the rose has been cultivated and misery and death. ticularly critical considering that the grown in gardens for over 5,000 years and is Make no mistake, the international World Health Organization has esti- referred to in both the Old and New Testa- gag rule will restrict family planning, mated that 5.9 million individuals, the ments; not abortions. In fact, no United States majority of whom live in developing Whereas the rose has for many years been funds can be used for abortion services. nations, become infected with HIV al- the favorite flower of the American people, That is already law, and has been since most every year. has captivated the affection of humankind, 1973. This gag rule does, however, re- Let me be clear: We are not asking to and has been revered and renowned in art, strict foreign organizations in ways use one single taxpayer dollar to per- music, and literature; that would be unconstitutional here at form or promote abortion overseas. Whereas our first President was also our first rose breeder, 1 of his varieties being home and that is why we seek to re- The law has explicitly prohibited such named after his mother and still being grown verse it in an expedited fashion under activities since 1973. Instead, the Mex- today; and the CRA. ico City Policy would restrict foreign Whereas in 1986 the rose was designated Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- organizations in a way that would be and adopted as the national floral emblem of sent that a copy of the joint resolution unconstitutional in the United States. the United States: Now, therefore, be it be printed in the RECORD. The Mexico City Policy violates a fun- Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- There being no objection, the resolu- damental tenet of our democracy— resentatives of the United States of America in tion was ordered to be printed in the Congress assembled, That Congress— freedom of speech. Exporting a policy (1) designates the year of 2002 as the ‘‘Year RECORD, as follows: that is unconstitutional at home is the of the Rose’’; and S.J. RES. 9 ultimate act of hypocrisy. Surely this (2) requests the President to issue a procla- Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep- is not the message we want to send to mation calling on the people of the United resentatives of the United States of America in struggling democracies who are look- States to observe the year with appropriate Congress assembled, That Congress dis- ing to the United States for guidance. ceremonies and activities. approves the rule submitted by the United When President Bush reinstated the States Agency for International Develop- Mexico City Policy, he turned the By Mrs. BOXER (for herself, Mr. ment relating to the restoration of the Mex- clock back on women around the world REID, Ms. SNOWE, Mr. JEF- ico City Policy (contained in Contract Infor- by almost two decades. Today, Senator FORDS, Ms. COLLINS, Mr. SPEC- mation Bulletin 01–03, dated February 15, 2001), and such rule shall have no force or ef- BOXER and I are looking toward the fu- TER, and Mr. CHAFEE): S.J. Res. 9. A joint resolution pro- fect. ture and taking the first step to repeal viding for congressional disapproval of Mr. REID. Mr. President, I am this antiquated, anti-woman policy. the rule submitted by the United pleased to join Senator BOXER in sub- f mitting a joint resolution of congres- States Agency for International Devel- AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED & sional disapproval relating to the res- opment relating to the restoration of PROPOSED the Mexico City Policy; to the Com- toration of the Mexico City Policy. We are taking this step because the SA 115. Mr. DOMENICI (for himself Mr. mittee on Foreign Relations. DEWINE, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. ENSIGN, Mrs. FEIN- Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, on Feb- global gag rule—which denies funding to any organization that uses its own STEIN, Ms. COLLINS and Mr. MCCONNELL) pro- ruary 15, the United States Agency for posed an amendment to the bill S. 27, to International Development issued Con- funds to provide or promote abortion amend the Federal Election Campaign Act of tract Information Bulletin 01–03 re- services overseas—is an ill-conceived, 1971 to provide bipartisan campaign reform. garding the ‘‘Restoration of the Mexico anti-woman, and anti-American policy. SA 116. Mr. THOMPSON submitted an City Policy.’’ The President’s rationale for reim- amendment intended to be proposed by him This bulletin reinstates the inter- posing the gag rule was that he wanted to the bill S. 27, supra; which was ordered to lie on the table. national gag rule, which prohibits to make abortions more rare. Yet the last time the Mexico City Policy was in SA 117. Mr. BENNETT proposed an amend- international family planning organi- ment to the bill S. 27, supra. zations that receive federal funding effect, there was no reduction in the SA 118. Mr. SMITH, of Oregon proposed an from using their own privately-raised number of abortions, only reduced ac- amendment to the bill S. 27, supra. funds to counsel women about abor- cess to quality health care services, SA 119. Mr. ALLARD submitted an amend- tion, provide abortion services, and more unintended pregnancies and more ment intended to be proposed by him to the bill S. 27, supra; which was ordered to lie on lobby on reproductive rights. abortions. Research shows that the only way to reduce the need for abor- the table. Today, I am introducing, along with SA 120. Mr. ALLARD submitted an amend- Senators REID, SNOWE, JEFFORDS, COL- tion is to improve family planning ef- ment intended to be proposed by him to the LINS, SPECTER, and CHAFEE, a joint res- forts that will decrease the number of bill S. 27, supra; which was ordered to lie on olution of disapproval under the Con- unintended pregnancies. Access to con- the table. gressional Review Act. traception reduces the probability of SA 121. Mr. ALLARD submitted an amend- As my colleagues know, the CRA es- having an abortion by 85 percent. ment intended to be proposed by him to the tablishes a procedure for the expedited It the only reason to repeal the Mex- bill S. 27, supra; which was ordered to lie on ico City Policy was to decrease the the table. consideration of a resolution dis- SA 122. Mr. TORRICELLI (for himself, Mr. need for abortions then that would be approving an agency rule. DURBIN, Mr. CORZINE and Mr. DORGAN) pro- I can think of no other case where ex- enough. But our support of inter- posed an amendment to the bill S. 27, supra. national family planning programs lit- pedited procedures are more appro- f priate. Women’s lives are at stake. erally means the difference between Approximately 78,000 women life or death for women in developing TEXT OF AMENDMENTS throughout the world die each year as countries. At least one woman dies SA 115. Mr. DOMENICI (for himself, a result of unsafe abortions. At least every minute of every day from causes Mr. DEWINE, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. ENSIGN, one-fourth of all unsafe abortions in related to pregnancy and child birth in Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Ms. COLLINS, and Mr. the world are to girls aged 15–19. By developing nations. This means that al- MCCONNELL) proposed an amendment 2015, contraceptive needs in developing most 600,000 women die every year from to the bill S. 27, to amend the Federal countries will grow by more than 40 causes related to pregnancy. Family Election Campaign Act of 1971 to pro- percent. planning efforts that prevent unin- vide bipartisan campaign reform; as As a result of the gag rule, the orga- tended pregnancies save the lives of follows: nizations that are reducing unsafe thousands of women and infants each On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert abortions and providing contraceptives year. the following:

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SEC. 305. MODIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL CON- ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subparagraph (ii) makes or obligates to make an aggregate TRIBUTION LIMITS IN RESPONSE TO (B), a candidate and the candidate’s author- amount of expenditures from personal funds EXPENDITURES FROM PERSONAL ized committee shall not accept any con- in excess of 2 times the threshold amount in FUNDS. tribution under the increased limit under connection with any election, the candidate (a) INCREASED LIMITS FOR INDIVIDUALS.— paragraph (1)— shall file a notification with— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 315 of the Federal ‘‘(i) until the candidate has received notifi- ‘‘(I) the Commission; and Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a) cation of the opposition personal funds ‘‘(II) each candidate in the same election. is amended— amount under section 304(a)(6)(B); and ‘‘(iv) ADDITIONAL NOTIFICATION.—After a (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘No ‘‘(ii) to the extent that such contribution, candidate files an initial notification under person’’ and inserting ‘‘Except as provided in when added to the aggregate amount of con- clause (iii) the candidate shall file an addi- subsection (i), no person’’; and tributions previously accepted under the in- tional notification each time expenditures (B) by adding at the end the following: creased limits under this subsection for the from personal funds are made or obligated to ‘‘(i) INCREASED LIMIT TO ALLOW RESPONSE election cycle, exceeds 110 percent of the op- be made in an aggregate amount that exceed TO EXPENDITURES FROM PERSONAL FUNDS.— position personal funds amount. $10,000 amount with— ‘‘(1) INCREASE.— ‘‘(B) EFFECT OF WITHDRAWAL OF AN OPPOS- ‘‘(I) the Commission; and ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph ING CANDIDATE.—A candidate shall not accept ‘‘(II) each candidate in the same election. (2), if the opposition personal funds amount any contribution under the increased limit Such notification shall be filed not later with respect to a candidate for election to after the date on which an opposing can- than 24 hours after the expenditure is made. the office of Senator exceeds the threshold didate ceases to be a candidate to the extent ‘‘(v) CONTENTS.—A notification under amount, the limit under subsection (a)(1)(A) that the amount of such increased limit is clause (iii) or (iv) shall include— (in this subsection referred to as the ‘appli- attributable to such an opposing candidate. ‘‘(I) the name of the candidate and the of- cable limit’) with respect to that candidate ‘‘(3) DISPOSAL OF EXCESS CONTRIBUTIONS.— fice sought by the candidate; shall be the increased limit. ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The aggregate amount ‘‘(II) the date and amount of each expendi- ‘‘(B) THRESHOLD AMOUNT.— of contributions accepted by a candidate or a ture; and ‘‘(i) STATE-BY-STATE COMPETITIVE AND FAIR candidate’s authorized committee under the ‘‘(III) the total amount of expenditures CAMPAIGN FORMULA.—In this subsection, the increased limit under paragraph (1) and not from personal funds that the candidate has threshold amount with respect to an election otherwise expended in connection with the made, or obligated to make, with respect to cycle of a candidate described in subpara- election with respect to which such contribu- an election as of the date of the expenditure graph (A) is an amount equal to the sum of— tions relate shall, not later than 50 days that is the subject of the notification. ‘‘(I) $150,000; and after the date of such election, be used in the ‘‘(C) NOTIFICATION OF DISPOSAL OF EXCESS ‘‘(II) $0.04 multiplied by the voting age pop- manner described in subparagraph (B). CONTRIBUTIONS.—In the next regularly sched- ulation. ‘‘(B) A candidate or a candidate’s author- uled report after the date of the election for ‘‘(ii) VOTING AGE POPULATION.—In this sub- ized committee shall return the excess con- which a candidate seeks nomination for elec- paragraph, the term ‘voting age population’ tribution to the person who made the con- tion to, or election to, Federal office, the means in the case of a candidate for the of- tribution. candidate or the candidate’s authorized com- fice of Senator, the voting age population of ‘‘(C) LIMITATION ON REPAYMENT OF PER- mittee shall submit to the Commission a re- the State of the candidate (as certified under SONAL LOANS.—Any candidate who incurs port indicating the source and amount of section 315(e)). personal loans after the date of enactment of any excess contributions (as determined ‘‘(C) INCREASED LIMIT.—Except as provided the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2001 under paragraph (1) of section 315(i)) and the in clause (ii), for purposes of subparagraph in connection with the candidate’s campaign manner in which the candidate or the can- (A), if the opposition personal funds amount for election shall not repay (directly or indi- didate’s authorized committee used such is over— rectly), to the extent such loans exceed funds. ‘‘(D) ENFORCEMENT.—For provisions pro- ‘‘(i) 2 times the threshold amount, but not $250,000, such loans from any contributions viding for the enforcement of the reporting over 4 times that amount— made to such candidate or any authorized requirements under this paragraph, see sec- ‘‘(I) the increased limit shall be 3 times the committee of such candidate after the date tion 309.’’. applicable limit; and of such election.’’. (c) DEFINITIONS.—Section 301 of the Federal ‘‘(II) the limit under subsection (a)(3) shall (2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431) not apply with respect to any contribution made by subsection (a) shall apply with re- is amended by adding at the end the fol- made with respect to a candidate if such con- spect to loans made or incurred after the lowing: tribution is made under the increased limit date of enactment of this Act. ‘‘(20) ELECTION CYCLE.—The term ‘election of subparagraph (A) during a period in which (b) NOTIFICATION OF EXPENDITURES FROM cycle’ means the period beginning on the day the candidate may accept such a contribu- PERSONAL FUNDS.—Section 304(a)(6) of the after the date of the most recent election for tion; and Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 the specific office or seat that a candidate is ‘‘(ii) 4 times the threshold amount, but not U.S.C. 434(a)(6)) is amended— seeking and ending on the date of the next over 10 times that amount, the increased (1) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as election for that office or seat. For purposes limit shall be 6 times the applicable limit; subparagraph (E); and of the preceding sentence, a primary election and (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the and a general election shall be considered to ‘‘(iii) 10 times the threshold amount— following: be separate elections. ‘‘(I) the increased limit shall be 6 times the ‘‘(B) NOTIFICATION OF EXPENDITURE FROM ‘‘(21) PERSONAL FUNDS.—The term ‘personal applicable limit; PERSONAL FUNDS.— funds’ means an amount that is derived ‘‘(II) the limit under subsection (a)(3) shall ‘‘(i) DEFINITION OF EXPENDITURE FROM PER- from— not apply with respect to any contribution SONAL FUNDS.—In this subparagraph, the ‘‘(A) any asset that, under applicable State made with respect to a candidate if such con- term ‘expenditure from personal funds’ law, at the time the individual became a tribution is made under the increased limit means— candidate, the candidate had legal right of of subparagraph (A) during a period in which ‘‘(I) an expenditure made by a candidate access to or control over, and with respect to the candidate may accept such a contribu- using personal funds; and which the candidate had— tion; and ‘‘(II) a contribution or loan made by a can- ‘‘(i) legal and rightful title; or ‘‘(III) the limits under subsection (d) with didate using personal funds (or a loan se- ‘‘(ii) an equitable interest; respect to any expenditure by a State or na- cured using such funds) to the candidate’s ‘‘(B) income received during the current tional committee of a political party shall authorized committee. election cycle of the candidate, including— not apply. ‘‘(ii) DECLARATION OF INTENT.—Not later ‘‘(i) a salary and other earned income from ‘‘(D) OPPOSITION PERSONAL FUNDS than the date that is 15 days after the date bona fide employment; AMOUNT.—The opposition personal funds on which an individual becomes a candidate ‘‘(ii) dividends and proceeds from the sale amount is an amount equal to the excess (if for the office of Senator, the candidate shall of the candidate’s stocks or other invest- any) of— file a declaration stating the total amount of ments; ‘‘(i) the greatest aggregate amount of ex- expenditures from personal funds that the ‘‘(iii) bequests to the candidate; penditures from personal funds (as defined in candidate intends to make, or to obligate to ‘‘(iv) income from trusts established before section 304(a)(6)(B)) that an opposing can- make, with respect to the election will ex- the beginning of the election cycle; didate in the same election makes; over ceed the State-by-State competitive and fair ‘‘(v) income from trusts established by be- ‘‘(ii) the aggregate amount of expenditures campaign formula with— quest after the beginning of the election from personal funds made by the candidate ‘‘(I) the Commission; and cycle of which the candidate is the bene- with respect to the election. ‘‘(II) each candidate in the same election. ficiary; ‘‘(2) TIME TO ACCEPT CONTRIBUTIONS UNDER ‘‘(iii) INITIAL NOTIFICATION.—Not later than ‘‘(vi) gifts of a personal nature that had INCREASED LIMIT.— 24 hours after a candidate described in clause been customarily received by the candidate

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 prior to the beginning of the election cycle; and solicitation may only be paid from funds Strike all after the enacting clause and in- and that are subject to the limitations, prohibi- sert the following: ‘‘(vii) proceeds from lotteries and similar tions, and reporting requirements of this SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. legal games of chance; and Act’’. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as ‘‘(C) a portion of assets that are jointly SEC. 306. PROHIBITING CERTAIN POLITICAL the ‘‘Campaign Finance Integrity Act of owned by the candidate and the candidate’s COMMITTEES FROM USING SOFT 2001’’. MONEY TO RAISE HARD MONEY. spouse equal to the candidate’s share of the (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of con- asset under the instrument of conveyance or Section 323 of the Federal Election Cam- tents of this Act is as follows: paign Act of 1971, as added by section 101, is ownership, but if no specific share is indi- Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. cated by an instrument of conveyance or amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(f) OTHER POLITICAL COMMITTEES.—A po- TITLE I—CONTRIBUTIONS ownership, the value of 1⁄2 of the property.’’. litical committee described in section Sec. 101. Requirement for in-State and in- SA 116. Mr. THOMPSON submitted 301(4)(A) to which this section does not oth- district contributions to con- an amendment intended to be proposed erwise apply (including an entity that is di- gressional candidates. rectly or indirectly established, financed, Sec. 102. Use of contributions to pay cam- by him to the bill S. 27, to amend the maintained, or controlled by such a political Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 paign debt. committee) shall not solicit, receive, direct, Sec. 103. Modification of political party con- to provide bipartisan campaign reform; transfer, or spend funds that are not subject tribution limits to candidates which was ordered to lie on the table; to the limitations, prohibitions, and report- when candidates make expendi- as follows: ing requirements of this Act.’’. tures from personal funds. On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert Sec. 104. Modification of contribution lim- the following SA 118. Mr. SMITH of Oregon pro- its. posed an amendment to the bill S. 27, SEC. 305. MODIFICATION OF CONTRIBUTION LIM- TITLE II—DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS ITS. to amend the Federal Election Cam- Sec. 201. Disclosure of certain non-Federal (a) INCREASE IN INDIVIDUAL LIMITS.—Sec- paign Act of 1971 to provide bipartisan financial activities of national tion 315(a)(1) of the Federal Election Cam- campaign reform; as follows: political parties. paign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(1)) is On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert Sec. 202. Political activities of corporations amended— the following: and labor organizations. (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking SEC. 305. PROHIBITION ON ACCEPTANCE OF CER- ‘‘$1,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$3,000’’; TAIN CONTRIBUTIONS WHILE CON- TITLE III—REPORTING REQUIREMENTS (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking GRESS IS IN SESSION. Sec. 301. Time for candidates to file reports. ‘‘$20,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$60,000’’; and Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Sec. 302. Contributor information required (3) in subparagraph (C), by striking Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended for contributions in any ‘‘$5,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$15,000’’. by adding at the end the following: amount. (b) INCREASE IN AGGREGATE INDIVIDUAL ‘‘SEC. 324. PROHIBITION ON ACCEPTANCE OF Sec. 303. Prohibition of depositing contribu- LIMIT.—Section 315(a)(3) of the Federal Elec- CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS WHILE tions with incomplete contrib- tion Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. CONGRESS IS IN SESSION. utor information. 441a(a)(3)), as amended by section 102(b), is ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—During the period de- Sec. 304. Public access to reports. scribed in subsection (b), a candidate seeking amended by striking ‘‘$30,000’’ and inserting TITLE IV—USE OF GOVERNMENT nomination for election, or election, to the ‘‘$75,000’’. PROPERTY AND SERVICES (c) INCREASE IN MULTICANDIDATE LIMITS.— Senate or House of Representatives, any au- Sec. 401. Ban on mass mailings. Section 315(a)(2) of the Federal Election thorized committee of such a candidate, an Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(2)) is individual who holds such office, or any po- TITLE V—EFFECTIVE DATE amended— litical committee directly or indirectly es- Sec. 501. Effective date. tablished, financed, maintained, or con- (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking TITLE I—CONTRIBUTIONS ‘‘$5,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$15,000’’; trolled by such a candidate or individual (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking shall not accept a contribution from— SEC. 101. REQUIREMENT FOR IN-STATE AND IN- ‘‘(1) any individual who, at any time dur- DISTRICT CONTRIBUTIONS TO CON- ‘‘$15,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$45,000’’; and GRESSIONAL CANDIDATES. ing the period beginning on the first day of (3) in subparagraph (C), by striking (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 315 of the Federal the calendar year preceding the contribution ‘‘$5,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$15,000’’. Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a) NDEXING OF INCREASED LIMITS.— and ending on the date of the contribution, (d) I is amended— (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 315(c) of the Fed- was required to be listed as a lobbyist on a (1) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. registration or other report filed pursuant to and (h) as subsections (f), (g), (h), and (i), re- 441a(c)) is amended— the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. spectively; and (A) in the second sentence of paragraph (1), 1601 et seq.); (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the fol- by striking ‘‘subsection (b) and subsection ‘‘(2) an officer, owner, or senior executive lowing: (d)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsections (a), (b), and of any person that, at any time during the ‘‘(e) REQUIREMENT FOR IN-STATE AND IN- (d)’’; and period described in paragraph (1), employed DISTRICT CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL (B) in paragraph (2), by striking subpara- or retained an individual described in para- CANDIDATES.— graph (B) and inserting the following: graph (1), in their capacity as a lobbyist; ‘‘(1) DEFINITIONS.—In this subsection: ‘‘(B) the term ‘base period’ means— ‘‘(3) a political committee directly or indi- ‘‘(A) IN-STATE CONTRIBUTION.—The term rectly established, financed, maintained, or ‘‘(i) in the case of subsections (b) and (d), ‘in-State contribution’ means a contribution controlled by an individual described in calendar year 1974; and from an individual that is a legal resident of paragraph (1) or (2); or ‘‘(ii) in the case of subsection (a), calendar the candidate’s State. year 2001.’’. ‘‘(4) a separate segregated fund (described ‘‘(B) IN-DISTRICT CONTRIBUTION.—The term in section 316(b)(2)(C)). (2) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments ‘in-district contribution’ means a contribu- ‘‘(b) PERIOD CONGRESS IS IN SESSION.—The made by this subsection shall apply to cal- tion from an individual that is a legal resi- endar years after 2002. period described in this subsection is the pe- riod— dent of the candidate’s district. SA 117. Mr. BENNETT proposed an ‘‘(1) beginning on the first day of any ses- ‘‘(2) LIMIT.—A candidate for nomination to, or election to, the Senate or House of Rep- amendment to the bill S. 27, to amend sion of the body of Congress in which the in- dividual holds office or for which the can- resentatives and the candidate’s authorized the Federal Election Campaign Act of committee shall not accept an aggregate 1971 to provide bipartisan campaign re- didate seeks nomination for election or elec- tion; and amount of contributions of which the aggre- form; as follows: ‘‘(2) ending on the date on which such ses- gate amount of in-State contributions or in- On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert sion adjourns sine die.’’. district contributions, as appropriate, is less the following: than 50 percent of such total amount of con- SEC. 305. PROHIBITING SEPARATE SEGREGATED SA 119. Mr. ALLARD submitted an tributions accepted. FUNDS FROM USING SOFT MONEY amendment intended to be proposed by ‘‘(3) TIME FOR MEETING REQUIREMENT.—A TO RAISE HARD MONEY. him to the bill S. 27, to amend the Fed- candidate shall meet the requirement of Section 316(b)(2)(C) of the Federal Election paragraph (2) at the end of each reporting pe- Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b(b)(2)(C)) eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 to riod under section 304. is amended by inserting before the period at provide bipartisan campaign reform; ‘‘(4) PERSONAL FUNDS.—For purposes of this the end the following: ‘‘, except that the which was ordered to lie on the table; subsection, a contribution that is attrib- costs of such establishment, administration, as follows: utable to the personal funds of the candidate

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4029 or proceeds of indebtedness incurred by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 ‘‘(A) in the case of a national bank or cor- candidate or the candidate’s authorized com- U.S.C. 434(a)(6)) is amended— poration, collect from or assess its stock- mittee shall not be considered to be an in- (1) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as holders or employees any dues, initiation State contribution or in-district contribu- subparagraph (C); and fee, or other payment as a condition of em- tion.’’. (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the ployment or membership if any part of the (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 315 following: dues, fee, or payment will be used for a polit- of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 ‘‘(B)(i) The principal campaign committee ical activity in which the national bank or (2 U.S.C. 441a) is amended— of a candidate for nomination to, or election corporation is engaged; and (1) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by striking ‘‘(e)’’ to, the Senate or House of Representatives ‘‘(B) in the case of a labor organization, and inserting ‘‘(f)’’; shall notify the Commission of the aggregate collect from or assess its members or non- (2) in subsection (d)(2), by striking ‘‘(e)’’ amount expenditures made using personal members any dues, initiation fee, or other and inserting ‘‘(f)’’; and funds of the candidate or proceeds of indebt- payment if any part of the dues, fee, or pay- (3) in subsection (d)(3)(A)(i), by striking edness incurred by the candidate (including ment will be used for a political activity. ‘‘(e)’’ and inserting ‘‘(f)’’. contributions by the candidate to the can- ‘‘(2) EFFECT OF AUTHORIZATION.—An author- SEC. 102. USE OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAY CAM- didate’s authorized committee) in excess of ization described in paragraph (1) shall re- PAIGN DEBT. an amount equal to 2 times the limit under main in effect until revoked and may be re- Section 315 of the Federal Election Cam- section 301(a)(1)(A). voked at any time. paign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a), as amended ‘‘(ii) The notification under clause (i) ‘‘(3) DEFINITION OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY.—In by section 101, is amended by adding at the shall— this subsection, the term ‘political activity’ end the following: ‘‘(I) be submitted to the Commission not includes a communication or other activity ‘‘(j) LIMIT ON USE OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAY later than 24 hours after the expenditure that involves carrying on propaganda, at- CAMPAIGN DEBT.— that is the subject of the notification is tempting to influence legislation, or partici- ‘‘(1) TIME TO ACCEPT CONTRIBUTIONS.—Be- made; pating or intervening in a political party or ginning on the date that is 90 days after the ‘‘(II) include the name of the candidate, political campaign for a Federal office. date of a general or special election, a can- the office sought by the candidate, and the ‘‘(d) DISCLOSURE OF DISBURSEMENTS FOR didate for election to the Senate or House of date and amount of the expenditure; and POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.— Representatives and the candidate’s author- ‘‘(III) include the aggregate amount of ex- ‘‘(1) CORPORATIONS AND NATIONAL BANKS.—A ized committee shall not accept a contribu- penditures from personal funds that have corporation or national bank described in tion that is to be used to pay a debt, loan, or been made with respect to that election as of this section shall submit an annual written other cost associated with the election cycle the date of the expenditure that is the sub- report to shareholders stating the amount of of such election. ject of the notification.’’. each disbursement made for a political activ- ‘‘(2) PERSONAL OBLIGATION.—A debt, loan, SEC. 104. MODIFICATION OF CONTRIBUTION LIM- ity or that otherwise influences a Federal or other cost associated with an election ITS. election. cycle that is not paid in full on the date that Section 315 of the Federal Election Cam- ‘‘(2) LABOR ORGANIZATIONS.—A labor orga- is 90 days after the date of the general or paign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a) is amended— nization described in this section shall sub- special election shall be assumed as a per- (1) in subsection (a)— mit an annual written report to dues paying sonal obligation by the candidate. (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking members and nonmembers stating the ‘‘(3) DEFINITION OF ELECTION CYCLE.—In this ‘‘$1,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$2,500’’; and amount of each disbursement made for a po- subsection, the term ‘election cycle’ means (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ‘‘$5,000’’ litical activity or that otherwise influences the period beginning on the day after the and inserting ‘‘$2,500’’; and a Federal election, including contributions date of the most recent general election for (2) in subsection (c)— and expenditures.’’. the specific office or seat that a candidate is (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘sub- (b) DISCLOSURE TO THE COMMISSION OF CER- seeking and ending on the date of the next section (b) and subsection (d)’’ and inserting TAIN PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES BY LABOR OR- general election for that office or seat.’’. ‘‘paragraphs (1)(A) and (2)(A) of subsection GANIZATIONS AND CORPORATIONS.—Section 304 SEC. 103. MODIFICATION OF POLITICAL PARTY (a) and subsections (b) and (d)’’; and of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 CONTRIBUTION LIMITS TO CAN- (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ‘‘means (2 U.S.C. 434) is amended by adding at the DIDATES WHEN CANDIDATES MAKE the calendar year 1974.’’ and inserting EXPENDITURES FROM PERSONAL end the following: FUNDS. ‘‘means— ‘‘(e) REQUIRED STATEMENT OF CORPORA- (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 315 of the Federal ‘‘(i) for purposes of subsections (b) and (d), TIONS AND LABOR ORGANIZATIONS.—Each cor- Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a), calendar year 1974; and poration, national bank, or labor organiza- as amended by section 102, is amended by ‘‘(ii) for purposes of paragraphs (1)(A) and tion that makes an aggregate amount of dis- adding at the end the following: (2)(A) of subsection (a), calendar year 2002.’’. bursements during a year in an amount ‘‘(k) CONTRIBUTION LIMITS FOR POLITICAL TITLE II—DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS equal to or greater than $1,000 for any activ- PARTY COMMITTEES IN RESPONSE TO CAN- SEC. 201. DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN NON-FED- ity described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) DIDATE EXPENDITURES OF PERSONAL FUNDS.— ERAL FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF NA- of section 316(a)(2) shall submit a statement ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In the case of a general TIONAL POLITICAL PARTIES. to the Commission (not later than 24 hours election for the Senate or House of Rep- Section 304(b)(4) of the Federal Election after making the payment) describing the resentatives, a political party committee Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(4)) is amount spent and the activity involved.’’. may make contributions to a candidate amended— TITLE III—REPORTING REQUIREMENTS without regard to any limitation under sub- (1) in subparagraph (H)(v), by striking sections (a) and (d) until such time as the ag- ‘‘and’’ at the end; SEC. 301. TIME FOR CANDIDATES TO FILE RE- gregate amount of contributions is equal to (2) in subparagraph (I), by inserting ‘‘and’’ PORTS. or greater than the applicable limit. after the semicolon; and (a) MONTHLY REPORTS; 24-Hour Reports.— ‘‘(2) APPLICABLE LIMIT.—The applicable (3) by adding at the end the following: Section 304(a)(2)(A) of the Federal Election limit under paragraph (1), with respect to a ‘‘(J) for a national political committee of a Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(a)(2)(A)) is candidate, shall be the greatest aggregate political party, disbursements made by the amended— amount of expenditures that an opponent of committee in an aggregate amount greater (1) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the the candidate in the same election and the than $1,000, during a calendar year, in con- end; and opponent’s authorized committee make nection with a political activity (as defined (2) by striking clause (iii) and inserting the using the personal funds of the opponent or in section 316(c)(3));’’. following: proceeds of indebtedness incurred by the op- SEC. 202. POLITICAL ACTIVITIES OF CORPORA- ‘‘(iii) additional monthly reports, which ponent (including contributions by the oppo- TIONS AND LABOR ORGANIZATIONS. shall be filed not later than the 20th day nent to the opponent’s authorized com- (a) DISCLOSURE TO EMPLOYEES AND SHARE- after the last day of the month and shall be mittee) in excess of 2 times the limit under HOLDERS REGARDING POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.— complete as of the last day of the month, ex- subsection (a)(1)(A) with respect to a general Section 316 of the Federal Election Cam- cept that monthly reports shall not be re- election. paign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b) is amended quired under this clause in November and ‘‘(3) DEFINITION OF POLITICAL PARTY COM- by adding at the end the following: December and a year end report shall be filed MITTEE.—In this subsection, the term ‘polit- ‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION REQUIRED FOR POLIT- not later than January 31 of the following ical party committee’ means a political com- ICAL ACTIVITY.— calendar year; and mittee that is a national, State, district, or ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except with the sepa- ‘‘(iv) 24-hour reports, beginning on the day local committee of a political party (includ- rate, written, voluntary authorization of that is 15 days preceding an election, that ing any subordinate committee).’’. each individual, a national bank, corporation shall be filed no later than the end of each (b) NOTIFICATION OF EXPENDITURES FROM or labor organization described in this sec- 24-hour period; and’’. PERSONAL FUNDS.—Section 304(a)(6) of the tion shall not— (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—

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(1) SECTION 304.—Section 304(a) of the Fed- ‘‘(A) A Member of, or Member-elect to, ‘‘(1) CORPORATIONS AND NATIONAL BANKS.—A eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. Congress may not mail any mass mailing as corporation or national bank described in 434(a)) is amended— franked mail.’’. this section shall submit an annual written (A) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii), by striking (b) TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMEND- report to shareholders stating the amount of ‘‘quarterly reports’’ and inserting ‘‘monthly MENTS.— each disbursement made for a political activ- reports’’; and (1) Section 3210 of title 39, United States ity or that otherwise influences a Federal (B) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘quarterly Code, is amended— election. report under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or para- (A) in subsection (a)— ‘‘(2) LABOR ORGANIZATIONS.—A labor orga- graph (4)(A)(i)’’ and inserting ‘‘monthly re- (i) in paragraph (3)— nization described in this section shall sub- port under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or paragraph (I) in subparagraph (G), by striking ‘‘, in- mit an annual written report to dues paying (4)(A)’’. cluding general mass mailings,’’; members and nonmembers stating the (2) SECTION 309.—Section 309(b) of the Fed- (II) in subparagraph (I), by striking ‘‘or amount of each disbursement made for a po- eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. other general mass mailing’’; and litical activity or that otherwise influences 437g(b)) is amended by striking ‘‘calendar (III) in subparagraph (J), by striking ‘‘or a Federal election, including contributions quarter’’ and inserting ‘‘month’’. other general mass mailing’’; and and expenditures. SEC. 302. CONTRIBUTOR INFORMATION RE- (ii) in paragraph (6)— ‘‘(3) DEFINITION OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY.—In QUIRED FOR CONTRIBUTIONS IN (I) by striking subparagraphs (B), (C), and this subsection, the term ‘political activity’ ANY AMOUNT. (F); includes a communication or other activity (a) SECTION 302.—Section 302 of the Federal (II) by striking the second sentence of sub- that involves carrying on propaganda, at- Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 432) paragraph (D); and tempting to influence legislation, or partici- is amended— (III) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) pating or intervening in a political party or (1) in subsection (b)— and (E) as subparagraphs (B) and (C), respec- political campaign for a Federal office.’’. tively; and (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘, and if (b) DISCLOSURE TO THE COMMISSION OF CER- (iii) by striking paragraph (7); the amount’’ and all that follows through TAIN PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES BY LABOR OR- (B) in subsection (c), by striking ‘‘sub- the period and inserting: ‘‘and the following GANIZATIONS AND CORPORATIONS.—Section 304 information with respect to the contribu- section (a) (4) and (5)’’ and inserting ‘‘para- of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 tion: graphs (4), (5), and (6) of subsection (a)’’; (2 U.S.C. 434), as amended by sections 103 and ‘‘(A) The identification of the contributor. (C) by striking subsection (f); and 201, is amended by adding at the end the fol- ‘‘(B) The date of the receipt of the con- (D) by redesignating subsection (g) as sub- lowing: tribution.’’; and section (f). (B) in paragraph (2)— (2) Section 316 of the Legislative Branch ‘‘(f) REQUIRED STATEMENT OF CORPORATIONS (i) in subsection (A), by striking ‘‘such con- Appropriations Act, 1990 (39 U.S.C. 3210 note) AND LABOR ORGANIZATIONS.—Each corpora- tribution’’ and inserting ‘‘the contribution is amended by striking subsection (a). tion, national bank, or labor organization and the identification of the contributor’’; (3) Section 311 of the Legislative Branch that makes an aggregate amount of disburse- and Appropriations Act, 1991 (2 U.S.C. 59e) is ments during a year in an amount equal to (ii) in subsection (B), by striking ‘‘such amended by striking subsection (f). or greater than $1,000 for any activity de- contribution’’ and all that follows through (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments scribed in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of the period and inserting ‘‘, no later than 10 made by this section shall take effect at the section 316(a)(2) shall submit a statement to days after receiving the contribution, the beginning of the first Congress that begins the Commission (not later than 24 hours contribution and the following information after December 31, 2002. after making the payment) describing the with respect to the contribution: TITLE V—EFFECTIVE DATE amount spent and the activity involved.’’. ‘‘(i) The identification of the contributor. SEC. 501. EFFECTIVE DATE. ‘‘(ii) The date of the receipt of the con- Except as otherwise provided in this Act, SA 121. Mr. ALLARD submitted an tribution.’’; this Act and the amendments made by this (2) in subsection (c)— amendment intended to be proposed by Act shall take effect 30 days after the date of him to the bill S.27, to amend the Fed- (A) by striking paragraph (2); enactment of this Act. (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘or con- eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 to tributions aggregating more than $200 during SA 120. Mr. ALLARD submitted an provide bipartisan campaign reform; any calendar year’’; and amendment intended to be proposed by which was ordered to lie on the table; (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), and him to the bill S. 27, to amend the Fed- as follows: (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respec- tively; and eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 to On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert (3) in subsection (h)(2), by striking ‘‘(c)(5)’’ provide bipartisan campaign reform; the following: which was ordered to lie on the table; and inserting ‘‘(c)(4)’’. SEC. 305. TIME FOR CANDIDATES TO FILE RE- (b) SECTION 304.—Section 304(b)(3)(A) of the as follows: PORTS. Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert (a) MONTHLY REPORTS; 24-HOUR REPORTS.— U.S.C. 434(b)(3)(A)) is amended by striking the following: ‘‘whose contribution’’ and all that follows Section 304(a)(2)(A) of the Federal Election SEC. 305. DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN NON-FED- Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(a)(2)(A)) is through ‘‘so elect,’’. ERAL FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES OF NA- TIONAL POLITICAL PARTIES. amended— SEC. 303. PROHIBITION OF DEPOSITING CON- (1) in clause (ii), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the TRIBUTIONS WITH INCOMPLETE Section 304(b)(4) of the Federal Election CONTRIBUTOR INFORMATION. Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(b)(4)) is end; and Section 302 of Federal Election Campaign amended— (2) by striking clause (iii) and inserting the Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 432) is amended by add- (1) in subparagraph (H)(v), by striking following: ing at the end the following: ‘‘and’’ at the end; ‘‘(iii) additional monthly reports, which shall be filed not later than the 20th day ‘‘(j) DEPOSIT OF CONTRIBUTIONS.—The treas- (2) in subparagraph (I), by inserting ‘‘and’’ urer of a candidate’s authorized committee after the semicolon; and after the last day of the month and shall be shall not deposit or otherwise negotiate a (3) by adding at the end the following: complete as of the last day of the month, ex- contribution unless the information required ‘‘(J) for a national political committee of a cept that monthly reports shall not be re- by this section is complete.’’. political party, disbursements made by the quired under this clause in November and December and a year end report shall be filed SEC. 304. PUBLIC ACCESS TO REPORTS. committee in an aggregate amount greater than $1,000, during a calendar year, in con- not later than January 31 of the following Section 304(a)(11)(B) of the Federal Elec- calendar year; and tion Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. nection with a political activity (as defined in section 316(d));’’. ‘‘(iv) 24-hour reports, beginning on the day 434(a)(11)(B)) is amended by inserting ‘‘and that is 15 days preceding an election, that publicly available at the offices of the Com- SEC. 306. POLITICAL ACTIVITIES OF CORPORA- TIONS AND LABOR ORGANIZATIONS. shall be filed no later than the end of each mission’’ after ‘‘Internet’’. 24-hour period; and’’. (a) DISCLOSURE TO EMPLOYEES AND SHARE- TITLE IV—USE OF GOVERNMENT HOLDERS REGARDING POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.— (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— PROPERTY AND SERVICES Section 316 of the Federal Election Cam- (1) SECTION 304.—Section 304(a) of the Fed- SEC. 401. BAN ON MASS MAILINGS. paign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b), as amended eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 3210(a)(6) of title by section 203, is amended by adding at the 434(a)) is amended— 39, United States Code, is amended by strik- end the following: (A) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii), by striking ing subparagraph (A) and inserting the fol- ‘‘(d) DISCLOSURE OF DISBURSEMENTS FOR ‘‘quarterly reports’’ and inserting ‘‘monthly lowing: POLITICAL ACTIVITIES.— reports’’; and

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4031 (B) in paragraph (8), by striking ‘‘quarterly (1) by striking ‘‘(b) The charges’’ and in- U.S.C. 315(f)), as redesignated by subsection report under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or para- serting the following: (c)(1) of this section, is amended by inserting graph (4)(A)(i)’’ and inserting ‘‘monthly re- ‘‘(b) CHARGES.— ‘‘, a television broadcast station, and a pro- port under paragraph (2)(A)(iii) or paragraph ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in vider of cable or satellite television service’’ (4)(A)’’. paragraph (2), the charges’’; before the semicolon. (2) SECTION 309.—Section 309(b) of the Fed- (2) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) (f) STYLISTIC AMENDMENTS.—Section 315 of eral Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. as subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; such Act (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— 437g(b)) is amended by striking ‘‘calendar and (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘IN GEN- quarter’’ and inserting ‘‘month’’. (3) by adding at the end the following: ERAL.—’’ before ‘‘If any’’; SEC. 306. CONTRIBUTOR INFORMATION RE- ‘‘(2) TELEVISION.—The charges made for the (2) in subsection (f), as redesignated by QUIRED FOR CONTRIBUTIONS IN use of any television broadcast station, or a subsection (c)(1) of this section, by inserting ANY AMOUNT. provider of cable or satellite television serv- ‘‘DEFINITIONS.—’’ before ‘‘For purposes’’; and (a) SECTION 302.—Section 302 of the Federal ice, by any person who is a legally qualified (3) in subsection (g), as so redesignated, by Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 432) candidate for any public office in connection inserting ‘‘REGULATIONS.—’’ before ‘‘The is amended— with the campaign of such candidate for Commission’’. (1) in subsection (b)— nomination for election, or election, to such f (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘, and if office shall not exceed the lowest charge of the amount’’ and all that follows through the station (at any time during the 365-day NOTICE OF HEARING the period and inserting: ‘‘and the following period preceding the date of the use) for the COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL information with respect to the contribu- same amount of time for the same period.’’. RESOURCES tion: (b) RATE AVAILABLE FOR NATIONAL PAR- ‘‘(A) The identification of the contributor. Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I TIES.—Section 315(b)(2) of such Act (47 U.S.C. would like to announce for the infor- ‘‘(B) The date of the receipt of the con- 315(b)(2)), as added by subsection (a), is tribution.’’; and amended by inserting ‘‘, or by a national mation of the Senate and the public (B) in paragraph (2)— committee of a political party on behalf of that a hearing has been scheduled be- (i) in subsection (A), by striking ‘‘such con- such candidate in connection with such cam- fore the Committee on Energy and Nat- tribution’’ and inserting ‘‘the contribution paign,’’ after ‘‘such office’’. ural Resources. and the identification of the contributor’’; (c) PREEMPTION.—Section 315 of such Act The hearing will take place on Tues- and (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— day, March 27, 2001 at 9:30 a.m. in room (ii) in subsection (B), by striking ‘‘such (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) SD–106 of the Dirksen Senate Office contribution’’ and all that follows through as subsections (f) and (g), respectively; and the period and inserting ‘‘, no later than 10 Building in Washington, D.C. (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the fol- The purpose of this hearing is to con- days after receiving the contribution, the lowing new subsection: contribution and the following information ‘‘(d) PREEMPTION.— sider national energy policy with re- with respect to the contribution: ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in spect to impediments to development ‘‘(i) The identification of the contributor. paragraph (2), a licensee shall not preempt of domestic oil and natural gas re- ‘‘(ii) The date of the receipt of the con- the use of a television broadcast station, or sources. tribution.’’; a provider of cable or satellite television Because of the limited time available (2) in subsection (c)— service, by an eligible candidate or political for the hearing, witnesses may testify (A) by striking paragraph (2); committee of a political party who has pur- (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘or con- by invitation only. However, those chased and paid for such use pursuant to sub- wishing to submit written testimony tributions aggregating more than $200 during section (b)(2). for the hearing record should send two any calendar year’’; and ‘‘(2) CIRCUMSTANCES BEYOND CONTROL OF LI- (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), and CENSEE.—If a program to be broadcast by a copies of their testimony to the Com- (5) as paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respec- television broadcast station, or a provider of mittee on Energy and Natural Re- tively; and cable or satellite television service, is pre- sources, United States Senate, SRC–2 (3) in subsection (h)(2), by striking ‘‘(c)(5)’’ empted because of circumstances beyond the Russell Senate Office Building, Wash- and inserting ‘‘(c)(4)’’. control of the station, any candidate or ington, D.C. 20510–6150. (b) SECTION 304.—Section 304(b)(3)(A) of the party advertising spot scheduled to be broad- For further information, please call Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 cast during that program may also be pre- U.S.C. 434(b)(3)(A)) is amended by striking Trici Heninger or Bryan Hannegan at empted.’’. (202) 224–7932. ‘‘whose contribution’’ and all that follows (d) RANDOM AUDITS.—Section 315 of such through ‘‘so elect,’’. Act (47 U.S.C. 315), as amended by subsection f SEC. 307. PROHIBITION OF DEPOSITING CON- (d), is amended by inserting after subsection AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO TRIBUTIONS WITH INCOMPLETE (d) the following new subsection: CONTRIBUTOR INFORMATION. MEET Section 302 of Federal Election Campaign ‘‘(e) RANDOM AUDITS.— COMMITTEE ON FINANCE Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 432) is amended by add- ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—During the 45-day period ing at the end the following: preceding a primary election and the 60-day Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I ‘‘(j) DEPOSIT OF CONTRIBUTIONS.—The treas- period preceding a general election, the Com- ask unanimous consent that the Com- urer of a candidate’s authorized committee mission shall conduct random audits of des- mittee on Finance be authorized to shall not deposit or otherwise negotiate a ignated market areas to ensure that each meet during the session of the Senate contribution unless the information required television broadcast station, and provider of cable or satellite television service, in those on Tuesday, March 20, 2001 to hear tes- by this section is complete.’’. timony on the Jordan Free Trade SEC. 308. PUBLIC ACCESS TO REPORTS. markets is allocating television broadcast Section 304(a)(11)(B) of the Federal Elec- advertising time in accordance with this sec- Agreement. tion Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. tion and section 312. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 434(a)(11)(B)) is amended by inserting ‘‘and ‘‘(2) MARKETS.—The random audits con- objection, it is so ordered. publicly available at the offices of the Com- ducted under paragraph (1) shall cover the SUBCOMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS following markets: mission’’ after ‘‘Internet’’. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I ‘‘(A) At least 6 of the top 50 largest des- ask unanimous consent that the Com- SA 122. Mr. TORRICELLI (for him- ignated market areas (as defined in section mittee on Foreign Relations be author- self, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. CORZINE, and Mr. 122(j)(2)(C) of title 17, United States Code). ized to meet during the session of the DORGAN) proposed an amendment to ‘‘(B) At least 3 of the 51-100 largest des- the bill S. 27, to amend the Federal ignated market areas (as so defined). Senate on Tuesday, March 20, 2001 at ‘‘(C) At least 3 of the 101-150 largest des- Election Campaign Act of 1971 to pro- 10:30 a.m. to hold a hearing. ignated market areas (as so defined). The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without vide bipartisan campaign reform; as ‘‘(D) At least 3 of the 151-210 largest des- objection, it is so ordered. follows: ignated market areas (as so defined). SUBCOMMITTEE ON READINESS AND On page 37, between lines 14 and 15, insert ‘‘(3) BROADCAST STATIONS.—Each random MANAGEMENT SUPPORT the following: audit shall include each of the 3 largest tele- C SEC. 305. TELEVISION MEDIA RATES. vision broadcast networks, 1 independent Mr. M CONNELL. Mr. President, I (a) LOWEST UNIT CHARGE.—Subsection (b) network, and 1 cable network.’’. ask unanimous consent that the Sub- of section 315 of the Communications Act of (e) DEFINITION OF BROADCASTING STATION.— committee on Readiness and Manage- 1934 (47 U.S.C. 315) is amended— Subsection (f) of section 315 of such Act (47 ment Support of the Committee on

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:38 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00068 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\S20MR1.002 S20MR1 4032 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE March 20, 2001 Armed Services be authorized to meet spread and well-documented human rights the Senate’s action, and the Senate during the session of the Senate on abuses in China and Tibet; then return to legislative session. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 at 9:30 a.m., in Whereas the People’s Republic of China has The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without open session to receive testimony on yet to demonstrate its willingness to abide objection, it is so ordered. by internationally accepted norms of free- the readiness impact of range en- dom of belief, expression, and association by The nominations considered and con- croachment issues, including: endan- repealing or amending laws and decrees that firmed are as follows: gered species and critical habitats; restrict those freedoms; IN THE COAST GUARD sustainment of the maritime environ- Whereas the Government of the People’s The following named officer for appoint- ment; airspace management; urban Republic of China continues to ban and crim- ment as Commander, Atlantic Area, United sprawl; air pollution; unexploded ordi- inalize groups it labels as cults or heretical States Coast Guard, and to the grade indi- nance; and noise. organizations; cated under title 14, U.S.C., section 50: Whereas the Government of the People’s The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without To be vice admiral Republic of China has repressed unregistered objection, it is so ordered. religious congregations and spiritual move- Rear Adm. Thad W. Allen, 0000 f ments, including Falun Gong, and persists in The following named officer for appoint- persecuting persons on the basis of unau- ment in the United States Coast Guard to PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR thorized religious activities using such the grade indicated under title 14, U.S.C., Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I ask measures as harassment, prolonged deten- section 271: unanimous consent my law clerk, tion, physical abuse, incarceration, and clo- To be rear admiral (Lower Half) sure or destruction of places of worship; Susan Bruno, be granted floor privi- Capt. Harvey E. Johnson, Jr., 0000 Whereas authorities in the People’s Repub- leges during the pendency of the cam- Capt. Sally Brice-O’Hara, 0000 lic of China have continued their efforts to paign finance reform debate. extinguish expressions of protest or criti- NOMINATIONS PLACED ON THE SECRETARY’S The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cism, have detained scores of citizens associ- DESK objection, it is so ordered. ated with attempts to organize a peaceful op- IN THE COAST GUARD f position, to expose corruption, to preserve PN11 Coast Guard nominations (135) begin- their ethnic minority identity, or to use the CALLING UPON THE PEOPLE’S RE- ning Timothy Aguirre, and ending William J. Internet for the free exchange of ideas, and Ziegler, which nominations were received by PUBLIC OF CHINA TO END ITS have sentenced many citizens so detained to the Senate and appeared in the Congres- HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN harsh prison terms; sional Record of January 3, 2001. CHINA AND TIBET Whereas Chinese authorities continue to exert control over religious and cultural in- f Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask stitutions in Tibet, abusing human rights LEGISLATIVE SESSION unanimous consent that the Foreign through instances of torture, arbitrary ar- Relations Committee be discharged rest, and detention of Tibetans without pub- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- from further consideration of S. Res. lic trial for peacefully expressing their polit- ate will now return to legislative ses- 22, and the Senate then proceed to its ical or religious views; sion. immediate consideration. Whereas bilateral human rights dialogues f The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without between several nations and the People’s Re- objection, it is so ordered. public of China have yet to produce substan- ORDERS FOR WEDNESDAY, MARCH tial adherence to international norms; and The clerk will report the resolution Whereas the People’s Republic of China has 21, 2001 by title. signed the International Covenant on Civil Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask The senior assistant bill clerk read as and Political Rights, but has yet to take the unanimous consent that when the Sen- follows: steps necessary to make the treaty legally ate completes its business today, it ad- A resolution (S. Res. 22) urging the appro- binding: Now, therefore, be it journ until the hour of 9:30 a.m. on priate representative of the United States to Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that— Wednesday, March 21. I further ask the United Nations Commission on Human consent that on Wednesday, imme- Rights to introduce at the annual meeting of (1) at the 57th Session of the United Na- the Commission a resolution calling upon tions Human Rights Commission in Geneva, diately following the prayer, the Jour- the People’s Republic of China to end its Switzerland, the appropriate representative nal of proceedings be approved to date, human rights violations in China and Tibet, of the United States should solicit cospon- the morning hour be deemed expired, and for other purposes. sorship for a resolution calling upon the the time for the two leaders be re- Government of the People’s Republic of There being no objection, the Senate served for their use later in the day, China to end its human rights abuses in and the Senate then resume consider- proceeded to consider the resolution. China and Tibet, in compliance with its Mr. WARNER. I ask unanimous con- international obligations; and ation of the Torricelli amendment to sent that the resolution be agreed to, (2) the United States Government should the campaign finance bill. the preamble be agreed to, the motion take the lead in organizing multilateral sup- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without to reconsider be laid upon the table, port to obtain passage by the Commission of objection, it is so ordered. such resolution. and, finally, any statements relating to f the resolution be printed in the f RECORD. PROGRAM The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without EXECUTIVE SESSION Mr. WARNER. For the information of objection, it is so ordered. all Senators, the Senate will resume The resolution (S. Res. 22) was agreed consideration of the Torricelli broad- to. EXECUTIVE CALENDAR casting amendment beginning at 9:30 The preamble was agreed to. Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask a.m. tomorrow. Senators should expect The resolution, with its preamble, unanimous consent that the Senate im- a vote in relation to the amendment to reads as follows: mediately proceed to executive session occur at approximately 12:30 p.m. S. RES. 22 to consider the following nominations Amendments will continue to be of- Whereas the annual meeting of the United on the Executive Calendar: Nos. 19 and fered and voted on every 3 hours Nations Commission on Human Rights in Ge- 20, and all nominations on the Sec- throughout the day unless time is neva, Switzerland, provides a forum for dis- retary’s desk in the Coast Guard. I fur- yielded back on the amendments cussing human rights and expressing inter- ther ask unanimous consent that the f national support for improved human rights nominations be confirmed, the motion performance; to reconsider be laid upon the table, ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 9:30 A.M. Whereas, according to the Department of TOMORROW State and international human rights orga- any statements relating to the nomina- nizations, the Government of the People’s tions be printed in the RECORD, the Mr. WARNER. If there is no further Republic of China continues to commit wide- President be immediately notified of business to come before the Senate, I

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:15 May 15, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00069 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 C:\1999-2001-BOUND-RECORD-REDACTION-FILES\BR2001\MAR\S20MR1.REC S20MR mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 4033 now ask unanimous consent that the CONFIRMATIONS THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE UNITED STATES COAST GUARD TO THE GRADE IN- Senate stand in adjournment under the Executive nominations confirmed by DICATED UNDER TITLE 14, U.S.C., SECTION 271: previous order. the Senate March 20, 2001: To be rear admiral (lower half) There being no objection, the Senate, IN THE COAST GUARD CAPT. HARVEY E. JOHNSON JR., 0000 CAPT. SALLY BRICE-O’HARA, 0000 at 6:48 p.m., adjourned until Wednes- THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT AS COMMANDER, ATLANTIC AREA, UNITED STATES IN THE COAST GUARD day, March 21, 2001, at 9:30 a.m. COAST GUARD, AND TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER COAST GUARD NOMINATIONS BEGINNING TIMOTHY TITLE 14, U.S.C., SECTION 50: AGUIRRE, AND ENDING WILLIAM J. ZIEGLER, WHICH To be vice admiral NOMINATIONS WERE RECEIVED BY THE SENATE AND AP- PEARED IN THE CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ON JANUARY REAR ADM. THAD W. ALLEN, 0000 3, 2001.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:15 May 15, 2014 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00070 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 9801 C:\1999-2001-BOUND-RECORD-REDACTION-FILES\BR2001\MAR\S20MR1.REC S20MR mmaher on DSKCGSP4G1 with SOCIALSECURITY 4034 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES—Tuesday, March 20, 2001

MORNING HOUR DEBATES in the long run result in more oil im- It is in fact a potential disaster wait- The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the ports as we ignore more cost-efficient ing to happen if you are concerned order of the House of January 3, 2001, operations other than the Arctic Wild- about security. Far better than this the Chair will now recognize Members life Refuge. rancorous debate over the potential en- from lists submitted by the majority This also continues to ignore the re- vironmental damage in the wildlife ref- and minority leaders for morning hour ality that we, as a country, cannot and uge is to work to reduce the waste of debates. The Chair will alternate rec- should not continue to consume energy energy in the United States. ognition between the parties, with each the way that we currently do: six times f party limited to not to exceed 30 min- higher than the world per capita en- ergy consumption, twice as much as HEALTH CARE TAX DEDUCTION utes, and each Member except the ma- ACT OF 2001 jority leader, the minority leader or developed countries like Japan and the minority whip limited to not to ex- Germany. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ceed 5 minutes. The irony is that conservation does MICA). Under the Speaker’s announced The Chair recognizes the gentleman work and would work better than a policy of January 3, 2001, the gen- from Oregon (Mr. BLUMENAUER) for 5 mad rush to exploit our oil resources. tleman from Florida (Mr. STEARNS) is minutes. It is estimated that a mere 3-mile-per- recognized during morning hour de- gallon improvement in the perform- bates for 5 minutes. f ance of SUVs would offset the entire Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, I just FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S ROLE IN proposed oil production from the Arc- dropped a bill this morning, and I in- ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP tic. And if we feel that we cannot sin- tend to talk about it. It is called the CRITICAL ASPECT FOR PRO- gle out these large and inefficient vehi- Health Care Tax Deduction Act. What MOTING LIVABLE COMMUNITIES cles, then just a 1⁄2-mile-per-gallon effi- it does is allow deductions for amounts Mr. BLUMENAUER. Mr. Speaker, I ciency improvement in the fleet over- paid for health insurance premiums came to Congress determined that the all would meet the production of the and unreimbursed prescription drugs. Federal Government be a better part- Arctic wilderness. It is a lack of will What I am proposing would also pro- ner in promoting livable communities, regarding the average level over the vide much-needed relief to individuals to make our families safe, healthy and last 20 years that we have not reduced struggling with the high cost of health economically secure. Government these mileage requirements. Last year insurance and prescription drugs needs to lead by example, to set the was 24 miles per gallon, tied for lowest through a tax deduction. tone and follow through. A critical as- in the last 20 years. We can and we As we all know, employers can write pect is our environmental stewardship. should do better. off the cost of health care coverage I just returned from 4 days in Oregon Simple things like in California hav- that is purchased for their employees. and was, frankly, surprised at the in- ing roofs that are white and reflective Why cannot individuals be afforded tensity of the public reaction to this would reduce air conditioning costs by this same opportunity to write off administration’s lack of commitment approximately 30 percent. It would be their premiums and their unreimbursed to the environment. The sudden about- far more effective for us to make that prescription drug expenses? The cur- face from an explicit campaign promise investment in conservation. rent tax code sets a threshold at 7.5 to have mandatory reductions in car- I started in politics during the last percent of adjusted gross income before bon dioxide emissions has struck a energy crisis some 25 years ago, and de- medical expenses can be taken as a nerve. The administration may think spite Ronald Reagan’s efforts to gut write-off. I do not think this is fair. it is time to study global warming, but and reverse the efforts, conservation Right now, under the current tax most Americans agree with the over- over a period of time has saved a quan- code, in order to claim health care ex- whelming scientific evidence that glob- tity of energy that is four times the en- penses the individuals must file an al warming is real and that we must do tire domestic oil energy production. itemized tax return. I believe that all something about it. Conservation is the only alternative taxpayers should be allowed to deduct I was struck by the continued deep that will provide immediate relief to these out-of-pocket expenses and costs opposition to the administration’s pro- those of us in the West this year. It has and that we need to include a place posal to drill for oil in the Arctic Wild- no threat from terrorists, no risk of en- where this deduction could be taken on life Refuge. For me the issue is not a vironmental damage, and conservation the short form such as the 1040 EZ, and question of whether the environmental continues producing every year. That the 1040A. My bill also applies to the damage may result, it is the funda- is why past efforts at conservation self-employed because individuals who mental question whether we should do have made each oil barrel that we have are self-employed will not be eligible it at all. today support almost twice as much of for a 100 percent write-off until the I was pleased to see a recent news- the gross national product as in 1975. year 2003. letter by the Rocky Mountain Institute But last and most significant, it does Employer-sponsored health insurance which contained an article by Amory not make sense to strategically drill in is declining. In 1987, 69.2 percent of the and Hunter Lovins asking that funda- the Arctic Wildlife Refuge if we are population under 65 had health insur- mental question. They point out, for worried about oil security for the ance through their place of employ- example, that the State of Alaska’s United States. What could be more ment or a family member’s place of own recent survey forecast on the long- foolish than placing our bets on an employment. That number declined to term oil prices suggest that the prices aging 800-mile facility that is increas- 64.9 percent in 1998. Just who are we are not going to be high enough to ingly unreliable, that is wearing out, talking about? Well, four out of five make the operation profitable. Using and is impossible to defend? The poten- uninsured Americans in 1998 lived in a our time and resources to recover this tial for disruption makes it an ideal family with a full-time worker. Only 72 more expensive oil would result not target for a terrorist, a rogue state or percent of employees are eligible for only in a waste of money, but it would a deranged person. coverage from their employer, and

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4035 about 40 percent of small businesses, 50 RECESS S. 420. An act to amend title 11, United States Code, and for other purposes. workers or less, do not offer any kind The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- of health insurance. This is according ant to clause 12 of rule I, the Chair de- f to the National Coalition on Health clares the House in recess until 2 p.m. RECOGNIZING THE REVEREND DR. Care. Accordingly (at 12 o’clock and 41 CHERYL J. SANDERS, SENIOR So who is affected? Low and middle- minutes p.m.), the House stood in re- PASTOR, THIRD STREET CHURCH income families; young adults 18 to 24 cess until 2 p.m. OF GOD make up 30 percent of the uninsured; f (Ms. NORTON asked and was given the near-elderly ages 55 to 64; minority permission to address the House for 1 and immigrant populations; people who b 1400 minute and to revise and extend her re- work in small businesses; others in- AFTER RECESS marks.) clude people with day-labor jobs, tem- Ms. NORTON. Madam Speaker, it is porary or part-time jobs. The recess having expired, the House especially appropriate during this I believe we must address this issue was called to order by the Speaker pro tempore (Mrs. BIGGERT) at 2 p.m. Women’s History Month that we have because so many Americans are unin- welcomed for prayer a distinguished sured today, and many millions more f young woman, an ordained minister of are underinsured. PRAYER the Church of God, the Reverend Dr. So you might ask why is this so im- Cheryl Sanders. Not only is Reverend portant. Because we all end up paying The Reverend Dr. Cheryl J. Sanders, Sanders the senior minister of one of for the uninsured through higher pre- Third Street Church of God, Wash- the District’s oldest and most distin- miums, deductibles and copayments for ington, D.C., offered the following guished churches, the Third Street covered services, higher taxes for un- prayer: Church of God, she is professor of compensated care, and reduced wages. Eternal God, we lift hearts full of Christian Ethics at Howard University. gratitude to You on this day that You Not only does Dr. Sanders minister Did you know that Americans spends have made, thanking You for the invi- more than $1 trillion on health care? to the poor as a gifted preacher, she is tation to rejoice and be glad in it. We a woman of extraordinary intellectual That represents about 13.5 percent of give thanks for the women and men of the gross domestic product. By 2008, range. She has written and taught this House of Representatives. broadly on subjects ranging from bio- spending will increase to 16.5 percent of Make Your presence and Your pur- the gross domestic product. In fact, Mr. medical ethics to the Holiness Pente- pose come alive in their deliberations costal experience and African Amer- Speaker, Americans spend more per and debates today. By Your spirit, capita for health care than any other ican religion and culture. I am proud to please empower their leadership and note that she has a special interest in nation in the world. legislative process. Through them ex- But why are so many people unin- feminist ethics. tend Your blessing to every family and Madam Speaker, I am particularly sured? Most studies cite cost as a community represented here today, major reason for not having insurance. proud and pleased to celebrate Wom- Your grace to those without represen- en’s History Month by having the pray- Many workers decline coverage tation, Your equity to the poor, Your through their place of employment be- er offered this morning by a woman peace to the troubled, Your light to who, like me, is a native Washing- cause they cannot afford to pay their those in despair. share of the premium. Others, such as tonian, who attended D.C. public Grant us all full access to the healing schools, where she was well prepared to temporary workers, cannot afford to resources and reconciling justice You purchase their own insurance. achieve her BA at Swarthmore and her have ordained for our Nation. masters and doctorate at Howard Uni- We all know that the cost of health In Your name we pray. Amen. versity Divinity School, where she now care has risen dramatically over the f teaches. last 20 years. The average premium THE JOURNAL Dr. Sanders’ life as a Christian min- costs about $4,500 for an individual and ister includes her husband and two about $6,500 for a family. Of that The SPEAKER pro tempore. The children. The Church is blessed when amount, employees pay 10 to 30 percent Chair has examined the Journal of the such an able and dedicated woman is of that premium. Unfortunately, things last day’s proceedings and announces called to teach and preach in the Na- will probably get worse because many to the House her approval thereof. tion’s Capital. employers cover the cost of the high Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- f premiums to keep workers in a tight nal stands approved. labor market. However, if the economy PRESERVING MARRIAGE f continues to slow down and unemploy- (Mr. PITTS asked and was given per- ment begins to rise, then employers PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE mission to address the House for 1 might pass the cost along to the em- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the minute and to revise and extend his re- ployees or in fact discontinue providing gentlewoman from the District of Co- marks.) health insurance altogether. lumbia (Ms. NORTON) come forward and Mr. PITTS. Madam Speaker, healthy Seniors, in particular, have been im- lead the House in the Pledge of Alle- families are fundamentally important pacted because so many HMOs have giance. to a healthy America. This should go pulled out of Medicare due in large part Ms. NORTON led the Pledge of Alle- without saying. According to our best to the high cost of prescription drugs. giance as follows: data, out-of-wedlock births and weak- Allowing a simple write-off of certain I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the ened marriages are the principal causes costly health care expenses such as United States of America, and to the Repub- of child poverty, welfare dependence, health insurance premiums and out-of- lic for which it stands, one nation under God, crime, drug use, and child abuse. But pocket expenses for prescription drugs indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. the Federal Government spends $150 would be a tremendous benefit that f billion, that is with a B, on welfare may not be available to them under the programs to subsidize and support sin- current system. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE gle-parent families, and only $150 mil- Mr. Speaker, I will be sending out a A message from the Senate by Mr. lion trying to reduce out-of-wedlock letter; and I hope all of my colleagues Lundregan, one of its clerks, an- births. cosponsor my bill. It makes sense to nounced that the Senate has passed a In other words, we spend 1,000 times have all taxpayers have this type of de- bill of the following title in which the as much money supporting single-par- duction available to them. concurrence of the House is requested: ent families as we spend encouraging

