CHAPTER 1 Introduction
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Integrated Water Resources Management of Maetang Sub
lobal f G Ec o o Sucharidtham et al., J Glob Econ 2015, 3:3 l n a o n m DOI: 10.4172/2375-4389.1000150 r u i c o s J $ Journal of Global Economics ISSN: 2375-4389 Research Article OpenOpen Access Access Integrated Water Resources Management of Maetang Sub Watershed, Chiang Mai Province Thunyawadee Sucharidtham1*, Thanes Sriwichailamphan2 and Wichulada Matanboon3 1Department of Applied Economics, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan 2School of Economics, Chiang Mai University, Thailand 3Social Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Thailand Abstract Thailand has been managing water in order to solve the water problem in the country for a long time. In 2011, however, Thailand suffered a severe flood, and that means the country’s water management was not successful. Maetaeng watershed is another area that has been receiving a lot of funding to develop and solve the problem of water resources in the area continuously. Still, it was also found that the projects and budgets spent still cannot fix the problems of water resources in the area. This study aims to analyze the events, problems, and factors that can lead to the process development of integrated water resources management in Mae Taeng watershed area, Chiang Mai province. This qualitative study workshop was conducted by collecting basic information, setting a discussion panel for water users, and a workshop to brainstorm for the ideas of water management. The findings showed important factors positively affect the strength of the community, cooperation in water management of the community, and the sacrifices of strong community leaders. The negative impacts include the deforestation of certain ethnic groups, cultural diversity, a lack of awareness in the role of community leaders, as well as insufficient funding. -
Die Karen: Ideologie, Interessen Und Kultur
Die Karen: Ideologie, Interessen und Kultur Eine Analyse der Feldforschungsberichte und Theorienbildung Magisterarbeit zur Erlangung der Würde des Magister Artium der Philosophischen Fakultäten der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität zu Freiburg i. Br. 1992 vorgelegt von Reiner Buergin aus Weil am Rhein (Ausdruck vom Februar 2000) Inhaltsverzeichnis: Einleitung 1 Thema, Ziele, Vorgehensweise 5 2 Übersicht über die Literatur 6 I Die Karen in Südostasien/Einführung 9 1 Bezeichnungen und Sprache 9 2 Verbreitung der verschiedenen Gruppen und Demographie 10 3 Wirtschaftliche Verhältnisse 12 a) Brandrodungsfeldbau 12 b) Naßreisanbau 13 c) Sonstige wirtschaftliche Tätigkeiten und ökomische Krise 14 4 Soziale und politische Organisation 15 a) Entwicklung der Siedlungsform 15 b) Familie und Haushalt 16 c) Verwandtschaftsstrukturen und -gruppen 17 d) Die Dorfgemeinschaft 17 e) Die Territorialgemeinschaft 18 f) Nationalstaatliche Integration 19 5 Religion und Weltbild 20 a) Traditionelle Religionsformen 20 b) Religiöser Wandel, Buddhismus und Christentum 21 c) Mythologie, Weltbild und Werthaltung 22 II Geschichte der verschiedenen Gruppen 1 Ursprung und Einwanderung nach Hinterindien 24 a) Ursprung der Karen 24 b) Einwanderung nach Hinterindien 25 2 Karen in Hinterindien von ca. 1200 - 1800 25 a) Sgaw und Pwo in Burma 25 b) Die Kayah 27 c) Karen in Thailand 28 3 Karen in Burma und Thailand im 19. Jh. 29 a) Sgaw und Pwo in Burma 29 b) Sgaw und Pwo in Siam 31 c) Sgaw und Pwo in Nordthailand 32 d) Die Kayah im 19. Jahrhundert 33 2 4 Karen in Burma und Thailand -
Chiang Mai Lampang Lamphun Mae Hong Son Contents Chiang Mai 8 Lampang 26 Lamphun 34 Mae Hong Son 40
Chiang Mai Lampang Lamphun Mae Hong Son Contents Chiang Mai 8 Lampang 26 Lamphun 34 Mae Hong Son 40 View Point in Mae Hong Son Located some 00 km. from Bangkok, Chiang Mai is the principal city of northern Thailand and capital of the province of the same name. Popularly known as “The Rose of the North” and with an en- chanting location on the banks of the Ping River, the city and its surroundings are blessed with stunning natural beauty and a uniquely indigenous cultural identity. Founded in 12 by King Mengrai as the capital of the Lanna Kingdom, Chiang Mai has had a long and mostly independent history, which has to a large extent preserved a most distinctive culture. This is witnessed both in the daily lives of the people, who maintain their own dialect, customs and cuisine, and in a host of ancient temples, fascinating for their northern Thai architectural Styles and rich decorative details. Chiang Mai also continues its renowned tradition as a handicraft centre, producing items in silk, wood, silver, ceramics and more, which make the city the country’s top shopping destination for arts and crafts. Beyond the city, Chiang Mai province spreads over an area of 20,000 sq. km. offering some of the most picturesque scenery in the whole Kingdom. The fertile Ping River Valley, a patchwork of paddy fields, is surrounded by rolling hills and the province as a whole is one of forested mountains (including Thailand’s highest peak, Doi Inthanon), jungles and rivers. Here is the ideal terrain for adventure travel by trekking on elephant back, river rafting or four-wheel drive safaris in a natural wonderland. -
