ChinaInsight Fostering business and cultural harmony between China and the U.S.

VOL. 18 NO. 5 May 2019 What are these?

News, p. 3

News, p. 3

Language, p. 5

Exotic chili peppers? Old Valentine chocolate gone bad? Not even close! They are (clockwise from top left): red berries, dark rose tea, Ceylon Lumbini black tea, herbal tea. Owner of TeaSource explains the types of Chinese teas and changes faced by the tea industry on p. 13. Arts & Culture, p. 9 Business & Economy Minnesota exports jump to record $23 billion in 2018 [SAINT PAUL] – Minnesota exports of than 1,500 small and medium-sized business million), pharmaceuticals ($612 million) goods grew 10 percent between 2017 and owners with export counseling and technical ores, slag and ash ($573 million), aircraft 2018, reaching a record high of $23 billion, assistance last year.” and spacecraft ($484 million) and meat according to a report released March 27 by Canada ($4.8 billion) and China ($2.8 ($373 million). the Minnesota Department of Employment billion) were the state’s two largest export The full 2018 annual export report is and Economic Development (DEED). U.S. markets in 2018 and also contributed the available DEED’s website at Export and exports grew 8 percent during the same largest gains in value. Other top 10 export Trade Statistics. Data for the fourth quarter Events, p. 15 period. markets were Mexico ($2.4 billion), Japan of 2018 is also available online. The release Minnesota’s solid export performance ($1.5 billion), Germany ($1.1 billion), of that data was delayed due to the federal led to the state’s ranking rising to 20th Korea ($1.0 billion), Singapore ($656 mil- government shutdown at the beginning of In This Issue highest in exports among all states in 2018, lion), the United Kingdom ($621 million), 2019. up from 23rd last year. Export growth was Belgium ($603 million) and the Philippines DEED is the state’s principal economic strong, even within an environment of con- ($496 million). development agency, promoting business Arts & Culture 8-9,13 tinued uncertainty created by changing trade Optic and medical goods were the top recruitment expansion and retention, work- Books 1 1 policies in the U.S. and trading partners. exported products for Minnesota at $4.5 force development, international trade and Business & Economy 14 “Minnesota businesses exported more billion, and led in growth with gains of $719 community development. ♦ Commentary 6 than 1,000 different products to over 200 million (or up 19 Community 6, 8 countries last year,” said Governor Tim percent). Other Events 1 5 - 1 6 Walz. “These businesses are expanding top exports were sales to their core customers as well as find- machinery ($3.5 Government & Politics 7, 14 ing new markets around the world.” billion), electrical Health 4 “Exports continue to play a major role equipment ($3.1 History 10 in Minnesota’s economy, supporting nearly billion), plastics Immigration 12 118,000 jobs across the state,” said DEED ($1.5 billion), Language 5 Commissioner Steve Grove. “The Min- vehicles ($1.4 News 3,15 nesota Trade Office here at DEED plays billion), food by- no small part in that effort – assisting more products ($633 Pronouncements 2 PAGE 2 / May 2019 pronouncements www.chinainsight.info

Publisher’s Pronouncements contact Elaine Dunn or me with any ideas you may have. ChinaInsight The staff of China Insight would also Greetings: like to honor all mothers on their special Marking the change of seasons, we be- situation and encourages all of you to submit day on May 12. So don’t forget to recognize Publisher: gin the celebration of Asian-Pacific Heritage your opinions on this matter so we can share your mother for all that she does. Gregory J. Hugh Month and the return of Festival of Nations it with others in the community. Finally, Memorial Day is celebrated on [email protected] that all take place in the month of May. See Andrew Yang, the first Chinese Ameri- Monday, May 27, which is a day in the U.S. page 16 for events. can U.S. presidential candidate, is scheduled when tribute is paid to the men and women Manager of As many of you may have observed in to be in Minnesota on May 5 so be sure to who have died serving in the U.S. armed the news, there has been quite a bit of at- mark that day on your calendar. See page services. This is a day for all of us to pay Operations/Circulation: tention given to matters that pertain to U.S. 15 for details about his visit and campaign homage to the soldiers who have made the Richard He national security that result in aggressive update. ultimate sacrifice to save their nation and its [email protected] enforcement of espionage, immigration and We also want to remind you that Con- people so that we can enjoy the freedoms visa statutes that appear to be focused on gress has approved a bill (and signed by we have. the Science, Technology, Engineering and President Donald Trump) that will award As always, thank you for reading China Staff Writers: Mathematics (STEM) fields. Unfortunately, a Congressional Gold Medal to Chinese Insight and please don’t hesitate to contact a majority of cases that had been prosecuted American Veterans of World War II. Your me if you have any suggestions as to how Greg Hugh include individuals of Chinese ancestry. help is needed to get all qualifying veterans we can continue to serve the community or [email protected] This has strained U.S. and China relations. to be registered as soon as possible. See wish to contribute an article for us to share This month, we have included a number of page 10 for details or feel free to contact with our readers. Elaine Dunn articles on these matters so that you might me if you can volunteer to help locate the [email protected] get a better idea of how difficult it is to bal- families of these veterans to make sure they ance the need for national security and being get the recognition they so deserve. This is a Sincerely, Contributors: overly aggressive in the racial profiling of a national program, so please spread the word particular group. among your contacts throughout the U.S. to Pearl Lam Bergad Such racial profiling and discrimination assist in this effort. [email protected] appear to be practiced in the education field, As usual, China Insight would like to Gregory J. Hugh Sam Cleveland and Harvard University has been sued on extend an invitation to anyone who wishes President – CEO [email protected] this point; and in Minnesota, many in the to contribute articles for our consideration. China Insight, Inc. Chinese community is fighting the imple- It can be on any topic that has a China con- mentation of a recent data disaggregation nection, whether it be in history, culture, Rob Karwath bill approved by the Minnesota Department business, travel, arts, food or whatever. Correction [email protected] The correct writers for “Dong Food Cul- of Education. We would love to have you join us as a ture” in April’s issue should be Dr. He Bill Waddington China Insight continues to monitor this volunteer contributor so please feel free to Guihua and Bu Aihua. 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About ChinaInsight ChinaInsight is a monthly English Entry Form language newspaper fostering business  Please send me free China Insight for a year if I am one of the first 10 respondents this month and cultural harmony between China The top two articles that interested me the most in this issue are: and the U.S. Page Article title Page Article title ChinaInsight is a Member of The Minnesota Chapter of the Asian I would like to see more articles on    American Journalists Association Employment Status Student Self-employed Retired Age 19 & under 20 - 40 Gender Male    (AAJA). Other (please specify) 41 - 60 60 + Female Employment Sector Education Government Private industry Ethnicity Asian Caucasian Hispanic Submissions & Other (please specify) African American Other Where did you get this issue of China Insight? Correspondence ChinaInsight welcomes guest articles

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Chinese consumed 14 million pounds of Maine lobster in 2016, which saved Maine’s lobster industry. Now they’re moving on to another mollusk, from Scandinavia. Chinese netizens have offered to Foreign workers “sacrifice” themselves to help a Dan- ish town fight off an invasion of giant At a mid-April conference in Shenzhen, Pacific oysters. The Chinese proposed Guangdong Province, China’s minister of Denmark offer a 10-year “Eater’s visa” Science and Technology said, “China now with unlimited entries and stays of up to need talent more than ever, because the most a month each visit. Quipped one neti- forward the creative solution to “relevant important thing about technology coopera- zen,” You want the oysters to be extinct, officials” for consideration. Hope the tion and communication is the exchange of or just endangered? Let us know.” culinary visa will be open to more than talent.” The Danish embassy in China will mainlanders! ♦ China has recently relaxed its visa re- quirements and residence permits, simplify- HK woes ing procedures for social security, household registration and education for kids in an than in New York. effort to attract more people from abroad It is also the least affordable in terms to work in the country. However, the gov- of housing. According to the annual ernment also warned it would impose strict Demographia International Housing Af- regulations on the entry of foreigners as a fordability Survey, it takes an average China Briefs result of crimes committed by foreigners. family 21 years to buy a medium-level Angelic criminal home (average price of US$913,893) 2016 China began a test in grading for- there while the average annual house- eign workers, classifying them into three hold income is only US$43,757. (The categories based on salary, education, age global standard is 5.1 years of total and Chinese-language skill. A score of 85 is In one of the greatest metropolises family income.) An expat pilot earning Class A, 60 is Class B and below 60, Class of the world, Hong Kong, the gap be- US$153,000 annually said 30 percent C. Professionals and creative talent usually tween the haves and the have-nots are of his income is swallowed up in rent. land in Class A. Those in management and not improving. Hong Kong’s appeal to overseas tal- technical areas, Class B; and unskilled or Ten-20 percent of Hong Kong’s ent dropped (3 places) to 14th out of 63 Is that angelic image above the face of service workers, Class C, which will be population live below the poverty line. countries in the IMD World Talent Rank- a dangerous criminal? “strictly limited.” This visa regulation took Named one of the three most expensive ing. Overall, Hong Kong ranked 18th Police in Yunnan Province posted the effect on Jan. 1, 2018. cities in the world in 2019, its cost of worldwide in attracting professionals. ♦ photo of a suspected gang member wanted living is found to be 7 percent higher for various violent offenses, except the skilled scientists have been brought 2,300 photo was from his childhood! Why? Be- in to China since 2017, with housing pro- cause they had no other photo of the suspect! vided by Beijing. Incredible find Online mockery moved the police to A “mind-blowing” trove of fossils remove the kiddie photo, saving some 950,000 foreigners worked in China in have been discovered on the banks of innocent chubby-faced kid from being ap- 2018. the Danshui River in Hubei Province. prehended. Whew! The more than 20,000 specimens are 336,000 foreigners were issued work well-preserved. So far, have included Paper mountain permits to work in China in 2018. worms, jellyfish, sea anemones and al- According to a new survey by Hong gae. The specimens are well-preserved Kong-based environmental group World 30 percent of the “overseas talent pool” are and mostly all soft-bodied organisms, Green Organization, Hong Kongers use foreigners. The rest are Chinese who have which usually do not stand a chance of approximately the weight of 12 buses of studied abroad. being fossilized, speculating that they 518-million-years-old and one of the tissues, paper towels and napkins daily! may have been “rapidly buried in sedi- “most significant finds in the last 100 The survey indicated while most people 160 countries established scientific and ment” during a storm. years,” a paleontologist told the BBC’s are aware of plastics pollution, most do technological cooperation with China, The specimens are approximately “Science in Action” program. ♦ not realize paper waste cannot be recycled. signing 114 intergovernmental agreements. Eliminating the disposable paper tissues and Impressive electronics towels filling up landfills would save 244 “talent exchange” agreements were tons of greenhouse gases each day. 346 est producer, consumer and exporter signed in 2018 with participation in 200 of consumer electronics” at a seminar international organizations. Dog drowning in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, in A clueless dog owner in a Fujian city early April. brought her dog to a pet shop where dogs 4 suspects were prosecuted in Chongq- Statistics indicate China produced 1.8 can swim in its small dog pool. An em- ing Municipality in February for enabling billion mobile phones, 300 million ployee placed the dog into the pool and the individuals with no English-teaching back- computers and 200 million televisions animal started to splash around frantically. ground, from non-native English-speaking in 2018. Shipments for these electronic The clueless owner started filming her dog countries to enter China to teach in schools. goods accounted for more than 20 per- while it sinks to the bottom. Finally, a staff cent of the global total, representing a An official from China’s Ministry of member pulled the dog out as it stopped 287.62 USD is the monthly minimum value of US$294.7 billion, close to 12 Industry and Information Technology splashing. wage at most Chinese cities at the end of proclaimed China is the “world’s larg- percent of China’s total export. ♦ 2018. Exceptions are in the more developed The pet shop is negotiating compensa- regions with Shanghai leading the pack at tion with the owner, who was “in a state of US$348.02; Shenzhen at US$316.38; and AI majors shock.” DUH! Beijing at US$304.87. Fall 2019, 35 Chinese universities will Justice served 143.81 USD is the monthly minimum be welcoming the first group of under- Another clueless dude. This one stopped wage on the low end of the spectrum, mostly graduate students majoring in artificial at the entrance of a gas station after filling in rural areas. ♦ intelligence. The goal is for Chinese up and proceeded to light up. An attendant universities to become core forces for asked him to put out his cigarette. When he building major global AI innovation refused, the attendant sprayed him with a fire centers by 2030. extinguisher. When the dude fights back, he China’s booming AI industry requires was sprayed in the face again. more talent and students with master He was detained by the police for three degrees in AI can command annual days.♦ starting salaries of US$44,700. ♦ PAGE 4 / May 2019 health www.chinainsight.info Professionals from 24527 5 x 7 around the world bw indicate growing interest and demand for Chinese medicine at Great River Symposium By Rob Karwath, contributor

