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Aquatic Analysis for the Conacat Environmental Assessment Jim Herrig 3/2014

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Aquatic Analysis for the Conacat Environmental Assessment Jim Herrig 3/2014 Aquatic Analysis for the ConaCat Environmental Assessment Jim Herrig 3/2014 Introduction The ConaCat Environmental Assessment has the potential to impact aquatic species within its analysis area. This document analyzes the effects to aquatic habitats and to aquatic species known to occur within the analysis area. It also analyses effects to certain rare aquatic species whose range falls within the analysis area, have suitable habitat present, but have not been documented in the analysis area. Alternatives Table 1. Comparison of Alternatives Alt B. ACTIVITY UNITS ALT. A ALT. C (PA) VEGETATION Seedtree with Reserves Acres 0 88 86 Shelterwood with Reserves Acres 0 535 361 Clearcut with Reserves Acres 0 23 23 Removal Acres 0 15 12 Site Preparation – 0 slashdown Acres 401 223 0 slashdown and burning Acres 260 247 Regeneration – Oak planting Acres 0 118 64 Pine planting Acres 0 304 276 Natural Acres 0 202 93 Pine & Oak Planting Acres 37 37 Seedling release - chemical Acres 0 661 470 Tree Release Mechanical 15 15 Mid-story- Mechanical Acres 0 987 1048 Thinning Acres 0 13 29 TRANSPORTATION Road Reconstruction Miles 0 8 6.1 Temporary Rd Construction Miles 0 2 2 Road Decommissioning Miles 0 1.8 2.4 Road Maintenance Miles x 15 13 Gate Installation Number 0 1 1 Roads added to system Miles 0 .7 .7 WILDLIFE HABITAT High Elevation Early Successional Habitat Creation 0 27 27 and Maintenance Acres Maintenance of openings Acres 19 19 19 Edge feathering spot openings Acres 0 3.5 3.5 Daylight/Herbicide linear 0 42 42 openings Acres Creation of ephemeral pools Number 0 30 30 Cane Restoration Acres 0 9 9 Nest Box Installation Number 0 60 60 Planting Acres 0 10 10 STREAM IMPROVEMENTS Steam Channel Restoration Miles 0 .3 .3 FIRE MANAGEMENT Dormant season burning Acres 3100 1337 1337 Growing or Dormant season Acres 0 4318 4318 TRAIL IMPROVEMENTS Trail Construction Miles 0 .36 .36 Trail Decommission Miles 0 .22 .22 Trailhead Development Acres 0 .07 .07 Environmental Consequences Effects to four aquatic Threatened and Endangered species (smoky madtom, yellowfin madtom, Citico darter and spotfin chub), three aquatic Sensitive species known to occur within this analysis area; seven additional aquatic Sensitive species, not known to occur here, but their range overlaps this analysis area and suitable habitat exists for them, and one aquatic Viability Concern species that occurs within this analysis area. Impacts to these species were evaluated for each alternative in this EA. Scope of Analysis The analysis area for aquatic resources includes all of the streams within the EA analysis area plus it extends approximately 5 miles downstream in the Tellico River from the confluence with Lyons Creek and 5 miles downstream in Conasauga Creek from the confluence with Hatter Branch. Effects to aquatic resources (primarily sediment), from all alternatives, are expected to return to pre-implementation conditions within three years (Swift 1985). Aquatic Habitats Existing Condition Streams in the Conasauga/Wildcat Watersheds drain to Hiwassee and Tellico Rivers. The aquatic habitats in this assessment area are composed of approximately 454 miles of ephemeral, intermittent and perennial streams (Table 1). The analysis area for aquatic resources extends approximately 5 miles downstream in the Tellico River from the confluence with Lyons Creek and 5 miles downstream in Conasauga Creek from the confluence with Hatter Branch. Effects to aquatic resources (primarily sediment), from all alternatives, are expected to return to pre- implementation conditions within three years (Swift 1985). Table 1 Stream miles in the Analysis Area Type of Stream Miles Ephemeral 282 Intermittent 94 Perennial 78 Approximately 25 miles of Forest Service managed streams are capable of supporting fish (11.5 miles of cool water communities and 13.7 miles of cold water communities) and are displayed in Table 2 along with their physical characteristics. Table 2 Physical Charateristics of Streams in the Conasauga/Wildcat Analysis Area Fish Low Up % Watershed Stream Name Reach Miles Order Community Elev Elev Grad Hiwassee CONASAUGA CREEK 1 Cool 1030 1290 1.12 4.40 6 Hiwassee CONASAUGA CREEK 2 Cold 1290 1350 1.6 0.70 5 Hiwassee CONASAUGA CREEK 3 Cold 1350 1390 0.57 2.30 4 Hiwassee FLEMMINGS BRANCH 1 Cold 1350 1490 1.61 1.60 5 Hiwassee HOG BRANCH 1 Cold 1290 1450 1.3 2.30 5 Hiwassee STEER CREEK 1 Cool 980 1000 0.4 1.00 5 Little Tennessee DARK RIDGE BRANCH 1 Cool 1140 1220 0.3 4.40 3 Little Tennessee DORSEY BRANCH 1 Cool 1100 1200 0.4 4.80 3 Little Tennessee LYONS CREEK 1 Cool 890 1490 3.39 2.90 5 Little Tennessee LYONS CREEK 2 Cold 1450 1570 1.17 1.90 4 Little Tennessee LYONS CREEK, EAST FORK 1 Cold 1300 1320 0.2 1.70 4 Little Tennessee MURR BRANCH 1 Cool 1150 1250 0.72 2.60 