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Ahmadinezhad's Cabinet: Loyalists and Radicals
PolicyWatch #1571 Ahmadinezhad's Cabinet: Loyalists and Radicals By Mehdi Khalaji August 21, 2009 On August 19, Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinezhad submitted his list of cabinet nominees to the Majlis (Iran's parliament). The president's choice of individuals clearly shows his preference for loyalty over efficiency, as he fired every minister who, while strongly supportive of him on most issues, opposed him recently on his controversial decision to appoint a family relative as first vice president. Ahmadinezhad's drive to install loyalists involves placing members of the military and intelligence community in the cabinet, as well as in other important government positions. Despite the president's positioning, Iran's top leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, remains in firm control of the country's vital ministries. Cabinet Approval On August 23, the Majlis will either approve or challenge the president's cabinet appointments. Ahmadinezhad has a relatively free hand to choose the majority of cabinet seats, but the country's key ministries -- intelligence, interior, foreign affairs, defense, and culture and Islamic guidance -- are, in all practical terms, preapproved by Khamenei before the president submits their names. As such, the Majlis is all but guaranteed to accept these particular individuals. The president is also empowered to directly appoint the secretary of the Supreme Council for National Security (SCNS) -- the individual responsible for Iran's nuclear dossier and negotiations -- but because this position is of particular importance to Khamanei, it also must be preapproved. Economic and Foreign Affairs Ahmadinezhad's nominations suggest that he is not bothered by the ongoing criticism of his foreign policy and economic agenda, since the ministers of foreign affairs, industries and mines, economic affairs, cooperatives, and roads and transport will remain unchanged. -
U.S. and Iranian Strategic Competition April 26 2012
a report of the csis burke chair in strategy U.S. and Iranian Strategic Competition: The Sanctions game: Energy, Arms Control, and Regime Change Authors Anthony H. Cordesman Bradley Bosserman Sam Khazai April 2012 The Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy has prepared this book as part of a project supported by the Smith Richardson Foundation. Iran V: Sanctions Competition AHC April 26, 2012 ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report analyzes US and Iranian strategic competition in four key areas—sanctions, energy, arms control, and regime change. It shows that shifts in the nature and intensity of sanctions on Iran have radically changed this aspect of US and Iranian competition since the Fall of 2011. This escalation has been spurred by Iran’s ongoing missile deployments and nuclear programs, as reported in sources like the November 2011 IAEA report highlighting the probable military dimensions of Iran’s nuclear program. It has also been spurred by incidents like an Iranian assassination plot against the Saudi Ambassador to the US, an Iranian-government-sponsored mob attack on the British Embassy in Tehran on November 30, 2011, and Iranian threats to “close” the Gulf to oil exports. A New Round of Sanctions Iran’s steady progress towards the capability to build nuclear weapons has led to a new round of sanctions from the US and its allies. Washington has sought to further isolate Iran economically through new US sanctions on the Iranian Central Bank and Iranian companies involved in its nuclear industry, including the petrochemical and oil industry. Iran’s primary source of revenue—crude oil exports—is further threatened by a unanimous decision by the European Union on January 23rd to impose a full embargo on the import of Iranian oil and petrochemicals. -
U.S. and Iranian Strategic Competition
Iran V: Sanctions Competition January 4, 2013 0 U.S. AND IRANIAN STRATEGIC COMPETITION Sanctions, Energy, Arms Control, and Regime Change Anthony H. Cordesman, Bryan Gold, Sam Khazai, and Bradley Bosserman April 19, 2013 Anthony H. Cordesman Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy [email protected] Note: This report is will be updated. Please provide comments and suggestions to [email protected] Iran V: Sanctions Competition April, 19 2013 I Executive Summary This report analyzes four key aspects of US and Iranian strategic competition - sanctions, energy, arms control, and regime change. Its primary focus is on the ways in which the sanctions applied to Iran have changed US and Iranian competition since the fall of 2011. This escalation has been spurred by the creation of a series of far stronger US unilateral sanctions and the EU‘s imposition of equally strong sanctions – both of which affect Iran‘s ability to export, its financial system and its overall economy. It has been spurred by Iran‘s ongoing missile deployments and nuclear program, as reported in sources like the November 2011 IAEA report that highlights the probable military dimensions of Iran‘s nuclear program. And, by Iranian rhetoric, by Iranian threats to ―close‖ the Gulf to oil traffic; increased support of the Quds Force and pro-Shiite governments and non-state actors; and by incidents like the Iranian-sponsored assassination plot against the Saudi Ambassador to the US, an Iranian government instigated mob attack on the British Embassy in Tehran on November 30, 2011, and the Iranian-linked attacks against Israeli diplomats. -