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4036 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 parents to commit to raising their chil- lions, and that is how many Americans word. Now Congress has adopted a lock dren together. want us to pass this reasonable budget box on the Social Security program It is time we remembered the tradi- and tax relief now. and the Medicare program. tional two-parent family. Single par- f Madam Speaker, Republicans stopped ents often do a great job, even against Congress from spending the surplus out 180TH ANNIVERSARY OF GREEK the odds. There are millions of heroic of these trust funds for new spending INDEPENDENCE single parents in this country doing programs. their best to support and raise their (Mr. CROWLEY asked and was given f children. But ask them what they permission to address the House for 1 think, and they will be the first to tell minute and to revise and extend his re- RECOGNIZING NATIONAL you that kids would be better off with marks.) AGRICULTURE WEEK AND AG DAY both mother and dad caring for them. Mr. CROWLEY. Madam Speaker, I (Mr. KENNEDY of Minnesota asked f am pleased today to rise in honor of and was given permission to address the 180th anniversary of Greek inde- the House for 1 minute and to revise TIME TO PASS A FLAT TAX pendence. and extend his remarks.) (Mr. TRAFICANT asked and was It was 180 years ago that the Greek Mr. KENNEDY of Minnesota. Madam given permission to address the House patriots rose up against the Ottomans Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to for 1 minute and to revise and extend in a courageous act of defiance. Many the men and women of America who his remarks.) of them fought and died for what they help feed the world. This week is Na- Mr. TRAFICANT. From the womb to believed in, the right of self-determina- tional Agriculture Week, and today is the tomb, Madam Speaker, the Inter- tion, self-governance, that an inde- Ag Day. It is a time when we take a nal Rectal Service is one big enema. pendent Greek nation should rightfully moment to pay tribute to those that Think about it: they tax our income, exist alongside other sovereign na- work the land to feed our world. they tax our savings, they tax our sex, tions, free of foreign domination, op- For many of the constituents in my they tax our property sales profits, pression and constraints. district, it is a very special day. South- they even tax our income when we die. A country with a rich history west Minnesota is a national leader in Is it any wonder America is taxed stretching back more than 4,000 years, producing soybeans, corn, sugar, tur- off? We happen to be suffering from a Greece remains the cradle of democ- keys, pork, and dairy products. disease called Taxes Mortis racy and one of the most important The efficiency of U.S. farmers is a Americanus. contributors to Western Civilization. benefit to all Americans. American Beam me up. It is time to pass a flat, When the Founding Fathers of this families spend approximately 9 percent simple 15 percent sales tax, and fire country sought to create a government of their income on food, compared to 11 these nincompoops at the IRS. of, by, and for the people, they reached percent in the United Kingdom, 17 per- Think about it. for inspiration in the words and theo- cent in Japan and 53 percent in India. I yield back the socialist, communist ries of the great Greek philosophers. Madam Speaker, I urge my col- income tax scheme of these United On this day we reaffirm the common leagues not to forget the farmer among States. democratic heritage we share. Like our all of the other pressing issues of the f day of independence on July 4th, in day. Agriculture is a vital link to the THE BUDGET, BY THE NUMBERS which we are always reminded of the success of our Nation, and we must (Mr. GIBBONS asked and was given cost of freedom and independence, it is help our farmers by working to grow permission to address the House for 1 only fitting that the Congress of the demand for their products. minute and to revise and extend his re- United States commemorate the strug- f gle that led to Greek independence. We marks.) ADMINISTRATION DOING NOTHING fought the same battles, and won, as Mr. GIBBONS. Madam Speaker, the TO HELP POWER CRISIS facts are in, and the numbers do not did those Greek patriots. lie. The budget proposed by this Repub- f (Mr. DEFAZIO asked and was given permission to address the House for 1 lican-led Congress will meet not only PROTECTING SOCIAL SECURITY all of the needs, but the priorities as minute and to revise and extend his re- AND MEDICARE USING A LOCK marks.) well of the American people. BOX This budget continues our commit- Mr. DEFAZIO. Madam Speaker, the ment to improving education by in- (Mr. STEARNS asked and was given Pacific Northwest is locked in an un- vesting $80 billion next year, that is a permission to address the House for 1 precedented drought. We have lost hy- 14 percent increase, in the education minute and to revise and extend his re- dropower generation and we are going budget; and it supports our national marks.) to have to buy energy. But the energy defense with a $14 billion budget in- Mr. STEARNS. Madam Speaker, markets have gone haywire because of crease, and a $5.7 billion increase spe- more than 76 million baby boomers are the failed California deregulation. cifically for improving service mem- marching toward retirement, creating Prices are 10 times what they were a bers’ pay, housing, and veterans health the greatest demographic challenge comparable month 2 years ago. care. this Nation has ever faced. Our govern- This is outrageous price gouging and In addition, this budget also includes ment is not prepared to meet their profiteering on the part of some na- $153 billion for Medicare reform, and needs. Medicare could be insolvent in tional energy companies. It is threat- $2.8 billion for the National Institutes the near future. In just a few years, So- ening residential ratepayers and busi- of Health. We pay down a historic $2 cial Security could be in the red. nesses alike in the Northwest and Cali- trillion of the public debt, and ensure The implications are frightening. fornia. that the $2.6 trillion Social Security Seniors currently rely on Social Secu- The Northwest delegation just met trust fund remains safe from the Wash- rity for nearly half of their incomes. with Vice President CHENEY, and we ington spendthrifts. Medicare provides a staggering amount have had the response of the Bush-Che- Madam Speaker, we achieve all these of the elderly with their basic insur- ney administration. They will do one goals while still giving the American ance benefits. thing to help us, one thing to help the families meaningful and fair tax relief, That is why the Republican Congress residential ratepayers and the busi- meaning $1,600 for the average family has taken the first step. We stopped nesses of the Pacific Northwest in the of four will be back in their pockets for the 30-year raid on the Social Security face of this catastrophe that is coming them to spend. trust fund, and also on Medicare. Re- with huge rate increases for profit- Madam Speaker, the numbers simply publicans made retirement security a eering by a few national energy compa- do not lie. And there is one more, mil- priority and followed through on our nies based, strangely enough, in Texas.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4037 They will do one thing to help us, they of this opportunity and change, James Whereas leading TB experts agree that in told us, and that one thing is nothing. Naim knowingly risked his life every order to control TB in the United States, it is necessary to control TB in the developing f day doing what he loved: protecting the lives of others. countries that contribute the vast majority of the global TB burden and are the destina- TRIBUTE TO THE LATE PINA All too often we find ourselves look- BROOKS SWIFT tion of tens of thousands of American visi- ing for heroes in movies and on tele- tors each year; and (Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia vision, when all we have to do is look Whereas it is possible to control tuber- asked and was given permission to ad- next door and see someone like Officer culosis worldwide, as the global community dress the House for 1 minute and to re- Jim Naim, someone who never sought eradicated smallpox and may soon eradicate vise and extend her remarks.) recognition for his honorable dedica- polio, if the worldwide political will to do so Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia. tion to others, but courageously paid is found: Now, therefore, be it Madam Speaker, I rise to pay tribute the ultimate price in achieving it. Resolved, That the House of Representa- to a great lady of Virginia, my friend Today over 1,000 police officers at- tives— Pina Brooks Swift, who recently died (1) recognizes the importance of increasing tended the burial of Officer Naim, United States investment in international unexpectedly at the age of 65. which reflects the profound impact he Pina was the chairman of the Vir- tuberculosis control within the foreign aid had on the lives of those around him. I ginia Board of Elections and served as budget for fiscal year 2002; join them in their tribute to his service (2) recognizes the importance of supporting past chairman of Republican counties and ultimate sacrifice, and recognize and expanding domestic efforts to eliminate both in the city of Fredericksburg and that the world has tragically lost an- TB in the United States; and in Stafford County, Virginia, two other hero. (3) calls upon local, national and global prominent localities in Virginia’s first leaders, including the President of the district. f United States, to commit to putting an end Pina was a woman of great energy ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER to the worldwide TB epidemic. and integrity who always let you know PRO TEMPORE The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- where she stood, but at the same time ant to the rule, the gentleman from respected the opinion of others. She The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. BIGGERT). Pursuant to clause 8 of rule North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) and had friends in all walks of life and in the gentleman from California (Mr. both parties. Even those who disagreed XX, the Chair announces that she will postpone further proceedings today on LANTOS) each will control 20 minutes. with her on some issues, admired her The Chair recognizes the gentleman for her candor and genuine affection each motion to suspend the rules on from North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER). for her fellow human beings. which a recorded vote or the yeas and In my own case, Pina and I shared a nays are ordered, or on which the vote GENERAL LEAVE common philosophy, though there were is objected to under clause 6 of rule Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I a few issues on which we diverged. But XX. ask unanimous consent that all Mem- no matter, we spoke freely to one an- Any record vote on postponed ques- bers may have 5 legislative days within other and always parted as the best of tions will be taken after debate has which to revise and extend their re- friends. concluded on all motions to suspend marks and include extraneous material The death of Pina Brooks Swift the rules, but not before 6 p.m. today. on the resolution presently being con- marks the end of a remarkably produc- f sidered. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there tive life. She will long be remembered RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE objection to the request of the gen- as one of the founding ladies of the OF COMBATTING TUBERCULOSIS modern Republican Party of Virginia, tleman from North Carolina? as well as a person who was forceful, Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I There was no objection. kind, caring and a great credit to hu- move to suspend the rules and agree to Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I manity. She will be deeply missed. the resolution (H. Res. 67) recognizing yield myself such time as I may con- the importance of combatting tuber- f sume. culosis on a worldwide basis, and ac- Madam Speaker, H.R. 67, introduced OFFICER JAMES NAIM TRIBUTE knowledging the severe impact that TB by our colleagues, the gentleman from (Ms. HART asked and was given per- has on minority populations in the Texas (Mr. REYES) and the gentleman mission to address the House for 1 United States, as amended. from Texas (Mr. RODRIGUEZ), seeks to minute and to revise and extend her re- The Clerk read as follows: draw more attention at home and marks.) H. RES. 67 abroad to the growing threat posed by Ms. HART. Madam Speaker, I rise to Whereas tuberculosis is a horrible disease tuberculosis. This deadly disease not pay tribute to a fallen hero. James that is preventable and treatable; only poses a threat throughout the de- Naim of Hopewell Township in Penn- Whereas one third of the world’s popu- veloping world, but also disproportion- sylvania was a police officer who was lation is infected with the TB bacteria, in- ately afflicts minority and poor popu- ambushed and fatally shot at point- cluding between 10 and 15 million people in the United States; lations in the United States. blank range while he was on foot patrol Tragically, Madam Speaker, one- this past Thursday night. It was a Whereas someone in the world dies of TB every 15 seconds; third of the world’s population is in- senseless act of violence and cowardice; Whereas TB will kill more people this year fected with tuberculosis, a treatable but unfortunately, such violence has than any other year in history; and curable disease. Yet millions die become all too common in our society Whereas TB rates are substantially higher from the disease because its victims today. for minorities in the United States; lack education and an awareness about Officer Naim was at a turning point. Whereas African Americans suffer from TB its deadly consequences on them or the He was 32 years old. He was only a po- at a rate that is eight times greater than meager resources needed for treatment. lice officer in the city of Aliquippa for that of Caucasians, Latinos at six times More alarming is the fact that between 14 months, and he was only a few weeks greater, Native Americans at five times 10 million and 15 million Americans are away from earning his college degree. greater and Asians at a rate of nearly fifteen He had been working on it part-time. times greater; infected with tuberculosis in the Whereas a substantial number of States He was about to be reunited with his United States and thousands die of have TB rates above the national average, that disease each year. wife, Sofia, a native of Bulgaria, who the highest rates being found in Texas, Ha- had been having trouble getting her Madam Speaker, every 15 seconds a waii, California, Alaska, Florida, Georgia, person is infected with the deadly tu- visa to return to the United States. and New York; berculosis virus; and as a consequence, b 1415 Whereas the increased threat of TB emerg- ing in the United States is an unavoidable more people will die of the disease this This young couple had a bright fu- byproduct of increased international travel, year than in any other year in history. ture ahead of them. In the midst of all commerce, and migration; It is also important to underscore that

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4038 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 infectious diseases know no borders third of the world’s population is in- 15 seconds; TB kills 2 million people and that as a result of travel and com- fected with bacteria that cause tuber- every year; and TB rates are substan- merce, more and more Americans, es- culosis, including an estimated 10 mil- tially higher for minorities in the pecially the poor and minorities, will lion to 15 million people here in the United States. become infected and die from this pre- United States. Tuberculosis is spread- I introduced this resolution with the ventable disease. ing as a result of inadequate treat- gentleman from Texas (Mr. The global community worked col- ment, and it is a disease that knows no RODRIGUEZ), my friend and colleague, lectively to eradicate smallpox and is national borders. because the problem of tuberculosis, working to rid the world of the polio In order to control TB in the United which many people think of as a dis- virus. We can do the same with regard States in a more effective manner, it is ease of the past that has largely been to tuberculosis. It is also possible to critical that we ensure the effective- eradicated, is again posing a serious save lives by providing the poor and ness of TB-controlled programs glob- threat to the health and security of our minorities in our own country as well ally. There is a highly effective and in- Nation. We must exert maximum effort as overseas with inexpensive tuber- expensive treatment for tuberculosis. to combat this disease on a global culosis treatment. Madam Speaker, It is recommended by the World Health scale. this is not only the right thing to do, it Organization as the best method for Madam Speaker, tuberculosis is a is the smart thing to do. By saving treating TB. The strategy is known as horrible disease that is preventable and lives, we can increase the productivity Directly Observed Treatment Short treatable; yet one-third of the world’s and lessen the burden on our taxed Course, DOTS for short. It produces population is infected with the TB bac- health care systems, both in the United high cure rates, prevents the further teria, including between 10 million and States and overseas. spread of the infection, and prevents 15 million people in the United States. Therefore, Madam Speaker, it is im- the development of strains of multi- Every second of every day, a person portant for the Congress to pass H.R. 67 drug resistant TB. Yet fewer than one somewhere in the world is infected in order to recognize the challenge in five of those ill with tuberculosis are with TB. Every second of every day, posed by the tuberculosis epidemic and receiving this treatment. additionally, someone in the world dies to redouble our efforts to combat and Based on the estimates of the World of TB. This treatable disease will kill eradicate this terrible and deadly dis- Bank, Madam Speaker, this treatment more people this year than any other ease. This is another example of how is one of the most cost-effective health time in our history. America can act globally to serve its interventions available, costing less Furthermore, TB rates are substan- own interests at home. than $100 to save a life. It can produce tially higher for minorities in the I commend my colleagues for draft- cure rates of up to 95 percent, even in United States, with African Americans ing this timely and important resolu- the poorest countries. suffering from this disease at a rate tion, and I urge them to vote for its Madam Speaker, I think the United that is eight times greater than that of adoption. States should commit more of our re- Caucasians; Latinos at a rate that is Madam Speaker, I reserve the bal- sources to support this treatment glob- six times greater than Caucasians; Na- ance of my time. ally. It is the only way that we will be tive Americans at a rate of five times Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I rise able to stop TB here in the United greater; and Asians at a rate of nearly in strong support of this resolution, States and across the globe. I believe 15 times greater. Everything possible and I yield myself such time as I might that passage of the Reyes resolution needs to be done to stop this disease in consume. will signal that this House of Rep- its tracks. I am greatly concerned with Madam Speaker, H. Res. 67 expresses resentatives strongly supports in- the TB infection rates along the U.S.- support for increased United States creased funding for the global battle Mexico border as well. Texas and Cali- funding for international tuberculosis against tuberculosis. fornia have TB rates above the na- treatment and eradication efforts. I I commend the gentleman from tional average. would first like to commend my friend Texas (Mr. REYES) for introducing this Madam Speaker, TB is emerging in and colleague, the gentleman from resolution, and I urge all of my col- the United States as an unavoidable Texas (Mr. REYES), for introducing this leagues to support H. Res. 67. by-product of increased international resolution. Madam Speaker, I reserve the bal- travel, commerce, and migration. It is This resolution before us today calls ance of my time. necessary to control TB in developing for increasing U.S. investment substan- Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I countries if we are going to control it tially in international tuberculosis reserve the balance of my time. here within our own borders in the control within the Foreign Aid budget Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I am United States. We need to eradicate TB for fiscal year 2002. The Reyes resolu- pleased to yield as much time as he just as we have eradicated smallpox. tion also recognizes the importance of may consume to the gentleman from Madam Speaker, we need to substan- supporting and expanding domestic ef- Texas (Mr. REYES), my friend and col- tially increase the investment in inter- forts to eliminate TB and calls on league, and the author of this most im- national tuberculosis control within international leaders to commit to put- portant resolution. the foreign aid budget for fiscal year ting an end to the worldwide TB epi- Mr. REYES. Madam Speaker, I thank 2002. We need to recognize the impor- demic. the gentleman from California (Mr. tance of supporting and expanding do- Madam Speaker, March 24 is World LANTOS) for yielding me this time this mestic efforts to eliminate TB in the TB Day, the day dedicated to raising afternoon. United States, and we all need to work awareness of the terrible toll inflicted Madam Speaker, I rise today to en- together to put an end to the world- by tuberculosis and to increase support courage my colleagues to support a wide TB epidemic. for fighting TB. It is, therefore, appro- very important resolution. This resolu- I ask my colleagues to support H. priate that we are taking up this reso- tion recognizes the importance of com- Res. 67. The World Health Organization lution today, just a few days prior to batting tuberculosis commonly re- has designated this coming Saturday World Tuberculosis Day. ferred to as TB, on a worldwide basis as World TB Day, and I cannot think of Madam Speaker, tuberculosis kills 2 and acknowledges the severe impact a more appropriate way to bring atten- million people every single year. That that TB has on minority populations in tion to this terrible disease this year is one person every 15 seconds. Glob- the United States. than the passage of this resolution. ally, tuberculosis is the leading cause As I speak this afternoon, I want my Finally, I would like to thank the of death of young women and the lead- colleagues to focus on these four statis- gentleman from California (Mr. LAN- ing cause of death of people with HIV/ tics: someone in the world is infected TOS), my good friend, and the gen- AIDS. The World Health Organization, with TB every second of every day; tleman from North Carolina (Mr. Madam Speaker, estimates that one- someone in the world dies of TB every BALLENGER), also my good friend, and

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4039 their staffs for their work on the Com- It is not just the humanitarian and HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, mittee on International Relations and the right thing to do for us to work on COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE, for their help in managing this bill. I TB in this country, it also makes a dif- Washington, DC, March 19, 2001. would also like to thank all of my col- ference and work internationally on Hon. HENRY J. HYDE, Chairman, Committee on International Rela- leagues who cosponsored this impor- TB will make a difference in this coun- tions, tant legislation and who I am sure will try. Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, keep up the fight to eradicate tuber- This week I will be joined by the gen- DC. culosis on a worldwide basis. tlewoman from Maryland (Mrs. DEAR CHAIRMAN HYDE: it is my under- Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I MORELLA) and the gentleman from standing that the House leadership has scheduled H. Res. 67, recognizing the impor- yield 5 minutes to the distinguished California (Mr. WAXMAN) in intro- tance of combating tuberculosis, for floor ac- gentleman from Ohio (Mr. BROWN). ducing two pieces of legislation re- tion tomorrow, March 20, 2001. As you know, Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Madam Speak- sponding to the global TB threat. the Committee on Energy and Commerce er, I thank the gentleman for yielding Our global TB legislation calls for was given a named additional referral on this me this time. U.S. investment in international TB legislation. Tuberculosis is the greatest infec- control of $200 million for next year, Because of the desire to bring this legisla- tion before the House in an expeditious man- tious killer of adults worldwide. Each with a focus on expanding proven, low- year, 8 million people are diagnosed ner, I will not exercise my Committee’s right cost TB treatment in countries with to a referral. By agreeing to waive its consid- with tuberculosis and 2 million die high levels of TB. eration of the bill, however, the Energy and from it, one person every 15 seconds. In Our domestic bill calls for an annual Commerce Committee does not waive its ju- India alone, 1,100 people die every day investment of $528 million in Atlanta’s risdiction over H. Res. 67. from tuberculosis. Not surprisingly, Centers for Disease Controls in their I ask for your acknowledgment of the En- the statistics on access to TB treat- ergy and Commerce Committee’s jurisdic- efforts to eliminate TB and $240 million tion over this legislation. I further request ment worldwide are pretty grim. Fewer in the National Institutes of Health TB than one in five of those with TB re- that you include this letter as part of the research activities. RECORD during consideration of the legisla- ceive Directly Observed Treatment The Director General of the World tion on the House floor. Short Course, or the so-called DOTS Health Organization, Gro Bruntland, Thank you for your attention to these treatment. said that TB is not a medical problem, matters. Based on World Bank estimates, Sincerely, it is a political problem. Getting Amer- DOTS treatment is one of the most W.J. ‘‘BILLY’’ TAUZIN, icans engaged in an international and a cost-effective health interventions Chairman. domestic issue like TB, even when ad- available, costing as little as $20, and Madam Speaker, I yield such time as dressing that issue serves our best in- no more than $100, in the developing she may consume to the gentlewoman terests, is an uphill battle. Still, it is world to save a life and producing cure from Maryland (Mrs. MORELLA). one worth fighting. rates of up to 95 percent, even in the Mrs. MORELLA. Madam Speaker, I poorest countries with the least devel- Madam Speaker, I thank the gen- would like to, first of all, thank the oped health care infrastructure. tleman from California (Mr. LANTOS) gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. BALLENGER), my colleague who was b 1430 REYES) for their efforts on this issue. elected with me in the 10th Congress, But we have a small window of oppor- We have an opportunity to save mil- for yielding the time. tunity during which stopping tuber- lions of lives now and prevent millions Madam Speaker, I rise in strong sup- culosis can be cost effective. The fail- of needless deaths in the future. port of H. Res. 67, legislation which ure to effectively treat TB, which Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I highlights the importance of combat- comes from incorrect or interrupted submit the following exchange of let- ting TB on a worldwide basis. treatment and inadequate drug sup- ters for the RECORD between the gen- I want to salute the gentleman from plies, creates stronger strains that can tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE) and Texas (Mr. REYES) and the gentleman become resistant to today’s drugs. the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. from California (Mr. LANTOS) for intro- An epidemic of multi-drug resistant TAUZIN): ducing this resolution. TB, so-called MDR–TB, multi-drug re- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COM- I also want to thank the gentleman sistant TB, would cost billions to con- MITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELA- from Ohio (Mr. BROWN) for taking the trol, with no guarantee of success. TIONS, lead with me in introducing legislation MDR-TB has been identified on every Washington, DC, March 19, 2001. to increase the amount of money that Hon. W.J. ‘‘BILLY’’ TAUZIN, we are expending as seed money to continent. According to the World Chairman, Committee on Energy and Commerce, Health Organization, MDR–TB ulti- combat tuberculosis on a worldwide Rayburn House Office Building, basis. mately threatens to return TB control Washington, DC. My support is ongoing for programs to the pre-antibiotic era, the pre-1950s DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I have received your which save, protect and enhance the era, where no cure for TB was avail- letter concerning H. Res. 67, a resolution rec- lives of millions of people around the ognizing the importance of combating tuber- able. world, programs such as infectious dis- In the U.S., TB treatment, normally culosis on a worldwide basis. It is our inten- tion that the House consider this resolution ease control and tuberculosis control, about $2,000 per patient, skyrockets to in particular. as much as a quarter million dollars on the suspension calendar. The Committee on Energy and Commerce was granted an ad- International tuberculosis control per patient, what happened in New ditional referral on this resolution based on has become an important issue to me York City in the early 1990s, and an its jurisdiction over public health issues. over the past few years. Although it is MDR–TB treatment may not even be We recognize your jurisdiction, and appre- not a widely known fact, TB is the big- successful. ciate your willingness to waive your right to gest infectious killer of young women MDR–TB kills more than half of consider this resolution without waiving in the world. In fact, TB kills more those infected in the United States and your jurisdiction over the general subject women worldwide than all other causes other industrialized nations. In the de- matter. of maternal mortality combined. veloping world, multi-drug resistant As you have requested, I will include this Someone in the world is newly in- TB is an effective death sentence. exchange of letters in the Congressional fected with TB every second, and 8 mil- As H. Res. 67 makes perfectly clear, Record during consideration of the resolu- tion. lion people become sick with the dis- more needs to be done. I appreciate your assistance in getting this ease annually. TB accounts for more To control TB in the U.S. more effec- important legislation to the floor. than 1 quarter of all preventable adult tively, it is necessary to ensure the ef- Sincerely, deaths in developing countries. fectiveness of TB control programs HENRY J. HYDE, Currently, an estimated one-third of worldwide. Chairman. the world’s population, including 15

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 million people in the United States, Decades ago in this country many velop active TB during their lifetime than peo- are infected with the TB bacteria; and Americans were forced into sanitar- ple without HIV infection. due to its infectious nature, TB cannot iums as a way to control the spread of TB is the biggest killer of women, causing be stopped at national borders. It is im- TB. Since then, there have been diag- more deaths among women worldwide than all possible to control TB in the United nostic and treatment advances that other causes of maternal mortality combined. States until we control it worldwide. have led to a decline in the number of TB IN THE UNITED STATES Effective TB treatment is one of the tuberculosis cases. In the United In the 1970s and ’80s the United States let most cost-effective, tangible interven- States between 1977 and 1999, the cases its guard down against TB. Many states and tions that can extend the life of HIV- of TB decreased by 42 percent. During cities redirected TB prevention and control infected persons, protect families from this time, the cases of TB in Chicago funds to other programs and TB came back financial ruin and enable women and also decreased by 57 percent. with a vengeance. The trend toward elimi- girls to enjoy a brighter future. Unfor- However, despite the decline of TB nation was reversed and the US experienced tunately, less than one in four of these among the general population, a dis- a resurgence of TB with a 20 percent increase infected with TB have access to proven turbing trend of TB remains prevalent in TB cases reported between 1985 and 1992. treatment, a proven treatment called among African Americans and other Many of these persons were suffering from dif- DOTs, despite the fact that it is ex- minority groups within the United ficult to treat drug-resistant TB. tremely cost effective and produces States. The cases of TB between 1995 Today, 15 million people in our country are cures of up to 90 percent. and 1999 for African Americans in Chi- infected with the TB bacteria. A full six-month course of drugs cago were more than four times higher TB rates are substantially higher for minori- costs only $10 or $15, and this strategy as compared to nonHispanic whites. ties in the United States. has improved cure rates by up to 50 Although African Americans were re- African-Americans suffer from TB at a rate percent and has reduced drug resist- corded as less than 40 percent of Chi- that is eight times that of Caucasians. ance. However, I stress that only a cago’s population, African Americans My state of North Carolina is just below the quarter of the world’s active TB pa- accounted for 62 percent of all recorded National average for TB cases. In 1999, North tients now use DOTs. The World Health TB cases in Chicago. In 1999, Chicago Carolina had a TB rate of 6.4 cases per Organization, in collaboration with was ranked the third highest in the Na- 100,000 persons. The goal on the Tuber- various governments, foundations and tion of TB cases, with 463 cases re- culosis Control program in North Carolina is to anti-TB groups, seeks to solve these ported. reduce TB by the year of 2010 to under one problems by creating a global drug fa- The community of Chicago’s South- case per one million persons, virtually elimi- cility which will buy and supply good side, where approximately 36 percent of nating TB in the state. This bill encourages quality drugs to countries and non- the TB cases are reported, joined hands leaders in my state, the nation, and world-wide governmental organizations that agree together with the help of the Metro- to continue efforts to eliminate Tuberculosis. to use them correctly. politan Chicago Tuberculosis Coalition WHAT MUST BE DONE The United States must take a lead- and the American Lung Association of The end of this week (March 24th) is World ership role in supporting this initiative Metropolitan Chicago to develop prior- TB Day. This is the day we commemorate the by substantially increasing spending ities to move towards the decline in discovery of the TB bacteria in 1882. Unfortu- programs to eliminate the spread of TB the number of TB cases. Education was nately, today we are further away from elimi- worldwide from $60 million to $200 mil- listed as the first priority to help in re- nating this killer than we were that day over lion next year, with at least half of the ducing these cases; and I agree with 100 years ago. money going to the drug facility. The global community has been complacent the community leaders, health care Until we control TB internationally, about this disease for too long. That is why I professionals and individuals from or- the minority sectors of our own society am pleased to support Mr. REYES’ Resolution ganizations who are developing and im- will continue to be severely impacted commemorating this day and acknowledging by this disease. Latinos suffer from TB plementing programs of education to the harsh toll that TB takes on minorities. In at a rate that is six times that of Cau- educate citizens to become actively in- addition to acknowledging the continued im- casians. Rates among African Ameri- volved in fighting this dreaded disease. pact of this disease, I also believe we here in Again, Madam Speaker, I want to cans are eight times higher, and Native the United States must greatly increase our in- commend the gentleman from Texas Americans have an incidence five times vestment in domestic and international TB (Mr. REYES) and the gentleman from greater. Moreover, TB affects Asians control programs. Due to its infectious nature, with an incidence nearly 15 times California (Mr. LANTOS) and all of the only way to control TB at home is to ad- greater than Caucasians. those who are calling for additional dress it worldwide. We must invest in our fu- Today, when people and diseases can funding for tuberculosis both Nation- ture now, before it’s too late—before the reach any destination on the globe wide and here at home. spread of drug-resistant TB becomes too dif- within 36 hours, TB anywhere is a Mrs. CLAYTON. Madam Speaker, I am ficult or too expensive to control at all. threat everywhere. The longer we wait pleased to speak in support of H. Res. 67, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Madam to address the TB epidemic, the more recognizing the importance of combating tu- Speaker, I rise in support of H. Res. 67, Rec- difficult and expensive it will be to berculosis on a worldwide basis, and acknowl- ognizing the Importance of Tuberculosis On A eradicate the disease. edge the severe impact that TB has on minor- Worldwide Basis. This resolution marks a sig- H. Res. 67 summarizes exactly what ity populations in the United States. nificant realization by the global public health we must do to achieve this end, and I TB WORLDWIDE community that we need to do more to stop urge the support of this body. While TB is an ancient disease, it is also this illness. Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I one of the world’s deadliest. Every day, One-third of the world’s population, including yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 20,000 people develop TB and 5,000 die from between 10 million and 15 million people in gentleman from Illinois (Mr. DAVIS), it. TB accounts for more than one quarter of the United States, is infected with the tuber- my good friend. all preventable adult deaths in developing culosis (TB) bacteria, and rates of TB are sub- Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Madam Speak- countries. stantially higher for minorities in the United er, I rise today in support of H. Res. 67, Each year, there are two million TB-related States than for other Americans. which recognizes the importance of deaths worldwide and a disproportionate num- This resolution recognizes the importance of fighting tuberculosis worldwide and es- ber of people who become sick with TB are ‘‘substantially increasing United States invest- pecially among minority populations the most vulnerable—women, the poor, the ment in international tuberculosis control’’ in in the United States. I commend the homeless, racial and ethnic minorities and the FY 2002 foreign aid budget. We can no gentleman from Texas (Mr. REYES), my people infected with HIV. longer delay in combating this illness with the good friend, for recognizing the in- TB is the leading killer of people who are priority it deserves. The resolution also recog- creasing threat of tuberculosis world- HIV-infected, accounting for one third of AIDS nizes the importance of supporting and ex- wide and its reemergence in the United deaths worldwide. People co-infected with HIV panding domestic efforts to eliminate tuber- States. and TB are up to 800 times more likely to de- culosis (TB) in the United States and calls on

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4041 local, national and world leaders, including the infected, 200 million people will get sick, and be available to vulnerable groups such as president, to ‘‘commit to putting an end to the 35 million will die from TB—if control is not people with HIV or drug-resistant TB. The worldwide TB epidemic.’’ This is a global prob- further strengthened. The global epidemic is theme of a TB cure for all contributes to the lem, which requires a rapid and effective re- growing and becoming more dangerous. The fulfillment of everyone’s right to the highest sponse from all nations. breakdown in health services, the spread of possible standard of health. The measure notes that the increased threat HIV/AIDS and the emergence of multidrug-re- TB rates tend to be significantly higher in of TB emerging in the U.S. is an ‘‘unavoidable sistant TB are contributing to the worsening the poor and disadvantaged worldwide, and byproduct of increased international travel, impact of this disease. Leading TB experts TB rates are substantially higher for minorities commerce, and migration,’’ and that in order agree that in order to control the disease in in the United States. In fact, Asian Americans to control TB in the United States, it is nec- the United States it is necessary to control TB are fifteen times more likely to suffer from TB essary to control TB in developing countries. in the developing countries that contribute the than Caucasians, African Americans are eight Madam Speaker, TB is an avoidable prob- majority of the global TB burden and are the times more likely, Latinos are six times more lem, and, in many ways, is much easier to destination of thousands of American visitors likely, and Native Americans are five times control than other epidemics. We are not each year. more likely to suffer from this disease. doing enough, however, to keep TB from H. Res. 67 recognizes the importance of I would like to take this opportunity to com- touching our children’s lives. We must redou- substantially increasing the United States in- mend an organization in my district called Re- ble our efforts as to stem the tide of the TB vestment in international tuberculosis control sults. Results is a non-profit organization that epidemic and disseminate the appropriate pre- within the foreign aid budget in fiscal year seeks solutions to world hunger and poverty. ventative measures to lessen the illness where 2002 to help countries worldwide, recognizes Results is actively working to eradicate TB. I possible. the importance of supporting and expanding support this goal, and I want to make sure I urge my colleagues to support the resolu- domestic efforts to eliminate tuberculosis in Congress provides the resources to assist in tion. the United States and call upon local, national this effort. Mr. BACA. Madam Speaker, I rise in sup- and global leaders to commit to putting an end port of H. Res. 67, recognizing the importance to the worldwide tuberculosis epidemic. Ac- Madam Speaker, Congress has a duty to of tuberculosis funding. cordingly, I urge my colleagues to support this substantially increase the U.S. investment in On March 24th, 1882, Dr. Robert Kotch dis- measure and help limit the spread of this dev- international tuberculosis control, and to ex- covered the bacteria that causes TB. astating disease. pand domestic efforts to eliminate TB in the More than a century later, TB is still a seri- Mrs. CAPPS. Madam Speaker, I am United States. I am committed to making this ous world threat. In fact, it kills more people pleased to speak in support of House Resolu- happen, and I am pleased that this important today than it did a century ago. tion 67, which recognizes the importance of resolution was brought to the House floor Somewhere in the world someone dies of combating tuberculosis on a worldwide basis today. TB every fifteen seconds. and acknowledges the severe impact TB has Ms. PELOSI. Madam Speaker, I rise today One third of the world’s population is in- had on minority populations in the United in strong support of H. Res. 67 which recog- fected with the TB bacteria. States. nizes the importance of combating tuber- This year alone, TB will take more than 2 Leading experts on tuberculosis agree that culosis worldwide and the severe impact of tu- million lives, including the lives of many mi- in order to control this deadly disease in the berculosis on minority populations in the norities here in the United States. The illness United States, we need to control TB in the United States. I would like to thank Congress- is particularly affecting our African American developing countries that make up the vast men SILVESTRE REYES and CIRO RODRIGUEZ population. majority of the global TB burden. No one for introducing this resolution. This disease is a threat to all of us, includ- thinks this will be easy, but it is possible. In particular, I would like to recognize the ing to my constituents in California, which has The global community successfully eradi- leadership of Congressman SHERROD BROWN one of the highest rates of this illness in the cated smallpox and many soon get rid of who has been an outspoken advocate for in- country. polio. If the international community contrib- creased investment in tuberculosis treatment Therefore, it is essential that we increase utes the necessary resolve and resources, we and prevention. funding for TB control, and increase efforts to can eradicate tuberculosis as well. In last year’s Foreign Operations Appropria- eliminate TB in the United States. In 1999, there were an estimated 8.4 million tions bill, we worked together with Chairman We must call upon world leaders, including new cases of tuberculosis—up from 8 million SONNY CALLAHAN to triple funding for inter- the President to commit to putting an end to in 1997. This increase was due in large part national tuberculosis to $60 million. Although this epidemic. to a 20 percent increase in incidence in Afri- this was an important victory, we must do Mr. GILMAN. Madam Speaker, I rise today can countries with high HIV/AIDS rates. Most more to combat tuberculosis on a global level. in strong support of H. Res. 67 and I com- countries with rapidly growing HIV epidemics Few diseases are as widespread and as mend my colleague, Mr. REYES from Texas for also have high TB rates. This is true for coun- devastating as TB. TB kills 2 million people bringing this important issue to our attention. tries such as Brazil, Ethiopia, and Nigeria. each year—and is second only to AIDS as the Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable dis- This is typically because these countries lack biggest infectious killer of adults in the world. ease caused by the bacteria tubercle bacillus the proper health care personnel, infrastruc- TB will kill more people this year than any and a related mycobacterium (Mycobacterium ture, and funding. The link between HIV and other year in history. bovis). It is characterized by toxic or allergic TB rates means that we can expect several symptoms that primarily affect the lungs. One million additional new cases of TB as HIV con- TB is also the leading cause of death third of the world’s population is infected with tinues to spread in high-prevalence countries. among people with HIV. It accounts for one- the TB bacteria, including between 10 and 15 TB is the leading cause of death from infec- third of AIDS deaths worldwide and up to 40 million people in the United States. A substan- tion among young women worldwide. One percent of AIDS deaths in Africa and Asia. tial number of states have TB rates above the third of the world’s population is infected with In the United States, TB rates are substan- national average. The highest rates are found the tuberculosis bacteria—including 10–15 mil- tially higher for minorities than Caucasians. Af- in Texas, Hawaii, California, Alaska, Florida, lion people in the United States—and every rican Americans suffer from TB at a rate of Georgia, and my home state of New York. Ad- year between two to three million people die eight times greater, Latinos at a rate of six ditionally, TB rates are substantially higher of this curable disease. times greater, and Asians at a rate of nearly among minorities in the United States. African On March 16, Archbishop Desmond Tutu of- fifteen times greater. Americans suffer from TB at a rate of eight ficially launched World TB Day, and, on March The good news is that an effective treat- times greater than Caucasians, Latinos at six 24, the international community will recognize ment does exist for TB. The World Bank has times greater, Native Americans at five times World TB Day. The theme, ‘‘DOTS (Directly reported that DOTS (Directly Observed Treat- greater and Asians at a rate of nearly fifteen Observed Treatment, Short-course)—TB cure ment Shortcourse)—is one of the most cost times greater. for all,’’ call for equitable access to TB serv- effective health interventions available. It costs Globally, 2 million people die from TB each ices for anyone with this disease. Access to just $20–$100 to save a life. The problem is year. It is estimated that between 2000 and treatment should be available to men and that only one in five of those ill with TB is re- 2020, nearly one billion people will be newly women, and rich and poor alike. It should also ceiving treatment.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4042 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 We have a very small window of opportunity national average. In the United States, Latinos Whereas the people of the United States during which stopping TB would be cost effec- suffer from TB at a rate that is six times that and El Salvador have developed a strong tive. If we go too slowly, so much drug resist- of Anglos. African-Americans suffer from TB at friendship based on mutual interests and re- spect; ant TB will emerge that it will cost billions to a rate that is eight times that of Anglos. Whereas El Salvador has appealed to the control, with no guarantee of success. TB needs to be controlled now before it World Bank, the Inter-American Develop- I enthusiastically support this resolution and spreads uncontrollably, or worse yet, becomes ment Bank, and the international commu- working to ensure that Congress provides resistant to treatments. For most of us it might nity generally for economic assistance to adequate funding to treat and prevent this ter- seem a distant disease that few of us will en- meet the substantial relief and reconstruc- rible disease. counter, but it is a real and threatening dis- tion needs of that nation in the aftermath of Mrs. MINK of Hawaii. Madam Speaker, I ease that can harm many in the United States these earthquakes; and rise in strong support of H. Res. 67, which if we do not take control measures now. I urge Whereas the United States has offered recognizes the importance of combating tuber- you to support this fight against tuberculosis technical and monetary assistance through the United States Agency for International culosis on a worldwide basis, and acknowl- and to support H. Res. 67. Development: Now, therefore, be it edging the impact that TB has had on the Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I Resolved by the House of Representatives (the United States minority population. yield back the balance of my time. Senate concurring), That the Congress— Hawaii’s location, population and visitor pro- Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I (1) expresses— file makes for a unique role in infectious dis- yield back the balance of my time. (A) deep sympathy for the people of El Sal- ease developments throughout the Pacific The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. vador for the tragic losses suffered as a re- Basin and Asia. Unfortunately, Hawaii has the BIGGERT). The question is on the mo- sult of the earthquakes of January 13, 2001, distinction of having the highest rate of TB tion offered by the gentleman from and February 13, 2001; and (B) support for the efforts of the people of among the 50 States. Eighty percent of TB North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) that the House suspend the rules and agree El Salvador to rebuild their homes and lives; cases occur among the foreign-born. Most of (2) expresses support for continuing and these cases occur in immigrants within five to the resolution, H. Res. 67, as amend- substantially increasing, in connection with years of arrival into the State. ed. these earthquakes, relief and reconstruction The State of Hawaii Department of Health The question was taken. assistance provided by relief agencies and Tuberculosis Control Program works closely The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the the international community, including the with the United States Public Health Service opinion of the Chair, two-thirds of World Bank, the Inter-American Develop- Honolulu Quarantine Station (USPHS HQS) to those present have voted in the affirm- ment Bank, and the United States Agency for International Development; identify communicable diseases such as tuber- ative. Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, on (3) urges the President to encourage such culosis. The USPHS HQS has been respon- entities to expedite such assistance; and sible for the identification of communicable TB that I demand the yeas and nays. The yeas and nays were ordered. (4) encourages assistance by other nations cases in immigrants that would not have been and organizations to alleviate the suffering detected in their native country. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- of the people of El Salvador and to assist This partnership has been threatened due to ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the them in rebuilding their homes and lives. recent staff cuts at the USPHS HQS. More Chair’s prior announcement, further The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- quarantine officers are desperately needed to proceedings on this motion will be ant to the rule, the gentleman from postponed. provide protection to the residents of Hawaii North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) and and the rest of the United States. f the gentleman from California (Mr. I am hopeful that the passage of this resolu- EXPRESSING SYMPATHY FOR VIC- LANTOS) each will control 20 minutes. tion will remind Americans that we must work TIMS OF DEVASTATING EARTH- The Chair recognizes the gentleman with all developing nations to combat this hor- QUAKES IN EL SALVADOR from North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER). rific disease. We must also keep all U.S. quar- Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I GENERAL LEAVE antine stations staffed at appropriate levels to move to suspend the rules and agree to Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I limit the spread of TB in our country. the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. ask unanimous consent that all Mem- I urge my colleagues to support this resolu- 41) expressing sympathy for the vic- bers may have 5 legislative days within tion. tims of the devastating earthquakes which to revise and extend their re- Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Madam Speaker, today I that struck El Salvador on January 13, marks and include extraneous material join my colleague from Texas [SILVESTRE 2001, and February 13, 2001, and sup- on H. Con. Res. 41. REYES] in order to recognize the need to fight porting ongoing aid efforts. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Tuberculosis (TB) across the globe. To many The Clerk read as follows: objection to the request of the gen- Americans, this is a disease of the past or one H. CON. RES. 41 tleman from North Carolina? that only exists in other countries, far from us. There was no objection. Whereas on the morning of January 13, Unfortunately, it is neither gone nor far away. Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I Today, TB remains a dangerous disease im- 2001, a devastating and deadly earthquake with a magnitude of 7.6 on the Richter Scale include for the RECORD the following pacting 15 million in the United States. If we and a depth of 36 miles occurred off the coast letters from the gentleman from Illi- are to eliminate TB within our own borders, we of El Salvador, southwest of San Miguel, nois (Mr. HYDE) and the gentleman must work to control TB on a world wide killing hundreds of people, injuring thou- from Ohio (Mr. OXLEY): basis. sands of people, and displacing approxi- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COM- Nearly 57 million Americans travel in any mately 1,000,000 people; MITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELA- given year outside of the United States, ap- Whereas the earthquake has left damage TIONS, proximately 1 million people legally immigrate throughout the country, having caused sig- Washington, DC, March 19, 2001. to the United States, and millions of others nificant landslides and destruction in 12 of El Hon. MICHAEL G. OXLEY, Salvador’s 14 provinces; travel here each year. This continuous move- Chairman, Committee on Financial Services, Whereas almost 2,000 aftershocks and House of Representatives. ment across borders increases the possible tremors have been recorded, and they con- DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: I have received your spread of the disease and makes it an inter- tinue to occur; letter concerning H. Con. Res. 41, a resolu- national public health threat. While the disease Whereas on the morning of February 13, tion expressing sympathy for the victims of knows no borders, we within our borders can 2001, a second devastating and deadly earth- the earthquakes in El Salvador. It is our in- take action and recognize the need to combat quake occurred with a magnitude of 6.6 on tention that the House consider this legisla- tuberculosis globally. the Richter Scale and an epicenter located 15 tion on the suspension calendar. The Com- I am greatly concerned that one-third of new miles east-southeast of San Salvador, El Sal- mittee on Financial Services was granted an vador, killing more than 250 people, injuring TB cases originate in the four Southwest bor- additional referral on this resolution based thousands of people, and leaving thousands on its jurisdiction over international finan- der states of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, of other people homeless; cial and monetary organizations. and California, and that minorities are dis- Whereas the people of El Salvador have We recognize your jurisdiction, and appre- proportionately hurt by this disease. Tuber- displayed strength, courage, and determina- ciate your willingness to waive your right to culosis occurs along the border at twice the tion in the aftermath of these earthquakes; consider this resolution without waiving

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4043 your jurisdiction over the general subject The second quake measured 6.6 on Salvador. Salvadoran immigrants’ con- matter. I will support the Speaker in naming the Richter scale and had a depth of tributions to their home land is laud- members of your committee as conferees, about 20 miles, and it occurred 48 miles able and substantial. They send an es- should it get to conference. As you have requested, I will include this east of San Salvador. Neighboring timated $2 billion annually to their exchange of letters in the Congressional countries of Guatemala and Honduras families, making their remittances El Record during consideration of the resolu- also felt this quake. Salvador’s main source of foreign ex- tion. These devastating earthquakes were change. I appreciate your assistance in getting this responsible for over 1,100 deaths and Saint Anthony’s of Padua Catholic important legislation to the floor. more than 8,000 injuries. In addition, Church in Falls Church, Virginia, is a Sincerely, the quakes destroyed 150,000 homes and shining example of the community and HENRY J. HYDE, the Church working together to bring Chairman. damaged another 185,000 houses. In total, over 1.5 million El Salvadorans relief to those who need it most. The HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, have been affected by these national congregation is where 5,000 Salvadoran- COMMITTEE ON FINANCIAL SERVICES, catastrophes. Americans worship weekly. Washington, DC, March 19, 2001. The humanitarian needs of our neigh- By the end of January, almost $93,000 Hon. HENRY J. HYDE, bors in El Salvador are substantial. El was collected during the Sunday serv- Chairman, Committee on International Rela- Salvadorans need clean water, health ices. Subsequent to this collection, tions, facilities, homes, schools and paved Reverend Father Jose E. Hoyos and his Washington, DC. congregation have collected food, DEAR HENRY: I understand that you intend roads. These needs are compounded by to bring H. Con. Res. 41, a resolution express- severe poverty, particularly in the drinking water, blankets, and other ing sympathy for the victims of the El Sal- rural areas, which affects 63 percent of basic necessities to distribute to earth- vadoran earthquakes, to the floor for consid- El Salvador’s rural families. quake victims. Father Hoyos traveled to El Salvador eration under the suspension calendar. As The damage assessments continue to you know, the Committee on Financial Serv- in early February to inspect the dam- rise. The USAID reports that the cost ices was granted an additional referral upon age and to report back to his parish- of rebuilding after the two earthquakes the resolution’s introduction pursuant to the ioners on recovery efforts. In addition, will be more than $2.8 billion. Adding Committee’s jurisdiction over international Father Hoyos brought a check for financial and monetary organizations under to the devastation are the aftershocks $88,276 made out to the Catholic char- Rule X of the Rules of the House of Rep- that continue to occur in El Salvador. ity, Caritas, for the archdiocese of San resentatives. The United States Geological Survey Because of the importance of this matter, Salvador. I recognize your desire to bring this legisla- reports that hundreds of landslides Madam Speaker, I would like to tion before the House in an expeditious man- have occurred, making the roads im- thank the gentleman from North Caro- passable in many places around lakes, ner and will waive consideration of the reso- lina (Chairman BALLENGER), the gen- lution by the Financial Services Committee. while debris flowing around such lakes tleman from Illinois (Mr. HYDE), and By agreeing to waive its consideration of the have altered drainage patterns which the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. OXLEY) resolution, the Financial Services Com- will cause sediment dams to form dur- mittee does not waive its jurisdiction over H. for their support in quickly moving Con. Res. 41. In addition, the Committee on ing the rainy season. In addition, many this resolution through their commit- Financial Services reserves its authority to roads and bridges have been washed out tees. seek conferees on any provisions of the reso- or blocked by landslides or mudslides. Finally, I believe H. Con. Res. 41 is an lution that are within the Financial Services As of March 15, the United Nations important resolution that deserves the Committee’s jurisdiction during any House- Office for the Coordination of Humani- support of every Member, and I urge Senate conference that may be convened on tarian Affairs reports that over 70,000 my colleagues on both sides of the aisle this legislation. I ask your commitment to people lack adequate drinking water support any request by the Committee on Fi- to vote in favor of this resolution. nancial Services for conferees on H. Con. and must depend on clean water trans- Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I Res. 41 or related legislation. ported by trucks. yield myself such time as I may con- I request that you include this letter and b 1445 sume. your response as part of the Congressional Madam Speaker, I first would like to Record during consideration of the legisla- Currently, UNICEF is organizing the commend the gentleman from Virginia tion on the House floor. distribution of water and working (Mr. DAVIS) for introducing this impor- Thank you for your attention to these closely with the Pan-American Health matters. tant resolution. I rise in strong support Organization and the World Health Or- of the resolution. Sincerely, ganization. MICHAEL G. OXLEY, El Salvador has suffered two dev- Chairman. After years of brutal civil war and astating earthquakes within the span unrest, El Salvador has emerged as one Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I of one single month. The first of these of the most stable nations in Latin yield 31⁄4 minutes to the gentleman was on the 13th of January at a mag- America. Not only has El Salvador de- from Virginia (Mr. TOM DAVIS), and I nitude of 7.6. It killed 827 people, in- veloped a thriving economy, but it also commend him for this resolution. jured about 5,000 others, and destroyed Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. Madam has instituted many significant demo- or damaged 222,000 homes. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from cratic reforms. I am deeply concerned On February 13, the second earth- North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER), my that the damage and human suffering quake, measuring 6.6, struck El Sal- friend, for yielding me the time. caused by these earthquakes may vador again, causing more death and Madam Speaker, I rise today as the threaten the future stability and eco- destruction in this beleaguered nation. sponsor in support of H. Con. Res. 41, a nomic success of El Salvador. We can- About a million and a half Salva- resolution which expresses sympathy not allow this tragedy to result in dorans have been affected, almost one for the victims of the devastating socio-political backsliding. in every four of the country’s popu- earthquakes that struck El Salvador The Washington, D.C. metropolitan lation. The equivalent in the United on January 13, 2001, and February 13, area is home to approximately 135,000 States, Madam Speaker, would be that 2001, and supports ongoing aid efforts. Salvadoran-Americans, which is the the entire populations of Florida and Two devastating and deadly earth- second-largest Salvadoran community New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Il- quakes rocked the Central American in the United States, only behind Los linois would have been affected. nation of El Salvador on January 13 Angeles, California. I want to take this On top of these two massive earth- and February 13. The first quake meas- opportunity to commend the El Salva- quakes, Salvadorans are coping with ured 7.6 on the Richter scale and had a doran immigrants who live in America, scores of smaller quakes, now over 5,000 depth of 96 miles and occurred off the work honest jobs, contribute to our aftershocks. Of course this follows Hur- El Salvadoran coastline 65 miles south- local economies, and also save enough ricane Mitch in 1998 and years of civil west of San Miguel. to send home to their families in El war preceding it.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 We must respond on a scale befitting These quakes could not have come at more than a people can bear. But I both of the disasters and the respect a worse time. Since the end of its pro- want to let my colleagues know that and friendship we have for the people of tracted civil war, El Salvador has been these people are resilient. They are El Salvador. developing a thriving economy and in- brave. They are meeting the chal- Now, the administration recently an- stituting democratic reforms, making lenges. But it is so clear that they need nounced some additional assistance for it one of the most promising nations in additional assistance. El Salvador. But many of us feel that the region. However, the damage and I think every American, too, should this has not been anywhere nearly ade- human suffering caused by the earth- know that all Salvadorans are cooper- quate. We were even more surprised quakes now threatens the future sta- ating to rebuild their nation. Everyone and concerned to learn that the earth- bility and economic success of this na- from local officials to the president is quake aid that President Bush has tion. Without immediately helping, we working with one goal in mind, to get pledged has simply taken away from in the U.S. and elsewhere, the efforts El Salvador back on its feet. other priorities in El Salvador and the made by El Salvador and its people As part of that recovery effort, the entire region at a time when Latin have been made in vain. national government, led by the cen- America has been suffering from a The Department of State and USAID ter-right party, the ARENA Party, is spate of natural disasters. have informed Congress that the Bush working closely with local mayors, How long, Madam Speaker, are we administration intends to provide $100 many of whom are FMLN, a center-left going to continue this policy of robbing million in assistance. Additionally, and party which includes many former Peter to pay Paul? a very important thing, U.S. Attorney guerrillas. The economies of the affected coun- General Ashcroft has provided tem- These are the people who, 15 years tries are strained beyond endurance, porary protective status for some ago, were literally at war with each and much of the progress we have made 100,000 undocumented Salvadorans, other, and they are now working to- over the past 2 decades has been re- which allows them to stay here and gether in close coordination to recover versed. We spent billions during the continue to work without the fear of from these earthquakes. Of course they 1980s to promote democracy in these being sent back. have their differences, but they are re- countries. Now is the time to help I urge my colleagues to support pas- solving them through a democratic dia- them move forward. sage of this resolution. logue, much like we do every day in The President declared our relation- Madam Speaker, I reserve the bal- this institution. ship in the Western Hemisphere to be a ance of my time. So from that perspective, and I know foreign policy priority. Yet, I ask what Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I am the chairman shares my viewpoint, it real commitment is there in terms of delighted to yield 6 minutes to the dis- was a most encouraging trip. The Sal- economic development assistance that tinguished gentleman from Massachu- vadoran leadership representing many we intend to put into this region? setts (Mr. DELAHUNT). diverse political perspectives deserves We should vote to pass this resolu- Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I to be commended. After many years, tion today. But more importantly, we thank the gentleman for yielding me democracy has finally taken root in El should commit ourselves to do more this time. Salvador. It is in our national interest, and to do it soon. Madam Speaker, as others have indi- and I would submit it is our moral re- I urge my colleagues to support H. cated, this past January and February sponsibility, given our long history and Con. Res. 41. El Salvador was rocked by two major involvement in El Salvador to nurture Madam Speaker, I reserve the bal- earthquakes and thousands of smaller that democracy, to assist them in re- ance of my time. aftershocks. I think it was the gen- pairing the infrastructure so necessary Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I tleman from Virginia (Mr. DAVIS) who to advance their economy and their yield myself such time as I may con- sponsored the resolution who indicated fledgling democratic institutions. sume. that some 1,200 people were killed and Salvadorans have the will to repair Madam Speaker, today we have the almost 10,000 were injured. their country, but they need our help resolution before us, H. Con. Res. 41, Thousands of homes have been de- to do so. So much has been wrecked which expresses sympathy for all the stroyed, and the country’s infrastruc- that they simply cannot repair the victims of the two devastating earth- ture has been severely impacted. The damage on their own. Now that El Sal- quakes. property damage alone is estimated to vador is finally a democracy, the kind I would like to say that my wife and be at least $3 billion, according to the of democracy that its people dreamed I have been working in El Salvador for most recent estimates; and these num- of for years, let us not turn our back on 35 years and have many friends there. bers, while horrific, do not tell the en- them. A few days after the earthquake, we tire story. So I urge my colleagues to come to- were in our hotel, 10:33 in the evening, I traveled with the gentleman from gether as the Salvadoran people have and that time can be confirmed by sev- North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER), my done. eral of us that were there, we had an friend and the chairman of the sub- Madam Speaker, before I sit down, I aftershock on the seventh floor of the committee, to El Salvador in January would be remiss not to note the special hotel which was rather a fascinating and witnessed the devastation first- relationship that two Members of this way to spend the evening. hand. We saw people’s homes de- institution have with the people of El These quakes on the Richter scale, stroyed. We saw a neighborhood buried Salvador. One, of course, is the gen- we have all discussed that. I would just under a side of a mountain. We handed tleman from North Carolina (Mr. like to say that, after this disaster and out survival packages provided by BALLENGER), chairman of the Sub- we got back to the United States, peo- USAID to hungry and homeless fami- committee on Western Hemisphere. He ple in North Carolina have come for- lies. That was before the February 13 indicated earlier that he has spent 35 ward. And this people do not know: it earthquake. years on El Salvador. What he did not was the beginning of their school year. I think it is very important to under- speak to is the fact that those 35 years Their first school day almost, the stand that these people live in des- that he has been providing diapers and earthquake came, and it destroyed over perate fear of continued aftershocks in roofs and schoolhouses and desks were 1,000 of their schools. So I was able to the coming rainy season, which only from his own resources. It is truly a get volunteers in North Carolina to can mean further devastation in their labor of love. I think it is important provide three container-loads of school lives. That psychological fear was truly that our colleagues know that the gen- furniture and three container-loads of palpable. tleman from North Carolina (Chairman baby diapers. I look forward to this After the brutal civil war and the de- BALLENGER) and his wife, Donna, are being able to help those people, be- struction caused by Hurricane Mitch, truly held in high regard by the Salva- cause it truly is a disaster. these latest disasters may seem like doran people.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4045 Of course, I also would be remiss not wife; and as the gentleman from Massa- Madam Speaker, I want to urge the to acknowledge the gentleman from chusetts has indicated, they have done House to go a step further and really Massachusetts (Mr. MOAKLEY), my so much to assist out of their own fi- work in partnership with the country friend and the leader of the Massachu- nancial resources and their own time. of El Salvador. El Salvador has many, setts delegation. His name is as well As a member of the Committee on Fi- many residents here who are hard- known in El Salvador as it is in South nancial Services, we are urging the working taxpayers. Boston, for it was the gentleman from World Bank, the Inter-American Devel- Madam Speaker, I would close my Massachusetts (Mr. MOAKLEY), more opment Bank, and U.S. Agency for statement by also thanking President than any other American, that helped International Development to accen- Bush for granting TPS for an 18-month to bring an end to the bloodshed in El tuate their aid. This Member has been period because it is very important. It Salvador. in contact and will further contact the is in this spirit that I ask my col- So in his absence, I simply want to executive directors of the Inter-Amer- leagues to move forward and ask for acknowledge that and to thank the ican Development Bank and the World more assistance, to the tune of at least gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Bank, as well as the leadership of the $2 billion, for those Salvadorans who MOAKLEY) for his courage, for his lead- former, to see what we can do to be of are in current need of restoration and ership, to let him know that we are assistance. support. proud of him, all of us, and to report to As a member of both the Committee Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I him that the Salvadoran people con- on Financial Services and a member of yield myself such time as I may con- tinue to be profoundly grateful to his the Committee on International Rela- sume to offer to the gentlewoman from contribution to that nation. tions, I urge my colleagues to support California that Myers Shipping Lines, Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I H. Con. Res. 41, and thank my col- out of California and out of the East yield myself such time as I may con- leagues for all they have done in their Coast, will be happy to deliver at a cut sume. efforts in working with the people of El rate, not a free rate, anything that the Madam Speaker, I merely wish to Salvador. gentlewoman might collect in Cali- identify myself with the comments Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I fornia. concerning the gentleman from Massa- yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman Madam Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to chusetts (Mr. MOAKLEY). from California (Ms. SOLIS). the gentlewoman from Virginia (Mrs. Madam Speaker, I ask unanimous Ms. SOLIS. Madam Speaker, I want JO ANN DAVIS). consent that the gentleman from Mas- to thank the Committee on Inter- Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia. sachusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT) be allowed national Relations for bringing this Madam Speaker, as a member of the to control the balance of the time on resolution to the floor. I have a par- Committee on International Relations, the Democratic side. ticular interest in this resolution be- I rise today to speak in support of H. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. cause I represent well over 10,000 Salva- Con. Res. 41. It is a resolution that ex- BIGGERT). Is there objection to the re- dorans who live in my district in Los presses sympathy for the victims of the quest of the gentleman from Cali- Angeles, but more importantly, be- recent and terrible earthquakes in El fornia? cause of the suffering that this poor Salvador. There was no objection. country has endured over the last 10 Madam Speaker, many people are un- Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I years, whether it be civil wars, Hurri- aware and uninformed about the recent yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from cane Mitch, or with the recent earth- earthquakes. On January 13, 2001, the Nebraska (Mr. BEREUTER). quakes which continue in El Salvador. earthquake struck with a terrible I had the opportunity of meeting thunder; and without a doubt the after- 1500 b with the president of El Salvador, math shall be felt for many years. Mr. BEREUTER. Madam Speaker, I along with other colleagues here, to Landslides, mudslides, aftershocks and rise as a Member of the majority of the discuss some of the problems that they tremors continued after the first earth- Committee on Financial Services and face there; and what I ascertained from quake. Then exactly 1 month later on on its behalf to support the resolution, that discussion is that we need to do February 13, a second devastating H. Con. Res. 41, before us which ex- better than just provide $52 million in earthquake shook El Salvador. presses sympathy for the victims of the aid that the President is going to allow El Salvador is a country that is no devastating earthquakes that struck El this year, and more than $58 million in longer itself. It is a country that has Salvador on both January 13 and Feb- the following year. We need to put up been transformed by terrible and irre- ruary 13 and to express our support for at least $2 billion to help to restore versible events. Without our help, it the ongoing aid efforts. that country’s infrastructure. will be unable to recover, and the re- Madam Speaker, I would like to Something that I really want to sult will be thousands upon thousands thank and commend the distinguished share with Members here, in my discus- of displaced persons. gentleman from Virginia (Mr. TOM sion with President Francisco Flores, Throughout our history, Americans DAVIS), for introducing this sense of he mentioned that yes, they are receiv- have always been a people who ex- the Congress resolution and for his ef- ing aid from other countries, far more tended their hands to those in need. forts in bringing this measure to the than from our very own country; and After World War II, we extended our House floor today. one of the problems that they are fac- hands through the Marshall Plan. After As noted, this expresses sympathy to ing is transporting those items and the Korean War, we helped to rebuild the people of El Salvador for the tragic goods and disseminating them in the South Korea. Now after this tragedy, losses which they have incurred. The municipalities. So while we hear that we must help El Salvador. gentleman from California (Mr. LAN- there is a need to coordinate and work Madam Speaker, this concurrent res- TOS) and other Members have referred with different factions of that country, olution accomplishes two basic goals. to the two massive earthquakes and we still find that there is a stifling ef- It expresses our sympathy and soli- the hundreds of aftershocks, and also fect in terms of disseminating that aid. darity with the people of El Salvador. the civil war and the hurricane that I would ask that the United States At the same time, it encourages sup- have been visited upon the people of El and our government work quickly to port for ongoing relief and reconstruc- Salvador. provide humanitarian aid, but human tion assistance offered by the United Those of us who have visited that resource aid as well to help deliver States, other nations, and multi- country over the years have known those particular needed items to those national organizations. about the optimism and especially the many children and elderly and people I am not one to blindly support the energy of the Salvadoran people. No who are now going without protection efforts of these multinational organiza- one knows it better than the gen- over their heads because they have no tions, but in this case the direct recon- tleman from North Carolina and his roof, they have no shelter. struction aid offered by them can only

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4046 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 result in good. At the same time, I the earthquake and aftershocks last mately 1,200 people having been killed, must clarify that I am strongly op- January and February. Our thoughts injuring thousands more, and dis- posed to the United Nations’ popu- are also with those worldwide who have placing over a million individuals. El lation fund effort in El Salvador to dis- committed to lend relief and assistance Salvador has faced unbelievable hard- tribute reproductive health kits. to those affected by this disaster. ships and challenges over the last sev- Madam Speaker, 1,159 people have We in the United States appreciate eral years. Think about Hurricane lost their lives and 70,000 people are the support of other countries when Mitch just 2 years ago, and now two without drinking water. Only by offer- such disasters happen here, and I am deadly earthquakes just seem like a ing the real assistance required and so proud that Americans are among those horrible twist of fate. easily provided by a country with our who are helping El Salvador, both by It is encouraging to see that the Bush resources shall we be able to preserve providing immediate relief but also by administration is granting extension of and expand democracy for our pos- studying what happened during and the temporary protected status for Sal- terity. after the quakes. By increasing our un- vadorans living in the United States. Madam Speaker, now is the time. We derstanding of the mechanics of earth- That affects thousands of Salvadorans must pass House Concurrent Resolu- quakes, we increase our chances of in my district alone, who are working tion 41. The gentleman from Virginia mitigating the damage of future very hard not just to make ends meet (Mr. TOM DAVIS) has given us this op- quakes worldwide. for their own families but to give ev- portunity to extend our own hand in Inevitably, there will be lessons erything they can possibly afford back friendship to a neighbor. We must learned from these disasters, as there to their country people in El Salvador. reach out and grasp theirs. are with others, including our own. It In yesterday’s Washington Post, they Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I is important for us in the United estimated that as much as $2 billion is yield 1 minute to the distinguished States to continue to study these being sent home. gentleman from Maine (Mr. BALDACCI). quakes to help mitigate the risks they Now, that might be one thing if it Mr. BALDACCI. Madam Speaker, I pose. Let us not forget, earthquakes was coming from some constituents, thank the gentleman for yielding me are a threat to nearly 75 million people for example the Irish in America, who this time and for that generous intro- in 39 States in the U.S. by now ought to be doing pretty well, duction. Institutions and Federal programs, but this is coming from the Salva- I would also like to thank the rank- like the National Earthquake Hazard dorans, who are in very low-paid work. ing member from Massachusetts for his Reduction Program, do a credible job I caused a little laugh there; but every- leadership here on the floor, and also of contributing to our store of knowl- body knows it is true, and we ought to for the leadership that the gentleman edge about the causes and effects of do more. But this is coming from peo- from Massachusetts (Mr. MOAKLEY) has earthquakes and can reduce vulner- ple who are really providing underpin- given all of us in regards to El Sal- ability to them through engineering re- ning for our economy. They are cer- vador and so many other issues for a search and new building design. tainly contributing more than they are long time. Technology also holds the promise of taking out of our economy; and yet Madam Speaker, I rise in support of providing additional real-time warning with everything they can afford, they this resolution and offer my strong of an earthquake to countries around are sending it back. support to the people of El Salvador as the world. Indeed, countries working My point is they are doing their part. they rebuild their lives, their homes, together have the potential of improv- We need to do our part for our neigh- and their communities from the havoc ing earthquake advance warnings. Ad- bors. What we really need, as impor- created by two disastrous earthquakes, ditional seconds of advanced warning tant as this resolution of sympathy is, one on January 13 and the other on can mean the mitigation of destruction we need a supplemental of a substan- February 13. These disasters resulted and can mean the difference between tial amount to help the people in El in the deaths of several hundred people, life and death. Our Subcommittee on Salvador. We ought to do it now. We with thousands of injured, and over a Research, in the Committee on put $6 billion into supporting right- million homeless or displaced. Science, will address some of these wing dictatorships. Now that they have I had the opportunity to meet yester- issues at a hearing tomorrow in room a stable economy and society, we ought day with a group of young people in my 2318 at 2 p.m. to provide substantial funds to help our district who are members of a youth The point I make, Madam Speaker, is neighbors. organization affiliated with Peace we must not only help now but develop through Inter-American Action based and share new technology with the rest b 1515 in Bangor, Maine. These students are of the world. The people of El Salvador Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I working with their counterparts in El have shown great courage and strength yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman Salvador to forge practical solutions to in dealing with the effects of this dis- from Maryland (Mrs. MORELLA). a range of domestic and foreign policy aster. They deserve our deep sympathy Mrs. MORELLA. Madam Speaker, I problems. and support, and I join my colleagues thank the gentleman for yielding me Last year, they hosted three young in supporting this resolution. this time, and I thank him for his spon- people from El Salvador, and the group Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I sorship of this legislation, as I also plans to send a delegation there this yield 2 minutes to the distinguished thank the gentleman from Virginia summer. The importance of their mis- gentleman from Virginia (Mr. MORAN). (Mr. TOM DAVIS) and the gentleman sion is heightened by the current ef- Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Madam from Massachusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT), forts to rebuild El Salvador after these Speaker, I thank the distinguished gen- who has also been a leader in this, and devastating earthquakes. tleman from Massachusetts for yield- the gentleman from Massachusetts I urge my colleagues to support this ing me this time, who has shown such (Mr. MOAKLEY) and the others. important humanitarian resolution. an interest throughout Latin America, I am a sponsor of this legislation and Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I and to the gentleman from North Caro- have, like many of my colleagues, been yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from lina (Mr. BALLENGER), who has really to El Salvador and seen the difficulties Michigan (Mr. SMITH). personally extended himself to make a that these very brave people have Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Madam real difference in the lives of millions every single day. To think that they Speaker, I rise today to add my voice of people in Latin America and par- believe in esperanza, hope, dem- to the chorus of voices from this House ticularly in El Salvador. onstrates how brave they are. They be- expressing our condolences to the peo- I am glad to obviously support this lieve in family. They believe in hard ple of El Salvador. Our thoughts and resolution expressing sympathy for the work. They believe in sharing. prayers are with the families, those victims of the devastating earth- I want to join my colleagues in ex- who died, were injured, displaced by quakes, two of them, with approxi- pressing my sympathy for the victims