4 Little Tennessee NATTY CREEK 1 Cold 1200 1460 1.06 4.60 4 Little Tennessee NATTY CREEK‐UNNAMED TRIB 1 Cold 1380 1440 0.2 5.00 3 Little Tennessee SIXMILE CREEK 1 Cold 1380 1420 0.3 2.90 5 Little Tennessee SIXMILE CREEK 2 Cold 1460 1500 0.4 2.00 4 Little Tennessee SIXMILE CREEK 3 Cold 1680 2240 1 10.20 4 Little Tennessee SIXMILE CREEK, LITTLE 1 Cold 1820 2160 0.6 11.30 3 Little Tennessee TELLICO RIVER 1 Cool 840 1275 2.52 1.10 7 Little Tennessee TOBE CREEK 1 Cold 1420 1780 1.3 5.30 5 Little Tennessee WILDCAT CREEK 1 Cool 940 1200 2.65 2.50 5 Little Tennessee WILDCAT CREEK 2 Cold 1200 1460 1.93 2.50 5 Little Tennessee WILDCAT CREEK 3 Cold 1520 1560 0.5 1.60 4 The Tellico River, historically, has had sediment problems. The main source for years was the Off Highway Vehicle area in North Carolina but that has been greatly stabilized following its closure in 2009. Laurel Creek which enters the Tellico River across from the Miller Mine Prescribed Burn Unit has had sediment issues recently. The occasional muddy water appears to be coming from private property in the Miller Ridge vicinity. No sedimentation problems were found in any of the other streams surveyed. There are fifty-seven species of fish present (Table 3) in this analysis area (Cherokee National Forest 2014); four are federally listed as Threatened or Endangered; two are Sensitive; and one is Locally Rare. The Forest Viability Goal for these species is to protect their habitats and restore their populations. Seven species are managed as game fish and their Viability Goal is to enhance their numbers. Rainbow and brown trout were intentionally introduced and are managed as game species. Thirty-nine fish are native species with a management goal of maintaining their populations. The last two species are all non-natives that have been introduced. The carp and yellow perch were not intentionally introduced and are considered too well established to control their spread. The Forest has no management objective for them. The Junaluska salamander is a Sensitive species found in three streams in the analysis area. There are five Sensitive aquatic insects that could be present based on the aquatic habitat conditions. Table 3 Fish Present in Streams within or near the Analysis Area Management Classification Populations Analysis Forest Species Scientific Name Status Viability Goal Area Wide Citico darter Etheostoma sitikuense Endangered Protect/Restore 1 2 smoky madtom Noturus baileyi Endangered Protect/Restore 1 2 spotfin chub Erimonax monacha Threatened Protect/Restore 1 1 yellowfin madtom Noturus flavipinnis Threatened Protect/Restore 1 2 blotchside logperch Percina burtoni Sensitive Protect/Restore 1 3 Etheostoma wounded darter vulneratum Sensitive Protect/Restore 1 3 Clinostomus Viability smoky dace funduloides spp. 1 Concern Protect/Restore 1 17 bluegill Lepomis macrochirus Game Enhance 5 60 green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus Game Enhance 1 37 largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides Game Enhance 1 26 redbreast sunfish Lepomis auritus Game Enhance 3 43 rock bass Ambloplites rupestris Game Enhance 7 80 smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu Game Enhance 4 57 Micropterus spotted bass punctulatus Game Enhance 3 23 Introduced/ brown trout Salmo trutta Desirable Enhance 1 101 Introduced/ rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Desirable Enhance 4 312 Management Classification Populations Analysis Forest Species Scientific Name Status Viability Goal Area Wide banded darter Etheostoma zonale Native Maintain 2 19 banded sculpin Cottus carolinae Native Maintain 3 88 bigeye chub Hybopsis amblops Native Maintain 3 23 black redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei Native Maintain 3 31 blueside darter Etheostoma jessiae Native Maintain 1 6 central Campostoma stoneroller anomalum Native Maintain 4 74 channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus Native Maintain 1 7 Semotilus creek chub atromaculatus Native Maintain 8 235 dusky darter Percina sciera Native Maintain 1 1 freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens Native Maintain 1 6 gilt darter Percina evides Native Maintain 1 9 golden Moxostoma redhorse erythrurum Native Maintain 2 13 greenside Etheostoma darter blennioides Native Maintain 3 41 largescale Campostoma stoneroller oligolepis Native Maintain 4 76 logperch Percina caprodes Native Maintain 1 15 longnose dace Rhinichthys cataractae Native Maintain 4 103 Notropis mirror shiner spectrunculus Native Maintain 1 16 mottled sculpin Cottus bairdi Native Maintain 1 66 mountain madtom Noturus eleutherus Native Maintain 1 1 mountain shiner Lythrurus lirus Native Maintain 1 3 northern hogsucker Hypentelium nigricans Native Maintain 4 111 northern studfish Fundulus catenatus Native Maintain 3 9 Etheostoma redline darter rufilineatum Native Maintain 3 49 river chub Nocomis micropogon Native Maintain 3 78 river redhorse Moxostoma carinatum
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