Colonial America in the 18Th Century II: Empire and Enlightenment

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Colonial America in the 18th Century II: Empire and Enlightenment The Enlightenment (Europe & the colonies, late 1600s to late 1700s) natural laws Deists Structure of government: COLONIAL GOVERNMENT ENGLISH GOVERNMENT (King &) Parliament: Governor Prime Minister Council House of Lords Assembly House of Commons Colonial Assemblies Mercantilism Navigation Acts (several, passed 1651–96) Anglo-Dutch Wars (1652–74) Empire The French and Indian War (1754-63) [aka The Seven Years War (1756-63)] Iroquois Confederacy: Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida impressment Peace of Paris (1763) Writs of Assistance (1760) in Massachusetts Sugar Act (1764) tariff Stamp Act (1765) internal tax vs external tax virtual representation vs actual representation o James Otis Stamp Act Crisis Sam Adams & the Sons of Liberty Stamp Act Congress (1765) HIST 17A Dr. Schaffer The Run-up to War Charles Townshend: Quartering Act (1765) → New York Suspending Act (1767) Townshend Duties [Revenue Acts] (1767); repealed 1770 (except the tax on tea) Daughters of Liberty & nonconsumption Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770) John Adams committees of correspondence (Samuel Adams) Tea Act (1773) Boston Tea Party (Dec 16, 1773) Coercive Acts [Intolerable Acts] (1774) General Thomas Gage, royal governor of Massachusetts First Continental Congress (met in Philadelphia from September to October of 1774) The Revolutionary War (1775-83) Begins Battles of Lexington & Concord (April 1775); Paul Revere & William Dawes o minutemen vs Redcoats o guerilla warfare Second Continental Congress (met from May 1775 until the end of the war) o Continental Army & George Washington . Battle of Breed’s & Bunker Hill (June 1775) o committee to write the Declaration of Independence: Thomas Jefferson (Virginia), John Adams (Mass), Benjamin Franklin (PA), Robert R. Livingston (NY), Roger Sherman (CT) HIST 120 Dr. Schaffer .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Vanguards of Empire ANU Library Copy
Vanguards of Empire: the lives of William Dawes, Watkin Tench and George Worgan. A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University. Robert Michael Clarke Canberra September 2015 1 Unless otherwise indicated, this is my own original work. Robert Michael Clarke September 2015 2 Acknowledgements I am grateful to the professionalism and assistance received in the many libraries and repositories I visited in Australia and Britain. The librarians from the William Cullen Library at the University of Witwatersrand were prompt and efficient in providing copies of some important correspondence. The staff at the Museum of English Rural Life Library at the University of Reading willingly agreed to fit me in during a day when research facilities were normally closed. I was impressed with the cheerful assistance and encouragement I received from the many county record offices and history centres I visited in Britain. Dr. Ann Coats of the Naval Dockyards Society, Portsmouth was quick to provide information requested. Christine & Colin Edwards, and Anthony Wood, Cornish historians, provided encouragement and guidance and were warm and generous with their hospitality. I will always be grateful that I was able to study History at the University of New England at the end of the 1980s. Alan Atkinson, David Kent and the other members of the team made a lasting impression but especially, the late Norma Townsend. Shortly after enrolling for this degree I read many articles and blog entries about the loneliness of the doctoral student. There is much truth in that, but for me it was alleviated considerably by the encouragement, advice, general support and wisdom I received from my thesis supervisors.
[Show full text]
Battles of Lexington and Concord Battles of Lexington and Concord
Battles of Lexington and Concord Battles of Lexington and Concord In April, 1775, British soldiers marched out of Boston to seize a In April, 1775, British soldiers marched out of Boston to seize a stockpile of colonial weapons and arrest members of the Sons of stockpile of colonial weapons and arrest members of the Sons of Liberty. Warned by Paul Revere and William Dawes that “The Redcoats Liberty. Warned by Paul Revere and William Dawes that “The Redcoats are coming!,” about seventy Minutemen stood in Lexington ready to face are coming!,” about seventy Minutemen stood in Lexington ready to face about 250 British soldiers. No one knows who fired first, but seven about 250 British soldiers. No one knows who fired first, but seven Americans were killed before British soldiers moved past Lexington to Americans were killed before British soldiers moved past Lexington to Concord. In Concord, they were met with more Minutemen who Concord. In Concord, they were met with more Minutemen who fought back until the British retreated. Americans regrouped and fought back until the British retreated. Americans regrouped and continued firing on the British throughout their twenty mile march back continued firing on the British throughout their twenty mile march back to Boston. Lexington and Concord are considered the first battles of to Boston. Lexington and Concord are considered the first battles of the American Revolution. American poet Ralph Waldo Emerson described the American Revolution. American poet Ralph Waldo Emerson described this event as “the shot heard round the world.” this event as “the shot heard round the world.” Directions: Directions: 1) Glue this into your journal.