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4047 and their families of this devastating territory, the emergency response and their country. In October of 1998, the earthquake that struck El Salvador in a strong emotional response from the country was hit by Hurricane Mitch. In January. world, there is no initiative to assist in November of 1999, I traveled with the As of February 2, the National Emer- a longer term with assistance and re- gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. gency Committee of El Salvador re- construction. President Flores has esti- MOAKLEY) to the region of the Lower ported over 1,000 deaths, over 4,000 in- mated that the relief and reconstruc- Lempa River. There we saw firsthand jured, and over 1 million people that tion efforts will cost well over a billion how hard the people, very poor people, have been made homeless. This earth- dollars from the international commu- were working to rebuild their commu- quake was particularly destructive be- nity. nities. Quite frankly, their courage, cause of its widespread impact which El Salvador has a special significance commitment and community spirit was caused damage throughout 12 of the for the American people. Approxi- inspiring. And, while still in the throes country’s 14 provinces. In fact, the mately 1 million Salvadorans live in of recovering from Hurricane Mitch, El earthquake has affected 20 percent of the United States, thousands of them Salvador, in the space of 30 days, was El Salvador’s citizens. in my district, I am proud to say. Our brutally battered not by just one major Emergency relief to our neighbors nations have close historical ties. We earthquake but by two. In addition, has not been sufficient to deal with the should do everything in our power, and over 2,000 aftershocks have rocked this extent of the destruction and human that is significant, everything in our tiny country. suffering that the people of El Salvador power, to provide sustainable develop- We have heard the statistics from continue to endure. Beyond simply pro- ment assistance to lift up the Salva- previous speakers. As the facts come viding emergency relief, the cost of re- doran people out of this devastation. in, the harsh reality is that once again construction will be extensive and long Our distinguished colleague, the gen- the poorest sector of the country, the lasting. In my community, there are tleman from Nebraska (Mr. BEREUTER), most vulnerable, and the rural poor many Salvadorans, many who are now earlier mentioned, and many of us who have suffered the greatest loss in terms American citizens, who are helping. visited El Salvador can agree, about of housing and economic survival. Also, my county and State have joined the optimism and the spirit of the Sal- Nearly 20 percent of the population was forces, just as all Americans should, to vadoran people. They are ready to lift rendered homeless by the two earth- help. themselves up, but they need some quakes, and finding adequate housing I want to commend the President for help. In coordination with the inter- for them will be a major challenge. If his demonstration of kindness to the national community, we must provide we do not do something to help reac- President of El Salvador, Francisco a long-term reconstruction assistance tivate the rural community, the rural Flores, when he granted temporary package aimed at the areas of housing, poor will move even more quickly to protected status to the nationals of El crop assistance, clean water and health the slums of San Salvador and to the Salvador who are currently residing in care. United States. the United States. Madam Speaker, there are many he- To revive the local economy, people We, too, can lend a hand to those suf- roes involved in this effort. I named need houses and help to plant their fering from this tragedy. I encourage the gentleman from Massachusetts next harvest, to restart their small my colleagues to join me in supporting (Mr. MOAKLEY), who has long been a microenterprises and a long-term plan this resolution and any further efforts hero on the subject of El Salvador, ac- to lift them out of poverty. And worse to improve the conditions for our tually joined by his staff person, the is yet to come. Soon the rainy season neighbors in need. gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. will start. Over 570 landslides resulted Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I MCGOVERN), when he was on his staff, from the first earthquake in January. yield 21⁄2 minutes to the distinguished now a hero in the Congress on this More followed the second earthquake. gentlewoman from California (Ms. issue in his own right. I commend This bill calls upon the international PELOSI), who has had a long and abid- them, USAID, the Red Cross, the World community to respond, quickly and ing interest in matters in Central and Bank, UNICEF, the Inter-American De- generously. It also calls upon us all to Latin America and the former ranking velopment Bank, UNDP, OXFAM and respond not only to the urgent emer- member of the Subcommittee on For- World Vision for the important roles gency needs of El Salvador but to com- eign Operations, Export Financing and that they play. mit ourselves to the longer term work Related Programs. I once again commend the gentleman of reconstruction. Ms. PELOSI. Madam Speaker, I from Massachusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT) Madam Speaker, I strongly support thank the gentleman for yielding me for his very important leadership on this call. I want to urgently underscore this time and for his leadership in pro- this issue. the need for the United States to lead viding assistance to the people in El Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, I the international community in the ef- Salvador at this very difficult time. I yield the balance of my time to the fort to rebuild El Salvador by pro- want to commend the gentleman from gentleman from Worcester, Massachu- viding our own long-term and generous North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) as setts (Mr. MCGOVERN), my dear friend contribution to El Salvador’s recovery, well for his leadership on this. It is a and also a leader prior to his coming to reconstruction and development. As very important issue. Congress on issues involving El Sal- my colleague from Virginia said ear- I know about earthquakes, coming vador. lier, the United States played a very from San Francisco, and I know about Mr. MCGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I major role in El Salvador in the 1980s, El Salvador because I have had a long thank my colleague, the gentleman a role, quite frankly, that I questioned interest there. In fact, Madam Speaker, from Massachusetts (Mr. DELAHUNT), whether it was the right role for us to my first speech on the floor was about for yielding me the time and for his in- play, but we owe this country a great El Salvador, following the lead of our credible leadership on this issue. I also deal, and I think the very least we need great chairman then of the Committee want to thank my colleague, the gen- to do is come forward and help them on Rules, the gentleman from Massa- tleman from North Carolina (Mr. during this very difficult time. chusetts (Mr. MOAKLEY). BALLENGER), for his leadership. I rise in support of H. Con. Res. 41, and I The gentleman from Massachusetts I rise in strong support of this resolu- wish to thank the strong bipartisan coalition of (Mr. MOAKLEY) has again exercised tion. members who have worked to bring this bill to leadership, sending a letter signed by I have often thought that the people the floor especially Representative DAVIS of 75 colleagues to President Bush asking of El Salvador are constantly being Virginia, Representatives BALLENGER and for significant multiyear assistance for tested. After having survived more DELAHUNT, Chairman HYDE and Ranking Mem- El Salvador. While there is a strong than 12 years of a brutal civil war, a ber LANTOS. initial response to the crisis, we go peace agreement was reached; and the I have often thought that the people of El through this, those of us in earthquake people of El Salvador began to rebuild Salvador are constantly being tested. After

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4048 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 having survived more than twelve years of a destroyed a large part of the country outside dorans live here, and El Salvador is one of brutal civil war, a peace agreement was San Salvador, killed at least 1,100 people and our closest neighbors. What happens there reached and the people of El Salvador began left at least 1.3 million homeless in a popu- will affect us, and we should do what we can lation of only 6 million. Yet so far the coun- to help our neighbor recover. to rebuild their country. In October 1998, the try that has taken the lead in foreign assist- We applaud the efforts that USAID and country was hit by Hurricane Mitch. In Novem- ance is . . . Spain, which has contributed $25 other agencies of the U.S. government under- ber 1999, I traveled with Congressman JOE million in emergency relief and organized a took in response to the immediate emer- MOAKLEY to the region of the Lower Lempa donor conference in Madrid next month. The gency in El Salvador: sending teams to help River. There, we saw first-hand how hard the United States, in contrast, has offered only dig people out of the rubble, helping with air people—very poor people—were working to $10 million so far; the Bush administration transport to areas blocked off by landslides, rebuild their communities. Quite frankly, their says that any additional aid will have to be providing emergency food packages, pro- drawn from existing aid budgets. courage, commitment and community spirit viding temporary housing, etc. This is a poor showing, given both the But El Salvador faces difficult long-term was inspiring. needs and the past and present ties of the challenges. Housing must be re-built, infra- And, while still in the throes of recovering United States to El Salvador. The earth- structure repaired and replaced. Environ- from Hurricane Mitch, El Salvador, in the quake threatens to reverse years of recent mental problems that increased the severity space of thirty days, was brutally battered not progress: Officials say that some 120,000 of the impact of the earthquake must be ad- by just one major earthquake, but by two. In homes have been destroyed, along with dressed. And the long-term problems of pov- addition, over 2,000 aftershocks have rocked scores of schools, local health clinics, roads erty, especially rural poverty, which have and agricultural crops. Preliminary studies made El Salvador so vulnerable to natural this tiny country. by the United Nations and the U.S. Agency You have heard the statistics from previous disasters, must be overcome. Rebuilding El for International Development suggest that Salvador after the earthquake will require a speakers. As the facts come in, the harsh re- reconstruction costs could rise to $3 billion— long-term commitment by the Salvadoran ality is that once again the poorest sector of or about $2,000 for every person in a country people and the Salvadoran government. the country, the most vulnerable, and the rural where the per capita income is only $1,100. Following Hurricane Mitch in October, poor have suffered the greatest loss in terms Unless a vigorous reconstruction program is 1998, the United States joined with other of housing and economic survival. Nearly 20% launched in the coming months, much of the international donors to make a substantial country’s economy may simply collapse— of the population was rendered homeless by commitment to reconstruction in the region. likely sending a large new wave of refugees In addition to generous financial support, the two earthquakes and finding adequate northward. the donors adopted a set of important prin- housing for them will be a major challenge. If In 1986, when Central America was at war ciples to guide their reconstruction efforts. and a focus of U.S. policy, a smaller earth- we don’t do something to help reactivate the According to these principles, reduction of rural economy, the rural poor will move even quake struck San Salvador. Then-Secretary of State George Shultz immediately visited social and environmental vulnerability, more quickly to the slums of El Salvador and transparency and accountability, decen- to the United States. the country to pledge $50 million in emer- gency aid, and Congress followed up with an- tralization, democracy, debt relief, and To revive the local economy, people need other $98 million in reconstruction funds. human rights are key to the effective recon- houses, and help to plant their next harvest With U.S. help, San Salvador rebuilt and struction and transformation of the region. and to restart their small micro-enterprises, over the next few years successfully ended We believe that the same generosity and the and a long-term plan to lift them out of pov- its war with Marxist insurgents, establishing same principles should guide our response to the earthquake in El Salvador. erty. a democracy that has remained stable. Meanwhile, hundreds of thousands of Salva- We urge you to support mid-term and long- And worse is yet to come. Soon, the rainy term development assistance that will en- season will start. Over 570 landslides resulted dorans have settled in the United States, and the $1.7 billion they send home every year is able economically and environmentally sus- from the first earthquake in January. With the a mainstay of the economy. tainable reconstruction in El Salvador. rains, earth barely holding onto the tops and Salvadoran President Francisco Flores will This will require Congressional support for sides of hills and mountains will slide down on be visiting Washington next week in search increased funding of USAID programs for re- rural communities. The homeless, protected not only of U.S. help for reconstruction but construction in El Salvador over a period of now only by plastic sheeting, will be even an administration decision to grant ‘‘tem- several years. porary protected status’’ to undocumented In addition, it is our view that the exten- more vulnerable to the elements. sive damage and negative effects of the This bill calls upon the international commu- Salvadorans now in the United States. This measure, which would shield Salvadorans earthquake warrant a designation of Tem- nity to respond—quickly and generously. It from deportation and allow them to work le- porary Protected Status (TPS) for El Sal- also calls upon us all to respond not only to gally for a limited time, would likely lead to vador. As you know, Congress has authorized the urgent emergency needs of El Salvador, a large increase in remittances; it was used the Attorney General to grant TPS to na- but to commit ourselves to the longer-term to help Honduras and Nicaragua after Hurri- tionals of a country if they would face ‘‘on- work of reconstruction. cane Mitch in 1998. The Bush administration going armed conflict,’’ ‘‘natural disaster,’’ or I support this call. should embrace this legal relief as well as ‘‘extraordinary temporary conditions’’ if re- substantial new aid—and demonstrate that turned to their homeland. A TPS designation After the 1986 earthquake, President stays deportation of designated nationals Reagan approved $50 million in emergency the United States is committed to an El Sal- vador that is peaceful and democratic, and and grants them work authorization for a aid. Three months later, the Congress ap- not only to one at war. specific amount of time, either six, twelve, proved an additional $98 million. We can do or eighteen months. In this situation, a TPS no less now when the nation-wide effects of FEBRUARY 20, 2001. designation would ensure that Salvadorans the January and February 2001 earthquakes Hon. GEORGE W. BUSH, in this country could work and send impor- are so much more severe than those experi- President of the United States of America, The tant remittances back to relatives in El Sal- enced in 1986. White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, vador to assist in the reconstruction. Thank you for your attention to our con- I want to urgently underscore the need for NW, Washington, DC. DEAR PRESIDENT BUSH: The earthquake cerns, and for your support of our neighbors the United States to lead the international that shook El Salvador on January 13th and in El Salvador. community in the effort to rebuild El Salvador February 13th have had devastating con- Sincerely, by providing our own long term and generous sequences for a country recently hit by Hur- Ambassador Robert E. White, President, contribution to El Salvador’s recovery, recon- ricane Mitch, and only beginning to recover Center for International Policy. struction and development. from twelve years of civil war. More than Jose Artiga, Executive Director, SHARE I urge support of this important bill. 1200 people were killed in the earthquake. Foundation. Raymond C. Offenheiser, President, Oxfam [From the Washington Post, Feb. 23, 2001] Estimates vary about how many homes were destroyed—although recent estimates put America. SUPPORTING EL SALVADOR the number at about 300,000. This means that Rev. Elenora Giddings Ivory, Director, It wasn’t so long ago that day-to-day over a million people, more than 15% of the Washington Office, Presbyterian Church events in El Salvador were capable of com- population, are homeless. Some are living in (USA). manding Washington’s attention. Now even a refugee camps and shelters, and some are Jim Winkler, General Secretary, General major natural disaster in that country close simply sleeping outdoors. There are tremen- Board of Church and Society, United Meth- to our borders can go virtually unheeded. In dous humanitarian needs. odist Church. the past six weeks El Salvador has suffered This tragedy has a special meaning for Raul Yzaguirre, President, National Coun- not one but two large earthquakes that have U.S. citizens—as many as a million Salva- cil of La Raza.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4049 Rev. Bob Edgar, General Secretary, Na- Mr. GUTIERREZ. Madam Speaker, I rise in through Central America, leaving an unbear- tional Council of the Churches of Christ in support of the important resolution considered able toll on an already fragile region. In the the USA. on the Floor of the House today expressing countries of El Salvador, Honduras, and Nica- Nancy Lindborg, Acting CEO, MercyCorps. Father Charles Currie, SJ, Director, Asso- the deep sympathy of Congress for the people ragua, more than 11,000 lives were swept ciation of Jesuit Colleges and Universities. of El Salvador and for the tragic losses suf- away in the rain, winds, and massive land- Rabbi Dan Polish, Director, Commission fered as a result of the earthquakes of Janu- slides that Mitch wrought. In some areas, on Social Action of Reform Judaism. ary 13 and February 13, 2001. more than 70 percent of crops were demol- Rev. John McCullough, Executive Director, I strongly support the continuing and sub- ished. The price tag of that devastating hurri- Church World Service. stantial increase of relief and reconstruction cane soared to more than $4 billion once a full Marie Dennis, Director, Maryknoll Office assistance provided by representatives of the accounting was made. for Global Concerns. Madam Speaker, the people of El Salvador George Vickers, Executive Director, Wash- international community as well as the United ington Office on Latin America. States. never lost hope in the wake of the devastation Kathy Thornton, RSM, National Coordi- As we all know, in a cruel act of fate, two wrought by Mitch. They worked to improve nator, NETWORK, A National Catholic So- powerful earthquakes hit Central America this their lives. They rebuilt roads, and schools, cial Justice Lobby. winter causing catastrophic losses in El Sal- and homes. They began to address the needs Bev Abma, Disaster Response Adminis- vador. The full extent of the damage is still dif- of citizens dealing with painful losses and an trator, Christian Reformed World Relief ficult to fathom. In all, these catastrophic nat- uncertain future. They began to pull them- Committee. ural occurrences left at least 1,200 people selves, with the help of international monetary Tom Hart, Director of Government Rela- and humanitarian assistance. These earth- tions, The Episcopal Church. dead. More than one million people have been Wesley P. Callender, Director, Voices on declared homeless. An estimated 200,000 quakes simply threaten to stifle the develop- the Border. homes were destroyed. Roads and bridges ment and progress El Salvador has made. Jim Matlack, Director, Washington Office were completely washed out or severely dam- We cannot and should not ask the govern- American Friends Service Committee. aged by the landslides. Many school and ment of El Salvador, or their people, to walk Rev. Mark B. Brown, Asst. Director, Inter- health care facilities had to be closed. Run- the path toward recovery alone. We must not national Affairs and Human Rights, Lu- ning and clean water is much needed. Most of turn away from their suffering, but rather must theran Office for Governmental Affairs, the agricultural supply has been severely respond swiftly and effectively. Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. I am pleased that the United States Govern- Dr. John L. Williams, President & CEO, threatened. Moreover, survivors are threat- ened by serious epidemic and disease. Such ment is actively participating in these inter- Holt International Children’s Services. national efforts through the work of USAID. To Steve Bennett, Executive Director, Wit- an environmental disaster has resulted in a date, USAID assistance to El Salvador totals ness for Peace. substantial and immediate disruption of living more than $5 million, the majority of which Linda Shelly, Program Director for Latin conditions in El Salvador and warrants our was allocated for temporary shelter programs. America/Caribbean, Mennonite Central Com- government’s continued support and assist- mittee. In addition, the World Food Programme has ance. In short, the needs of El Salvador at this Dr. Valora Washington, Executive Direc- provided 900 metric tons of rations, the Inter- time are enormous and we need to act ac- tor, Unitarian Universalist Service Com- national Federation of the Red Cross has re- cordingly and generously. mittee. leased $100,000 of disaster relief funds as I applaud the decision announced by the Kathryn Wolford, President, Lutheran well as sent a delegation of relief workers to World Relief. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) assist the 1,200 person Salvadoran Red Paul Montacute, Director, Baptist World following this tragedy to grant Temporary Pro- Cross. Every ounce of help from the inter- Aid, Baptist World Alliance. tected Status (TPS) to all Salvadoran nation- national community helps. Ralston H. Deffenbaugh, President, Lu- als living in this country. This will be a relief theran Immigration and Refugee Service. Madam Speaker, the people of El Salvador William Goodfellow, Executive Director, for many Salvadorans who depend financially need our help. We have assisted many na- Center for International Policy. on their relatives living in the United States. tions in desperate times of need. As a Nation Angela Kelley, Deputy Director, National On March 7, I joined more than fifty of my of immigrants, we are well aware of the strong Immigration Forum. colleagues to ask the President to address the ties between El Salvador and the United Barbara Larcom, Coordinator, Casa Balti- needs of El Salvador in this time of need. We States. Those ties have flourished in our Na- more/Limay. requested that the administration develop a Greg Laszakovits, Director, Church of the tion as the Salvadoran community has grown significant multi-year relief package for El Sal- and prospered. Let us all do our share in help- Brethren, Washington Office. vador, targeted toward areas of housing, crop John Lindsay-Poland, Director, Fellowship ing rebuild and develop the affected areas that of Reconciliation Task Force on Latin Amer- assistance, clean water and health care. We were struck by the earthquake. ica and the Caribbean. suggest that this plan be considered as part of Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Madam Speaker, I Kathy Ogle, Coordinator, Ecumenical Pro- an emergency supplemental appropriations rise to in strong support of H. Con. Res 41, of gram on Central America and the Caribbean bill. We will continue to press the administra- which I am a proud sponsor. This resolution (EPICA). tion to act accordingly. sends an important message of support to the The Rev. Dr. Theodore F. Schneider, The resolution we are adopting today is a people of El Salvador, who are experiencing Bishop, Metropolitan Washington, DC, Synod step in the right direction and one of many Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. great hardship as a result of recent earth- Margaret Swedish, Director, Religious that should be taken by this House to provide quakes. Task Force on Central America and Mexico. a compassionate and generous response from Most of us will never know the heart- Edith Villastrigo, Legislative Director, the United States toward El Salvador to help breaking trauma of losing everything important Women Strike for Peace. maintain the stability of the entire region. to us—possessions, homes, and especially David A. Vela´ squez, President & CEO, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Madam loved ones—within a span of 30 seconds. DBFS International, LLC. Speaker, I rise today to speak on behalf of This resolution is necessary to publicly ex- Rev. Bill Quigly, Missionhurst-CICM, Of- those I represent for the people of El Sal- press our country’s deep sympathy for the fice of the Provincial. vador. I am saddened that El Salvador was Deborah Sanders, Capitol Area Immi- plight of El Salvadorans and to highlight the grants’ Rights, Coalition. struck by the devastating earthquake on Janu- critical need for the timely delivery of much- Martha Pierce, Director, Chicago Metro- ary 13th and February 13th of this year. These needed relief and reconstruction assistance politan Sanctuary Alliance. earthquakes tragically ripped through El Sal- from the international community. Gary Cozette, Director, Chicago Religious vador. The United States is a Nation fortunate Leadership Network on Latin America. Madam Speaker, this earthquake is not the enough to be rich in resources and, I believe, Alice Zachman, Director, Guatemala first time in recent memory that a natural dis- rich in compassion. Therefore, I would like to Human Rights, Commission/USA. aster has brought devastation on such a wide take this opportunity to encourage our own Cristina Espinel and Barbara Gerlach, Co- scale to the people of El Salvador. In addition Chair, Colombia Human Rights Committee. Federal Government and others across the Rev. Kim Erno, Chair, The Latin America to this terrible earthquake, there has also been Nation to join international efforts to provide El Task Force of the Metropolitan Washington, a serious outbreak of dengue fever, which is Salvador with needed resources for recovery. DC, Synod Evangelical Lutheran Church in a very debilitating disease. And it was only In this time of crisis, the Salvadorans have America. two years ago that Hurricane Mitch tore acted with amazing courage and strength. I

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4050 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 urge all of my colleagues to join me in ex- the Inter-American Development Bank and the Accordingly (at 3 o’clock and 25 min- pressing our support to the people of El Sal- international community. utes p.m.), the House stood in recess vador who are trying to rebuild their lives and To this effect, I commend President Bush until approximately 6 p.m. their communities, by passing this resolution. for committing $110 million in relief aid when f Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Madam Speaker, I meeting early this month with the President of 1800 rise in support of the legislation before the El Salvador, Francisco Flores. This is a good b House, H. Con. Res. 41, which speaks on be- beginning but more aid is needed. Also impor- AFTER RECESS half of the good people of El Salvador who are tant has been President Bush’s work permit The recess having expired, the House struggling to recover from two devastating initiative for Salvadoran immigrants, which has was called to order by the Speaker pro earthquakes that struck the nation in January allowed many Salvadorans to continue send- tempore (Mrs. BIGGERT) at 6 p.m. and February of this year. ing home substantial sums for reconstruction f I commend the author of the resolution, the efforts in El Salvador. gentleman from Virginia, Mr. DAVIS, and the Madam Speaker, I urge passage of the APPOINTMENT OF MEMBER TO Chairman and Ranking Democratic Member of measure before us. ABRAHAM LINCOLN BICENTEN- the House International Relations Western Mr. PAUL. Madam Speaker, today I must NIAL COMMISSION Hemisphere Subcommittee, Mr. BALLENGER vote against HCR 41. While I certainly offer The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without and Mr. MENENDEZ, for introducing this impor- my personal sympathy to the victims in El Sal- objection, and pursuant to section 5(a) tant measure. I further commend the Chair- vador, and also join in encouraging relief of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial man and Ranking Democratic Member of the agencies to increase their assistance to these Commission Act (36 U.S.C. 101 NOTE), International Relations Committee, Mr. HYDE individuals, I cannot support this resolution. the Chair announces the Speaker’s ap- and Mr. LANTOS, for their leadership in bring- In the past I have complained that similar pointment of the following Member of ing the legislation to the floor. I am honored to bills have come to the House Floor without the House to the Abraham Lincoln Bi- join our colleagues in expressing concern and going through the committee process. In this centennial Commission: sympathy for the victims of the earthquakes in instance the committees were included and I Mr. LAHOOD of Illinois. El Salvador and to support ongoing aid and applaud the Chairman for ensuring we had an There was no objection. relief efforts. opportunity to discuss this issue at committee. f Madam Speaker, the people of El Salvador I am also grateful to the committee staff who have had more than their share of suffering. In worked with me in helping facilitate that dis- COMMUNICATION FROM HON. RICH- recent decades, El Salvador has been torn cussion. ARD A. GEPHARDT, DEMOCRATIC apart by civil war, a deadly and costly conflict At the subcommittee I introduced an amend- LEADER which claimed the lives of more than 70,000 ment for discussion purposes only. That The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- men, women and children before a peace ac- amendment would have deleted the specific fore the House the following commu- cord was reached in 1992. references to governmental assistance con- nication from RICHARD A. GEPHARDT, A little over two years ago, one of the most tained in this bill. Had that amendment been Democratic Leader: destructive natural disasters ever to hit the re- adopted I could have supported this resolu- CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, gion, Hurricane Mitch, wreaked havoc on El tion. Simply, I believe it is not proper for us to OFFICE OF THE DEMOCRATIC LEADER, Salvador. In the aftermath of Hurricane Mitch’s force taxpayers in this country to provide this Washington, DC, March 20, 2001. 180 mph winds and massive flooding, El Sal- kind of assistance by having the IRS collect Hon. J. DENNIS HASTERT, vador and her neighbors, Nicaragua and Hon- these funds. Next, I believe that the Red Speaker of the House, House of Representatives, duras, lost over 11,000 citizens with damages Cross, for example, would not only be a more Washington, DC. totaling over $4 billion. sympathetic entity for the purposes of col- DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Pursuant to section Madam Speaker, despite these major set- lecting funds used for relief, but also that it 5(a) of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission Act (P.L. 106–173), I hereby ap- backs, the people of El Salvador have worked would be a more efficient distributor of such point the following individual to the Abra- diligently and courageously to rebuild their na- funds than are the plethora of government ham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission: Mr. tion and democracy. It is a tragedy and cruel agencies referenced in this resolution. Phelps, IL. fate that they have had to suffer once again. Mr. BALLENGER. Madam Speaker, I Yours Very Truly, On January 13th of this year, a huge earth- have no further requests for time, and RICHARD A. GEPHARDT. quake registering 7.6 on the Richter Scale I yield back the balance of my time. f struck off the coast of El Salvador, southwest The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. APPOINTMENT OF MEMBER TO of the city of San Miguel. Exactly a month BIGGERT). The question is on the mo- CANADA-UNITED STATES INTER- later, a second crushing earthquake with a tion offered by the gentleman from PARLIAMENTARY GROUP magnitude of 6.6 struck east of San Salvador. North Carolina (Mr. BALLENGER) that Madam Speaker, these devastating earth- the House suspend the rules and agree The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without quakes have taken a tremendous toll on the to the concurrent resolution, H. Con. objection, and pursuant to 22 U.S.C. people of El Salvador and resulted in a hu- Res. 41. 276d, the Chair announces the Speak- manitarian catastrophe. The question was taken. er’s appointment of the following Mem- Over 1,500 Salvadorans have lost their The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the ber of the House to the Canada-United lives, with thousands more injured. At least opinion of the Chair, two-thirds of States Interparliamentary group: 200,000 homes have been destroyed, dis- those present have voted in the affirm- Mr. HOUGHTON of New York, Chair- placing over a million Salvadorans. More than ative. man. fifteen hundred schools and dozens of hos- Mr. DELAHUNT. Madam Speaker, on There was no objection. pitals, as well as essential segments of the that I demand the yeas and nays. f country’s infrastructure including water sys- The yeas and nays were ordered. APPOINTMENT OF MEMBERS TO tems and the Pan-American Highway, have The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE been badly damaged. ant to clause 8 of rule XX and the HARRY S TRUMAN SCHOLARSHIP The destruction to El Salvador is estimated Chair’s prior announcement, further FOUNDATION to exceed $2 billion in costs. proceedings on this motion will be Madam Speaker, I would urge our col- postponed. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without leagues to adopt this legislation which evi- f objection, and pursuant to section 5(d) dences our heartfelt concern for the people of of Public Law 93–642 (20 U.S.C. 2004(b)), El Salvador and their tragic losses. RECESS the Chair announces the Speaker’s ap- The legislation further supports relief efforts The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- pointment of the following Members of of the United States Agency for International ant to clause 12 of rule I, the Chair de- the House to the Board of Trustees of Development for El Salvador’s reconstruction, clares the House in recess until ap- the Harry S Truman Scholarship Foun- along with the assistance of the World Bank, proximately 6 p.m. dation:

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Mrs. EMERSON of Missouri; and Frank LaTourette Rogers (MI) NAYS—2 Frelinghuysen Leach Rohrabacher Mr. SKELTON of Missouri. Goode Paul Frost Lee Ros-Lehtinen There was no objection. Gallegly Levin Ross NOT VOTING—25 Ganske Lewis (CA) Roukema Becerra Manzullo Scarborough f Gekas Lewis (GA) Roybal-Allard Brady (PA) Matsui Gephardt Lewis (KY) Royce Serrano Brown (FL) Millender- ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER Gibbons Linder Ryan (WI) Sisisky Cannon McDonald PRO TEMPORE Gilchrest Lipinski Ryun (KS) Stupak Cramer Moakley Gillmor LoBiondo Sabo Taylor (NC) Fattah Murtha The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Gilman Lofgren Sanchez Thomas ant to clause 8 of rule XX, the Chair Gonzalez Lowey Filner Owens Tiahrt Sanders Hilleary Rothman will now put the question on motions Goodlatte Lucas (KY) Sandlin Vitter Gordon Lucas (OK) Keller Rush to suspend the rules on which further Sawyer Goss Luther Saxton Graham Maloney (CT) b 1826 proceedings were postponed earlier Schaffer Granger Maloney (NY) today. Schakowsky Graves Markey Mr. GUTIERREZ changed his vote Schiff Votes will be taken in the following Green (TX) Mascara from ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ Schrock order: Green (WI) Matheson Scott Mr. BARR of Georgia changed his Greenwood McCarthy (MO) H. Res. 67, by the yeas and nays; and Sensenbrenner vote from ‘‘present’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ H. Con. Res. 41, by the yeas and nays. Grucci McCarthy (NY) Gutierrez McCollum Sessions So (two-thirds having voted in favor The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes Gutknecht McCrery Shadegg thereof) the rules were suspended and the time for any electronic vote after Hall (OH) McDermott Shaw Shays the resolution, as amended, was agreed the first such vote in this series. Hall (TX) McGovern Hansen McHugh Sherman to. Sherwood f Harman McInnis The result of the vote was announced Hart McIntyre Shimkus as above recorded. RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE Hastings (FL) McKeon Shows A motion to reconsider was laid on Hastings (WA) McKinney Simmons OF COMBATTING TUBERCULOSIS Hayes McNulty Simpson the table. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Hayworth Meehan Skeen Stated for: Hefley Meek (FL) Skelton Mr. FILNER. Madam Speaker, on rollcall pending business is the question of sus- Herger Meeks (NY) Slaughter pending the rules and agreeing to the Hill Menendez Smith (MI) No. 51, I was unavoidably delayed by flight resolution, H. Res. 67, as amended. Hilliard Mica Smith (NJ) cancellations. Had I been present, I would The Clerk read the title of the resolu- Hinchey Miller (FL) Smith (TX) have voted ‘‘yea.’’ Hinojosa Miller, Gary Smith (WA) tion. Hobson Miller, George Snyder f The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Hoeffel Mink Solis question is on the motion offered by Hoekstra Mollohan Souder ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER Holden Moore the gentleman from North Carolina Spence PRO TEMPORE Holt Moran (KS) Spratt (Mr. BALLENGER) that the House sus- Honda Moran (VA) Stark The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. pend the rules and agree to the resolu- Hooley Morella Stearns BIGGERT). Pursuant to clause 8 of rule Horn Myrick Stenholm tion, H. Res. 67, as amended, on which Hostettler Nadler XX, the Chair will reduce to 5 minutes the yeas and nays are ordered. Strickland Houghton Napolitano Stump the minimum time for electronic vot- The vote was taken by electronic de- Hoyer Neal Sununu ing on the additional motion to sus- vice, and there were—yeas 405, nays 2, Hulshof Nethercutt Sweeney Hunter Ney pend the rules on which the Chair has not voting 25, as follows: Tancredo postponed further proceedings. Hutchinson Northup Tanner [Roll No. 51] Hyde Norwood Tauscher Inslee Nussle f Tauzin YEAS—405 Isakson Oberstar Taylor (MS) Abercrombie Brady (TX) Davis (CA) Israel Obey EXPRESSING SYMPATHY FOR VIC- Terry Ackerman Brown (OH) Davis (FL) Issa Olver Thompson (CA) TIMS OF DEVASTATING EARTH- Aderholt Brown (SC) Davis (IL) Istook Ortiz Thompson (MS) QUAKES IN EL SALVADOR Akin Bryant Davis, Jo Ann Jackson (IL) Osborne Thornberry Allen Burr Davis, Tom Jackson-Lee Ose Thune The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Andrews Burton Deal (TX) Otter Thurman pending business is the question of sus- Armey Buyer DeFazio Jefferson Oxley Tiberi Baca Callahan DeGette Jenkins Pallone pending the rules and agreeing to the Tierney Bachus Calvert Delahunt John Pascrell concurrent resolution, H. Con. Res. 41. Toomey Baird Camp DeLauro Johnson (CT) Pastor The Clerk read the title of the con- Baker Cantor DeLay Johnson (IL) Payne Towns Baldacci Capito DeMint Johnson, E. B. Pelosi Traficant current resolution. Baldwin Capps Deutsch Johnson, Sam Pence Turner The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Ballenger Capuano Diaz-Balart Jones (NC) Peterson (MN) Udall (CO) question is on the motion offered by Udall (NM) Barcia Cardin Dicks Jones (OH) Peterson (PA) the gentleman from North Carolina Barr Carson (IN) Dingell Kanjorski Petri Upton ´ Barrett Carson (OK) Doggett Kaptur Phelps Velazquez (Mr. BALLENGER) that the House sus- Bartlett Castle Dooley Kelly Pickering Visclosky pend the rules and agree to the concur- Barton Chabot Doolittle Kennedy (MN) Pitts Walden rent resolution, H. Con. Res. 41, on Bass Chambliss Doyle Kennedy (RI) Platts Walsh Bentsen Clay Dreier Kerns Pombo Wamp which the yeas and nays are ordered. Bereuter Clayton Duncan Kildee Pomeroy Waters This will be a 5-minute vote. Berkley Clement Dunn Kilpatrick Portman Watkins The vote was taken by electronic de- Berman Clyburn Edwards Kind (WI) Price (NC) Watt (NC) vice, and there were—yeas 405, nays 1, Berry Coble Ehlers King (NY) Pryce (OH) Watts (OK) Biggert Collins Ehrlich Kingston Putnam Waxman not voting 26, as follows: Bilirakis Combest Emerson Kirk Quinn Weiner [Roll No. 52] Bishop Condit Engel Kleczka Radanovich Weldon (FL) Blagojevich Conyers English Knollenberg Rahall Weldon (PA) YEAS—405 Blumenauer Cooksey Eshoo Kolbe Ramstad Weller Abercrombie Baldwin Berman Blunt Costello Etheridge Kucinich Rangel Wexler Aderholt Ballenger Berry Boehlert Cox Evans LaFalce Regula Whitfield Akin Barcia Biggert Boehner Coyne Everett LaHood Rehberg Wicker Allen Barr Bilirakis Bonilla Crane Farr Lampson Reyes Wilson Andrews Barrett Bishop Bonior Crenshaw Ferguson Langevin Reynolds Wolf Armey Bartlett Blagojevich Bono Crowley Flake Lantos Riley Woolsey Baca Barton Blumenauer Borski Cubin Fletcher Largent Rivers Wu Bachus Bass Blunt Boswell Culberson Foley Larsen (WA) Rodriguez Wynn Baird Bentsen Boehlert Boucher Cummings Ford Larson (CT) Roemer Young (AK) Baker Bereuter Boehner Boyd Cunningham Fossella Latham Rogers (KY) Young (FL) Baldacci Berkley Bonilla

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4052 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 Bonior Gonzalez Lowey Sanders Solis Udall (CO) communities to use community devel- Bono Goode Lucas (KY) Sandlin Souder Udall (NM) opment block grant funds for construc- Borski Goodlatte Lucas (OK) Sawyer Spence Upton Boswell Goss Luther Saxton Spratt Vela´ zquez tion of tornado-safe shelters in manu- Boucher Graham Maloney (CT) Schaffer Stark Visclosky factured home parks, which was re- Boyd Granger Maloney (NY) Schakowsky Stearns Walden ferred to the House Calendar and or- Brady (TX) Graves Markey Schiff Stenholm Walsh dered to be printed. Brown (OH) Green (TX) Mascara Schrock Strickland Wamp Brown (SC) Green (WI) Matheson Scott Stump Waters f Bryant Greenwood McCarthy (MO) Sensenbrenner Sununu Watkins Burr Grucci McCarthy (NY) Serrano Sweeney REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER Burton Gutierrez McCollum Sessions Tancredo Watt (NC) AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 526 Buyer Gutknecht McCrery Shadegg Tanner Watts (OK) Callahan Hall (OH) McDermott Shaw Tauscher Waxman Mr. BRADY of Texas. Madam Speak- Calvert Hall (TX) McGovern Shays Tauzin Weiner er, I ask unanimous consent that my Camp Hansen McHugh Sherman Taylor (MS) Weldon (FL) name be removed as a cosponsor from Cantor Harman McInnis Sherwood Terry Weldon (PA) H.R. 526. My name was mistaken for Capito Hart McIntyre Shimkus Thomas Weller Capps Hastings (FL) McKeon Shows Thompson (CA) Wexler the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Capuano Hastings (WA) McKinney Simmons Thompson (MS) Whitfield ROBERT BRADY). Cardin Hayes McNulty Simpson Thornberry Wicker The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. Carson (IN) Hayworth Meehan Skeen Thune Wilson BIGGERT). Is there objection to the re- Carson (OK) Hefley Meek (FL) Skelton Thurman Wolf quest of the gentleman from Texas? Castle Herger Meeks (NY) Slaughter Tiberi Woolsey Chabot Hill Menendez Smith (MI) Tierney Wu There was no objection. Chambliss Hilliard Mica Smith (NJ) Toomey Wynn f Clay Hinchey Miller (FL) Smith (TX) Towns Young (AK) Clayton Hinojosa Miller, Gary Smith (WA) Traficant Young (FL) IMPROVING SERVICE AND SAFETY Clement Hobson Miller, George Snyder Turner OF FIRE FIGHTERS THROUGH Clyburn Hoeffel Mink Coble Hoekstra Mollohan NAYS—1 THE ACCESS TO THERMAL IMAG- Collins Holden Moore Paul ING CAMERAS ACT Combest Holt Moran (KS) Condit Honda Moran (VA) NOT VOTING—26 (Mr. GRUCCI asked and was given Conyers Hooley Morella Ackerman Gordon Owens permission to address the House for 1 Cooksey Horn Myrick Becerra Hilleary Rothman minute and to revise and extend his re- Costello Hostettler Nadler Brady (PA) Keller Rush marks.) Cox Houghton Napolitano Brown (FL) Manzullo Scarborough Mr. GRUCCI. Madam Speaker, it Coyne Hoyer Neal Cannon Matsui Sisisky takes approximately 28 minutes for re- Crane Hulshof Nethercutt Cramer Millender- Stupak Crenshaw Hunter Ney Dunn McDonald Taylor (NC) sponding fire fighters to search the av- Crowley Hutchinson Northup Fattah Moakley Tiahrt erage home by conventional means, Cubin Hyde Norwood Filner Murtha Vitter Culberson Inslee Nussle which requires fire fighters to crawl on Cummings Isakson Oberstar b 1837 their hands and their knees, feeling for Cunningham Israel Obey victims. Thermal imaging cameras re- Davis (CA) Issa Olver So (two-thirds having voted in favor duce the search time to 2 or 3 minutes, Davis (FL) Istook Ortiz thereof) the rules were suspended and letting fire fighters see through the Davis (IL) Jackson (IL) Osborne the concurrent resolution was agreed Davis, Jo Ann Jackson-Lee Ose darkness to the location of the fire Davis, Tom (TX) Otter to. and, more importantly, to the location Deal Jefferson Oxley The result of the vote was announced of the victims. DeFazio Jenkins Pallone as above recorded. According to the National Fire Data DeGette John Pascrell Delahunt Johnson (CT) Pastor A motion to reconsider was laid on Center, each year in the United States DeLauro Johnson (IL) Payne the table. 5,000 people die and 25,000 are injured in DeLay Johnson, E. B. Pelosi Stated for: fires, and approximately 100 fire fight- DeMint Johnson, Sam Pence Deutsch Jones (NC) Peterson (MN) Mr. FILNER. Madam Speaker, on rollcall ers are killed annually in duty-related Diaz-Balart Jones (OH) Peterson (PA) No. 52, I was unavoidably delayed by flight incidences. Thermal imaging cameras Dicks Kanjorski Petri cancellations. Had I been present, I would can help save the lives of both the vic- Dingell Kaptur Phelps have voted ‘‘yea.’’ tims of a fire and the fire fighters Doggett Kelly Pickering Dooley Kennedy (MN) Pitts f themselves. However, only a handful of Doolittle Kennedy (RI) Platts our Nation’s fire departments can af- Doyle Kerns Pombo REPORT ON RESOLUTION PRO- ford the more than $15,000 for this tech- Dreier Kildee Pomeroy VIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF nology. Duncan Kilpatrick Portman MOTIONS TO SUSPEND THE For this reason, the gentleman from Edwards Kind (WI) Price (NC) Ehlers King (NY) Pryce (OH) RULES Pennsylvania (Mr. WELDON) and I have Ehrlich Kingston Putnam Mr. DIAZ-BALART, from the Com- introduced the Access to Thermal Im- Emerson Kirk Quinn mittee on Rules, submitted a privi- aging Cameras Act, which authorizes Engel Kleczka Radanovich the director of the Federal Emergency English Knollenberg Rahall leged report (Rept. No. 107–23) on the Eshoo Kolbe Ramstad resolution (H. Res. 92) providing for Management Agency, FEMA, to make Etheridge Kucinich Rangel competitive grants to local fire depart- Evans LaFalce Regula consideration of motions to suspend the rules, which was referred to the ments for the purposes of acquiring Everett LaHood Rehberg thermal imaging cameras. Similar leg- Farr Lampson Reyes House Calendar and ordered to be islation was very popular with fire Ferguson Langevin Reynolds printed. Flake Lantos Riley fighting organizations and had over 45 Fletcher Largent Rivers f cosponsors in the 106th Congress. Foley Larsen (WA) Rodriguez Madam Speaker, I ask my colleagues Ford Larson (CT) Roemer REPORT ON RESOLUTION PRO- Fossella Latham Rogers (KY) VIDING FOR CONSIDERATION OF to please join me in providing our local Frank LaTourette Rogers (MI) H.R. 247, TORNADO SHELTER ACT fire fighting departments with the op- Frelinghuysen Leach Rohrabacher portunity to improve the quality of Frost Lee Ros-Lehtinen Mr. DIAZ-BALART, from the Com- their lives and service. Gallegly Levin Ross mittee on Rules, submitted a privi- Ganske Lewis (CA) Roukema f Gekas Lewis (GA) Roybal-Allard leged report (Rept. No. 107–24) on the Gephardt Lewis (KY) Royce resolution (H. Res. 93) providing for SPECIAL ORDERS Gibbons Linder Ryan (WI) consideration of the bill (H.R. 247) to The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under Gilchrest Lipinski Ryun (KS) Gillmor LoBiondo Sabo amend the Housing and Community the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- Gilman Lofgren Sanchez Development Act of 1974 to authorize uary 3, 2001, and under a previous order

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4053 of the House, the following Members Is that not a great way to describe only 5 decades before by Patrick will be recognized for 5 minutes each. democracy? Henry, embodied the Greek patriots’ f The best way to express the feeling of unmitigated desire to be free. the Hellenic community is the Greek News of the Greek revolution met MARKING 180TH ANNIVERSARY OF National Anthem that tells of their with widespread feelings of compassion GREECE’S DECLARATION OF struggle for independence. in the United States. The Founding Fa- INDEPENDENCE FROM THE I thank the Federation of Hellenic thers eagerly expressed sentiments of OTTOMAN EMPIRE Societies of Greater New York for all support for the fledgling uprising. Sev- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a of the contributions they have made to eral American Presidents, including previous order of the House, the gentle- our community and in their efforts to James Monroe and John Quincy woman from New York (Mrs. MALONEY) make each year’s Greek Independence Adams, conveyed their support for the is recognized for 5 minutes. Day celebration more exciting than the revolution through their annual mes- Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Madam last. I know that I will remember this sages to Congress. William Harrison, Speaker, I rise to recognize the coun- year. Zeto E Eleftheria. Long live free- our ninth President, expressed his be- try where democracy was born and dom in Greece and in the entire world. lief in freedom for Greece saying, ‘‘We where democracy returned 180 years must send our free will offering. The f ago. ‘Star-spangled Banner,’ ’’ he went on to March 25, 2001, marks the 180 anni- CELEBRATING GREEK say, ‘‘must wave in the Aegean, a mes- versary of Greece’s declaration of inde- INDEPENDENCE DAY senger for eternity and friendship to pendence from the Ottoman Empire. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. Greece.’’ Before then, Greece had been ruled by BIGGERT). Under a previous order of the Various Members of Congress also the Ottoman Empire for almost 400 House, the gentleman from Florida showed a keen interest in the Greek years, during which time Greeks were (Mr. BILIRAKIS) is recognized for 5 min- struggle for autonomy. Henry Clay, deprived of their civil rights. utes. who in 1825 became Secretary of State, It is with great pride that Hellenic Mr. BILIRAKIS. Madam Speaker, was a champion of Greece’s fight for Americans recount the stories of how today I, too, proudly rise to celebrate independence. Among the most vocal their ancestors in Greece stood to- Greek Independence Day and the was Daniel Webster from Massachu- gether and fought against repression strong ties that bind the nations of setts, who frequently aroused the sym- by continuing to educate Greek chil- Greece and the United States. pathetic interests of his colleagues and dren in their culture, their language, It was 180 years ago when the people other Americans in the Greek revolu- and their religion, even under the of Greece began a journey that would tion. It should not surprise us that the threat of death. mark the symbolic rebirth of democ- Founding Fathers would express such This year, the Federation of Hellenic racy in the land where those principles keen support for Greek independence, Societies of Greater New York has as to human dignity were first espoused. for they themselves had been inspired its parade theme the Hellenic-Amer- The word ‘‘democracy’’ stems from two by the ancient Greeks and their own ican educational system. It is espe- Greek words: ‘‘demos,’’ meaning ‘‘of struggle for freedom. As Thomas Jef- cially important that they are paying the people’’ and ‘‘kratos,’’ meaning ferson once said, ‘‘To the ancient tribute to education, cultural heritage, ‘‘power’’ and ‘‘strength.’’ On this anni- Greeks, we are all indebted for the religious learning, and the Hellenic- versary, it is the power and strength of light which led ourselves, the Amer- American values and ideals that are the Greek people and their courage and ican colonists, out of gothic darkness.’’ taught in the United States Hellenic Our two nations share a brotherhood commitment to the principles of parochial schools. bonded by the common blood of democ- human government and self-determina- racy, birthed by Lady Liberty, and b 1845 tion that we celebrate. committed to the ideal that each indi- Revolutions embody a sense of her- Education has always been the key vidual deserves the right of self-deter- oism, bringing forth the greatness of to preserving Hellenic culture, values, mination. and religion. the human spirit in the struggle We all know that the price of liberty This year I have the honor of being against oppression. It was Thomas Jef- can be very high. History is replete selected grand marshal, along with the ferson who said that, and I quote, ‘‘one with the names of the millions who gentleman from Florida (Mr. BILI- man with courage is a majority.’’ have sacrificed for it. Socrates, Plato, RAKIS), who cochairs the Hellenic Cau- Quoting Jefferson on the anniversary Pericles, and many other great schol- cus with me, and Assemblyman Mi- of Greek independence is particularly ars throughout history warned that we chael Giannaris from New York and appropriate. Jefferson and the rest of maintain democracy only at great cost. California Secretary of State Phillip the Founding Fathers looked back to The freedom we enjoy today is due to a Ajjedilis and Honorary Grand Marshal the teachings of ancient Greek philoso- large degree to the sacrifices made by Lucas Tsilas. We will have the privi- phers for inspiration as they sought to men and women in the past in Greece, lege of marching with many members craft a strong democratic state. And in in America, and all over the world. of my Astoria community, the largest 1821, it was the Founding Fathers of Madam Speaker, on this 180th birth- Hellenic community outside of Athens. our Nation to whom the Greeks looked day of Greek independence, when we The Hellenic and Phil-Hellenic com- for inspiration as they began their celebrate the restoration of democracy munity has a great deal to celebrate. journey toward freedom. to the land of its conception, we also They will celebrate the coming Olym- Encouraged by the American revolu- celebrate the triumph of the human pics and the continued efforts of the tion, the Greeks began their rebellion spirit and the strength of man’s will. Hellenic Caucus to seek a peaceful un- after 4 centuries of Turkish oppression, The goals and values that the people of derstanding with Turkey on the issues facing what appeared to be insur- Greece share with the people of the of the Greek Islands and Cyprus occu- mountable odds. Like the United United States reaffirm our common pation. Here in the United States, we States, Greece faced the prospect of democratic heritage. This occasion often take democracy for granted. In having to defeat an empire to obtain also serves to remind us that we must the world, there are still countries liberty. Many lives were sacrificed at never take for granted the right to de- fighting for basic human rights. On the altar of freedom. In the face of im- termine our own fate. this day of Greek independence, let us pending defeat, the Greek people Remembering the sacrifice of the remember the words of Plato, and I showed great courage and rallied brave Greeks who gave their lives for quote: ‘‘Democracy is a charming form around the battle cry, ‘‘Eleftheria I liberty helps us all realize, Madam of government, full of variety and dis- Thanatos,’’ liberty or death. Speaker, how important it is to be an order, and dispensing a kind of equality Similar words, ‘‘Give me liberty or active participant in our own democ- to equals and unequals alike.’’ give me death,’’ spoken in America racy, and that is why we honor those

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4054 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 who secured independence for Greece so Greek leaders, but the intent of the society they learned that Turkish troops were fast ap- many years ago. was to seek freedom for Greece and her peo- proaching their village, they began to dance Madam Speaker, today I proudly rise to cel- ple. the ‘‘Syrtos,’’ a patriotic Greek dance. One by ebrate Greek Independence Day and the The group planned a secret uprising for one, rather than face torture or enslavement at strong ties that bind the nation of Greece and 1821 to be led by Ypsilantis. He and 4,500 the hands of the Turks, they committed sui- the United States. volunteers assembled near the Russian border cide by throwing themselves and their children One hundred and eighty years ago, the peo- to launch an insurrection against the Turks. off Mount Zalongo. They chose to die rather ple of Greece began a journey that would The Turkish army massacred the ill-prepared than surrender their freedom. mark the symbolic rebirth of democracy in the Greek volunteers, and Ypsilantis was caught The sacrifice of the Suliotes was repeated in land where those principles to human dignity and placed in prison, where he subsequently the Arkadi Monastery of Crete. Hundreds of were first espoused. The word democracy died. However, the first bells of liberty had non-combatants, mainly the families of the stems from two Greek words; demos, meaning been rung, and Greek independence would Cretan freedom fighters, had taken refuge in of the people, and kratos, meaning power and not be stopped. the Monastery to escape Turkish reprisals. strength. On this anniversary, it is the power When news of Greeks uprisings spread, the The Turkish army was informed that the Mon- and strength of the Greek people and their Turks killed Greek clergymen, clerics, and laity astery was used by the Cretan freedom fight- courage and commitment to the principles of in a frightening display of force. In a vicious ers as an arsenal for their war material, and human government and self-determination that act of vengeance, the Turks invaded the is- they set out to seize it. As the Turkish troops we celebrate. land of Chios and slaughtered 25,000 of the were closing in, the priest gathered all the ref- Revolutions are often violent affairs. They local residents. The invaders enslaved half the ugees in the cellar around him. With their con- come about when a people, who have too island’s population of 100,000. sent, he set fire to the gunpowder kegs stored long suffered under the yoke of oppression Althought many lives were sacrificed at the there, killing all but a few. The ruins of the and been denied the very basic tenets of altar of freedom, the Greek people rallied Arkadi Monastery, like the ruins of our Alamo, human dignity, rise up in the name of self-de- around the battle cry ‘‘Eleftheria I Thanatos’’— still stand as a monument to liberty. termination. The concepts of self-determina- liberty or death. Those same words, spoken in News of the Greek revolution met with wide- tion and revolution were first espoused by the America only five decades before by Patrick spread feelings of compassion in the United ancient Greek philosophers. Men such as Ar- Henry, who said: ‘‘Give me liberty or give me States. The Founding Fathers, eagerly ex- istotle, Socrates, Plato, and Euripides devel- death,’’ embodied the Greek patriots’ unmiti- pressed sentiments of support for the fledgling oped the then-unique notion that men could, if gated desire to be free. uprising. Several American Presidents, includ- Another heroic Greek whom many believe left to their own devices, lead themselves rath- ing James Monroe and John Quincy Adams, was the most important figure in the revolution er than be subject to the will of a sovereign. conveyed their support for the revolution was Theodoros Kolokotronis. Kolokotronis was It was Aristotle who said: ‘‘We make war that through their annual messages to Congress. the leader of the Klephts, a group of rebellious we may live in peace.’’ On March 25, 1821, William Harrison, our ninth president, ex- and resilient Greeks who refused to submit to Archbishop Germanos of Patras embodied the Turkish subjugation. Kolokotronis used military pressed his belief in freedom for Greece, say- spirit of those words when he raised the flag strategy he learned while in the service of the ing: ‘‘We must send our free will offering. ‘The of freedom and was the first to declare Greece English Army to organize a force of over 7,000 Star-spangled Banner’ must wave in the Ae- free. men. The Klephts swooped down on the Turks gean . . . a messenger of fraternity and Revolutions also embody a sense of her- from their mountain strongholds, battering their friendship to Greece.’’ oism, bringing forth the greatness of the oppressors into submission. Various Members of Congress also showed human spirit in the struggle against oppres- One battle in particular, where Kolokotronis a keen interest in the Greeks’ struggle for au- sion. It was Thomas Jefferson who said that, led his vastly outnumbered forces against the tonomy. Henry Clay, who in 1825 became ‘‘One man with courage is a majority.’’ Quoting Turks, stands out. The Turks had invaded the Secretary of State, was a champion of Jefferson on the anniversary of Greek inde- Peloponnese with 30,000 men. Kolokotronis Greece’s fight for independence. Among the pendence is particularly appropriate. Jefferson, led his force, which was outnumbered by a most vocal was Daniel Webster from Massa- and the rest of the Founding Fathers, looked ratio of 4 to 1, against the Turkish army. A chusetts, who frequently roused the sympa- back to the teachings of ancient Greek phi- fierce battle ensued and many lives were lost, thetic interest of his colleagues and other losophers for inspiration as they sought to but after a few weeks, the Turks were forced Americans in the Greek revolution. craft a strong democratic state. And in 1821, to retreat. Kolokotronis is a revered Greek It should not surprise us that the Founding it was the Founding Fathers of our nation to leader, because he embodied the hopes and Fathers would express such keen support for whom the Greeks looked for inspiration as dreams of the common man, while displaying Greek independence, for they themselves had they began their journey toward freedom. extraordinary courage and moral fiber in the been inspired by the ancient Greeks in their The history of Greek Independence, like that face of overwhelming odds. own struggle for freedom. As Thomas Jeffer- of the American Revolution, is filled with many Athanasios Diakos was another legendary son once said, ‘‘To the ancient Greeks . . . stories of courage and heroism. There are hero, a priest, a patriot, and a soldier. He led we are all indebted for the light which led our- many parallels between the American and 500 of his men in a noble stand against 8,000 selves . . . American colonists, out of gothic Greek Revolutions. I would like to take the op- Ottoman soldiers. Diakos’ men were wiped out darkness.’’ Our two nations share a brother- portunity to recount some of these tales with and he fell into the enemy’s hands, where he hood bonded by the common blood of democ- you now. was severely tortured before his death. He is racy, birthed by Lady Liberty, and committed Encouraged by the American Revolution, the image of a Greek who gave all for love of to the ideal that each individual deserves the the Greeks began their rebellion after four faith and homeland. right to self-determination. centuries of Turkish oppression, facing what While individual acts of bravery and leader- We all know that the price of liberty can be appeared to be insurmountable odds. Both na- ship are often noted, the Greek Revolution very high—history is replete with the names of tions faced the prospect of having to defeat an was remarkable for the bravery and fortitude the millions who have sacrificed for it. Soc- empire to obtain liberty. And if Samuel Adams, displayed by the typical Greek citizen. This he- rates, Plato, Pericles, and many other great the American revolutionary leader who lighted roic ideal of sacrifice and service is best dem- scholars throughout history warned that we the first spark of rebellion by leading the Bos- onstrated through the story of the Suliotes, vil- maintain democracy only at great cost. The ton Tea Party, had a Greek counterpart, that lagers who took refuge from Turkish authori- freedom we enjoy today is due to a large de- man would be Alexander Ypsilantis. ties in the mountains of Epiros. The fiercely gree to the sacrifices made by men and Ypsilantis was a Greek who was born in patriotic Suliotes bravely fought the Turks in women in the past—in Greece, in America, Istanbul, and whose family was later exiled to several battles. News of their victories spread and all over the world. Russia. Ypsilantis served in the Russian army, throughout the region and encouraged other Madam Speaker, on this 180th birthday of and it was there, during his military service, villages to revolt. The Turkish Army acted Greek Independence, when we celebrate the that he became involved with a secret society swiftly and with overwhelming force to quell restoration of democracy to the land of its con- called the ‘‘Philike Hetairia’’ which translated the Suliote uprising. ception, we also celebrate the triumph of the means ‘‘friendly society.’’ The ‘‘friendly soci- The Suliote women were alone as their hus- human spirit and the strength of man’s will. ety’’ was made up of merchants and other bands battled the Turks at the front. When The goals and values that the people of

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4055 Greece share with the people of the United of freedom and independence for the people of Greek Independence. I want to thank Con- States reaffirms our common democratic herit- of Greece. Like the Fourth of July, Greek gressman BILIRAKIS and Congresswoman age. This occasion also serves to remind us Independence Day reminds us of our duty to MALONEY for their leadership in organizing to- that we must never take for granted the right defend freedom—whatever the cost. day’s tributes. They are an inspiration to all of to determine our own fate. Every year at this time, my colleagues and us in Congress. As Aristotle stated: ‘‘If liberty and equality, I reflect and remember the great influence Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Madam as is thought by some are chiefly to be found Greece and Greek democracy had on the Speaker, it is with great pride that I join with in democracy, they will be best attained when founders of the United States. This year, I my colleagues in celebration of the 180th an- all persons alike share in the government to would like to underscore the fact that Greece, niversary of Greek independence. At this time, the utmost.’’ the first democracy, continues its march to be- I would like to thank my colleagues from Flor- Remembering the sacrifice of the brave come fully integrated into the European Union. ida and New York who have once again Greeks who gave their lives for liberty helps On January 1, 2001, Greece became the shown great leadership in initiating this Spe- us all realize how important it is to be an ac- twelfth member of the European Monetary cial Order and organizing the Congressional tive participant in our own democracy. That is Union—the euro-zone. Shops in Greece, Caucus on Hellenic Issues. why we honor those who secured independ- ahead of the required deadlines, are already Greece has often been called the ‘‘cradle of ence for Greece so many years ago. displaying prices in the old drachmas and new democracy,’’ and rightfully so. In an address Ms. PELOSI. Madam Speaker, I rise today euros. Euro banknotes will begin to circulate in that could have been written by one of our in honor of the 180th anniversary of the revo- January 2002, with the drachma, Europe’s old- founding fathers, Pericles wrote over 2,000 lution that freed the Greek people from the est currency, ceasing to be legal tender the years ago, ‘‘Our Constitution is called a de- Ottoman Empire. Although there are no final following March. I myself am sentimental mocracy because power is in the hands not of victories in the long struggle to extend the about seeing an end to the drachma, but I ad- the minority, but of the whole people . . . equal principles of equality and democracy, we mire and respect the economic progress and before the law.’’ The dream that was born so should take advantage of this opportunity to financial stability Greece has demonstrated in many years ago in ancient Athens is still alive celebrate the triumphs of freedom over tyr- order to meet the criteria of membership in the and well today, here in the United States, and anny. European Monetary Union. around the world. I would like to thank the co-Chairs of the The recent achievements of the Greek Without the example of Greece, the United Congressional Caucus on Hellenic Issues, economy were praised by the U.S. Ambas- States might not even be in existence today. Congresswoman CAROLYN MALONEY and Con- sador to Greece, Nicholas Burns, at a late- As we looked to them for inspiration and guid- gressman MICHAEL BILIRAKIS, for their efforts January business conference in Thessaloniki. ance in our early, fragile years, so they looked to organize these statements for Greek Inde- Greece, he said, was an example to all its to us on March 25, 1821, when they shook off pendence Day. For almost 400 years (1453–1821), the northern neighbors who look forward to mem- the repressive bonds of the Ottoman Empire Greek people lived under the brutal domina- bers in the European Union. Ambassador and declared themselves a democracy once tion of the Ottoman Empire. This dark period Burns spoke of the interest now evidenced by again. Since then, they have developed into a was characterized by the denial of all civil American businesses in investment in Greece, strong ally and stabilizing force in their region rights, the closing of Greek schools and especially its northern region. U.S. invest- of the world. churches, and rampant kidnappings of Chris- ments in Greece currently total $2.2 billion, The United States has felt the impact of tian and Jewish children. The Greek Revolu- while bilateral trade increased by some 20 Greece in many other ways, most notably in tion marked the beginning of the struggle that percent. the dedication and hard work of its sons and freed the Greek people and reestablished de- So we celebrate today not just the glorious daughters who have immigrated to our nation. mocracy in Greece. past of Greece, but the promising future. These immigrants have contributed greatly to Since their war of independence, Greece I also want to say a few words about the their communities. In my home state of Rhode has been a strong ally to the United States. In contributions of Greek-Americans to our own Island, there are thriving Greek communities in turn, the U.S. has opened its heart to mul- society and communities. In Worcester, there Providence, Pawtucket and Newport. There— titudes of Greek immigrants. The contributions is no better example of this rich heritage than as they have done across the United States— of the Greek community in the United States the parish of St. Spyridon Greek Orthodox they became active participants in their com- are immeasurable. Greek-Americans have Church and the leadership of the Reverend munity, and we are richer today because of played a significant role in all aspects of Dean N. Paleologos. Located at 102 Russell their great contributions. American life including our arts, sports, medi- Street in Worcester, Massachusetts, St. Because of all that Greece has given to not cine, religion, and politics. In the House of Spyridon is known for its many services and only the United States, but also the entire Representatives, the children of Greek immi- contributions to the community. In addition to world, it is fitting that we honor our strong ally grants have brought their legacy and inspira- running two schools and hosting a food bank, and its sons and daughters within our nation. tion. Congress has been made a better place the church is the home for a number of neigh- Once again, I commend my colleagues for for their contributions. borhood gatherings and meetings where plans their dedication in making this annual Special In San Francisco, the Greek-American com- are made to meet the needs of the commu- Order possible, and look forward to continuing munity is a vital, historic, and vibrant compo- nity. Father Paleologos is an active member in my work with the Hellenic Caucus. nent of our world-renowned diversity. The so- the Worcester Interfaith Council, a coordi- Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Madam Speaker, a dec- cial fabric of San Francisco has benefited from nating group for public action and service by laration of independence is much more than the civic leadership of our late Mayor George the religious community. one man standing his ground against another, Christopher, former Mayor and HUD Regional And St. Spyridon’s parish also knows how or a woman raising a flag in protest, or even Director Art Agnos, and former Golden Gate to celebrate Greek Independence and Greek signatures on a written statement. A declara- Bridge District Board Member Stephan C. heritage. Every two years, more than 60,000 tion of independence is the heart and soul of Leonoudakis. visitors participate in the church’s Greek Fes- democracy. Throughout history, people have Ancient and modern Greece stand as exam- tival. This year, on March 25, the Worcester stood in the face of oppression and demanded ples to people around the world of overcoming Greek community will join the Greek Parade in to be heard. tyranny. They taught the world that the su- Boston, which is supported by the Greek Con- It was ancient Greece that originated the preme power to govern is vested in the people sulate, many Greek and American organiza- basic concept of democracy, in which the su- through self-governance. Wherever tyranny tions, and by the Metropolitan Metahodios. On preme power to govern is vested in the peo- and ethnic cleansing occur, the principles of April 1, 2001, St. Spyridon’s Greek School will ple. The United States adopted this philosophy equality and democracy are also under siege. celebrate Greek Independence Day with a in the framing of our government, and in 1821 As a member of the Congressional Caucus special Doxology, honoring both Greece and your ancestors enshrined this philosophy in on Hellenic Issues, I am proud to stand in rec- America, and by hosting a community program their pursuit of freedom. ognition of the 180th anniversary of Greek of poetry, songs and traditional dances. On March 25, 1821, the Greek people de- Independence Day. On behalf of the more than 1,000 families of clared their independence from the Ottoman Mr. McGOVERN. Madam Speaker, I rise Worcester who celebrate their Greek heritage, Empire. Although true freedom was not today and to speak with pride about 180 years I am honored to be able to support 180 years earned for many years, it was March 25, 1821