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Health care needs of consumers are complex illnesses and her research includes changing, and treatments including acu- approaches to integrate traditional Chinese puncture and traditional Chinese medicine medicine into health care. are playing increasingly prominent roles. A focus of many of the presentations That was the message that more than at Great River was how modern medicine © 2019 Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. IHA-24527 200 health professionals from around the health consumers are increasingly seeking world heard April 4-6 at the Great River out acupuncture and traditional Chinese Symposium and Spring Gathering held on medicine approaches, including herbal “All of Us” program the campus of Northwestern Health Sci- medicines and mind-body practices such ences University (NWHSU) nwhealth.edu, as tai chi. in Bloomington, Minn. In the U.S., the popularity of traditional gathering health- The annual event offered acupunctur- Chinese medicine has risen with more atten- ists and practitioners of traditional Chinese tion on less-invasive health care, awareness related data for medicine — as well as others who work of the addictive dangers of opioid drugs used alongside them or who are interested in to treat pain and concerns about the cost and disease prevention and learning more — an opportunity to come effectiveness of some surgeries. together to discuss issues, trends and dis- “Each year we have welcomed these coveries in the fields. It also is a chance practitioners to our campus, and we’re treatment for practicing professionals to improve their excited about the focused approach that skills and complete professional develop- Great River took this year,” Healey said. By Elaine Dunn ment courses. “As interest in acupuncture and traditional Local nonprofit Asian Media Access cent are from Asian American and Pacific Much of the message at this year’s Great Chinese medicine continues to rise, we have collaborated with Asian Health Coalition Islander communities, populations that have River event was focused on how relevant many subjects to discuss and much to learn of Chicago recently in helping to launch been under-represented in clinical studies and in demand acupuncture and traditional together as health care professionals.” the “All of Us” research program awareness historically. Executive director of Asian Chinese medicine are to modern health care. In addition to direct health issues, campaign in Minnesota. “All of Us” is an Media Access Ange Hwang said, “Our Topics discussed included treatments of other topics that experts and professionals effort sponsored by the National Health communities cannot afford to miss in this autoimmune disease, rheumatoid arthritis, discussed at Great River included: social Institute to collect health-related data from landmark research, the scope is so huge, we inflammation, sleep disorders, concussions media, marketing and sustainable manage- U.S. residents “to accelerate research and have to alert our communities to actively and perimenopause. ment of health care practices. improve health” for all. join the movement.” “Modern health care is changing quick- For more than 75 years, NWHSU has The Hmongs are four times more prone Besides height and weight, participants ly,” said Dale Healey, dean of the College provided world-class professional educa- to kidney stones. Death from liver cancer will be asked to provide medical history of Health and Wellness at NWHSU. “Acu- tion and research as well as comprehensive for Asian Americans -Pacific Islanders are and lifestyle information. They also will puncture and traditional Chinese medicine health and wellness services. Its more than 60 percent higher than Caucasians, and be asked for a blood and urine sample. not only have a place at the table, they also 130 faculty members annually teach about Asian women have a cervical cancer inci- Participants will be able to access their are growing quickly in interest and demand. 6,500 students pursuing degrees and con- dence rate that is three times higher than study results, along with summarized data Today’s health consumers want to know tinuing education in accredited programs in Caucasian women. from across the program. All participants how treatments such as acupuncture and chiropractic, acupuncture, therapeutic mas- Press material said, “Far too many are awarded $25. traditional Chinese medicine can play a role sage, Chinese medicine, nutrition and other diseases do not have a proven means of Only program-approved researchers will in their health care as part of an integrative health treatments. Northwestern has more prevention or effective treatment. Precision have access to the data collected. The pro- approach to healing and wellness.” than 7,500 graduates throughout the U.S. Medicine is a revolutionary approach to dis- gram has engaged teams of experts to con- Dr. Lynn Gershan, assistant professor in and in 21 countries. It recently announced ease prevention and treatment that takes into duct rigorous security testing, established the Department of Pediatrics at the Univer- it is offering its first Doctor of Chinese account individual differences in lifestyle, safeguards against unintended release of sity of Minnesota Medical School, and an Medicine degree to students, blending an environment, and biology. Researchers will data, and set penalties for the unauthorized expert in integrative health care, provided understanding of classical approaches to use data from the program to learn more re-identification of participants. the event’s keynote address. Gershan also wellness and healing with modern applica- about how individual differences [sic] that If you’re interested in participating in is medical director of integrative health and tions in clinical and hospital settings. It can influence health and disease.” the program, please contact JoinAllofUs. well-being at the University of Minnesota is the first such program offered in Min- Since its launch in 2016, the program org | [email protected] or call Masonic Children’s Hospital. Her clinical nesota at a regionally accredited college or has collected data from more than 170,000 844-842-2855.♦ work includes supporting integrative health university. ♦ individuals. Unfortunately, only 2.5 per- approaches for children with medically www.chinainsight.info language May 2019 / PAGE 5 Chinese language English Chinese characters Pinyin That is… 那是… Nà shì… 那个是 Nà-ge shì… also heard as corner (漢語角落): Nèi-ge shì…. That is a person. 那是一个人。 Nà shì yíge rén. What is it? A pencil 一支铅笔 Yí-zhī qiānbĭ A ballpoint pen 一个圆珠笔 Yí-ge yuánzhūb¬ĭ By Pat Welsh, contributor A sheet of paper 一张纸 Yìzh¬āng zhĭ This month, we will learn how to ask and tell what something is, beginning with items A book 一本书 Yì-bĕn shū found in the home. A newspaper 一份报纸 Yí-fèn bàozhĭ A magazine 一本杂志 Yi-bĕn zázhì Grammatical notes Is it/this …? 这是…吗? Zhè shì…ma? 1. In this lesson, you will notice a one-syllable word that immediately follows numbers 这个是 … Zhège shì…ma? the word “几 jĭ“ (how many; several) and demonstrative pronouns. This word is called 这是不是… Zhè shì búshì… a “measure word” by linguists. In English we have similar words such as “piece” in Is it/that….? 那是…？ Nà shì…? the expressions “a piece of pie” or “bale” as in “a bale of hay.” Each Chinese noun 那个是…？ Nàge shì…? will be associated with a specific measure word. Which nouns go with which measure 那是不是…? Nà shì búshì… word will be dealt with in the vocabulary list and the sentences given below. 这是一张桌子吗? 2. The word “ yī” (one, a, an) is uttered in this tone only when it is uttered alone. When Zhè shì yìzh¬g zhuōzi ma? 这是不是一张桌子? yī directly occurs before another syllable, its tone changes. Before a fourth syllable Is this a table? Zhè shì búshì yìzhāng tone, yī changes to yí. Before all other tone syllables, yī changes to yì. zhuōzi? 3. The word bù “not” also changes its tone. The word bù remains as bù only when fol- Yes (correct). This is a table. 对, 这是一张桌子。 Duì, zhè shì yìzhāng zhuōzi. lowed by syllables uttered in the ā (high-level), á (mid-rising) and ă (dipping) tones. Yes (it is). This is a table. 是, 这是一张桌子。 Shì, zhè shì yìzhāng zhuōzi. Before another falling tone syllable, bù changes to bú. Is that a chair? 那是一把椅子吗? Nà shì yìbă yĭzi ma? 4. The word bù “not” also changes its tone. The word bù remains as bù only when fol- 那是不是一把椅子? Nà shì búshì yìbă yĭzi? lowed by syllables uttered in the ā (high-level), á (mid-rising) and ă (dipping) tones. Yes (correct). That is a chair. 对, 这是一把椅子。 Duì, nà shì yìbă yĭzi. Before another falling tone syllable, bù changes to bú . Yes (it is). That is a chair. 是, 这是一把椅子。 Shì, nà shì yìbă yĭzi. 5. The word “吗 ma, “uttered in the neutral tone, is a spoken question mark for yes-no type questions. One common way to change a declarative sentence into a question Pronunciation reminders is to simply add “吗 ma“ to the statement. For example: This is a book. 这是一本书 This system follows Chinese Pinyin with the exception that the letter “u” has two (Zhè shì yìbĕn shū), which can easily be converted to “Is this a book?” by adding “ pronunciations. Sometimes it has the value of ü (“ee” as in see with rounded lips). At 吗 ma” to the statement: 这是一本书吗？ Zhè shì yì bĕn shū ma? Another way of those times we use the symbol “ü” instead of Pinyin “u.” asking a question is to use a verb+not+verb construction. In this lesson “是不是 shì búshì” “Is it or is it not?” is an example of this construction. In this construction, the e Sound like the “a” in “above” or the “u” in “fun” spoken question mark “吗 ma” is not used. en sounds like the “un” in “fun” 6. The measure word “个 ge” is very commonly used with many different nouns. Al- eng sounds like the “ung” in “lung” though Chinese dictionaries list it as a high-falling tone word, it is almost always ut- jü sounds like “tjee” but the lips must be rounded, not spread. tered in the neutral tone when occurring after numbers and demonstrative pronouns. nǚ sounds almost like the English word “knee” but your lips must be rounded, With people, however, when the situation calls for respect, such as referring to doc- not spread. tors, police and other professionals, the measure word “位 wèi” is used instead. For ong The “o” here sounds much like the “oo” in “ooze” or “spoon”. example: Three people have arrived. 三个人来了。 Sān-ge rén láile. Three doctors q sounds like an aspirated tch; qin sounds like ”tcheen”. have come. 三位医生来了。 Sān-wèi yīshēng láile. qǜ sounds like “tchee” but said with rounded lips. 7. In Beijing and other places in China, and in many movies, the words “zhè (this),” “nà shi sounds almost like the “shir” in “shirt” (that)” and “nă (which)” all have different pronunciations from the Standard Mandarin. si sounds somewhat like sz, the vowel short, it is between “i” in “it” and “u” in These words may often be heard as “zhèi, nèi and nĕi“ respectively when they are “mut”. followed by a measure word. ü This is much like the “ee” in “see” but the vowel must be uttered with rounded lips. x sounds like a weak “sh”; xi sounds almost like English word “she”. Some of the vocabulary that we will be using require some zhong sounds like “tjoong” with the tip of the tongue curled back producing a slight explanation “r” -sound. zhong would almost sound like “tjroong”. z sounds like a “tz”. zi sounds almost like like dzih (ih is a very short buzzing Chinese Pinyin English i sound). Characters Tones bă 把 a measure word used with chairs and things with handles Using numbers: 5 = your normal high 4 = mid-high 3 = your normal mid pitch bĕn 本 a measure word used with books and magazines 2 = mid low pitch 1 = your normal low pitch bú, bù 不 not, no (See Grammatical Note 3 above.). Tone Description Notes fèn 份 a measure word used with newspapers ā High level pitch (55) Regarding Tone ă á Mid-Rising Tone (35) 1. When occurring directly before a general use measure word used with people many other ge 个 ă Dipping (213) another dipping tone, tone ă be nouns. à High falling pitch (51) comes tone á. Thus “hĕn hăo” ma 吗 a spoken question mark for yes-no type questions a An unstressed neutral tone. Following (very good) changes to “hén hăo” other syllables, syllables in this tone 2. Occurring directly before any zhăn 盏 a measure word used with lamps tend to be slightly lower that of the other tone, tone ă will change to a a measure word used with most furniture and things in previous syllable. The lone exception mid-falling tone zhāng 张 sheets such as paper. is when it occurs after tone ă when the Regarding tone à a measure word used with animals, stick-like objects such neutral tone is often slightly higher. When occurring before another à zhī 张 as pens and pencils. tone, the first tone à reduces its fall to 53 Next month, we will continue with this topic of introducing other items found in the English Chinese characters Pinyin home, school or office. ♦ What is this? 这是什么？ Zhè shì shénme? About Pat Welsh 这个是什么？ Zhè-ge shì shénme? also heard as Zhèi-ge shì shénme? In 2009 while teaching English at Sichuan University, Welsh was asked to give a speech where he was introduced to the audience as a “pioneer of Chinese American relations” as a result of his 那是什么？ What is that? Nà shì shénme? cooperative work in international banking during the Deng Xiaoping era. For more than 65 years, 那个是什么？ Nà-ge shì shéme? also heard as Welsh has been learning Chinese and has used this knowledge both professionally and personally Nèi-ge shì shénme? to enhance his understanding of Chinese and Asian affairs. He uses Beijing Mandarin most fre- This is… 这是… Zhè shì… quently when meeting with senior Chinese government officials when conducting business in China. 这个是… Zhè-ge shì … also heard as For 17 years, Welsh taught Chinese, German and Spanish in two local high schools. Now Zhèi-ge shì … fully retired, he currently resides in Georgia where he used to lecture on China to a number of classes at Dunwoody High School. This is a person. 这是一个人。 Zhè shì yíge rén. PAGE 6 / May 2019 community www.chinainsight.info C100 celebrated 30 years of work on U.S.-China relations

