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Operational Guidelines for Wash in Emergencies

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Operational Guidelines for Wash in Emergencies Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Local Government Rural Development &Co-operatives OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR WASH (Water Sanitation and Hygiene) IN EMERGENCIES - BANGLADESH Second Edition 2017 ii | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines Secretary Local Government Division Ministry of Local Government Rural Development & Co-operatives Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Foreword WASH Emergency Guidelines iii | P a g e Foreword Md. Reaz Ahmad Director General (Addl. Secretary) Department of Disaster Management (DDM) Govt. of Bangladesh, Dhaka iv | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines WASH Emergency Guidelines v | P a g e Foreword Edouard Beigbeder Representative UNICEF Bangladesh vi | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines Preface Engr. Sudhir Kumar Ghosh Dara Johnston Chief Engineer, DPHE, Dhaka WASH Chief, UNICEF, Dhaka WASH Emergency Guidelines vii | P a g e Acknowledgement Md. Moniruzzaman Zakariyah (Bisi) Agberemi Co-lead, WASH Cluster WASH Cluster Coordinator WASH Section Superintending Engineer (Store) UNICEF, Dhaka DPHE, Dhaka, Bangladesh Bangladesh viii | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines Abbreviations AILA : Name of a Cyclone in 2009 ART : Arsenic Removal Technology CCDMC : City Corporation Disaster Management Committee CPP : Cyclone Preparedness Programme CPPIB : Cyclone Preparedness Programme Implementation Board CSDDWS : Committee for Speedy Dissemination of Disaster related Warning Signal DC : Deputy Commissioner DDM : Department of Disaster Management DDMC : District disaster Management Committee DG : Director General DMC : Disaster Management Committee DMTATF : Disaster Management Training and public Awareness building Task Force DND : Dhaka- Narayanganj- Damra DPHE : Department of Public Health Engineering DWASA : Dhaka water and Sewerage Authority ED : Excreta Disposal EOC : Emergency Operation Center of DDM EPAC : Earthquake Preparedness Awareness Commottee EPP : Emergency Preparedness Plan EWS : Early Warning System FAP : Flood Action Plan FPOCG : Focal Point Operation Co-ordination Group HCTT : Humanitarian Co-ordination Task Team HH : House Hold HTH : Name of a Non Chlorinating Oxidizer (powder) HWT : Home Water Treatment IMDMCC : Inter-Ministerial Disaster Management Co-ordination Committee INGO : International Non-Governmental Organization JNA : Joint Need Assessment KII : Key Information Interview LCG : Local Consultative Group LCG-DER : LCG Disaster and Emergency Response LGD : Local Government Division LGRD : Local Government and Rural Development NDMAC : National Disaster Management Advisory Committee NDMC : National Disaster management Council NFI : Non Food Item NGO : Non Governmental Organization NGOCC : NGO Co-ordination Committee NPDRR : National Platform Disaster Risk Reduction WASH Emergency Guidelines ix | P a g e NDRCC : National Disaster Response Co-ordination Center of DDM ORS : Oral Rehydration Salt PDMC : Pourashava Disaster Management Committee PIO : Project Implementation Officer PSF : Pond Sand Filter RAB : Rapid Action Battalion RWHS : Rain Water Harvesting System SAE : Sub Assistant Engineer SAG : Strategic Advisory Group SIDR : Name of Cyclone in 2007 SOD : Standing Order on Disaster SOS : Name of the form for Loss and Damage and Emergency Requirement SW : Solid Waste TWG : Technical Working Group UDMC : Union Disaster Management committee UN : United Nations UNICEF : United Nation’s Children Fund UNO : Upazila Nirbahi Officer UzDMC : Upazila Disaster Management Committee VC : Vector Control VDP : Village Defense Police WASA : Water and Sewerage Authority WASH : Water, Sanitation and Hygiene WATSAN : Water and Sanitation WB : World Bank WPT : Water Purification Tablet WS/WSS : Water Supply/Water Supply & Sanitation WT : Water Treatment x | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines Table of Contents PART A Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................ 3 1.1 Disasters in Bangladesh ....................................................................................... 3 1.2 Impacts of Disasters on WASH .......................................................................... 11 1.3 Impacts in Rural and Urban areas ..................................................................... 12 1.4 Disaster Management Cycle .............................................................................. 14 1.5 Code of conduct in disaster response activities ................................................ 16 1.6 Cross-cutting issues ........................................................................................... 16 1.7 Purpose and scope of the Guidelines ................................................................ 17 1.8 Contents of the Operational Guidelines ........................................................... 18 Chapter 2: Institutional and Regulatory Framework for Disaster Management .......... 3 2.1 National Disaster Management Institutional Framework .................................. 3 2.2 National Water Supply and Sanitation Institutional Framework ........................ 5 2.3 Coordination between Bangladesh Government and Development Partners ... 6 2.4 The WASH Cluster................................................................................................ 7 2.5 Regulatory Framework ........................................................................................ 8 Chapter 3 Preparedness for WASH ............................................................................. 29 3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 29 3.2 General Preparedness ....................................................................................... 29 3.3. WASH Sector Preparedness .............................................................................. 31 3.4 WASH Cluster preparedness ............................................................................. 35 Chapter4 WASH Emergency Response ...................................................................... 39 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 39 4.2 WASH assessments for disaster response ........................................................ 39 4.3 Assessment for Emergency Response ............................................................... 40 4.4 Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders ........................................................ 43 4.5 WASH Information management ...................................................................... 46 4.6 Implementation of emergency WASH response ............................................... 46 4.7 Guidelines .......................................................................................................... 50 WASH Emergency Guidelines 1 | P a g e Chapter 5 Early Recovery ........................................................................................... 51 5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 51 5.2 Assessment and Tools ....................................................................................... 51 5.3 Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in earlyrecovery phase .................. 59 5.4 WASH Information management ...................................................................... 62 5.5 Implementation of emergency response .......................................................... 62 Chapter 6: Decommissioning of Water Supply, and Hygiene Facilities.......................... 69 6.1 Introduction: ...................................................................................................... 69 6.2 Items that need to retained if disaster resilient ............................................... 69 6.3 Decommissioning of different facilities ............................................................. 69 PART B Guideline 1: Water Guidelines for Emergency Relief and Early Recovery ........................ 73 Guideline 2: Excreta Disposal Guideline for Emergency Relief and Early Recovery ....... 101 Guideline 3: Inclusiveness Guidelines for Relief and Early Recovery .............................. 120 Guideline 4: Hygiene Promotion Guidelines for Emergency Relief and Early Recovery . 125 Guideline 5: WASH Non-Food Item (NFI)Guidelines for Emergency Relief and Early Recovery ...................................................................................................... 137 Guideline 6: Waste, Drainage and Vector Control Guidelines for Emergency Relief and Early Recovery ............................................................................................. 147 PART C Detailed Design and Costing of Water Supply Options related to Disaster Management ..................................................................................................................... 155 2 | Page WASH Emergency Guidelines Chapter 1: Introduction CHAPTER OUTLINE 1.1 Disasters in Bangladesh 1.2 Effect of Disasters on WASH 1.3 Effects in Rural and Urban Areas 1.4 Disaster Management Cycle 1.5 Code of conduct in disaster response activities 1.6 Cross-cutting Issues 1.7 Purpose and scope of the guideline 1.1 Disasters in Bangladesh Natural disasters like cyclone, storm surge, flood, tornado, earthquake, riverbank erosion and landslide have been threatening mankind since history. With the rapidly rising global population the impact of natural disasters is becoming more severe. Moreover,
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