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4056 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 that will be remembered for all time. These the games attracted about 245 athletes to par- friendly competition, and we can come to- brave men and women will forever remain a ticipate in 43 events. At the Sydney 2000 gether in friendship even during the most dif- symbol to the people of Greece and to many Games, more than 10,000 athletes took part in ficult of times. With that, I would like to thank around the globe. 300 events. The Olympic Movement has sur- my colleagues for holding this special order The United States and Greece have been at vived wars, boycotts and terrorism to become and once again congratulate Greece on the the forefront of efforts to promote freedom, de- a symbol of the ability of the people of all na- anniversary of its independence and all of the mocracy and human rights throughout the tions to come together in peace and friend- gifts it has given us. world. These common ideals have forged a ship. And in 2004, the games return to their Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Madam Speaker, I bond between the people of Greece and the home. rise today to celebrate the 180th anniversary United States. It is only appropriate that Amer- Madam Speaker, I am proud to represent a of Greek independence. One hundred and ica join in celebration with all Greek-Ameri- large and active Greek-American community eighty years ago, after nearly 400 years of op- cans on this special occasion. in the Fifth District of Massachusetts. U.S. par- pression under the Ottoman Empire, the cour- It is important to teach America’s youth ticipation in Cyprus settlement efforts, the fight age and commitment to freedom of the Greek about the many different backgrounds that for freedom and human rights for the people people prevailed in a revolution for independ- combine to create our American Heritage, and of Cyprus, the inclusion of Greece in the Visa ence. It is an honor today to celebrate Greek today it is appropriate to highlight Greek- Waiver Pilot Program, and the presentation of Independence Day in the House of Represent- American heritage. the Congressional Gold medal to His All Holi- atives. We have reached a period in time that rivals ness Patriarch Bartholomew have all been pri- Greece and the Greek people have made no other. There are more democratic nations orities for the Greek-American community and remarkable contributions to the United States than ever before, but we must continue to worthy initiatives I’ve been proud to support. I and societies throughout the world. The make certain that those people still living will continue to fight for the interests of Greece achievements of Greek civilization in art, archi- under the hand of oppressive governments, and Greek-Americans and encourage other tecture, science, philosophy, mathematics, and such as the occupied 40% of the beautiful is- Members of Congress to join me. literature have become legacies for nations land of Cyprus, have the tools and resources Mr. LANGEVIN. Madam Speaker, I rise across the globe. In addition, and most impor- necessary to achieve their own self-determina- today in proud recognition of the 180th anni- tantly, the Greek commitment to freedom and tion. versary of Greek Independence. This is a the birth of democracy remains an essential I would like to extend my best wishes to all great day, for it commemorates the return of contribution for which we as Americans are Greek-Americans on this day of celebration. democracy to this, the cradle of Western Civili- eternally grateful. Mr. MEEHAN. Madam Speaker, I rise today zation, after nearly four hundred years of for- Greek civilization has inspired the American in celebration of Greek independence from the eign trade. passion for truth, justice, and the rule of law Ottoman Empire. March 25, 2001 will mark the Greece has always been proud and inde- by the will of the people. The forefathers of 180th anniversary of the start of Greece’s pendent by nature. Its people were a powerful our nation recognized the spirit and idealism struggle for independence from the Turks. force both culturally and militarily, as evi- of ancient Greece when fighting for American The struggle of the Greek people against denced by the works of Homer and the mul- independence and drafting our Constitution. the Ottoman Empire exemplifies the remark- titude of Greek philosophers. The pinnacle of Forty-five years after our own revolution for able ability of a people to overcome all obsta- Greek influence was Alexander the Great and independence, this tradition and commitment cles if the will to endure is strong enough and his unification of the eastern Mediterranean to freedom was carried forward by the Greek the goal, freedom, bright enough. and ancient Middle East. Greek culture was people through their successful revolutionary The parallels between the United States and spread throughout the new empire and for the struggle for sovereignty. Greece are substantial. American political first time, people were communicating with a Greek Americans can take pride today in thought was influenced just as much by Greek common language, sharing ideas in a way the contributions of Greek culture and in their philosophy as the Greek revolution of 1821 never before possible. This hellenization was ancestors’ sacrifice. The effects of the vibrant was inspired by the American fight for freedom an idea that transformed every place it Greek people can be witnesses throughout the in 1776. In fact, Greek intellectuals used the touched. United States in our government, culture, and U.S. Constitution as the basis for its own con- Nearly two thousand years later, another im- economy, as well as in our commitment to stitution in the 1820’s. portant concept from ancient Greece came to freedom and democracy throughout the world. Moreover, the common struggles of our the forefront of modern thought. The concept We, as Americans, are grateful for these gifts. countries have given rise to a bond that spans of ‘‘rule by the people,’’ an alien idea in a time Madam Speaker, it is important for us to the generations. The United States and still dominated by kings and queens, gained recognize and celebrate this day together with Greece have long-standing historical, political, prominence in the young United States. This Greece to reaffirm our common democratic and cultural ties based on a common heritage, was the desire of the framers of our Constitu- heritage. I am proud to join in this celebration shared democratic values, and alliances dur- tion, and they found their inspiration in the and offer my congratulations to Greece and ing World War II, the Korean War, the Cold principles of the polis of Athens. Greeks throughout the world on this very spe- War and the Persian Gulf War. Thirty years later, in 1821, spurred on by cial day. Greece is a country of 11.5 million citizens. the American example, the people of Greece Mr. ACKERMAN. Madam Speaker, I would Its gross domestic product measures approxi- acted upon a desire to be free. The Ottoman like to add my voice to those of my colleagues mately $120.25 billion per year, and it is esti- Turks had conquered the region in 1453, in the House of Representatives in celebration mated that Greece’s economy will grow at a bringing an end to over a thousand years of of Greek Independence Day, March 25th. All rate of five percent annually over the next few rule by the Orthodox-Christian Byzantine Em- of us who love liberty are justified in noting years. Furthermore, Greece has major export pire and its resurgence of Greek culture. After this important day. Greece is the birthplace of markets in the United States, Germany, Italy, a bloody eleven-year war, Greece was finally the democratic ideal, the principle upon which France and the United Kingdom. And as we free once again. all our work here depends. The genius of the all know, Greece has among the richest cul- In the modern era, one of the most impor- American republic and the concept of liberty, tural histories of all nations. The Greek lan- tant reminders of Greek heritage is the Olym- which sustained our fight for independence, guage dates back at least 3,500 years and pic Games, which are finally returning to their cannot be separated from the great works of university education, including books, is free. origins in Athens in 2004 for the 25th Summer the philosophers of ancient Greece. The citizens of Greece are now preparing to Olympic Games. Every four years, the Olym- Every ethnic group in the United States can host the 2004 Olympic Games, an honor that pics have symbolized peace and excellence claim a special bond to our nation’s essence. holds particular historical significance for them. for people the world over, reassuring us that But Greek-Americans can take special pride in Beginning in 776 B.C., the Olympic Games even the smallest nation can compete on an knowing that our constitution’s organizing prin- were held in the valley of Olympia in Greece equal ground with the largest country. ciple, ‘‘a government of the people, by the every four years for almost 1200 years. The Madam Speaker, it is this feeling that I be- people and for the people’’ came to our modern Olympic Games were created by lieve is the greatest contribution Greece has shores from the heart of the Aegean. Baron Pierre de Coubertin and inspired by the given to our world. We are all equal, whether Madam Speaker, Greece has been a friend ancient games. First staged in 1896 in Athens, it is in our democratic government, or in and ally to the United States longer than many

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4057 countries have been in existence. And, pendence Day is a celebration for both Greek descent; it is a day that should also honor our through immigration, our nation has been the and American freedom. own nation’s democratic principles. great beneficiary of the strength, wisdom and I would like to thank the other members of Greece and the United States have shared creativity of Greece’s sons and daughters. Mil- the Congressional Caucus on Hellenic Issues, a common past. We have fought wars to- lions of Americans who can trace their family and particularly the co-chairs, my friend, the gether, we are NATO partners, we maintain roots back to Greece have contributed in gentleman from Florida (Mr. BILIRAKIS) and my sound diplomatic relations. We are successful countless ways, large and small, to the great- friend, the gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. partners on the world stage. ness, prosperity and harmony of the United MALONEY), for their efforts in organizing this fit- The citizens of the United States are eager States. ting tribute. to celebrate the Games of the 28th Olympiad I believe the influence of Greece on our na- Mr. SHERMAN. Madam Speaker, on March in Athens. tion is underappreciated because it is so ubiq- 25th, 1821, 180 years ago this week, the Therefore, all Americans celebrate Greek uitous. We see it in our nation’s architecture, Greek people declared their independence, Independence Day, for it is the commemora- it surrounds us in our theater and humanities, throwing off the yoke of four centuries of Otto- tion of all that we believe in, and all that our it is instilled in our national intellect at all of man oppression. forefathers fought for—life, liberty, and the our great universities. We need only look Greek freedom fighters looked to the Amer- pursuit of happiness. around this chamber to sense how critical ican revolution and American democracy for Mrs. MORELLA. Madam Speaker, I rise Greece’s legacy to our country has been. inspiration, and adopted their own declaration today in recognition of Greek Independence Madam Speaker, I want to thank my col- of independence. Our Founding Fathers in Day. One hundred and eighty years ago leagues, Representative MICHAEL BILIRAKIS turn were guided by the democratic principles Greece began the struggle against the Otto- and Representative CAROLYN MALONEY, for that first arose in Greece. They took to heart man empire that would lead to their independ- helping to organize this salute to Greek Inde- the ideals of ancient Greece, the birthplace of ence. Americans have celebrated our connec- pendence Day. I know that the whole House democracy. tion with Greece throughout our history. Thom- will join me in congratulating the Greek peo- This is a day for us to reflect on the vital al- as Jefferson once said, ‘‘. . . To the ancient ple, and all Americans of Hellenic descent, on liance between Greece and the United States Greeks . . . we are all indebted for the light and to pay our debt to Hellenic ideals and to this special occasion. which led ourselves [American colonists] out Mrs. KELLY. Madam Speaker, I rise today Hellenic culture. It is a day for Greek Ameri- of Gothic darkness.’’ to join my colleagues to commemorate the cans to take pride in the independence of Our nations have a common democratic 180th Anniversary of the Greek revolution. In Greece and in the ancient culture of all Hel- bond that have led us to look to one another 1821, the Greeks, after nearly 400 years of lenes. for examples for our governing bodies. It is of Since its liberation, Greece has stood by slavery under the Ottoman Empire took up course the philosophies of the ancient Greeks America. It is my hope and belief that the arms and fought for their freedom. March 25, that inspired our founding fathers to pursue United Sates will continue to stand by its ally. 1821 marked the beginning of this Greek revo- freedom through the Declaration of Independ- Greece is one of three nations in the world be- lution and their struggle for independence. ence. In turn it is this same document that the yond the former British Empire that has been For many centuries, Greece, the birthplace Greeks used to declare their freedom from the allied with the United States in every major of democracy, was subject to foreign domina- Ottoman Empire. international conflict of this century. One out of tion and political control under the Ottoman It is not only our form of government that we every 9 Greeks lost their lives fighting the Empire. Unfortunately, the Greeks did not have learned from the Greeks. One only has Nazis during World War II. And through U.S. enjoy the freedoms given in a democracy and to look around our nation’s capital to see how generosity, through the Marshall plan, Greece so, with a strong determination for liberty, they we have been influenced by Greek art. From was able to rebuild its war-ravaged economy. began a lengthy crusade. When the fighting We must also remember that there remain the Capitol building to the Lincoln and Jeffer- began, Greece came under fire in several problems in the eastern Mediterranean, prob- son Memorials, we have incorporated their areas ranging from its Northern province of lems between Greece and the successor to its styles. In addition, a large part of our culture Macedonia, to a near-war that began over the former colonial master, Turkey. We must work has been shaped by ancient Greek philosophy island of Imia near the coast-land of Turkey. to bring peace to the Aegean and the eastern and their approach to science. In recent his- The prospects for the rebels’ success were Mediterranean. tory Greece has been 1 of only 3 nation’s that not always promising. In fact, they were aided I hope that our new Administration will use have allied with the United States in every by several of their European neighbors who its considerable influence with Ankara to con- major international conflict. During World War came to their assistance. England, France and vince the leadership there to support a peace- II, 600,000 Greeks gave their lives in the fight Russia sent their naval fleets to help defuse ful and just resolution to the outstanding prob- for freedom. the Egyptian navy, which was helping the lems between our two allies. Most importantly, The contributions that Greek-Americans Ottoman Turks exploit internal strife within the I hope that our government can convince the have made in communities around the United Greek ranks. These nations came together to Turkish side to negotiate in good faith on the States are to be commended. Greek-Ameri- break the bonds of the Ottomans’ tyranny, and continued occupation and division of Cyprus. cans commonly establish groups that form ties help the Greek people win the right of self de- Madam Speaker, again, I want to urge all to maintain appreciation of their cultural herit- termination. On March 22, 1829, Greece my colleagues to pay tribute to Greek Inde- age, provide opportunities for social inter- emerged from their fierce campaign for de- pendence and to all of the contributions made action, while preserving traditions and the mocracy and created the modern Greek state. by Hellenes throughout history. Greek language for future generations. Addi- Here in the United States we owe a debt of Mr. SCHROCK. Madam Speaker, I rise tionally, the contributions that Greek-Ameri- gratitude to the many Greeks whose labor has today to commemorate the 180th Anniversary cans have made in the business community helped to build this great nation. Throughout of Greek Independence Day. are unsurpassed. Through the utilization of the our history, the United States and Greece Over 200 years ago, our Founding Fathers American tradition of small, family owned busi- have shared a unique bond in that both na- turned to the scholarly teachings of ancient nesses the Greek-American community has tions have struggled for the right to freedom Greek philosophers and statesmen in order to prospered. and self-governance. Clearly, our Founding form ‘‘a more perfect Union.’’ These inspira- Madam Speaker, the eighth congressional Fathers had a deep admiration for the ancient tional teachings about the virtues of democ- district of Maryland, which I represent, has the Greeks who championed their own independ- racy served as the basis of our own represent- 17th largest population of Greek-Americans in ence and modeled the American form of gov- ative form of government. the United States. I am proud of the contribu- ernment upon the principles of Greek democ- On March 25, 1821, these teachings came tions that these community leaders have made racy. The ideology of Greece can be found in full circle when the Greeks fought to regain to Montgomery County and our nation. I join our own Constitution and these common the freedom, liberty, and individual rights they with them in celebrating Greek Independence ideals have promoted a strong bond between first taught to the world. Now, 180 years later, Day and urge my colleagues to join me in rec- our two nations. We share a similar devotion the Greek system of democracy is in full force ognizing the achievements of Greek-Ameri- for additional nations to join in our mutual val- and serves as an inspiration to us all. cans. ues, goals and respect by embracing the The celebration of Greek Independence Day Mr. LANTOS. Madam Speaker, I rise today rights and liberties we hold dear. Greek Inde- should not be reserved to only those of Greek to join in marking the 180th anniversary of the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4058 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 independence of Greece today. The winning independence after eight years of all-out war in Greece’s struggle for autonomy. And over of independence almost two centuries ago and four centuries of oppression. the years, we have worked side-by-side with marked the culmination of struggle of the In their fight for independence, the Greeks Greek leaders to oppose tyranny and oppres- Greek people to restore the ideals of democ- looked to the American Revolution as their sion and advance the cause of democracy racy established by their ancestors. ideal, even translating the Declaration of Inde- worldwide. In 1821, under the leadership of Alexandros pendence and using it as their own. In an But our ties with Greece do not end with Ypsilantis, the Greek people fought together to 1821 address, Greek Commander in Chief this shared commitment to the principles of establish Greek sovereignty. The courageous Petros Mavromichalis said to American citi- democracy. Indeed, today more than 1 million efforts of Ypsilantis planted a seed in the zens, ‘‘. . . it is in your land that liberty has people of Greek descent live in the United hearts of the Greek people. This seed grew fixed her abode . . . trusting that in imitating States. These men and women have made in- into a flourishing movement that led to reli- you, we shall imitate our ancestors and be numerable contributions to our society and gious freedom, a reinvigorated sense of cul- thought worthy of them if we succeed in re- way of life, and for this we thank them. tural and national identity, and the long await- sembling you . . .’’ Colleagues, please join me in saluting the ed return to the democratic ideals born in An- While the Greeks may have looked to the people of Greece for their tremendous com- cient Greece. American Revolution as a blueprint for their mitment to democracy and the principles that Madam Speaker, while we are here today to own revolution, it is us, the citizens of the helped to found our nation. pay tribute to the anniversary of Greek Inde- United States, who will forever be in debt to Mrs. CAPPS. Madam Speaker, as a mem- pendence, I want also to pay tribute to the the Greeks. For it is they who forged the very ber of the Hellenic Caucus I am pleased to Greek-American community, which offers us a notion of democracy. And without that notion, address the House in recognition of the 180th cultural bridge between our two countries. This the United States may have never come to be anniversary of the revolution that freed the community justly takes pride that Greek ideals what it is today. In the words of Thomas Jef- Greek people from the Ottoman Empire. This contributed to America’s revolution even be- ferson, ‘‘. . . to the ancient Greeks . . . we Sunday, on March 25th, people of Greek herit- fore the Greeks themselves had the oppor- are all indebted for the light which led our- age all over the world will celebrate Greek tunity to succeed in their campaign for free- selves out of Gothic darkness . . .’’ Independence Day. dom. It is important for us to commemorate It is my hope that the relationship between In 1821, the Greeks rose up against the op- this day together to reaffirm our common the people of Greece and the people of Amer- pressive Ottoman Empire, which had occupied democratic heritage. ica will continue to advance our understanding Greece for nearly four centuries. This was the The Founding Fathers of our nation were in- of democracy and that the hardships experi- beginning of a successful struggle for freedom spired and motivated by the Athenian model of enced by those in both countries will offer and independence. The Greek people sought democracy. In 370 B.C., Plato wrote in The hope to all nations struggling for justice today. the right to govern themselves and to deter- Republic, ‘‘Democracy is a charming form of I urge my colleagues to join me today in mine their own destiny. government, full of variety and disorder, and commending those of Greek heritage for all It is important that we recognize this day not dispensing a kind of equality to equals and they have overcome and for all they have con- only because the Greek people are a vibrant unequals alike.’’ As participants in a represent- tributed in the hope of making the world community which has made lasting contribu- ative democracy, those of us in this Congress around them better for everyone. tions to the United States, but also because recognize our great debt to the ancient Greek Ms. SANCHEZ. Madam Speaker, I rise the ancient Greeks forged the notion of de- philosophers who provided much of the foun- today to recognize the great nation of Greece mocracy. They believed in the right of self- dation of American democracy. and celebrate with its citizens 180 years of governance—one of the pillars of our great Madam Speaker, I invite my colleagues to independence from the Ottoman Empire. nation. In fact, when forming a fledgling de- join me in observing Greek Independence When we think about democracy in Greece, mocracy, our Founding Fathers relied heavily Day. As a member of the Congressional Cau- inevitably our thoughts drift to the country’s on the political wisdom of the ancient Greeks. cus on Hellenic Issues, I take this opportunity venerable ancients: Solon, the lawmaker who Thomas Jefferson once called ancient Greece to salute the Greek people for their historic framed Athens’ constitution; the philosopher ‘‘the light which led ourselves out of Gothic achievement of independence nearly two cen- Socrates and his disciple Plato; Pericles, the darkness.’’ turies ago, and I recommit myself to work for leader of democratic politics in Athens. These This day is doubly significant for many in closer ties between the people of the United men helped shape our concepts of philosophy, Greece and for Greek-Americans, because it States and the people of Greece. art, science and drama. Their writings and was on this day in the Orthodox calendar that Mr. NADLER. Madam Speaker, I rise today teachings influenced generations of great the archangel Gabriel appeared to Mary and to commemorate Greek Independence Day. thinkers and are still in use at colleges and announced that she was pregnant with the di- March 25, 2001 marks the 180th anniversary universities around the world today. They pro- vine child. Churches in Greece celebrate the of the beginning of the revolution which freed vided the basis for our founding fathers’ es- Festival of the Annunciation with pomp and the Greek people from the Ottoman Empire— says and treaties on life, liberty and the pur- circumstance, and Greek Independence Day a struggle that would last without relief for suit of happiness. is celebrated with parades and celebrations in eight years. However, despite the fact that these men cities across Greece and the United States. For nearly 400 years, Greece remained helped develop the ideals of democracy that Greek Independence Day is historically sig- under the control of this oppressive regime. we Americans hold so dear, it was not until nificant in other ways as well. It marks the first During this time, they were stripped of all civil 1821 that the Greek people declared inde- major war of liberation after the American rights. Their schools were closed down, their pendence and moved from beneath the thumb Revolution. It was also the first successful young boys were kidnapped and raised as of the Ottoman Empire. This movement struggle for independence from the Ottoman Muslems to serve in the Turkish army, and marked the beginning of true democratic free- Empire. millions of their people were executed as the dom within the modern nation of Greece, and Madam Speaker, I am pleased that we have Ottoman Empire sought to maintain control. it is this courageous action that we honor taken time out today to recognize this very im- But the people of Greece persevered. They today. portant day in Greek history. began secretly educating their children in The rebellion began in March 1821 when Mr. GEKAS. Madam Speaker, three years churches and chapels across the country. By Alexandros Ypsilantis, the leader of the revolu- before Prince Ypsilantis and Archbishop the early 1800’s, the Greeks’ desire for inde- tionary Philiki Etaireia crossed the Prut River Germanos embarked on thier crusades to lib- pendence was fueled by this continued edu- into Turkish-held Moldavia with a small force erate Greece from the Ottomans, the English cation. They became deeply interested in their of troops. Although Ypsilantis was defeated, poet Lord Byron released the fourth canto of ancient past and their folk culture. In 1814, his actions sparked a number of revolts his work Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Two lines Greek merchants in Odessa, Russia, formed against the Turks on March 25, 1821, the tra- from that work resonate powerfully with me on the Friendly Society which eventually orga- ditional date of Greek independence. this the 180th Greek Independence Day: nized a movement against the Ottoman Turks The Greeks’ struggle for freedom inspired ‘‘Yet Freedom, yet thy banner, torn, but fly- that led to a Greek revolt. Fighting with what many Americans, who left our country to fight ing, was once described as ‘‘suicidal courage de- for Greece’s Independence. Our great Con- Streams like the thunder-storm against the spite meager resources’’, the Greeks won their gress also sent money and supplies to assist wind.’’

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4059 Of course, Bryon was a passionate And where are they? and where are thou, History tells us that it was the ancient philhellene who tirelessly promoted the cause My country? On thy voiceless shore Greeks who developed the concept of democ- of Greek independence. In fact, few may actu- The heroic lay is tuneless now— racy. In itself, democracy was a revolutionary The heroic bosom beats no more! ally know, but the renowned romantic poet And must thy lyre, so long devine, ideal, placing the power to govern in the was named commander-in-chief of the Greek Degenerate into hands like mine? hands of the people. After 2,500 years, man- Army of Independence in January of 1824 in ’Tis something, in the dearth of fame, kind is only beginning to grasp the magnitude recognition of his enormous contributions to Though link’d among a fetter’d race, of what the ancient Greeks achieved. Through the cause of freedom and liberty for all To feel at least a patriot’s shame, dozens of generations, through the rise and Greeks. Even as I sing, suffuse my face; fall of great empires, through wars and Byron eloquently conveyed the undying For what is left the poet here? plagues, through depressions and economic yearning for liberty that beat in the breast of For Greeks a blush—For Greece a tear. revolutions, through the triumphs and travails every Greek two centuries ago. Like a call to Must we but weep o’er days more blest? of human affairs, one thing has endured: the arms, the words of his poems inflamed the Must we but blush?—Our fathers bled. dream of democracy. spirit of Freedom within patriots throughout the Earth! render back from out thy breast Greek-Americans have enriched our country A remnant of our Spartan dead! Balkans. And, Byron’s ability to recruit a regi- enormously, in every profession, in every re- ment of liberation troops, and fund many oth- Of the three hundred grant but three, To make a new Thermoplyae! gion, in every walk of life. Cities across Amer- ers, served to take these emboldened men to ica take their names from such places as Ath- victory. By 1829, the Ottoman sultan had been What, silent still? and silent all? Ah! no;—the voices of the dead ens and Corinth and Delphi and Sparta. forced to sign the Treaty of Adrianople liber- Sound like a distant torrent’s fall, And of course, our country would not exist ating Greece and insuring that the birthplace And answer, ‘Let one living head, if the ancient Greek city-states had not devel- of democracy would be set on a path of But one arise,—we come, we come!’ oped the world’s most revolutionary idea—de- democratic renewal herself. ’Tis but the living who are dumb. mocracy. Our founding fathers studied history On this day every year, Greeks celebrate In vain—in vain: strike other chords; closely and revered deeply the works of the the momentous acts that led to the birth of the Fill high the cup with Samian wine! ancient Greeks. Thomas Jefferson, the author Hellenic Republic. Over one million Greek Leave battles to the Turkish hordes, of the Declaration of Independence, once ob- Americans join in that celebration. I am proud And shed the blood of Scio’s vine! Hark! rising to the ignoble call— served, ‘‘Greece was the first of civilized na- to do so this year, as well. tions, presenting examples of what man Yet, I want to take this moment to thank and How answers each bold Bacchanal! You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet; should be.’’ celebrate those Americans, Britons and others Although democracy is a significant com- who adopted the cause of Greece as their Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone? Of two such lessons, why forget mon value that strengthens the bond between own. While Lord Byron lost his life in the The nobler and the manlier one? the United States and Greece, we must real- cause of Greek Independence, succumbing to You have the letters Cadmus gave— ize there is more to this relationship. Greece’s an illness he recklessly disregarded earlier to Think ye he meant them for a slave? major role in World War II provided tremen- join the Greek crusade, he was not the only Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! dous setbacks to the Axis offensive. Further- philhellene to sacrifice greatly that the Greek We will not think of themes like these! more, Greece remained an important ally people may live free of foreign tyranny. With- It made Anacreon’s song devine: throughout the Cold War and the struggle to out all of them, Greece would not have re- He served—but served Polycrates— promote our democratic values around the turned to the fold of free nations. Without them A tyrant; but our masters then Were still, at least, our countrymen. globe. the land that birthed democracy, in a very real Today, the United States and Greece are sense, would have died under the weight of The tyrant of the Chersonese Was freedom’s best and bravest friend; leaders in the pursuit to promote democracy, foreign oppression. human rights, freedom, and peace. President So on this joyful day, let me say thank you That tyrant was Miltiades! Oh! that the present hour would lend Clinton referred to Greece as ‘‘a beacon of de- to the philhellenes, as a Greek American, and Another despot of the kind! mocracy, a regional leader for stability, pros- as one who cherishes the inalienable right of Such chains as his were sure to bind. perity and freedom.’’ all men to live free. Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! Greece has been a friend and ally for more Madam Speaker, I submit a recitation of an- On Suli’s rock, and Parga’s shore, than the last century and we will stand by her other poem. A poem the late Lord Byron wrote Exists the remnant of a line to peacefully resolve the situation in Cyprus in lament of an enslaved Greece. Could the Such as the Doric mothers bore; and other challenges that the twenty-first cen- Commander in Chief have truly known how And there, perhaps, some seed is sown, The Heracleidan blood might own. tury may bring. profoundly thankful generations to come would So today, I am proud to join with Greek Trust not for freedom to the Franks— be for his words and deeds? Americans and the Greek people in celebra- THE ISLES OF GREECE They have a king who buys and sells; In native swords, and native ranks, tion of Greek Independence Day, reaffirming (By Lord Byron) The only hope of courage dwells: the democratic principles from which our two ‘‘The isles of Greece, the isles of Greece! But Turkish force, and Lation fraud, nations were born and which have shaped our Where burning Sappho loved and sung, Would break your shield, however broad. world. America and Greece have special re- Where grew the arts of war and peace, Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! sponsibilities in this quest—the United States Where Delos rose and Phoebus sprung! Our virgins dance beneath the shade— Eternal summer gilds them yet, as the world’s strongest democracy, Greece I see their glorious black eyes shine; But all, except their sun, is set. as the world’s first. But if we engage fully in But gazing on each glowing maid, the changing world beyond our borders, we The Scian and the Teian muse, My own the burning tear-drop laves, The hero’s harp, the lover’s lute, To think such breasts must suckle slaves. can build a future in which all nations enjoy Have found the fame your shores refuse: prosperity, democracy, and peace. Place me on Sunium’s marbled steep, Mr. COYNE. Madam Speaker, I am honored Their place of birth alone is mute Where nothing, saves the waves and I, To sounds which echo further west May hear our mutual murmurs sweep; today to join in this special order commemo- Then your sires’ ‘Islands of the Blest.’ There, swan-like, let me sing and die: rating the 180th anniversary of Greece’s inde- The mountains look on Marathon— A land of slaves shall ne’er be mine— pendence from the Ottoman Empire. And Marathon looks on to sea; Dash down yon cup of Samian wine.’’ 180 years ago, in 1831, Greek patriots rose And musing there an hour alone, Mr. BAIRD. Madam Speaker, I rise today to up against their Ottoman overlords in a long I dream’d that Greece might still be free; and bloody revolution that lasted nearly eight For standing on the Persians’ grave, take a moment to observe the 180th anniver- I could not deem myself a slave. sary of Greek Independence Day. March 25th, years. The cause of Greek independence re- quired great courage, perseverance and sac- A king sate on the rocky brow 1821, marked the beginning of the revolution Which looks o’er the sea-born Salamis; that freed the Greek people from the Ottoman rifice. The Greek people experienced frequent And ships, by thousands, lay below, Empire. Indeed, today should be a inter- adversity and hardships, but their struggle And men in nations;—all were his! national celebration not just of Greek freedom continued. Many brave men and women lost He counted them at break of day— and independence, but it should be a celebra- their lives in this fight, and freedom was not And when the sun set where were they? tion democracy throughout the world. won without considerable cost. In the end,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4060 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 however, the Greek people never wavered in common democratic heritage of Greeks and It is my hope that this spirit of rising their struggle for freedom, and the land that Americans. above differences will serve to inspire was once the cradle of democracy was again Mr. WAXMAN. Madam Speaker, I am other nations as we move forward into free. pleased to join my colleagues in celebrating the 21st century. This day is very special to the people of 180 years of Greek Independence. On behalf of the people of the 6th America because Greece and the United March 25, the official Greek independence Congressional District of Massachu- States have much in common. Our shared day, is a proud day for Greeks across the setts, I wish to extend congratulations democratic ideals have formed a basis for a world. It is a powerful reminder of the strength to the people of Greece and all of the strong and sustained friendship. Furthermore, and determination inspired by the ideals of people of Greek heritage in the United the writings of early Greek philosophers like freedom and self governance, and an impor- States on this important holiday. Plato and Polybius were adopted by many pa- tant opportunity for Congress to rise and rec- I am honored to have been selected to triots of the American Revolution, who used ognize the shared values and goals between be an honorary grand marshal in this their words as inspiration. Even today, Greece Greece and the United States. year’s independence day parade in Bos- remains one of our most loyal partners and Greece is a remarkable country with an ex- ton. I look forward to sharing in the democratic allies in the global community. ceptional past and a tremendous future. Its celebration once again with my con- In recognition of this historic event, the proud heritage as the ancient founder of de- stituents. It is my hope that the new House has repeatedly observed this annual mocracy has evolved with great accomplish- millennium will bring forth many more commemoration of Greek independence. Re- ments like the war of independence, member- years of positive and productive rela- cently, the Senate passed a resolution desig- ship in NATO, and partnership in the Euro- tions between the United States and nating March 25, 2001, as ‘‘Greek Independ- pean Union. Greece. ence Day: A National Day of Celebration of I join my colleagues in recognition of this f Greek and American Democracy’’. special occasion and the strong U.S.-Greece Madam Speaker, it is only appropriate that LESSONS OF GREEK relationship. The ties between our two coun- INDEPENDENCE we recognize these Greek patriots who shed tries are underscored by strategic economic, blood for the same principles of freedom and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a military, and diplomatic ties, and are contin- previous order of the House, the gen- self-government that inspired the patriots of ually enhanced by the activism of vibrant Hel- tleman from Connecticut (Mr. SIM- our own revolution here in America. Con- lenic-American communities across the United sequently, it is appropriate that all of us, as MONS) is recognized for 5 minutes. States. Americans, share in the celebration of this mo- Mr. SIMMONS. Madam Speaker, I mentous occasion. I am honored to join my f stand here today in a Chamber that has colleagues in commemorating the 180th anni- HONORING THE 180TH ANNIVER- for centuries witnessed on a daily basis versary of Greek independence. SARY OF GREEK INDEPENDENCE the dreams and the fruits of American independence. Today, we remember Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam Speaker, I rise The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a that it was March 25, 1821, that the today to honor the 180th Anniversary of Greek previous order of the House, the gen- Greeks rose up to seek their independ- Independence Day. The annual celebration tleman from Massachusetts (Mr. commemorates the day the Greek people took ence. As has always been the case, the TIERNEY) is recognized for 5 minutes. up arms against the Ottoman Empire in 1821. price of that independence was high. Mr. TIERNEY. Madam Speaker, I Greek independence is a matter of And today, it stands as the defining moment in rise today and join my colleagues who the establishment and preservation of modern special interest to me because of my spoke just prior to me in honor of the family and, in particular, my wife, democratic ideals espoused by Greek society. 180th anniversary of the Greek inde- The Greek and American people share a Heidi. My wife, Heidi, is the great, pendence. As a Member of the congres- common heritage that cannot be overlooked. great granddaughter of a young 4-year- sional caucus on Hellenic issues, I once The foundation of America’s democracy is old survivor of the Battle of again join those colleagues and others based on the democratic principles estab- Missolongi. For those of my colleagues lished by the ancient Greeks. The political and in paying tribute to the nation of who recall those events, it was philosophical beliefs of the ancient Greeks en- Greece and its people. Missolongi that rose up against Otto- abled our Founding Fathers to craft a Con- As we all know, as was so eloquently man rule. It was Missolongi that cap- stitution and to establish a government that put forth by the gentleman from Flor- tured the attention of Lord Byron, and holds high the ideals of equality and justice. ida (Mr. BILIRAKIS) and the gentle- it was Missolongi where some of the During its struggle for independence, Greece woman from New York (Mrs. harshest battles of Greek independence looked to the Declaration of Independence MALONEY), ancient Greece was the were fought. and the American Revolution for inspiration. fountain of democratic ideals and val- When Missolongi finally fell, the sur- The annual Greek Independence Day pa- ues for the rest of the world, and her vivors numbered only a few thousand rade will be held on Sunday, March 25, 2001. modern counterpart has been steadfast women and children, one of them the 4- On that day, the streets of New York City will in ensuring that the philosophic tradi- year-old great, great grandmother of overflow with the pride and passion of the tions of the past are actively practiced. my wife, Catherine, or Haidine, ‘‘the Greek-American community. Greek Independ- Today, we celebrate the triumph of forsaken one,’’ as she was known. She ence Day is not only significant because it the ideal of self-government in recog- was impressed into the household of an marks the beginning of the liberation of nizing the achievements of the Greeks Egyptian admiral and relocated to Al- Greece from Ottoman rule, but also because who so valiantly fought for independ- exandria, Egypt, where 3 years later, at it presents an opportunity for all Greek-Ameri- ence. We also recognize the debt of the age of 7, she came to the attention cans to reflect on the important economic and gratitude that the citizens of the of a British diplomat. The British dip- cultural contributions their community has United States and many other nations lomat offered to buy her out of slavery, made to American society. owe for the ideals upon which the but the offer was refused, until a few It is especially comforting to see the support American democratic experiment is months later, she became sick, at and guidance that the National Coordinated based. which point the offer was accepted and Effort of Helenes and the Federation of Hel- Greece, at the juncture between con- the sick little girl was delivered to the lenic Societies, as well as other Greek-Amer- tinents, continues to be actively in- diplomat’s family. He and his wife ican organizations provide their community volved in the international commu- nursed her back to health, they relo- members—ensuring that past accomplish- nity, maintaining excellent relations cated to England where she was adopt- ments are celebrated and commemorated, with the United States, Europe and ed, educated, raised up, and eventually while also ensuring future success by pro- other nations. We all remember the re- married to the son of an admiral. They viding opportunities for advancement in edu- cent response to the devastating earth- relocated to Canada and eventually to cation and the workplace. quake in Turkey as an example of the the United States. Today, I ask my colleagues to join me in commitment of goodwill that the So, Madam Speaker, the story of honoring Greek Independence Day and the Greek people continually demonstrate. Greek independence is also the story of

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4061 America and of Americans and of our b 1900 the opportunity to discuss an issue families. It is a story of the struggle History has shown that the historic that affects thousands of women each for freedom, the struggle for democ- battle of Crete, in which the indomi- year, violence against women. racy, and the struggle for a better life table spirit of the Greek people forced There are two types of violence for our families, our friends, and our Hitler to delay his planned invasion of against women that need to be ad- neighbors. Russia, was one of the most important dressed: domestic violence and sexual As we gather in this great Chamber, battles of the Second World War. From assault. Scratch the surface of any of this cradle of democracy here in these the outset of that war, Greece showed our Nation’s most challenging social United States, we should never forget its true character as a nation of cour- problems, from crime in the schools to the lessons of Greeks and the lessons of age and honor, devoted to freedom and gang violence and homelessness, and Greek independence. self-determination. you are likely to find a root cause of f World War II’s aftermath left Europe domestic violence. CELEBRATING 180 YEARS OF mired in the Cold War; and Greece, a Law enforcement officials are report- GREEK INDEPENDENCE NATO ally to this day, once again an- ing that domestic violence situations are among their most frequent calls. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. swered the call. Greece showed its na- tional valor and sense of historic mis- Judges find that children first seen in FERGUSON). Under a previous order of sion, joining forces with the United their courts as victims of domestic vio- the House, the gentleman from New lence return later as adult criminal de- Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) is recognized for States and preserving and protecting the freedoms enjoyed today by an un- fendants. Schools are noticing that 5 minutes. children with emotional problems Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on precedented number of the world’s peo- often come from an environment where March 25, as has been mentioned, ple. The qualities exhibited by the nation violence is the norm. Greece celebrates its 180th year of inde- Violence begets violence, and we pendence. I am here tonight to praise of Greece, Mr. Speaker, are a reflection must break the cycle. We have begun the society that represents, in a histor- of the strong character and values of to address the problem, but there is ical sense, the origins of what we call its individual citizens. The United still much work to be done. Reauthor- Western culture and, in a contem- States has been greatly enriched as izing the Violence Against Women Act porary sense, one of the staunchest de- many sons and daughters of Greece in the 106th Congress was a giant step fenders of Western society and values. made a new life in America. They and in the right direction. There are many of us in Congress, on their children and grandchildren have Since it passed in 1994, the Violence both sides of the spectrum, who are enriched our country in countless Against Women Act has been effective. staunchly committed to strengthening ways, contributing to our cultural, pro- In fact, the Justice Department esti- and preserving the ties between the fessional, commercial, academic and mates that violence against women has Greek and American people. I would political life. decreased by 21 percent since the law particularly like to thank the co-chairs The timeless values of Greek culture was originally passed. The law also has of our Hellenic Caucus, the gentleman have endured for centuries, indeed for been credited with providing shelter from Florida (Mr. BILIRAKIS) and the millenia. As Daniel Webster noted, 400 gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. years of control by the Ottoman Em- space for more than 300,000 women and their families. MALONEY), for their fine leadership and pire could not overcome the Greek peo- tireless efforts to strengthen the ties ple’s determination to be free. Mr. Speaker, I would like to com- between our two countries. But I regret to say, Mr. Speaker, to mend my many colleagues here in the Just 200 years ago, after the Greek this day the Greek people must battle House who supported and fought for people began the revolution that would against oppression. For almost 24 years this important legislation, both in 1994 lead to their freedom, one of our prede- now, Greece has stood firm in its deter- and the reauthorization last year. I am cessors in this Chamber, Congressman mination to bring freedom and inde- proud that reauthorization received Daniel Webster, referring to the 400 pendence to the illegally occupied na- such strong bipartisan support, and I years during which the Greeks were tion of Cyprus. Like their forefathers am hopeful that our future efforts to ruled by the Ottoman Empire, ob- who were under the control of a hostile address this tremendous problem will served, and I quote, ‘‘These people,’’ foreign power for four centuries, the receive similar levels of support from the Greeks, ‘‘a people of intelligence, Cypriot people hold fast in defiance of both sides of the aisle. ingenuity, refinement, spirit and enter- their Turkish aggressors with every The reauthorization of the Violence prise, have been for centuries under the confidence that they will again be a Against Women Act brought much- atrocious and unparalleled Tartarian sovereign nation, and they will. needed attention to these issues, atten- barbarism that ever oppressed the The United States must be on their tion that will be translated into great- human race.’’ side in both the fight to secure that er public awareness of this issue and a The words Congressman Webster freedom and the celebration to mark greater public commitment to solving chose then to describe the Greek peo- the day when it finally arrives. the problems of violence against ple, intelligence, ingenuity, refine- Mr. Speaker, in closing, I want to women. ment, spirit and enterprise, are as apt congratulate the Greek people for 180 But another particular area of vio- today as they ever have been. In the years of independence and thank them lence against women that needs more years since, Americans and Greeks for their contributions to American congressional attention is sexual as- have grown ever closer, bound by ties life. sault. The statistics on this issue are of strategic and military alliance, com- f staggering. A rape occurs every 90 sec- mon values of democracy, individual onds, and estimates show that one out freedom, human rights, and close per- VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN of every three women will be sexually sonal friendship. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. assaulted in her lifetime. In the early 20th century, Greece FERGUSON). Under a previous order of Seven out of every 10 rapes are com- stood by the United States in World the House, the gentlewoman from Illi- mitted by someone the victim knows. War I when Hitler’s war machine deci- nois (Mrs. BIGGERT) is recognized for 5 Seventy-six percent of the women over mated Europe in the middle of this minutes. 18 who are raped and/or physically as- century. Greece again stood on the Mrs. BIGGERT. Mr. Speaker, I would saulted are assaulted by a current or same side of the United States to re- like to switch subjects for a moment to former husband, cohabitating partner pulse the greatest threat to freedom talk about another matter during this or date. and human decency the world as ever month of women’s history. As the Re- What can we do to address this hor- seen and, I might add, at great cost to publican chair of the Congressional rendous problem? We must talk about the Greek people and the Greek nation. Women’s Caucus, I would like to take it. We must raise public awareness. For

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.000 H20MR1 4062 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 years, these problems have been swept I was privileged to serve in the Kan- fourth year, is the deepest since 1915. under the table, and women have been sas Senate during Governor Finney’s This year’s prices were at a 27-year hesitant about talking about them in term as governor. During that time, low. public or even reporting them. she always had the well-being of the The average age of our farmers is 57 I am thankful that this trend is in re- people of our State as her priority. years, and now they are getting over verse and the public is becoming more While we sometimes disagreed, I al- three-fourths of their earnings in pub- outraged about these heinous crimes ways knew where the Governor stood lic support because the market does against women. We, as leaders, must be on each and every issue. She was hon- not work for them. willing to bring more attention to the est and straightforward. No public And up until today, National Agri- fight against sexual assault and domes- opinion polls, no focus groups, just culture Day, what have we heard from tic violence. Joan Finney doing what she thought the new administration? Silence. Not By focusing public attention on these was best for the people she loved, the the peacefulness of the countryside, acts of brutality against women, we people of Kansas. but the eerie solemnness of the grave- can raise public awareness. We can Governor Finney was always respect- yard. make a difference. We have already ful, and her heart was always in the President Bush, when he delivered seen positive effects of the Violence right place. She believed passionately his State of the Union address just a Against Women Act, but that is just a in her positions and worked hard for few weeks ago in this Chamber, had start. the hard-working people of Kansas. nothing to offer America’s farmers. No As the month of March draws to a Family is very important to Gov- plans. No solutions. No ideas. The close, I would like to point out that the ernor Finney. Members of her family budget that he has submitted so far month of April is nationally known as played key roles in her campaigns and suggests that agriculture’s crisis will National Sexual Assault Awareness in her administration. be taken care of out of something Month. I would like to see this designa- I know that her family is with her called a contingency fund. That sounds tion made official. now as she faces this great challenge. like it is tangential. Now, how exactly Officially designating April as Na- May the strength and goodwill that she is that supposed to happen? tional Sexual Assault Awareness displayed in her years as public service The President has talked largely Month would raise public awareness. now help her defeat this terrible dis- about estate taxes, implying that farm- Violence against women is a large, un- ease. ers can leave their properties to sons recognized and all-too-often ignored My thoughts and prayers go out to and daughters. But what does that do problem in all of our communities. The Governor Finney, to her husband Spen- to earn a living today and hold on for costs of these violent acts is borne not cer and to her children, Sally Finney, the rest of their productive years? only by the women who experience it, Richard Finney and Mary Holliday. Anyone who saw the New York Times Kansans care greatly for you, Mrs. but by their families, communities and story this past weekend saw the heart- Finney, and we pray God will bless you our Nation as a whole. wrenching story about potato growers This is a national issue, and it must and give you courage and strength. in Idaho facing their lowest prices in receive national attention. We must f decades. They are worried about having continue our congressional commit- AMERICA’S FARMERS AND RANCH- an income. What will a tax cut do for ment to making our streets and homes ERS NEED A NEW FARM BILL them? safe for women and children. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Then yesterday the President spoke f previous order of the House, the gentle- on our Nation’s energy policy. But, for A TRIBUTE TO GOVERNOR JOAN woman from Ohio (Ms. KAPTUR) is rec- agriculture, it was again the sound of FINNEY ognized for 5 minutes. silence. America has the ability to con- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, the 276 vert many of our crops into ethanol previous order of the House, the gen- million of us who do not work in the and biodiesel, throwing off the yoke of tleman from Kansas (Mr. MORAN) is farming and ranching sectors need to international fuel dependency. In fact, recognized for 5 minutes. take time today on National Agri- if we just converted our strategic pe- Mr. MORAN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, culture Day to give thanks to the troleum reserve to a strategic fuels re- I rise this evening to convey my 700,000 men and women of American ag- serve and only fill 2 percent of it with thoughts and prayers for the former riculture for all they do to feed our Na- biofuels, we would double the produc- governor of our State, Governor Joan tion and, indeed, much of the rest of tion of both ethanol and biodiesel in Finney, and her family. Last month, the world. this country, helping to build that new Governor Finney was diagnosed with Mr. Speaker, I rise tonight to pay industry from inside this Nation. liver cancer. I wish her strength and highest tribute to some of the hardest But the President did not mention it, courage as she fights this devastating working people in America. I know of not a word. But he did express his ap- disease. no other people who take such great fi- preciation just yesterday to the OPEC Governor Finney has had a long and nancial risks, give more of themselves ministers who agreed to hold price in- distinguished career in service to the each and every day, and who do so with creases to only 7 percent for imported public. She was a trailblazer for women great discipline and dignity. fuel. He thought that gesture by them in elective office, and her example has With the depression that is afflicting was comforting. It is not comforting to served as inspiration and a role model rural regions of our country, America me. for others in our State and around the needs a new declaration of economic Mr. President, why do you not offer country. independence, and that declaration some comfort to America’s farmers and Joan Finney served our State for 16 should insist that America’s farmers ranchers and help them get their prices years as Kansas Treasurer. She started and ranchers are not expendable. Their up the same 7 percent that you are her career as a Republican and husbandry and stewardship are central willing to accept for oil? Why do you switched to become a Democrat. pillars of our national security and not help them develop new products In 1990, she became the first women freedom. like ethanol and biodiesel? Why do you ever elected governor of our State. Today, we are witnessing an alarm- not tell them what you propose to Governor Finney is truly a woman of ing hollowing out of America’s coun- break them out of the cycle of depend- the people. tryside and a wanton destruction of ency on government farm payments? Throughout her years of public serv- precious arable lands that have sus- Why do you not offer an agriculture ice, she was able to connect to every- tained us and on which future genera- policy that our farmers and ranchers day Kansans in a way all of us who tions will depend. can look toward the future? hold elective office can respect and ad- Rural America is on life support. The Let me start in this way. America’s mire. current farm depression, now in its farmers and ranchers need a new farm

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4063 bill that gives equal footing to them in In a free market economy, you do not other prices going up significantly, our global marketplace, starting out have a central bank pretending it has like education costs and medical care with contracting rights. We need a knowledge it does not have, that it costs, housing costs. So there is a lot of budget from the executive branch that knows exactly what the money supply inflation even when one measures it by addresses the farm crisis and positions should be and what the interest rate prices. American agriculture for the future. should be. That is a prescription for But the real problem with the infla- We need to meet America’s energy disaster; and it leads to booms and tion when one allows a central bank to crisis with a major national commit- busts, speculations in the stock mar- destroy its money is twofold. One, it ment to biofuels. We must invest in kets, crashes in the stock markets. creates an overcapacity or overinvest- new ways for farmers and ranchers to This is a well-known phenomenon. It ment, excessive debt that always has move their products to the market do- has been with us since 1913, since we to be wiped out and cleaned out of the mestically and internationally. We have had the Federal Reserve. We have situation, or economic growth cannot need to restore a free market in agri- seen it in the speculation in the 1920s be resumed. Japan has not permitted culture and enforce antitrust laws. and the depression of the 1930s. It is on- this to happen, and economic growth We must give farmers and ranchers a going. has not resumed. That is the most im- place at the bargaining table in global We have a responsibility here in the portant aspect because that causes the trade negotiations, starting with the Congress to deal with this. We have a unemployment and that causes the reform of NAFTA and the proposal for responsibility to maintain the integ- harm to so many people. the free trade agreement of the Amer- rity of the money. Yet we up that re- Now, there is another aspect of infla- icas. We must launch a new home- sponsibility to a secretive body that tion, that is the monetary debasement steading program that ties the chance works on its own, deliberating and de- that I have great concern about. That to retain your farm or to own a farm ciding how much money supply we is, when it goes to extremes, it inevi- mortgage and title to conservation and should have. tably wipes out the middle class. It de- holding and preserving our arable land To lower interest rates, a central stroys the middle class. We are just for future generations who will depend bank has to increase the money. That starting to see that happening in this on it. is debasement. That is devaluing the country. Mr. President, it is National Agri- money deliberately. In the old days, Low middle-income earners, individ- culture Day. Help us celebrate it by when the king would do this, they uals who are still not on the dole but giving America’s farmers and ranchers would clip coins. Literally coin willing to work, they are having a the respect and the attention they de- debasement, stealing value from coin- tough time paying their bills. That is serve at the highest levels. age in the old days was a capital crime. the early stages of what happens when a currency is destroyed. f Today, though, it is accepted practice in all economies of the world. We have Last year, for the first time in our ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER had no linkage of any currency of the history of keeping this record since PRO TEMPORE world in the last 30 years to anything 1945, in 55 years, the wealth of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Mem- of real value. American people went down 2 percent. bers are reminded to address their re- The economies have functioned rel- f marks to the Chair, not directly to the atively well. But just in the last 6 PUBLICATION OF THE RULES OF President. years, we have had eight financial THE PERMANENT SELECT COM- f international crises, all patched to- MITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE 107TH gether by more inflation, more print- CONGRESS MANIPULATION OF INTEREST ing of more money. Let me tell my col- RATES CAUSE ECONOMIC PROB- leagues, I am convinced it will not last, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a LEMS it will not continue. previous order of the House, the gen- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a Take a look at what is happening in tleman from Florida (Mr. GOSS) is rec- previous order of the House, the gen- Japan today. Japan lowered their in- ognized for 5 minutes. Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to tleman from Texas (Mr. PAUL) is recog- terest rates, too. They have been doing transmit herewith the Rules of Procedure for nized for 5 minutes. this for a long time. They are down to the Permanent Select Committee on Intel- Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, today the 0 percent, and nothing seems to be hap- ligence for the 107th Congress. The enclosed Federal Reserve lowered interest rates pening. Their stock market is at a rules were adopted by the Committee, Thurs- by a half a percentage point. They have level it was 16 years ago. We have to day, March 1, 2001. been asked to lower the interest rates decide whether or not we may be mov- Pursuant to rule XI, clause 2(a)(2) of the by just about everybody in the coun- ing into a similar situation. I think it Rules of the House of Representatives, I re- try. Whether they are investors or poli- is a very serious problem. quest that the enclosed Rules of Procedure be ticians, everybody literally has been We talk about interest rates. We talk printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. screaming at the Fed and Alan Green- about stimulating the economy. But RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE PERMANENT SELECT span to lower the interest rates, lower we really do not talk about the prob- COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE the interest rates. lem, and that is the monetary system and the nature of the dollar. 1. SUBCOMMITTEES b 1915 The money supply right now is cur- (a) Generally It was anticipated that he would, and rently rising at the rate of 20 percent, (1) Creation of subcommittees and the he did. He lowered the interest rates by as measured by MZN. This is horren- working group shall be by majority vote of the Committee. 50 basis points. The stock market dous inflation. This is inflation. Every- (2) Subcommittees and the working group promptly went down 236 points. So ob- body says no, there are reassurances. shall deal with such legislation and over- viously just lowering interest rates is The Federal Reserve and all the stat- sight of programs and policies as the Com- not the solution to the problems we isticians say there is no inflation. The mittee may direct. face. As a matter of fact, I believe it is CPI is okay and the PPI is okay. But (3) Subcommittees and the working group the problem. there is inflation. Because if one in- shall be governed by these rules. For purposes of these rules, any reference Interest rates have been manipulated creases the supply of money, one is cre- herein to the ‘‘Committee’’ shall be inter- by the Federal Reserve as long as I can ating inflation. preted to include subcommittees and the remember, especially in the last 30 The most important aspect of that is working group, unless otherwise specifically years since we have had a total fiat the instability it creates in the mar- provided. monetary system. So it is the manipu- ketplace. It does not always lead to a (b) Establishment of Subcommittees lation of interest rates that causes a CPI increasing at 10 or 15 percent. Our The Committee establishes the following problem. CPI is rising significantly. We have subcommittees:

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(1) Subcommittee on Human Intelligence, 4. PREPARATIONS FOR COMMITTEE MEETINGS (b) Oath or Affirmation Analysis, and Counterintelligence; (a) Generally The Chairman may require testimony of (2) Subcommittee on Technical and Tac- Designated Committee Staff, as directed witnesses to be given under oath or affirma- tical Intelligence; and by the Chairman, shall brief Members of the tion. (3) Subcommittee on Intelligence Policy Committee at a time sufficiently prior to (c) Administration of Oath or Affirmation and National Security. any Committee meeting in order to: Upon the determination that a witness For purposes of these rules, any reference (1) assist Committee Members in prepara- shall testify under oath or affirmation, any herein to the ‘‘Committee’’ shall be inter- tion for such meeting; and Member of the Committee designated by the preted to include subcommittees, unless oth- (2) determine which matters Members wish Chairman may administer the oath or affir- erwise specifically provided. considered during any meeting. mation. (c) Establishment of Working Group (b) Briefing Materials (d) Interrogation of Witnesses (1) The Committee establishes the Working (1) Such a briefing shall, at the request of (1) Generally. Interrogation of witnesses Group on Terrorism and Homeland Security a Member, include a list of all pertinent pa- before the Committee shall be conducted by (hereinafter referred to as the ‘‘working pers, and such other materials, that have Members of the Committee. group’’). For purposes of these rules, any ref- been obtained by the Committee that bear (2) Exceptions. erence to the ‘‘Committee’’ shall be inter- on matters to be considered at the meeting; (A) The Chairman, in consultation with preted to include the Working Group, unless and the Ranking Minority Member, may deter- otherwise specifically provided. (2) The staff director shall also recommend mine that Committee Staff will be author- (2) The working group may not authorize to the Chairman any testimony, papers, or ized to question witnesses at a hearing in ac- or issue a subpoena. other materials to be presented to the Com- cordance with clause (2)(j) of House Rule XI. mittee at any meetings of the Committee. (d) Subcommittee Membership (B) The Chairman and Ranking Minority 5. OPEN MEETINGS Member are each authorized to designate (1) Generally. Each Member of the Com- (a) Generally Committee Staff to conduct such ques- mittee may be assigned to at least one of the tioning. three subcommittees and the working group. Pursuant to Rule XI of the House, but sub- (2) Ex Officio Membership. In the event ject to the limitations of subsection (b), (e) Counsel for the Witness that the Chairman and Ranking Minority Committee meetings held for the transaction (1) Generally. Witnesses before the Com- Member of the full Committee do not choose of business, and Committee hearings, shall mittee may be accompanied by counsel, sub- to sit as regular voting members of one or be open to the public. ject to the requirements of paragraph (2). more of the subcommittees, each is author- (b) Exceptions (2) Counsel Clearances Required. In the ized to sit as an ex officio Member of the sub- Any meeting or portion thereof, for the event that a meeting of the Committee has committees or the working group and par- transaction of business, including the mark- been closed because the subject to be dis- ticipate in the work of the subcommittees or up of legislation, or any hearing or portion cussed deals with classified information, the working group. When sitting ex officio, thereof, shall be closed to the public, if: counsel accompanying a witness before the however, they— (1) the Committee determines by record Committee must possess the requisite secu- (A) shall not have a vote in the sub- vote, in open session with a majority of the rity clearance and provide proof of such committee or in the working group; and Committee present, that disclosure of the clearance to the Committee at least 24 hours (B) shall not be counted for purposes of de- matters to be discussed may: prior to the meeting at which the counsel in- termining a quorum. (A) endanger national security; tends to be present. (B) compromise sensitive law enforcement (3) Failure to Obtain Counsel. Any witness 2. MEETING DAY information; who is unable to obtain counsel should no- (a) Regular Meeting Day for the Full Committee (C) tend to defame, degrade, or incriminate tify the Committee. If such notification oc- (1) Generally. The regular meeting day of any person; or curs at least 24 hours prior to the witness’ the Committee for the transaction of Com- (D) otherwise violate any law or Rule of appearance before the Committee, the Com- mittee business shall be the first Wednesday the House. mittee shall then endeavor to obtain vol- of each month, unless otherwise directed by (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a vote untary counsel for the witness. Failure to the Chairman. to close a Committee hearing, pursuant to obtain counsel, however, will not excuse the (2) Notice Required. Such regular business this subsection and House Rule XI shall be witness from appearing and testifying. meetings shall not occur, unless Members taken in open session— (4) Conduct of Counsel for Witnesses. Coun- (A) with a majority of the Committee are provided reasonable notice under these sel for witnesses appearing before the Com- being present; or rules. mittee shall conduct themselves ethically (B) pursuant to House Rule X, clause and professionally at all times in their deal- (a) Regular Meeting Day for Subcommittees or 11(d)(2), regardless of whether a majority is ings with the Committee. Working Group present, so long as at least two Members of (A) A majority of Members of the Com- There is no regular meeting day for sub- the Committee are present, one of whom is a mittee may, should circumstances warrant, committees or the working group. member of the Minority, and votes upon the find that counsel for a witness before the 3. NOTICE FOR MEETINGS motion. Committee failed to conduct himself or her- (a) Generally (c) Briefings self in an ethical or professional manner. All Committee briefings shall be closed to (B) Upon such finding, counsel may be sub- In the case of any meeting of the Com- the public. ject to appropriate disciplinary action. mittee, the Chief Clerk of the Committee 6. QUORUM (5) Temporary Removal of Counsel. The shall provide reasonable notice to every Chairman may remove counsel during any (a) Hearings Member of the Committee. Such notice shall proceeding before the Committee for failure provide the time and place of the meeting. For purposes of taking testimony, or re- to act in an ethical and professional manner. (b) Definition ceiving evidence, a quorum shall consist of (6) Committee Reversal. A majority of the two Committee Members. For purposes of this rule, ‘‘reasonable no- members of the Committee may vote to tice’’ means: (b) Other Committee Proceedings overturn the decision of the Chairman to re- (1) written notification; For purposes of the transaction of all other move counsel for a witness. (2) delivered by facsimile transmission or Committee business, other than the consid- (7) Role of Counsel for Witness. (A) Counsel for a witness: regular mail, which is eration of a motion to close a hearing as de- (i) shall not be allowed to examine wit- (A) delivered no less than 24 hours prior to scribed in rule 5(b)(2)(B), a quorum shall con- nesses before the Committee, either directly the event for which notice is being given, if sist of a majority of Members. or through cross-examination; but 7. REPORTING RECORD VOTES the event is to be held in Washington, DC; or (ii) may submit questions in writing to the (B) delivered no less than 48 hours prior to Whenever the Committee reports any Committee that counsel wishes propounded the event for which notice is being given, if measure or matter by record vote, the report to a witness; or the event is to be held outside Washington, of the Committee upon such measure or mat- (iii) may suggest, in writing to the Com- DC. ter shall include a tabulation of the votes mittee, the presentation of other evidence or (c) Exception cast in favor of, and the votes cast in opposi- the calling of other witnesses. tion to, such measure or matter. In extraordinary circumstances only, the (B) The Committee may make such use of Chairman may, after consulting with the 8. PROCEDURES FOR TAKING TESTIMONY OR any such questions, or suggestions, as the Ranking Minority Member, call a meeting of RECEIVING EVIDENCE Committee deems appropriate. the committee without providing notice, as (a) Notice (f) Statements by Witnesses defined in subparagraph (b), to Members of Adequate notice shall be given to all wit- (1) Generally. A witness may make a state- the Committee. nesses appearing before the Committee. ment, which shall be brief and relevant, at