Iran March 2009
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION REPORT IRAN 17 MARCH 2009 UK Border Agency COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE IRAN 17 MARCH 2009 Contents Preface Latest News EVENTS IN IRAN, FROM 2 FEBRUARY 2009 TO 16 MARCH 2009 REPORTS ON IRAN PUBLISHED OR ACCESSED BETWEEN 2 FEBRUARY 2009 TO 16 MARCH 2009 Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... 1.01 Maps .............................................................................................. 1.03 Iran............................................................................................. 1.03 Tehran ....................................................................................... 1.04 2. ECONOMY ............................................................................................ 2.01 Sanctions ...................................................................................... 2.13 3. HISTORY ............................................................................................... 3.01 Calendar ........................................................................................ 3.02 Pre 1979......................................................................................... 3.03 1979 to 1999 .................................................................................. 3.05 2000 to date................................................................................... 3.16 Student unrest ............................................................................. -
Fduimun 2012
FJCC-Iran Cabinet First Update fduimun 2012 fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-iran Cabinet FUTUREfduimun JOINT First Update 2012 CRISIS CABINETS IRAN CABINET SPECIALSYSTEM fduimun BE THE CHANGE. 2012 fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-Iran Cabinet First Update fduimun 2012 WHAT’S INSIDE A. Licensing B. Welcome Letter from the Director C. Welcome Letter from the Cabinet D. Joint Crisis Cabinets: What, why and how E. The Story: Iranian Nuclear Crisis F. Iranian Nuclear Developments G. Diplomatic Concerns H. National Security and Military I. Extended Readings J. Role Application K. Assignments L. Cabinet: Rules and Procedure M. Bibliography fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-iran Cabinet fduimun First Update 2012 A Licensing FDUIMUN takes intellectual property protection very seriously. Before you continue read- ing, please review FDUIMUN’s licensing agreement and copyright notice below. I License This conference update, either in PDF or in print, was created for Fudan University In- ternational Model United Nations 2012 and the editorial contents herein remain the intellectual property of FDUIMUN. Delegates and their advisers may reproduce them, in whole or in part, in limited quantities for conference preparation use only but may not mass distribute the materials, electronically or otherwise for any purpose whatsoever. This permission does not apply to any third-party copyrights contained herein. These ma- terials and any copies made of them may not be resold, and the copyright notices must be retained as they appear here. II Disclaimer 1. Certain links are provided in this update that may lead to Web sites maintained by third parties over which we have no control. -
Orsam-Gnlk-Ortadou-Blten-07-05-2013.Pdf
MIDDLE EAST DAILY BULLETIN 6 May 2013 NO: 1595 1. IRAQ ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Othman urges the central government to speed up implementing legitimate demands of the demonstrators ......................................................................................................................................3 MP warns of internal fighting in the protests governorates ........................................................3 Maliki's coalition candidate in Basra split ....................................................................................4 Marjaa Yacoubi talks about satanic projects for Iraq ...................................................................5 JFO: Press freedom is the worst in Iraq ........................................................................................6 Iraq to buy 18 more Lockheed F-16 fighters ................................................................................7 Kurdistan reveals Barzani - Maliki seven-point agreement ..........................................................8 Iraq unity will thwart enemy plots: Iran FM .................................................................................9 Iraqi troops kill 14 militants, arrest 10 others in Mosul ............................................................ 11 Iraqi PM's coalition leads in local vote ...................................................................................... 11 2. -
Iran Case File (May 2019)
