Convergent and Divergent Validity of the Learning Transfer Questionnaire. Annette Irving Bookter Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1999 Convergent and Divergent Validity of the Learning Transfer Questionnaire. Annette Irving Bookter Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Bookter, Annette Irving, "Convergent and Divergent Validity of the Learning Transfer Questionnaire." (1999). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 7068. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/7068 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. 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Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Bell & Howell Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA UMI*800-521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. CONVERGENT AND DIVERGENT VALIDITY OF THE LEARNING TRANSFER QUESTIONNAIRE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty o f the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The School of Vocational Education by Annette Irving Bookter B.S., Southern University, 1970 M.S., The American University, 1990 December 1999 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number 9960039 UMI* UMI Microform9960039 Copyright 2000 by Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Bell & Howell Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My thanks go to my Heavenly Father and my earthly family, without whom this would have not been possible. A special thanks to my mom and dad for always being there for me, and who always taught us that belief in God and education were keys to success. Thanks to my faculty committee for believing in me. Special thanks to Dr. Elwood F. Holton, HI, Faculty Committee Chair, for the opportunity to be involved in this cutting edge learning transfer research. I would like to thank Fredrick C. Spathel£ Human Resources Director, Mid-west Region, United States Postal Service, for folly supporting this study. Lastly, I would like to thank the Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro, North Carolina, for contributing components of the KEYS instrument for utilization in this study. ii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.................................................................................. ii LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................. v UST OF FIGURES.......................................................................................... ix ABSTRACT....................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................... I Background of the Study ....................................................... 2 A Statement of the Problem ..................................................... 7 Purpose of the Study ................................................................ 8 Research Questions .................................................................. 8 Key Terms................................................................................ 9 2 LITERATURE REVIEW............................................................. 10 Overview: Transfer o f Training ............................................... 10 Validation: A Conceptual Framework..................................... 28 Convergent and Divergent Validity ........................................ 30 Strategies for Construct Validity Studies .............................. 31 Background and Development of the LTQ ............................ 33 3 METHODOLOGY................................. 43 Procedures: Research Question One ....................................... 43 Procedures for Selection of Comparison Instruments ............ 44 Procedures: Research Question Two ...................................... 48 4 RESULTS OF RESEARCH QUESTION ONE......................... 59 Measures Used in this Study ................................................. 62 Items Used in the LTQ Sub-scales and Comparison Measures ...................................................... 97 5 RESULTS OF RESEARCH QUESTION TWO........................ 121 Summary o f Data Analysis ................................................ 124 6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS..................................... 143 Summary o f Procedures ...................................................... 143 Discussion of Findings ....................................................... 145 Conclusions ........................................................................ 163 Limitations of This Study ................................................... 173 Recommendations for Future Research ............................... 174 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. REFERENCES............................................................................................. 178 APPENDIXES A TRAINING TRANSFER ENVIRONMENT INSTRUMENT..................................................................... 190 B LEARNING TRANSFER QUESTIONNAIRE - VERSION 2........ 200 C INSTRUCTIONS FOR PARTICIPANTS.............................. 210 D OTHER MEASURES INVESTIGATED FOR THE STUDY............................................. 213 E PEARSON’S CORRELATION MATRIX............................. 218 F LTQ INTER-SCALE CORRELATION MATRIX................ 238 G PEARSON’S PARTIAL CORRELATION MATRIX 243 H PERMISSION LETTERS...................................................... 254 VITA............................................................................................................... 263 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF TABLES 1. Dimensions of Situational Cues and Consequences Used in Rouiller and Goldstein (1993) Transfer Climate Model .................... 35 2. LTQ Factors: Holton, Bates, Ruona & Leimbach (1998) ...................... 40 3. Criteria and Steps Utilized in Identifying Comparison Measures For this Study .................................................................................... 44 4. Selected General Rating Criteria for Evaluating Measure ...................... 47 5. Sample by District, Number of Participants, Number of Hours of Training, Title of Training and Title of Participants ...................................................................................... 49 6. Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Descriptors ............................... 53 7. Identification of the Instruments Used in This Study in the General Rating Criteria ................................................................... 60 8. Work Environment Scale Dimensions, Sub-scales and Definitions ............................................................................................ 62 9. Job Descriptive Index Sub-scales and Definitions ............................... 65 10. KEYS Environmental Scale Dimensions and Definitions ........................ 68 11. Perceived Work Environment Sub-scales and Definitions ................... 71 12. Index o f Organizational Reaction Sub-scales and Definitions ................ 75 13. Leader Reward Behavior Sub-scales and Definitions ............................ 77 14. Facet Specific Job Satisfaction and Definitions ..................................... 79 15. Work Related Expectancies Sub-scale