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4065 the beginning and at the conclusion of the (j) Contempt Procedures (f) Limitation witness’ testimony. Citations for contempt of Congress shall be (1) The working group may not authorize (2) Length. Each such statements shall not forwarded to the House, only if: nor issue a subpoena. exceed five minutes in length, unless other- (1) reasonable notice is provided to all (2) A subpoena authorized and issued by wise determined by the Chairman. Members of the Committee of a meeting to the Committee shall not compel the attend- (3) Submission to the Committee. Any wit- be held to consider any such contempt rec- ance of a witness before the working group, ness desiring to submit a written statement ommendations; or the production of memoranda, documents, for the record of the proceedings shall sub- (2) the Committee has met and considered records, or any other tangible item to the mit a copy of the statement to the Chief the contempt allegations; working group. Clerk of the Committee. (3) the subject of the allegations was af- (A) Such statements shall ordinarily be 11. COMMITTEE STAFF forded an opportunity to state, either in submitted no less than 48 hours in advance of (a) Definition writing or in person, why he or she should the witness’ appearance before the Com- not be held in contempt; and For the purpose of these rules, ‘‘Committee mittee. (4) the Committee agreed by majority vote Staff’’ or ‘‘staff of the Committee’ means: (B) In the event that the hearing was to forward the citation recommendations to (1) employees of the Committee; called with less than 24 hours notice, written the House. (2) consultants to the Committee; statements should be submitted as soon as (3) employees of other Government agen- practicable prior to the hearing. (k) Release of Name of Witness cies detailed to the Committee; or (g) Objections and Ruling (1) Generally. At the request of a witness (4) any other person engaged by contract, (1) Generally. Any objection raised by a scheduled to be heard by the Committee, the or otherwise, to perform services for, or at witness, or counsel for the witness, shall be name of that witness shall not be released the request of, the Committee. ruled upon by the Chairman, and such ruling publicly prior to, or after, the witness’ ap- (b) Appointment of Committee Staff pearance before the Committee. shall be the ruling of the Committee. (1) Chairman’s Authority. The appoint- (2) Committee Action. A ruling by the (2) Exceptions. Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Chairman may authorize the release ment of Committee Staff shall be by the Chairman may be overturned upon a major- Chairman, in consultation with the Ranking ity vote of the Committee. to the public of the name of any witness scheduled to appear before the Committee. Minority Member. The Chairman shall cer- (h) Transcripts tify Committee Staff appointments to the (1) Transcript Required. A transcript shall 9. INVESTIGATIONS Clerk of the House in writing. be made of the testimony of each witness ap- (a) Commencing Investigations (2) Security Clearance Required. All offers pearing before the Committee during any (1) Generally. The Committee shall con- of employment for prospective Committee hearing of the Committee. duct investigations only if approved by the Staff positions shall be contingent upon: (2) Opportunity to Inspect. Any witness full Committee. An investigation may be ini- (A) the result of a background investiga- testifying before the Committee shall be tiated either: tion; and given a reasonable opportunity to inspect (A) by a vote of the full Committee; (B) a determination by the Chairman that the transcript of the hearing, and may be ac- (B) at the direction of the Chairman of the requirements for the appropriate security companied by counsel to determine whether full Committee, with notice to the Ranking clearances have been met. such testimony was correctly transcribed. Minority Member; or (C) RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMMITTEE STAFF Such counsel: (C) by written request of at least five Mem- (1) Generally. The Committee Staff works (A) shall have the appropriate clearance bers of the full Committee, which is sub- necessary to review any classified aspect of for the Committee as a whole, under the su- mitted to the Chairman. pervision and direction of the Chairman of the transcript; and (2) Full Committee Ratification Required. (B) should, to the extent possible, be the the Committee. Any investigation initiated by the Chairman (2) Authority of the Staff Director. same counsel that was present for such clas- pursuant to paragraphs (B) and (C) must be sified testimony. (A) Unless otherwise determined by the brought to the attention of the full Com- Committee, the duties of Committee Staff (3) Corrections. mittee for approval, at the next regular (A) Pursuant to Rule XI of the House shall be performed under the direct super- meeting of the full Committee. Rules, any corrections the witness desires to vision and control of the staff director. make in a transcript shall be limited to (b) Conducting Investigations (B) Committee Staff personnel affairs and technical, grammatical, and typographical. An authorized investigation may be con- day-to-day Committee Staff administrative (B) Corrections may not be made to change ducted by Members of the Committee or matters, including the security and control the substance of the testimony. Committee Staff members designated by the of classified documents and material, shall (C) Such corrections shall be submitted in Chairman, in consultation with the Ranking be administered under the direct supervision writing to the Committee within 7 days after Minority Member, to undertake any such in- and control of the staff director. the transcript is made available to the wit- vestigation. (3) Staff Assistance to Minority Member- ness. 10. SUBPOENAS ship. The Committee Staff shall assist the (D) Any questions arising with respect to Minority as fully as the Majority of the (a) Generally such corrections shall be decided by the Committee in all matters of Committee busi- Chairman. All subpoenas shall be authorized by the ness, and in the preparation and filing of (4) Copy for the Witness. At the request of Chairman of the full Committee, upon con- supplemental, minority, or additional views, the witness, any portion of the witness’ tes- sultation with the Ranking Minority Mem- to the end that all points of view may be timony given in executive session shall be ber, or by vote of the Committee. fully considered by the Committee and the made available to that witness if that testi- (b) Subpoena Contents House. mony is subsequently quoted or intended to Any subpoena authorized by the Chairman 12. LIMIT ON DISCUSSION OF CLASSIFIED WORK be made part of a public record. Such testi- of the full Committee, or the Committee, OF THE COMMITTEE mony shall be made available to the witness may compel: at the witness’ expense. (a) Prohibition (1) the attendance of witnesses and testi- (1) Generally. Except as otherwise provided (i) Requests to Testify mony before the Committee; or by these rules and the Rules of the House of (1) Generally. The Committee will consider (2) the production of memoranda, docu- Representatives, Members and Committee requests to testify on any matter or measure ments, records, or any other tangible item. Staff shall not at any time, either during pending before the Committee. (c) Signing of Subpoenas (2) Recommendations for Additional Evi- that person’s tenure as a Member of the dence. Any person who believes that testi- A subpoena authorized by the Chairman of Committee or as Committee Staff, or any- mony, other evidence, or commentary, pre- the full Committee, or the Committee, may time thereafter, discuss or disclose: sented at a public hearing may tend to affect be signed by the Chairman, or by any Mem- (A) the classified substance of the work of adversely that person’s reputation may sub- ber of the Committee designated to do so by the Committee; mit to the Committee, in writing: the Committee. (B) any information received by the Com- (A) a request to appear personally before (d) Subpoena Service mittee in executive session; (C) any classified information received by the Committee; A subpoena authorized by the Chairman of the Committee for any source; or (B) a sworn statement of facts relevant to the full Committee, or the Committee, may (D) the substance of any hearing that was the testimony, evidence, or commentary; or be served by any person designated to do so (C) proposed questions for the cross-exam- closed to the public pursuant to these rules by the Chairman. ination of other witnesses. or the Rules of the House. (3) Committee’s Discretion. The Com- (e) Other Requirements (2) Non-Disclosure in Proceedings. mittee may take those actions it deems ap- Each subpoena shall have attached thereto (A) Members of the Committee and the propriate with respect to such requests. a copy of these rules. Committee Staff shall not discuss either the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4066 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 substance or procedure of the work of the (b) Non-Disclosure Agreement (5) Examination of Classified Materials. Committee with any person not a Member of (1) Generally. All Committee Staff must, Classified documents in the Committee’s the Committee or the Committee Staff in before joining the Committee, agree in writ- possession shall be examined in an appro- connection with any proceeding, judicial or ing, as a condition of employment, not to di- priately secure manner. otherwise, either during the person’s tenure vulge any classified information, which (6) Prohibition on Removal of Classified as a Member of the Committee, or of the comes into such person’s possession while a Materials. Removal of any classified docu- Committee Staff, or at any time thereafter, member of the Committee Staff, to any per- ment from the Committee’s offices is strict- except as directed by the Committee in ac- son not a Member of the Committee or the ly prohibited, except as provided by these cordance with the Rules of the House and Committee Staff, except as authorized by rules. these rules. the Committee in accordance with the Rules (7) Exception. Notwithstanding the prohi- (B) In the event of the termination of the of the House and these rules. bition set forth in paragraph (6), a classified Committee, Members and Committee Staff (2) Other Requirements. In the event of the document, or copy thereof, may be removed shall be governed in these matters in a man- termination of the Committee, Members and from the Committee’s offices in furtherance ner determined by the House concerning dis- Committee Staff must follow any determina- of official Committee business. Appropriate cussions of the classified work of the Com- tion by the House of Representatives, with security procedures shall govern the han- mittee. respect to the protection of classified infor- dling of any classified documents removed (3) Exceptions. mation received while a Member of the Com- from the Committee’s offices. (A) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub- mittee or as Committee Staff. (b) Access to Classified Information by Members section (a)(1), Members of the Committee (3) Requests for Testimony of Staff. All Members of the Committee shall at all and the Committee Staff may discuss and (A) All Committee Staff must, as a condi- times have access to all classified papers and disclose those matters described in sub- tion of employment, agree in writing, to no- other material received by the Committee section (a)(1) with tify the Committee immediately of any re- from any source. (i) Members and staff of the Senate Select quest for testimony received while a member Committee on Intelligence designated by the of the Committee Staff, or at any time (c) Need-to-know chairman of that committee; thereafter, concerning any classified infor- (1 Generally. Committee Staff shall have (ii) the chairmen and ranking minority mation received by such person while a access to any classified information provided members of the House and Senate Commit- member of the Committee Staff. to the Committee on a strict ‘‘need-to- tees on Appropriations and staff of those (B) Committee Staff shall not disclose, in know’’ basis, as determined by the Com- committees designated by the chairmen of response to any such request for testimony, mittee, and under the Committee’s direction those committees; and any such classified information, except as by the staff director. (iii) the chairman and ranking minority authorized by the Committee in accordance (2 Appropriate Clearances Required. Com- member of the Subcommittee on Defense of with the Rules of the House and these rules. mittee Staff must have the appropriate the House Committee on Appropriations and (C) In the event of the termination of the clearances prior to any access to compart- staff of that subcommittee as designated by Committee, Committee Staff will be subject mental information. the chairman of that subcommittee. to any determination made by the House of (B) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub- (d) Oath Representatives with respect to any requests section (a)(1), Members of the Committee (1) Requirement. Before any Member of the for testimony involving classified informa- and the Committee Staff may discuss and Committee, or the Committee Staff, shall tion received while a member of the Com- disclose only that budget-related informa- have access to classified information, the mittee Staff. tion necessary to facilitate the enactment of following oath shall be executed: the annual defense authorization bill with 13. CLASSIFIED MATERIAL I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will the chairmen and ranking minority members (a) Receipt of Classified Information not disclose any classified information re- of the House and Senate Committees on (1) Generally. In the case of any informa- ceived in the course of my service on the Armed Services and the staff of those com- tion that has been classified under estab- House Permanent Select Committee on In- mittees designated by the chairmen of those lished security procedures and submitted to telligence, except when authorized to do so committees. the Committee by any source, the Com- by the Committee or the House of Represent- (C) Notwithstanding the provisions of sub- mittee shall receive such classified informa- atives. section (a)(1), Members of the Committee tion as executive session material. (2) Copy. A copy of such executed oath and the Committee staff may discuss with (2) Staff Receipt of Classified Materials. shall be retained in the files of the Com- and disclose to the chairman and ranking For purposes of receiving classified informa- mittee. minority member of a subcommittee of the tion, the Committee Staff is authorized to (e) Registry. House Appropriations Committee with juris- accept information on behalf of the Com- (1) Generally. The Committee shall main- diction over an agency or program within mittee. tain a registry that: the National Foreign Intelligence Program (b) Non-Disclosure of Classified Information (A) provides a brief description of the con- (NFIP), and staff of that subcommittee as Generally. Any classified information re- tent of all classified documents provided to designated by the chairman of that sub- ceived by the Committee, from any source, the Committee by the executive branch that committee, only that budget-related infor- shall not be disclosed to any person not a remain in the possession of the Committee; mation necessary to facilitate the enact- Member of the Committee or the Committee and ment of an appropriations bill within which Staff, or otherwise released, except as au- (B) lists by number all such documents. is included an appropriation for an agency or thorized by the Committee in accord with (2) Designation by the Staff Director. The program within the NFIP. the Rules of the House and these rules. staff director shall designate a member of (D) The Chairman may, in consultation 14. PROCEDURES RELATED TO HANDLING OF CLASSIFIED the Committee Staff to be responsible for with the Ranking Minority Member, upon the organization and daily maintenance of the written request to the Chairman from INFORMATION (a) Security Measures such registry. the Inspector General of an element of the (3) Availability. Such registry shall be Intelligence Community, grant access to (1) Strict Security. The Committee’s of- available to all Members of the Committee Committee transcripts or documents that fices shall operate under strict security pro- and Committee Staff. are relevant to an investigation of an allega- cedures administered by the Director of Se- tion of possible false testimony or other in- curity and Registry of the Committee under (f) Requests by Members of Other Committees appropriate conduct before the Committee, the direct supervision of the staff director. Pursuant to the Rules of the House, Mem- or that are otherwise relevant to the Inspec- (2) U.S. Capitol Police Presence Required. bers who are not Members of the Committee tor General’s investigation. At least one U.S. Capitol Police officer shall may be granted access to such classified (E) Upon the written request of the head of be on duty at all times outside the entrance transcripts, records, data, charts, or files of an Intelligence Community element, the to Committee offices to control entry of all the Committee, and be admitted on a non- Chairman may, in consultation with the persons to such offices. participatory basis to classified hearings of Ranking Minority Member, make available (3) Identification Required. Before entering the Committee involving discussions of clas- Committee briefing or hearing transcripts to the Committee’s offices all persons shall sified material in the following manner: that element for review by that element if a identify themselves to the U.S. Capitol Po- (1) Written Notification Required. Mem- representative of that element testified, pre- lice officer described in paragraph (2) and to bers who desire to examine classified mate- sented information to the Committee, or was a Member of the Committee or Committee rials in the possession of the Committee, or present at the briefing or hearing the tran- Staff. to attend Committee hearings or briefings on script of which is requested for review. (4) Maintenance of Classified Materials. a non-participatory basis, must notify the (F) Members and Committee Staff may dis- Classified documents shall be segregated and Chief Clerk of the Committee in writing. cuss and disclose such matters as otherwise maintained in approved security storage lo- (2) Committee Consideration. The Com- directed by the Committee. cations. mittee shall consider each such request by

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4067 non-Committee Members at the earliest (C) whether the matter in question other- Member (not a Member of the Committee) practicable opportunity. The Committee wise raises serious questions affecting the receiving such classified materials may prop- shall determine, by roll call vote, what ac- national interest; and erly store classified materials in a manner tion it deems appropriate in light of all of (D) whether the matter in question affects consistent with all governing rules, regula- the circumstances of each request. In its de- matters within the jurisdiction of another tions, policies, procedures, and statutes. termination, the Committee shall consider: Committee of the House. (o) Log (A) the sensitivity to the national defense (3) Views of Other Committees. In exam- The Director of Security and Registry for or the confidential conduct of the foreign re- ining such factors, the Committee may seek the Committee shall maintain a written lations of the United States of the informa- the opinion of Members of the Committee record identifying the particular classified tion sought; appointed from standing committees of the document or material provided to such other (B) the likelihood of its being directly or House with jurisdiction over the matter in committee or Member (not a Member of the indirectly disclosed; question, or submissions from such other Committee), the reasons agreed upon by the (C) the jurisdictional interest of the Mem- committees. Committee for approving such transmission, ber making the request; and (4) Other Advice. The Committee may, dur- and the name of the committee or Member (D) such other concerns, constitutional or ing its deliberations on such requests, seek (not a Member of the Committee) receiving otherwise, as may affect the public interest the advice of any executive branch official. of the United States. such document or material. (h) Reasonable Opportunity to Examine Mate- (3) Committee Action. After consideration (p) Miscellaneous Requirements rials of the Member’s request, the Committee may (1) Staff Director’s Additional Authority. Before the Committee makes any decision take any action it may deem appropriate The staff director is further empowered to regarding any request for access to any clas- under the circumstances, including but not provide for such additional measures, which sified information in its possession, or a pro- limited to: he or she deems necessary, to protect such posal to bring any matter to the attention of (A) approving the request, in whole or part; classified information authorized by the the House or another committee, Members of (B) denying the request; or Committee to be provided to such other com- the Committee shall have a reasonable op- (C) providing the requested information or mittee or Member (not a Member of the portunity to examine all pertinent testi- material in a different form than that sought Committee). by the Member. mony, documents, or other materials in the (2) Notice to Originating Agency. In the (4) Requirements for Access by Non-Com- Committee’s possession that may inform event that the Committee authorizes the dis- mittee Members. their decision on the question. closure of classified information provided to Prior to a non-Committee Member being (i) Notification to the House the Committee by an agency of the executive given access to classified information pursu- branch to a Member (not a Member of the ant to this subsection, the requesting Mem- The Committee may bring a matter to the Committee) or to another committee, the ber shall— attention of the House when, after consider- (A) provide the Committee a copy of the ation of the factors set forth in this rule, it Chairman may notify the providing agency oath executed by such Member pursuant to considers the matter in question so grave of the Committee’s action prior to the trans- House Rule XXIII, clause 13; and that it requires the attention of all Members mission of such classified information. (B) agree in writing not to divulge any of the House, and time is of the essence, or 15. LEGISLATIVE CALENDAR classified information provided to the Mem- for any reason the Committee finds compel- (a) Generally ling. ber pursuant to this subsection to any person The Chief Clerk, under the direction of the not a Member of the Committee or the Com- (j) Method of Disclosure to the House staff director, shall maintain a printed cal- mittee Staff, except as otherwise authorized (1) Should the Committee decide by roll endar that lists: by the Committee in accordance with the call vote that a matter requires the atten- (1) the legislative measures introduced and Rules of the House and these rules. tion of the House as described in subsection referred to the Committee; (5) Consultation Authorized. When consid- (i), it shall make arrangements to notify the (2) the status of such measures; and ering a Member’s request, the Committee House promptly. (3) such other matters that the Committee may consult the Director of Central Intel- (2) In such cases, the Committee shall con- may require. ligence and such other officials it considers sider whether: (b) Revisions to the Calendar necessary. (A) to request an immediate secret session The calendar shall be revised from time to (6) Finality of Committee Decision. of the House (with time equally divided be- time to show pertinent changes. (A) Should the Member making such a re- tween the Majority and the Minority); or quest disagree with the Committee’s deter- (B) to publicly disclose the matter in ques- (c) Availability mination with respect to that request, or tion pursuant to clause 11(g) of House Rule A copy of each such revision shall be fur- any part thereof, that Member must notify X. nished to each Member, upon request. the Committee in writing of such disagree- (k) Requirement to Protect Sources and Methods (d) Consultation with Appropriate Government ment. Entities (B) The Committee shall subsequently con- In bringing a matter to the attention of sider the matter and decide, by record vote, the House, or another committee, the Com- Unless otherwise directed by the Com- what further action or recommendation, if mittee, with due regard for the protection of mittee, legislative measures referred to the any, the Committee will take. intelligence sources and methods, shall take Committee shall be referred by the Chief Clerk to the appropriate department or agen- (g) Advising the House or Other Committees all necessary steps to safeguard materials or information relating to the matter in ques- cy of the Government for reports thereon. Pursuant to Section 501 of the National Se- tion. 16. COMMITTEE TRAVEL curity Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. § 413), and not the Rules of the House, the Committee shall (l) Availability of Information to Other Commit- (a) Authority call to the attention of the House, or to any tees The Chairman may authorize Members and other appropriate committee of the House, The Committee, having determined that a Committee Staff to travel on Committee those matters requiring the attention of the matter shall be brought to the attention of business. House, or such other committee, on the basis another committee, shall ensure that such (b) Requests matter, including all classified information of the following provisions: (1) Member Requests. Members requesting (1) By Request of Committee Member. At related to that matter, is promptly made authorization for such travel shall state the the request of any Member of the Committee available to the chairman and ranking mi- purpose and length of the trip, and shall sub- to call to the attention of the House, or any nority member of such other committee. mit such request directly to the Chairman. other committee, executive session material (m) Provision of Materials (2) Committee Staff Request. Committee in the Committee’s possession, the Com- The Director of Security and Registry for Staff requesting authorization for such trav- mittee shall meet at the earliest practicable the Committee shall provide a copy of these el shall state the purpose and length of the opportunity to consider that request. rules, and the applicable portions of the trip, and shall submit such request through (2) Committee Consideration of Request. Rules of the House of Representatives gov- their supervisors to the staff director and The Committee shall consider the following erning the handling of classified informa- the Chairman. factors, among any others it deems appro- tion, along with those materials determined (c) Notification to Members priate: by the Committee to be made available to (A) the effect of the matter in question on (1) Generally. Members shall be notified of such other committee of the House or Mem- the national defense or the foreign relations all foreign travel of Committee Staff not ac- ber (not a Member of the Committee) of the United States; companying a Member. (B) whether the matter in question in- (n) Ensuring Clearance and Secure Storage (2) Content. All Members are to be advised, volves sensitive intelligence sources and The Director of Security and Registry prior to the commencement of such travel, of methods; shall ensure that such other committee or its length, nature, and purpose.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4068 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 (d) Trip Reports shall be made available for public use in ac- sions enacted into law, and I hope my col- (1) Generally. A full report of all issues dis- cordance with the Rules of the House of Rep- leagues and all Americans will join me. cussed during any Committee travel shall be resentatives. f submitted to the Chief Clerk of the Com- (b) Notice of withholding mittee within a reasonable period of time The Chairman shall notify the Ranking GREEK INDEPENDENCE DAY following the completion of such trip. Minority Member of any decision, pursuant (2) Availability of Reports. Such report The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a to the Rules of the House of Representatives, shall be: previous order of the House, the gen- (A) available for the review of any Member to withhold a record otherwise available, and tleman from Illinois (Mr. KIRK) is rec- or Committee Staff; and the matter shall be presented to the full ognized for 5 minutes. Committee for a determination of the ques- (B) considered executive session material Mr. KIRK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today for purposes of these rules. tion of public availability on the written re- quest of any Member of the Committee. because Sunday marks the 180th anni- (e) Limitations on Travel 20. CHANGES IN RULES versary of the revolution that earned (1) Generally. The Chairman is not author- the independence of the Greek people (a) Generally ized to permit travel on Committee business from the Ottoman Empire. Nearly 400 of Committee Staff who have not satisfied These rules may be modified, amended, or the requirements of subsection (d) of this repealed by vote of the full Committee. years ago, after the fall of Constanti- nople, Bishop Germanos of Patras rule. (b) Notice of Proposed Changes (2) Exception. The Chairman may author- raised the Greek flag at Agia Lavras, ize Committee Staff to travel on Committee A notice, in writing, of the proposed sparking a powerful revolution against business, notwithstanding the requirements change shall be given to each Member at least 48 hours prior to any meeting at which the Ottoman oppressors. of subsections (d) and (e) of this rule— Citing the values and priorities that (A) at the specific request of a Member of action on the proposed rule change is to be the Committee; or taken. led to the establishment of our own (B) in the event there are circumstances f country here in the United States, the beyond the control of the Committee Staff Greek commander chief, Petros hindering compliance with such require- DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Mavromichalis, once proclaimed that ments. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a ‘‘in imitating you, we shall imitate our (f) Definitions previous order of the House, the gentle- ancestors and be thought worthy of For purposes of this rule the term ‘‘reason- woman from California (Ms. ROYBAL- them if we succeed in resembling able period of time’’ means: ALLARD) is recognized for 5 minutes. you...it is for you, citizens of Amer- (1) no later than 60 days after returning Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise ica, to crown this glory.’’ from a foreign trip; and (2) no later than 30 days after returning to join my colleagues in the women’s caucus Following the triumphs of 1821, from a domestic trip. to add my strong support to the struggle Greece continued to prove itself as a 17. DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS against domestic violence. loyal ally of the United States and an (a) Generally It is important for all Americans to under- internationally recognized advocate of The Committee shall immediately consider stand we are all impacted by this violence, democracy. Greece is one of only three whether disciplinary action shall be taken in even if we are not directly victims. Domestic nations in the world beyond those of the case of any member of the Committee violence undermines the very foundation of the former British Empire to be allied Staff alleged to have failed to conform to our American society, the family. And it under- with the United States in every major any Rule of the House of Representatives or mines our quality of life of all of us because international conflict of the 20th cen- to these rules. in one way or another our society pays the tury. (b) Exception price, through the increased homelessness, From the trenches of World War I to In the event the House of Representatives substance abuse, dependence on welfare, ju- the barren fields of Desert Storm, is: Greece remains faithful to the imple- (1) in a recess period in excess of 3 days; or venile delinquency, and lower productivity in (2) has ajdourned sine die; the Chairman on our workplaces that often results from domes- mentation and sustainment of democ- the full Committee, in consultation with the tic violence. racy. Most recently in the Balkans, Ranking Minority Member, may take such These negative effects are documented by Greece has played a steady hand of de- immediate disciplinary actions deemed nec- research which shows that domestic violence mocracy in the face of regional unrest essary. dramatically affects a woman’s ability to work and instability. (C) Available Actions and support herself and her children. This Mr. Speaker, we depend on Greece Such disciplinary action may include im- often forces her to rely on welfare, or even more than ever today. As conflict mediate dismissal from the Committee Staff. worse, to return to her batterer for financial spreads in the neighboring former (d) Notice to Members support. Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, All Members shall be notified as soon as To help stop this cycle of violence, I will Greece’s role as a stable democracy and practicable, either by facsimile transmission once again introduce the Battered Women’s key NATO ally becomes more impor- or regular mail, of any disciplinary action Employment Protection Act, which will help tant. All eyes now turn to young lead- taken by the Chairman pursuant to sub- section (b). abused women retain their jobs and the finan- ers in the Mediterranean like Greece’s (e) Reconsideration of Chairman’s Actions cial independence necessary to escape a vio- Foreign Minister Papandreou to advise A majority of the Members of the full Com- lent environment. us on the path of peace. mittee may vote to overturn the decision of This act achieves these goals by allowing A path to peace. Would that we could the Chairman to take disciplinary action employed victims of domestic violence, without have one in Cyprus, divided by a cold pursuant to subsection (b). penalty, access to reasonable time off from war barrier that is as ugly as it is out- 18. BROADCASTING COMMITTEE MEETINGS work in order to seek legal and medical assist- dated. Whenever any hearing or meeting con- ance, make necessary court appearances, We look with hope at the new Bush ducted by the Committee is open to the pub- and attend to personal security. administration and their role in bring- lic, a majority of the Committee may permit Further, to ensure that battered women can ing together the leaders from Ankara, that hearing or meeting to be covered, in remain financially independent, it requires Nicosia, Athens to find peace. whole or in part, by television broadcast, states to provide unemployment benefits to Greece is a special jewel of beauty in radio broadcast, and still photography, or by women who are forced to leave their work as the Mediterranean from the ecology of any of such methods of coverage, subject to the provisions and in accordance with the a result of domestic violence. Patmos to the vibrant Rembetiko of spirit of the purposes enumerated in the For women attempting to escape abuse, the Plaka. Rules of the House. these safeguards are often a matter of life and I want to wish a hearty congratula- 19. COMMITTEE RECORDS TRANSFERRED TO THE death. Our society cannot afford to ignore this tions to the Greek people and pay spe- NATIONAL ARCHIVES crisis of violence in so many of our families. cial regards to one of the leading (a) Generally Nor can we afford to continue paying the price Greek-Americans of northern Illinois, The records of the Committee at the Na- of its ultimate consequences. I will continue to State Senator Adeline Geo-Karis of tional Archives and Records Administration fight in the 107th Congress to get these provi- Zion, who is one of our true leaders. I

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4069 am sure she will correct all of my pro- age. This is staggering. In Zimbabwe, it While I call on the United States nunciation in the Greek language. is estimated that one-quarter of all Congress to stand with the South Afri- We wish the Greek people well. To Zimbabweans are infected with HIV. In can government and with people living Greece, we say to a free and democratic Botswana, there is a 50 percent chance with AIDS fighting this lawsuit, we ally: Cronia polla hellas. that teenage girls and boys will con- must also redouble our efforts in end- f tract HIV if a sustained strategy to ing this devastating crisis in South Af- prevent new HIV infections is not insti- rica, in the Caribbean, everywhere AIDS PANDEMIC tuted. where drug company profiteering keeps The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under In wealthy countries, including the essential drugs out of reach of the the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- United States, people living with AIDS poor. uary 3, 2001, the gentlewoman from is treatable. In all of Africa, where We must oppose the lawsuit in South California (Ms. LEE) is recognized for 60 more than 70 percent of HIV cases are Africa, instead offer concrete support minutes as the designee of the minor- concentrated and where more than 70 to countries committed to curtailing ity leader. percent of AIDS deaths have already the AIDS crisis through access to af- GENERAL LEAVE occurred, HIV-infected people face fordable treatment. Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- painful, painful death, with no hope of b 1930 mous consent that all Members may treatment because the essential AIDS We need life-saving action, not litiga- have 5 legislative days within which to medications are just too expensive. tion, not lawsuits. revise and extend their remarks and in- They want the drugs but cannot afford the prices set by drug companies. HIV-infected persons have a basic clude extraneous material on the sub- right to vital medicines for prevention ject of my Special Order. We must not tolerate the current pol- icy which dictates that life with a and treatment of AIDS and must have The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there access to drugs for treatment of oppor- objection to the request of the gentle- manageable illness is possible if one is wealthy or if one has money; however, tunistic infections. These are infec- woman from California? tions related to HIV and AIDS such as There was no objection. death from AIDS is certain if one is poor. tuberculosis, pneumonia, shingles and Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, tonight I to anti-retroviral agents. would like to begin by thanking Minor- The African AIDS crisis has spurred a tremendous public outcry for relief, In this debate, it is extremely impor- ity Leader GEPHARDT for allowing to- tant to recognize that access to HIV night’s Special Orders to be held to in- and AIDS patients are demanding the right to live and demanding the basic and AIDS medications is only one part crease the awareness of the AIDS pan- of the solution to our devastating demic which is reeking havoc on Afri- human right to affordable treatment. The South Africa Medicines Act pro- human tragedy in Africa and through- ca, the Caribbean, and many other de- vides the crucial legal clearance re- out the world. The United Nations’ pro- veloping nations throughout the world. quired for South Africa to obtain af- gram on HIV and AIDS estimates that Africa, however, is the epicenter of this fordable life-extending generic HIV it will cost $3 billion to address HIV human tragedy. drugs. But the drug companies claim prevention in sub-Saharan Africa I rise tonight to express my strong that the South African Medicines Act alone. That is $3 billion in 1 year only. opposition to the lawsuit filed against is criminal and unfairly robs them of We need a comprehensive effort to the South African government by 39 their rights to unfettered patent mo- address HIV and AIDS throughout the pharmaceutical companies. In 1997, the nopoly. But I say that this lawsuit is developing world. While we provide South African government passed the criminal. some support for HIV–AIDS education Medicines Act which would allow the Everyone from international patent and prevention initiatives, we must in- manufacturing and the importation of experts to the World Health Organiza- crease development and infrastructure generic life-saving AIDS medicines. tion agrees that the South African building, particularly as it relates to Through this lawsuit, however, the Medicine Act is perfectly legally health care delivery systems and long- pharmaceuticals would all but halt sound. While drug companies paralyze term health management strategies. those opportunities; and this is just the Medicines Act in court, South Afri- A severe lack of basic health and eco- downright wrong. cans face preventable deaths. nomic infrastructure does impede our While this suit has been postponed at According to UNAIDS, every day, ability to combat the HIV and AIDS the request of the pharmaceutical com- 6,000, 6,000 more South Africans die crisis in Africa, the Caribbean and panies, it is slated to be heard by the from AIDS. The continent of Africa ac- throughout the world. Building the South African Justice Department in counts for only 1.3 percent of the global bridge between public and private sec- the near future. Should this lawsuit pharmaceutical market in part because tors and bringing foreign investors to proceed, there is a dangerous potential the average person lives on less than the table is also central to our strategy for life-saving AIDS medicines to be $300 per year. That is $300 per year, in eradicating this disease. These are pushed further out of reach for AIDS while the average AIDS treatment may the crucial elements that are called for patients and communities throughout cost as much as $15,000 per year. in the AIDS Marshall Plan. the world and for those who need them The multinational pharmaceutical Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the most. industry is not concerned with African my predecessor, Congressman Ron Del- While some pharmaceutical compa- profits. But the drug industry fears the lums, for his clarity on this issue and nies have taken steps to lower the growing awareness on the part of his vision in determining a comprehen- costs of these medications, and I ap- American taxpayers that pills cost pen- sive response, and for beating the drug plaud their initiatives, life-saving nies to manufacture. The drug industry in every village, in every community medications still remain far out of also fears that the growing awareness and on every continent. reach for millions of people living with that a large percentage of research and This bridge must be built swiftly, AIDS. Ninety percent of the world’s 36 development costs are born by United otherwise our efforts will be for million people with HIV face a death States taxpayers, and the taxpayer- naught. The AIDS Marshall Plan and sentence, a death sentence because funded inventions are often licensed for the World Bank AIDS trust fund pro- they cannot afford medication because a pittance to the world’s most profit- vide a road map that leads to that they are poor and because they live in able industry. bridge. the developing world. The drug industry fears that this Finally, heavily affected HIV and For example, in countries like growing awareness will reduce the will- AIDS countries must receive complete Zimbabwe and Swaziland, the average ingness of United States consumers multilateral and bilateral debt can- life expectancy was 65 to 70 years of and public programs to continue to pay cellation this year so they can respond age. As a direct impact of AIDS, those the extraordinarily high prices in our to this crisis effectively. AIDS is deci- rates have decreased to 30 to 35 years of own country. mating the continent of Africa and

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4070 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 leaving behind millions of orphans in English-speaking Caribbean, AIDS is tell us, well, the infrastructure is not its wake. By 2010, there will be more the leading cause of death among men in place. Some say there is no way to AIDS orphans in Africa than there are between the ages of 15 and 44; 35 per- ensure that the drugs will reach those children in America’s public schools. cent of HIV-positive adults are women. in need. Others complain that the mag- This is truly mind boggling. A child is either born HIV positive or is nitude of the epidemic is such that we We cannot sacrifice this generation infected through breast milk every day will never be able to provide medicine of children on the altar of indifference. in the English-speaking Caribbean. in the volume needed. I cannot say The AIDS epidemic has cut life expect- In my own district in the U.S. Virgin strongly enough that these excuses are ancy by 25 years in some countries. It Islands, there is a cumulative total of completely unacceptable and is a crisis of biblical proportions in Af- 380 persons living with AIDS reported unsupportable, as is the lawsuit re- rica and puts the very survival of the since we began tracking HIV and AIDS. ferred to by my colleague, the gentle- continent at stake. That seemingly small number becomes woman from California (Ms. LEE). This is not only a humanitarian cri- much larger when you put it against Our humanity demands we respond sis, it is a looming economic, political our small population of 110,000 people, on all levels to reduce any barrier to and social catastrophe. It is a national bringing the Virgin Islands into the top life that this epidemic creates. In doing security threat. We must continue to 10 of U.S. States and territories in so we will also be able to address the raise awareness about the global crisis terms of incidence of AIDS. other obstacles, treating other dis- and this deadly disease and escalate Our neighbor, Puerto Rico, ranks eases, such as malaria, sleeping sick- our efforts to find solutions. HIV–AIDS among the top five in incidence of ness, and the others that also take a is not a Democratic or Republican AIDS among U.S. States and terri- mighty toll. Mr. Speaker, we must care issue. It is a disease that threatens the tories. Major challenges exist in the about human lives lost. We must care entire human family. fight against HIV and AIDS in the Car- about the effect of those losses on the Mr. Speaker, this Congress must con- ibbean, not unlike those in Africa and ability of these countries to grow, to tinue its bipartisan efforts as we began our communities of color here at home. stabilize and to take their place on the last year under the strong leadership of Yesterday I was visited by represent- world’s stage. If nothing else, we must the gentleman from Iowa (Mr. LEACH) atives of the Global Network of People care about the orphaned children to and my colleagues in the Black Caucus living with AIDS, which is a network whom parental love and nurturing have and the Congressional Progressive Cau- by and for people with HIV–AIDS in Af- been lost forever. cus. rica, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Eu- But more than care, we must do Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentle- rope, North America and the Carib- something about it. So I also applaud woman from the Virgin Islands (Mrs. bean. With them were representatives the companies that have stepped up the CHRISTENSEN), who chairs the Congres- of the Caribbean Regional Network of efforts to make life-saving drugs avail- sional Black Caucus’ Health Brain people living with AIDS. able, especially those who have recog- Trust. She is a physician from the Vir- I am always impressed by the com- nized the need to allow some drugs to gin Islands, a region of our world where mitment, despite severe odds, and the be provided in their generic form, as the epidemic is second in its hardest tireless work of these organizations, as Bristol Myers Squibb has done in the hit numbers in terms of infection rates. well as others, and all of the work that one instance. This is the kind of exam- Mrs. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, they are doing to stem the tide of this ple, Mr. Speaker, that we hope others this issue of the HIV and AIDS pan- terrible pandemic around the world. I will understand, accept the need for, demic is one that needs to be on the applaud them, and with them I also ap- and follow. forefront of our agenda every day. I plaud the many community, faith- As one of the companies’ spokes- want to use this time to publicly ap- based, and advocacy organizations that persons has been quoted as saying last plaud my colleague, the gentlewoman are on the front lines of the pandemic week, this is not about profits. It from California (Ms. LEE), for reserving here in the United States where the should not be about profits. It is about this hour to focus on this issue on the epidemic in African American commu- poverty and devastating disease. The floor of the House, and for her hard nities bears many resemblances to the nature of this pandemic demands that work and all of the leadership she has global one. given to the issue of international It is on all of these shores that the business as usual and even profits be AIDS. battle must be fought; and the CBC put aside and that every sector respond This Special Order is timely. On the will continue to be an integral part of fully. If we can rise to the occasion de- one hand it is timely because of the un- it, because whether here or elsewhere, manded by this pandemic everywhere, fortunate and misguided South Africa the persons affected are disproportion- including in our own communities of case, and on the other hand because of ately people of African descent. And color here at home, not only will we the recent commendable responses by while prevention must be the bulwark bring this pandemic under control, we several pharmaceutical companies to of our efforts, we must do all that is will significantly improve the health of the pandemic and the need to make possible to make treatment available people and communities beyond this treatment accessible. to those infected regardless of where one disease and far into the future. Because it does not get much focus, they live, how they live, and their or Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentle- Mr. Speaker, let me use this oppor- their government’s ability to pay. woman for yielding to me, and I yield tunity to interject some information That is why we are here this evening, back to her. about my region, the Caribbean. Al- to call attention, one, to the need to Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the though many of my colleagues do not continue the process begun last year gentlewoman for her statement and recognize it, one of the regions hardest with the passage of the Marshall Plan also for her major contributions in hit by the epidemic is the Caribbean for Africa, and the creation of the trust bringing her medical expertise and her where the HIV infection rates are fund. Now we must fully fund our share commitment to the body politic here among the highest in the world, with and encourage our international part- in the United States Congress. an adult prevalence rate of 2.3 percent, ners, both public and private, to con- Now, I would like to yield to the gen- second only to that of sub-Saharan Af- tribute to create a trust fund that will tlewoman from Illinois (Ms. rica. be large enough to make a difference. SCHAKOWSKY), a real leader on con- Official estimates show that as of De- The provision of effective drugs must sumer issues, on banking issues, and on cember 2000, there were reported 390,000 be a part of the equation. We hear too women’s health issues. She has been persons living with HIV or AIDS in the many reasons why folks say drugs do very focused in terms of her commit- Caribbean. However, because there are not have to be made readily available ment to access to medicines and to reporting barriers, the real number is to the countries that are being dev- treatment for those living with HIV estimated to be closer to 600,000. In the astated in sub-Saharan Africa. They and AIDS.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4071 Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, I drugs in developing countries, or at would require the U.S. to urge the am proud to join today with the gentle- least in sub-Saharan Africa. However, I World Trade Organization to exempt woman from California and other dis- believe that there is more that can and developing countries from the applica- tinguished Members who are concerned must be done. President Bush should tion of provisions of the TRIPS agree- about the scourge of AIDS and HIV in use existing authority to give the ment that restrict their ability to sub-Saharan Africa and around the World Health Organization the right to make HIV/AIDS medicines available to globe. use HIV/AIDS patents where the United their populations at affordable prices. I am glad we decided to work on this States Government has rights to those The Congress, President Bush and his issue from the outset of the 107th Con- inventions. Trade Representative have a responsi- gress. Much discussion but, even more, Great progress has been made in de- bility to South Africa and to the rest action needs to occur in the next 2 veloping products to treat HIV and of the world. It should be the policy of years if we are serious about combat- AIDS, and many of those products were this administration and this Congress ting the spread of HIV–AIDS and if we developed with taxpayer funding. These to denounce efforts that limit access to want to aggressively work to provide publicly financed products should be lifesaving drugs and to attack the relief to those who are already suf- accessible and affordable to consumers AIDS crisis to the fullest extent. Any- fering from this terrible disease. both in the United States and in other thing less would be unconscionable. Those of us here tonight are familiar countries. Along with the gentleman Ms. LEE. I thank the gentlewoman with the staggering statistics. How- from Illinois (Mr. JACKSON), the gentle- from Illinois for a very clear, very pas- ever, I believe that at least some of woman from California (Ms. WATERS) sionate statement and for her con- them need to be repeated time and and the gentlewoman from California sistent work on behalf of all humanity. again until necessary results are (Ms. LEE), I wrote to President Clinton Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentle- achieved. Since the HIV–AIDS pan- on this subject last year and intend to woman from California (Ms. WATERS), a demic began, it has claimed 21.8 mil- raise this issue again with President sponsor of the Affordable HIV/AIDS lion lives. Over 17 million men, women Bush. Medicines for Poor Countries Act. I and children have died due to AIDS in A recent Washington Post editorial also want to make sure that we recog- sub-Saharan Africa alone. Over 36 mil- stated, ‘‘The administration should nize her tonight for actually leading lion people are infected with the HIV lead an international effort to clarify the Congressional Black Caucus’ effort virus today. Over 25 million of them poor countries’ right to fight emer- in our initiatives on the whole HIV/ live in sub-Saharan Africa. By 2010, ap- gencies with generic drugs, and it AIDS pandemic on a global basis, a proximately 40 million children world- should declare its sympathy for the strong supporter of the AIDS Marshall wide will have lost one or both of their South African government in the pend- Plan, and a leader in our debt relief ef- parents to HIV–AIDS. ing case.’’ The editorial went on to say forts. If there is anyone who thinks it does that Robert Zoellick, the U.S. Trade Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, I would not affect them, let me just point out Representative, should come out pub- like to thank the gentlewoman from that one of the side effects of HIV– licly and declare this administration’s California (Ms. LEE) for organizing this AIDS has been the development of support for the Clinton administra- effort tonight to address this critical drug-resistant TB, tuberculosis. One tion’s executive order on pharma- issue of the global HIV/AIDS pandemic. does not have to engage in IV drug use ceuticals for sub-Saharan Africa. I would like to also thank all of my or unprotected sex to get drug-resist- The Congress and the administration colleagues who have extended their day ant TB. Just sit next to someone on an need to work together to form a budget to be here this evening to help draw ad- airplane who coughs on you, and then that includes increased HIV/AIDS fund- ditional attention to this issue. you have it. So all of us are at risk. ing for numerous programs. We also The HIV/AIDS pandemic is having a I find it unspeakably offensive that have a number of legislative initiatives severe impact on many developing 39 pharmaceutical companies filed suit that deserve action. countries, especially those in sub-Sa- against South Africa in order to pre- We need full funding for the World haran Africa. Approximately 17 million vent that country from implementing Bank AIDS Trust Fund legislation Africans have died of AIDS, including aggressive strategies to make life-sav- sponsored by the gentlewoman from 2.4 million who lost their lives in the ing drugs available and affordable. California (Ms. LEE) and the gentleman year 2000 and an estimated 25 million from Iowa (Mr. LEACH). With this bill, people in sub-Saharan Africa are living b 1945 which is a public-private partnership with HIV. In South Africa alone, over 4 I would say that that lawsuit needs dedicated to fighting HIV/AIDS and de- million people are living with HIV. to be immediately dropped. As the veloping vaccines, we have the ability That is almost 10 percent of the coun- world’s leader, the United States must to leverage more than $1 billion in U.S. try’s population. set the moral example for other na- contributions. This bill was authorized In 1997, the South African govern- tions to follow. for 2 years and funded for this year, ment passed a law to make HIV/AIDS We have to think about this. We are and we need to make sure it is included drugs more affordable and available for facing a worldwide pandemic that has in our appropriations priorities this its people. This law allows the importa- the potential of eclipsing all plagues of year. tion of commercial drugs from sources the past, all wars, can destabilize na- I want to thank the gentlewoman other than the manufacturers, a prac- tions and continents and the world, and from California (Ms. WATERS) for her tice called parallel importing, and au- has been declared a security risk by work and for reintroducing the HIV/ thorizes the South African government the United Nations Security Council. AIDS Medicines for Poor Countries to license local companies to manufac- The very idea that profits and patents Act, of which I am an original cospon- ture generic drugs, a practice called and intellectual property rights would sor, and which would make it illegal compulsory licensing. be placed up here while the health of for the United States Government to International pharmaceutical compa- the people of this planet is placed down use the TRIPS agreement, the World nies opposed this law, and no less than here is unimaginable. This is a time in Trade Organization agreement, to chal- 39 pharmaceutical companies sued the history that requires the people of the lenge another country’s efforts to South African government to block its world to sit down at a table and to- make HIV/AIDS drugs available at implementation. Hearings on this law- gether to develop the strategies that lower prices. The bill would also pro- suit are scheduled to resume in April. will end this threat. hibit any agency of the U.S. Govern- Two of the largest companies partici- I welcome the news that the Bush ad- ment from using Federal funds to seek pating in the lawsuit, Merck and Bris- ministration will honor the policies to revoke any law or policy of a devel- tol-Myers Squibb, have recently cut implemented by the Clinton adminis- oping country that promotes access to the prices they charge African coun- tration on the subject of the access to HIV/AIDS medicines. Finally, the bill tries for their AIDS drugs, but their

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4072 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 prices remain well beyond the reach of these people who suffered for so many the resources to help them live rather the people of South Africa. years, who fought and died for the than die. It is a fight and a struggle we I urge all 39 pharmaceutical compa- right just to live in their country, who do not wish to be engaged in if we did nies to drop this case before the trial fought and died for the right to vote, not have to be. But I think, based on resumes next month. It is absolutely who fought and died to release political what we have seen, we have been left unconscionable that some of the prisoners from prison, we did not do all with no choice; and we will engage in world’s wealthiest corporations are of that work, joining with this world that struggle. trying to prevent an African country effort, to stand by and watch 39 phar- b 2000 from manufacturing or purchasing life- maceutical companies try and enforce saving medicines. These are the very their intellectual property right and Ms. LEE. I would like to thank the same corporations that have stead- then, after they are confronted by the gentlewoman for that very eloquent fastly refused to make HIV/AIDS medi- world activist community, say, ‘‘Okay, statement, and also for putting this in cines available to impoverished people we’re going to reduce the price of a historical context for us and remind- in sub-Saharan Africa at reasonable drugs, but the court case remains ing us that we have waged war before prices. It is time to let African coun- open.’’ on a very ruthless system, and we won, tries take care of their people. Mr. Speaker, we will once again join and it is important that we do keep The Agreement on Trade-Related As- hands around the world, and just as we hope alive, because we will win this pects of Intellectual Property Rights, fought and we won on the issue of battle also. known as TRIPS, is one of the inter- apartheid in South Africa, just as we Mr. Speaker, let me now yield to the national agreements enforced by the fought for the release of Nelson gentleman from Chicago, Illinois (Mr. World Trade Organization, commonly Mandela and all of the political pris- DAVIS), an individual whose life has referred to as WTO. The TRIPS agree- oners, just as we fought for the right been committed to social, economic ment allows pharmaceutical companies for the ANC to determine the direction and political justice. He is an indi- to use their patents to prevent poor of the people of South Africa, we will vidual who constantly speaks the truth countries from producing and distrib- fight to make sure that people in on behalf of a variety of issues here in uting affordable HIV/AIDS medicines. South Africa and other parts of sub-Sa- Congress. As a result of the TRIPS agreement haran Africa and people in other devel- Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. I thank the and pressure from the pharmaceutical oping nations are not denied the right gentlewoman very much. I want to companies, many people in developing to simply live because pharmaceutical thank the gentlewoman from Cali- countries have been denied lifesaving companies, protecting their intellec- fornia (Ms. LEE) not only for yielding HIV/AIDS medicines because they sim- tual property rights, their patent but certainly for organizing this spe- ply cannot afford to pay the prices rights, will not allow them to have ac- cial order and for the tremendous work these companies demand. she has done on behalf of all people On March 7, 2001, I introduced H.R. cess to the medicines they need to live. I would like to send a signal and a who are seeking truth and justice, not 933, the Affordable HIV/AIDS Medicines warning to the pharmaceuticals: You only in South Africa but throughout for Poor Countries Act. This bill would cannot get away with tokenism, know- the world. allow developing countries faced with ing it is not enough to reduce the price Mr. Speaker, I rise to join in this dis- an HIV/AIDS crisis to enact legislation of drugs when still the price that you cussion with my colleagues, a discus- to expand the availability and afford- sion concerning an epidemic that is ability of HIV/AIDS medicines without have reduced it to is not low enough. They still cannot afford it. We want negatively impacting the lives of mil- worrying about whether the U.S. Gov- lions of people throughout the world. ernment, the WTO or the multi- you to get out of the way. We have seen what can be done in Across the Atlantic, millions of Afri- national pharmaceutical companies India. We have seen what can be done cans are battling with an epidemic that will challenge their laws. This bill has in Brazil. We are watching them as has ravaged the human capital infra- over 35 cosponsors; and, of course, I structure, leaving homes and commu- urge all of my colleagues to join me they deal with HIV/AIDS, as they put together wonderful programs to pro- nities barren. The dreams and hopes of and support H.R. 933. millions of people have been deferred It would be indefensible for the WTO, vide their people with the medicine as men, women and children engage in which is dominated by the world’s rich- that they need, reducing the caseloads, a losing battle with the silent but pow- est multinational companies, to deny helping to prevent HIV and AIDS. We poor people in the world’s poorest see what can be done if people have ac- erful enemy that is sweeping and dis- countries simple life-prolonging medi- cess to the basic medicines that they mantling Africa at an alarming rate. cines. It would also be indefensible for need. It is without question that the HIV– the United States to support pharma- So we will engage one more time in AIDS crisis has rocked Africa. And, ceutical companies’ efforts to prevent the same kind of battle that we en- yes, I cringe when I hear that 36 mil- poor countries from making AIDS gaged in to get rid of apartheid on this lion people are infected with the HIV medicines available to their people. issue. We do not care how powerful the virus today, while 25 million people Mr. Speaker, I would like to close by pharmaceuticals are. We do not care live in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. saying, many of us spent a considerable how many campaign contributions This deleterious enemy has no com- amount of our time working to dis- have been made. We do not care what passion and strikes without prejudice. mantle apartheid in South Africa. claims they have with the WTO. We HIV–AIDS will have a devastating im- Many of us were involved at the State will fight, and we will win. We will win pact on the fruit of Africa’s future, the level in tremendous divestment of our because this is an issue of life and children. It is estimated that by the pension funds from companies that death and morality. This is an issue year 2010, 35 million children will be in- were doing business in South Africa. where the people will not be denied. fected with HIV–AIDS. Moreover, in Some of my colleagues who were here So, Mr. Speaker, I close this evening the same year approximately 40 mil- in Congress, I think, led by Congress- by saying once again, I thank the gen- lion children will have lost one or both man Ron Dellums, produced the sanc- tlewoman from California (Ms. LEE) of their parents to HIV–AIDS. tions bill on South Africa and basically and all my colleagues who have decided I hasten to mention several socio- helped to draw attention to what was that they are going to take time in economic problems linked to the going on there around the world. We their legislative priorities and put this spread of HIV–AIDS. Millions of chil- were leaders and we helped to galvanize at the top of their priorities. They are dren will be left orphaned; industry the world community on the atrocities doing this, we are doing this, because will suffer due to the decline of a of South Africa. we believe in the right for human healthy workforce; we will see the Mr. Speaker, we did not do that work beings to live when we know we have sharp decrease of young adult and mid- to simply stand by and watch all of the medicines and the assistance and dle age populations, which will reduce

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4073 consumption and halt local economies; same types of disparities that urban eration. Saving lives is far more impor- we will see the fiscal ruin of poor coun- communities have to deal with, and of- tant than protecting the profit rights tries attempting to bear the exorbitant tentimes in greater numbers. of the individual companies. We need health service delivery costs. Further- Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, I want to accelerate the efforts to increase more, communities and homes will be to thank the gentlewoman from Cali- AIDS awareness in all of these coun- left divided due to the destruction and fornia (Ms. LEE), who not only has or- tries as well, particularly in Africa and devastation caused by HIV–AIDS. ganized this special order to allow us particularly in rural Africa as well. In North America and in other coun- to express our concern and passion and In a recent Washington Post story, it tries of wealth, HIV–AIDS is being outrage that we are putting profit over was said that information came to a somewhat controlled. Through collabo- saving lives, but for her tireless and local community some 20 years after ration, the road for a brighter tomor- continuous leadership in this area. I the epidemic started, and that informa- row is chartered. Because we place a am looking forward to the gentle- tion could have saved hundreds and priority in stopping this disease in woman showing us how to make sure thousands of lives. To demonstrate how more wealthy countries, citizens have we do things in rural America as well. slowly information moved, that same benefitted directly from innovative re- The gentlewoman has asked us to article said that it took 3 years for search and best practices. They have concentrate on the whole issue of the critical information to move from a better access to affordable medication, AIDS epidemic in Africa. The AIDS devastated health center just 3 miles and their quality of life has been great- epidemic has devastated many coun- down a paved road. By then, 30 percent ly enhanced. tries in Africa, leaving few men, of the entire town’s population was suf- Yet this is not the case for Africa. In women and children untouched. Sub- fering from HIV, and they need not all of Africa, where more than 80 per- Saharan Africa has been far more se- have had that happen. We have to work cent of HIV cases are concentrated and verely affected by AIDS than any other to ensure that stories like this are no where more than 70 percent of AIDS part of the world. In 16 countries, all, longer the norm. deaths have already occurred, HIV-in- all in Sub-Saharan Africa, more than Everyone, including governments in fected people face painful death with one in 10 adults is affected by the HIV Africa, the United States and other no hope of treatment because critical virus. That is one out of 10. governments around the world, must AIDS medications are too expensive. According to a joint report issued by assist in this effort. More support We must unite and work on a solu- the Joint United Nations Report on should be given to volunteer coun- tion that provides affordable treatment HIV and AIDS, one-half, in fact maybe seling, testing and treatment. These and needed drugs to treat every Afri- more than one-half, of all children, 15- programs enable African men and can man, woman and child. year-olds, will either die from AIDS or women, not only in terms of prevention The huge discrepancy in the delivery be affected by it. We cannot accept but also to learn of their HIV status. of health services in rich and poor that as normal. In the United States, people have countries begs the question, are we I want to quote from a recent article lived much longer and in improved truly serious about assisting our broth- in the paper that says this: health with HIV because we indeed ers and sisters in Africa? If we are seri- The question of how to provide affordable have had drug treatment that has in- ous about finding solutions to this epi- AIDS medicine to impoverished people is creased the quality of life. These drug demic, then I charge us to commit our- plaguing governments throughout sub-Saha- treatments, however, are too costly selves to fighting for the humanity of ran Africa, where 25.3 million of 36.1 million and not accessible for most people liv- our African brothers and sisters, at people with HIV live, according to United ing in Africa. Until we find a cure, this Nations estimates. In neighboring Botswana, whatever the cost. We must provide where 36 percent of adults are infected with treatment must be made not only for life-saving drugs at reasonable cost. We the HIV virus, which causes AIDS, the gov- those of us who live in a developed must support funding for innovative re- ernment announced today it hoped to pro- country but those who live in Africa as search in finding a cure. We must sup- vide antiretroviral medication by the year’s well. port the regulation of affordable drugs end to all who need it. Treatment can prolong life, it can for all Africans infected by this deadly However, Botswana does not know add to the quality of life, and, signifi- disease. We must support the develop- how they will afford it. cantly, it can improve the family’s op- ment of a comprehensive HIV–AIDS Botswana has the highest rate of HIV in- portunity to participate in that. In policy for Africa. fection in the world, but the country’s entire fact, AIDS-related mortality in this As a civil society, we ourselves must population of 1.6 million is less than the country has fallen by 75 percent be- unite to confront this dilemma head number of HIV patients here. cause, in the last 3 years, because we on, to defeat this plague which has us Their entire population. We need to have had added to the treatment, so anxious and on the run. It is time for understand that this is not insignifi- the mortality of AIDS has decreased. us to stop running and begin to act. cant. This is a very, very serious prob- But that is not the case in Africa. In That time is now. lem. just a 3-year period there are news arti- I want to thank the gentlewoman Secretary Colin Powell has indicated cles indicating it is growing faster. In from California (Ms. LEE) again for not that AIDS is a national security prob- fact, children are being orphaned at an only yielding but for providing this op- lem and an economic problem. I hope increased rate. Many of these orphan portunity to discuss such an important this remains a concern of the adminis- children will end up dying because issue. tration. But, more than that, I hope they, too, are infected by AIDS, of Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the this translates into real, meaningful which their parents have died. This is gentleman from Illinois for his very policy action that will make a dif- unacceptable to society in the 21st cen- powerful statement, and also for pro- ference in treating those in Africa. tury. It is unacceptable morally. We viding a road map in terms of what we Given the loss of lives that AIDS has cannot accept this as being a civil soci- need to do. caused, the devastation of entire com- ety. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentle- munities and the long-term impact of There is a treatment called HAART woman from North Carolina (Mrs. economic growth, we must step up our which is highly effective. This therapy CLAYTON), who has been a leader and is effort to fight this devastating disease. has indeed been found by a Congres- a leader on a variety of issues here in With children dying at the age of 15 sional Research Service Report to save this Congress and at home in North and with a life expectancy of no more victims of AIDS. We should indeed Carolina. Specifically, she is working than 45 years for a child born in many make that available. very diligently on the HIV–AIDS crisis of these countries, what should be done The President and Congress must in rural communities, and she always should never be a question of other keep this issue on the top of the agenda reminds us that rural communities than to save lives. The moral right to and find assistance, but, most impor- have the same types of diseases and save lives outweighs any profit consid- tantly, the pharmaceutical companies

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4074 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 must be urged to provide needed drugs HIV AND AIDS STATISTICS, NOVEMBER 2000—Continued As my colleague well knows, we were to Africa at a substantially reduced Injection drug users ...... (25%) together at the United Nations when rate. We indeed celebrate and applaud Heterosexual exposure ...... (10%) Vice President Gore spoke to this those who have reduced rates. But that Blood or blood product infection ...... (2%) issue, with the support of Kofi Annan is not enough. Drug companies, par- Reported total AIDS deaths in the U.S. through 1999 ... 430,441 and the former United States ambas- ticularly pharmaceutical companies 1 Sources: UNAIDS HIV/AIDS Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic— sador to the U.N. It was clear that the June 2000. with these treatments, are compelled 2 Sources: CDC ‘‘HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report’’ Vol. 11, No. 2; National members of the Security Council were to act morally now, not later. Indeed, Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 48 No. 11, July 24, 2000. recognizing that this is a devastating it is not the moral thing to enter into Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I want to plague. So I believe that it is of neces- a lawsuit to protect your property thank the gentlewoman from North sity that we acknowledge it, we ac- rights while individuals are dying. In- Carolina for her very comprehensive knowledge the fact that HIV/AIDS has deed, we call on these companies in- statement and for reminding us that been declared the world’s deadliest dis- deed to drop that lawsuit. this is a global pandemic. We did de- ease by the World Health Organization. The responsibility for treating and clare in Alameda County a state of It is expected to grow in intensity in hopefully ending the AIDS epidemic is emergency as it relates to the HIV/ India, Southeast Asia, and in China. on the shoulders of us all. It is also on AIDS pandemic in our own area in Mr. Speaker, HIV/AIDS has become a the shoulders of the people in Africa, Northern California. I also thank the plague on the continent of Africa of and we ask that they recognize, all of gentlewoman for reminding the admin- biblical proportions by claiming over the governments, that they indeed istration of their commitment to ad- 18 million lives in recent decades. This have a problem. dress this as a priority. crisis is having a direct impact on the Again, Mr. Speaker, I am delighted Mr. Speaker, I now yield to the gen- future viability of many sub-Saharan that the gentlewoman has allowed us tlewoman from Texas (Ms. JACKSON- countries. For this reason, I am de- to speak on this issue. LEE), who serves on the Committee on lighted this evening to again emphasize Let me just say that Africa is indeed the Judiciary. I have had the privilege the importance of how we can bring suffering from the scourge of this, but to benefit from her insights in our about a cure or bring about a dimin- I would be remiss in not saying that travels to Africa, looking at the devas- ishing of this terrible impact. where the rest of the Nation indeed is tation caused by this pandemic as it re- We need additional funding for medi- getting hold of this problem and indeed lates to orphans and children, also as it cation to be made available to the mil- moving in the right direction, that five relates to women and economic devel- lions of poor around the world, to fight States, including my State, North opment in Nigeria. the growing death toll attributable to Carolina, as well as South Carolina, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. HIV/AIDS. The impact of the HIV/AIDS Georgia, Mississippi and Alabama, are Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman for epidemic on sub-Saharan Africa has indeed going in the wrong direction. her leadership and the opportunity to been especially severe. Since the begin- join her on this important Special b 2015 ning of the epidemic, over 80 percent of Order that is seeking to put, again, on all AIDS deaths have occurred in sub- the national horizon the question of These are 5 States that are exceeding Saharan Africa, and by the end of 1999 HIV/AIDS and its international impact. the States in other areas. Indeed, poor there were an estimated 23.3 million Let me thank the gentlewoman very areas in North Carolina are increasing people in sub-Saharan Africa living much for her leadership on the Mar- in the incidence of tuberculosis, as well with HIV/AIDS. That is 70 percent of as AIDS. So I want to work in my shall Plan of the 106th Congress; and of course, we want to see it funded again the total HIV-infected people world- State on these emergencies, and I want wide. to urge our citizens and our pharma- this year. I do not know if we realize the deep In sub-Saharan Africa there are over ceutical companies to respond to the 5,000 AIDS-related funerals per day. well-documented urgency of millions of sphere, the piercing of the heart of what HIV/AIDS has done internation- That is why when we passed the Afri- people who are dying daily from the can Growth and Opportunity Act, a scourge of this disease in Africa. ally. In our travels in visiting South Africa, we came upon an area in trade bill and, of course, many went to Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentle- the floor of the House and said, what woman for allowing me to participate. Soweto where, as we entered the area, we were told of a woman who had just relevance does a trade bill have to do HIV AND AIDS STATISTICS, NOVEMBER 2000 been stoned to death because of her with Africa now, when, in fact, they willingness to stand up and admit that are dying of HIV/AIDS. But it was im- GLOBAL 1 she was HIV infected. These are the portant, and I offered amendments, to People newly infected with HIV/AIDS in 1999 ...... 5.4 million kinds of cultural differences that bar focus the corporate community on pro- Adults ...... 4.7 million viding resources. I am sorry to say that Women ...... 2.3 million information from getting to large seg- Children younger than 15 ...... 620,000 ments of the population in Africa. we are not yet there with enough re- Number of people living with HIV/AIDS ...... 34.3 million Although I would say that I am grati- sources to help in the devastating pan- Adults ...... 33.0 million fied by the progress that has been demic that is going on and the re- Women ...... 15.7 million Children younger than 15 ...... 1.3 million made, it is clearly a necessity that we sources needed to provide the medica- AIDS deaths in 1999: ...... 2.8 million speak about this issue today and that tion. Adults ...... 2.3 million we encourage and work with and make The world knew the size of the com- Women ...... 1.2 million ing catastrophe in Africa and had the Children younger than 15 ...... 500,000 a strong request to the Congress and to Total number of AIDS deaths since the beginning of 18.8 million the White House to put this as one of means available to slow its progres- the epidemic. its number one priorities. sion. Estimates from the World Health Adults ...... 15.0 million Let me also emphasize that this Organization in 1990 and 1991 projected Women ...... 7.7 million Children younger than 15 ...... 3.8 million weekend I was able to participate in a a caseload and eventual death toll in USA 2 community partners conference on the tens of millions by 2000. Yet, we did Reported total AIDS cases in the U.S. through 1999 ..... 733,374 HIV/AIDS in the 18th Congressional not act. And now is the time that we By gender: District in Houston. Over 500 people must establish the fact of a crisis not Male ...... (82%) were present there who obviously were only of mind and action, but of heart. Female ...... (18%) concerned about domestic AIDS, a va- Less than 20 years after doctors first By race/ethnicity: Children younger than 13 ...... (1%) riety of minority groups from all over described the symptoms, HIV has in- Whites ...... (43%) the country who have helped sponsor fected 53 million people. So far, 19 mil- Blacks ...... (37%) this particular conference; and they lion have died, roughly the population Latino/a ...... (18%) too were as concerned about the inter- along the Amtrak route from New Asian/Pacific Islander ...... (<1%) By method of exposure: national impact as they were con- York to Washington, D.C. We have Men who have sex with men ...... (47%) cerned about the national impact. pharmaceutical companies who have

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4075 offered to provide charitable dollars to ference in Durban, South Africa, in the close of this year if we make the commit- help; but I believe we need important bringing back the information. ment to do so today. action, and that is why I am a cospon- This is a time now for us to be con- The cost of HIV/AIDS treatment for those sor of the Affordable HIV/AIDS Medi- cerned about our babies, the babies of living in the third world is estimated to be cines for Poor Countries Act of 2001. It the world, the babies in sub-Saharan about $10,000 a year. It is estimated that even is important that pharmaceuticals Africa, the women of the world, the if treatment cost were reduced to only $1,000 begin in a massive way to allow generic men of the world, families of the world. a year it would still be far too expensive for drugs to go into sub-Saharan Africa to It is time now that we stand and join in Third World countries. be able to confront this problem. It is with the World Health Organization, Drug therapies that have extended the lives only a matter of funding, and we need this administration, the Congress, of people living with HIV/AIDS in the United the administration and its White House many of our progressive caucuses, in- States and other developed countries could Office on AIDS policy to begin to de- cluding the Congressional Black Cau- cost between $4,000 and $20,000 per person velop this kind of strategy and work cus, Mr. Speaker, and provide a resolu- per year in sub-Saharan Africa. with the pharmaceuticals to now go to tion and a solution to the devastation The treatment of HIV/AIDS involves three the next step and be able to develop and death. drugs that taken in combination can prolong these generic drugs. Mr. Speaker, I rise to join my democratic the life of an AIDS patient significantly. In the United States, where the treatment The administration and Congress can colleague, Representative BARBARA LEE from work together, along with the Congres- California, in expressing our concerns regard- has become standard, the AIDS-related mor- sional Black Caucus and many other ing the ravages of HIV/AIDS on the continent tality rate fell 75 percent in three years. The therapies, which use various combina- caucuses that are concerned about this of Africa. For this reason I am in favor of any tions of antiviral drugs emerged in Western issue. This effort should be led by drug effort by this body to increase access to HIV/ countries five years ago, transforming the manufacturers and the Congress. It AIDS treatment and education throughout the health and future of AIDS patients who took should be a top priority. We could see developing world, but especially on the con- them. an end to unnecessary deaths and suf- tinent of Africa. Since that time the gap in medical care be- fering by the close of this year if we HIV/AIDS has been declared the world’s tween rich and poor countries has grown tre- make the commitment to do so today. deadliest disease by the World Health Organi- mendously—our nation along with other The cost of HIV/AIDS treatment for zation. HIV/AIDS has become a plague on the should be ashamed at this condition. those living in the Third World is esti- Continent of Africa of biblical proportions by Now we are faced with a situation where the mated to be about $10,000. It is esti- claiming over 18 million lives in recent dec- world’s largest drug companies have begun a mated even if treatment costs were re- ades. Unlike the black death in 14th century court challenge of South Africa’s efforts to buy duced to only $1,000 a year, it would Europe, which took half as many lives, the cheap, generic substitutes for patented AIDS still be far too expensive for Third means of controlling AIDS were known. medicines. World countries. Drug therapies that This crisis is having a direct impact on the Of the estimated 36 million people living have extended the lives of people living future viability of many sub-Saharan African with HIV more than 25 million are in sub-Sa- with HIV/AIDS in the United States communities. For this reason, I am joining haran Africa. Nearly 4.2 million of South Afri- and other developed countries could Congresswoman LEE of California in support ca’s 45 million people are infected with the cost between $4,000 and $20,000 per per- of additional funding for medication to be virus, more than in any other country. son per year in sub-Saharan Africa. We made available to the millions of poor around According to the UNAIDS Update report re- can do this. The treatment of HIV/ the world to fight the growing death toll attrib- leased last week on HIV/AIDS infection rates AIDS involves three drugs that, taken uted to HIV/AIDS. in many countries up to 35% of all adults are in combination, can prolong the life of The impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on infected with the disease. The report also esti- an AIDS patient significantly, the sub-Saharan Africa has been especially se- mates that half of today’s teenage population cocktail. In the United States we have vere. Since the beginning of the epidemic, in parts of Africa will perish from HIV/AIDS. seen a 75 percent decline in the amount over 80% of all AIDS deaths have occurred in The most vulnerable group being affected by of mortality in the last 3 years. sub-Saharan Africa. By the end of 1999, there HIV/AIDS is the women of Africa; their infec- The therapies which use various com- were an estimated 23.3 million people in sub- tion rate is far greater than males. About fifty- binations of anti-viral drugs emerged Saharan Africa living with HIV/AIDS. That is five percent of all adults living with HIV are in Western countries 5 years ago, 70% of the total number of HIV-infected peo- women, and this rate is expected to continue transforming the health and future of ple worldwide. In sub-Saharan Africa, there to rise in countries where poverty, poor health AIDS patients who took them. Since are over five thousand AIDS-related funerals systems and limited resources for prevention that time, the gap in medical care be- per day. and care are present. What fuels the spread tween rich and poor countries has The world knew the size of the coming ca- of this disease or any disease is, misinforma- grown tremendously. We have a crisis, tastrophe in Africa and had the means avail- tion, cultural practices, passivity on the part of Mr. Speaker, and we can do something able to slow its progression. Estimates from leaders, neglect on the part of those nations about it. Of the estimated 36 million the World Health Organization in 1990 and with resources that if engaged would make a people living with HIV, more than 25 1991 projected a caseload, and eventual difference in the fight to win out over the dis- million are in sub-Saharan Africa. death toll, in the tens of millions by 2000. ease. Nearly 42 million of South Africa’s 45 Less than 20 years after doctors first de- I would like to commend Congresswoman million people are infected with the scribed its symptoms; HIV has infected 53 mil- LEE for her efforts to offer a clear perspective virus, more than any other country. lion people. So far, 19 million have died, on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa. She re- What I would say, Mr. Speaker, is that roughly the population along the Amtrak route cently returned from Durban, South Africa, the UNAID update report released last from New York to Washington, DC. after participating in AIDS 2000, which was week on HIV/AIDS infection rates re- Recently a drug company announced an ini- the 13th International AIDS conference. ports that in many countries, up to 35 tiative to offer a limit of $100 million in chari- Now, more than ever, the leadership of the percent of all adults are infected with table contributions of medicines to fight AIDS United States is needed in order to avert a the disease. The report also estimates in Africa. tragedy on the Continent of Africa. Therefore, that half of today’s teenage population I would offer that the drug manufacturers I implore my fellow colleagues of the House to in parts of Africa will perish from HIV/ and the Congressional Black Caucus should seriously reconsider the level of funding that AIDS, and the most vulnerable group be on the same side in this effort. It is only a has been appropriated for this critical area. are women in Africa. Fifty-five percent matter of funding, which this Administration Many people have asked why this is impor- of all adults living with HIV are could take the lead in gathering from the glob- tant to the United States. I reiterate that aside women. I believe we can do something al community of wealthier nations. This effort from the humanitarian perspective, the CIA about this, and I thank the gentle- should be lead by drug manufacturers and the has issued a report that declares HIV/AIDS a woman from California (Ms. LEE) and Congress as a top priority. We could see an threat to our national security. HIV/AIDS un- her visit to the South African con- end to unnecessary deaths and sufferings by dermines democracy and progress in many