IRAN CASE FILE May 2020 RASANAH International Institute for Iranian Studies, Al-Takhassusi St. Sahafah, Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. P.O. Box: 12275 | Zip code: 11473 Contact us [email protected] +966112166696 The Executive Summary ........................................................................ 4 Internal Affairs .................................................................................... 7 The Ideological File ......................................................................................8 I- Officially Reopening Mosques and Shrines ....................................................... 8 II- Resuming Religious Seminary Lessons ........................................................... 9 III- Pressures on Iraq .........................................................................................10 The Political File ........................................................................................ 12 I- The Makeup of the New Parliament: Conservative Domination and Reformist Decline ............................................... 12 II- The Conservatives Contest Among Themselves for the Speakership ............... 13 III- Ghalibaf’s Criticism of the Government Forebodes a Possible Standoff Between Rouhani and the Parliament .................................. 14 The Economic File ...................................................................................... 16 I- The Economic Developments Between Iran and Venezuela .............................16 II- The Iranian Objectives and Messages of -
Grenzen Politischer Reform- Und Handlungsspielräume in Iran
Semiramis Akbari Grenzen politischer Reform- und Handlungsspielräume in Iran Die Bedeutung innenpolitischer Dynamiken für die Außenpolitik HSFK-Report 9/2006 Redaktionsschluss: 22. Januar 2007 © Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung (HSFK) Adresse der Autorin: HSFK x Leimenrode 29 x 60322 Frankfurt am Main Telefon: (069) 95 91 04-0 x Fax: (069) 55 84 81 E-Mail: [email protected] x Internet: www.hsfk.de ISBN-10: 3-937829-41-5 ISBN-13: 978-3-937829-41-8 Euro 6,- Zusammenfassung Nahezu täglich berichten die Medien über Irans Nuklearambitionen. Das internationale Medieninteresse an Teherans Atompolitik hat insbesondere seit dem Amtsantritt des sechsten Staatspräsidenten der Islamischen Republik im August 2005 zugenommen. Ent- gegen den Erwartungen und Prognosen im In- und Ausland wurde in Iran am 24. Juni 2005 ein Ultrakonservativer zum Nachfolger des reformorientierten fünften Staatspräsi- denten Mohammad Khatami (1997-2005) gewählt. Der Sieg Mahmud Ahmadinejads wird nicht nur als eines der wichtigsten Ereignisse in die postrevolutionäre Geschichte der Isla- mischen Republik Irans eingehen, sondern stellt zugleich eine Zäsur im Verhältnis der westlichen Staatengemeinschaft zu Iran dar. Dies lässt sich unter anderem daran ablesen, dass die internationale Kritik, insbesonde- re der USA an Iran enorm zugenommen hat. Die Bush-Regierung begreift den schiiti- schen Gottesstaat vor allem aufgrund seiner Nuklearambitionen als Bedrohung für den Weltfrieden. Iran befindet sich seit 2003 in schwierigen Verhandlungen mit der Interna- tionalen Atomenergie Organisation (IAEO) in Wien über das umstrittene iranische Nu- klearprogramm. Neben dem multilateralen Kontrollregime (IAEO) spielen bei den Ver- handlungen externe Akteure, darunter die USA, die EU-3 (Deutschland, Frankreich und Großbritannien) sowie Russland und China eine wichtige Rolle. -
Ira Di N: Ah Ismis Hmad Ssal a Dinej and R Jad B Resign Betwe Natio
Iran: Ahmadinejad between Dismissal and Resignation Fatimah Smadi* Al Jazeera Centre for Studies Tel: +974-44930181 31 July 2011 Fax: +974-44831346 [email protected] www.aljazeera.net/studies Relations between the Supreme Leader of the Iranian Revolution, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, and the Iranian President, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, have certainly been seriously impaired although the latter had used to boast their father-son bond and the former had long supported him, asserting that among Iranian officials, Ahmadinejad is the closest to him. Ahmadinejad has sought to create a course of judgment independent from that of the Supreme Leader three times. The first time was when he appointed his son’s father-in-law and friend, Rahim Mashaei, as his vice president despite the severe criticism he received and he did not yield until Khamenei bluntly ordered him to dismiss Mashaei. Ahmadinejad reattempted to create his own course of judgment when he "offensively" dismissed his foreign minister, Manouchehr Mottaki, due to disputes regarding foreign policies and after introducing a diplomatic path parallel to that of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs despite Khamenei’s disapproval. The third attempt that caused confrontation followed when he dismissed the Minister of Intelligence, Hojjatul-Islam Haydar Moslihi, despite the Supreme Leader's objection. The Supreme Leader, who was dissatisfied with Ahmadinejad's audaciousness, then directly addressed Moslihi (circumventing Ahmadinejad,) in an unparalleled precedence in the Iranian politics, with a letter praising his achievements and ordering him to hold on to his position. In truth, Khamenei can depose Ahmadinejad from office if he finds it beneficial to do so, especially with the increase of criticism from the Ayatollahs of Qom and strained relations with the legislative and judicial authorities. -
Iran October 2005
