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Australian Antarctic Magazine — Issue 37

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Australian Antarctic Magazine — Issue 37 ISSUE 37 2019 The Australian Antarctic Division, a Division of the Department of the Environment and Energy, leads Australia’s Antarctic program and seeks to advance Australia’s Antarctic interests in pursuit of its vision of having ‘Antarctica valued, protected and understood’. It does this by managing Australian government activity in Antarctica, providing transport and logistic support to Australia’s Antarctic research program, maintaining four permanent Australian research stations, and conducting scientific research programs both on land and in the Southern Ocean. Australia’s Antarctic national interests are to: • Preserve our sovereignty over the Australian Antarctic Territory, including our sovereign rights over the adjacent offshore areas. • Take advantage of the special opportunities Antarctica offers for scientific research. • Protect the Antarctic environment, having regard to its special qualities and effects on our region. 2 Future Capabilities 16 Science • Maintain Antarctica’s freedom from strategic and/or Mini-submersible to study coastal communities Glass-like diatoms at risk in acid ocean political confrontation. • Be informed about and able to influence developments in a region geographically proximate to Australia. • Derive any reasonable economic benefits from living and non-living resources of the Antarctic (excluding deriving such benefits from mining and oil drilling). • Australian Antarctic Magazine is produced twice a year (June and December). Australian Antarctic Magazine seeks to inform the Australian and international Antarctic community about the activities of the Australian Antarctic program. The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for the Environment and Energy. © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2019 21 History 29 Outreach Australian Antarctic Magazine is licensed by the Antarctic veterans reunite Icebreaker legacy brought to life Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence, with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of CONTENTS Australia, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE HISTORY https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Kim Ellis’s message 1 Antarctic veterans reunite to celebrate This publication should be attributed as ‘Australian Mawson station’s 65th birthday 21 Antarctic Magazine, Commonwealth of Australia 2019’. FUTURE CAPABILITIES Founding Mawson 23 The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable Biodiversity surveys inform Rumdoodle Hut a ‘must visit’ destination 24 efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using Davis Aerodrome Project 2 Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party]’. Mini-submersible to study coastal enters digital age 25 communities beneath the ice 6 Cape Adare pendant mystery 26 Editorial enquiries, including requests to reproduce Captains of Nuyina 7 material, or contributions, should be addressed to: OUTREACH Modular science 8 The Editor Assembling an ‘A-team’ for science support 10 New book brings icebreaker legacy to life 28 Australian Antarctic Magazine Aurora on the rocks 29 Australian Antarctic Division SCIENCE 203 Channel Highway Kingston, 7050 Sound science enhances whale conservation 12 IN BRIEF Tasmania, Australia. Antarctic lead records chapters in human history 14 Artists to create virtual Antarctic voyage 30 Teasing out lead pollution from climate variables 15 Drilling deep for climate puzzle 30 Australian Antarctic Division Telephone: (03) 6232 3209 Glass-like diatoms at risk in acid ocean 16 Antarctic barges baptised 31 (International 61 3 6232 3209) Macquarie Island diatom named after Treasure trove of Antarctic Division email: [email protected] Antarctic ecologist 18 history now online 31 Tiny fossils reveal 25,000 years of Doctors without appendixes 31 Editor: Wendy Pyper Production: Nisha Harris, Jessica Fitzpatrick, Southern Ocean carbon history 19 Tradeswoman of the year 31 Sally Chambers Antarctic maps go digital 20 Norwegian-Australian luncheon Graphic Design: The20 celebrates the Wyatt Earp 32 Issue 37: December 2019 Chill out with our new podcast 32 ISSN 1445-1735 (print version) Antarctica in virtual reality 32 Australian Antarctic Magazine is printed on Monza satin ABOUT THE COVER recycled paper; a 50% post consumer waste and 50% FSC certified fibre stock. Davis station plumber Neil Brown took this photo of snow groomers constructing a sea ice runway Australian Antarctic Magazine can be viewed online: just north of the station. The runway is needed www.antarctica.gov.au/magazine to bring in expeditioners heading to Mawson or @AusAntarctic arriving from Casey, and allows the movement AusAntarctic of people before resupply and the opening of the AusAntarctic Davis Plateau ski landing area. AusAntarctic From the Director Technology has been critical to solving individual and societal problems around the world, from reducing our footprint on the planet, to improving health and safety, and providing opportunities to do things in ways never previously conceived. So it makes sense that technology is a key standard service interface that plugs directly into enabler of the Australian Antarctic Program. the ship’s power and alarm systems, improving Everywhere I look I see the opportunities it the safety and efficiency of installation or removal offers and the solutions it provides, including during port calls, and enhancing safety and by supporting scientific research that improves research flexibility while at sea (page 8). our understanding of Antarctica and its global Technology is also critical to our Million Year Ice connections, and helping us to protect and Core Project, to drill 3000 metres into the Antarctic As the Australian Antarctic Program seeks to conserve the Antarctic environment. ice sheet and extract a core containing climate modernise and reach towards its future, I’m Our new icebreaker, RSV Nuyina, is a perfect information from a critical period in Earth’s climate excited about how the technology and innovation we apply to managing our own workloads and example. The technology packed into its 160.3 history. Our scientists and the technology team achieving our research objectives can be applied metre length is astounding. With its huge range of are adding Australian innovation and technology to broader Australian and international issues. deployment and data acquisition systems it can development to American and European ice drill sample, measure, monitor and visualise the ocean, designs, and building the drill right here (page 30). In the next issue of the magazine we’ll look at the sea ice and atmosphere in ways limited only by Technology is not confined to our science. As application of our work to some of these issues, scientists’ imaginations. part of our Australian Antarctic Arts Fellowship including understanding and adapting to climate change and contributing to space exploration, and The research we will be able to do on this ship program this season, two digital artists will capture the role of technology in facilitating this. will enhance our ability to support and improve a virtual representation of the Aurora Australis scientific management and conservation and its complement as they sail south, providing Kim Ellis outcomes through such bodies as the Commission a life beyond the ship's last Antarctic voyage. The Australian Antarctic Division for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living pair’s tool kit includes drones, a portable motion Resources and the Intergovernmental Panel on capture system, LiDAR scanning, and cameras, Climate Change, and further our understanding to map the physical aspects of the voyage. Their recordings will be joined together into playable of the influence of Antarctica and the Southern artworks for immersive experiences at galleries Ocean on global weather and climate. and festivals, and via mobile, gaming and virtual CLOCKWISE FROM LEFT Senior Technical Officer Chris To cope with this new capability the Australian reality technology (page 31). Richards with the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Antarctic Division is augmenting our Technology machining centre, used to manufacture ice core drill Last but not least, technology is teaching us more and Innovation team to help scientists make the components. (Photo: Jessica Fitzpatrick) Story page 31 about the world in which we live, and our research most of what the ship offers and the data they environment. Acoustic moorings developed at the Newly recruited design engineers will help maximise use of collect (page 10). the RSV Nuyina's scientific capabilities, by developing and Australian Antarctic Division have captured a year running specialised scientific equipment, such as remotely This team will also contribute to the running of of sound in the Southern Ocean, providing valuable operated vehicles (pictured). (Photo: Klaus Meiners) containerised laboratories that are integral to insights into the movement and presence of Story page 11 the ship’s design. These ‘science modules’ have marine mammal species, including whale species Australian Antarctic Division Director, Kim Ellis, beside a solar been designed by Antarctic Division staff to have a recovering from human exploitation (page 12). panel installation at Casey research station. (Photo: Nisha Harris) Issue 37 2019 Australian Antarctic
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