More than after an agreement, fewer are prioritizing the two countries are distinctly different in their them as leaders. 700 people and United States than their American counter- paths to development. Huang concluded, The closing keynote by the Honorable 25 media orga- parts are in their approach to China.” “Frankly speaking, these opinions have Kevin Rudd, president of Asia Society’s nizations par- Wang kicked off the weekend by look- lost sight of how much China and the U.S. Policy Institute and 26th Prime Minister of ticipated at the ing to the future evolution of U.S.-China have benefitted from each other’s devel- Australia, reflected on the historic nature Committee of relations and the underlying role C100 will opment, and how much they can achieve of the U.S.-China relationship, noting that 100’s (C100) play. “C100 is in a very special position to together by a shared vision and a common diplomacy and mutual self-interest had al- 30th Anniver- serve as a trusted bridge and provide our responsibility.” lowed the relationship not just to survive sary Annual understanding of our 30 years of work in this Congresswoman Grace Meng, U.S. but to prosper. He also cautioned, “Let us Gala and Con- area for how the U.S. and China can build a Representative to New York's 6th District, be very careful when this country legiti- ference in New York City the weekend of more positive and constructive future,” he commented that Asian Americans are still mately conducts its national debate on the April 13-14. Some 50 CEOs came together said. “The work is going to be challeng- constantly underrepresented in so many future of its China strategy, Republican or to discuss hot-button issues, opportunities ing but I truly believe that these two great fields and major decision making, but are Democrat. Let us not create an atmosphere and the current outlook surrounding the nations, two great countries, and two great making progress and that is “thanks to so where those who are Chinese Americans U.S.-China relationship, including political peoples will find a way to come out with a many of you here today.” are in any way placed under a cloud of and geostrategic considerations, trade and cooperative and collaborative resolution to Five individuals (Yo-Yo Ma, I.M. Pei, suspicion. We must stand firm against the economics, culture and entertainment, and face this new challenge.” Henry Tang, Oscar Tang and Shirley Young) appearance of anything which resembles a technology. Former U.S. Secretary of the Treasury also were recognized for their vision to co- new McCarthyism.” C100, the nonprofit U.S. leadership Lawrence H. Summers was a keynote found C100. Ma spoke of the connection There also were conference panels organization of prominent and extraor- speaker, noting that successful U.S.-China between the founding of C100 and today’s held on a variety of issues: “Reflections dinary Chinese Americans in business, relations in regard to information technol- U.S.-China relationship. He said, “Three and Outlook from Former U.S. Ambas- government, academia and the arts, hosted ogy and life sciences could usher in marked decades later, the need for bridge-building is sadors,” “The Rise of China Biopharma: a CEO & Leaders Forum Debate on April improvements in the human condition – and greater than ever. The work is not finished. Opportunity, Threat or Both?” “Fintech or 5 prior to the gala, and separately released that without cooperation, the first half of the I’m here tonight as a musician, a citizen and Techfin? What’s Next for Global Financial a global company survey with the U.S.- 21st century could be sobering and caution- a member of the Committee to remind us all Services?” “The Human Connection: China China Business Council (USCBC). The ary. Summers remarked, “The challenge is of the essential role that culture plays not and America in Culture and Entertainment” survey revealed industry leaders from the before us, I believe that it is one that will just in understanding or building bridges but and “New Engines for U.S.-China Eco- U.S. and China are cautiously optimistic be met, but it is one that will be met not in defining our common future.” He con- nomic Prosperity.” on future prospects for their businesses, but automatically, but with the kind of leader- cluded, “Cultural evolution will be a main On April 7, C100 released a statement have mixed views on whether commercial ship represented by the Committee of 100.” force driving our future, we are therefore condemning racial profiling on Sunday, relations will return to where they were prior Ambassador Huang Ping, Consul Gen- the architects of that future.” April 7. (See below) to current tensions. eral of the People’s Republic of China in David Rubenstein, co-founder and co- Next year’s Annual Conference will take C100 Chairman H. Roger Wang noted New York, noted that even as trade, eco- executive chairman of The Carlyle Group, place in Los Angeles. the survey results indicate more should be nomic, and people-to-people exchanges are moderated a fireside chat with tech titans, To see the full program and list of speak- done to stabilize the business environment in full swing, there are growing misgivings featuring Chang and Bill McDermott, CEO ers, please visit https://www.committee100. for American and Chinese companies. about China’s national policy and long-term of SAP. These global icons with extensive org/2019acny/. ♦ “While Chinese companies are more con- strategic intentions, with some arguing that U.S.-China involvement, spoke about their fident that business will return to normal the U.S. should disengage with China as the personal experiences and how that shaped

Commentary Committee of 100 condemns Chinese American racial profiling

[NEW YORK, April 7, 2019] – The that all Chinese students and researchers mented in the annals of human history that members of the Committee of 100 — all represented a “whole of society” threat to has understandably led to some anxiety for The Committee of 100 (C100) is United States citizens — are compelled to the American way of life. Although he had Americans. There are legitimate concerns a non-profit U.S. leadership organi- stand up and speak out against the racial pro- a chance to clarify, he chose to reiterate that the United States, and we, as Americans, zation of prominent and extraordi- filing that has become increasingly common that he meant what he had said: in his eyes, can have and express about China’s policies nary Chinese Americans in business, in the United States where Chinese Ameri- every person of Chinese descent was to be and practices. There also are instances of in- government, academia, and the cans are being targeted as potential traitors, distrusted. Likewise, some leading China appropriate, even illegal, conduct by persons arts. Founded by world-renowned spies, and agents of foreign influence. Even watchers have expressed similar sentiments. of Chinese heritage. The American ideal, architect I.M. Pei and internationally as we celebrate the 30th anniversary of our They have warned that Chinese American however, is the presumption of innocence, acclaimed cellist Yo-Yo Ma, among nonprofit organization, committed to our organizations may be used by China’s due process, and the right of all individuals others, it is an institution of U.S. dual missions of a constructive U.S.-China government for illicit activities. The more to express themselves without fear of guilt citizens of Chinese heritage. For 30 engagement and the full equality and inclu- sophisticated have disavowed any intent by association, especially on a racial basis. years, C100 has served as a preemi- sion of Chinese Americans, our community to stereotype. For Chinese Americans, The Committee of 100 was established nent organization committed to the has come under attack again. In the last however, the impact has already been chill- in the belief that Chinese Americans could dual missions of promoting the full few years, a few high American govern- ing and negative: in scientific, business, play a unique role in bridge building. As participation of Chinese Americans ment officials, respected media outlets, and political, academic and government circles, Americans who appreciate China through in all aspects of American life and opinion leaders have stated or suggested Chinese Americans are reporting being our heritage, we can and will continue to fa- constructive relations between the that all Chinese persons in America should subject to greater scrutiny and discrimina- cilitate the constructive engagement which United States and Greater China. be suspected of wrongdoing. Overzealous tory treatment in their work and daily lives. has defined U.S.-China relations since “ping www.committee100.org criminal prosecutions in recent years of in- Racial profiling is wrong and un-American pong diplomacy.” We will also continue to nocent individuals such as Sherry Chen and in our nation of democracy. It is impera- fight for Chinese American equality through Xiaoxing Xi, like Wen Ho Lee before them, tive that those who are committed to the civic engagement and speaking out against have embarrassingly fallen apart, while ruin- civil rights of all Americans disavow this discrimination and injustice. By standing up ing lives for no reason. Such targeting of kind of broad-brush racial stereotyping and and speaking out for what is right and just, individuals based on their ethnic heritage or fear-mongering. Chinese Americans can help lead the way national origin violates our shared American Since normalization of relations between in answering the call that is always before ideals. It simply has to stop. the United States and China four decades us as Americans: to embody more perfectly More than a year ago, the director of the ago, we have witnessed an economic the ideals and principles of this great nation FBI testified before Congress to the effect transformation in China never before docu- we call home. ♦ www.chinainsight.info government & politics May 2019 / PAGE 7 Pitfalls for STEM professionals: economic espionage, national security, racial bias? By Sam Cleveland, contributor

