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Bab Ii. Senjata Perang Dunia Ii Pada Permainan Video Playerunknown’S Battlegrounds

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Bab Ii. Senjata Perang Dunia Ii Pada Permainan Video Playerunknown’S Battlegrounds BAB II. SENJATA PERANG DUNIA II PADA PERMAINAN VIDEO PLAYERUNKNOWN’S BATTLEGROUNDS II. 1. Perang Dunia II Perang Dunia II adalah perang terbesar sepanjang sejarah modern. Perang yang melibatkan banyak negara tersebut merupakan perang yang lebih besar dari Perang Dunia I lebih dari 40 negara ikut terlibat, dari 40 negara tersebut dibagi menjadi 2 blok yaitu blok Poros dan Sekutu, pada blok Sekutu terdiri dari Uni Soviet, Amerika Serikat, Britania, Tiongkok, Prancis, Polandia, Kanada, Australia, Selandia Baru, Afrika Selatan, Yugoslavia, Yunani, Norwegia, Belanda, Belgia, Ceko, Brazil, Mongolia, Nepal, Meksiko, Peru, Irak, Ethiopia, Liberia, Romania dan Bulgaria sedangkan pada blok Poros terdiri dari negara Jerman, Jepang, Italia, Hongaria, Rumania, Bulgaria, Finlandia, Thailand, Irak, Spanyol, Filipina, Vietnam, Laos, Kamboja, Ethiopia, Serbia, Slowakia, Kroasia dan Denmark (Wikipedia diakses pada 2020). Perang Dunia II ini ada beberapa negara yang menjadi negara paling mendominasi dalam sejarah karena sering diceritakan dalam buku-buku sejarah yaitu pada blok Sekutu ada Uni Soviet dan Amerika Serikat, Uni Soviet berpengaruh karena merupakan pemenang pada Perang Dunia I sehingga memiliki persenjataan yang lebih siap dan juga Uni Soviet berhasil memukul mundur Jerman, Amerika Serikat sering disebut dalam sejarah Perang Dunia II karena Amerika Serikat menjatuhkan bom atom di 2 kota di Jepang yaitu Hirosima dan Nagasaki, hal tersebut menjadi titik dimana blok Sekutu sudah menguasai medan perang, sedangkan pada blok Poros ada Jerman dan Jepang, Jerman dikenal dengan persenjataan yang canggih dan juga seorang pemimpin yaitu Adolf Hitler, Adolf Hitler merupakan sebuah pemimpin dari sebuah partai yang bernama Nazi yang ditakuti pada saat itu, Jepang pada saat Perang Dunia II sering diceritakan bukan hanya sebagai korban namun Jepang juga negara pertama yang diajak oleh Jerman untuk bergabung dengan blok Poros, bukan hanya itu Jepang juga sering disebut pada sejarah karena keputusan untuk menyerang Amerika Serikat. Terjadinya Perang Dunia II merupakan bentuk ketidakpuasan negara-negara yang kalah pada Perang Dunia I yang bergabung dengan blok Poros seperti Italia, Jerman 7 dan Austraia-Hungaria melawan negara-negara blok Sekutu yang diisi oleh Inggris, Perancis dan Uni Soviet. Negara yang bergabung pada blok Poros merasa dirugikan pada Perjanjian Versailless tahun 1919. Perjanjian ini dibuat oleh kedua pihak yang berperang pada Perang Dunia I tapi merasa menguntungkan blok Sekutu (Astri & Faisal, 2011, h.106). Dalam Perang Dunia II memang Sekutu menguasai medan pertempuran dan dikuasainya beberapa wilanyah oleh Sekutu, Uni Soviet berhasil memojokan Jerman selama perang dan memaksa Jerman ke wilayah Italia, Jerman membuat negara di Italia dengan nama Republik Sosial Italia. II. 1. 1. Negara yang Terlibat Perang Dunia II melibatkan kurang lebih 45 negara yang berperang, 45 negara tersebut dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu blok Sekutu dan blok Poros. Dalam perancangan ini hanya akan membahas negara yang berperan penting dalam Perang Dunia II. II. 1. 1. 1. Blok Sekutu Blok Sekutu merupakan blok yang beranggotakan Amerika Serikat, Uni Soviet dan Britania. Negara-negara tersebut yang berpengaruh dalam Perang Dunia II dan negara-negara yang berhasil menjatuhkan Jerman dalam medan pertempuran di belahan bumi Eropa. 1. Amerika Serikat Gambar II. 1 Bendera Amerika Serikat Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of _the_United_States.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) 8 Amerika Serikat adalah negara yang luas dan besar, Amerika Serikat telah terlibat beberapa perang contohnya Perang Dunia I dan II pada Perang Dunia I Amerika menang dan menjadikan Amerika Serikat salah satu kekuatan militer dunia. Pada Perang Dunia II Amerika Serikat keluar sebagai pemenang dengan Uni Soviet dan blok Sekutu. Amerika Serikat menjadi juara pada Perang Dunia II yang dimana melibatkan banyak negara. Sesudah Perang Dunia II berakhir, Amerika Serikat menjadi semakin kuat dan semakin berpengaruh di dunia. Puncak kejayaan Amerika Serikat pada tahun 80-an, ketika Amerika Serikat berhasil memenangkan perang dingin yang melibatkan Amerika Serikat dan Uni Soviet. (Saddam, 2013, h. 90). Amerika Serikat juga menjadi negara pertama yang menggunakan senjata pemusnah massal atau sejata nuklir pada saat Perang Dunia II untuk memusnahkan 2 kota di Jepang, dengan itu menandai Perang Dunia II selesai. 