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4076 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 African nations and the developing world. Left World Bank AIDS Trust Fund. This landmark Thailand, and averted an epidemic in Senegal. to its own course HIV/AIDS will lead to polit- public/private partnership, authorized under We know that prevention and education pro- ical instability and may result in civil wars, the Global AIDS and Tuberculosis Relief Act grams work. The United States must now which may affect the global balance of powers of 2000, is designed to leverage contributions demonstrate leadership in providing needed as well as economic viability of many African with additional resources from the international funding so that effective programs can be ex- nations. In many of these instances, our mili- donor community as well as from the private panded and replicated. tary service personnel may be pressed into sector. These funds are necessary to imple- We must also invest in the efforts to de- service in order to defend American interest in ment HIV/AIDS best practices in countries velop a vaccine. Vaccines are our best hope any attempt to bring stability to those nation’s hardest hit by HIV/AIDS. to bring this epidemic under control, and we that decline into civil strife because of the rav- While the HIV/AIDS disease continues to must do all we can to facilitate cooperation be- ages of HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS like any plague devastate humanity and finding a cure seems tween the public and private sectors in order cannot be contained in any specific geo- far into the future, we cannot afford to give up. to bring together the necessary resources and graphical area it will roll across borders of the I will continue to devote my time and energy expertise. rich and poor nations alike. Unfortunately, to finding solutions to the myriad difficulties Unfortunately, these challenges are only the when this dreaded disease came to our surrounding the treatment and fight against beginning. India already has more infected shores many felt that it was a calamity for gay AIDS. people than any other nation, over 3.5 million. people, drug users AIDS knows no bound- Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I commend Con- Experts are predicting that without significant aries. With globalization, we also must be con- gresswoman BARBARA LEE for organizing to- efforts to treat those with HIV and prevent new scious of the potential for AIDS and other in- day’s Special Order and for her leadership in infections the number of people living with fectious diseases to be carried across borders. the fight against the global AIDS pandemic. HIV/AIDS in India could surpass the combined The World Health Organization estimates Rep. LEE’s work was instrumental in the es- number of cases in all African countries within that 34.5 million children and adults in Africa tablishment and funding of the World Bank two decades. Asia already accounts for one are living with HIV and/or AIDS. We must Trust Fund. With her unrelenting advocacy, out of every four infections worldwide. The work to bring this tragic situation under control over the course of the past year, the world Newly Independent States in the former Soviet using all means at our disposal as a nation, has finally, albeit belatedly, started taking no- Union are also seeing significant increases in which includes acting in a leadership capacity tice of the global AIDS pandemic and the their HIV infection rates. There has been a to encourage other nations to join in an effort havoc it is creating in the developing world. I six-fold increase in the number of HIV infec- to address this mammoth health crisis. join her today in calling for a stronger U.S., tions in Eastern Europe and Central Asia in I would ask my colleagues not to continue international, and multilateral commitment to the last four years. Developing nations will be unable to turn the to bury their minds under useless words, but combat global HIV/AIDS, which is the world’s tide on this epidemic if even the most basic to apply our collective resources to find solu- most deadly infectious disease ever. tions to the problem of HIV/AIDS in Africa. The social, economic, security and human health care is unavailable or out of reach for Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I want to costs of this crisis are devastating entire na- most of their citizens. Yet despite such scar- thank my colleague from Texas for city, community-based organizations in vil- tions. Increased funding for global AIDS pro- taking time out of her very busy sched- lages are doing much with little. People must grams must be provided as part of a renewed ule and making a major contribution be educated about HIV and how to prevent its commitment to a comprehensive and ade- to this Special Order tonight. spread. Increased testing and counseling op- quately funded development assistance strat- In closing, Mr. Speaker, let me just portunities are desperately needed. Basic care egy addressing the new challenges facing the say, I think we have heard tonight and treatment that can be delivered in homes developing world as a result of HIV/AIDS. from many of my colleagues who are or makeshift clinics is essential. And the need The United States must take the lead. Our indicating that they believe, as I do, for support for the growing number of children investment in the fight against the global AIDS that this lawsuit should be dropped and orphaned by AIDS looms large. it should be dropped immediately. We pandemic not only has a direct impact, but it Access to affordable drugs is a critical piece have made some progress in the fight also leverages significant funds from other of the fight against global AIDS in the devel- against this pandemic, but we cer- countries and multilateral institutions. Non-gov- oping world. In January, I joined with 28 Mem- tainly do not need any more obstacles ernmental organizations working to fight global bers of Congress in writing President Bush to making sure that people begin to re- AIDS believe that the U.S. funding for global urging this Administration to continue the Clin- ceive medication so that they can live. AIDS programs should be doubled this year, ton Administration’s Executive Order pro- I thank my colleagues, once again, to a total across all U.S. agencies and pro- moting Access to HIV/AIDS Pharmaceuticals for joining us this evening. grams of $464.5 million. Just to put this num- and Medical Technologies. We must take Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD. Mr. Speaker, ber in perspective, the Joint United Nations every possible action to ensure that people HIV/AIDS continues to devastate women Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates with HIV/AIDS around the world have access throughout the world and nowhere is it more that $3 billion is needed annually for Africa to life-saving drugs. overwhelming than on the African continent. alone to provide minimal care, anti-viral drugs, The fight ahead of us against the global As news reports tell us daily, AIDS in Africa and HIV prevention. Estimates of costs for an AIDS pandemic is a long one. We have no has reached crisis proportions. Two-thirds of effective response to the epidemic worldwide choice but to engage in the fight and to pre- the world’s 33 million AIDS infected victims start at $7 billion annually. vail. I look forward to working with Congress- live on the African continent. Tragically, the In FY 2001, Congress and the Administra- woman LEE and others here and in the NGO epicenter of this disease is among African tion significantly expanded funding for global community to promote U.S. leadership in the women with profound effects on their children. HIV/AIDS efforts with the LIFE (Leadership fight against global AIDS. More than nine-tenths of the eight million chil- and Investment in Fighting an Epidemic) initia- Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, I am dren orphaned by AIDS last year were in Afri- tive. The Foreign Operations Appropriations proud to join today with the gentlewoman from ca. What can any of us do? Subcommittee, on which I have served as the California (Ms. LEE) and other distinguished New and inexpensive drug treatments that Ranking Democrat, succeeded in our effort to members who are concerned about the help prevent mother-to-child transmission dramatically increase funding for global AIDS scourge of HIV and AIDS in sub-Saharan Afri- need to be employed in Africa. Governments, at the United States Agency for International ca and around the globe. I am glad we have corporations and non-governmental organiza- Development. Programs which last year re- decided to work on this issue from the outset tions must coordinate strengths and cooperate ceived $190 million for international preven- of the 107th Congress. There is a lot of dis- in addressing major problem areas, including tion, care, and education efforts, including pro- cussion and even more action that needs to the critical absence of adequate infrastructure grams to prevent mother-to-child transmission occur in the next two years if we are serious throughout the continent. Local capacity must and address the needs of the growing popu- about combating the spread of HIV/AIDS and be developed through education of the lation of AIDS orphans, will receive $315 mil- if we want to aggressively work to provide re- masses, and scientific knowledge needs to be lion in the current fiscal year. lief to those who are already suffering from improved. So much more needs to be done. this terrible disease. I call upon the Administration to include Comprehensive prevention efforts have Those of us here tonight are familiar with $150 million in its FY2002 budget for the turned around HIV epidemics in Uganda and the staggering statistics. However, I believe

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4077 that at least some of them need to be re- developing vaccines, we have the ability to le- domestic violence incidents involve violence peated time and again until necessary results verage more than a $1 billion U.S. contribu- against females. are achieved. tion. This bill was authorized for two years and Although domestic violence effects women Since the HIV/AIDS pandemic began, it has funded for this year and we need to make across all racial and economic lines, a high claimed 21,800,000 lives. sure it is included in our appropriations prior- percentage of these victims are women of Over 17,000,000 men, women, and children, ities this year. color. African American women account for 16 have died due to AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa I want to thank Congresswoman WATERS for percent of the women who have been phys- alone. her work and for reintroducing the HIV/AIDS ically abused by a husband or partner in the Over 36,000,000 people are infected with Medicines for Poor Countries Act, which I am last five years. African American women were the HIV virus today. Over 25,000,000 live in an original cosponsor of, and which would the victims in more than 53 percent of the vio- sub-Saharan Africa. make it illegal for the U.S. government to use lent deaths that occurred in 1997. This is why By 2010, approximately 40,000,000 children the TRIPS agreement to challenge another we must continue to fund programs like the Vi- worldwide will have lost one or both of their countries efforts to make HIV/AIDS drugs olence Against Women Grants that also fund parents to HIV/AIDS. available at lower prices. The bill would also projects to encourage arrests of the perpetra- One does not have to look far to come prohibit any agency of the U.S. government tors of these most dreadful crimes. across scores of figures like those I just men- from using federal bills to seek to revoke any I am joining my colleagues of the Women’s tioned. And, as daunting a picture as the num- law or policy of a developing country that pro- Caucus to express concern about the plight of bers paint for us, there are in fact many things motes access to HIV/AIDS medicines. Finally, women’s health in our nation, but to also in- that can be done right now to advance the the bill would require the U.S. to urge the clude in that debate the negative health ef- struggle to prevent others from being infected World Trade Organization (WTO) to exempt fects of domestic violence on our nation’s and to help extend the lives of those who are developing countries from the application of women. already suffering. provisions of the TRIPS agreement that re- Mr. Speaker, I would also like to bring The numerous drug companies that have strict their ability to make HIV/AIDS medicines awareness to the specific problems within my filed suit against South Africa in order to pre- available to their populations at affordable state of Texas. In Texas, there were 175,725 vent that country from implementing aggres- prices. incidents of family violence in 1998. An esti- sive strategies to make life-saving drugs avail- The Congress, President Bush, and his mated 824,790 women were physically able and affordable immediately should be Trade Representative have a responsibility to abused in Texas in 1998. Of all of the women dropped. I am appalled by the drug industry’s South Africa and to the rest of the world. It killed in 1997, 35 percent were murdered by thirst for profit and willful neglect of the AIDS should be the policy of this Administration and their intimate male partners. In 1998, 110 pandemic in Africa. These companies have to this Congress to denounce efforts that limit ac- women were murdered by their partners. stop putting profits before people. And, as the cess to life savings drugs and to attack the A new member of my staff is an advocate world’s leader, the United States must set the AIDS crisis to the fullest extent. Anything less against and survivor of domestic violence and moral example for other nation’s to follow. would be unconscionable. she offers this message to those who seek to I welcome news that the Bush Administra- f remedy this situation. On March 18, 1990, she tion will honor the policies implemented by the VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN made the difficult decision to end her marriage Clinton Administration on this subject. How- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. of fourteen years, which was plagued by mar- ever, I believe that there is more that can and ital abuse. From her experience she has com- must be done. President Bush should use ex- GRAVES). Under a previous order of the House, the gentlewoman from Texas mitted her life to advocating for and assisting isting authority to give the World Health Orga- women in crisis. ‘‘Women often do not want nization (WHO) the right to use HIV/AIDS pat- (Ms. JACKSON-LEE) is recognized for 5 minutes. the relationship to end, they want the violence ents where the United States government has to stop!’’ Instead of seeing women as helpless rights to those inventions. Great progress has Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise to offer comment on a source of poor victims they are in fact courageous survivors been made in developing products to treat HIV who work hard to preserve their families. The and AIDS, and many of those products were women’s health that is one hundred percent preventable—injuries and deaths caused by women of which I speak was the organizer of developed with taxpayer funding. These pub- the City of Houston’s first Candlelight Vigil in licly-financed products should be accessible domestic violence. The injuries, mental and emotional conditions of women and their chil- observance of Domestic Violence Awareness and affordable to consumers both in the Month. She was asked by Vice President Al United States and in other countries. Along dren who are the witnesses or victims of do- mestic violence could be prevented, but there Gore at a White House ceremony, unveiling with Representatives JACKSON, WATERS, and postage stamps with the National Domestic Vi- LEE, I wrote to President Clinton on this sub- is a lack of resolve on the part of Congress to make this a top priority. olence Hotline number on the cover, to tell her ject last year and intend to raise this issue story. again with President Bush. The dynamics of domestic violence are all An example how important federal efforts in A recent Washington Post editorial stated, encompassing and usually starts as emotional abuse that evolves into physical abuse that this area are demonstrated by the impact that The Administration should lead an inter- VAWA grants have had on services in the national effort to clarify poor countries’ can result in serious injury or death on not right to fight emergencies with generic only women, but also the children living in that local community. In Houston, we have the drugs, and it should declare its sympathy for home. Houston Area Women’s Center which oper- the South African government in the pend- As a result, the federal government has ates a domestic violence hotline, a shelter for ing case. moved to establish Violence Against Women battered women and counseling for violence The editorial went on to say that Robert and training programs that serve the young survivors. The center provides all of its serv- Zoellick, the U.S. Trade Representative should victims of domestic violence who either experi- ices for free. come out publicly and declare this Administra- ence or witness violence. Furthermore, this center maintains an in- tion’s support for the Clinton Administration’s It is alarming to note that according to the valuable website that allows anyone to access Executive Order on pharmaceuticals for sub- National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, information about domestic violence resources Saharan Africa. between 50 and 70 percent of men who abuse and support networks. The Congress and the Administration need their female partners also abuse their children. Over 34,000 women in Houston called for to work together to form a budget that in- Moreover, at least 3.3 to 10 million American counseling services in 1997 for family vio- cludes increased HIV/AIDS funding for numer- children annually witness assaults by one par- lence. This counseling included services for ous programs. We also have a number of leg- ent against another. Consequently, the chil- women with children and teenagers who have islative initiatives that deserve action. dren of domestic violence are at a high risk of also survived violence. The shelter housed We need full funding for the World Bank anxiety and depression and often experience 1,062 women and children and assisted close AIDS Trust Fund—legislation sponsored by delayed learning skills. to 2,000 with other forms of services. Congresswoman LEE and Congressman Mr. Speaker, domestic violence affects The Texas Council on Family Violence has LEACH. With this bill, which is a public private women of all cultures, races, occupations, and used VAWA funds for several projects as well. partnership dedicated to fighting HIV/AIDS and income levels. Ninety-two percent of reported These include the National Domestic Violence

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4078 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 Hotline, Technical Assistance and Model Poli- talks about the major accomplishment challenge all at every level in order to cies and Procedures Project, the Texas Do- that was necessary in this country for win all; without men to challenge all mestic Violence Needs Assessment Project the entire country to come together to at every level to win all. Most of all, it and the Domestic Violence Rural Education build a transcontinental railroad, the could not have been done without Project. armies that were necessary to put this teamwork. Nothing like it in the Unfortunately, the STOP Grant funding for thing together. I think really just read- world. And that is the title of the book, the Texas Council on Family Violence has de- ing a little of the first part, just a cou- Nothing Like It in the World by Ste- creased within the last 2 years from $8 million ple of paragraphs, because I do not like phen Ambrose. in 1999 to $8.5 million in 2000. Because the to read during my Special Order Nothing Like It in the World is the funding level for the Violence Against Women speeches, my nightside chat; but I story of the men who built the trans- Grants has remained at the same level as fis- thought here it would probably be ap- continental railroad, the investors who cal year 2000, it is imperative that we increase propriate, so that we can get a taste, a risked their businesses and money, the funding so that these vital programs will be little idea of the flavor of what was enlightened politicians. By the way, properly funded as we move into the new mil- necessary to build the transcontinental the standout of the enlightened politi- lennium. railroad in the United States. cians, the political mover of the trans- As the public service announcement of the In our own minds, we need to kind of continental railroad in the United Texas Association Against Sexual Assault in- put ourselves back 150 years and think States was Abraham Lincoln. dicates, ‘‘Most people think rape happens in a of the United States, a new country, When my colleagues go out and talk dark alley. That beautiful women are the usual relatively speaking, out into the fron- to your constituents and say name the victims. But sexual violence isn’t really about tier, a frontier that most of the popu- two major accomplishments of Abra- sex, it’s about power. And it can happen to lation of this country had never even ham Lincoln, from a political view- anyone, anywhere . . .’’ set foot on, a frontier which had never point, obviously, most everybody I Mr. Speaker, the Violence Against Women been really surveyed in any kind of de- know could answer the first, the abol- Grants and the Reauthorization of the Vio- tail. In fact, the surveying techniques ishment of slavery and the victory in the Civil War. But not very many peo- lence Against Women’s Act are the most im- back then were still pretty rough as ple out there understand the role, the portant weapons that women and men have in compared to today’s GPS system. significant role, of which the trans- this country to ensure that gender-motivated So as I say that, keep this in mind. continental railroad could not have violence does not continue to increase in this We need to put our mindsets for a mo- been built without Abraham Lincoln. society. I ask my colleagues to support these ment back 150 years, back to about 140 In fact, even the measurement of how and other legislative initiatives in this Con- years, 1858, put our minds there for a far the rails are apart was put in place gress so that we may move forward, not back- moment and listen to this: ‘‘Next to by Abraham Lincoln. ward in our fight to end domestic violence ev- winning the Civil War and abolishing The Union had won the Civil War, erywhere. slavery, building the first trans- and slavery had been abolished, but it f continental railroad from Omaha, Ne- was Abraham Lincoln who was an early braska to Sacramento, California was PUBLIC LANDS IN THE UNITED and constituent champion of railroads. the greatest achievement of the Amer- STATES AND RELATED TOPICS Unfortunately, as we all know, Abra- ican people in the 19th century.’’ Next The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under ham Lincoln would not live to see this to winning the Civil War and abol- great achievement. Even the scheme of the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- ishing slavery, that was the big accom- uary 3, 2001, the gentleman from Colo- how to have it built, to have the gov- plishment of the 19th century. ‘‘Not ernment finance and to have the gov- rado (Mr. MCINNIS) is recognized for 60 until the completion of the Panama ernment put two private companies on minutes as the designee of the major- Canal in the early 20th century was it two opposite ends of our great country ity leader. ever rivaled as an engineering feat. The in competition to build that railroad, Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, for our railroad took brains, it took muscles and their destination was to the final little nightside chat this evening, there and sweat in quantities and scope mile of track to be laid which, of are a couple of topics that I would like never before put into a single project. course, they met in Utah. to discuss with my colleagues, pri- It could not have been done without a It was the last great building project marily involving public lands in the representative democratic system.’’ to be done mostly by hand. Can you United States. As many of my col- Let me repeat that. It could not have imagine the surveying back then to go leagues know, and many may not be been done without a representative, out into the mountains of the Sierras aware of, quite frankly, there is a dis- democratic political system. It could or to go into the plains of Nebraska tinct difference between the urban not have been done without skilled and and trying to figure out a direct route areas of the United States and the ambitious engineers, most of whom had which would support a railroad, the rural areas of the United States and learned their craft in American col- likes of which the world had never even more of a distinct difference be- leges and honed it into war. It could seen? The manpower took tens of thou- tween the eastern United States and not have been done without bosses and sands of men and women, but tens of the western United States. Now, grant- foremen who learned how to organize thousands of people to be able to go out ed, the United States is one country, and lead men as officers in the Civil there and lay that track, just the orga- and we have a lot in common, but the War; without free labor, without hard nization of those thousands and thou- reason that we have a lot in common is working laborers who had learned how sands of working people. because we have the respect where we to take orders in the war; without If we had not had the Civil War, we do not have things in common to un- those who came over to America in the probably would not have had the orga- derstand that we work as a team. So thousands and thousands and thou- nization in place, because the amount this evening I want to go through some sands from China seeking a fortune; and number of people that we took out discussion on public lands. without laborers, many speaking dif- there and the logistics that were nec- I think the best way to begin this is ferent languages and coming to Amer- essary to put this thing together had to talk about a wonderful book that I ica from every inhabited continent in been earlier put together through the have just almost finished reading. I the world. Civil War. So there was a benefit com- would recommend it to my colleagues. ing out of the Civil War. In addition to 2030 As I should disclose, I do not know the b that, people knew how to take orders. author, I have never met the author, I Mr. Speaker, it could not have been People knew how to be foremen. do not have any interest in the book, done without the trees and without the The Chinese labor, which played a other than it is fascinating. It is the iron available in America; without the major role, they wanted to come over book on the transcontinental railroad. capitalist willing to take high risks for here. They returned to their homeland, The author is Stephen Ambrose, and it great profit; without men willing to China, as rich people.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4079 It is amazing, as I said earlier, that and this book, frankly, does a good job stand that in the East your ownership this was the last building project to be of it. They ought to be reading this is dominated. done mostly by hand, excavating dirt, book to understand what a massive The ownership of land in the eastern cutting through ridges, filling gorges, project it was. United States, as pointed out here, is blasting tunnels to the mountains; and, Again, our minds are still back, col- dominated by private ownership. In the as the book says, those tunnels, they leagues, around the 1858s, 1860s. The East, it is almost all private property. would have to hand bore a hole into the Civil War was just getting over, and In the West, ownership is dominated by rock, and they would use thousands out here in this country we knew that government ownership; and this map and thousands of kegs of powder to the law back then was not that you that I have to my left demonstrates blow the rock apart. simply had a title to a piece of land. A that. The color on the map, whether it Many times the explosion would just piece of paper saying you owned a piece is the light green or the dark green or come back out, and they would have to of land did not mean a whole lot back the red, the colors on that map indi- start again. On a good day, according then, especially in the frontier of the cate or show, demonstrate land that is to the book, on a good day these hard- West. It did not mean a lot. owned by the government. working people would be able to dig What meant a lot was possession. If The white parts of the country is pri- into that granite and maybe move 6 you did not possess the land, and all of vate ownership, private land owner- inches a day. us have heard that saying that posses- ship. Take a look at this in the West. At the height of the construction of sion is 9/10 of the law. That is what it Now, the district that I represent is this railroad, those companies were meant. That is where it came from. If the 3rd Congressional District of Colo- laying rail for the first trans- you did not possess it, the chances of rado. I would like to point it out here. continental railroad at the pace a man you being able to retain legal title on That district goes right along the edge, could walk. Imagine laying rail at the it were not very good. and it goes from Wyoming to the State pace a man could walk. Imagine the ac- This country, the population of this of New Mexico. complishment of this country, of the country was primarily on the East over My district, most of my colleagues political system that would allow this here to my left on the map. Our popu- have been in my district. If my col- kind of massive project to be put to- lation centers were right along the leagues have ever skied in Colorado, if gether, of the engineer, of the support, East. That is where we saw it. We had my colleagues have ever vacationed in of the young power, the young people all of this land out here. By the way, as the mountains, the odds are you were that went out there because, as my col- we begin to build the transcontinental in my district here in the 3rd Congres- leagues know, this was back-breaking railroad, then we came from both ends. sional District. That district is larger work. On this end, over on the California than the entire State of Florida, but It is a part of the history of this end, we had no steel production. We did my colleagues can see it is on my east- country. And as I move on to what I not have rails and the timber and so ern boundary. want to talk about, public lands, the on. We had to harvest the timbers as On my eastern boundary, where the transcontinental railroad really was they came across for the ties. All of difference between public land owner- one of the most significant events in that had to come down and back ship to the West and private ownership the history of this country. It changed around. to the East meet, they meet right on everything. But back in those days what they my district line. They meet on the line For example, my colleagues may not wanted to do, what our government as it goes out further to the north and know this, but we had no time zones wanted to do, what the people of this further to the south. before this railroad was put into place. country wanted to do was to settle the How is it? How in the history of our Every community in the United States new frontier, to claim that land for country did we come up where pri- kept its own time. It is the railroads that new country, the United States of marily you have private ownership in that put time zones in place in the America. And it is from that intent the East and you have primarily gov- United States. that the dynamics of much of the dif- ernment ownership in the West? It is It is the railroads that allowed one ference between the East and the West the very factor that is talked about in person to have more than one store be- and public lands and government lands, this book. It is the very factor of talk- cause they could ship their products it is from there that these differences ing about settling the West. Go West, from one place to the other. It was the were borne. young man. Go West. That was the the- railroads that allowed the cattle and so Let me give my colleagues an exam- ory, because our population was so pop- on to be shipped across the country. It ple. In the East, they have private ulated in the East as it is today. was the railroads that allowed many, property ownership; and if you take a The government decided to give some many different things. look, I have some very interesting sta- kind of incentive for people to leave It changed the entire nature of the tistics that I think will help us get the the safety of the cities in the East United States of America. It allowed picture of concentrations of people. where commerce was healthy, where America to expand across the lands it Today take a look. We know we just there was sophistication, so-called, we had purchased through, for example, had the Census come out to give you a put that in quotes, where there was Louisiana Purchase and the other pur- concentration of people. This is total, movement and populations and lots of chases of which we had put together 78 percent of the people in America thriving economy. You had to be able out in the West. You know, it is very lives in the East Coast. The remaining to give some kind of incentive to get interesting. 22 percent that we have in our country people to leave the populations of the Again, before I set the book down, it is West, this area. But of that 22 per- East and head West to possess the land. is Stephen Ambrose, and the title of cent, half of them live in the State of The transcontinental railroad was the book is Nothing Like It In The California. just a part of that. But even before World. I encourage my colleagues to In comparison, this area of the coun- that, again we are in that 1858 to 1865 take a look at this. It is a fascinating try is pretty sparsely populated. When time period, in 1862, the Homestead book. my colleagues take a look at the dif- Law was enacted by Congress. Most of By the way, every history class in ference in ownership, and this is a crit- my colleagues have heard about the America ought to have some time de- ical factor, and I will explain how we Homestead Law. voted to the transcontinental railroad got there, but this is a critical factor, An interesting note for my col- and what it did for America and how it when my colleagues from the East leagues, the reason the Homestead Law moved us into the settlement of the wonder why we in the West stand up was not enacted before 1862 was that West and the production and the manu- and talk about public lands and we the southern States knew that any set- facturing. Every business class, every stand up and talk about the need to use tlement in the West or any new States college in America ought to be aware; these public lands, you have to under- in the West would be free States. They

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4080 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 would oppose slavery. So it took until ferences, why we have so much govern- ownership of the land but allow the 1862 when the southern States had left ment ownership in the West and very people to go out and use the land. the Union. It took until 1862 to pass the little public ownership in the East, They talked about it, and they de- Homestead Act because, prior to 1862, why in the East we are dominated by bated it. It was never the intent of this the southern States defeated the private property ownership, and in the government, ever, it was never the in- Homestead Act. West we are dominated by government tent of this government to take this What is the Homestead Act? The Act ownership. part of the Nation and tie up almost enacted in 1862 provided that either What began to happen is when peo- the entire Western United States and head of a family, either head of family, ple, our frontiersman, the explorers, almost all of Alaska. which is interesting back then because the brave people, the men and the Take a look at when we brought there was recognition of the woman, women and the husbands and the peo- Alaska in as a State. Take a look at but even the woman or the man as ple who went out, a typical life-span when the Seward’s Folly bought Alas- head of the family had to be 21 years was probably 35 years old, the disease ka. It was never the intent of the gov- old or a veteran of just 14 days in serv- and so on that took so many of their ernment and it has never been the in- ice in the Armed Forces. And if you lives, but they continued as frontiers- tent of the government to make that were a citizen, you could acquire a men to go into the West. land off limits to people. It was never tract of land under private ownership. When they hit the Rocky Mountains, that intent. You could acquire a tract of land of 168 guess what they discovered? They got Today you will hear people who urge, acres. up in that kind of country, number hey, let us get them off the Federal And what happened, every Ameri- one, they found out that, in the East, lands. Ironically, most of those claims can’s dream, every American’s dream you try to get rid of your water. In the and those urges come from the East be- cause they feel no pain. They do not is to own private property. Every West, you try and conserve water. They have a lot of government land in the American’s dream back then was to discovered that the West was a very East. But we are completely sur- own a farm. You see, our land, our arid place, that it did not have water like the East did. rounded. economy back then was 98 percent ag- For example, in my district, outside On top of that, they discovered 160 riculture, and it was your dream back of the city of Pueblo, my communities, acres in many places would not even then to go out and have your own piece whether it is Glenwood Springs, Colo- support a cow. There was no way pos- of land. And 160 acres under the Home- rado, whether it is Durango, whether it sible for you to be able to support a stead Act, even the poor people of our is Grand Junction, Meeker, Craig, Tel- family in the Rocky Mountains on 160 country could go out. You did not have luride, Aspen, Snowmass, Vail, it is acres from an agricultural point of to be rich to have the land. All you had completely surrounded by government view. to do was commit to that piece of land lands. 5 years. You had to live on it and work So what was the result? We found The fact is that never ever, and I on it for 5 years. that our populations were going around keep stressing this because it is so That was enough incentive to entice the mountains. They found here in critically important, never in the his- a lot of our population, not a lot, but California, see this patch in California tory of this country was it the intent enough of our population would be where you have private property, the of the government, of the people, of the more proper terminology, enough of white spot there, a lot of private prop- citizens, or of any organization to take our population to go West, young man, erty ownership there. That was pros- that part of the country that is in color go west, and that is what they did. perous. People were skipping this area, on this map and make it off limits to They begin to move into these areas. and they were coming around into the the citizens of this country. It was al- They begin to go into the Iowas and private property ownership areas of ways the intent of the Federal Govern- the Nebraskas and the Ohios and down California where you could become ment and the government lands here to here in the regions, the Oklahomas. As prosperous, where you could support a manage those lands in such a way that they got up here in the Dakotas and so family in the valleys and so on of Cali- you could have a concept called mul- on, a funny thing happened, what is fornia. tiple use. that saying, a funny thing happened on Well, the government realized that Now, many of my colleagues grew up, the way to the play? A funny thing this was a problem. We did not want as I did, going into the National For- happened on the way to the West people bypassing and going around and ests. Do my colleagues remember what Coast. ending up in California. We wanted the sign was that hung on the National What happened was this, when they people to live all the way from Cali- Forests? For example, the White River started to move West, they found out fornia to New York. National Forest, whose headquarters in the State of Kansas or up there in So they had to come up with some are in Glenwood Springs, Colorado, do Nebraska that 160 acres really was not kind of remedy to convince people to my colleagues remember what that quite enough in some spots to produce live in the Rocky Mountains, to con- sign said? It says ‘‘Welcome, you are enough agriculture to support one fam- vince people to live in this arid part of now entering the White River National ily. In a lot of areas, it was enough the country. Forest’’. Underneath that hung a sign land to do that. So they did the calculation. Some- that said ‘‘A land of many uses’’. That They actually amended the Home- body came up and said, you know, in is exactly what our forefathers wanted, stead Act to double the 160 acres in order to support a family in the Rocky a land of many uses. some places to make it 320 acres. That Mountains, a family may need 3,000 The government would keep title be- is why you have a homestead of 160 and acres, not 160 acres, which was later cause of the politics. Because of the some of 320. Some areas out in here amended to 320 acres, but like 3,000 politics of giving that much land to took 320 acres to support a family. Re- acres to support a family. one person, the government kept title, member the focus of the country back The government, as one can under- which explains exactly why the govern- then was a family. What was necessary stand, said, wait a minute. We cannot ment owns these vast amounts of land. to provide for an average family? give 3,000 acres to everybody that They kept title. But they always in- comes in under the Homestead Act. We tended for it to be a land of many uses. b 2045 cannot amend the Homestead Act to That concept has worked very well They based on that on acres, 160 provide 3,000 acres. over the years. acres or 320 acres. But as I said, some- Thereupon was born the idea, hey, in- Now obviously the government main- thing happened on the way to the West. stead of selling the land, instead of al- tained the management responsibility. They hit the Rocky Mountains. What lowing our citizens to go out and work Every one of us in these chambers have happened in the Rocky Mountains? the land and take title to the land, let management responsibilities on gov- This starts to begin to explain our dif- us loan them the land. Let us keep ernment lands.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4081 As science advances, as our own tech- living out there. We live out there be- side by side with her, she is from Colo- nology and management of lands ad- cause, and I happen to think my dis- rado, for years and years. This is an in- vances, we have to change our manage- trict is one of the most beautiful, and dividual in my opinion of high integ- ment process. But never has our man- I think most of my colleagues on the rity, but who is being assaulted by cer- agement required that, in bulk, we floor would agree, my district is one of tain organizations who want to use her take people off the lands. the most beautiful districts in the as a fund-raising technique. If one lis- I come from a land where we are sur- country. tens to some of this advertising, one rounded by the government. We live in My district has got 54 mountains would think the forests out here have a country where we all dream of pri- over 14,000 feet. My district is the high- been devastated. vate land ownership. We live in a coun- est district in the Nation. We live at Again, look at it, the forests today try that was to be free of the govern- the highest elevation in the Nation. It are as large as the forests were in 1920. ment, that the government worked for is beauty everywhere one looks. One could never gather that from those the people. The people did not work for But do my colleagues know what we commercials that one hears. the government. That is the concept of have discovered over the years, people ‘‘Nationally, the average volume of our country. can live amongst that beauty without standing timber per acre in the United Yet, in the West, we find ourselves scarring it. States forest is about one-third greater besieged by people who do not face the Now, we have learned a lot. We today than it was in 1952. In the East, same challenges we do, and some who learned that the mining techniques, for the average volume per acre of stand- face the same challenges but, in my example, which pretty much are gone ing timber’’, this is not processed tim- opinion, do not appreciate the fact that now in the mountains, and that argu- ber, this is not commercial timber, this we are almost totally dependent upon ment could be held one way or the is standing timber, ‘‘in the east, the government lands for our subsistence, other, we learned that the old mining average volume of standing timber is our recreational subsistence, our envi- techniques tore up the land, and we are almost doubled.’’ In the West, it is a ronmental protection, our highways, now recovering a lot of that land. third greater than it was just 50 years our power lines, our water. But we also know, for example, for ago, a third greater in standing timber. I will give my colleagues an example. our forests, we have learned a lot about Now, remember, a large part of this Water in the State of Colorado, almost forest and forest health. We know that is because, in the early days, for exam- every drop of water in Colorado in the in forest and forest health that man- ple, when the transcontinental railroad western half is stored upon, originates, agement of that forest, taking timber went through, they took a lot of forest. or runs across Federal lands. Can one out of the forest, not for the sake of They took a lot of timber down. The imagine if our use of that water, if the commercial timber, but to manage the trains, the steamships, the food, every- many uses of lands, a land of many forest for our wildlife, for the health of thing depended on timber. They put uses was prohibited as some people now the forest is necessary. their cows in there. They did not man- urge? I think it is incumbent upon those of age the harvest of it. They cut timber Now, let me say that the public lands my colleagues who do not live near tree after tree after tree for the ties have with it, as I mentioned earlier, a public lands, I think it is incumbent underneath the rail. Remember all very high responsibility. These lands upon them to take a little time to un- those steam locomotives, before they do belong to the people of the country. derstand why in the West we have dif- put coal in there, they threw wood in But I am tired of hearing the argument ferent problems because of the fact there. that, hey, the people back here, the that we live on government lands or we And the fence, back then, the fences people that enjoy complete private are surrounded by government lands, were all built of wood. Today, this is ownership, look, some of these States compared to the problems my col- before the invention of barbed wire or we cannot even find a government spot leagues have under private ownership. wire for fences. So a lot of the uses of in, but I am tired of some people who Let us go just for a moment, I want wood have been reduced. So that is in say, look, you know, we should not to talk about another book here that is fact a contributing factor that we have allow these people, for example, to very fascinating about the forests in to consider when we talk about the in- have a ski area in Colorado, to expand America. This is strictly now limited crease here. a ski area, to have a highway, to have to forests, not just public lands. This But nonetheless, listen to this: ‘‘The power lines. My colleagues cannot book is by Douglas McCleary. It is populations of whitetail deer, wild tur- imagine what we go through. called ‘‘American Forests, a History of key, elk, pronghorns, and many other To give my colleagues an idea, out Resiliency and Recovery.’’ Now, again, wildlife species have increased dra- here in the East, when one wants to I have never met the author to the best matically. Tree planting on all forest build a ditch for water, when one wants of my knowledge. I am just telling my land rose dramatically after World War to build a highway, when one wants to colleagues this is a good book, a good II, reaching record levels in the 1980s. do some kind of alteration of the land, reference book for something I am Many private forests are now actively one goes to one’s public zoning board. talking about. I think it would be good managed for tree growing. 70,000 cer- One may go to one’s municipality or to to talk about a few interesting factors tified tree farms encompass 95 million one’s county, the zoning board. that are highlighted by this book. acres of privately owned land.’’ When we want to do it out here in the Now, this book, by the way, is not In other words, now the big thing is West, our zoning board is located here put out by an environmental organiza- not farming, but actually growing in Washington, D.C., the BLM or the tion. It is not put out by a lumber com- trees. Department of Interior or the Forest pany. It is put out by an individual who ‘‘The tens of millions of acres of Service or the United States Congress. has gained a reputation for integrity in stump lands that existed in 1900 have That is where our planning and zoning his investigations and his facts. long since been reforested. Many of board is. So as one can expect, it gets Let us read a few things. ‘‘Following those areas today are mature forests. somewhat frustrating for those of us. two centuries of decline, the area of Others have been harvested a second I can tell my colleagues that, for forest land has stabilized. Today the time, and a cycle of regeneration to some reason out there, there seems to United States has the same amount of young forests has started again. be a connotation that, if one supports forest area as it did from 1920.’’ ‘‘Eastern forests have staged a major many uses of the public lands, why, one Now, if my colleagues listen to some come back. Forest growth nationally must be against the environment. That of this propaganda, a lot which, by the has exceeded the harvest since the could not be further from the truth. way, has just come on recently to raise 1940s with each subsequent decade gen- The reason many of us live out there funds, attacking the Interior Secretary erally showing increased margins. Rec- is because of the environment. We do Gail Norton, who I know personally. I reational use of our national forests not live out there because we get rich have dealt with Gail. I have worked has increased many fold.’’

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4082 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 I am going to talk about recreational ment lands, if large parts of these lands are very wealthy in my district, for ex- management because it is very impor- are not put into wilderness areas, then ample, if you live in Glenwood Springs tant. these lands will not be protected. The or Aspen or Steamboat, most of the ‘‘American society in the 20th Cen- reason wilderness was used as the des- mountain communities in Colorado, tury changed from rural to urban and ignation is that it is a very popular unless you are very wealthy, you do industrialized. And although this word. Stop 10 people in your district not own a lot of land because the land change has been accompanied by a cor- and see if you can get any negative out there is very expensive, and most responding physical and psychological view about the word ‘‘wilderness.’’ people are not wealthy, although it is a separation of people from land and re- That is like motherhood and apple pie. very wealthy district, and most of sources, today’s urbanized nation is no The reality is that you have to look those people recreate on Federal lands. less dependent on the products of its at the fine print. What does the fine Some of our biggest family rec- forests and fields than were the sub- print do for water rights, and in the reational sports are skiing or recre- sistence farmers of the Americas past.’’ West I intend to speak extensively ating at Lake Powell. Yet we have peo- I think, and I will not read much fur- about water soon in one of my night- ple out there, primarily again out of ther here, but I think the summation side chats, but wilderness areas have the East, we have special interest that I am trying to say here is, look, significant impacts on water rights. groups who want to drain Lake Powell. we have to retain, and we have to stand And Colorado is the only State in the Lake Powell has more shoreline than strong for the preservation of multiple Union, where all of our free-flowing the entire Pacific West Coast. It pro- use, of many uses on Federal lands. It water goes out of the State. We have duces massive amounts of power. It is critical for the well-being of half of no free-flowing water for our use that gives us flood control. But again as I this Nation. comes into the State. So water rights said, it is probably the primary family Now I realize that this takes some are a big deal; and when you have the recreation spot in the State of Utah; patience on people who do not deal Federal Government out of Wash- and of course you have that family ington, D.C. coming in and doing with Federal lands. Oh, sure, out here recreation area in Arizona, and these things with land designations that im- in the East, you have the Appalach- groups want to drain it. They want to pact our water rights, we kind of get up ians. Down here in Florida, you have take down the dam to go back, as they in arms. We kind of become a little de- got the Everglades. You have some say, to days they never experienced, fensive, which is why you see such ex- spots up here near the lakes, Great and with very little knowledge. tensive debate when we have Congress- Lakes and so on. And here we have a State like Cali- men from the eastern coast who decide But for the most part, I am asking fornia who suffered blackouts yester- let us put a wilderness out in Colorado the understanding of my colleagues, day and suffered blackouts today, and or Utah or Nevada, it kind of burns us before they draw automatic conclu- they may suffer rolling blackouts to- when one of you colleagues steps for- sions about people’s use, about people morrow. Why? Because on a per-capita ward, and you have probably never as being a resource on government and basis California produces less power spent a night in the West unless you public lands, take into consideration than any other State in the Union. Re- were doing a political trip or on vaca- the management of those lands. cently in the last 10 to 20 years, they tion, and you step forward and say it have kind of bought into this picture: There are lots of ways that we man- does not impact my constituents, we not in my backyard. No power produc- age Federal lands. The most exclusive are not going to put a wilderness area tion in my State. Let somebody else do way and the way that is fixed forever, in Central Park of New York City or it. it is locked in, I guess theoretically Connecticut, but let us put a wilder- That kind of philosophy is what cre- Congress could change it, but short of ness in Colorado. a world war, I do not see it changing, The impact and the management of ates problems. Let me come back. the most aggressive, most nonflexible government lands, what does it do to There are lots of ways to manage these and most locked-in management of the local people? What is the fine lands which does a good job. For exam- Federal lands is called a wilderness print? We have a lot of different man- ple, the Colorado Canyons Conserva- area. agement tools, and by the way, every tion Area, that was my bill last year. I know a lot about wilderness areas. other management tool allows more My wife and I hiked the conservation I sponsored wilderness areas. Last year flexibility. We have national parks, na- area this last weekend. There are very I put in over 100,000 acres of land into tional monuments, special manage- few weekends that my wife and I are wilderness on different projects. The ment areas. We have areas where we not hiking public lands, recreating on year before, I think I put in another allow mineral protection and grazing the lands, talking to people that use 18,000 acres. Wilderness is a very ex- and hunting. We have areas that have the lands, talking to the environ- treme tool and it is a very proper tool special designations like Lake Powell mentalists and the water experts on in its appropriate use. for water storage; and by the way, Cali- these lands. The Colorado canyons, and if you are b 2100 fornia, for power production. We have an array of management ever in Grand Junction, Colorado, go But from wilderness clear over to tools. Many of you may remember the walk the canyon. Go down to the Great this end of the spectrum would be no tragic fire of Storm King Mountain Sand Dunes or the Black Canyon Na- management of Federal lands. That is that occurred in Glenwood Springs. We tional Park, take a look at the Rocky no good. managed that land under one plan one Mountain National Park. There we The days of being able to allow peo- day; and because of the fire, a few days have used in a responsible fashion, and ple to go onto the public lands and cut later we switched the management we have been able to manage these timber or recreate or take water or de- plan because we had an entire different public lands. Do not take it away from stroy the environment, those days are set of factors to deal with. us. It is our life-style. We subsidize. It gone. Every one of us who lives in the The wild fires that take place, we is our subsistence, and we think that West has an additional responsibility. have discovered that many fires are we have good teams out there. Because we live on the land, we can healthy for the forest; but many of My Colorado canyons legislation monitor the land more carefully. We these fires do damage which needs to could not have happened if I had not have to be the enforcers of making sure be managed in a different way. The had cooperation from environmental that those public lands are not abused. wildlife that we try to preserve, the activists, if I had not had cooperation But at the same time we need to un- Endangered Species Act, we find out from the ranching community, if I had derstand there are different methods. that there has to be certain manage- not had cooperation from the locally There is a strong advertising campaign ment of the forest to preserve these. elected officials, from local groups like going on out there that would suggest We have to understand that recre- the local chamber of commerce or from to my colleagues that if these govern- ation, many of the people, unless you the mountain bikers, the users, or from

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4083 the people, the water experts, because government; in Maryland, just a little ferentiation between the East and the the Colorado River came there. over 2 percent; Utah, 64 percent. Mary- West. There are a lot of different people land, just over 2 percent. Idaho. Sixty- We clearly, in the West, are out- that can come together, but they ought one percent of the State of Idaho is numbered by those in the East. We to come together in a straightforward owned by the government. In Delaware, know this. It is like the same in my fashion. From the ads that I hear about 2 percent. Pennsylvania, 2 percent. In- district in Colorado. In my district in wilderness, the perception, especially diana, 1.7 percent. Oregon, back to the Colorado, we have 80 percent of the here in the East, because those in the West again, 52 percent. Wyoming, 50 water resources, and 80 percent of the East have not really lived it, it is very percent. Half of the State of Wyoming population lives outside my district. easy to kind of direct your perception is owned by the government. Arizona. b 2115 of what is happening in the West. And Almost half of the State of Arizona is We have to try and educate and work the easiest way to kind of propagandize owned by the government. California. with each other so that we truly can or direct your vision of what is going Forty-five percent of the State of Cali- have a team effort towards a common on in the West and on the government fornia is owned by the government. goal. But many times in the West we lands is to make you visualize that the Colorado. Thirty-seven percent of the feel left out. And so my purpose in only way to protect the lands is to put State of Colorado is owned by the gov- speaking with Members this evening it in wilderness; that the people have ernment. And, by the way, most of that and my purpose in speaking with them overrun the lands and that we need to ownership is in my district. next week about water is so that they take people off the lands. In Ohio, less than 1.3 percent is have a little clearer understanding of In some cases, that is accurate. In owned by the government. Massachu- why we get so energized here, why we most cases, it is not. In most cases, the setts. Less than 1.3 percent of Massa- are so concerned when we talk about land is being properly managed. Can we chusetts is owned by the government. something as fundamental to us, not improve? Of course we can improve. Maine, less than a percent. New York, necessarily fundamental to you but Who cannot? Education can improve, less than a percent. Rhode Island, less fundamental to our subsistence in the health care can be improved, highways than half a percent. Connecticut, two- West, such as government and public can be improved, environmental orga- tenths of a percent. On the other hand, lands, such as water. nizations can improve. Of course we back to the West, New Mexico, 32 per- I look forward, Mr. Speaker, to again can improve that management. And it cent; Washington, 28 percent; Montana, next week having a similar discussion is a responsibility of ours to improve 28 percent. where we will focus on water. I think that management. But we should not So when one of my colleagues from Members will be impressed, they will take the most dramatic, the most rad- Massachusetts, where about 1 percent be surprised how much water is nec- ical step, and that is to join that move- of the State is owned by the govern- essary, I think about 1,500 gallons of ment to take people off these lands. ment, proposes legislation dealing with water to serve them a Big Mac, a Now, I am going to have an oppor- a State like Nevada, which has 83 per- French fry and a malt. That is about tunity here in the next week or week cent of its land owned by the govern- the water that is necessary to grow and a half and I will have another ment; or Alaska, Alaska is in the high that kind of food for them. The amount night-side chat where I will talk to my 90s, I think 94 or 96 percent of Alaska is of water that agriculture takes, we colleagues about water. Water really is owned by the government, it is nice to never even think about, because you do an amazing subject to talk about, espe- understand these comparisons. not think about how much water it cially when we take a look at exactly My point is this: we work as a team takes to get a Big Mac hamburger at the differences that we have in the back here, theoretically, in the United McDonald’s. You do not think how East and the West. My colleagues are States Congress. Not theoretically, we much water it takes when you buy going to see that, as I mentioned, there really do. There are a lot of things we hamburger buns at the grocery store. are dramatic differences between own- agree on. A lot of people say to me, You do not think how much water it ership and so on. gosh, back at the United States Capital takes when you have the oak tree out- And before I close out on water, I it is always Republicans and Demo- side. It is a lot of water. The manage- want to give some comparisons of some crats, Republicans and Democrats. Al- ment of that water is just as critical to interests. My comments here are fo- ways division. That is not necessarily us as the management of public lands. cused towards those here who represent true. There are a lot of differences back In conclusion, I would recommend, it eastern States, States like Kentucky, here between urban and rural, between is fascinating, regardless of where you Rhode Island, New York, Ohio, Indiana, East and West, and I am here tonight live in the United States, it is fas- Pennsylvania, Delaware, or Maryland. to try to explain the justification. cinating to read this book about the Let me give some comparisons so my It is not evil that there are dif- transcontinental railroad, 1863 to 1869. colleagues can understand where my ferences between the East and the It is entitled ‘‘Nothing Like It in the focus, where my devotion is in the West, but it is something that should World,’’ Stephen Ambrose. Members West. You will get a pretty broad pic- be understood. For us to do our jobs ef- may remember, he wrote about the ture. ficiently, for us to be Representatives Lewis and Clark exploration and so on. Let us compare some States. I picked of the United States of America, we It is fascinating. I would challenge 11 eastern States tonight in prepara- need to understand some fundamental each of my colleagues to go out and get tion for these comments. I picked 11 differences brought about during the this, and I would bet you that every eastern States, and I picked 11 western early days of our country and the set- one of them in a couple of weeks will States to compare the amount of pub- tlement of our country. That is what I say, wow, that is a great book. That lic ownership and the amount of gov- hope my comments tonight have ac- really gave me a perception and a ernment land in the West compared to complished. study of American history. I would also government land in the East. Now, I want to come back in a week recommend that any time you come The State of Nevada. In the State of or so, and I want to spend an hour talk- across a history teacher or a business Nevada, roughly 83 percent of the land ing about the differences in water. teacher, ask those instructors to is owned by the government. Eighty- Water and the West. It is uniquely dif- present this to their classes, to talk three percent of the State of Nevada is ferent than water in the East. The about the difference that the trans- owned by the government versus the water tastes the same, perhaps; but the continental railroad made in every- State of New Jersey, which is only 3 water laws and the allocation of water thing from timekeeping in the United percent. Three percent in the State of and the amount of water and the impli- States to the amount of federally and New Jersey. cations of storage of water and the government owned lands in the West The State of Utah. Sixty-four percent power production of water, all of those compared with government and pri- of the State of Utah is owned by the issues have factors that create a dif- vately owned lands in the East.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 4084 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE March 20, 2001 LEAVE OF ABSENCE ADJOURNMENT 1284. A letter from the Deputy Associate Administrator, Environmental Protection By unanimous consent, leave of ab- Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I move Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final sence was granted to: that the House do now adjourn. rule—Request For Grant Proposals Making Mr. BECERRA (at the request of Mr. The motion was agreed to; accord- Smart Growth Work: Community Innova- GEPHARDT) for today on account of per- ingly (at 9 o’clock and 17 minutes tions And Responses To Barriers—received sonal business. p.m.), the House adjourned until to- March 12, 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Ms. BROWN of Florida (at the request morrow, Wednesday, March 21, 2001, at 801(a)(1)(A); jointly to the Committees on of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today and the 10 a.m. Energy and Commerce, Transportation and Infrastructure, and Agriculture. balance of the week on account of offi- f cial business. f EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD (at the re- ETC. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON quest of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today on PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS account of official business. Under clause 8 of rule XII, executive Mr. UNDERWOOD (at the request of communications were taken from the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today and the bal- Speaker’s table and referred as follows: committees were delivered to the Clerk ance of the week on account of official 1276. A letter from the Deputy Associate for printing and reference to the proper business. Administrator, Environmental Protection calendar, as follows: Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final Mr. CANNON (at the request of Mr. Ms. PRYCE of Ohio: Committee on Rules. rule—Pyriproxyfen; Pesticide Tolerance House Resolution 92. Resolution providing ARMEY) for the week of March 12 and [OPP–301103; FRL–6766–6] (RIN: 2070–AB78) re- for March 19 and the balance of the for consideration of motions to suspend the ceived March 12, 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. rules (Rept. 107–23). Referred to the House week on account of family health con- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- cerns. Calendar. culture. Mr. DIAZ-BALART: Committee on Rules. 1277. A letter from the Deputy Associate Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina (at the House Resolution 93. Resolution providing Administrator, Environmental Protection request of Mr. ARMEY) for today on ac- for consideration of the bill (H.R. 247) to Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final count of inclement weather and can- amend the Housing and Community Develop- rule—Pymetrozine; Pesticide Tolerances for celed flights. ment Act of 1974 to authorize communities Emergency Exemptions [OPP–301106; FRL– to use community development block grant 6766–9] (RIN: 2070–AB78) received March 12, f funds for construction of tornado-safe shel- 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the ters in manufactured home parks (Rept. 107– SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Committee on Agriculture. 24). Referred to the House Calendar. By unanimous consent, permission to 1278. A letter from the Deputy Associate address the House, following the legis- Administrator, Environmental Protection f Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final lative program and any special orders rule—Imazethapyr; Time-Limited Pesticide PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS heretofore entered, was granted to: Tolerance [OPP–301108; FRL–6774–9] (RIN: Under clause 2 of rule XII, public (The following Members (at the re- 2070–AB78) received March 12, 2001, pursuant bills and resolutions were introduced quest of Mr. PALLONE) to revise and ex- to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on and severally referred, as follows: tend their remarks and include extra- Agriculture. neous material:) 1279. A letter from the Deputy Associate By Mr. JOHN (for himself, Mr. GORDON, Mr. BISHOP, Mr. ETHERIDGE, Mr. Mrs. MALONEY of New York, for 5 Administrator, Environmental Protection HILLEARY, Mr. THOMPSON of Mis- minutes, today. Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final rule—Butene, Homopolymer; Tolerance Ex- sissippi, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. KIND, Mr. Mr. TIERNEY, for 5 minutes, today. emption [OPP–301104; FRL–6769–8] (RIN: 2070– HINCHEY, Mr. CRAMER, Mrs. CLAYTON, Mr. PALLONE, for 5 minutes, today. AB78) received March 6, 2001, pursuant to 5 Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. BERRY, Mr. STEN- Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, for 5 minutes, U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- HOLM, Mr. PHELPS, Mr. JEFFERSON, today. riculture. Mr. BOYD, Mr. SHOWS, Mr. BOUCHER, Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. 1280. A letter from the Deputy Associate Mr. TANNER, Mr. BAKER, Mr. STUPAK, Ms. KAPTUR, for 5 minutes, today. Administrator, Environmental Protection Mr. MCINTYRE, Mr. FROST, and Mr. Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final CHAMBLISS): Ms. SLAUGHTER, for 5 minutes, today. rule—Protection of the Stratospheric Ozone: H.R. 1096. A bill to provide for improved Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, for 5 minutes, De Minimis Exemption for Laboratory Es- educational opportunities in low-income and today. sential Uses for Calendar Year 2001 [FRL– rural schools and districts, and for other pur- Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, for 5 minutes, 6952–1] (RIN: 2060–AJ15) received March 7, poses; to the Committee on Education and today. 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the the Workforce. (The following Members (at the re- Committee on Energy and Commerce. By Mr. GANSKE (for himself, Mr. DIN- quest of Mr. BILIRAKIS) to revise and 1281. A letter from the Deputy Associate GELL, Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. BARTLETT of extend their remarks and include ex- Administrator, Environmental Protection Maryland, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. traneous material:) Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final BLUMENAUER, Mrs. BONO, Mrs. CAPPS, rule—Approval and Promulgation of Imple- Mr. DEFAZIO, Ms. DEGETTE, Mr. Mr. BILIRAKIS, for 5 minutes, today. mentation Plans and Designation of Areas DOGGETT, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. EVANS, Mr. Mrs. BIGGERT, for 5 minutes, today. for Air Quality Planning Purposes: Wash- FRANK, Mr. GALLEGLY, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. MORAN of Kansas, for 5 minutes, ington [WA–72–7147a; FRL–6938–5] received Mr. GREEN of Texas, Mr. HANSEN, Mr. today. March 7, 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. HINCHEY, Mr. HORN, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. Mr. PAUL, for 5 minutes, today. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Energy and KIND, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. LAFALCE, Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN, for 5 minutes, Commerce. Mr. LEACH, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. LUTHER, today. 1282. A letter from the Executive Director, Mrs. MALONEY of New York, Mr. Committee For Purchase From People Who MCDERMOTT, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. Mr. GOSS, for 5 minutes, today. Are Blind Or Severely Disabled, transmitting MEEHAN, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mrs. ORELLA Mrs. M , for 5 minutes, today. the Committee’s final rule—Additions to and MORELLA, Mr. NADLER, Mr. Mr. HEFLEY, for 5 minutes, today. Deletions from the Procurement List—re- NETHERCUTT, Mr. OLVER, Mr. Mr. JONES of North Carolina, for 5 ceived March 13, 2001, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. PALLONE, Mr. PAYNE, Ms. ROYBAL-AL- minutes today and March 21. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Govern- LARD, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. SNYDER, Mr. KIRK, for 5 minutes, today. ment Reform. Mr. STARK, Mr. STUPAK, Mrs. Mr. SCHROCK, for 5 minutes, today. 1283. A letter from the Deputy Associate TAUSCHER, Mr. THOMPSON of Cali- (The following Member (at her own Administrator, Environmental Protection fornia, Mr. UDALL of New Mexico, Mr. request) to revise and extend her re- Agency, transmitting the Agency’s final UNDERWOOD, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. rule—Availability of ‘‘Allocation of Fiscal WEINER, and Mr. WELLER): marks and include extraneous mate- Year 2001 Operator Training Grants’’ [FRL– H.R. 1097. A bill to amend the Federal rial:) 6951–6] received March 6, 2001, pursuant to 5 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act with respect Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, for 5 min- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on to tobacco products, and for other purposes; utes, today. Transportation and Infrastructure. to the Committee on Energy and Commerce.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:55 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0688 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\H20MR1.001 H20MR1 March 20, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—HOUSE 4085 By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska (for himself, paid by a family for a dwelling unit assisted health plans; to the Committee on Education Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. LOBIONDO, and under the United States Housing Act of 1937; and the Workforce, and in addition to the Ms. BROWN of Florida): to the Committee on Financial Services. Committee on Energy and Commerce, for a H.R. 1098. A bill to improve the recording By Mr. ANDREWS: period to be subsequently determined by the and discharging of maritime liens and ex- H.R. 1107. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Speaker, in each case for consideration of pand the American Merchant Marine Memo- enue Code of 1986 to allow married individ- such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- rial Wall of Honor, and for other purposes; to uals who are legally separated and living tion of the committee concerned. the Committee on Transportation and Infra- apart to exclude from gross income the in- By Mr. HOEFFEL (for himself, Mr. structure. come from United States savings bonds used CONYERS, Mrs. MALONEY of New By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska (for himself, to pay higher education tuition and fees; to York, Mr. FATTAH, Mr. MARKEY, Ms. Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. LOBIONDO, and the Committee on Ways and Means. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. FRANK, Mr. BECER- Ms. BROWN of Florida): By Mr. BILIRAKIS: RA, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. BRADY of Penn- H.R. 1099. A bill to make changes in laws H.R. 1108. A bill to amend title 38, United sylvania, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. BER- governing Coast Guard personnel, increase States Code, to provide that remarriage of MAN, Mr. NADLER, Mr. JACKSON of Il- marine safety, renew certain groups that ad- the surviving spouse of a veteran after age 55 linois, Mr. ENGEL, Ms. MILLENDER- vise the Coast Guard on safety issues, make shall not result in termination of depend- MCDONALD, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, and miscellaneous improvements to Coast Guard ency and indemnity compensation; to the Mr. WEXLER): operations and policies, and for other pur- Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. H.R. 1112. A bill to make Federal law apply poses; to the Committee on Transportation By Mr. GOODLATTE (for himself, Mr. to antique firearms in the same way it ap- and Infrastructure. ARMEY, Mr. BACHUS, Mr. BALLENGER, plies to other firearms; to the Committee on By Mr. POMBO (for himself, Mr. YOUNG Mr. BARTON of Texas, Mrs. BONO, Mr. the Judiciary. of Alaska, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. CANTOR, Mr. COX, Mr. CULBERSON, Mr. By Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of RADANOVICH, Mr. JONES of North CUNNINGHAM, Mr. DEMINT, Mr. DOO- Texas: H.R. 1113. A bill to amend the Small Busi- Carolina, Mr. DOOLITTLE, Mr. SCHAF- LITTLE, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. FLETCHER, ness Act to direct the Administrator of the FER, Mr. LARGENT, Mrs. BONO, Mr. Mr. HEFLEY, Mr. HILLEARY, Mr. Small Business Administration to establish GIBBONS, Mr. SKEEN, Mrs. EMERSON, ISAKSON, Mr. KOLBE, Mr. MILLER of an office within the Administration to con- Mr. NETHERCUTT, Mr. HERGER, and Florida, Mr. NETHERCUTT, Mr. NOR- duct oversight of certain loan programs, and Mr. REHBERG): WOOD, Mr. PAUL, Mr. RYUN of Kansas, for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 1100. A bill to amend the Endangered Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. Small Business. Species Act of 1973 to improve the ability of TANCREDO, Mr. WICKER, Mr. WOLF, By Mr. LAFALCE (for himself and Ms. individuals and local, State, and Federal Mr. ISTOOK, and Mr. GOODE): VELA´ ZQUEZ): agencies to prevent natural flood disaster; to H.R. 1109. A bill to preserve and protect the H.R. 1114. A bill to combat international the Committee on Resources. free choice of individual employees to form, money laundering and protect the United By Mr. PICKERING (for himself, Mr. join, or assist labor organizations, or to re- States financial system, and for other pur- TOWNS, Mr. TAUZIN, Mr. STEARNS, Mr. frain from such activities; to the Committee poses; to the Committee on Financial Serv- SESSIONS, Mr. WICKER, Mr. GRAHAM, on Education and the Workforce. ices. Mr. MURTHA, Mr. BARTLETT of Mary- By Mr. GRAHAM (for himself, Mr. ROE- By Mr. LEACH: land, Mr. SCARBOROUGH, Mr. BOYD, MER, Mr. OSBORNE, Mr. KIND, Mr. H.R. 1115. A bill to authorize the Secretary Mr. TERRY, Mr. THORNBERRY, Mr. KING, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. of State to provide for the establishment of MCCRERY, Mr. PETERSON of Pennsyl- SMITH of Texas, Mr. GREEN of Wis- nonprofit entities for the Department’s vania, Mr. NORWOOD, and Mr. YOUNG consin, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. GOODE, Mr. international educational, cultural and arts of Alaska): ETHERIDGE, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. programs; to the Committee on Inter- H.R. 1101. A bill to repeal the Public Util- BLUMENAUER, Mr. WALSH, Ms. CARSON national Relations. ity Holding Company Act of 1935, to enact of Indiana, Mr. WELDON of Florida, By Mrs. LOWEY (for herself, Mrs. the Public Utility Holding Company Act of Mr. WOLF, Mr. FRANK, and Ms. NOR- MORELLA, Mr. FROST, Mr. SMITH of 1999, and for other purposes; to the Com- TON): Washington, Mrs. ROUKEMA, Mr. mittee on Energy and Commerce. H.R. 1110. A bill to prohibit high school and WEINER, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. HINCHEY, By Mr. PICKERING: college sports gambling in all States includ- Mr. NADLER, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. SHAYS, H.R. 1102. A bill to provide for the preser- ing States where such gambling was per- Mrs. KELLY, Mr. HYDE, Mr. ABER- vation and restoration of historic buildings mitted prior to 1991; to the Committee on CROMBIE, Mr. STARK, Ms. SOLIS, and at historically women’s public colleges or the Judiciary. Mr. CROWLEY): universities; to the Committee on Resources. By Mr. GREENWOOD (for himself, Mrs. H.R. 1116. A bill to reestablish the Office of By Mr. BRADY of Texas (for himself, LOWEY, Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut, Noise Abatement and Control in the Envi- Mr. STENHOLM, Mr. COX, and Mr. Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York, Mrs. ronmental Protection Agency, and for other SCHAFFER): ROUKEMA, Mr. WEINER, Mr. SHAYS, purposes; to the Committee on Energy and H.R. 1103. A bill to provide safer schools Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. OSE, Mrs. THUR- Commerce, and in addition to the Committee and a better educational environment; to the MAN, Mr. BOEHLERT, Ms. on Transportation and Infrastructure, for a Committee on Education and the Workforce. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, Ms. period to be subsequently determined by the By Mr. ANDREWS: WOOLSEY, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. LARSEN of Speaker, in each case for consideration of H.R. 1104. A bill to amend title I of the Em- Washington, Mr. TIERNEY, Mr. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- ployee Retirement Income Security Act of ALLEN, Mrs. JONES of Ohio, Mr. SAND- tion of the committee concerned. 1974 to provide, in the case of an employee ERS, Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. INSLEE, Mr. By Mrs. MALONEY of New York (for welfare benefit plan providing benefits in the STARK, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. BRADY of herself, Mr. KIRK, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. event of disability, an exemption from pre- Pennsylvania, Mr. FRANK, Mr. OLVER, LEACH, Mr. HOEFFEL, Ms. emption under such title for State tort ac- Mr. BONIOR, Mr. BENTSEN, Mr. ABER- SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. WAX- tions to recover damages arising from the CROMBIE, Mr. PRICE of North Caro- MAN, Mr. FILNER, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. failure of the plan to timely provide such lina, Mr. BARRETT, Mr. HOLT, Ms. CUMMINGS, Mr. BRADY of Pennsyl- benefits; to the Committee on Education and HOOLEY of Oregon, Mr. BERMAN, Ms. vania, Mr. PALLONE, Mrs. THURMAN, the Workforce. HARMAN, Ms. SOLIS, Ms. DELAURO, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Mr. SAW- By Mr. ANDREWS: Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. FILNER, YER, Ms. BROWN of Florida, Mr. JEF- H.R. 1105. A bill to amend the Real Estate Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Ms. FERSON, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. SANDERS, Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 to provide SANCHEZ, Mr. MCGOVERN, Ms. BALD- Ms. LEE, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. for homeowners to recover treble damages WIN, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. TOWNS, from mortgage escrow servicers for failures DEFAZIO, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. SHERMAN, Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon, by such servicers to make timely payments Mr. PAYNE, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. NAD- Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. UDALL of from escrow accounts for homeowners insur- LER, Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. Colorado, Mr. FARR of California, Mr. ance, taxes, or other charges, and for other EVANS, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. NADLER, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. MORAN of purposes; to the Committee on Financial RODRIGUEZ, Ms. MCCARTHY of Mis- Virginia, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. ALLEN, Services. souri, Mr. THOMPSON of California, Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. ACK- By Mr. ANDREWS: Mr. CUMMINGS, and Mr. GEORGE MIL- ERMAN, Mr. FRANK, Mr. TIERNEY, Mr. H.R. 1106. A bill to exclude certain vet- LER of California): GILMAN, Mr. GREENWOOD, Mr. WYNN, erans’ compensation and pension amounts H.R. 1111. A bill to require equitable cov- Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. from consideration as adjusted income for erage of prescription contraceptive drugs and LANTOS, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. DAVIS of Illi- purposes of determining the amount of rent devices, and contraceptive services under nois, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mrs. JOHNSON