Is the United States Department of Jus- descent, having started in 1994 as a state Contrary to this supposition, however, Bratt explained that while there may be a real tice targeting ethnic Chinese in economic district court judge and now serving as a stated that the goal of the China Initiative “China threat,” overreaction to it is just as espionage cases? If so, is such targeting U.S. Magistrate Judge chambered in Minne- is not to target Chinese people. After citing real and can cause grave consequences, such justified, or does it represent yet another apolis. Leung is a leading voice on diversity, examples of people prosecuted for theft of as a “brain drain” from the United States. noxious instance of American authorities inclusion and community outreach, and only trade secrets, he insisted that even though Following the three panelists’ presenta- using racial or ethnic profiling? Is the gov- a few days earlier had been the featured the people in the examples were of Chinese tions, it was already 8:30 p.m. — the stated ernment targeting Chinese people at all, or speaker at a panel on judicial diversity at the ethnicity, they were not targeted because of ending time for the event. After noting this, are ethnic Chinese just more likely to be University of Minnesota Law School. The their ethnicity. To the contrary, he argued, Leung asked the panelists what progress, if caught up in economic espionage? judge, born in Cantonese-speaking Hong anyone doing what they were doing would any, has been made in racial profiling. Sun, These were just some of the many thorny Kong, began with a few deliberately read have been investigated and prosecuted. answering first, sounded a pessimistic note, and difficult-to-answer questions addressed sentences in Mandarin, and then humor- The next panelist to speak, Brian A. stating that history repeats itself and Asian on the evening of April 4 at the event titled ously explained his worry that program Sun of Jones Day’s Los Angeles office and Americans are likely to continue being “Pitfalls for All STEM Professionals in a attendee Margaret Wong, the unofficial dean who was on the criminal defense team of subjected to profiling in the future. Bratt New Era of US-China Relations” at the of Mandarin-language teachers in Minne- Lee and lawyer on his subsequently suc- followed, and perhaps more so attempting McNamara Alumni Center on the University sota, would correct his tones. cessful civil lawsuit, was highly doubtful to rebut Sun’s and Zeidenberg’s presenta- of Minnesota campus. This program was Leung then introduced the Honorable of Bratt’s argument. “If this were France tions, spoke of the fact that the DOJ has a co-sponsored by the United States District Michael J. Davis, who spoke on behalf instead of China, there is no question that “grave responsibility” to avoid repeating the Court for the District of Minnesota, the Fed- of the United States District Court for the the Department of Justice wouldn’t have a mistakes that led to “real life horror stories” eral Bar Association’s Minnesota Chapter, District of Minnesota. Judge Davis, who ‘France initiative,’” Sun stated early in his such as those experienced by Lee and Xi. University of Minnesota China Center, and had served on the little known but very speech. Further explaining his skepticism Supporting Bratt and the government’s Kingsfield Law Office. powerful Foreign Intelligence Surveillance of the claimed innocence of the China Ini- perspective, Jason Vanthomme, supervisory The evening began with a reception of Act Court when Dr. Wen Ho Lee’s case tiative, Sun said, “In this country, national special agent of FBI Headquarters Counter- approximately 200 attendees, half of whom broke, noted the importance of community security trumps racial profiling every day intelligence Division, spoke of the work by appeared to be of Asian descent, including outreach to the Courts, and explained that of the week.” federal law enforcement agents in this field. many recognizable leaders of Minnesota’s such outreach helps achieve the Court’s Sun’s presentation had a distinct histori- Although time had already run out, Chinese community. Guests mingled with goal to be open, transparent, viable, and to cal flavor. He noted that Asian Americans Leung quipped, “Let’s get one audience the panelists, speakers and moderator in further the understanding of the rule of law have long been viewed suspiciously in the question so we can say we did the Q and the McNamara Center’s foyer over drinks to all communities. United States and have been singled out in A.” Dr. Kin Lun asked Bratt whether there and hors d’oeuvres. One could hear many Finally, First Assistant U.S. Attorney being questioned about their loyalty to this are any safeguards in place to make sure the tongues, proof of the diversity of the at- for the District of Minnesota W. Anders country. To support this claim, Sun cited DOJ doesn’t act discriminatorily, to which tendees. Folk spoke, highlighting how the issues at the Red Scare, the 1996 campaign finance Bratt responded in part by citing the 14th play in this discussion lie at the controversy alleging that China tried to Amendment of the Constitution. intersection of national security influence the 1996 presidential election, the Ultimately, although the discussion was and law. Professor Chang Wang Cox Report, and the case against Lee. Al- interesting, one got the sense that the panel- and attorney Benjamin Kwan though these cases reflect the United States’ ists were often talking past each other. Bratt then introduced the panelists. broader skepticism and fear of China, Sun focused on the comparatively mundane and Overall, the introductions pro- went further and specifically implicated the unobjectionable cases that his department vided helpful context, but also Department of Justice for perpetuating and investigates and prosecutes regularly. Sun took time away from the more reinforcing these fears. He referenced Judge and Zeidenberg focused on the extreme interesting discussion that fol- James A. Parker’s statements to Lee at the cases that spark outrage. The manner in lowed. end of the criminal trial, in which the judge which the material was presented (and The first member of the panel apologized for imposing harsh pre-trial surely the shortage of time contributed to to speak was Jay Bratt, chief confinement and voiced he felt he had been this) may have led some to infer that these of the Counterintelligence and “led astray” by the government. extreme cases of profiling and violation of Export Control Section of the Sun ended with some advice for the rights are more common than they are. In Joan Brzezinski, executive director of the China Center, National Security Division of the STEM majors and professionals in the audi- this sense the discussion was unfulfilling. kicked off the program Department of Justice. Bratt first ence: “Don’t be stupid.” This phrase, which Relatedly, the panelists did not discuss a gave an overview of his duties at Sun repeated numerous times, emphasized core issue implicated by this topic — what The event started exactly at 6:45 p.m. the DOJ before explaining his department’s STEM professionals should be open and can be called the “chicken and egg prob- a hint of the tight time constraints on an “China Initiative” which, as he explained, is transparent about their affiliations and ac- lem.” What came first, the alleged profiling ambitious program aimed at introducing designed to address the “China threat.” He tivities, especially since they will “have a or the crimes? The program for the event to STEM professionals in Minnesota the explained that China is currently the most big target on [their] backs” due to alleged notes that “China was involved in 90 percent challenges and traps to avoid when working aggressive country in terms of trying to ethnic profiling. of all economic espionage cases handled by within 21st century Sino-American rela- convince people to commit espionage, citing While it is unknown what Bratt, whose the Department of Justice over the last seven tional realities. Joan Brzezinski, executive recent cases like Kevin Mallory, Ron Rock- employer was directly implicated by Sun’s years.” A core question that seems to follow director of the University of Minnesota’s well Hansen, and Jerry Chun Shing Lee. presentation, may have thought of Sun’s from this is whether this percent of cases China Center, kicked off the introductions. remarks, when Sun sat down is proportional to the amount of economic After her, Meredith McQuaid, associate after his comments, the two, espionage committed by various countries. vice president and dean of International despite sitting right next to each One could imagine a scenario where China Programs at the University of Minne- other, didn’t make eye contact or really commits this much economic es- sota discussed the long history between exchange pleasantries. The three pionage compared to other countries and the University and China. She noted that panelists know and respect each that they’re being prosecuted for their fair interchange between the United States other, but that moment in the share of economic espionage. This would and China runs both ways, establishing a program suggested the compet- seem a rather inoffensive state of things. strong connection — the University has ing interests of this thorny topic. But if China commits, say, 40 percent of long sent students to study in China and The final panelist was Peter all economic espionage against the United more than 2,500 Chinese students are cur- R. Zeidenberg, of Arent Fox in States, but the prosecutions of cases involv- rently enrolled here. McQuaid noted that Washington, D.C., who has de- ing China account for 90 percent, it would although there has sometimes been skepti- fended many ethnic Chinese and seem inequitable, unfair, and odious. This cism of China, it’s important for China and Left to right: Jason Vanthomme, Jay Bratt, Brian Sun, others against government crimi- core question was left largely unanswered. the United States to understand each other Peter Zeidenberg, Judge Tony Leung nal accusations. He shared his The time constraints on a Thursday and work toward common goals, and she experience working on the case evening program taking on such a complex highlighted the unique role the University One begins to wonder whether Bratt of Dr. Xiaoxing Xi, the former chairperson topic also impacted the “panel discussion” plays in this. intentionally cited two cases of Caucasians of Temple University’s Physics Department. aspect of the event. True interactive discus- The moderator for the night, the Hon- committing espionage to head off prophy- Zeidenberg led off by showing the “60 orable Tony N. Leung, spoke next. Judge lactically criticism that this China Initiative Minutes” segment dedicated to the investi- Leung is Minnesota’s first judge of Asian is engaged in the targeting of ethnic Chinese. gation and prosecution of Xi. Zeidenberg Continues on page 14 PAGE 8 / May 2019 arts & culture www.chinainsight.info Asian Art Museum presents “The Bold Brush of Au Ho-Nien