[Show full text]
The Famous Ride of Paul Revere К
к The Famous Ride of Paul Revere Paul Revere loved his children and grandchildren. (He had at least 51 grandchildren!) He called them his “little lambs.” Imagine that you are sitting with Paul Revere and some of those grandchildren, hearing about the famous ride of April 18, 1775. Listen! The British were going to march, our spies told us. Soon, they would cross the Charles River. From there they could capture Samuel Adams and John Hancock, who were in Lexington planning the fight against the British. Then they could march on to capture our patriot weapons, stored in Concord. Adams and Hancock had to be warned. The townspeople had to be warned, too, so that they could defend our weapons. The Regulars—the British soldiers—were coming, and people needed to know! I had a plan already. First, I hurried to Christ Church, to give a warning to those waiting across the river. We had agreed on a code: one lantern would be lit in the church steeple window if the British were to leave Boston by land, two lanterns would be lit if they were to leave by the river. Light two lanterns, I told my friend who waited in the steeple. Two friends were waiting to row me across the river to Charlestown. But in the excitement, I had forgotten my spurs! Then I noticed that my little dog had followed me. I wrote a quick note to your grandmother, tied it around the dog’s neck, and sent the dog home. The dog returned shortly—carrying my spurs.
[Show full text]
Paul Revere's Ride Cross-Curricular Teaching Idea
CK_4_TH_HG_P087_242.QXD 10/6/05 9:02 AM Page 179 The First Continental Congress, as it was called, adopted the Suffolk Resolves, which had been passed earlier in Suffolk County, Massachusetts. The resolves declared the Intolerable Acts unlawful and called for • a boycott of British goods, • the formation of a government in Massachusetts to replace the one disband- Paul Revere’s Ride General Thomas Gage, the commander of the British army and the governor- general of Massachusetts since the colony’s charter was revoked, was determined to seize the arsenal that his spies told him was stored at nearby Concord. On the night of April 18, 1775, some 700 British infantry marched out of Boston en route to Concord, about 17 miles away. They had expected to use their night departure to surprise the colonists, but the redcoats were constantly watched. Any unusual activity was noticed by the colonists. The colonists had discovered that General Gage had requested that the Cross-curricular British fleet anchored in Boston Harbor be prepared to use its longboats to ferry Teaching Idea his soldiers across the Charles River so they would be closer to Concord. But the You may wish to teach two poems colonial soldiers were not sure if this was Gage’s real plan or a ruse to trick them. from Language Arts, “Paul Revere’s The British might also march overland out of Boston. Ride” (pp. 38–39) and “Concord One of the observers was Paul Revere, a silversmith by trade and a Patriot. Hymn” (p. 35), in conjunction with On the night of April 18, he was prepared to spread the alarm.
[Show full text]
William Dawes, Jr. (1745-1799) Slab Grave King’S Chapel Burying Ground Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts Patriot Index / Revolutionary War Graves Register Nat’L
1 William Dawes, Jr. (1745-1799) slab grave King’s Chapel Burying Ground Boston, Suffolk Co., Massachusetts Patriot Index / Revolutionary War Graves Register Nat’l. Society SAR (NSSAR) Louisville, KY, Headquarters December 24, 2014 Submitted by James Edward Mitchell, Chairman Texas Society SAR RevWar Graves Committee On the date above, Compatriot Charlie E. Scott, Editor (newsletter) of The Kentucky Pioneer sent along my copy of Vol 10, Issue 10, (pg 15) that arrived upon my doorstep with a small color photograph of the front street entrance of the ‘Green Dragon’ Tavern at Boston taken previously by Compatriot Tom Geimeier. Charlie, Tom Higgins Past Pres., of the KYSSAR, and, I go back together, through reenacting in colonial clothing to perpetuate our shared American societal beginnings during the Revolutionary War. This story is shared for the benefit of any NSSAR Compatriot to speak publically and factually about Boston’s Seat of Revolution and an American spy cell and first patriot intelligence network on record, known as the Mechanics. This group grew out of another organization, Sons of Liberty that had successfully formed to oppose the dreaded Stamp Act. Kenneth A. Daigler’s book entitled: Spies, Patriots and Traitors published in 2014 by the Georgetown University Press at WDC, depicts the Boston branch of the ‘Sons of Liberty’ over the summer of 1765 as achieving modest success at spreading information and furthering a united political position against the British authorities while, radical more violent street leaders preferred riots, looting, physical destruction of the stamps, and assaults on British stamp agents. In Boston riots were anything but calm organized demonstrations! Daigler wrote that activists enjoyed intimidating local British officials.