OCTOBER 2005 IRAN Home Office Science and Research Group COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION SERVICE OCTOBER 2005 IRAN Country of Origin Information Reports (COI Reports) are produced by the Science & Research Group of the Home Office to provide caseworkers and others involved in processing asylum applications with accurate, balanced and up-to-date information about conditions in asylum seekers’ countries of origin. They contain general background information about the issues most commonly raised in asylum/human rights claims made in the UK. The reports are compiled from material produced by a wide range of recognised external information sources. They are not intended to be a detailed or comprehensive survey, nor do they contain Home Office opinion or policy. ii Disclaimer: “This country of origin information report contains the most up-to-date publicly available information as at 1 July 2005. Older source material has been included where it contains relevant information not available in more recent documents.” OCTOBER 2005 IRAN Contents Paragraphs 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT ...................................................................... 1.01 Advisory Panel on Country Information.......................................... 1.11 2. GEOGRAPHY.................................................................................... 2.01 3. ECONOMY........................................................................................ 3.01 Sanctions........................................................................................ 3.11 4. HISTORY......................................................................................... -
READ Middle East Brief 80
Judith and Sidney Swartz Director Prof. Shai Feldman Can Rouhani Revitalize Iran’s Oil and Gas Associate Director Kristina Cherniahivsky Industry? Charles (Corky) Goodman Professor of Middle East History and Prof. Nader Habibi Associate Director for Research Naghmeh Sohrabi Senior Fellows Abdel Monem Said Aly, PhD oon after his victory in the June 2013 presidential Khalil Shikaki, PhD Selections, Hassan Rouhani announced that reforming Myra and Robert Kraft Professor and revitalizing the oil and gas sector would be one of his of Arab Politics Eva Bellin government’s top priorities. He and many of his aides showed Henry J. Leir Professor of the no hesitation in criticizing the policies of former president Economics of the Middle East Ahmadinejad toward the oil and gas industry in his two-term Nader Habibi tenure. Sylvia K. Hassenfeld Professor of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies Kanan Makiya Like other oil-exporting nations, Iran depends heavily on oil revenues to finance government expenditures and pay for imports. When these revenues Junior Research Fellow decline, the economy suffers. A combination of international sanctions Eric Lob, PhD and poor domestic management led to a gradual decline in daily oil output Postdoctoral Researcher and stagnation in natural gas output in most of the years of Ahmadinejad’s Jonathan L. Snow, PhD presidency. The decline accelerated in 2012 as the United States and the European Union introduced new sanctions against Iran’s oil exports and put pressure on countries that were buying hydrocarbon products from Iran. While the Ahmadinejad administration put most of the blame for this decline on sanctions, critics of his government claimed that his own policies caused more damage to the oil and gas sector than did the sanctions. -
Report Twenty-Sixth Session of the Comcec
OIC/COMCEC/26-10/REP COMCEC Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation of the Organization of the Islamic Conference REPORT TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION OF THE COMCEC İstanbul, 5-8 October 2010 COMCEC Coordination Office Ankara, October 2010 1 Address: COMCEC Coordination Office State Planning Organization Necatibey Cad. 108 Ankara-TURKEY Phone : 90-312-294 55 10 Fax : 90-312-294 55 77 Website: http://www.comcec.org e-mail : comcec @ dpt.gov.tr 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS P A R T O N E Page RESOLUTIONS OF THE OIC FORMING THE BASIS AND GUIDING THE ACTIVITIES OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION OF THE OIC I. Resolution adopted at the Third Islamic Summit Conference Establishing the Standing Committees of the OIC chaired by Heads of State ............................................ 9 II. Final Communique of the Fourth Islamic Summit Conference Entrusting the Chairmanship of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation to the President of the Republic of Turkey ............................. 11 III. Resolution No. 1/11-E (IS) on the Activities of the Standing Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation (COMCEC) .................................................... 13 P A R T T W O LIST OF BASIC DOCUMENTS AND REPORT OF THE TWENTY-SIXTH SESSION OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE FOR ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL COOPERATION I. List of Basic Documents Considered and/or Presented at the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC ......................... 23 II. Report of the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC......... 29 3 Page A N N E X E S 1. List of Participants of the Twenty-sixth Session of the COMCEC...................................................................................... 43 2.