continually evolves and offers visitors new ways to connect with a traditional genre.” Au Ho-nien represents the third genera- tion of the Lingnan school and is considered its leading figure, succeeding Chao Shao-an. He currently maintains his primary studio in Taipei, Taiwan, where he has trained thou- sands of students and ensured the continuity of the Lingnan school. “In many ways, Au’s paintings of people and animals are his most impactful because he paints elements of himself into the fig- ures,” says Xu. “What you’re really seeing is a vivid portrait of the artist, one that speaks directly to us, his audience, with the grace, Eagles Perching on a Pine Tree, 1986, by Au Ho-nien (b. 1935). Chinese. Ink and colors warmth and above all that bit of sly humor on paper. Collection of Yicui Shantang. which has made him such an inspirational [SAN FRANCISCO] -- Steely-eyed to innovate across a range of subjects: from teacher and master of his ‘bold brush.’” eagles perched on pines, sea spray churning animals and landscapes to expressive figures Highlights of the exhibition, which against a rocky shore, the knowing gaze of plucked from millennia of Chinese literature is composed entirely of vertical hanging a well-fed monk, and — what’s this? — a and history. This is the first solo exhibition scrolls, include the vigorous “Old Steed“ tiny car in the corner of a vast mountain of Au’s work at the Asian Art Museum. from 2018, which showcases Au’s ability range, chugging along as peaks loom in “Au Ho-nien embodies the best of what to handle realistic nature subjects; “Wu mists above. All the drama of life contained the Lingnan school represents, skillfully the Elder Selling Pancakes” from 1980, an in eloquent strokes of ink. “The Bold Brush combining the humanistic spirit and tech- excellent example of the expressiveness of of Au Ho-nien,“ an original exhibition at the niques of traditional Chinese fine art with his portraits; the wide format “Gulls Soaring Asian Art Museum on view from May 31 Western aesthetics to create what scholars over Sea Spray” from 1986, which reveals to Aug. 18, 2019, will showcase 22 scroll describe as an ‘eclectic fusion,’” says Dr. Au’s fluency with landscape as well as his paintings from the decades-long career Jay Xu, director and CEO of the Asian Art characteristically dynamic calligraphy; of the Au Ho-nien, beloved master of the Museum. “Visitors to ‘The Bold Brush’ will and “Scenery Around Taroko Gorge” from Wu the Elder Selling Pancakes, 1980. Ink Lingnan school. be the first to see many fresh works from 2018, with the car detail mentioned above, and colors on paper. Lingnan means “South of the Moun- Au, who is easily one of the most celebrated that nods to Au’s timeliness and essential Additional support is provided by the Chi- tains” in Chinese, and the Lingnan school of living ink wash painters and continues to playfulness. nese Arts Association of San Francisco. ♦ painting originated in the Guangdong area surprise and delight his audiences in new Due to the ongoing museum transforma- in the south of China at the end of the 19th ways.” tion project, the Asian Art Museum’s collec- About the Asian Art Museum century. The founders sought to advance the “Because Au is a household name for tion galleries of Chinese paintings will be The Asian Art Museum–Chong-Moon Lee conservative tendencies of late Imperial ink those who love Chinese brush painting — closed for refurbishment while “The Bold Center for Asian Art and Culture is one of painting by incorporating unconventional especially San Francisco’s Chinese Ameri- Brush of Au Ho-nien” is on view. San Francisco's premier arts institutions and influences from around the world. Now can community — we worked closely with “The Bold Brush of Au Ho-nien“ is home to a world-renowned collection of centered in Hong Kong and Taiwan, as the artist to select paintings that we feel organized by the Asian Art Museum of San more than 18,000 Asian art treasures from well as many places across the mainland, reflect the ecological and cultural diversity Francisco. Presentation is made possible throughout Asia spanning 6,000 years of his- Lingnan painters have always been proud of of the Bay Area,” says Li He, exhibition with the generous support of The Akiko tory. Through rich art experiences, centered their southern, regional identity as measured organizer and Asian Art Museum associate Yamazaki and Jerry Yang Fund for Excel- on historic and contemporary artworks, the against classical Chinese painting. curator of Chinese art. “From nature scenes lence in Exhibitions and Presentations and Asian Art Museum unlocks the past for “The Bold Brush” includes nine new and animal portraits to mythical charac- The Tan Family Education Foundation. This visitors, bringing it to life while serving as artworks created especially for this exhi- ters that convey both the timeless and the exhibition is a part of Today's Asian Voices, a catalyst for new art, new creativity and bition in 2018, demonstrating how Au, a forward-looking spirit of the region, “The which is made possible with the generous new thinking. ♦ living legend now in his eighties, continues Bold Brush“ makes it clear that ink-based art support of Salle E. Yoo and Jeffrey P. Gray.

Community Book talk: “Chinese-ness” by Wing Young Huie By Pearl Lam Bergad, Chinese Heritage Foundation, contributor country from Tan- Lake Street U.S.A. and University Avenue premiere production of “The Paper Dreams Shan, Guangdong projects. He showed us a particularly poi- of Harry Chin,” Huie has given prominence Province in China gnant example, that of a white mother and to this still frequently taboo and painful when he was very her African American adopted daughter. topic. The descendants of paper sons and young. He worked After having photographed them when the daughters no longer need to hide. very hard, saved his daughter was a baby, he found them again The Chinese Heritage Foundation is money, returned to on the daughter’s wedding day many years delighted to have been an underwriter of TanShan to marry later. The juxtaposition of these then-and- the printing of Huie’s new book and is On the afternoon of March 31, the and came back to work hard again. It was now photographs shows overwhelming thrilled that he had just won a Minnesota Chinese Heritage Foundation’s Sunday only after many such cycles before he was emotions that only an artist who has estab- Book Award in the Memoir and Creative Tea Series presented photographer Wing able to finally bring his wife and children lished a close relationship with his subjects Nonfiction category. We now recall Huie’s Young Huie in a talk on his career and his over here. Wing Young was the only one can reveal. Chinese name: 许永扬. In giving him this new book, “Chinese-ness, The Meaning of of his six children who was born in this For his new book ”Chinese-ness,” Huie name, his parents wished that long may his Identity and the Nature of Belonging.” country. added a new concept: what if? In the “I am work and mission spread out over the big Huie had invited us to meet at his studio, Over the course of his absorbing pre- You” chapter, there are photographs of dif- wide world. Their wish is now coming true. the Third Place Gallery, located in the heart sentation, Huie took us through the major ferent people he had encountered in China, The Chinese Heritage Foundation was of south Minneapolis. Fifty of us were phases of his photographic journey as well and then himself in their clothes. A special founded to preserve and promote, through seated in a semi-circle, bathed with natural as that of his search for his own identity. He dimension has been added to the ambigu- grant making, the understanding of Chinese light from the studio’s store-front windows showed us numerous examples of being a ity of identity, a subject of later chapters in history, culture and heritage among Minne- and surrounded by Huie’s large photographs street photographer, asking his subjects, all the book. sotans. For information about the Chinese on two long brick walls. ` strangers to him and often to each other, Another topic Huie explores in his book Heritage Foundation and its upcoming Huie began his presentation by talk- to write their thoughts on a chalk board is paper sons and daughters. Continuing the events, please visit ing about his father, who first came to this (aka his Chalk Talks). Thus, was born his project that he began at the History Theatre’s ChineseHeritageFoundation.org. ♦ www.chinainsight.info arts & culture May 2019 / PAGE 9 Empresses of China’s Forbidden City, 1644–1912 NOW HIRING Date: Through June 23, 2019 Location: Sackler, gallery 24 at 1050 Independence Avenue SW, JOIN OUR TEAM OF Washington, D.C. 650+ EMPLOYEES! Running Aces is hiring for full time, part time and seasonal positions in many departments: Food & Beverage, Kitchen, Security, Card Room, Track and Grounds, Custodial, Cash Services, Mutuels & Guest Service. RA offers competitive wages, bonus eligible positions, shift differential pay, meal incentives and more!

Five of the approximately two dozen Qing empresses featured in the exhibition (L to R): Xiaozhuang (1613-1688), Dowager Chongqing (1693-1777), Xiaoxian (1712-1748), Dowager Ci’an 1837-1881), Dowager Cixi (1835-1908)

When an empress or any consort was presses in the imperial complex known as chosen to enter the imperial palace, she had the Forbidden City. to pledge allegiance to the imperial family The empresses’ significance in shaping and sever all ties to her natal family. She Qing history is told through the objects became imperial property. made for, about, and by them. Dispelling a The lives of the Qing Dynasty em- common misapprehension that the women presses offer a compelling tale of opulence were passive figures, the exhibition breaks and influence as told in this first-ever, in- stereotypes of them as being merely glam- Visit RunAces.com for a list of all depth exhibition of the subject. Explored orous or subservient wives. Instead, these are the myriad experiences of empresses, women frequently traveled, rode horses, available positions and to apply today! from marriage, state duty, physical activity and performed myriad royal duties, from and motherhood to festivities, fashionable playing a dynamic role in the imperial living and religious devotion. family to being praised as the “Mother The empresses’ vital presence through- of the State.” Many empresses expressed out the 260-year course of the Qing ambition, displayed intelligence, and some Dynasty (1644-1912) is brought to light challenged protocol — even the tradition through an unprecedented assembly of that “women shall not rule.” The exhibition spectacular objects. allows us to see how these women exerted Empresses were surrounded by sump- influence in the arts, religion, politics, tuous objects that befitted their esteemed and diplomacy. By reclaiming multiple status at court, their responsibilities, and dimensions of their lives, we also direct their pleasures. Supplied by the imperial attention to the broader issue that women’s household, these objects were considered accomplishments are too often left untold. to be court property, not personal belong- Most of the artworks in the exhbit are ings. When an empress died, palace staff from the Palace Museum, and many have returned many of the objects to the store- never been exhibited outside of China. house for possible reassignment to another Curators from Freer|Sackler and the Pea- woman of similar status. Ultimately, this body travelled to Beijing and collaborated practice helped preserve a rich variety with Palace Museum staff for four years of material that today provides valuable on research and in selecting pieces for this insight into the lives of Qing empresses. extraordinary exhibition, which is orga- This exhibit features royal portraits, nized by the Peabody Essex Museum in paintings depicting court life, seals and Salem, Massachusetts; the Freer|Sackler in symbols of imperial power, Buddhist sutras Washington, D.C.; and the Palace Museum and other objects of religious devotion, in Beijing (better known as the Forbidden along with costumes, jewelry, tableware, City), China, in celebration of 40 years of and furniture that were used by the em- U.S.-China diplomatic relations. ♦ Left: Hair ornament with dragons (pearls, coral, kingfisher feather and silver), circa 19th century.

Silk satin embroidered platform shoe Gold alloy empress seal with box, tray, with silk tassels. The wooden platform is lock key and plaques with silk tassels, covered with cotton and glass beads. Circa circa 1922. 1875-1908. PAGE 10 / May 2019 history www.chinainsight.info

Chinese American WWII Recognition Project Veteran Registration Instructions All Chinese American WWII Veterans and/or their family requesting consideration for the Congressional Gold Medal must complete the intake form at www.caww2.org so that the military service of the said Chinese American WWII Veteran can be reviewed and confirmed by Verification Committee.

METHODOLOGY Verification (via submission of any items in (i) or (ii) (highest priority in item (ii) as numbered): i. A Veteran’s name and service appears in the enlistment and/or draft record in the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) WWII records. ii. A Veteran’s military service can also be verified by other primary sources, including: 1. Submission of the Veteran’s Honorable Discharge or Separation Papers; 2. American Legion and/or Veteran of Foreign War membership rosters; 3. Other veteran organization roll call and/or publications; 4. Photograph of Veteran in U.S. military uniform and confirmed by Verification Committee; 5. Submission of letters which confirm military service from a state or federal agency; 6. Submission of letters home to family and/or friends from a WWII Theatre of War; 7. Submission of newspaper articles identifying the Veteran as having served in WWII; 8. Verifiable artifacts with name and/or serial number of Veteran 9. Other online registries for WWII Veterans; 10. Participation on Library of Congress Veterans History Project.