The Genus Habenaria (Orchidaceae) in Thailand INTRODUCTION
THAI FOR. BULL. (BOT.), SPECIAL ISSUE: 7–105. 2009. The genus Habenaria (Orchidaceae) in Thailand HUBERT KURZWEIL1 ABSTRACT. The taxonomy of the Thai species of the largely terrestrial orchid genus Habenaria Willd. is reviewed. Forty-six species are recognised. H. humidicola Rolfe, H. poilanei Gagnep. and H. ciliolaris Kraenzl. are newly recorded for Thailand based on a single collection each, although the identifi cation of the latter two is uncertain. An aberrant specimen of H. viridifl ora (Rottler ex Sw.) Lindl. is pointed out. H. erichmichaelii Christenson is reduced to synonymy under H. rhodocheila Hance. Several diffi cult and geographically widespread species complexes are identifi ed and the need for future studies of all of the available material over the entire distribution range is emphasized. Based on the herbarium and spirit material examined here the following distribution pattern emerged: about 53 % of all collections of Thai Habenaria species were made in northern Thailand (although this may partly be due to collector’s bias) and about 15 % in north-eastern Thailand, while only between 4.5 and 7.5 % come from each of the other fl oristic regions of the country. In addition, an assessment of the conservation status has been made in all species. The present study will form the basis for a later contribution to the Flora of Thailand. KEY WORDS: Habenaria, Orchidaceae, Thailand, conservation, identifi cation, morphology, systematics. INTRODUCTION Habenaria Willd. is a largely terrestrial orchid genus placed in subfamily Orchidoideae (Pridgeon et al., 2001). The genus currently accounts for about 600 species making it by far the largest in the subfamily. -
Muang Rae Geothermal System: Drilling and Borehole Geophysics, 1000-M Core Hole Into Granitic Rock, Amphoe Pai, Mae Hong Son Province, Northern Thailand Spencer H
Boise State University ScholarWorks Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations Department of Geosciences 1-1-2016 Muang Rae Geothermal System: Drilling and Borehole Geophysics, 1000-m Core Hole into Granitic Rock, Amphoe Pai, Mae Hong Son Province, Northern Thailand Spencer H. Wood Boise State University Kriangsak Pirarai Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Aranya Fuangswasdi Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Wiboon Kaentao Panya Consultants Co., Ltd. Albert Waibel Columbia Geosciences See next page for additional authors This document was originally published in Geothermal Resources Council Transactions by Geothermal Resources Council. Copyright restrictions may apply. Authors Spencer H. Wood, Kriangsak Pirarai, Aranya Fuangswasdi, Wiboon Kaentao, Albert Waibel, and Fongsaward S. Singharajwarapan This conference proceeding is available at ScholarWorks: https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/geo_facpubs/381 GRC Transactions, Vol. 40, 2016 Muang Rae Geothermal System: Drilling and Borehole Geophysics, 1000-m Core Hole Into Granitic Rock, Amphoe Pai, Mae Hong Son Province, Northern Thailand Spencer H. Wood1, Kriangsak Pirarai2, Aranya Fuangswasdi2, Wiboon Kaentao3, Albert Waibel4, Fongsaward S. Singharajwarapan5 1Department of Geosciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA 2Department of Groundwater Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok, Thailand 3Geological Engineering and Business Development Division, Panya Consultants Co.,Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand 4Columbia Geosciences, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA 5Groundwater Technology Service Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] • [email protected] Keywords Thailand, geothermal, geology, Muang Rae, Pai, Mae Hong Son, granite, resistivity, borehole geophysics, temperature logs, geochemistry ABSTRACT In 2015, a 1-km core hole was drilled into granitic rock at the Muang Rae geothermal area. -