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of Connecticut, Mrs. KELLY, Ms. WA- amounts paid for health insurance and pre- tions to veterans for prescriptions written by TERS, Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. scription drug costs of individuals; to the private practitioners, and for other purposes; HILLIARD, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. Committee on Ways and Means. to the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. RODRIGUEZ, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. By Mr. THORNBERRY: By Mrs. WILSON (for herself, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. STARK, Ms. PELOSI, H.R. 1128. A bill to reduce the amount of SKEEN, Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. HOLT, Mr. Ms. DEGETTE, Mr. WEINER, Mr. PRICE paperwork and improve payment policies for PAUL, and Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon): of North Carolina, Ms. NORTON, and health care services, to prevent fraud and H.R. 1137. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Mr. LEVIN): abuse through health care provider edu- enue Code of 1986 to establish a permanent H.R. 1117. A bill to provide a United States cation, and for other purposes; to the Com- tax incentive for research and development, voluntary contribution to the United Na- mittee on Energy and Commerce, and in ad- and for other purposes; to the Committee on tions Population Fund; to the Committee on dition to the Committee on Ways and Means, Ways and Means. International Relations. for a period to be subsequently determined By Mr. HOYER (for himself, Mr. HYDE, By Mrs. MINK of Hawaii: by the Speaker, in each case for consider- Mr. FRANK, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. SENSEN- H.R. 1118. A bill to establish comprehensive ation of such provisions as fall within the ju- BRENNER, Mr. SABO, and Mr. early childhood education programs, early risdiction of the committee concerned. PALLONE): childhood education staff development pro- By Mr. UDALL of Colorado (for him- H.J. Res. 39. A joint resolution proposing grams, model Federal Government early self, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. GEORGE MIL- an amendment to the Constitution of the childhood education programs, and for other LER of California, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. United States to repeal the 22nd amendment purposes; to the Committee on Education ETHERIDGE, and Mr. HONDA): to the Constitution; to the Committee on the and the Workforce. H.R. 1129. A bill to establish the High Per- Judiciary. By Mrs. MINK of Hawaii: formance Schools Program in the Depart- By Mr. ANDREWS (for himself, Mr. H.R. 1119. A bill to amend the Elementary ment of Energy, and for other purposes; to HEFLEY, Mr. RILEY, and Mr. KIRK): and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to pro- the Committee on Education and the Work- H. Con. Res. 67. Concurrent resolution ex- vide grants to State and local educational force. pressing the sense of the Congress relating to the Taiwan Relations Act; to the Committee agencies to pay such agencies for one-half of By Mr. UDALL of Colorado (for him- on International Relations. the salary of a teacher who uses approved self, Mr. ETHERIDGE, and Mr. HONDA): By Mr. KING (for himself, Mr. BURR of sabbatical leave to pursue a course of study H.R. 1130. A bill to establish a research pro- North Carolina, Mr. WOLF, Mr. that will improve his or her classroom teach- gram at the National Science Foundation to LATOURETTE, Mr. EHRLICH, Mr. ABER- ing; to the Committee on Education and the quantify the relationship between the phys- CROMBIE, Mr. TRAFICANT, Mr. DIAZ- Workforce. ical characteristics of elementary and sec- BALART, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. TANCREDO, By Mr. MORAN of Virginia (for him- ondary schools and student academic Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. MCNULTY, Mr. TAY- self, Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. achievement in those schools, and for other LOR of North Carolina, Mr. PASCRELL, WOLF, and Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA): purposes; to the Committee on Science. Mr. TIERNEY, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. H.R. 1120. A bill to require the Secretary of By Mr. UDALL of New Mexico (for the Army to designate Fort Belvoir, Vir- PALLONE, Mr. SANDERS, and Mr. himself, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, and ginia, as the site for the planned National TOWNS): ATHESON): Mr. M H. Con. Res. 68. Concurrent resolution con- Museum of the United States Army; to the H.R. 1131. A bill to provide permanent ap- Committee on Armed Services. demning the Government of the People’s Re- propriations to the Radiation Exposure Com- public of China for its poor human rights By Mr. POMEROY (for himself, Mr. pensation Trust Fund to make payments THUNE, and Mr. UDALL of New Mex- record; to the Committee on International under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Relations. ico): Act (42 U.S.C. 2210 note); to the Committee H.R. 1121. A bill to amend the Agricultural By Mr. LAMPSON (for himself, Mr. on Appropriations. Marketing Act of 1946 to require retailers of CHABOT, Mr. HORN, Mr. GREENWOOD, By Mr. UDALL of New Mexico (for beef, lamb, and pork to inform consumers, at Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. KOLBE, Mr. himself, Mr. UDALL of Colorado, and the final point of sale to consumers, of the GONZALEZ, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. MATHESON): country of origin of the commodities; to the Mr. KIRK, Mr. CRENSHAW, Mr. FOLEY, H.R. 1132. A bill to ensure the timely pay- Committee on Agriculture. Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Mr. ment of benefits to eligible persons under By Mr. RANGEL: SHIMKUS, Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. BORSKI, the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act H.R. 1122. A bill to authorize the President Mrs. THURMAN, Mr. SANDLIN, Mr. (42 U.S.C. 2210 note); to the Committee on to award a gold medal on behalf of the Con- PASCRELL, Mrs. MALONEY of New Appropriations. gress to Jesse L. Jackson, Sr. in recognition York, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. By Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma: of his outstanding and enduring contribu- FRANK, Mr. KIND, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. H.R. 1133. A bill to amend the impact aid tions to the Nation; to the Committee on Fi- FARR of California, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. program under the Elementary and Sec- nancial Services. HINOJOSA, Mr. REYES, Mr. BACA, Mr. ondary Education Act of 1965 relating to the By Mr. RANGEL: EDWARDS, Mr. RODRIGUEZ, Mr. ORTIZ, calculation of payments for small local edu- H.R. 1123. A bill to designate the facility of Mrs. EMERSON, Mr. GUTKNECHT, Mr. cational agencies; to the Committee on Edu- the United States Postal Service located at GREEN of Texas, and Mr. BENTSEN): 153 East 110th Street in New York, New cation and the Workforce. H. Con. Res. 69. Concurrent resolution ex- York, as the ‘‘Tito Puente Post Office Build- By Mr. WELLER (for himself, Mr. pressing the sense of the Congress on the ing’’; to the Committee on Government Re- KLECZKA, Mr. RYAN of Wisconsin, and Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of form. Mr. POMEROY): International Child Abduction and urging all By Mr. RANGEL: H.R. 1134. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Contracting States to the Convention to rec- H.R. 1124. A bill to authorize the Director enue Code of 1986 to modify the exemption ommend the production of practice guides; of the Office of National Drug Control Policy from the self-employment tax for certain to the Committee on International Rela- to enter into negotiations with representa- termination payments received by former tions. tives of the Government of Cuba to provide life insurance salesmen; to the Committee By Mr. SAWYER (for himself, Mrs. for increased cooperation between Cuba and on Ways and Means. MORELLA, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia, Mrs. the United States on drug interdiction ef- By Mr. WICKER (for himself, Mrs. MALONEY of New York, Mr. MCGOV- forts; to the Committee on International Re- JONES of Ohio, Mr. NORWOOD, Mr. ERN, Mr. HINCHEY, Ms. PELOSI, Mrs. lations. SIMPSON, and Mr. OSE): MINK of Hawaii, Mr. LUTHER, Mr. By Mr. RANGEL: H.R. 1135. A bill to ensure that members of MCDERMOTT, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Ms. H.R. 1125. A bill to redesignate the Federal the Armed Forces who are married and have LOFGREN, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. LANTOS, building located at 1 Federal Plaza in New minor dependents are eligible for military Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. INSLEE, York, New York, as the ‘‘Ronald H. Brown family housing containing more than two Mr. SANDERS, Mr. WYNN, Mr. THOMP- Federal Building’’; to the Committee on bedrooms; to the Committee on Armed Serv- SON of California, Mrs. TAUSCHER, and Transportation and Infrastructure. ices. Mr. FROST): By Mr. RYUN of Kansas: By Mr. WICKER (for himself, Mr. PICK- H. Con. Res. 70. Concurrent resolution ex- H.R. 1126. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- ERING, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. BOUCHER, pressing the sense of the Congress that the enue Code of 1986 to allow all taxpayers who Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. SHOWS, United States should develop, promote, and maintain households with dependents a cred- Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. SCHAFFER, implement policies to slow global population it for dependents; to the Committee on Ways Mr. NORWOOD, Mr. STUPAK, Mr. PAUL, growth by voluntary means; to the Com- and Means. Ms. HART, and Mr. CRAMER): mittee on Energy and Commerce, and in ad- By Mr. STEARNS: H.R. 1136. A bill to amend title 38, United dition to the Committee on International H.R. 1127. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- States Code, to require Department of Vet- Relations, for a period to be subsequently de- enue Code of 1986 to allow a deduction for erans Affairs pharmacies to dispense medica- termined by the Speaker, in each case for

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consideration of such provisions as fall with- H.R. 214: Mr. ETHERIDGE, Mr. STUPAK, and LEE, Mr. MILLER of Florida, Mr. HEFLEY, Mr. in the jurisdiction of the committee con- Mr. PLATTS. COOKSEY, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SIMPSON, Mr. cerned. H.R. 220: Mr. SIMPSON. OTTER, Mr. WALDEN of Oregon, Mr. WELDON By Mr. TOOMEY (for himself and Mr. H.R. 240: Mr. ADERHOLT. of Florida, and Mr. MCKEON. ROEMER): H.R. 257: Mr. BROWN of South Carolina, Mr. H.R. 648: Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. H. Con. Res. 71. Concurrent resolution rec- ISSA, Mr. SCHROCK, Mr. PENCE, Mr. CHABOT, H.R. 661: Ms. DUNN. ognizing the importance of families and chil- and Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. H.R. 663: Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Ms. RIV- dren in the United States and expressing H.R. 267: Ms. SOLIS. ERS, and Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ. support for the goals and ideas of National H.R. 278: Mr. FERGUSON. H.R. 668: Mr. HUTCHINSON, Mr. BACA, and Family Day; to the Committee on Education H.R. 283: Mr. PETRI. Mr. LOBIONDO. and the Workforce. H.R. 285: Mr. SHAYS, Mr. UDALL of New H.R. 671: Ms. MCKINNEY and Mr. BERMAN. By Mr. WICKER: Mexico, Ms. BALDWIN, Mr. JACKSON of Illi- H.R. 686: Ms. SOLIS. H. Con. Res. 72. Concurrent resolution ex- nois, and Mr. BOUCHER. H.R. 704: Ms. LEE. pressing the sense of Congress regarding the H.R. 288: Mr. GONZALEZ. H.R. 705: Mr. STUMP. employers of the members of the reserve H.R. 303: Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. H.R. 710: Ms. HART and Mr. KLECZKA. components of the Armed Forces; to the MCDERMOTT, Mr. KIND, Mr. DEAL of Georgia, H.R. 717: Mr. SAWYER, Mr. SNYDER, Mr. Committee on Armed Services. Mrs. CAPITO, Mr. RYAN of Wisconsin, Mr. VITTER, Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland, and Mr. By Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. OXLEY, Mr. YOUNG of Florida, Mr. FLETCHER, BISHOP. H. Res. 92. A resolution providing for con- Mr. MORAN of Kansas, Mrs. CUBIN, Mr. TOM H.R. 721: Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. sideration of motions to suspend the rules; DAVIS of Virginia, Mrs. CHRISTENSEN, Ms. ROSS, Mr. BOSWELL, Mr. BARCIA, Mr. HOLT, House Calendar No. 8. House Report No. 107– DELAURO, Mr. HORN, Mr. FORD, and Mr. DIN- Mr. VISCLOSKY, Mr. MATSUI, Ms. LEE, Mr. 23. GELL. WEINER, Mr. SCOTT, and Ms. SOLIS. By Mr. DIAZ-BALART: H.R. 322: Mr. DIAZ-BALART and Mr. DAVIS H.R. 737: Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. KUCINICH, Mr. H. Res. 93. A resolution providing for con- of Florida. EVANS, Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York, Mr. LI- sideration of the bill (H.R. 247) to amend the H.R. 326: Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. PINSKI, and Mr. REHBERG. Housing and Community Development Act of TAUSCHER, and Mr. MENENDEZ. H.R. 744: Mr. SIMPSON. 1974 to authorize communities to use com- H.R. 335: Mr. LARGENT. H.R. 745: Mr. BLAGOJEVICH. munity development block grant funds for H.R. 336: Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. H.R. 762: Mr. RANGEL, Mr. ARMEY, and Mr. construction of tornado-safe shelters in man- STRICKLAND, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Ms. NORTON, WEXLER. ufactured home parks; House Calendar No. 9. Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, and Mr. GEORGE MIL- H.R. 765: Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. House Report No. 107–24. LER of California. FRANK, and Mr. BROWN of Ohio. By Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD: H.R. 337: Mr. NETHERCUTT and Mr. EVANS. H.R. 770: Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ and Mr. WATT of H. Res. 94. A resolution honoring the con- H.R. 338: Mr. NETHERCUTT. North Carolina. tributions of Venus and Serena Williams; to H.R. 339: Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. H.R. 787: Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. the Committee on Government Reform. H.R. 361: Mr. ABERCROMBIE. H.R. 792: Mr. DAVIS of Illinois and Mr. AN- By Mr. RANGEL: H.R. 362: Mr. PENCE, Mr. FROST, Mr. STU- DREWS. H. Res. 95. A resolution expressing the sup- PAK, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mrs. MALONEY H.R. 801: Mr. BALDACCI, Ms. CARSON of Indi- port for a National Week of Reflection and of New York, and Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD. ana, Mr. CRENSHAW, and Mrs. KELLY. Tolerance; to the Committee on Government H.R. 368: Ms. HART. H.R. 808: Mr. ENGEL, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. Reform. H.R. 369: Ms. NORTON. OLVER, Mr. GOODE, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. f H.R. 374: Mr. RAMSTAD, Mr. RYAN of Wis- GUTIERREZ, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Ms. consin, and Mr. SIMMONS. SCHAKOWSKY, Ms. WOOLSEY, Ms. EDDIE BER- ADDITIONAL SPONSORS H.R. 436: Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania, Mr. NICE JOHNSON of Texas, Ms. CARSON of Indi- Under clause 7 of rule XII, sponsors OSBORNE, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. ana, and Mrs. CAPITO. were added to public bills and resolu- SHIMKUS, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. WU, Mr. GONZALEZ, H.R. 817: Mr. JONES of North Carolina and tions as follows: and Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. ISAKSON. H.R. 437: Mr. GARY MILLER of California H.R. 827: Mr. STUPAK, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, H.R. 6: Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. SAXTON, and and Mr. OTTER. Mr. SESSIONS, and Mr. MEEHAN. Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. H.R. 457: Mr. BOEHLERT. H.R. 835: Mr. FLETCHER, Mr. WATKINS, and H.R. 13: Mr. LARSON of Connecticut and Mr. H.R. 503: Mr. HEFLEY and Mr. ARMEY. Mr. SIMPSON. PALLONE. H.R. 507: Mr. WICKER. H.R. 839: Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. MOORE, H.R. 16: Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. H.R. 544: Mr. ENGEL, Mr. TERRY, Mr. SAND- and Mr. BLAGOJEVICH. H.R. 17: Mrs. MORELLA. ERS, and Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. H.R. 844: Mr. RANGEL and Mrs. MALONEY of H.R. 20: Mr. SUNUNU. OUDER EFLEY H.R. 25: Ms. MCKINNEY. H.R. 549: Mr. S , Mr. H , Mr. New York. H.R. 28: Mr. FERGUSON, Ms. SANCHEZ, Mr. PITTS, Mr. GOODLATTE, Mr. CALVERT, and H.R. 853: Mr. CRAMER and Mr. MCINTYRE. HOYER, Mr. MOORE, Mr. BOYD, Mr. CARSON of Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia. H.R. 862: Mr. LANGEVIN. Oklahoma, and Ms. KILPATRICK. H.R. 557: Mr. PRICE of North Carolina, Ms. H.R. 864: Mr. DOOLITTLE. H.R. 31: Mr. GRAVES, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. CARSON of Indiana, and Mr. ETHERIDGE. H.R. 868: Mr. LOBIONDO, Mr. SCARBOROUGH, LAHOOD, Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky, and Mr. H.R. 572: Mr. GORDON and Mr. LATOURETTE. Mr. LARSEN of Washington, Mr. BACHUS, Mr. WICKER. H.R. 594: Mr. FARR of California. FILNER, Mr. CRENSHAW, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, H.R. 41: Mr. KELLER, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. H.R. 600: Mr. HALL of Texas, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. COOKSEY, Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, Mr. AKIN, SANDLIN, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Ms. HART, Mr. Mr. BOSWELL, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. HILLIARD, Mr. PICKERING, and Mr. TERRY. ISAKSON, Mr. BRADY of Texas, Mr. DAVIS of Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. H.R. 871: Mr. SIMMONS. Florida, Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. LANGEVIN, Mr. INSLEE, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. H.R. 875: Mr. FRANK, Ms. LEE, Mr. WAXMAN, MORAN of Virginia, Mr. GRUCCI, Mr. RYAN of COSTELLO, Mr. DUNCAN, and Mr. KILDEE. Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. FILNER, Mrs. THUR- Wisconsin, and Mr. SCHROCK. H.R. 601: Mr. OTTER and Mr. DUNCAN. MAN, Mr. CONYERS, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. H.R. 45: Mr. SIMMONS. H.R. 602: Ms. HARMAN, Mr. LOBIONDO, Mr. TERRY, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Ms. H.R. 61: Mr. PASTOR and Mr. GREEN of Wis- LANGEVIN, Ms. SANCHEZ, and Mr. SCHIFF. SLAUGHTER, Mrs. LOWEY, Mr. HONDA, Ms. consin. H.R. 606: Mrs. MALONEY of New York, Ms. NORTON, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. CLAY, Mrs. H.R. 65: Mrs. CAPITO. SCHAKOWSKY, Ms. NORTON, Mr. EDWARDS, and MALONEY of New York, Ms. MCCARTHY of H.R. 98: Mr. NETHERCUTT, Mrs. THURMAN, Mr. HORN. Missouri, and Ms. HART. Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. WEXLER, H.R. 609: Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. H.R. 876: Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma. Mr. FOLEY, Mr. MCDERMOTT, and Mr. SES- H.R. 611: Mr. WHITFIELD, Mr. WAMP, Mr. H.R. 886: Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. FROST, Ms. SIONS. BURTON of Indiana, and Mr. CLEMENT. MCKINNEY, Ms. NORTON, and Mr. WYNN. H.R. 133: Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. H.R. 613: Mr. SIMMONS, Mr. DREIER, and Mr. H.R. 887: Mr. GRUCCI and Mr. RUSH. H.R. 144: Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. BAIRD, Ms. MOORE. H.R. 892: Mr. SCHAFFER. BROWN of Florida, Ms. NORTON, Mr. BORSKI, H.R. 623: Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. H.R. 893: Mr. SCHAFFER. and Mr. HONDA. BLAGOJEVICH, and Mr. WAXMAN. H.R. 899: Mr. FOLEY, Mr. SIMMONS, Mr. H.R. 161: Mr. ISSA. H.R. 638: Mr. BONIOR, Ms. SOLIS, and Mr. HEFLEY, Mr. MOORE, and Mr. SMITH of New H.R. 184: Mr. COSTELLO. HOEFFEL. Jersey. H.R. 187: Mr. PAYNE. H.R. 641: Mr. HUTCHINSON, Ms. DUNN, Mr. H.R. 902: Mr. FILNER, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. H.R. 198: Mr. STUMP. TOM DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. MCCRERY, Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. H.R. 199: Mr. COBLE, Mr. SESSIONS, and BALLENGER, Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. BONIOR, Ms. BERKLEY, Mr. Mrs. KELLY. SANDLIN, Mr. RODRIGUEZ, Mr. MCGOVERN, Ms. HINCHEY, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. DEUTSCH, Ms.

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BALDWIN, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. LEACH, Mr. H.R. 1019: Mr. GOSS, Mr. HALL of Texas, Mr. H. Con. Res. 60: Mr. WEINER, Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. RILEY, Mr. FROST, Mr. ISAKSON, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. SCHROCK, Mr. DELAHUNT, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, and Ms. KAP- SCHROCK, Mr. DEFAZIO, Ms. HART, Mr. TERRY, Mr. VITTER, and Mr. WELDON of Flor- TUR. FRANK, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. LANGEVIN, and Mr. ida. H. Res. 13: Mr. STEARNS. OTTER. H.R. 1066: Mr. GEORGE MILLER of Cali- H. Res. 56: Mr. KIRK, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. ACK- H.R. 908: Ms. MCKINNEY. fornia, Mr. SHERMAN, Ms. LEE, Mr. LANTOS, ERMAN, Ms. LEE, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. MENENDEZ, H.R. 912: Mr. BLAGOJEVICH, Mr. BOSWELL, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. STARK, and Mr. BROWN of Ohio, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. Mr. DOOLEY of California, Mr. GEPHARDT, Mr. Ms. SOLIS. ENGEL, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. SHERMAN, Mr. HOBSON, Mr. HOYER, Mr. MATSUI, Mrs. MINK H.R. 1076: Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, DELAHUNT, Mr. CLEMENT, Ms. BERKLEY, Mr. of Hawaii, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, Mr. Mr. WEXLER, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. BLUMENAUER, COYNE, Mr. DOYLE, MS. DEGETTE, and Ms. PHELPS, Mr. STRICKLAND, and Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. LANGEVIN, Mr. BARRETT, Mr. GORDON, MCKINNEY. H.R. 914: Mr. CRENSHAW. Mrs. MALONEY of New York, Mrs. MINK of Ha- H. Res. 67: Ms. MCCARTHY of Missouri, Mrs. H.R. 917: Mr. BROWN of Ohio and Mr. BAR- waii, Mr. PHELPS, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. DINGELL, NAPOLITANO, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. PASTOR, Mr. CIA. Mr. FILNER, Mrs. CAPPS, Ms. SOLIS, Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. LANTOS, Mrs. H.R. 933: Mr. FILNER, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. BAIRD, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. BENTSEN, Mr. SHER- MORELLA, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. BENT- GUTIERREZ, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. CUMMINGS, MAN, Ms. BERKLEY, Mr. OBERSTAR, Ms. LEE, SEN, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, Mr. GEORGE Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. GEORGE MIL- Mr. MOORE, Mr. FRANK, Mr. FROST, Mr. MILLER of California, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, LER of California, Ms. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. BISHOP, Mr. BROWN of Ohio, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. FROST, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. JEFFERSON, and Mr. CLYBURN. CUMMINGS, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, Ms. BROWN of FATTAH, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. H.R. 936: Mr. CLEMENT and Mr. SKELTON. Florida, Mr. BRADY of Pennsylvania, Ms. WEXLER, Mrs. JONES of Ohio, Ms. BERKLEY, H.R. 937: Mr. SUNUNU and Mr. HAYWORTH. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. Mr. CROWLEY, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. COOKSEY, H.R. 938: Mr. OLVER, Mr. FATTAH, Ms. KAP- DOOLEY of California, Mr. DAVIS of Florida, Mr. BLUMENAUER, and Ms. LEE. TUR, Ms. WOOLSEY, and Mr. CLAY. and Mr. TOWNS. H. Res. 73: Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. H.R. 948: Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Ms. H.R. 1078: Mrs. THURMAN, Mr. FROST, Mr. H. Res. 86: Ms. SLAUGHTER, Ms. KAPTUR, BROWN of Florida, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. FRANK, and Mr. KILDEE. Ms. SOLIS, and Mr. KILDEE. UDALL of New Mexico, and Mr. CLEMEMT. H.R. 1086: Mr. RUSH. H. Res. 87: Mr. RANGEL, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. ONZALEZ H.R. 951: Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. HUTCHINSON, H.R. 1089: Mr. G . PUTNAM, and Mr. CASTLE. and Mr. CAMP. H.J. Res. 11: Mr. PLATTS and Mr. BARR of Georgia. H.R. 952: Mr. DINGELL, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. f ROGERS of Michigan, Mr. FROST, Mr. LIPIN- H.J. Res. 12: Mr. BARR of Georgia. H.J. Res. 27: Mr. DOOLITTLE. SKI, Mr. STUPAK, Mr. FILNER, Ms. NORTON, DELETIONS OF SPONSORS FROM and Mr. SESSIONS. H.J. Res. 36: Mr. OTTER, Mr. MCKEON, and H.R. 956: Mr. LAFALCE, Ms. SANCHEZ, Mr. Mr. TRAFICANT. PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. Con. Res. 4: Mr. FOSSELLA, Mr. TAYLOR BECERRA, Mr. MCGOVERN, Mr. BERMAN, Ms. Under clause 7 of rule XII, sponsors of Mississippi, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. ENGLISH, JACKSON-LEE of Texas, Mr. DOYLE, Ms. RIV- Mr. HOLDEN, and Mr. LANGEVIN. were deleted from public bills and reso- ERS, Mr. FILNER, and Mr. LOBIONDO. H. Con. Res. 23: Mr. BARR of Georgia and lutions as follows: H.R. 959: Ms. SOLIS, Ms. LEE, Mr. BARRETT. Mr. STUMP. H.R. 963: Mr. ROHRABACHER and Mr. SAND- H.R. 526: Mr. BRADY of Texas. H. Con. Res. 25: Mr. WELDON of Pennsyl- ERS. vania and Mr. KING. H.R. 968: Mr. FOLEY, Mr. JEFFERSON, Mrs. f H. Con. Res. 29: Ms. BERKLEY and Mr. WILSON, Mrs. CHRISTENSEN, Mr. SHOWS, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida. ISAKSON, Mr. GIBBONS, Mr. FROST, Mr. SES- PETITIONS, ETC. H. Con. Res. 38: Mr. LAFALCE. SIONS, Mr. MCNULTY, Mr. STEARNS, Mr. HORN, H. Con. Res. 41: Ms. NORTON. Under clause 3 of rule XII, petitions Mr. BOUCHER, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, H. Con. Res. 42: Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. STUPAK, and papers were laid on the clerk’s Mr. FILNER, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr. Mr. ISSA, and Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. desk and referred as follows: DELAHUNT, Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia, and H. Con. Res. 48: Mr. DOOLITTLE. Mr. CHAMBLISS. H. Con. Res. 49: Mr. DOOLITTLE. 7. The SPEAKER presented a petition of H.R. 981: Mrs. JO ANN DAVIS of Virginia. H. Con. Res. 52: Mr. GUTIERREZ, Mr. WAX- the Legislature of Rockland County, New H.R. 995: Mr. SKEEN. MAN, Ms. LEE, Mr. KIRK, Mr. DEFAZIO, Ms. York, relative to Resolution No. 56 of 2001 H.R. 996: Mr. SKEEN. SLAUGHTER, Mr. MENENDEZ, and Mr. COYNE. petitioning the Nuclear Regulatory Commis- H.R. 1004: Mr. BONIOR, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of H. Con. Res. 54: Mr. TURNER, Mr. KINGSTON, sion to immediately shut down Indian Point Texas, Mr. WYNN, and Mr. THOMPSON of Mis- Mr. WICKER, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. TAYLOR of 2 nuclear power plant until the Commission sissippi. Mississippi, and Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon. inspects each and every safety component H.R. 1015: Mr. FRANK and Mr. CHAMBLISS. H. Con. Res. 58: Ms. SLAUGHTER and Mr. and piece of equipment and certifies to the H.R. 1018: Mr. WELDON of Florida, Mr. BUR- GILMAN. public that the said nuclear power plant is TON of Indiana, Mr. HOEKSTRA, Mr. ROHR- H. Con. Res. 59: Mr. DELAY and Mrs. safe; to the Committee on Energy and Com- ABACHER, Mr. CULBERSON, and Mr. BAKER. KELLY. merce.

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HONORING GAYE LeBARON HONORING CHAMPIONSHIP SEASON intent. Fees will recover the Commission’s OF THE LADY BLUE DEVILS costs of supervising the markets, but they will no longer be a burdensome tax on investors HON. MIKE THOMPSON HON. BART GORDON and capital formation. The bill reduces all excess SEC fees: trans- OF CALIFORNIA OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES action, registration, merger/tender, single stock IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES futures, and the trust indenture fee. The fee Tuesday, March 20, 2001 relief bill provides a stable funding structure Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Mr. GORDON. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to for the SEC by ensuring that appropriators Mr. THOMPSON of California. Mr. Speaker, recognize the championship season of the have sufficient funds to meet the agency’s I rise today to recognize my good friend and Jackson County Lady Blue Devils. The Lady funding needs. a true Sonoma County legend, Gaye LeBaron. Blue Devils recently won a second straight The fee relief bill also includes a pay parity Class AA girls basketball state championship. provision to help the Commission attract and Ms. LeBaron is stepping down as a daily Residents of Jackson County, Tennessee, retain first-rate attorneys, accountants, and columnist with the Press Democrat newspaper can be proud of their Lady Blue Devils. The economists. In the post-Gramm-Leach-Bliley in Santa Rosa after nearly 46 years with the team went 22–10 this season and showed re- financial services world, SEC professionals paper. markable perseverance and resilience. Just performing the same work as their colleagues She began her career in journalism in 1951 hours before the team beat their opponents by in the banking agencies should receive similar as a correspondent with the Sonoma Index a 46–42 score, the mother of senior guard compensation. Tribune. She joined the Press Democrat as a Sarah Gipson died after a two-year fight with I would like to commend our colleagues in student intern in 1955 and graduated to cub cancer. the other Body, specifically Senators PHIL reporter in 1957. Over the years she has per- The team played with guts and determina- GRAMM and CHUCK SCHUMER, for their excel- formed almost every job in the newsroom. She tion despite Sarah’s heart-wrenching loss. lent work in moving similar legislation, S. 143, began writing her Press Democrat column in Sarah’s mother, the former Dianne Spivey, through the Senate Banking Committee. I look 1959 and it has since become a daily staple was a member of the school’s state champion- forward to seeing the Senate act on that legis- in the lives of thousands of Sonoma County ship team in 1973. lation soon. readers. I commend the team and its coach, Jim Here in the House, I thank my numerous Brown, for a fine season and gutsy win. The colleagues from both sides of the aisle who Gaye LeBaron embodies the county’s col- following are members of the 2000–2001 state have joined Mr. FOSSELLA as original cospon- lective memory. She has written on both champion Lady Blue Devils: Candace Stafford, sors of this legislation and given it such strong events she has witnessed and experienced Courtney Childress, Kayla Olson, Becca bipartisan support right from the start. I look and on the county’s colorful and more distant Focer, Sarah Gipson, Sheena Hager, Jennifer forward to moving this bill through the financial past. Harris, Ashley Hopkins, Amanda Naff, Deanna Services Committee expeditiously. She co-authored a two-volume history of Apple, Andrea Davidson, Emily Lane, Marissa f Santa Rosa and Sonoma County and edited a Hensley, Megan Pepper, Alyssa Bowman, HONORING THE HOPKINTON third volume on Sonoma County in the 19th managers Lucy Anderson, Stephenee Clayton, BASKETBALL TEAM Century. Her class on the History of Sonoma Faith Henshaw, Lacy Sircy, and trainer Shawn County at Santa Rosa Junior College is one of Moffitt. Kevin Bray and Barbara Brown also the most popular offerings each semester. serve as the team’s assistant coaches. HON. JAMES P. McGOVERN OF MASSACHUSETTS To her colleagues at the paper, she was the f IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES newsroom’s ‘‘go-to-guy’’ who could tell them INTRODUCTION OF THE INVESTOR when a highway opened, or how a local land- AND CAPITAL MARKETS FEE RE- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 mark got its name or whether an obituary LIEF ACT Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today should run on page one. to join the community of Hopkinton, Massa- To her readers she was an artist who paint- HON. MICHAEL G. OXLEY chusetts in celebrating the accomplishments ed broad word pictures of how the county OF OHIO and performance of the Hopkinton High once was and made us all feel part of the con- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES School Girl’s Varsity Basketball Team. Their tinuum of history. banner season came to a remarkable conclu- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 sion on March 13, 2001 at the Fleet Center in But there was another side to Gaye Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I applaud my col- Boston where they captured the 2000–2001 LeBaron. Many of her columns reflected her leagues Mr. FOSSELLA, Mr. BAKER, Mrs. KELLY, Massachusetts Division IV State Champion- keen observations of the contemporary polit- and Mrs. MALONEY for introducing legislation ship. ical and social landscape, often seen through that is vitally important to every American in- There are many stories of note surrounding the eyes of her acerbic informant, ‘‘Sam the vestor indeed, to every American business this group of remarkable athletes. Of the 15 Shark.’’ Whether a literary device or Sonoma seeking access to our capital markets. It’s members of the team, 12 are underclassmen. County’s own ‘‘Deep Throat,’’ Sam asked the called the Investor and Capital Markets Fee Such an accomplishment for a team of rel- questions that more dignified people perhaps Relief Act, and it will save investors and mar- atively young women is certainly impressive. would not and together Sam and Gaye stirred ket participants $14 billion dollars over the Another story is the inspirational play of soph- the debate and moved us forward. next ten years. omore forward Meg Davis, who overcame a Mr. Speaker, Gaye LeBaron has received a Congress must take action. If nothing is painful back injury to play in the tournament. multitude of awards and acknowledgments. done to stop the flow of investors’ cash into In the first half, while the Hillers were trailing She is revered in her community and is a government coffers, more than $24 billion the Manchester Hornets, Davis and junior giant in her profession. It is therefore fitting overcharges will be collected over the next ten guard Mari Levine, who finished with a team- and proper that we honor her today for her years. high 20 points, sparked a critical run, ulti- long and distinguished career and for her This fee Relief legislation reduces fees to a mately leading their team to a convincing 61– many accomplishments. level more consistent with Congress’s original 39 victory.

● This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4090 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 Teamwork was the key to the Hillers’ suc- her way, having a dramatic impact on some- and staff of the school, ‘‘Mrs. Cullen is a dedi- cessful season. Led on the court by senior co- one’s life. I would like to say thank you to cated, caring and loving teacher to all of her captains Connie Chace and Jen Sanborn, Heather—she is truly a treasure to our com- students. She focuses on her student’s every player added to the Hillers’ fairy tale munity. strengths and positive attributes instead of the season: senior Kelley Connelly, juniors Allison f negatives. Pat helps her students to strive, to Azar and Shawna McCabe, sophomores Katie achieve, and to be successful in their endeav- Baldiga, Taylor Chance, Julia Weaver, Lindsey HONORING THE INTERNATIONAL ors. All her students love and respect her. The Dragin, and freshmen Lauren Aulds, Erika YEAR OF VOLUNTEERS faculty and staff have the same feelings for Steele, Callie Nealon and Jackie Pappas. And her and trust me when I say we have mixed of course, special recognition must be ex- HON. MIKE THOMPSON emotions about her leaving. We are happy for tended to Coach Dick Bliss for his inspirational OF CALIFORNIA the new chapter beginning in her life but sad- leadership. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dened to see her leave us.’’ Mr. Speaker, it is with tremendous pride that Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Ms. Bruno continues, ‘‘Mrs. Cullen is truly a I recognize the exceptional student-athletes of remarkable woman and a credit to the teach- the Hopkinton High School Girl’s Varsity Bas- Mr. THOMPSON of California. Mr. Speaker, ing profession. Pat Cullen truly personifies ketball team for an unforgettable season. I Mr. Speaker, I rise today in recognition of the what a teacher should be.’’ congratulate them on their accomplishment International Year of Volunteers. The United Mr. Speaker, I am deeply committed to pro- and wish them the best of luck in years to Nations General Assembly has designated the viding more resources at the federal level so come. year 2001 to encourage and advance the con- that Patricia Cullen, her colleagues, and those f cept of volunteer service. who will join this profession can do an even In Humboldt County, California, the North better job than they have been doing. But in HEATHER HAGAN—AMERICAN Coast Regional Network for Service and Vol- addition to the material resources which we HERO unteerism was founded to facilitate and im- owe these dedicated public servants, we owe prove effective volunteer efforts. The North them better recognition as well for the job they HON. PHIL ENGLISH Coast Regional Network joins other volunteer do in often difficult circumstances. I am de- OF PENNSYLVANIA groups throughout the nation in working to lighted to join Patricia Cullen’s students and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES promote and strengthen volunteerism. Hun- colleagues in recognizing her excellent work, dreds of California’s North Coast residents en- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 and wishing her well. thusiastically volunteer their time to enhance f Mr. ENGLISH. Mr. Speaker, in a time of cri- the quality of life in our community. They work sis, many of us choose not to get involved. in a wide variety of non-profit organizations, HONORING THE 270TH BIRTHDAY Mr. Speaker, we’ve all read the newspaper educational institutions, senior and youth pro- OF PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY, headlines when someone has witnessed a grams, the arts and health services. VIRGINIA crime or even saw someone get injured and Mr. Speaker, the International Year of Vol- they chose not to get involved because they unteers recognizes and honors the voluntary HON. TOM DAVIS didn’t want to complicate their lives. commitment of individuals and groups who OF VIRGINIA Today, I rise to pay tribute to someone who contribute their time and resources and share IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES acted differently, bravely. Heather Hagan per- their skills to build better communities. For that Tuesday, March 20, 2001 sonifies a hero’s life. She chose to get in- reason, Mr. Speaker, it is appropriate at this volved and in the end saved a woman’s life. time that we honor the efforts of the North Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I At 15 years old, Heather showed incredible in- Coast Regional Network, and all volunteers, would like to take this opportunity to recognize tuition, caring, and determination for one so for their dedication to community service. Prince William County, Virginia, which will be young. f celebrating its 270th birthday on March 20, On March 12, as she was doing her daily 2001. rounds delivering The Herald to her customers GOODBYE MRS. CULLEN Prince William County was established by on her paper route, she noticed something dif- the Virginia General Assembly on July 9, ferent at the home of Josephine McCutcheon. HON. BARNEY FRANK 1730, when the population increased to a The newspapers were piled up against the OF MASSACHUSETTS point that the formation of a new county was door, unclaimed for several days. Additionally, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES necessary. It took several months for the leg- Heather realized she had not seen the 81- islation to become law. In 1731, Prince William year-old woman in days. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 County was recognized as a county and in- Heather completed her route. She thought Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, as we in Con- cluded Fairfax, Arlington, Alexandria, Loudon about how odd it was that Mrs. McCutcheon gress and in the Executive Branch intensify and Fauquier. Named for William Augustus, had not picked up her newspaper or even our efforts better to support public education in the second son of King George II, the county stopped delivery if she was going out of town. this country, we should be sure to continue to was cut to its current size in 1759. Within the Worried, she called the elderly woman’s house focus on teachers as the central element in county there are also two independent cities, but the line was busy. this effort. The dedicated men and women Manassas and Manassas Park. Heather chose not to let it end there. She who have entered the teaching profession The citizens of Prince William County are knew something was not right so she returned over the years deserve far better treatment continually contributing to the country’s history to the home of the former Mercer council- than we have given them. Too often they are and cultural heritage. The county was home to woman and county commissioner. There was inadequately compensated, and given too little some of the nation’s first European settle- no response when she knocked at the door. to work with in the way of resources. Despite ments. Many of the first arrivals to the county Sensing something was wrong, Heather con- that, large numbers of talented, intelligent, cre- were of Irish descent. They settled on vacant tacted the local authorities, who found Mrs. ative individuals have continued to go into the plots and began to farm, aided only by con- McCutcheon lying on the floor of the house teaching profession because of their love of victs who had been sent from England. It also after a fall, unable to summon help. learning and their concern for young people. played an important role in the American Rev- Mr. Speaker, in a time when the news is full In June, one individual who is an excellent olution by aiding in the formation of the new of stories of insensitive and selfish people, example of this tradition will be retiring. country. they have not been introduced to teens such Patricia Cullen is a sixth grade teacher at Prince William County was the site of many as Heather Hagan. She broke the mold. She the Wareham Middle School in Wareham, Civil War battles. One of the most notable of gives me hope for the coming generations. Massachusetts and she will be enjoying a well the Civil War conflicts was the Battle of First The easy thing to do would’ve been for deserved retirement after 33 years of dedi- Manassas, which was the first major encoun- Heather to do her job and leave it at that. But cated teaching at the end of this year. In the ter between the North and South. The Manas- she, in the immortal words of Robert Frost, words of Judith Bruno of the Wareham Middle sas Battlefields are now National Parks visited took the road less traveled by, going out of School staff, speaking on behalf of the faculty by thousands every summer.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4091 Prince William County continues, to this Despite Frank’s extraordinary professional For instance, in Boston, students assigned day, to have a close connection to our military. accomplishments, he never lost sight of what to the most effective teachers for a year In fact, the town of Quantico is completely sur- is truly important in life. During the eulogies showed 18 times greater gains in reading and rounded by a Marine Corps Base. The military delivered at his funeral earlier this month, his nearly 16 time greater gains in math than history of this town goes back to the Revolu- family and colleagues spoke eloquently about those students who were assigned to the least tionary and Civil Wars, when the land was the balance in Frank’s life. His deep faith was effective teachers. used for Virginia Naval Operations. The Ma- a guiding force in his approach to life, and his In Tennessee, similar students with 3 very rine Corps Base was established there in professional responsibilities never over- effective teachers in a row scored 50 per- 1917. shadowed his commitment to his wife, Pat, centile points better than students who were Today, Prince William County is the second and their five children and 12 grandchildren. In assigned 3 very ineffective teachers in a row. most populous county in the Commonwealth. that regard, Frank McCarthy was a role model All of our students deserve to achieve these The rich history in this county makes it one of to working men and women in all walks of life. same gains. the most historical counties in the nation. The At this time, we all feel a tremendous sense By providing teachers with the opportunity to citizens are proud to keep this history alive of loss, but also reflect with great affection and receive intensive professional development, and are continually reminded of the past by gratitude for his contributions to the industry my bill will help put more effective, qualified the collective knowledge of those who live and and his community. teachers in the classroom. work there. Moreover, Prince William County f I urge my colleagues to support the Teacher is a leader in a new Virginia revolution, a tech- Sabbatical Leave Grants Act. nology revolution. I am certain that her citizens TEACHER SABBATICAL LEAVE will continue their role as leaders of Virginia’s GRANTS ACT f and America’s futures. Mr. Speaker, in closing, I wish continued HON. PATSY T. MINK CONGRATULATING THE OUR LADY prosperity for the County of Prince William and OF HAWAII OF LOURDES WARRIORS I call upon all of my colleagues to join me in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES applauding this remarkable milestone. I am proud to represent a portion of Prince William Tuesday, March 20, 2001 HON. SUE W. KELLY County in the House of Representatives. Mrs. MINK of Hawaii. Mr. Speaker, today I OF NEW YORK f am introducing the Teacher Sabbatical Leave IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Grants Act. A TRIBUTE TO FRANK E. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Without a quality teacher in the classroom, MCCARTHY it is impossible for us, as a nation, to provide Mrs. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to the education our children deserve. It is es- pay tribute to a group of hard working women HON. DON SHERWOOD sential that we ensure quality teachers are in who have given their all in order to continue OF PENNSYLVANIA every classroom in every school. one of the Hudson Valley’s greatest dynasties. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Professional development helps ensure our On Sunday afternoon, the 14 members of the Tuesday, March 20, 2001 teachers’ skills grow and change as our stu- Our Lady of Lourdes women’s basketball team Mr. SHERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I wish to in- dents grow more diverse and as our tech- cruised to their third consecutive Class B form my colleagues of the recent passing of nology changes. However, our teachers will State title, the Warriors’ eighth crown in the Frank E. McCarthy, the President of the Na- never get the in-depth development training past 15 years. tional Automobile Dealers Association (NADA). they need to stay on top of their field from Under the guidance of 18th year coach Frank died on February 25 as a result of com- one-day workshops. Brian Giorgis, Our Lady of Lourdes won their plications from his battle with kidney cancer. Recent findings have shown that 99 percent final 27 games en route to a 27–1 record and Before my election to Congress, I was a of our teachers have participated in at least a 22nd place ranking in USA Today’s national franchised new car dealer and a member of one professional development activity in the poll. After defeating Garden City, 57–37 to NADA, so I can personally attest to the role past year. However only 12 percent of teach- reach the championship games, the Warriors that Frank McCarthy played as an automotive ers who spent only 1 to 8 hours in profes- put the crown jewel on their season by setting industry leader for more than three decades. sional development said it improved their down Iroquois, 57–28 in the final. Dealers, automotive executives, and policy- teaching a lot. That is a dismal figure. We Throughout the year, the Warriors embodied makers alike will miss his determination, rea- must work to provide teachers with intensive the American ideal, working together as a soned voice, and knowledge of the industry. professional development, so 100 percent of team to accomplish a goal. From seniors who NADA is the Voice of the Dealers and for 33 teachers who receive the training feel that it had played on two previous State champion- years Frank McCarthy was the heart of NADA. improved their teaching. Without it, we will ship teams to first year players getting their Frank had been the chief executive of never be able to ensure our children are being first taste of interscholastic competition, the NADA since 1968, making him one of the taught by quality teachers. team formed a cohesive unit under coach deans of the trade association community in My bill will give teachers the opportunity to Giorgis and steamrolled the competition, the nation’s capital. To put his service in per- receive intensive professional development outscoring its opponents by a whopping 1,905 spective, Frank assumed the helm of NADA training. This bill creates a program to provide to 978. At the same time they showed dedica- when Lyndon Johnson was President and the grants for public school teachers who take one tion to their sport and their teammates, they 1968 Ford Galaxie was the best selling car in or two semesters of sabbatical leave to pursue held the same high standard towards their America. During his entire tenure, Frank en- a course of study for professional develop- education and the local community, making it joyed the utmost respect among Members of ment. The grant covers one-half of the salary easy to understand their near invincibility. Congress, professional staff, and his col- the teacher would have earned if the teacher While Our Lady of Lourdes is not a large leagues in the private sector. had not been granted a leave of absence. school, it looms large in the annals of wom- On behalf of dealers, Frank built strong rela- Teachers are eligible if they have been ap- en’s basketball. My fellow colleagues, please tionships with the automobile manufacturers. proved for sabbatical leave and if they have join me in congratulating coach Brian Giorgis, He had a unique abilty to convey the concerns enrolled in a course of study at an institution the Most Valuable Player of the Tournament, of the franchised dealers directly and con- of higher education designed to improve class- Kristin Keller, all-tournament team members cisely without sacrificing civility or profes- room teaching. Jenna Viani and Kristen Vilardi, team mem- sionalism. Under his leadership, NADA has By providing teachers with financial re- bers Kelly Barnum, Kim Boone, Sue Clanci, become one of the largest trade associations sources, they will be free to pursue an inten- Kathy Duffy, Jocelyn Kelly, Vicki Koster, in the United States, providing a wide variety sive course of study that can greatly improve Lauren Martinez, Aimee Meyer, Kelly Roche, of services to dealers and their more than one their teaching skills. Natalie Serkowski and Julianne Viani and all million employees. In all of these efforts, Frank And studies have shown that the more who assisted the Our Lady of Lourdes War- was the consumate team player, always seek- qualified a teacher is, the better the students’ riors in building the latest empire in the Empire ing credit for others rather than himself. performance will be. State.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4092 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 IN HONOR OF DENNIS WEBER FOR sidered to be the first Chicano rock and roll TRIBUTE TO CALIFORNIA MARI- HIS SERVICE TO DISABLED star to cross over into mainstream America TIME PRESIDENT JERRY AMERICAN VETERANS AND OUR with his hits, ‘‘Come On, Let’s Go,’’ the ballad ASPLAND NATION ‘‘Donna’’ and the flipside, ‘‘La Bamba’’ which is still heard all over the world. At age seven- HON. GEORGE MILLER HON. LORETTA SANCHEZ teen, his career ended tragically when he died OF CALIFORNIA OF CALIFORNIA in a plane crash along with rock and roll leg- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES end Buddy Holly and fellow rocker the Big Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Bopper (J.P. Richardson) on February 3, Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California. Mr. Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay 1959. Speaker, I rise today to bring to the attention tribute to Dennis Weber, Commander of the Valens achieved success and stardom at a of my colleagues another milestone in the sev- California chapter of the Disabled American younger age than many of rock’s superstars, enty-two year history of the California Maritime Veterans for his service to his community, his including John Lennon, Paul McCartney and Academy, located in the City of Vallejo in my country and as a proud member of the Armed Bob Dylan. The music Valens made is as vi- district of California. In furthering its mission of supporting the maritime interests of the United Services. brant today as it was when his hits were re- States, Cal Maritime receives federal assist- Mr. Weber, a true Californian, was born on leased in the late 1950’s. February 21, 1948 in Los Angeles, California. ance, primarily in the form of its training ship, Upon graduating from high school Mr. Weber Born Richard Steve Valenzuela, Valens the T.S. Golden Bear. Many of its graduates enlisted in the United States Marine Corps. began his music career by imitating the ear- become licensed officers on merchant marine While serving with the 3rd Marine Engineer liest rock and roll artists, especially Elvis, vessels, or in the U.S. Navy or Coast Guard. Battalion near An Hoa, Mr. Weber’s platoon Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis, Fats Domino, As a federally designated regional maritime was ambushed by the Viet Cong. As platoon The Penguins and The Drifters. Like so many academy for the Western states, Cal Maritime leader and while severely wounded, Mr. of that era, Valens was caught up in the ex- is the maritime college of choice for students Weber encouraged his men to stand strong citement of rock and roll. The performer with from California, Washington, Alaska, Hawaii, Arizona, and other western states. against the ambush and managed to lead his the greatest influence on his music, however, On June 30, 2001, California Maritime platoon to safety. Unfortunately two of his men was Little Richard. Ritchie would entertain visi- were killed in the battle. After spending a year Academy President Jerry A. Aspland will re- tors in his household with his versions of Little in the hospital recovering from his wounds Mr. tire, completing five years at the helm of this Weber was medically discharged and returned Richard’s ‘‘Ooh My Soul.’’ He joined The Sil- fine institution. President Aspland, a Cal Mari- to Los Angeles where he immediately began houettes, a typical high school garage band time graduate, had previously retired from his serving his country’s needs in the Los Angeles that played the popular tunes of the day at position as President of Arco Marine, Inc., city government. high school sock hops, church dances and when the California State University system During Mr. Weber’s year as Commander he local parties. Playing for the Silhouettes called him to begin a second career as one of has lead the organization in assisting veterans helped Valens realize that making music was the nation’s leading maritime educators. He in filing more than 16,000 claims for VA bene- what he wanted to do more than anything assumed the position of President of Cal Mari- fits, assisted in transporting more than 49,000 else. time on July 1, 1996. veterans to medical appointments covering President Aspland’s tenure has been In 1987, Columbia Pictures released the film over 1 million miles, and his given veterans marked by numerous advances for the institu- countless amounts of emotional support. La Bamba, written and directed by admired tion. Cal Maritime has become fully involved The State of California and this nation is Chicano playwright Luis Valdez, which immor- with the CSU system, as its twenty-second proud to have Mr. Weber as a native son. Mr. talized Valens’ brief life. The movie rejuve- campus. Enrollment has nearly doubled. Nu- Weber is an example of the finest product of nated his music nearly thirty years after his merous improvements to their facilities have this nation and I want to thank him for his pro- death. A whole new generation of fans grew to been completed on his watch, including the re- fessionalism, initiative and unwavering devo- love Valens’ as his hits were re-recorded and cent opening of a new, state-of-the art labora- tion to veterans. As commander of the Cali- performed by the East Los Angeles Chicano tory building, infrastructure and technology re- fornia chapter Mr. Weber’s performance has group, ‘‘Los Lobos,’’ for the La Bamba sound- placement and upgrading, seismic retrofits, truly been in keeping with the highest tradition track. This contemporary band went on to be- and the acquisition of additional training ves- sels. Ground will be broken soon for a new of the Disabled American Veterans, the state come a musical phenomenon, in large part be- of California, and the United States of Amer- technology center on the campus. A second cause of Valens’ achievements in the early annual summer training cruise has been intro- ica. days of rock and roll. Colleagues, please join with me as we duced, thereby doubling the number of training honor Mr. Dennis Weber with his wife Pam for Since the release of the movie La Bamba, billets. Academic programs have been ex- his outstanding contributions to our nation. Valens’ contributions to rock and roll have panded, and further options are in the plan- f been honored many times: he received a star ning stages. Under his leadership, Cal Mari- on the Hollywood walk of Fame, The United time was the first U.S. maritime academy to TRIBUTE TO THE LATE RITCHIE States Postal Service recognized his life and receive preliminary approval for having its VALENS career with a commemorative postage stamp, educational program meet the requirements of the Ritchie Valens Recreation Center was for- the international Standards for Training, Cer- tification, and Watchkeeping. A new strategic HON. HOWARD L. BERMAN mally dedicated at a park in his hometown of plan has just been published, and the institu- OF CALIFORNIA Pacoima, and he was inducted into Holly- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion is in readiness for its next academic ac- wood’s Rock Walk for his contributions to pop creditation visit scheduled this fall. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 music. Additionally, an annual music festival, By any measure the Aspland years at the Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay ‘‘The Legend Lives On,’’ is held in his honor. California Maritime Academy have been years tribute to the late Ritchie Valens, who was in- It was an honor to work with Valens’ family, of accomplishment in every aspect of this dis- ducted into the Rock of Roll Hall of Fame on friends and fans to urge the recording industry tinguished academic institution. I invite my col- March 19th. Although Valens died over forty to name this outstanding artist to the Rock leagues to share my great pride in all that Cal years ago, his presence is still strongly felt in and Roll Hall of Fame. Although long overdue, Maritime has contributed and continues to my congressional district, especially in the Valens’ inclusion is richly deserved and is contribute to its students, graduates, and to Northeast San Fernando Valley where he the maritime interests of the United States. cause for great celebration in Pacoima today. grew up. The recognition he is receiving Finally, on behalf of the constituents of my brings honor to his entire community. I ask my colleagues to join me in honoring district and my colleagues here in this cham- A pioneer in the history of rock and roll who the late Ritchie Valens, rock and rolls’ first ber, I wish to extend to President Jerry helped shape American music, Valens is con- Chicano star! Aspland our deeply felt appreciation for all that

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4093 has been accomplished on his watch, along ‘‘Research shows the highest-achieving the issuance of a gold medal in honor of Dr. with our very best wishes for the happy, students attend schools with good library Goddard. When measuring the importance of healthy retirement that he and his wife, Carol, media centers, and protecting library re- Dr. Goddard’s innovative contributions, there sources contributes to the overall improve- have earned and so richly deserve. ment of library media services for young is no greater proof of his originality than his f people.’’ says Harriet Selverstone, president United States patents. In addition to the two of AASL. ‘‘AASL is pleased to again partner patents issued in July 1914, 56 more would be PERSONAL EXPLANATION with 3M to help school libraries preserve issued to him in his lifetime. Thirty-five patents these resources for students throughout the pending were issued after his death in 1945. HON. JOHN B. SHADEGG country.’’ An additional 131 patents, based upon his ‘‘3M Salute to Schools’’ is open to middle OF ARIZONA notes, sketches, and photographs, were ap- and high schools in the United States. plied for by his widow, Esther C. Goddard. In IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Schools selected to receive the donation will 1960, the U.S. Government acquired the rights Tuesday, March 20, 2001 be awarded up to two 3M detection systems for the entrance/exit of their library media to use these 214 patents. Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Speaker, on March 7, centers, a supply of 3MTM Tattle-TapeTM Se- Mr. Speaker, Dr. Goddard created the build- 2001, I missed rollcall votes 31 and 32. I was curity Strips for marking items in their col- ing blocks which others would later invent chairing a hearing with Vice President Che- lection and necessary materials processing independently. Dr. Goddard considered both ney. Had I been present I would have voted accessories. Individual donations will vary manned and unmanned vehicles to explore ‘‘yea’’ for H.R. 624, the Organ Donation Im- depending upon specific needs of the library, the moon and planets, solar power, electric such as the size of a collection and the phys- propulsion, and even flight to the stars. Today, provement Act of 2001, and ‘‘yea’’ for H. Con. ical layout of the media center. To be consid- Res. 47, which honored the 21 members of ered for the donation, a school must meet the Armed Forces, NASA, and many others in the National Guard who were killed in the trag- eligibility requirements and be able to dem- the science community are able to construct ic crash of a National Guard Aircraft on March onstrate a need for a detection system. rockets, missiles, weather instruments due to 3, 2001. Applications are available online at Dr. Goddard’s vision. On this day, I would like www.3M.com/library of by calling the Amer- f to honor and recognize one of the greatest ican Library Association Fax-On-Demand scientists and the father of modern rocket pro- SCHOOLS INVITED TO APPLY FOR system at 1–800–545–2433, then press 4 and re- pulsion, Dr. Robert H. Goddard. FREE 3M LIBRARY SECURITY quest document no. 802. Recipients will be announced at the American Library Associa- f PRODUCTS tion Annual Conference, June 14 through 20 INTRODUCTION OF THE INTER- in San Francisco. Applications must be post- NATIONAL COUNTER-MONEY HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS marked by May 1, 2001. For more information about the 2001 ‘‘3M LAUNDERING AND ANTI-CORRUP- OF NEW YORK Salute to Schools’’ program, contact the TION ACT OF 2001 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AASL Awards Program at 1–800–545–2433, ext. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 4383, or [email protected]. The global leader in library security for HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE OF NEW YORK Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I submit the fol- more than 30 years, 3M protects literally bil- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lowing for the RECORD. lions of individual items in thousands of li- braries throughout the world. 3M is a Found- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 3M ANNOUNCES PROGRAM TO DONATE ing Partner to the American Library Asso- $1.5 MILLION TO SCHOOLS ciation’s Campaign for America’s Libraries, Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to 3M, in partnership with the American As- also known as the @ your libraryTM cam- be introducing today, in cooperation with Sen- sociation of School Librarians, will select 100 paign. This five-year public education cam- ator JOHN KERRY, anti-money laundering legis- schools to receive 3M security products that paign is designed to help promote the value lation that passed, on a bipartisan vote of 31– protect their valuable resources. of all types of libraries and librarians in the 1, the House Banking and Financial Services ST. PAUL, MINN.—March 6, 2001—3M today 21st century. The sponsorship further dem- Committee in the 106th Congress. Unfortu- announced the company will donate $1.5 mil- onstrates 3M’s commitment to helping li- nately, the full House did not consider this leg- lion to middle and high schools through its braries better meet the changing needs of li- islation in the previous Congress. But I am ‘‘3M Salute to Schools’’ program in 2001, brary professionals and their customers— which provides much-needed security prod- now and in the future. hopeful that we will make a serious effort in ucts that help reduce the loss of valuable li- the 107th Congress to enact this important bill brary resources. f into law. One hundred schools will be selected to re- TRIBUTE TO THE LATE DR. The purpose of the International Counter- ceive, free of charge, up to two 3MTM Detec- ROBERT HUTCHINGS GODDARD Money Laundering and Anti-corruption Act of tion Systems for the entrance/exit of their li- 2001 is to provide the United States with new brary media centers, a supply of 3MTM Tat- tools to combat foreign money laundering TM HON. STENY H. HOYER tle-Tape Security Strips for making mate- threats, and to prevent the use of the domes- rials and materials processing accessories—a OF MARYLAND package with an average value of about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tic financial system by money launderers and corrupt foreign officials. The bill specifically ad- $15,000. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Now in its second year, ‘‘3M Salute to dresses the abuse of offshore secrecy havens Schools’’ is sponsored by 3M, in partnership Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I represent the by criminals who seek to launder their illicit with the American Association of School Li- 5th Congressional District of Maryland which monetary gains. brarians (AASL), a division of the American is home to NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Let me stress an important point: offshore Library Association. 3M and AASL both Center. I would like to take this opportunity to secrecy havens are used by financial institu- share a strong commitment to education and celebrate the achievements of Dr. Robert tions and businesses around the world for per- value investing in the nation’s schools. Hutchings Goddard who, 75 years ago this fectly legal and legitimate transactions. How- ‘‘Protecting a school’s most valuable learning tools is an ongoing challenge for a month, launched the world’s first liquid propel- ever, the officially recognized secrecy, and al- library media center with limited resources lant rocket. Indeed, the flight of Goddard’s most non-existent supervision, of the financial and no proven security,’’ says Don Leslie, 3M rocket on March 16, 1926, at Auburn, MA, sectors in many of these jurisdictions, make it Library Systems. ‘‘One of the fundamental was a feat as epochal in history as that of the remarkably easy for criminals to abuse them. goals of ‘3M Salute to Schools’ is to enhance Wright Brothers at Kitty Hawk. During his life- And with the global growth of electronic com- education by making detection systems time Dr. Goddard designed, built, and merce and banking, and the unprecedented more available to schools that might not launched 35 rockets of increasing sophistica- expansion of global commerce in general, the otherwise have the resources to purchase tion. Dr. Goddard was the first scientist who financial system is more vulnerable to abuse. them.’’ In 2000, 3M donated $1 million to schools not only realized the potential of missiles and In a speech to international bankers in the through ‘‘3M Salute to Schools.’’ AASL se- space flight but also contributed directly in Spring of 2000, former Treasury Secretary lected 70 schools to receive a 3M detection bringing them to practical realization. Larry Summers highlighted three important system from among more than 500 appli- Mr. Speaker, on September 16, 1959, the reasons to embark on an aggressive fight cants. 86th Congress of the United States authorized against money laundering:

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4094 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 First, it help us pursue criminals who com- Authorize banks to share suspicions of em- than those offered under existing law, the bill mit the underlying organized crimes that gen- ployee misconduct in employment references moves us closer to meeting this goal. I look erate tainted money, such as drug trafficking, with other banks without fear of civil liability, forward to working with the Bush Administra- tax evasion, and fraud; and clarify prohibitions against disclosure of a tion, law enforcement officials, and the finan- Second, it helps us fight the foreign corrup- suspicious activity report to the subject of the cial services industry, to enact a common tion that undermines U.S. and multilateral as- report; sense approach to fighting money laundering. sistance programs to promote democracy and Clarify penalties for violating Geographic f economical development abroad; and lastly, Targeting Orders issued by the Secretary to It helps us protect the stability of the inter- combat money laundering in designated geo- APRIL SCHOOL OF THE MONTH national financial system. graphical areas; The bill we are introducing today enshrines Require the Bank Secrecy Act Advisory HON. CAROLYN McCARTHY these principles. The bill provides the Treasury Group to include a privacy advocate among its OF NEW YORK Secretary with the authority and discretion to membership and to operate under the ‘‘sun- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES address a specific money laundering problem shine’’ provisions of the Federal Advisory Tuesday, March 20, 2001 with precision—which cannot be done with Committee Act; current law. Require reports from the Treasury Depart- Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speak- Current law provides limited options for law ment and banking agencies regarding pen- er, I have named Meadowbrook Elementary enforcement; the Treasury Secretary can ei- alties for Bank Secrecy Act and safety-and- School in East Meadow as School of the ther issue informational advisories to U.S. fi- soundness violations; Month in the Fourth Congressional District for nancial institutions about specific offshore ju- Express the sense of the Congress that the April 2001. Thomas Mangano is Principal of risdictions, or take the more extreme approach U.S. should press foreign governments to take Meadowbrook Elementary, and Dr. Robert R. of invoking sweeping and often disruptive eco- action against money laundering and corrup- Dillon is the Superintendent of Schools for the nomic sanctions. In an effort to strengthen our tion, and make clear that the United States will East Meadow Union Free School District. ability to fight money laundering, the bill I am work to return the proceeds of foreign corrup- The school motto says it all—‘‘Four Walls introducing today provides new discretionary tion to the citizens of countries to whom such with the Future Inside.’’ For over 45 years, authority to the Treasury Secretary, which can assets belong; and, Meadowbrook has been educating Long Is- be invoked under certain select cir- Express the sense of the Congress that the land’s future generations on the importance of cumstances. For instance, the Secretary can U.S. should support the efforts of the Financial accepting everyone as is. These children have use these discretionary tools if he or she were Action Task Force, an international anti-money laundering organization, to identify jurisdictions learned that being ‘‘different’’ doesn’t matter. to identify an area of ‘‘primary money laun- Boasting a 100 percent teacher PTA mem- that do not cooperate with international efforts dering concern’’ offshore. If invoked by the bership, Meadowbrook fosters a culture of in- Treasury Secretary, these discretionary tools to combat money laundering. We are often told by the financial services clusion and emphasizes a strong school, fam- only apply to the activities of U.S. financial in- ily and community partnership. All teachers stitutions outside the U.S., but not domesti- industry that it self-regulates well in the area of international and correspondent banking, have been trained in the ‘‘World of Difference’’ cally. program which fosters a respect for diversity Our bill grants the Treasury Secretary the and that, therefore, no legislation is needed. at all levels. Meadowbrook is a multi-cultural authority, and policy discretion, to use several However, a recent staff report by the Senate’s school representing a variety of countries such new tools that fall between informational Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations as India, Pakistan, Columbia, South Korea, advisories, on the one hand, and economic concluded that U.S. correspondent banking South Vietnam, China, El Salvador, Egypt, sanctions on the other. For example, the Sec- provides an important avenue for rogue for- eign banks and their criminal clients to carry Israel and Russia. retary could identify a particular institution in a Meadowbrook, recognized as a New York on money laundering and other criminal activ- foreign jurisdiction as a primary money laun- State Blue Ribbon School, is one of five ele- ity in the U.S. We are also too often reminded dering concern without making a determination mentary schools in the East Meadow Public by egregious cases—such as the recent one regarding the entire foreign jurisdiction, and School District and has 510 students. involving the laundering of Russian organized then, impose restrictions on activities con- Meadowbrook is one of two sites which pro- crime funds through offshore centers and U.S. cerning such an institution. The approach vides educational services to children who financial institutions—that our current regu- taken in the bill offers the kind of regulatory face special educational challenges. This, latory and law enforcement system may not flexibility, which does not exist today, needed combined with the school’s emphasis on cul- be as protected as we like to think. A well tar- to tackle a fast-moving and remarkably adapt- tural awareness, teaches children that being geted, common sense approach—such as the able class of criminals. different is good. one in this bill—that fills in gaps in current law More specifically, the bill would do the fol- I commend Meadowbrook for the focus on makes sense. Moreover, keeping in mind the lowing: special education students. I have a learning need to protect legitimate commerce, the bill is Authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to disability that wasn’t diagnosed until I was an crafted in a way that evenly balances burden- impose one or more of five new special meas- adult, so I’m particularly gratified to know chil- sharing between regulators and the financial ures upon finding a jurisdiction, financial insti- dren are being helped at a young age. It’s services industry. tution operating outside the United States, or also comforting to me that these kids don’t In sum, I am pleased to propose com- class of international transactions to be of ‘‘pri- feel ‘‘different.’’ I know that feeling, and it’s not prehensive money laundering legislation to ad- mary money laundering concern’’; a good one. Require the Secretary, in selecting a meas- dress one of the most insidious and chal- Congratulations, and keep up the good ure, to consult with the Federal Reserve and lenging of financial crimes. Money laundering work. consider several factors of concern to domes- is now estimated to absorb somewhere be- tic financial institutions; tween 2 and 5 percent of the world’s domestic f Outline the special measures, including en- product, or nearly $600 billion, and represents TRIBUTE TO REV. VERSIE hanced recordkeeping and reporting; collection a significant threat to the international financial PULPHUS EASTER OF THE of information on beneficial ownership of cer- system. The enhanced tools in this proposed CHRISTIAN METHODIST EPIS- tain accounts; conditions on opening so-called legislation will lead to improved ways of pre- COPAL CHURCH, TURNER CHAP- payable-through and correspondent accounts; serving the integrity of the international finan- EL CHURCH and prohibition of payable-through or cor- cial system, working in partnership with our respondent accounts; major trading partners and the world’s market HON. DAVID E. BONIOR Require the Secretary to consult with se- economies. OF MICHIGAN lected Federal officials and consider a number As we consider policy changes in this area, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of factors in making a finding relative to a pri- we must address the appropriate needs of law mary money laundering concern; enforcement without impeding legitimate com- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Require the Secretary to notify Congress merce. By empowering the Federal govern- Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, the Christian within 10 days of taking a special measure; ment with more flexible and effective tools Methodist Episcopal Church is an organization