SUBMISSION GUIDELINES A. Scans: 1. Documents and images must be scanned at a minimum of 600 dpi (dots per inch) or in black and white. 2. Color images are acceptable but NOT preferred as color photos were not readily available in the 1940s and may alter the context of the image. 3. If you do not own or have access to a scanner, please go to any of the following possible resources to scan documents and images (do not send cell phone camera images): a. University and college libraries; b. Public Library – please check with your neighborhood library before going; c. Retail outlets such as Kinko’s/FedEx, UPS Stores & Office Depot/OfficeMax; d. Family member or friend. B. Release Form: Publicly available Veteran’s data and images (via NARA or other public domain sites) submitted in any fashion to Chinese American Citizens Alliance for inclusion into the Recognition Project’s database shall be for the purpose of verifying a Veteran’s eligibility to receive this Congressional Gold Medal and for non-commercial purposes of disseminating information to the public about merits of the Project. A release form from C.A.C.A. shall be requested from submitters of Veterans’ documents should the scope extend into ventures where the use of any documents, photographs, etc. (not available via NARA or other public domain sites) be used for the creation of commercial ventures about Chinese American WWII Veterans.

NOW IT'S UP TO YOU. . . • Spread the word to ensure all eligible veterans are registered • Make a donation www.caww2.org

Banner vector created by freepik - www.freepik.com www.chinainsight.info books May 2019 / PAGE 11 “The Great Firewall of China: How to Build and Control an Alternative Version of the Internet” by James Griffiths Reviewed by Peter Gordon, Asian Review of Books, March 16, 2019

Publisher: Zed Books Publication date: March 2019 Softcover: 288 pages

Griffiths was born and grew up in North Wales. He attended university in Liverpool before moving first to Shanghai and then Hong Kong.

As a journalist, Griffiths has reported for CNN International, the Atlantic, Vice, and the Daily Beast.

He is currently based in Hong Kong and was previously a reporter and assistant editor at the South China Morning Post, where he played a key role in the paper’s award-winning coverage of the 2014 Umbrella Movement protests in Hong Kong.

“The Great Firewall of China” is his first book.

Many potential readers of James point. The book is however perhaps longer nectivity that allow us to communicate and enough tech expertise to implement such Griffiths’ new book well have had direct than it need be. There are some sections share files and information across oceans switches on their own. experience of the “Great Firewall of China” that seem tangential to the line of argu- is what allows trans-oceanic hacking and In the end, it seems Griffiths sees the of the title. But that doesn’t mean they won’t ment, such as the first-person description of the viral distribution of “fake news.” The “Great Firewall of China” more as a lesson find the book useful. Griffiths stitches events Hong Kong’s 2014 “umbrella revolution”: cell-phone towers that allow cellular internet about the internet itself than a story about and issues, most of which are — individu- Griffiths seems intent that the reader know access all the time and everywhere also cap- China per se. He disparages both the western ally — reasonably well-known, into a coher- he was there. ture data about the receiver’s movements. “big tech” and the “hyper-controlled” Chi- ent narrative. The result is a readable, well- But stylistic pros and cons aside, “The This conundrum extends beyond the inter- nese models, pinning his hopes on documented history of the internet in China. Great Firewall of China’s” recapitulation net: the facial recognition technology that The book’s strength is in Griffiths’ of the history, and discussion of how many is a security feature on some new phones an alternative vision, one of a user- measured tone — this is no polemic — and of the best-laid plans went awry, is a good also allows governments to pick faces out controlled, transparent and dem- general even-handedness. He is as critical jumping-off place for, if one likes, discus- of CCTV images. ocratic internet built around the — more despairing than scathing — of the sion of the “larger issues.” Griffiths’ own Griffiths seems more interested in how technology’s original promises – of American tech industry as he is of Chinese framing is contained in his subtitle: “How these contradictions manifest themselves in freedom, education and international government policy and notes that much to Build and Control an Alternative Version the “alternate version” of the internet than solidarity – not the pursuit of profit or of the technical apparatus used to enforce of the Internet,” alternate, that is, to the in their nature. He does however discuss top-down control. China’s restrictive version of the Internet free-wheeling libertarian ethos of internet one in particular: encryption. Telegram, was supplied, at least initially, by American pioneers, an ideology than even in the US a Russia-developed encrypted messaging Good luck. ♦ firms. When he quotes Chinese leaders and now seems more breached than honored. platform, was quickly adopted by activists, commentators on the need to control the The particular details of the Chinese dissidents and others who wished to keep Internet, he places them in the context of a internet aside, one of the consequences is the their communications secret. Unfortunately, About the reviewer reminder that potential balkanization of the global internet the evidence is that it was also adopted by successive US presidents, from Clin- into national, government-controlled webs terrorists. Peter Gordon is the editor of The Asian ton to Bush to Obama, hailed the in- with only restricted and restrictive con- Once Griffiths leaves China, he some- Review of Books and founder of Hong ternet as a tool for spreading economic nections between them. This violates what times claims — or perhaps implies — more Kong’s online bookseller Paddyfield. He and political liberalisation around the some might consider the entire point of the than that seems entirely proven. In the Tele- set up and was the inaugural Chair of the world. internet, but in China as (one dares say) gram chapter, subtitled “China helps Russia Man Asian Literary Prize and was one of elsewhere, the internet is now primarily a bring Telegram to heel,” he writes that the founders and organizers of the original Griffiths writes in a fluent, storytelling lifestyle service, rather than a vehicle for the Hong Kong International Literary Festival. style, making use of the journalistic-style exercise of personal liberty. Chinese content thanks to the expertise of Chinese cen- He has also been involved in interna- vignettes (e.g. “In the summer of 1988, probably suffices for almost everyone. The sors and Chinese equipment guarding tional trade and investment development, Dan Haig was feeling directionless”) that political and social curbs placed on foreign the borders to Russia’s internet, such and set up the Russian Trade Association now seem de rigueur in books that might internet services have also delivered protec- a block was as simple as pressing a (a chamber of commerce) in Hong Kong otherwise purport to be analytical. These tionist competitive advantages to Chinese button. in 1994. He wrote regular editorial columns add color if not necessarily evidence; at least tech firms. for Hong Kong's English-language dailies Griffiths does it well. The technical passages But the problems that Griffiths enumer- In a book filled with footnotes, this for several years and is co-author of the on, for example, the various international ates, and even more than he does not, are statement, and others regarding Chinese recently published “The Silver Way: China, organizations that struggle for international inherent in the technology. The flipside of “exports,” are unsourced. Perhaps it’s true Spanish America and the Birth of Globali- control over the internet or how domain ease of communication is that the communi- that China was directly involved, but Rus- satiion, 1565-1815.” name routing works, are clear and to the cations are easier to monitor. The same con- sia has, one would have thought, more than PAGE 12 / May 2019 immigration www.chinainsight.info Pulling up the welcome mat: America is becoming a less welcoming place for many Chinese nationals By James Cutchin, Dec. 17, 2018, US-China Today

U.S. President Donald Trump’s con- al Association for Foreign Student Advisers, level, many people are looking to stay in the too concerned about stricter immigration troversial positions on immigration have international students at American colleges U.S. and get a job here, so this is a bigger enforcement. been making headlines since he announced and universities brought nearly $37 billion issue for them.” “Although you see a lot on Trump saying his candidacy in 2016. While his harshest into the U.S. economy in the 2016-2017 Some Chinese graduate students are negative things about China in the media, I rhetoric has been directed against Mexico, academic year alone. They also supported already facing pre-graduation restrictions. haven’t personally noticed much change,” the president has also been taking an in- or created more than 450,000 jobs over that In June of 2018, the U.S. Department of Cao said. creasingly aggressive stance on Chinese same period. State cut the length of visas for Chinese Cao is part of a select group who, nationals in America. During one August Chinese nationals make up the largest graduate students in high-tech manufactur- through a combination of skill and luck, closed-door discussion, in the context of dia- group among these students, according to ing, aviation and robotics from five years have been largely unaffected by the U.S. tribe on China, he reportedly told a group of the U.S. Department of Homeland Secu- to one. These changes were first signaled government’s new stance on immigration. business leaders that, “almost every student rity. In July of 2018, there were more than in the Trump administration’s December Cao was allowed to work in the U.S. for that comes over to this country is a spy.” 340,000 of them in American schools, ac- 2017 National Security Strategy, which more than two years after graduation with- But nearly two years into Donald counting for over 30 percent of all foreign stated that the U.S. would look to tighten out a skilled worker visa. This was thanks to Trump’s presidency, how much has really students. If less welcoming policy by the visa procedures to, “reduce economic theft an extended OPT period provided to gradu- changed for Chinese nationals trying to get U.S. government leads to a shrinkage in by non-traditional intelligence collectors.” ates in science, technology, engineering and U.S. visas and green cards? these numbers, American schools and their The administration is reportedly con- mathematics-related (STEM) fields. While Quite a bit according to Albert Lum, surrounding communities could see a sharp sidering further restrictions and additional all students are available for OPT following 84, founder of the Lum Law Group and an drop-off in funding. vetting procedures on all Chinese students their graduation, the length of this allowance immigration attorney for the last 55 years. Some universities are already taking in the near future. Investigating student’s can be doubled for STEM majors. “There’s been a whole shift in the at- measures to hedge against this possibility. phone records and personal U.S. and Chi- Cao was also fortunate enough to win titude across all the agencies handling According to a 2016 analysis by Foreign nese social media accounts prior to enroll- the H1B visa lottery. Since the number of immigration,” Lum said. “I’ve lost more Policy, the University of Illinois at Urbana- ment are some of the newest possibilities viable applications for skilled worker visas [immigration] cases in the last year than I Champaign had the highest number of according to a Reuters report citing U.S. usually far exceeds the U.S.’s yearly quota, have in the last 10 years.” Chinese students in the United States. Last government and uni- Lum said he has noticed much greater year, the university took out a $424,000 versity sources. scrutiny on U.S. green card applications insurance policy to be “triggered” in the A September 2018 and less willingness to work with people event that Chinese enrollment in the school’s change to U.S. im- to resolve potential issues — particularly business and engineering colleges were to migration policy has when the applicant’s case rests largely on drop by more than 20 percent in a single already made it easier humanitarian grounds. year. The policy stipulates certain events, for government agen- “There’s a lot less consideration of such as tightening visa restrictions, which cies to deny new visa individual plights,” Lum said. “They’re may prompt a decline in enrollment and a applicants. The of- expecting people to be able to fully sup- payout of $60 million. ficial memorandum port themselves before they arrive in the from the U.S. Depart- country.” ment of Homeland Lum said that even marriage cases, in Security removes re- which someone applies for a green card quirements for agen- by virtue of their marriage to a U.S. citi- cies to provide notice zen, have become a much more intensive or request additional process. Nearly every aspect of a couple’s information before Robotic manufacturing of an aircraft component. Picture by relationship is now scrutinized to determine denial. Tsung Hsi Tecnalia if their union is genuine. Liu said that the new “I’ve been in hundreds of these over policy has meant that all document-seekers applicants are selected at random from the last 55 years and I can tell you that the must now be extremely careful when filing among the candidate pool to receive the The University of Illinois at Urbana- level of detail is substantially different,” said immigration applications, as they stand a coveted H1B visa. Champaign, a popular choice for Chinese Lum, speaking of the interviews required students studying in the US. Picture by much greater chance of immediate rejection. Judge Tabaddor said that Cao’s case of marriage green card applicants. “We’re Vince Smith The nationwide backlog of immigration may have also benefited from the timing even looking through their cell phones now court cases is currently at an all-time high of her original student-visa application. to see how much they [the spouses] have of over 750,000, according to data from Cao’s student-visa and two-year OTP, the been communicating with each other.” The University of Southern California the Transactional Records Clearing House. former of which predated Donald Trump’s Tsung Hsi Liu, an immigration attorney (USC) ranked second in number of Chinese These courts handle cases for foreign asy- presidency, allowed her to build a successful in San Gabriel, said he has noticed similarly students hosted, according to the Foreign lum seekers, people facing deportation and immigration record in the U.S. increased levels of scrutiny, as well as longer Policy analysis. Kevin Hostetler, lead non-U.S.-citizens applying for green cards. “Once you have an established history processing times for his client’s immigration international admissions officer at USC, In response to this backlog, the Trump and have moved past that hurdle, it’s often documents. said that, while his school has not noticed administration has placed quotas on immi- easier to continue to the next stages,” said “About 80 to 90 percent of H1B cases a significant change in Chinese student gration judges. The new rules, which took Tabaddor. are pending right now,” said Liu, referring enrollment, it could be several more years effect on Oct. 1, require judges to handle Yet even skilled workers in technology to the skilled worker visa that many young before the full impact of recent federal-level 700 cases per year in order to receive a fields like Cao may have face issues in the Chinese use to remain in the U.S. after they rhetoric is felt. “satisfactory” rating on their performance near future, according to Albert Lum. graduate from American universities. “College prep really begins around the evaluations. “They’ve been talking about cutting This increased processing time has 10th grade for these [Chinese] students,” It is a move which Judge Ashley Tabad- back the number of people in the technology real consequences, according to Liu. The said Hostetler. “They’re already on a certain dor, president of the National Association of industry that can get in,” Lum said. “A lot Optional Practical Training program, or track that they’re unlikely to change barring Immigration Judges, says undermines the of it is related to the number of technology OPT, gives recent graduates of American something pretty extreme … We may see integrity of the immigration court system. workers that are coming in from India. universities one year to work in the U.S. younger students making different choices “When you tie a judge’s ability to keep They’re saying they want those jobs to go under their student visas. The program is [about where they study].” their job to the number of cases they process, to Americans.” often used as a bridge by young Chinese Hosteler noted that the most significant you give them a personal financial interest Lum said that the current environment to secure long-term employment and a full impact thus far has been on Chinese gradu- in each case,” Tabaddor said. “It can cause is one of the strictest he has seen since he H1B skilled worker visa. ate students, who face an increasingly dif- people to question the judge’s impartiality.” began practicing immigration law in 1963. “Now they are waiting a very long time ficult situation obtaining work authorization The shift in immigration policy has “I don’t think you should let everyone for their H1B and their OPT is expiring,” post-graduation. “There’s more concern not affected all equally. Jennifer Cao, a in,” said Lum. “But you’ve got to find a said Liu. “They can’t work legally in the right now around the difficulty of getting Chinese national with a degree in informa- good balance, and I thought we were doing U.S. and they have to go home.” investment and employment visas [than stu- tion technology management from Mas- that pretty well.” ♦ According to estimates from the Nation- dent visas],” said Hosteler. “At the graduate sachusetts’ Clark University, said she is not www.chinainsight.info arts & culture May 2019 / PAGE 13 (Tea) Leaves of change By Bill Waddington, owner, TeaSource, contributor

