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Lexico Estratigrafico Devonico LEXICO ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE LA ARGENTINA DEVÓNICO Claudia V. Rubinstein Editor Colaborador en edición: A. Susana Monge LÉXICO ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE LA ARGENTINA DEVÓNICO A C H A L A (batolito de…)….……………………………...…Devónico Medio - Carbonífero inferior (Provincia de Córdoba; aproximadamente 31°03'-32°01' lat. S y 64°59'-64°29' long. O). LIRA (R.) y KIRCHSBAUM (A.), 1990. Geochemical evolution of granites from de Achala batholith of the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 241: 69. Localidad tipo y distribución geográfica: Sierras de Córdoba (región central), aproximadamente 31°25’00’’- 31°29’00´´ lat. S y 64°57’06’’- 64°42’33’’ long. O. Descripción original: “The facies are as follows: Facies A: is a muscovite-bearing monzo- leucogranite that occurs near the margin of the pluton…Facies B: is a porphyritic monzogranite that is dominant facies in the batholiths…Facies C: is a fine-grained monzogranite with scarce microcline megacrysts…Facies D: is a fine-grained monzogranite that lacks microcline megacrysts. Facies E: is a fine-grained monzogranite with biotite clots.…Biotite-apatite enclaves are erratically distributed within the B (porphyritic monzogranite) facies…Tonalites nodules are abundant near the northwestern contact of the batholith in the B facies (Fig. 1).These nodules are rounded to elliptical in shape and range from a few centimeters up to 20 cm in the long dimension.”(Lira y Kirchsbaum, 1990, p. 69) Relaciones estratigráficas: el batolito de Achala intruye mayormente un basamento metamórfico con expresión regional formado por gneises tonalíticos (Gordillo y Lencinas, 1979). Edad: la facies monzogranítica principal produce una edad de cristalización U-Pb SHRIMP en circón de 379 ± 4 Ma, y rocas graníticas de composición tonalítica más jóvenes producen una edad de 369 ± 3 Ma, lo cual indica que la mayor parte del batolito fue emplazado durante un tiempo relativamente corto durante el Devónico Medio-Superior (Rapela et al. 2008). Estos resultados son consistentes con la edad U-Pb convencional en circón de 368 ± 2 Ma obtenida a partir de rocas graníticas por Dorais et al. (1997). Observaciones: una edad carbonífera temprana ha sido informada para el Granito Capilla del Monte, en las Sierras de Córdoba. La isócrona Rb-Sr (roca total) produce una edad de 337 ± 2 Ma; (Saavedra et al. 1998), por lo cual, por el momento, no puede descartarse taxativamente que parte del magmatismo vinculado al batolito de Achala se haya prolongado en el Carbonífero inferior. Orógeno Achaliano (Rapela et al. 2008). (J.A.DAHLQUIST) Referencias: Dorais(M.J.), Lira (R.), Chen (Y.), Tingey (D.), 1997; Gordillo (C.E.), Lencinas (A.N).1979; Rapela (C.W.), Baldo (E.G.), Pankhurst (R.J.), Fanning (C.M.), 2008; Saavedra (J.), Baldo (E.), Pankhurst (R.J.), Rapela (C.W.), Murra ( J.), 1998. ACHIRAS (Complejo Ígneo...)....……………......…….......……..………………Devónico Superior (Provincia de Córdoba; aproximadamente 33° 09'52.27" lat. S, 65° 02'58.74"long. O) SIMS (J.), STUART-SMITH (P.), LYONS (P.) y SKIRROW (R.,), 1997. Informe Geológico y Metalogenético de las Sierras de San Luis y Comechingones. Provincias de San Luis y Córdoba. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales SEGEMAR, Anales 28: 148, Buenos Aires Localidad tipo y distribución geográfica: Forma parte del extremo sur de la sierra de Comechingones. Anomamías aeromagnéticas indican que el complejo se extiende bajo los sedimentos cenozoicos hacia el S y SE (Sims et al., 1997). 1 LÉXICO ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE LA ARGENTINA DEVÓNICO Descripción: El Complejo Ígneo Achiras definido por Sims et al. (1997), comprende el granito Los Nogales (Fagiano et al., 1992 y Nullo et al., 1992) y fue denominado Complejo Achiras por Otamendi et al. (1996). El complejo intrusivo está formado por dos tipos de granitos: un granito seriado de granulometría gruesa, fuertemente magnético y un leucogranito equigranular, que son acompañados por numerosos diques tardíos de pegmatitas (muscovita- granate- turmalina) y aplitas. Los granitos forman cuerpos tabulares cuyos contactos son mayormente concordantes pero intrusivos con respecto a las fábricas de las metamorfitas que los encajan. El Complejo Ígneo Achiras está estratificado. La base está constituida principalmente por granito seriado de grano grueso y magnético, que hacia arriba pasa a un leucogranito. Las dos unidades son gradacionales y representan un cambio en las proporciones de los tipos de rocas que lo constituyen. La unidad inferior fue previamente mapeada como Granito LOS NOGALES (véase) (Fagiano et al., 1992 y Nullo et al., 1992). La roca predominante es el granito seriado de grano grueso, color rosado que se caracteriza por su fuerte susceptibilidad magnética