Decentralization, Empowerment and Tourism Development:Pai Title Town in Mae Hong Son, Thailand
Decentralization, Empowerment and Tourism Development:Pai Title Town in Mae Hong Son, Thailand Author(s) LORTANAVANIT, Duangjai Citation 東南アジア研究 (2009), 47(2): 150-179 Issue Date 2009-09-30 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/108385 Right Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 47, No. 2, September 2009 Decentralization, Empowerment and Tourism Development: Pai Town in Mae Hong Son, Thailand Duangjai LORTANAVANIT* Abstract In the once-remote valley of Pai in Mae Hong Son Province in northwestern Thailand, tourism has been a powerful force shaping dramatic changes. However, tourism is a complex subject involving a range of actors and actions both within and outside the valley. It has occurred simultaneously with other trans- formational processes in Thai society. This paper focuses on Viengtai, the market and administrative center of Pai District, drawing on observations made from 1997 to the present, including dissertation field work in 2005 and 2006. This study seeks to describe and interpret processes and practices at work in Pai, where a range of social actors compete and negotiate over resources and notions of culture and locality, with an emphasis on political decentralization. It will describe the interaction between actors in resource management for tourism development in Pai from the 1980s to the present. It describes the distinct fea- tures of the negotiations and conflicts regarding resources and notions of culture and locality among local communities, entrepreneurs, tourists, NGOs, and state and local administration in the era of political decentralization in Thailand. Keywords: community tourism, empowerment, decentralization I Introduction Tourism is a leading foreign exchange earner of the Thai economy, and has been the focus of investment, state policy and media attention in recent decades. -
Interbasin Transfers Within Thailand*: the Salween/Luam/Ping/Chao Phraya Projects
Interbasin Transfers within Thailand*: the Salween/Luam/Ping/Chao Phraya projects An interbasin transfer is an engineering scheme that diverts some or all of the discharge from a discrete river basin (or from a sub-basin within a larger catchment) LQWRDVWUHDPGUDLQLQJDFRPSOHWHO\GLͿHUHQWEDVLQRU sub-basin, thereby agumenting the latters’ discharge by a volume equivalent to that diminished from the source catchment. The two main motivations for interbasin transfers are: LQK\GURSRZHUHQJLQHHULQJWRWDNHDGYDQWDJHRIWKH UHFHLYLQJVWUHDPV·WRSRJUDSK\WRVLJQLÀFDQWO\LQFUHDVH the hydrostatic head of the release from a reservoir in the original catchment, through a canal or tunnel to a generating facility in the receiving catchment that is much lower in relative elevation than would be practica- ble within the source basin. The result is a much higher energy yield, for a given dam+reservoir, with only a relatively minor increase in overall capital investment. 7KH6DOZHHQ 7KDQOZLQLQ%XUPHVH HVWXDU\DW0\DZODPD\Q0\DQPDUDQLPDWHGÁ\WKURXJK The Chao Phraya delta at Krungthep (Bangkok) The best example in our study area is the Nam Theun 2 project in the Lao PDR, which diverts some 300 cumecs of water from the Theun-Kading basin into the Xe Bang Fai (XBF) basin, via both excavated new canals and existing XBF tributaries. LQZDWHUUHVRXUFHVPDQDJHPHQWIRUEHWWHUPHHWLQJ both M&I and irrigation demands; where the existing EDVLQ·VDJJUHJDWHGLVFKDUJHLVLQVXFLHQWWRIXOÀO essential needs in dry-season or drought conditions. As seen in the instant case (the Salween-Chao Phraya proposal), the energy requirements of interbasin transfer schemes of this category —where the source catchment is at a lower elevation than the receiving basin may be Oblique space imagery and schematic speed-drDwing of Thanlwin/Salween-Luam-Ping/Chao Phraya interbasin transfer components TXLWHH[WUHPHEXWWKHFRVWEHQHÀWHFRQRPLFVRISXPSLQJ Coordinates: 17°4955N 97°4131E Yuam River From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia vs. -
Factors Influencing People's Five Precepts Observance, a Case