There are more than 3000 types of teas in microbial process can dramatically change the world, most of them from China, where the appearance, aroma and flavor of the tea. tea dates back almost 5,000 years. If a good quality dark tea is stored well; then Legend has it that the emperor Shen the older it gets, the better the tea becomes Nung discovered tea in 2732 B.C. when (and the more expensive it becomes!). I’ve some tea leaves blew into his pot of boiling tasted puer teas that are 90-days old and water. It is said the resulting brew with its puers over 100 years old. In 2007, there pleasant aroma and sweet taste invigorated was an economic oddity; a world-wide puer both his body and spirit. bubble, very similar to the dot com bubble of Amazingly the early-2000s. all 3,000 types Speculators were of tea come from “I am in no way interested buying and trad- one plant that is ing puers as a native to China, in immortality, but only in hedge against the Camellia sinen- the taste of tea.” future, since puer sis, the tea plant. gets better with While there are age. As with all many hot herbal -Lu Tong such economic drinks like mint events, a lot of and hibiscus, all poor puer flooded true tea comes from this one plant. the market, many bad decisions were made, Six categories of tea are created from and the puer market crashed. Although it this single plant. Tea categories are deter- has taken a decade for the puer industry to mined by differences in processing methods recover wonderful puers, both old and new and differences in flavor and aroma. The six are again on the market. categories of tea are: Black tea, is also known as hong cha. White tea, also known as Bai Cha is the This is a fully oxidized tea which makes the lightest, most delicate of all teas. Tradition- leaf black/dark brown. The steeped liquor ally only made in Fujian, it is called white of this tea tends to be a deep dark ruby red, tea because of the downy fuzz on these hence the name hong cha. Black teas tend youngest of tea leaves. That downiness to be very full-bodied, sometime earthy or Yunnan tea supplier Ms. Zhao Yujie, inspecting tea leaves adds to the sweet creamy texture of this tea. toasty, and are drunk little in China. Most Green tea, known as lu cha is the most of the black teas from China are sent to the • The consistency of the quality of Chinese Chinese teas I never would have tasted in popular type of tea in China, with more west. Black tea is produced in Anhui, Yun- tea went down. Pre-capitalism Chinese teas the past. There are some horribly misrep- varieties than any other tea category. Every nan, Fujian, Sichuan, and Hunan provinces. were the most consistent and reliable teas in resented and over-priced Chinese teas on Chinese province that produces tea (17 out Properly preparing tea is simple: take a the world. Everything was controlled by a the market. of 23 provinces) makes some sort of green large pinch of tea leaves (about an acorn- government bureaucracy, which ran the Chi- • Counterfeit teas are now commonplace. tea. During processing, the leaf retains a sized pinch), put it in a large mug or small nese tea industry with very strict guidelines Particularly puer teas. green color and the liquor tends to be light teapot. Add hot water. Relax for a short and definitions as to the appearance, aroma, • So, it has become a “buyer beware” green with a hint of amber in the cup. The time, then drink the tea. If you increase the flavor of all the teas. When I began in the situation in the Chinese tea industry (an- brew tends to be lighter, grassy, vegetal, and amount of the tea or the time steeped, the tea industry 22 years ago, Chinese teas were other hallmark of capitalism). Despite these slightly sweet, or herbaceous. The tea that tea will be stronger. the only teas in the world I did not need to changes, tea survives. was thrown into Boston Harbor in 1776 was get samples of before purchasing, because Tea is simplicity itself; just water and leaves. a Chinese green tea called Young Hyson. The tea industry confronts the quality was so strictly controlled. But this amazing beverage has shaped Yellow tea is the rarest category of tea change • No more. Chinese teas are now similar to history, has triggered wars, has built and in China. Commonly known as huang ya teas from the rest of the world; in that they toppled fortunes, has civilized societies, and cha, yellow tea is primarily produced in The Chinese tea industry remained are inconsistent. There are some GREAT has brought solace and health to millions. ♦ Hunan, Zhejiang, and Sichuan provinces. largely unchanged for hundreds of years. It is called yellow tea for the yellowish, Some of the same tea classification terms slightly green hue of the steeped liquor. It and numbers were used for centuries, well The 10 most famous teas of China is similar to a green tea; in fact, it starts out into the 1990s. From at least the 1950s (This is an aggregate ranking of numerous lists from various Chinese pro- as a green tea. But it goes through some the Chinese tea industry was entirely con- vincial and national tea organization lists).) unique processing steps; including “Kill trolled, administered, and managed by the Green” and being wrapped in damp cloths government. 1. Lung Ching (Dragonwell green tea): sweet, grassy, light from the West and fired over charcoal for days. These extra Beginning in the late 1990s capitalism Lake region of Zhejiang. steps make a tea that is similar to a green began to creep into China causing changes tea, but with a flavor that is both brighter and in Chinese society, culture, the economy, 2. Bi Luo Chung (Green Snail Spring green tea): very aromatic with floral earthier than green tea, and unlike anything and industry, including the tea industry. As notes from Jiangsu. else in the whole world of tea. with all changes; some of the effects were Oolong tea, often seen as wulong tea, for the good, some not so much. 3. Huang Shan Mao Feng (Yellow Mountain Fur Peak green tea): mellow, roughly translates as: black dragon.” This Some good changes were: sweet, nutty, from Anhui. name refers to the long sinewy twisted • The greatest expansion of prosperity and leaves of oolong teas. The most and best specifically, the middle class, that has ever 4. Tie Quanyin (Iron Goddess of Mercy oolong tea): honey, toasted nuts, oolong teas come from Fujian or Guangdong occurred. silky from Fujian. province. Simply put oolong teas exist be- • Raising the standard of living for almost 5. Junshan Yinzhen (Mt. Jun Silver Needle yellow tea): sweet, very bright, tween black and green teas. They tend to be everyone in China, while lowering the levels Chairman Mao’s favorite tea from Hunan. darker, with more flavor and body than green of poverty to the lowest levels in Chinese tea, but softer, mellower, with less body than history. 6. Qi men Hong Cha (Keemun black tea): Strong, aromatic, rich, toasty. black teas. The range of flavor profiles of • Increasing the variety and the sourcing Anhui oolong is the largest of any tea category. options of all teas, and increasing the cre- They can be soft, light and sweet or dark ativity of teas being made. 7. Da Hong Pao (Big Red Robe oolong tea): full bodied with mineral, roasted as sin with a toasted, almost charcoal-like • Allowing entrepreneurships to flourish vegetable notes. Fujian note; and anything in between. If you love with hundreds of small-scale tea producers infinite variety and experiencing something springing up, creating the opportunity for 8. Bai Hao Yinzhen (Downy Hair Silver Needle white tea): delicate, sweet new, oolongs may be the tea for you. direct sourcing of Chinese teas from the creamy. Fujian Dark Tea (including puer) is known as men and women who actually make the teas. hei cha. Hei cha is a tea that, after initial pro- • China becoming one of the leading eco- 9. Puer (puer, dark tea): flavor ranges from light juniper-like to deep, dark duction, goes through a deliberate aging pro- nomic powers in the world. earthy. Yunnan. cess, during which naturally occurring bac- Some of the not so positive effects of terial activity occurs in the stored leaf. This emerging capitalism were: 10. Taiping Houkui (green tea): full-flavored, vegetal, sweet. Anhui PAGE 14 / May 2019 business & economy www.chinainsight.info

Government & Politics Business & Economy China unveils China boosts guideline for measures to open improving natural economy resource asset By Hu Yongq, China Daily, March 29. 2019 management Source:Xinhua, April 15, 2015