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4095 with a noble mission: to preach the Good have not been accounted for, and the Turkish torn Cyprus apart and caused 27 years of suf- News, teach divine truth and heal life by the government continues to refuse to provide in- fering for thousands of innocent people. power of God. Extending from the efforts of formation as to their whereabouts. f first generation pioneers to present day evan- Despite these heinous crimes, Turkey con- gelists, CME’s mission has always been to tinues to relocate some 80,000 Turkish citi- H.R. 333 PROVIDES RELIEF TO spread good faith to communities worldwide. zens to Northern Cyprus, thus changing the FAMILIES, CONSUMERS, FARM- Each year the Turner Chapel Christian demographic structure in the north. Many of ERS, AND SMALL BUSINESSES Methodist Episcopal Church has held a week- these Turkish citizens occupy homes and es- long spiritual revival, encompassing several tates once belonging to Greek Cypriots who HON. DENNIS MOORE area churches and welcoming members of all were evicted during the invasion. Additionally, OF KANSAS denominations of faith. During this revival, historical institutions of religious and cultural IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES congregation members join together in spir- heritage have been willfully pillaged and de- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 itual song, spoken word, and biblical teach- stroyed. ings, renewing and strengthening their reli- Tragically, there are only 500 Greek Cyp- Mr. MOORE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to share gious beliefs. This evening, as the Turner riots still living in the occupied area, and even my support for H.R. 333, the Bankruptcy Chapel Church culminates its revival week those few families are subject to constant and Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection with its final service, they have chosen to systematic campaigns of harassment and in- Act of 2001. H.R. 333 is the culmination of honor visiting revival leader Rev. Versie timidation. They are forbidden to attend school many years of compromise and discussion in Pulphus Easter, for her treasured contributions or work, denied medical assistance and can- Congress and among consumer advocates to the community. not visit their families living in the Republic of and business representatives. This bill is the A life long evangelist and missionary to the Cyprus. This blatant violation of international culmination of efforts to protect families filing Christian Methodist Episcopal Church, Rev. law and basic human rights must not be toler- bankruptcy, family farmers, and small busi- Easter has demonstrated her dedication and ated. nesses without negatively harming responsible commitment through her outstanding service In 1983, Turkey encouraged a ‘‘unilateral borrowers. with her community and beyond. A certified declaration of independence’’ by the Turkish In recent years, the bankruptcy filing rate United States Chaplain Association member, Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The has increased rapidly, with a record high of ordained Elder in Full of the CME Church, and United Nations Security Council as well as our 1.4 million in 1998. In 2000, over $40 billion veteran pastor of over 31 years, she has government condemned this declaration. To was discharged through bankruptcies. Retail- made history as the first Female Presiding date the TRNC is not officially recognized as ers pass on the costs of losing this money to Elder of the CME Church. Captivating audi- a sovereign State by any country except for all consumers by raising prices for goods and ences as a world evangelist as well, her mes- Turkey. services. All consumers, regardless of their sage and ministry have been received in Aus- Mr. Speaker, since that time, the inter- use of credit, pay for these discharged debts. tralia, the Bahamas, Germany, and Brazil. national community has made some progress In fact, bankruptcies cost each household in Currently serving as pastor of the Womack on this issue. In June of 1999, the European America $400 per year. Temple CME Church in Dyersburg, Ten- Commission of Human Rights found Turkey Furthermore, creditors are forced to restrict nessee and living by the motto: Where God responsible for continuing to violate several access to credit as bankruptcies cost creditors Guides, He Provides, her distinguished service provisions of the European Convention of more and more money. This restricted access and remarkable dedication to improving the Human Rights, including not accounting for to credit disproportionately affects low-income lives of people through faith continue to serve missing persons, limiting the living conditions Americans, who are most in need of afford- as an example to communities around the of the enslaved, and failing to protect the able credit for mortgages and consumer pur- world. properties of the displaced persons. chases. It is more important than ever, given I applaud the Turner Chapel Christian The recent decision of the European Par- the recent economic downturn, that we fight to Church and Rev. Versie Pulphus Easter for liament (EP) to approve a report delivered by lower prices for consumers and provide equal their leadership, commitment, and service. I Jaques Poos, the former Foreign Minister of access to credit to all Americans. know that Rev. Easter is honored by this rec- Luxembourg and the Cyprus Rapporteur of the Mr. Speaker, H.R. 333, fairly addresses the ognition and I urge my colleagues to join me EP Foreign Relations Commission, has rattled concerns of bankruptcy filers, consumers, and in saluting her for her exemplary years of faith Turkey and the Denktash regime. The deci- creditors. This bill contains a needs-based for- and service. sion accused the illegal TRNC regime and mula that directs filers into chapter 7 or Chap- f Turkey of a lack of progress in efforts to find ter 13 based on their ability to pay. Filers a solution on the island. In addition to insisting earning less than the national median income 27TH ANNIVERSARY OF TURKEY’S that the Turkish occupation forces withdraw are not affected by this legislation. Further- INVASION OF THE REPUBLIC OF from the island, the report defended the Greek more, if filers earn more than the national me- CYPRUS Cypriot’s position that would allow for its mem- dian income, but if after paying the allowable bership in the European Union, before a set- monthly deductions and secured debts pay- HON. MICHAEL E. CAPUANO tlement of the Cyprus issue. ments the filers are unable to pay not less OF MASSACHUSETTS Mr. Denktash and his government at than the lesser of 25 percent of non-priority IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES present are experiencing some difficulties of unsecured debt or $6,000 (or $100 a month), their own. Faced with collapsing banks, unem- whichever is greater, or $10,000, they will Tuesday, March 20, 2001 ployment, inflation and devalued wages—the have access to Chapter 7 without qualification. Mr. CAPUANO. Mr. Speaker, on July 20th situation could be ready for change. These precautions are taken to ensure that 2001, we will mark the 27th anniversary of Mr. Speaker, I reiterate my argument from those who can afford to pay their debts are re- Turkey’s invasion of the Sovereign State of last year that the continued occupation of quired to do so. And even if a filer is above Cyprus. On this date in 1974, Turkish troops Northern Cyprus is clearly an affront to over the limits, this bill protects those who have began a campaign to forcibly evict nearly 90 United Nations and Security Council reso- special circumstances such as a decline in in- 200,000 Greek Cypriots from their homes lo- lutions calling on Turkey to withdraw its forces come or unexpected medical expenses that cated in the northern part of the island of Cy- and return refugees to their homes and for can be taken into account and preclude mov- prus. After twenty-seven years, Greek Cypriots Turkey to respect the sovereignty, independ- ing the filer into Chapter 13. are still prohibited from returning to their ence and territorial integrity and unity of the All of these provisions are included to en- homes and remain refugees within their own Republic of Cyprus. This is an insult to the sure that bankruptcy relief is available to those country. United States and the global community which who are truly in need, while ending the abuses Nearly 1,000 women were raped, their ages has worked tirelessly to unify Greek and Turk- in the system by irresponsible debtors who are vary from 12 to 78, while over 6,000 Greek ish Cypriots in a peaceful manner. capable of repaying their debts. Cypriots were massacred, many of them tor- I hope that the United States and the inter- Furthermore, Mr. Speaker, H.R. 333 in- tured to death. Over 1,600 men, women and national community will continue to advocate cludes provisions to protect women and chil- children who vanished during the invasion for a peaceful solution to this conflict that has dren, those individuals who typically have the

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4096 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 most to lose in bankruptcy proceedings. There MARCH CITIZEN OF THE MONTH World Bank AIDS Trust Fund needs the full has been criticism that the bill would put $150 million to fund its efforts to assist those women and children in competition with credit HON. CAROLYN McCARTHY countries hardest hit by HIV/AIDS, particularly and finance companies for scarce resources OF NEW YORK those in sub-Saharan Africa. I urge President of the debtor. This is not the case, however. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bush to continue to support President Clin- Current bankruptcy law puts child support and ton’s initiative that made the patent laws over alimony payments in seventh priority. H.R. 333 Tuesday, March 20, 2001 HIV/AIDS drugs in sub-Saharan Africa less moves alimony and child support to the first Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speak- stringent. This will allow African AIDS patients priority of debts to be repaid. H.R. 333 also er, I have named Frederick Brewington, Attor- to more easily get their hands on the medicine protects savings for a child’s education and re- ney and community activist in Hempstead as which they so desperately need. In promoting tirement savings. Additionally, it strengthens Citizen of the Month in the Fourth Congres- education and prevention abroad, we are tak- the ability of women to collect marital dissolu- sional District for March 2001. ing fundamental steps to battling this crisis at tion obligations. When there is an issue the public is con- home which knows no borders, age, or race. cerned about, you can bet Frederick is there, AIDS is also hitting us hard at home. More Also of importance is the provisions that fighting against injustices, and seeking the than 700,000 cases of AIDS have been re- permanently extends Chapter 12, the agricul- truth. Our community is better because Fred- ported in the United States since 1981, and as tural bankruptcy chapter. It also adjusts the ju- erick is with us. many as 900,000 Americans may be infected risdictional debt limit so it may be adjusted pe- A graduate of Northeastern University with HIV. In Michigan, Detroit hospitals are riodically pursuant to the Consumer Price School of Law, Frederick opened his personal having a hard time providing quality HIV/AIDS Index and provides different treatment for cer- practice in Hempstead over 13 years ago. His care because of the costs involved. Nation- tain tax claims arising from the disposition of law firm handles civil and voting rights, em- wide, we need to ensure that hospitals have a family farm. Protection of family farms is es- ployment discrimination, constitutional law, the proper resources to provide AIDS patients pecially important given the low commodity and fair housing cases. with the quality care they deserve. Half of all prices of recent years. Farmers need this pro- In addition to his practice, Frederick also new HIV infections are estimated to occur be- tection. finds time to teach Federal Pretrial Litigation tween the ages of 13–24. We need to ensure Finally, H.R. 333 contains a number of pro- and Trial Practice at Touro College in Hun- that our young people have the knowledge visions that were devised to address serious tington. A much-sought after public speaker, and counseling necessary to prevent and bat- problems in the small business bankruptcy Frederick has addressed the Nassau Bar As- tle this disease. context. Small businesses often work with sociation on numerous occasions, taught at Concrete steps need to be taken to battle small profit margins and an even smaller mar- the Practicing Law Institute, and conducted this overwhelming problem. The Housing Op- gin for error. Thus they cannot afford the many media interviews. portunities for Persons with AIDS program losses they are faced with by bankruptcy Frederick stands out from the crowd be- needs at least $300 million this year to con- abuses. cause of his commitment to all elements of tinue to do its job. It is the only Federal pro- community activism. Well-fought legal battles Currently, the bankruptcy system signifi- gram that helps our cities and States address are only part of his contribution to Nassau. He the housing crisis facing people living with cantly harms small businesses with endless is an active member of the Church of the AIDS. The Centers for Disease Control and delays that last for months and even years. Good Shepherd, where he serves as a Trust- Prevention is in need of $10 million dollars to H.R. 333 includes provisions improving the ee, and he is a certified Lay Preacher. develop and implement a grassroots HIV/AIDS management of bankruptcies by providing ef- He has proven that a community is what prevention media campaign for minorities. fective cost and delay reduction by incor- you make of it. He has lived on Long Island, Every dollar we spend on prevention saves porating several time-tested techniques. in Albany, and in Massachusetts. Frederick many lives and dollars in the long run. Specifically, the bill directs bankruptcy has been honored by all three communities, It is crucial that we are not only reactive in judges to actively manage Chapter 11 cases, and has a long list of titles, awards of recogni- this situation, but strongly proactive as well. I thereby encouraging debtors and creditors to tion, and certificates of appreciation from hope that all of my colleagues will do the right work together to try to move businesses out of each. things, and support funding for AIDS preven- bankruptcy, and restore them to normal busi- Every so often you come across someone tion and increasing access to medication for ness practice and protecting employees. who is so actively, so immersed in his or her our worldwide community. We need adequate The bill also encourages the development of community, that you have to stop and wonder resources to deal with this terrible crisis at standard-form plans and disclosure state- how he or she does it. Frederick is one of home and abroad. Millions of lives are at ments. Current law requires disclosure state- those people. stake. ments to be drafted from scratch, which great- Frederick and is wife, Adrienne, who is pas- f ly contributes to the costs of the Chapter 11 tor of United Methodist Church of Westbury, reside in Freeport. DRESS FOR SUCCESS: EMPOW- process. The use of standard-form plans and ERING WOMEN THROUGH CHARI- f disclosure statements would free up vital as- TABLE GIVING sets that companies could otherwise use to AIDS CRISIS help in the reorganization. HON. JUANITA MILLENDER-McDONALD I believe in personal responsibility, and not HON. DAVID E. BONIOR OF CALIFORNIA spending more than you make. I also realize, OF MICHIGAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES however, that there are circumstances in life IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that prevent honest and hard-working individ- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 uals and families from getting ahead. A death Tuesday, March 20, 2001 Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD. Mr. Speaker, in the family, divorce, job loss, unexpected Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, the AIDS death in keeping with the celebration of Women’s medical expenses and other events can all toll now stands at a staggering 21,800,000. History month, I rise to inform my colleagues contribute financial hardships. Our family farm- Sheer numbers tell us that AIDS is one of the and their constituents about a unique program, ers are facing low commodity prices and other most pressing humanitarian issues that faces Dress for Success, designed to provide low-in- unavoidable situations, and their farms should the international community. From Africa, to come women with appropriate dress clothing be protected. Small businesses should be pro- Bangladesh, to back home in Michigan, AIDS for job interviews. vided with the ability to get out of bankruptcy is crippling the human condition. It is our re- Dress for Success is a non-profit organiza- quickly. We all want to enable these groups to sponsibility to do all that we can to thwart this tion that helps low-income women to make the find relief in filing for bankruptcy, while ensur- deadly pandemic. transition into the workforce. To assist in this ing that all consumers are protected. Mr. Internationally, we should take a leadership transition, Dress for Success provides each of Speaker, I believe that H.R. 333 accomplishes role in combating AIDS. Of the 36 million peo- its clients with one business suit when they re- these goals, and I urge my colleagues to sup- ple infected by the HIV virus today, 25 million ceive an interview and a second suit when port this legislation. live in sub-Saharan Africa. That is why the they secure job placement. Most of these

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4097 women are referred by organizations such as Heart, a POW Medal, an American Campaign level. PUHCA’s primary purpose was to sim- domestic violence shelters, job training pro- Medal, a European, African, Middle-Eastern plify complex holding company structures and grams, and programs for incarcerated women. Campaign Medal, and Honorable Service to limit inappropriate business practices. This To date, Dress for Success has provided suits Lapel Pin, WWII. purpose was accomplished in the 1950’s and to over 50,000 women. Mr. Speaker, I ask that this 107th Congress the SEC has recommended to Congress that ‘‘Clean Your Closet Week’’ is its annual join me in posthumously recognizing a mem- PUHCA be repealed since 1981. major business suit drive, and it is being ob- ber of our Greatest Generation, Eldred Clifford Today, a significant number of electric and served during the period of March 17th— Schroeder. gas utility holding companies are required by March 24th. This year ‘‘Clean Your Closet f PUHCA to operate under arbitrary rules that Week’’ will be celebrated in over 50 cities in preclude them from investing in areas of need, the United States. One of the drop off points INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION developing new technologies and services, may be in or near your district. I encourage TO REPEAL PUHCA and competing in open markets. Other utility you to inform your constituents about this wor- companies are exempt from PUHCA’s restric- thy and important event so that more women HON. CHARLES W. ‘‘CHIP’’ PICKERING tions, but must operate primarily within one can be aided with re-entry into the work force. OF MISSISSIPPI state in order to maintain their exemptions. Our nation’s gas and electric utility companies, To find the Dress for Success site nearest IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES therefore, must operate principally within cer- you, please visit their web site at Tuesday, March 20, 2001 www.dressforsuccess.org. tain geographic ‘‘boxes.’’ This stifles innova- Mr. Speaker, in closing, I ask my colleagues Mr. PICKERING. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased tion, hinders competition, and creates market to explore how this program works to provide to introduce a bill today to help America’s en- power problems in the regional electricity mar- appropriate business attire to women, and ergy consumers by repealing an outdated law kets which conflicts directly with FERC’s ef- how it acts to improve their self-esteem. This that serves as a barrier to competition for in- forts to open the country’s wholesale markets program promotes charitable giving to individ- creased supply and transmission in today’s and transmission lines. PUHCA also delays or, in some cases, pre- uals in needs of assistance. We all aspire to troubled energy marketplace. This bill, which vents registered companies from offering new dress for success, therefore, we should en- is identical to legislation introduced by Chair- products and services to their consumers. As deavor to help those who are less fortunate to man TAUZIN in the last Congress and very a barrier to entry for gas and electric utilities realize their goals to look and feel their best. similar to legislation approved by the Senate in all states, PUHCA limits investment and f Banking Committee in the last Congress, would repeal a New Deal Law, the Public Util- growth opportunities on a nationwide basis in HONORING ELDRED CLIFFORD ity Holding Company Act of 1935 (PUHCA). the gas and electric industries. PUHCA also SCHROEDER I am pleased to be joined by Representative unnecessarily restricts the flow of capital into TOWNS, Representative STEARNS and Chair- all states thereby inhibiting the development of new transmission and generation capacity. HON. GARY MILLER man TAUZIN in introducing this important bipar- tisan legislation. I will be working closely with PUHCA stands in the way of the efforts by our OF CALIFORNIA nation’s utility industry to serve consumers in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these members as we seek to bring an end to this outdated policy which has outlived its use- a more competitive manner. The counterproductive restricts that PUHCA Tuesday, March 20, 2001 fulness and purpose. Chairman TAUZIN has places on the natural gas and electric power Mr. GARY MILLER of California. Mr. Speak- been the author of this legislation in the past industries are based on historical assumptions er, I rise to commend the heroic deeds of and I am proud to take his mantle forward. In that are no longer valid. The factors that ex- Eldred Clifford Schroeder, a distinguished addition, Representative STEARNS and TOWNS isted when PUHCA was enacted in 1935 no World War II veteran. have long been involved in the fight to repeal longer exist today. Federal and state laws at In February of 1943, at the height of World PUHCA and I look forward to working with that time were inadequate to protect con- War II, 24-year-old Eldred Clifford Schroeder them and having their leadership on this effort. sumers and investors 66 years ago. Today, was drafted into the United States Army, This legislation is a bipartisan initiative. The federal and state regulations have become where he was assigned to the 786th Bom- current Republican and previous Democratic much more comprehensive and sensitive to bardment Squadron in the European theater of Administrations have called for the repeal of market conditions. PUHCA, however, remains operations. He climbed the ranks to become a PUHCA. Further, the bill would implement the an economic drag on America’s energy indus- Technical Sergeant and served as a tail gun- recommendations of the Securities and Ex- try. ner on a B–24 Liberator. change Commission (SEC) made in 1995 fol- Mr. Speaker, I first became aware of After flying 22 successful combat missions, lowing an extensive study by the SEC of the PUHCA’s outdated restrictions when I served Schroeder and his crew were shot down over effects of this outdated law on the energy mar- as an aide to Senator Lott on the Tele- France. Fortunately, the French underground kets. communications Act of 1996. At the time, we rescued him and returned him to England Mr. Speaker, one of the factors that has were trying to modernize the Communications where his leg was treated for shrapnel contributed to the current California energy cri- Act of 1934, another command and control wounds. He resumed flying, but on his 26th sis and will stand in the way of any permanent New Deal legislation like PUHCA. PUHCA had combat mission, he was again shot down over solution is the structural and financial re- to be amended to allow competition in our France. This time, German troops found straints imposed under PUHCA. PUHCA un- telecommunications industry. Today, we need Schroeder, and he was taken as a prisoner of necessarily restricts the flow of capital into the to repeal the 1935 Act and replace it with one war. He was imprisoned at Stalag Luft One, in troubled California market, which is inhibiting that makes sense in today’s energy and cap- Barth, Germany, until the camp was liberated the development of new generation and trans- ital markets. nine months later by the Russian Army in May mission capacity. Repeal of PUHCA would There exists no reason to retain this out- of 1945. eliminate these artificial structural and financial dated regulation. The ability of State commis- Mr. Schroeder, a distinguished veteran, died barriers and could contribute to the alleviation sions to regulate holding company systems in 1968 without receiving the numerous med- of California’s energy problem and the West- and, together with the development of regula- als and honors he earned. His World War II ern regional energy problem. tion under the Federal Power Act of 1935 and experience reads like a Hollywood movie, but PUHCA is a law that has long outlived its the Natural Gas Act of 1938, have eliminated the bravery he demonstrated in the face of usefulness. It imposes unnecessary costs on the regulatory ‘‘gaps’’ that existed in 1935 with danger was real. Today, I am honored to cele- consumers and directly undermines the intent respect to wholesale transactions in interstate brate the contributions he made to help win of recently enacted federal and state policies commerce. The expanded ability of State com- the war in Europe, and privileged to present designed to bring more completion and capital missions and the FERC to regulate inter-affil- these tokens of a grateful nation to the family to America’s energy market. iate transactions have further rendered the of a true American hero. PUHCA was enacted in 1935 to address 1935 Act unnecessary. In addition, important On behalf of the United States Army, I abuses arising out of pyramid corporate struc- market power issues will continue to be re- proudly present the Schroeder family an Air tures at a time when electric utility regulation viewed by FERC, the Department of Justice Medal with three oak-leaf clusters, a Purple was just starting at both the federal and state and the Federal Trade Commission.

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4098 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 This legislation would reform the regulation sus was one of the seven wonders of the Ralph has also been associated with the of utility holding companies by repealing the world, are where Hippocrates, the father of National Ski Areas Association as a board duplicative SEC-related provisions of the Pub- Medicine, called home and began his first sci- member. He spent time as the Vice Chairman lic Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, while entific investigation of disease and the organs of the Board of Colorado Ski Country, USA assuring that the SEC retains all of its non- of the body. and as a board member. He also worked for PUHCA jurisdiction of securities and securities Certain individual Dodecanesian Islands Westinghouse Electric Corporation for sixteen markets in order to protect investors. The bill have fascinating histories that accurately illus- years. would put gas and electric power companies trate Greek history. The Dodecanesian island Ralph has also found time to be active in on an equal competitive footing, allowing them of Patmos sheltered Saint John the Evangelist Rotary International, the Optimist Club, IEEE, to take advantage of market opportunities that and it was there he wrote the Book of Revela- the Hamilton Baptist Church, and the United benefit consumers, investors and utility com- tion. The island of Kassos contributed a large Congressional Church of Crested Butte. panies. fleet to the independence struggle and as well Mr. Speaker, Colorado’s ski industry is los- Registered companies will continue to be a large part of the Greek merchant fleet which ing one of its great leaders. He has done so subject to the same government regulation in- aided the allied cause in the Second World much for the ski industry, and for Crested tended to protect consumers and investors as War. Homer writes that the Dodecanesian Is- Butte. I would like to take a moment to thank that to which other industry participants are lands aided Agamemnon in the siege of Troy, Ralph for all his work and wish him good luck subject. SEC authority under the Securities where Rhodes bought from ‘‘that most pleas- in his future endeavors. Act, Exchange Act, Investment Advisers Act, ant land’’ nine ‘‘tall ships.’’ f Mr. Speaker, the members of the Federation and Trust Indenture Act will all remain in BERENSTEIN BEAR BOOK DONA- of the Dodecanesian Society of America and place. The State securities commissions will TION FOR THE CHILDREN OF Canada do valuable work ensuring that the also have available to them the various State SAN ANTONIO Blue-Sky laws. The bill will assure FERC ac- American and Canadian Dodecanese dece- cess to those books, records, accounts, and dents develop strong and unbinding ties to HON. CIRO D. RODRIGUEZ other documents of holding companies, their their homeland of Greece. This organization OF TEXAS affiliates and subsidiaries, which are relevant does an admirable job promoting and instilling IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to costs incurred by a public utility company ‘‘enosis,’’ the Greek word for ties to one’s and which are necessary for the protection of homeland, for thousands of my constituents Tuesday, March 20, 2001 consumers with respect to rates. and I am proud to recognize them today. Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Mr. Speaker, today I In the new environment confronting the util- f would like to share with you the devotion to public service displayed by a group known as ity industry, PUHCA has become nothing more TRIBUTE TO RALPH O. WALTON, the Southwestern Bell Communications (SBC) than a bottleneck that constrains the ability of JR., A SKI INDUSTRY LEADER our nation’s natural gas and electric power in- Telephone Pioneers. The San Antonio Council dustries to serve consumers. PUHCA is an #40 of this organization worked diligently to anachronism that burdens utility systems with HON. SCOTT McINNIS have 991 popular Berenstein Bear books do- OF COLORADO costs and restrictions that impair their competi- nated to their community’s schools. With this IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tiveness and prevent them from adapting to donation they are taking concrete steps to pro- the new and more competitive environment. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 mote reading of these fun books and others PUHCA is no longer a solution because the Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to by elementary school children. problems of the 1930’s have been replaced by take a moment to pay tribute to a ski industry The SBC Telephone Pioneers have the goal effective state and federal legislation and by leader. Ralph O. Walton Jr. announced on of impacting over 86,000 families by donating the realities of today’s marketplace. Simply March 14th that he is retiring as Chairman of a set of eleven books to ninety-one elemen- put, America no longer can afford the Public the Board of Crested Butte Mountain Resort, tary schools in three different San Antonio Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. It is time Inc. where he has been the driving force be- school districts. The hope is that the teachers for Congress to act on the recommendations hind shaping Crested Butte as one of Colo- will read these stories about the popular of the SEC and to enact this legislation. rado’s premier destination mountain resorts. Berenstein Bear family to help children better understand life’s little and big issues while f His leadership in this important industry de- serves the recognition and praise of this body. gaining an appreciation of reading books. IN HONOR OF THE MEMBERS OF In 1970, Ralph and his brother-in-law, How- Brother and sister bear share their stories of THE FEDERATION OF THE DODE- ard H. (Bo) Callaway bought the Crested Butte starting school, making friends, and dealing CANESIAN SOCIETY OF AMERICA Ski area. In the 30 years since, he has been with their feelings while Mama and Papa give AND CANADA the senior officer. ‘‘I have had a great 30 advice. They learn about honesty, sharing, years at Crested Butte, but now is the right and responsibility. These wonderful stories will HON. CAROLYN B. MALONEY time for Martha and me to spend a little more not only help the children relate to different sit- uations, but hopefully will also inspire the chil- OF NEW YORK time together and let the younger generation dren to continue learning through reading. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES take the ski area forward,’’ Ralph said. Under his leadership, the resort invested This tremendous donation by the SBC Tele- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 over $100 million in improvements, including phone Pioneers is commendable. The over Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, 13 lifts, two warming houses, and 700,000 40,000 students that will have access to these I rise today to pay tribute to the members of square feet of construction at the base area. books are fortunate. The SBC Telephone Pio- the Federation of the Dodecanesian Society of He pioneered the first non stop, scheduled jet neers have set an example of how to improve America and Canada. The Dodecanesian Is- service to regional mountain airports, and de- our communities one child at a time. The do- lands include the twelve Aegean islands of an- veloped both the Crested Butte Marriott Hotel nation of these books is a special tribute to cient Greece ringing Asia Minor. The goal of and the Crested Butte Sheraton Hotel. the children of San Antonio and volunteers the Federation is to salute the islands’ struggle ‘‘Ralph Walton has been the guiding force who cared enough to make a difference. to remain Greek through years of occupation behind the ski area at Crested Butte for the f and their ultimate triumph 50 years ago when past 30 years and the ski area owes him a HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS the twelve islands united with modern Greece. great debt of gratitude for helping it get to its RESEARCH ACT The Federation will celebrate their 50-year position today. Everyone in Crested Butte will independence on Saturday, March 11, 2001. sorely miss his active leadership but we un- HON. MARK UDALL The Dodecanesian Islands most certainly derstand his desire to retire at this time,’’ said OF COLORADO have a remarkable history that dates back to Bo Callaway, the Resort’s co-owner. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ancient times. The epic and legendary story of The 70 year old Georgia native graduated the Dodecanesian Islands is truly one of capti- from Auburn University in 1951 with a BS in Tuesday, March 20, 2001 vating heroics. The chain of islands, which in- Electrical Engineering and spent two years in Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, today clude the island of Rhodes whose great colos- the United States Army as a First Lieutenant. I am introducing the High Performance

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4099 Schools Research Act, a bill that would estab- ment to academic achievement, thus bol- flected in the various manifestations of vio- lish a research program at the National stering the case for high performance schools, lence women endure: domestic violence; fe- Science Foundation to quantify the relation- which are themselves important components male genital mutilation; sex trafficking; rape ship between the physical characteristics of el- in any smart growth plan. during times of armed conflict; sexual assault; ementary and secondary schools and student I look forward to working with my colleagues ‘‘honor’’ killings; sex-selection or gender pref- academic achievement in those schools. Mr. ETHERIDGE and Mr. HONDA and other erence abortions; and other manifestations, in- I am pleased that my colleagues Mr. Members of the House to move forward with cluding neglect in areas of education and nu- ETHERIDGE and Mr. HONDA are joining me as this initiative. trition women and girls endure, both here and original cosponsors of this bill. THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS RESEARCH abroad. This legislation is part of a package of bills ACT The statistics are appalling. Globally, 1 out I plan to introduce or cosponsor that together The High Performance Schools Research of every 3 women has been beaten or sexu- will promote ‘‘federal smart growth.’’ As we Act would establish a research program at ally abused in her lifetime. In the United have seen in my state of Colorado, sprawl the National Science Foundation to quantify States, 1 out of every 6 women has been around our fast-growing towns and cities de- the relationship between the physical char- beaten or sexually abused. There are some- stroys valuable open space, farmland, wildlife, acteristics of elementary and secondary where between 1 to 2 million women and girls and natural, cultural and recreational re- schools and student academic achievement who are illegally trafficked around the world, sources. I believe that the federal government in those schools. with at least 50,000 coming into the United This bill is intended as a companion to the States. Some 130 million girls and young can do a better job to support state and com- High Performance Schools Act of 2001, which munity efforts to control growth and prevent takes the concept of ‘‘whole buildings’’ and women have undergone female genital mutila- sprawl. puts it into the context of our schools, estab- tion and it is estimated that in the United I am introducing the High Performance lishing a program in the Department of En- States there are at least 10,000 girls at risk of Schools Research Act in conjunction with a bill ergy to help school districts produce ‘‘high this practice. I am reintroducing today, the High Perform- performance’’ school buildings. Women’s lives are endangered by violence ance Schools Act of 2001 (H.R. 3143 in the CONTEXT which is directed at them simply because they 106th Congress). The High Performance In addition to the economic and environ- are women. We must stop what I believe has Schools Act takes the concept of ‘‘whole build- mental benefits of smart building choices, become too accepted and tolerated in our so- ings’’ and puts it into the context of our evidence is growing that high performance ciety. Violence against women is not accept- schools, establishing a program in the Depart- buildings are beneficial for student perform- able and we must get that message out to ment of Energy to help school districts ance. A growing number of studies link stu- both the perpetrators of the violence and the dent achievement and behavior to the phys- produce ‘‘high performance’’ school buildings. women who endure it. ical building conditions. Although these We recently witnessed a landmark moment With energy costs and school enrollment on studies have begun to reveal important in- the rise and school buildings across the coun- formation correlating a school building’s en- in international justice, when three Bosnian try in need of construction or major repairs, vironment with student performance, no Serbs were convicted for the rape, torture, and school districts need to have the appropriate large-scale, comprehensive study has been sexual enslavement of Muslim women during tools and assistance to make good building conducted to date. the Bosnian war. For the first time in the inter- decisions. The High Performance Schools Act HOW IT WOULD WORK national justice system, sex crimes against is intended to help school districts make these The High Performance Schools Research women are being specifically identified and good decisions, as well as to conserve energy Act is intended to help give school districts punished. In the past, UN war crimes tribunals and protect the environment. the information they need to make better ignored mass rape and sexual enslavement In addition to the economic and environ- decisions. The bill would establish a Na- and considered these crimes to be a natural mental benefits of smart building choices, evi- tional Science Foundation research program occurrence in war. Crimes against women to thoroughly investigate the linkages be- such as forced prostitution and rapes that took dence is growing that high performance build- tween specific characteristics of the physical ings are beneficial for student performance. A environment of a school and student learn- place during WWI were never even pros- growing number of studies link student ing. ecuted in the international tribunals that fol- achievement and behavior to the physical lowed the war. Today, perhaps most signifi- building conditions. A study from Mississippi f cantly, the judges ruled that mass rape is a State University, for example, showed that in VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN crime against humanity, the most serious cat- schools in North Carolina, Texas and Nevada, egory of international crimes after genocide. variables such as natural light and climate However, while there is still even one HON. JANICE D. SCHAKOWSKY woman out there who endures violence, our control played a role in improved test scores, OF ILLINOIS higher morale and fewer discipline problems. work will not be complete. We need more IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And in one of the most rigorous studies of its money for services such as transitional hous- kind, a 1999 report commissioned by Pacific Tuesday, March 20, 2001 ing and job placement and training to support Gas & Electric found that students who took Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, I would women while they seek to escape abusive sit- their lessons in classrooms with more natural like to thank my colleagues in the Women’s uations. We also need to provide trainings to light scored as much as 25 percent higher on Caucus who have been organizing weekly educate boys and girls against violence so the standardized tests than other students in the special orders around topics of great concern problem stops. same school district. to women during the time when we celebrate We must change our attitudes to come up But while these studies have begun to re- Women’s History Month. with remedies to cure this epidemic, not just veal important information correlating a school Today’s topic is violence against women. Vi- treat its symptoms. We as women must be building’s environment with student perform- olence against women is a profound and ex- empowered to challenge the culture of vio- ance, no large-scale, comprehensive study tremely pervasive problem, striking across bor- lence. Our work can not be complete until the has been conducted to date. Understandably, ders, across economic, cultural and ethnic women of the world live free from an ever school districts are reluctant to base infrastruc- backgrounds, and across all the age groups. It present fear of violence. ture investment decisions on the results of a is an epidemic that affects not only women, f few narrowly conceived studies. So to give but their children and families as well. TRIBUTE TO THE FOUNDERS OF them the information they need to make better We, in Congress, should be proud that we SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS decisions, I am introducing the High Perform- were able to reauthorize the Violence Against ance Schools Research Act, which will estab- Women Act last session. Now, we must live HON. CHARLES A. GONZALEZ lish a National Science Foundation research up to our promise and appropriate full funding OF TEXAS program to thoroughly investigate the linkages to the programs included in this bill. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES between specific characteristics of the physical Furthermore, pervasive discrimination con- environment of a school and student learning. tinues to deny women full political and eco- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 My hope is that further research will confirm nomic equality, and is often at the root of vio- Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today initial findings correlating a school’s environ- lations of their basic human rights. This is re- to honor the founders of San Antonio, Texas,

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4100 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 the city I represent here in the United States role in the beginning of the development of the The twenty-one states with Right to Work Congress. Friday, March 9, 2001 marked the magnificent City of San Antonio, in the region laws, including my own state of Virginia, have 270th anniversary of the founding of La Villa first known as Tejas, which developed into the a nearly three-to-one advantage over non- de San Fernando, the settlement which would great State of Texas. Right to Work states in terms of job creation. later become known as the City of San Anto- f Workers who have the freedom to choose nio. whether or not to join a union have a higher On March 9, 1731, the Spanish Government TUNISIA 45TH ANNIVERSARY OF standard of living than their counterparts in founded the first permanent civic settlement in INDEPENDENCE non-Right to Work states. The National Right what is now the State of Texas. On this day, to Work Act would make the economic bene- under the stewardship of Spanish King, Philip HON. MARK KIRK fits of voluntary unionism a reality for all Amer- V, sixteen Canary Island families arrived in the OF ILLINOIS icans. territory then known as Tejas to establish La IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While this bill is about economics, it is more Villa de San Fernando. It would become the about freedom. Tuesday, March 20, 2001 first civic government in Texas. Compelling a man or woman to pay fees to In honor of the sacrifices and contributions Mr. KIRK. Mr. Speaker, today, I would like a union in order to work violates the very prin- of the founding families of the City of San An- to recognize a great ally of the United States, ciple of individual liberty upon which this na- tonio, and on behalf of the Canary Islands De- Tunisia, as she celebrates 45 years of inde- tion was founded. Oftentimes, forced union scendants Association of San Antonio, Texas, pendence. In 1797, the United States signed dues are used to support causes that worker I hereby recognize the role of the Canary Is- a Treaty of Peace and Friendship with the does not wish to support with his or her hard- landers in the founding of the Villa De San North African country of Tunisia. Over 150 earned wages. Fernando in 1731—later named San Antonio, years later, Tunisia peacefully gained inde- Thomas Jefferson said it best, ‘‘...to Texas. pendence from France. Today, we congratu- compel a man to furnish contributions of The founding of the city of San Antonio was late Tunisia for 45 years as an independent money for the propagation of opinions which achieved formally under the law of the Council nation. he disbelieves is sinful and tyrannical.’’ of the Indies which was the Spanish law gov- The Republic of Tunisia has remained a By passing the National Right to Work Act, erning Nueva Espana in 1731; steadfast friend to the United States, joining this Congress will take a major step toward re- With the arrival of the Canary Islanders, Allied forces during World War II and con- storing the freedom of America’s workers to having the required number of ten families, the tinuing support throughout the Cold War. choose the form of workplace representation number required by the Laws of the Indies, to Today, Tunisia enjoys a burgeoning economy, that best suits their needs. establish a town, the settlers were thus enti- as the nation’s per capita income continues to In a free-society, the decision of whether or tled to organize their own civil government, to grow substantially. One of Tunisia’s most valu- not to join or support a union should be made receive lands for the construction of their able assets has been its continued willingness by a worker, not a union official, not an em- homes and the sowing and raising of crops, to to further the Middle East peace process. De- ployer, and certainly not the U.S. Congress. have a church and town hall, and to build a spite being surrounded by nations engulfed in The National Right to Work Act reduces fed- town with a public square and regularly political turmoil, Tunisia continues to take an eral power over America’s labor markets, pro- planned streets; active role in fighting terrorism and inter- motes economic growth and a higher standard After reaching their destination, following un- national unrest. of living, and enhances freedom. told hardships, the exhausted travelers were I congratulate Tunisia on 45 years of inde- I urge my colleagues to quickly pass the received by Captain Juan Antonio de Almazan pendence and look forward to the United National Right to Work Act and free millions of of the Presidio of Bejar; on the following day States’ continuing strong relations with Tunisia Americans from the tyranny of forced-union they were lodged in the best houses of the for years to come. Please join me in cele- dues. soldiers; brating the 45th Anniversary of Tunisia’s inde- f Following the detailed instructions of Viceroy pendence. TRIBUTE TO ALEX BRISEN˜ O FOR Juan de Acuna, Marquez de Casafuerte the f survey and distribution of the lands for the es- TWENTY–FOUR YEARS OF SERV- tablishment of a new settlement was made; NATIONAL RIGHT TO WORK ACT ICE TO THE CITY OF SAN ANTO- On March 12, 1731 Captain Almazan took OF 2001 NIO the heads of families to the Arroyo (now called San Pedro Creek) and divided the lands HON. BOB GOODLATTE HON. CIRO D. RODRIGUEZ among them for a later time when they might OF VIRGINIA OF TEXAS divide the lands with more care. He urged IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES them to plant crops before June 30; Tuesday, March 20, 2001 By July 2, 1731 the settlers gave their ef- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 forts to the establishment of the proposed Mr. GOODLATTE Mr. Speaker, I am Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Mr. Speaker, today it is town, the church, and the public square; pleased today to introduce the National Right my privilege to recognize Alex Brisen˜o for his On the following day July 3, 1731 lots were to Work Act of 2001. 24 years of service to the City of San Antonio. distributed to the families to build their homes This Act will reduce federal power over the As Mr. Brisen˜o retires from his current position adjoining the church and Casa Real. Then a American workplace by removing those provi- as the City Manager to one of the largest cit- large cross was formed at the main entrance sions of federal law authorizing the collection ies in Texas we know that his hard work and of the Church as the center. By completing of forced-union dues as part of a collective dedication will be greatly missed by the people each of the four squares of the four sides of bargaining contract. of our community. the cross a perfect larger square two thousand Since the Wagner Act of 1935 made forced- Nobody understands San Antonio’s govern- one hundred eighty-six varas on each side union dues a keystone of federal labor law, ment better than Alex Brisen˜o. He began his was delineated. The corners were identified by millions of American workers have been career with the City of San Antonio in 1977 as four long rocks as markers. A deep furrow forced to pay for union ‘‘representation’’ that assistant to the city manager. Within three was plowed from corner to corner to indicate they neither choose nor desire. years he advanced to become an assistant the boundary in accordance with the instruc- The primary beneficiaries of Right to Work city manager. During his next ten years of tions of the Viceroy; are America’s workers—even those who vol- service he learned the intricacies of different On July 20, 1731 the first civil government untarily choose to pay union dues, because departments within the city, knowledge that was established when Captain Almazan ap- when union officials are deprived of the would empower him to manage the city staff pointed the members of the city council and forced-dues power granted them under current with the wise hand of experience. He super- other officers. federal law, they will be more responsive to vised numerous different departments ranging The Canary Islanders who were sent by the workers’needs and concerns. from the Budget Department to the Information King Philip V to establish the Villa de San Fer- Mr. Speaker, this act is pro-worker, pro-eco- Services and Health Department. He was well nando did accomplish and played an important nomic growth, and pro-freedom. prepared for the challenges he would face as

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4101 city manager, the city’s top non-elected execu- and natural, cultural and recreational re- schools, while others are scrambling to ad- tive position. sources. dress severe overcrowding issues. And we In 1990, Mr. Brisen˜o became city manager I believe that the Federal Government can aren’t alone: School enrollment in Colorado in- for a city that currently has more than 1.1 mil- do a better job to support State and commu- creased by 70,000 students in the last five lion people and covers an area of 417 square nity efforts to control growth and prevent years. While new schools open at or above miles. He oversaw a budget of more than $1 sprawl. And this bill is one step toward that capacity, enrollment is projected to grow in billion and managed 11,000 employees. goal. Colorado by 120,000 in the next decade. Through his leadership in the past ten years Many of you know about my interest in Clearly, there’s an urgent need for school San Antonio has continued to grow and de- clean energy. As lead co-chair of the Renew- construction—in Colorado and in every State velop. able Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus in across the country. Thousands of communities Mr. Brisen˜o not only shared his leadership the House, I am committed to promoting these nationwide are even now in the process of skills with the city while acting as city man- technologies that further our national goals of building new schools and renovating existing ager; he also served the community through broad-based economic growth, environmental ones. But in drawing up construction plans, his service in various organizations. He has protection, national security, and economic schools often focus on short-term construction been on the board of directors of the Boy competitiveness. costs instead of longterm, life-cycle savings. Scouts of America, helping to develop the In recent years, we’ve seen a wide array of My bill would help ensure that school districts youth of our nation. He has served on the successes in developing these technologies. have the tools and assistance they need to United Way of San Antonio and Bexar County In particular, much research has focused on make good building decisions. Board of Trustees to better the lives of those improving energy efficiency and increasing the High performance schools are a win for en- in need, served on the board of directors of use of renewable energy in buildings in a ergy savings and a win for the environment, his alma mater, Trinity University, to improve ‘‘whole building’’ approach to design and con- but best of all, they are also a win for student education in the city, and worked with the struction. By incorporating advanced energy performance. A growing number of studies link Alamo Area Council and Free Trade Alliance efficiency technologies, daylighting, and re- student achievement and behavior to the San Antonio to create new opportunities for newable energy, ‘‘whole buildings’’ provide physical building conditions. A study from Mis- growth and advancement. benefits in the way of energy savings, environ- sissippi State University, for example, showed One aspect of this Mr. Brisen˜o’s life that mental protection, and economic efficiency. As that in schools in North Carolina, Texas and helped to prepare him for leadership in the city buildings account for roughly a third of our an- Nevada, variables such as natural light and of San Antonio was his education. At Trinity nual energy consumption and a commensu- climate control played a role in improved test University he earned his undergraduate de- rate share of greenhouse gas emissions, this scores, higher morale and fewer discipline gree in economics where he graduated magna research focus seems well justified. They are problems. And in one of the most rigorous cum laude. He then continued his education to also important components in any smart studies of its kind, a 1999 report commis- earn his Master’s in Urban Studies. His serv- growth plan. sioned by Pacific Gas & Electric found that ice as a captain in the United States Army The bill I am introducing today—the ‘‘High students who took their lessons in classrooms was another invaluable source of education Performance Schools Act of 2001’’—takes the with more natural light scored as much as 25 that prepared him for his future years in city concept of ‘‘whole buildings’’ and puts it into percent higher on standardized tests than government. the context of our schools. My bill would es- other students in the same school district. We should all commend the dedication of tablish a program in the Department of Energy We wouldn’t dream of putting only manual this man to his job and his community. He to help school districts produce ‘‘high perform- typewriters in new school buildings—we would was born and raised in San Antonio, received ance’’ school buildings. It would provide block install today’s computer technology. Nor his education in life there, and stayed to help grants to State offices of energy that would should we build yesterday’s ‘‘energy ineffi- build its future. San Antonio is a better place then be allocated as grants to school districts cient,’’ non-sustainable, and less effective because of Mr. Brisen˜o’s service. We wish for building design and technical assistance. schools. Our kids are our country’s future, and him well in all future endeavors. These grants would be available to school dis- they should have the best school facilities, es- f tricts that are faced with rising elementary and pecially if they will cost less and benefit us all secondary school enrollments, that can’t afford in other ways. HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS to make major investments in construction or In short, we have an enormous opportunity ACT OF 200l renovation, and that commit to work with the to build a new generation of sustainable state agencies to produce school facilities that schools, schools that incorporate the best of HON. MARK UDALL incorporate a ‘‘high performance’’ building ap- today’s designs and technologies and as a re- OF COLORADO proach. sult provide better learning environments for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Now is the time for improving the way we our children, cost less to operate, and help build our schools. One reason why—the cur- protect our local and global environment. The Tuesday, March 20, 2001 rent energy crisis is taking its toll on school High Performance Schools Act would start us Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, today districts across the country. Many of them are on the road to achieving these goals. I look I am introducing the High Performance being forced to pay higher heating bills with forward to working with Reps. BOEHLERT, MIL- Schools Act of 2001, a bill intended to help funds that had been budgeted for textbooks or LER, BONIOR, ETHERIDGE, and HONDA and school districts build schools that provide bet- new teacher salaries. We must do all we can other Members of the House to move forward ter learning environments for children, while to ensure that scarce education resources are with this important initiative. also saving on energy costs and protecting the used primarily for education purposes, not to THE HIGH PERFORMANCE SCHOOLS ACT OF 2001 environment. keep our children warm. The High Performance Schools Act would I am pleased that my colleagues Represent- Another reason why the timing for this initia- enable our school districts to build today’s atives SHERWOOD BOEHLERT, GEORGE MILLER, tive is critical—this country is currently experi- schools with today’s designs and tech- DAVID BONIOR, BOB ETHERIDGE, and MIKE encing a dramatic increase in student enroll- nologies, producing school buildings that HONDA are joining me as original cosponsors ment due to the ‘‘baby boom echo,’’ the chil- take advantage of advanced energy conserva- of this bill. dren of the baby boom generation. During the tion technologies, daylighting, and renew- This legislation is part of a package of bills 20 years from 1989 to 2009, this Nation is able energy. Not only has this ‘‘whole build- I plan to introduce or cosponsor that promotes being asked to educate an additional 8.3 mil- ing’’ approach been demonstrated to improve student performance, but such buildings also sustainable development and preserves qual- lion children. At the same time, over 70 per- cost less to operate and help protect our ity of life in communities that are undergoing cent of our Nation’s schools were built before local and global environment. intense growth. As we have seen in my State 1960 and are now in need of major repairs. CONTEXT of Colorado and in many parts of the West, Visiting schools in the 2nd Congressional Fully 25 percent of the energy used in to- unprecedented population growth has led to district in Colorado, I have seen firsthand the day’s schools is wasted, costing schools some urban sprawl and congestion, which has erod- spaces in which our children are learning and $1.5 billion every year. Ending this waste ed much of the quality of life we value, includ- growing. Many districts can’t afford sorely could pay for the entire careers of 70 addi- ing valuable open space, farmland, wildlife, needed remodeling or construction of new tional teachers in each of our congressional

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 0634 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4102 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 districts. These savings could be especially accept the challenge. Unfortunately, Northwest A recent GAO study reported that, since the significant at a time when there is a clear Indiana will be losing this hidden treasure, as enactment of Title IX, the number of women need for more teachers. Jerry has accepted a position in the Indiana’s enrolled in college has more than doubled There is also a clear need for school con- from about 3.7 million to 8.2 million. The num- struction. Students of the ‘‘echo boom’’ gen- capitol, Indianapolis. eration—the children of the baby boomers— Jerry is truly a remarkable man. His hard ber of women participating in intercollegiate are reaching school age even while class sizes work has earned him a number of accomplish- sports also has grown from about 30,000 to are being reduced. At the same time, studies ments and awards. Such achievements in- 157,000—this is an increase from 1.7 percent show that over 70 percent of our nation’s clude: Member of the American Academy of to 5.5 percent of all full-time, undergraduate schools were built before 1960 and are now in Chefs, President of the American Culinary women. The unparalleled opportunities that need of major repairs. School construction Federation Chefs of Northwest Indiana, Cer- women and girls currently have in the class- and modernization earned an ‘‘F’’ from the tified Executive Chef, 1999 Lake County Con- room and on the playing field are due in large American Society of Civil Engineers in its vention and Visitors Bureau Hospitality and part to Title IX. 1998 Report Card for America’s Infrastruc- Title IX has enabled young women to par- ture. Many districts can’t afford sorely need- Professional of the Year. In addition to his de- votion to his job, Jerry finds time to serve his ticipate in school sports—to learn the value of ed remodeling or construction of new teamwork and competition, and to gain the schools, while others are scrambling to ad- community. He is a past member of the Ham- dress severe overcrowding issues. mond Area Career Center Advisory Board and self-confidence and skills that are so valuable the Ivy Tech Gary Campus Advisory Board, as in business and in other future careers. HOW IT WOULD WORK I cannot say enough about how instrumental well as the Chairman for the 2001 Taste of The High Performance Schools Act of 2001 Patsy was in bringing out these opportunities Northwest Indiana. would help give school districts the tools and for young women. As with any issue on which assistance they need to make good building Mr. Speaker, I applaud Jerry Mahshie for Patsy Mink takes a stand, she has consist- choices. The bill would establish a program his remarkable accomplishments, enduring in the Department of Energy to help school ently shown her passion for enforcing gender service, and the unforgettable effect he has equity, particularly as it relates to education. districts produce ‘‘high performance’’ school had on the people of Northwest Indiana. We buildings. Funds would be directed to school And as the legislative record shows, she has districts through state offices of energy for will surely miss him. May the future continue been steadfast in her commitment to pre- building design and technical assistance. to hold great things for this outstanding profes- serving the advances and effectiveness of These grants would be available to school sional. Title IX. districts that are faced with rising elemen- f Congresswoman Mink is to be commended tary and secondary school enrollments, that TRIBUTE TO THE HONORABLE for her leadership on Title IX. She will long be lack the resources to make major remembered for her tireless efforts toward PATSY MINK OF HAWAII infrastructural investments, and that com- achieving true equality for women. And her ef- mit to work with the state agencies to produce school facilities that incorporate a forts truly represent the spirit and ideals of ‘‘high performance’’ building approach. HON. JUDY BIGGERT Women’s History Month. Some grants would also be available to fa- OF ILLINOIS f cilitate private and public financing, pro- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SBA LEGISLATION mote the use of energy service companies, Tuesday, March 20, 2001 work with school administrations, students, and communities, and coordinate public ben- Mrs. BIGGERT. Mr. Speaker, March is HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON efit programs. Women’s History Month, a time to reflect upon OF TEXAS f and honor the contributions of women that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have made this country a better place. Today, Tuesday, March 20, 2001 TRIBUTE TO JERALD T. MAHSHIE we are going to recognize one of our own. Few dispute the positive impact of Title IX, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. the landmark civil rights legislation that pro- Mr. Speaker, today I rise to introduce a bill HON. PETER J. VISCLOSKY which will improve the efficiency and effective- hibits sex discrimination in federally-funded OF INDIANA ness of the Small Business Administration education programs. But I wonder how many IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (SBA). As you know, the Small Business Ad- of my colleagues realize that we have the ministration (SBA) is responsible for aiding, Tuesday, March 20, 2001 privilege to serve with one of the driving forces counseling, assisting, and protecting the inter- Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, it is truly my behind that law—the Gentlelady from Hawaii, ests of the nation’s small businesses. Accord- distinct honor to pay tribute to one of North- Patsy Mink. ing to the U.S. General Accounting Office, as west Indiana’s hidden treasures, Jerald T. As a member of the House Education and of September 30, 2000, SBA’s total loan port- Mahshie, of Schererville, Indiana. Jerry is one Labor Committee, Patsy was one of the archi- folio was about $52 billion, including $45 bil- of the most dedicated, distinguished and cre- tects of Title IX. And since its enactment 30 lion in direct and guaranteed small business ative citizens of Indiana’s First Congressional years ago, she has been a leading voice in loans and other guarantees and $7 billion in District. the call for full enforcement of the law. disaster loans. The SBA plays a critical role in 1 For the past 3 ⁄2 years, Jerry has been the The importance of her work cannot be un- the development of small businesses all Director of Food and Beverage at the derstated. This is demonstrated by my own around the nation. Radisson Hotel at Star Plaza in Merrillville, In- family’s experience. However, in a recent report, GAO found that diana. While Jerry has been a resident of the Only the youngest of my three daughters, SBA’s lack of a coordinated lender oversight First Congressional District for only a short Adrienne, had the opportunity to play soccer program increases the potential for program time, Northwest Indiana has certainly been re- from kindergarten on through college. abuse and unnecessary financial risk. There- warded by the true service and uncompro- As the assistant soccer coach for her team fore, GAO recommended that SBA ensure that mising dedication he has displayed to both its in the mid and late 1980s, I can well remem- the required 7(a) lender oversight reviews are citizens and communities, as well as his em- ber the excitement of the girls—and their par- conducted. Additionally, GAO recommended ployer. ents—when girls’ soccer first became a recog- that SBA establish organizational responsibil- During his tenure at the Radisson Hotel, nized team sport in our high school. That ities and a mechanism for ensuring that infor- Jerry’s consummate professionalism and at- meant that Adrienne, just like my son Rody mation on the lender review process is col- tention to detail enabled the facility to become before her, would have the opportunity to play lected, reported and analyzed. one of the premier meeting and dining loca- a sport she loved throughout her years in I am introducing this legislation to ensure tions in the First Congressional District. school. that GAO’s recommendations are carried out. When I think of Jerry, the first image that But the impact of Title IX is widespread. My bill, if enacted, would not only address comes to my mind is not his successful pro- Thanks to its passage in 1972, my daughter GAO’s concerns by establishing an office fessional career, but his extraordinary leader- Adrienne and so many other young women which has responsibility for lender oversight ship and care for others. Whenever a project and girls throughout America have come to reviews but would also bring forth a mecha- has needed a leader or an issue has needed benefit from the opportunities enjoyed for so nism for ensuring that information on the lend- to be addressed, Jerry has stepped forward to long by young men and boys in America. er review process and lender compliance is

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 March 20, 2001 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4103 collected, analyzed and reported to relevant POLITICIZING THE FEDERAL Besides Michigan, the 6th Circuit includes Congressional Committees. JUDICIARY Ohio, Tennessee and Kentucky. ‘‘Both of these nominees were not only Mr. Speaker, this bill is not a partisan issue, very qualified and widely respected, but but it is a good government issue because it HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. would have been excellent members of the not only assures that the people’s money is OF MICHIGAN federal bench,’’ said Rep. Debbie Stabenow, spent wisely but empowers the SBA to ensure IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES D–Lansing. ‘‘While the President has contin- ued to talk about the need to reach out to that the laws are followed. I urge my col- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 leagues to support this legislation and I look Democrats and foster greater bipartisanship in Washington, it’s time he needs to follow- forward to being able to vote on this bill on the Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, ‘‘Bipartisan- ship.’’ ‘‘The rule of law.’’ A judiciary that ‘‘looks up his words with bipartisan deeds.’’ house floor. Stabenow and Sen. Carl Levin, D–Detroit, and feels like the diverse country’’ we are. All had been pushing for a hearing for the two f ideas that then-Governor Bush’s campaign Michigan nominees. promised to deliver on during the fall cam- ‘‘Some of these individuals will be consid- RURAL EDUCATION paign. ered for positions in the Bush administra- Many believe that these slogans were just tion,’’ White House spokesman Scott McClel- that: Bromides intended as camouflage, as lan said. ‘‘No one should be considered ruled HON. CHRISTOPHER JOHN feel-good dressing for a right wing agenda far in or out at this point.’’ outside the political mainstream. The decision to withdraw the Clinton judi- OF LOUISIANA cial nominees comes as Bush starts to look President Bush’s actions with the federal ju- at filling the remaining vacancies with his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES diciary in just the past week—when the White own nominees. House may believe that everyone is distracted White House counsel Albert Gonzales and Tuesday, March 20, 2001 with the tax cutting plan for the rich—may in Atty. Gen. John Ashcroft met with top offi- fact prove just how far out of touch with the cials from the American Bar Association on Mr. JOHN. Mr. Speaker, it is my pleasure to mainstream, and its own campaign rhetoric, Monday to discuss the nomination process. A reintroduce the Rural Education Development this administration really is. committee of senior administration officials Initiative (REDI) Act which calls for an in- First, the White House has floated a balloon led by Gonzales has interviewed more than 50 candidates in a drive to fill nearly 100 vacan- creased focus on rural education and provides that it’s considering abandoning the long- assistance to the many small, poor, rural cies with judges who share Bush’s conserv- standing practice of soliciting comments from ative philosophy. schools in our country. As the House begins the ABA for judicial nominees. This could be the reauthorization of the Elementary and Sec- the clearest signal that ideology and a crass f ondary Education Act, REDI will ensure that desire to politicize the judiciary—rather than LASTING PEACE IN NORTHERN the educational opportunities for rural areas judicial competence—will be touchstone for are not forgotten. IRELAND IN U.S. NATIONAL IN- Bush nominations to the federal judiciary. TEREST The National Center for Education Statistics And then today, the Bush administration has (NCES) reports that 46 percent of our Nation’s announced that it would rescind nominations public schools serve rural areas, yet they only for the federal bench made by the Clinton Ad- HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN receive 22 percent of the Nation’s education ministration. Among the casualties, African OF NEW YORK funds annually. In addition data from the Na- American judges who bore the stamp of en- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional Assessment of Educational Progress thusiastic approval from the ABA and from Re- Tuesday, March 20, 2001 (NAEP) consistently shows large gaps be- publicans. Judges such as Roger Gregory, Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, last week was who had support of two Republican senators tween the achievement of students in high- Saint Patrick’s Day and Irish events all around in Virginia, and who would represent the first poverty schools and those in other schools. our country and the globe, commemorated the African American appointment on the 4th Cir- Another critical problem for rural school dis- patron Saint of Ireland. The Irish in America cuit Court of Appeals. Judge Gregory was ap- tricts involves the hiring and retention of quali- proudly celebrated their heritage and prayed pointed to the court in a recess appointment fied administrators and certified teachers, es- for lasting peace and justice in the long di- after the Republican Senate would not sched- pecially in special education, science, and vided and troubled north of Ireland. Along with ule a confirmation vote. mathematics. Consequently, teachers in rural Ireland’s many friends around the globe, we Both actions speak loudly to African Ameri- schools are almost twice as likely to provide joined in that prayer for lasting peace. cans. They portend a plan by this Bush White instruction in two or more subjects than teach- Former President Bill Clinton played an im- House to politicize the judiciary. They both ers in urban schools. portant role, along with former Senator George turn the clock backwards. Mitchell, in bringing about the historic Good More importantly, many small school dis- Today’s Detroit News has the following arti- Friday Accord of April 1998 that has the best tricts often can’t qualify for federal programs cle which is on point. based on their small enrollments, and some chance for making that peace a reality, if the [From the Detroit News, Mar. 20, 2001] money-distribution formulas do not fit many accord is carried out and honored by all sides. states’ county-wide system of school dis- BUSH WITHDRAWS MICH. JUDICIAL NOMINEES Now, I am pleased to note that our new tricting. (By Jesse J. Holland) President, George W. Bush, has willingly and WASHINGTON.—President Bush on Monday aggressively picked up the mantle of our con- All these problems add up to one thing: our dumped former President Clinton’s last judi- tinued U.S. support for finding and sustaining rural schools need more funding opportunities. cial nominees, including two Michigan a lasting peace and justice in the north. Unlike REDI provides this opportunity and gives our women nominated for the 6th U.S. Circuit any President of the United States in my rural students a chance to succeed. This legis- Court of Appeals who never got a hearing. memory, President Bush last week at the Michigan Court of Appeals Judge Helene lation creates a grant program to assist rural White House ceremony for Saint Patrick’s Day areas with technology efforts, professional de- White waited for a Senate Judiciary Com- mittee hearing for four years—longer than stated, ‘‘It is in our national interest that there velopment activities designed to prepare be lasting peace, a real lasting peace, in teachers who are teaching out of their primary any other judicial nominee in history. And Detroit attorney Kathleen McCree Northern Ireland. subject area, academic enrichment programs, Lewis, a partner in the Dykema Gossett law I join with all of the Irish American commu- and activities to recruit and retain highly quali- firm who often argues cases before the 6th nity in thanking President Bush for that strong fied teachers in special education, mathe- Circuit, was nominated in September 1999 and unambiguous statement of our continued matics, or science. but never had a hearing. U.S. interest and support in the long and dif- ‘‘I’m very disappointed,’’ she said. ‘‘I knew REDI is bi-partisan and is supported by the it could happen, but because there had been ficult struggle for lasting peace in Northern Ire- National Education Association (NEA). I look statements about bipartisanship, it was my land. forward to working with my Colleagues to hope that it wouldn’t.’’ Mr. Speaker, I request that the full text of enact REDI and realize our goal of parity for Bush officially withdrew 62 executive and President Bush’s remarks at the White House rural students. judicial nominations. ceremony for Irish American Leaders held on

VerDate jul 14 2003 19:59 Feb 11, 2005 Jkt 089102 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0689 Sfmt 9920 E:\BR01\E20MR1.000 E20MR1 4104 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 20, 2001 March 16, 2001 be included at this point in the logue. He gave me Dublin’s perspective on made to the cause of peace. Many of you are RECORD, and I invite my colleagues to review the peace process in Northern Ireland, just right here in this room, and our nation the President’s significant supporting state- as Prime Minister Blair gave me London’s thanks you. By supporting those committed ment for peace in Ireland and I look forward perspective when we met last month. An to a peaceful approach, you’re truly giving Irish proverb tell us that a friends’s eye is a something back to your native land. to joining in a bi-partisan effort to support the good mirror. and I can tell you that what is President’s initiative here in the Congress. Today is also about celebrating what Irish- striking about my meetings with both Prime Americans have given to their adopted land. REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT DURING Ministers is how similar their persepectives The White House itself was designed by an RECEPTION FOR IRISH-AMERICAN LEADERS are, how optimistic they are and how deter- Irish-American. This fact about America’s The President: Thank you very much. It mined they are. home is symbolic of the contributions made sounds like we invited some rowdy Irish- It is clear that all sides want the Good Fri- by millions of Irish of both Catholic and Americans. (Laughter.) Thank you all for day Agreement to succeed. It is also clear Protestant persuasion. that all sides are seeking to overcome very coming. Taoiseach, thank you very much, Your industry and talent and imagination difficult internal obstacles and to keep up sir. Secretary of State of Northern Ireland, have enriched our commerce and enriched forward momentum. The agreement nego- Dr. Reid; First Minister Trimble; Deputy our culture. The strong record of public serv- tiated by both Prime Ministers in Belfast First Minister Mallon. Thank you all for ice has fortified our democracy. And the last week is a reflection of a common com- being here. strong ties to family and faith and commu- mitment. As always, we deeply appreciate I want to thank the ambassadors who are nity have strengthened our nation’s char- the efforts. here; I want to thank the other leaders from acter. In short, the Irish are a big reason Northern Ireland who are here. It’s most gra- And, again, I want to pledge what I said why we’ll always be proud to call ourselves a cious of you to take your time to come and yesterday; the United States stands ready to nation of immigrants. celebrate St. Patrick’s Day with us. Mr. help. (Applause.) It is in our national inter- Speaker, it’s good to see you again, sir, as est that there be a lasting peace, a real last- Happy St. Patrick’s Day. (Applause). well. ing peace, in Northern Ireland. And now, would you join us, please, for The Taoiseach and I just had an excellent I also want to say how much I appreciate some refreshments in the State Room. Wel- meeting. We spent a good hour of frank dia- the contributions that Irish-Americans have come to the White House. (Applause.)

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