44 Vol. 1 No. 1 (January – June 2015) Factors Influencing People’s Five Precepts Observance, A Case Study of Pgaz-Koen-Yau Community in Ban Mae Ka Nai, Mae Ho Sub-District, Mae Sariang District, Mae Hong Son Province Uten Laping ,Sangad Chienjuntuk, Kittikoon Phoolaiyao, Kittikoon Phoolaiyao , Pradit Kammungkun and Monthri Wichaiwong Mahamakut Buddhist University Lanna Campus Abstract The purposes of this research are 1) to study the factors influencing people’s observance of the five precepts 2) to identity the advantages of observing the five precepts and 3) to recommends methods for observing the five precepts for people in Pgaz-koen-yau Community in Ban Mae KaNai, Mae Ho Sub-District, Mae Sariang District, Mae Hong Son Province. Ten samples included the abbot, monks, community leader, teacher and residents of Pgaz-koen-yau Community in Ban Mae KaNai, Mae Ho Sub-District, Mae Sariang District, Mae Hong Son Province. Data were collected by interviewed and the descriptive analysis was used to analyze data in order to present quantitative descriptions of the data. The research found that 1) Temples, schools and community have supported the Buddhist activities. The traditional beliefs have conformed to Buddhist teaching and this has encouraged people in the community to observe the five precepts. 2) Observance of the five precepts has led to happy and harmonious community with generous people. Villagers have engaged in the community activates. 3) Village community should be set up. Adults should be the good role models for the youngsters. Keywords : Factors, observance of the five precepts, Pgaz-koen-yau people Introduction Buddhism is considered as an official religion of Thailand as the majority practices Buddhism. -
Tantinpankul, W., 2011, “Rethinking and Designing Cultivation Landscape of the Royal Project Development Centers in Chiang
IFLA Congress 2011 Hospitality: Interact with the land Rethinking and Designing Cultivation Landscape of the Royal Project Development Centers in Chiang Mai Worrasit Tantinipankul School of Architecture and Design, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi 49 Soi Tientalay 25 Bangkhuntien-Chaitalay Road, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok Thailand 10150 Phone: 66(2)470-7888 Fax : 66(2)452-3792 Introduction Initiated in 1969, the Royal Project was founded and aspired to transform the mountainous landscape of the Northern Thailand from illicit opium cultivation to lucrative western crops by the initiation of His Majesty King Bhumibol of Thailand. Half century later, the Royal Project Foundation (established in 1992) became successful in eliminating drug narcotic farming and reducing deforestation from the Northern region of Thailand thus introducing green produces of western exotic fruits, flowers and vegetables into Thai market. Despite its successful story and stable business in agricultural products, without the proper plans, its 38 agricultural development centers have grown physically without clear direction. It agro-industrial production facilities thus have created unfit visual effects to this charming view of hilly landscape of Chiang Mai’s mountain range while most of the centers’ neighboring land became popular for the resort development of sightseeing and recreational activities and agro-tourism businesses. This landscape transformation was a result of the growing new wave of tourism business such as eco- tourism and agro-tourism while most of the Royal Project centers are focusing on developing agricultural technology to cope with competitive fresh produce market. Consequently rising number of responsible visitors are in search of unique pristine natural setting with knowledge of preserving ecological system but these Royal Project centers only provide them unorganized plots of farmland and unfit structures of warehouses, packaging buildings and greenhouses. -
Pai Town in Mae Hong Son, Thailand
Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 47, No. 2, September 2009 Decentralization, Empowerment and Tourism Development: Pai Town in Mae Hong Son, Thailand Duangjai LORTANAVANIT* Abstract In the once-remote valley of Pai in Mae Hong Son Province in northwestern Thailand, tourism has been a powerful force shaping dramatic changes. However, tourism is a complex subject involving a range of actors and actions both within and outside the valley. It has occurred simultaneously with other trans- formational processes in Thai society. This paper focuses on Viengtai, the market and administrative center of Pai District, drawing on observations made from 1997 to the present, including dissertation field work in 2005 and 2006. This study seeks to describe and interpret processes and practices at work in Pai, where a range of social actors compete and negotiate over resources and notions of culture and locality, with an emphasis on political decentralization. It will describe the interaction between actors in resource management for tourism development in Pai from the 1980s to the present. It describes the distinct fea- tures of the negotiations and conflicts regarding resources and notions of culture and locality among local communities, entrepreneurs, tourists, NGOs, and state and local administration in the era of political decentralization in Thailand. Keywords: community tourism, empowerment, decentralization I Introduction Tourism is a leading foreign exchange earner of the Thai economy, and has been the focus of investment, state policy and media attention in recent decades. Yet, it is a complex subject, involving a range of actors and actions both within and outside the valley, occurring simultaneously with other transforma- tional processes in Thai society. -