Chinese authorities on Sunday unveiled assets, protect the rights and interests of a guideline on reforming the country's property rights holders on an equal footing, property rights system for natural resource and give better play to the role of the prop- assets. erty rights system as both an incentive and By 2020, a system featuring confirmed restraint in promoting ecological progress. ownership, clarified rights and responsibil- Local governments are encouraged to ity, strict protection, smooth transfer and carry out bold explorations in accordance effective supervision should have been basi- with local conditions to accumulate suf- cally in place, reads the guideline released ficient practical experience for reforming by the general offices of the Communist the property rights system, according to Party of China Central Committee and the the guideline. State Council. China will accelerate the formulation of The efficiency of natural resource unified classification standards for natural development and use, as well as resource resources, and establish a unified investi- protection, should have been significantly gation, monitoring and evaluation system. enhanced by then, providing strong support It will make a balance sheet for natural for improving ecological civilization, and resource assets, establish a dynamic moni- guaranteeing national ecological security toring system and keep track of changes in and resource security, the guideline says. all types of natural resources in a timely The system should play a fundamental manner, the document reads. China will further open up to foreign foreign investments in banking, securities role in strictly protecting resources and pro- Efforts will also be made to accelerate investors and offer them treatment equal and insurance, the premier said. Service moting ecological functions, and also play a the confirmation and registration of natural to that of domestic companies with firm sectors, including medical care and educa- key role in optimizing resource allocation, resource ownerships, with a focus on major protection of their legitimate rights, Premier tion, will be opened up along with transpor- improving the efficiency of resource devel- ecological space including national parks, Li Keqiang said at the Boao Forum for Asia tation, infrastructure and energy, he said. opment and use, and promoting high-quality key state-owned forests, wetlands and on Thursday. Li said China will further make it development. major rivers. The country will fully adopt pre-entry easier for foreign companies to set up a China will explore more effective ways The country will compile and imple- national treatment and negative lists for venture capital presence and will improve to realize the rights and interests of natural ment a plan for the ecological restoration overseas investment, Li said at the opening regulations on foreign investors' strategic resource assets owners by giving play to of natural space, and establish and improve ceremony of the forum's annual conference investments in listed companies and their the decisive role of the market in allocating a mechanism of restoration and compre- in Hainan province. mergers with and acquisitions of domestic resources, the guideline reads. hensive management of mountains, forests, By the end of June, China will release enterprises. Meanwhile, the country must strengthen land, lakes and grassland. the amended negative lists for foreign in- Also, preferential policies for invest- government supervision and administration, China will improve the system of com- vestment access, he said. "The negative lists ments from Hong Kong, Macao and Tai- and promote the reasonable use of natural pensation for damages to the ecological will only be shortened. … We will ensure wan will remain unchanged, and greater resources by natural resource rights hold- environment, with the persons liable taking fair competition and common development development opportunities will be offered ers, it says. the responsibility for restoration or compen- for Chinese and foreign companies with for them, Li said. The country will improve the legal sys- sation, according to the document. ♦ fair supervision," Li told more than 2,000 Wang Huiyao, president of the Center tem for property rights over natural resource participants. for China and Globalization, said he was A negative list shows areas where in- impressed by Li's speech to clean up rules Government & Politics vestment is prohibited; all other areas are and regulations inconsistent with the For- presumed to be open. eign Investment Law as well as to launch a The government has started formulating more streamlined negative list. matching regulations and rules to support "It shows China's attitude of further Pitfalls for STEM implementation of the Foreign Investment opening-up, which is a higher-level and Continues from page 7 Law, adopted two weeks ago, Li said, adding more concrete commitment of China," he that supporting regulations will take effect said. sion between the panelists was extremely enough about this topic to spend an evening along with the law on Jan 1. Leif Johansson, chairman of global bio- limited. Rather, each gave his discrete with them. No doubt attendees walked out The draft amendment to the patent law pharmaceutical giant AstraZeneca, said Li's presentation, and there was little repartee of the McNamara Center Thursday night has been submitted to China's top legisla- speech reflects the determination to create a among the panelists or the moderator. This with a lot to think about and digest. The tors. It sharply increases compensation for more open, fair and transparent investment event would have been enhanced by more University of Minnesota was lucky to have infringement to a cost that violators will not environment. time to engage in more discussion and such an event on its campus to highlight and be able to afford, he said. "Such an optimized market as well as interaction. address this contemporary problem with Forced technology transfers are prohib- a positive and dynamic investment climate Overall, the program succeeded in global ramifications. ♦ ited and violators will receive harsh penal- will inspire us to expand our footprint in bringing to the attention of STEM profes- ties, Li said. The complaint mechanism China and promote more cooperation with sionals and students, and the broader Asian Sam Cleveland is a student at the University for foreign-invested companies will be per- domestic firms to realize mutual develop- community in Minnesota that the pitfalls of Minnesota Law School. Realizing he had fected to improve exchanges and coordina- ment," he said. ♦ of engagement with China in the context a year to fill between graduating from the tion between the government and investors, of 21st century Sino-American relations University of Wisconsin-Madison and start- making it an effective way to protect the are as real as the tremendous opportunities. ing law school, Sam chose to spend a year legal rights of foreign companies, he said. Happy Many recognized leaders of Minnesota’s teaching English in China. Not only was China will not resort to massive eco- Asian Pacific community attended and the experience a fantastic adventure, but it nomic stimulus to boost growth, but will Mother's were encouraged to spread the word about also sparked Sam’s deep interest in China. continue to open up and innovate to energize being vigilant about racial profiling. Min- He hopes to pursue a career in litigation market players, Li said. Day nesota’s Asian Pacific community should following his graduation from law school The country will further open up its fi- be encouraged that speakers of the highest in May 2020. nancial sector and accelerate the process to Sunday, May 12, 2019 levels literally from across the nation cared fully lower the market access threshold for www.chinainsight.info events May 2019 / PAGE 15

News First Chinese American presidential candidate qualified for the DNC primary debate By Elaine Dunn

From the Quad Cities to Sioux City, Andrew Yang will make the case for the Freedom Dividend and a Human-Centered Economy.

“Holy cow – we did it!” wrote an exu- dential debate in Miami in late June. How- berant Andrew Yang on March 12. ever, since there are so many candidates Since embarking on his Humanity First (at the time of going to press, it’s 20 and tour, Yang, the first Chinese American to counting!) from the Democrats, the DNC run for the highest office in the land, had can still eliminate the “bottom” candidates Full Circle Theater Company crisscrossed the county from coast to coast from the polls speaking tirelessly about his vision for the One way Yang hopes to bolster his vis- presents “CAUGHT” at county. He launched his campaign in New ibility and to compound the momentum of Hampshire and has made appearances in his campaign: 3D holograms will be em- Guthrie’s Dowling Studio California, the District of Columbia, Geor- ployed to hold campaign rallies in multiple gia, Iowa and Massachusetts recently. cities simultaneously. One such segment He will be in Edina on May 5 for a rally had a hologram of Yang dancing and per- May 17- June 2 and fundraiser. (See announcement on top forming with deceased rapper Tupac Shakur, brid play invites us to right.) which received much positive feedback. navigate a labyrinthine “The more people learn about the cam- Yang also has plans to use the hologram trail between truth and paign, the stronger we get,” Yang said. to deliver his recorded stump speech in perception, authority He has even caught the attention of Fox battleground states to save on travel costs. and authenticity, il- News’ Tucker Carlson, who commented on The Yang campaign reports prelimi- lusionary art and real his April 17 “Tucker Carlson Tonight” pro- nary fundraising hauled in $1.7 million in jeopardy. gram that Yang is “…a serious person; he is the months of February and March. Yang “CAUGHT” was a smart, and he cares; and he has a pretty deep had been interviewed by and appeared on huge hit with audienc- understanding of the problems the country numerous media, from NPR to CNN and, es at InterAct Theatre faces … may be the one person who had unlike most other Democrats, even on Fox in Philadelphia and re- policy proposals that may help this country.” News - more than once! ceived four Barrymore Carlson particularly liked Yang’s proposal This “longshot” presidential candidate Award Nominations for hiking pay of the president and regula- knows the challenges to his moving forward: (New Play, Outstand- tors, and ban them from joining corporate • He is currently polling at 1.7 percent. He ing Direction, Acting boards and going on paid speaking tours needs to improve on that in a short amount Ensemble and Set De- after leaving office because “public service of time. sign) and has been pro- should be service, not a way to enrich them- • Grow the number of donors. The cam- Christopher Chen’s highly entertaining duced across the country. Chen won a 2017 selves for life.” paign set a goal of reaching 200,000 indi- dark comedy doesn’t begin onstage — it Obie Playwriting Award for “Caught.” In A political outsider, Yang sounds the vidual donors by June. As of early-April, opens with an art exhibition featuring the the most clever and imaginative ways, Chen alarm on the rise of mass automation in that number is at 101,025. work of Chinese artist Lin Bo. After the asks us to question our own assumptions America. Sixty-five percent of his social • As one of the younger candidates in a audience views his art and takes their seats, and to look deeper into the issues around media postings, according to a Washington terribly crowded field, Yang needs to gain Bo arrives and shares stories about his life us. The play challenges audiences to think Post study, pertain to economic inequal- legitimacy for his ideas to avoid being and work as a dissident artist in China. But about their perspectives and assumptions, to ity. One of Yang’s core policy proposals is marginalized. when a New York reporter and her editor question their own beliefs and values in the his Freedom Dividend, ($1000/month for Yang believes with adequate support, he join him onstage, everything shifts and noth- search for a deeper sharing of truth, values every adult), which is to be subsidized by can “change the course of history.” ing is what it seems, leaving the audience to and understanding. taxing companies that benefit most from It would be interesting to see whether question what is real, what is illusion and For tickets go to https://www.guthriethe- automation. the Chinese American community would what is a figment of their imagination. ater.org/shows-and-tickets/2018-2019-sea- The “Yang Gang” garnered 50,000 in- rally behind him as the African Americans In this irreverent, new, genre-bending son/caught/ and to learn more about Full dividual donors in March alone to surpass did for Barack Obama. ♦ piece directed by Rick Shiomi, Chen ap- Circle Theater, visit the 65,000-donor requirement to guarantee plies his playful imagination to the work https://www.fullcircletheatermn.org. ♦ Yang a spot in the first Democratic presi- of a Chinese dissident artist. This hy- PAGE 16 / May 2019 events www.chinainsight.info

欢庆无国界 May 2nd - May 5th, 2019 Saint Paul RiverCentre festivalofnations.com

8th Pan Asian Arts Festival at MOA

Mall of American will play host to the 8th Pan Asian Arts Festival on Saturday, May 4, 11 a.m.- 8 p.m. This free event is open to the public and will include overseas performers from Xijiang Miao/Hmong Village Perofrmance Troupe. There will be dances, music, singing represent- ing all regions of Asia by the overeas performers as well as local talents The event is made possible by sponsors Pan Asian Arts Alliance, Asian Media Access and the Mall of Americ, and a grant from the Metropolitan Regional Arts Council.♦

Memorial Day is May 27, 2019