y la presencia de cristales de microclino pertítico que alcanzan hasta 5 cm de largo. El granito presenta escasa hornblenda y accesorios como apatita, magnetita y pirita. Hacia el norte la roca es un granito - leucogranito biotítico, equigranular de grano grueso a medio, color rosado a gris. La fábrica bandeada por flujo se hace evidente por la orientación de biotita, venas de pegmatita, schlieren y lentes de gneises pelíticos. La muscovita es el constituyente primario principal, pero también se hace abundante en zonas de cizalla, donde junto con cuarzo define una lineación con buzamiento al ENE, contenida en los planos de foliación milonítica. Las fases accesorias están constituidas por circón, apatita y raramente granate. En todo el complejo existe una interestratificación de gneises bandeados cuarzo- biotita- feldespato (+ muscovita + granate) y esquistos cuarzo - biotita- muscovita (+ feldespato + sillimanita + granate). Geoquímicamente ambas series son peraluminosas con un ISA de 1.1; sin embargo difieren de otros granitos devónicos en sus bajos contenidos en Rb, Y y U, además están menos oxidados. Relaciones estratigráficas: Fagiano et al. (1993), Nullo et al. (1992) y Otamendi et al. (1996) interpretaron al complejo granítico como un producto de anatexis local, a 700ºC y 3kb (Fagiano et al., 1993). El magma granítico derivado de una fuente metasedimentaria, habría intruido las metamorfitas del Complejo Metamórfico Conlara, de edad ordovícica (Candiani et al., 2010), en niveles de corteza media a superior, como una serie de múltiples inyecciones durante la milonitización progresiva de la zona de cizalla Las Lajas (Sims et al., 1997). Enjambres de pegmatitas turmaliníferas, asociadas espacialmente al Complejo Ígneo Achiras, forman venas subconcordantes o diques discordantes, con direcciones NO y NNO principalmente; representando los productos finales del magmatismo en esta región. Edad: Determinaciones circón U/Pb sobre el granito magnético dan una edad de cristalización de 382+6 Ma que corresponde al Devónico superior (Camacho e Ireland, 1977). Estas edades contrastan con las previas determinaciones realizadas por Fagiano et al. (1993) y Nullo et al. (1992) quienes interpretaron una edad ordovícica inferior para este granito. (J.C. CANDIANI) Referencias: Camacho(A.)., Ireland (T.R.), 1997; Candiani (J.C.), Ulacco (H.) y Ojeda, (G.), 2010; Fagiano (M.), Otamendi (J.), Nullo (F.E.), Brien (C.), 1993; Nullo (F.E.), Fagiano, (M.R.), y Otamendi (J.E.), 1992; Otamendi (J.E.), Nullo (F.E.), Fagiano (M.) y Aragon (E.), 1996; Sims (J.), Stuart-Smith (P.), Lyons (P.), Skirrow (R.), 1997. AGUARAGÜE (Supersecuencia )…………..………………...………….……Eifeliano - Frasniano (Cordillera Oriental, Sierras Subandinas y Llanura Chaco-Salteña de Salta, aproximadamente 22º-23º lat. S y 64º 30’- 63° long. O). 2 LÉXICO ESTRATIGRÁFICO DE LA ARGENTINA DEVÓNICO STARCK D., GALLARDO E., A. SCHULZ, 1993: The Pre-Carboniferous unconformity in the Argentine portion of the Tarija Basin. Comptes Rendus XII ICC-P, Vol 2: 373-384. Buenos Aires, 1993. Localidad Tipo: Sierra de Cinco Picachos, en el núcleo de la Sierra de Las Pavas – Pescado y en la zona de Abra de Zenta – Caspalá (Starck et al., 1993a). Descripción original: “It lies on the Las Pavas Supersequence through another major flooding surface including Los Monos and Iquiri Formations (this last mainly in Bolivia). It also shows an upward-coarsening pattern due to the transitional superposition of the Iquiri Formation (essentially sandy) over Los Monos Formation pelitic rocks. On the Argentine side of the border these units were only defined in subsurface, but recently Los Monos Formation was reported from several sections….” Starck et al., (1993a, p. 376) Espesor: muy variable, depende del grado de erosión que haya sufrido la supersecuencia por el Carbonífero. Puede alcanzar los 1000 m como espesor máximo (Starck et al., 1993a). Relaciones estratigráficas: en los perfiles de superficie levantados (Angosto del Pescado y Bala Puca) su inicio está marcado por una neta inundación sobre las areniscas de plataforma proximal con las que remata la última secuencia de la Supersecuencia LAS PAVAS (véase). Una discordancia erosiva la separa de los depósitos carboníferos suprayacentes. Extensión geográfica: se reconoce en Bolivia, Paraguay y norte de Argentina, donde aflora en la región occidental de las Sierras Subandinas y en el sector oriental de la Cordillera Oriental, prolongándose en subsuelo hasta el Chaco-Salteño. Véase formaciones LOS MONOS e IQUIRI. Paleontología y edad: En el perfil de Balapuca, di Pasquo (2007a, b) registró asociaciones palinológicas y “Haplostigma furquei” en la Formación LOS MONOS (véase) atribuidas al Eifeliano tardío-Givetiano, mientras que la Formación suprayacente Itacua brindó un conjunto del Viseano temprano. En el Pozo San Antonio
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