Report of Thailand on Cartographic Activities During the Period of 2007-2009*
UNITED NATIONS E/CONF.100/CRP.15 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL Eighteenth United Nations Regional Cartographic Conference for Asia and the Pacific Bangkok, 26-29 October 2009 Item 7(a) of the provisional agenda Country Reports Report of Thailand on Cartographic Activities * During the Period of 2007-2009 * Prepared by Thailand Report of Thailand on Cartographic Activities During the Period of 2007-2009 This country report of Thailand presents in brief the cartographic activities during the reporting period 2007-2009 performed by government organizations namely Royal Thai Survey Department , Hydrographic Department and Meteorological Department. The Royal Thai Survey Department (RTSD) The Royal Thai Survey Department is the national mapping organization under the Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters , Ministry of Defense. Its responsibilities are to survey and to produce topographic maps of Thailand in support of national security , spatial data infrastructure and other country development projects. The work done during 2007-2009 is summarized as follows. 1. Topographic maps in Thailand Topographic maps in Thailand were initiated in the reign of King Rama the 5th. In 1868, topographic maps covering border area on the west of Thailand were carried out for the purpose of boundary demarcation between Thailand and Burma. Collaboration with western countries, maps covering Bangkok and Thonburi were produced. During 1875, with farsighted thought in country development, King Rama the 5th established Topographic Department serving road construction in Bangkok and set up telecommunication network from Bangkok to Pratabong city. Besides, during this period of time, maps covering Thai gulf were produced serving marine navigation use. In 1881, Mr. Mcarthy from the United Kingdom was appointed as director of Royal Thai Survey Department (RTSD), previously known as Topographic Department, and started conducting Triangulation survey in Thailand. -
(PAM) in a Small Watershed in Wat Chan, Northern Thailand
Agricultural Systems Working Paper No. 134 An Analysis of Land Use System Using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) In a Small Watershed in Wat Chan, Northern Thailand. Benchaphun Ekasingh, Kitiya Suriya, and Suwan Vutticharaenkarn Multiple Cropping Center, Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University February 2000 2 An Analysis of Land Use Systems Using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) in a Small Watershed in Wat Chan, Northern Thailand. Benchaphun Ekasingh, Kitiya Suriya, and Suwan Vutticharaenkarn Abstract 8 crops in 6 farming systems grown by Karen highland communities in Wat Chan, Mae Chaem watershed, Chiang Mai, Thailand were investigated for their private and social profitability using the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) framework. The 8 crops were paddy rice, upland rice, ginger, taro, Japanese pumpkin, lettuce, green pepper and gladiolus. The latter 4 crops were the newly introduced crops by the Royal Project. They were found to be both privately and socially profitable and should be expanded. The other 4 crops were both traditional crops (paddy rice and upland rice) and commercial crops (ginger and taro). These were found to be privately unprofitable but when assessed using adjusted social prices, paddy rice and taro became socially profitable. Ginger and upland rice remained socially unprofitable crops and should be discouraged as a crop in the highlands, unless their productivity or prices improve. The examination of PAM ratios found that in all cases, there was a net negative transfer on these crops meaning that the government or the society were "taxing" the Karen highland farmers without adequate compensation. The net "taxes" came either in lower output prices, higher input prices or higher factor prices, even after transportation costs were taken into account.