2. Uni Soviet Gambar II. 2 Bendera Uni Soviet Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) Uni Soviet adalah negara terbesar di dunia, sampai tahun 1991 luasnya sampai ke Amerika Utara. Uni Soviet pada Perang Dunia II merupakan negara terkuat bersama Amerika Serikat, Uni Soviet terkenal di dalam perang Stalingrad yang melibatkan Uni Soviet dengan Nazi Jerman untuk menguasai kota yang ada di Uni Soviet. Uni Soviet berhasil menaklukan Jerman pada saat musim dingin, dengan mendesak Jerman sehingga kekurangan armada dan makanan akhirnya Jerman 9 tidak bisa menguasai Uni Soviet, Uni Soviet pun menyerang Berlin selama 4 bulan dan 2 minggu setelah Berlin jatuh di tangan Uni Soviet, Hitler bunuh diri dan ditemukan di dalam bangker persembunyian bersama istrinya. Jerman pun menyerah kepada Uni Soviet. P. K. Ojong (seperti yang dikutip oleh Tryandanu 2016) Stalin yang awalnya menghadapi kekuatan Jerman sendirian, mulai mendapat perhatian oleh para pemimpin Eropa seperti pemimpin Inggris Winston Churcill, dan pemimpin Amerika Serikat Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Perang di bagian Timur menjadikan Jerman mengalami dua perang besar sekaligus konsentrasi militer Jerman dibagi antara perang di bagian timur menghadapi Uni Soviet dan perang di bagian Barat menghadapi Prancis, Inggris dan para negara Sekutu. Hal ini membuat kekuatan Jerman melemah. 3. Britania Gambar II. 3 Bendera Britania Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/archive/ a/ae/20190910165257%21Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/800px- Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) Britania merupakan negara yang mempunyai tentara angkatan laut yang sangat ditakuti pada masa Perang Dunia II, Britania bergabung dengan blok Sekutu yang berisikan negara-negara kuat. Britania memutuskan perang pada saat Jerman menyerang Polandia, Britania menggangap Jerman telah melanggar hukum internasional, dan menyatakan perang terhadap Jerman. Setelah Jerman menguasai Polandia, Jerman ingin berdamai dengan Sekutu, namun Britania menolak, Britania dan Prancis bersatu dan menggempur Jerman. Di Belgia, Britania bermaksud menyerang Jerman namun Jerman mengelabui Britania dan membuat Britania 10 terpojok dan beberapa ada yang lolos kabur. Namun perang masih berlanjut hingga Uni Soviet dan Amerika memojokan Jerman dalam perang Stalin. II. 1. 1. 2. Blok Poros Blok Poros terdiri dari Jerman dan Jepang. Negara-negara tersebut merupakan negara yang sangat berperan dalam Perang Dunia II. Terutama Jerman yang memiliki Partai Nazi yang di pimpin oleh Adolf Hitler. 1. Jerman Gambar II. 4 Bendera Jerman. Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/ b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/800px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) Jerman merupakan negara yang sangat disorot saat Perang Dunia II karena tindakannya dan tidak ketinggalan salah satu kelompok atau partai yang ada di Jerman yaitu Nazi, Nazi berhasil menguasai Jerman saat Perang Dunia ke-II dengan dipimpin oleh Adolf Hitler. Hitler sendiri memiliki dendam terhadap sekutu sejak kekalahan Jerman di Perang Dunia I. Bisa dikatakan kalau Perang Dunia II ini pelopornya adalah Jerman yang dipimpin oleh Hitler, karena Jerman menyerang beberapa negara di Eropa termasuk Uni Soviet. Bendera Nazi yang digunakan adalah Swastika atau biasa dikenal dengan hakenkreus (salib yang berkait) melambangkan kebaikan atau kesejahteraan dan warna yang digunakan adalah merah, putih dan hitam yang merupakan warna dari bendera Jerman pada tahun 1897, warna-warna tersebut memiliki arti yaitu merah melambangkan gagasan sosial dari gerakan nazi, putih melambangkan ide nasional dan hitam pada lambang swastika melambangkan misi perjuangan. 11 Gambar II. 5 Bendera Nazi. Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/ thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/800px- Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) Langkah Jerman pertama kali adalah bergabung dengan Jepang yang dimana hubungan Jerman dan Jepang sempat menjauh seusai Perang Dunia I. Lalu diplomasi Jerman berlanjut ke Uni Soviet, Jerman dan Uni Soviet merencanakan akan membagi dua Polandia dan membuat perjanjian untuk tidak saling serang antara Jerman Uni Soviet dan melupakan perjanjian Perang Dunia I, dimana Uni Soviet kalah oleh Jerman. 2. Jepang Gambar II. 6 Bendera Jepang Sumber : https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag _of_Japan.svg/800px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png (Diakses pada 7/11/2019) Jepang merupakan negara pertama yang di ajak oleh Jerman untuk bergabung dengan blok Poros dan menjadi negara terakhir yang diserang sekutu yang menandakan Perang Dunia II berakhir. Awalnya Jepang tiba-tiba menyerang Amerika Serikat karena tidak ada pilihan yang dimana hanya ada 2 pilihan yaitu Jepang menyerang duluan atau tumbang oleh Embargo. Serangan Jepang kepada Amerika Serikat harus di bayar mahal oleh Jepang karena serangan balasan Amerika Serikat lebih dahsyat dampaknya. 18 April 1942 Amerika Serikat
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