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SKATE and ENGAGE: the Laguna Skategarden and Civic Engagement Among Teens

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SKATE and ENGAGE: the Laguna Skategarden and Civic Engagement Among Teens SKATE AND ENGAGE: The Laguna Skategarden and Civic Engagement Among Teens Kayla J Platt This page intentionally left blank. Skate and Engage: The Laguna Skategarden and Civic Engagement Among Teens A Planning Report Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Urban and Regional Planning San José State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Urban Planning By Kayla J Platt May 2011 This page intentionally left blank. Acknowledgements Thank you to my family (Mom, Dad, Daniel, Trina, Julie Ann and Frankie) for your constant support and guidance. And especially to my parents who taught me to be good, to work hard, and to speak up not only for myself, but also for those with a quieter voice. I strive to make you proud every day and I thank you for your unconditional love and the incredible life that I have received. Thank you to my many friends who also inspire me to contribute to this world in positive ways. And to my peers at SJSU who provided me so much support in school and in life – Liz Beaubois, John Scarpulla and Anthony Amiewalan, I never could have made it through graduate school without you. Thank you also to my project advisor, Dayana Salazar. To the community of Sebastopol: thank you for welcoming me into your skatepark and into your lives. Special thanks to Nicholas Joseph; Trevor Bouchard; Tim Lane; Kenyon Webster; and Jeffrey Weaver. And to David Dippé, for inspiring me through your passion for this project. And last, but certainly not least, to the teens at the Laguna Skategarden: you heartened me with your kindness, maturity, and many insights. I wish each of you much happiness and success in your life. Continue to speak, because you have so much to say. "Everybody can be great. Because anybody can serve. You don't have to have a college degree to serve. You don't have to make your subject and your verb agree to serve.... You don't have to know the second theory of thermodynamics in physics to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul generated by love." -Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. This page intentionally left blank. Contents 1. Introduction to the Research ............................................................................... 1 1.1 The Importance of Public Space ...................................................................................1 1.2 Planning and the Decline of Civic Engagement .....................................................1 1.3 Skateparks as the Public Realm .....................................................................................2 1.4 The Study: Can a Skatepark Affect Civic Engagement? ........................................2 1.5 Report Organization ..........................................................................................................3 2. Study Setting: Sebastopol, CA and the Laguna Skategarden ........................... 5 2.1 Location and Select Demographics .............................................................................5 2.2 Sebastopol Park System ...................................................................................................6 2.3 A Brief History of the Laguna Skategarden ...............................................................6 2.4 Skateparks in Sonoma County ......................................................................................15 2.5 Laguna Skategarden Rules and Regulations ............................................................16 3. Assessing Civic Engagement Among Teens: Civic Participation, Social Capital and Positive Youth Development ................................................................ 19 4. Teens, Skateparks and Civic Engagement – A Look at the Literature ............... 23 4.1 Introduction to the Literature ........................................................................................23 4.2 The Importance of Public Space for Teens ................................................................23 4.3 The Exclusion of Teens from Public Space .................................................................24 4.4 The Skateboarder Strikes Back: The Rise of the Civically-Engaged Skater .....26 4.5 Positive Youth Development at the Skatepark ........................................................27 4.6 Planning/Design of Skateparks to Facilitate Positive Youth Development ...29 4.7 Criticism of Skateparks ....................................................................................................31 4.8 Conclusions from the Literature ...................................................................................31 5. The Laguna Skategarden Observed .................................................................... 33 5.1 Observation Methodology .............................................................................................33 5.2 Typical Observation Session ...........................................................................................37 5.3 Data Entry and Calculations ...........................................................................................38 5.4 Limitations of Observation Methodology .................................................................38 5.5 Observation Findings ........................................................................................................39 5.5.1 Age and Gender/Primary Observed Activity of Skatepark Visitors ..........39 5.5.2 Primary Observed Activity of Teens ....................................................................40 5.5.3 Other Observed Activities of Skategarden Visitors .......................................40 5.6 Discussion of Observation Findings ............................................................................42 5.7 Conclusions from the Observation Findings ............................................................44 6. In Their Own Words: Interviews with Teens at the Laguna Skategarden ......... 45 6.1 Defining the Questions ....................................................................................................45 6.2 Conducting Teen Interviews ..........................................................................................47 6.2.1 Recruiting Teens for Interviews ............................................................................47 6.2.2 A Typical Interview Session ....................................................................................48 6.3 Methods for Analyzing the Interviews with Teens .................................................48 6.4 Limitations of Interview Methodology .......................................................................51 6.5 An Introduction to the Teens .........................................................................................51 6.6 Results from the Interviews with Teens ......................................................................53 6.6.1 Social Capital/Social Trust .......................................................................................53 6.6.2 Civic Skills, Civic Duty and Civic Participation .................................................55 6.6.3 Positive Youth Development at the Skategarden ..........................................58 6.7 Summary of the Teen Interviews ..................................................................................60 7. Interviews with Adults Involved as Teens in the Establishment of the Laguna Skategarden ............................................................................................................................61 7.1 Conducting Adult Interviews .........................................................................................61 7.1.1 Recruiting Adults for Interviews ...........................................................................61 7.1.2 A Typical Interview Session ....................................................................................61 7.1.3 Methods for Analyzing the Interviews with Adults .......................................61 7.2 Results from the Interviews with Adults ....................................................................61 7.2.1 Experience as Teens ..................................................................................................62 7.2.2 Involvement as Adults .............................................................................................63 7.2.3 The Skategarden and Teens Today ......................................................................63 7.3 Summary of the Interviews with Adults .....................................................................64 8. Discussion of the Findings: Does the Skategarden Affect Civic Engagement? ................................................................................................ 67 8.1 The Impact of the Skategarden on Civic Identity/Civic Engagement Among Teens.........................................................................................................................67 8.2 Is the Skategarden a Context for Positive Youth Development? .......................68 8.3 The Impact of Involvement in the Planning Process on Adults .........................70 9. Lessons Learned from the Skategarden: Planning Public Spaces that Foster Civic Engagement Among Teens ...................................................................................71 9.1 Give Teens a Voice and Find (the Right) Adult Advocates When Designing the Space ...............................................................................................................................71 9.2
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