[Show full text]
Social Studies Grade 4 Week 6 (September 21-25, 2020) Monday
Social Studies Grade 4 Week 6 (September 21-25, 2020) Monday Step 1: Students will read information on the Battles of Lexington and Concord. The British Are Coming! A year before the colonies declared independence, Massachusetts was the center of rebellion in the colonies. General Thomas Gage was the new British governor of Massachusetts. He learned militias were storing gunpowder and cannons in the town of Concord, 20 miles from Boston. General Gage feared the colonists were planning a rebellion. General Gage decided to send troops to seize the colonists’ weapons. The British would march to Concord at night to take the militia by surprise! But the Sons of Liberty had many spies in Boston. They soon discovered General Gage’s plan. The Midnight Ride On the night of April 18, 1775, 700 British soldiers marched out of Boston toward Concord. At the same time, colonists Paul Revere and William Dawes rode out from Boston. They raced on horseback from town to town, warning the minutemen, “The regulars are coming out!” Battles of Lexington and Concord The British marched toward Concord. But Paul Revere and William Dawes had already sounded the alarm. The Massachusetts minutemen at Lexington were ready to fight! No one is sure who fired first, but shots soon rang out. Eight American patriots died in the battle of Lexington. The British regrouped and continued toward Concord. Outside of Concord, minutemen and British troops clashed. After losing several men, the British retreated toward Boston. Along the way, minutemen attacked the British from the forests and behind fences and walls.
[Show full text]
The First Continental Congressseptember 1774 Philadelphia, PA
The First Continental CongressSeptember 1774 Philadelphia, PA All colonies except Georgia attended. 1. Delegates voted to stop trading with England until the Intolerable Acts were repealed. 2. Train Colonial militia 3. Meet in 1 year March 1775 Virginia lawyer Patrick Henry encouraged the Virginia militia to prepare for war. He ended a famous speech with the words, “give me liberty, or give me death!” Paul Revere learned of the Lexington and Concord British plans to destroy the Patriot’s weapons storage in Concord. He also heard the British may try to arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock. Paul Revere, William Dawes, and Samuel Prescott rode towards Concord to warn the militia. The true story The route to Concord Use the map on page 288 to draw the route Revere, Dawes, and Prescott took to Concord. April 19, 1775: The Battle of Lexington Minutemen answer the call to arms. British soldiers surround the Patriots. A shot fires. “The shot heard round the world.” 8 Minutemen killed, 9 injured, 1 British soldier injured. The British continue marching to Concord. Lexington and Concord April 19, 1775: The Battle of Concord When they arrived in Concord, the British soldiers searched for weapons, but did not find any. The women of Concord hid the military supplies in fields and barns all over The Patriots soon outnumbered the British and won the battle. British troops retreated to Boston. town. The revolution had begun! June 16th and 17th, 1775: Bunker Hill The Patriots goal was to force the British to leave Boston. Men worked all night long to build a fort on Breed’s Hill.
[Show full text]
“The Regulars Are Coming Out:” Paul Revere and Diligence
“The Regulars are Coming Out:” Paul Revere and Diligence Handout A: Narrative BACKGROUND After a decade of American resistance against British taxes and tyranny, the Boston Tea Party in December 1773 finally prompted a harsh British response that sent the two peoples on a path to war. The following year, the British Parliament passed the Coercive Acts to severely punish Boston until restitution was made for the destroyed tea. These acts galvanized a united response to the British as the colonists sent representatives to the First and Second Continental Congress to decide on a common course of action. Meanwhile, the colonies kept each other updated on events through Committees of Correspondence that depended on riders to travel back and forth with the letters between leaders of the resistance. As the first shots were fired at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, the cause of liberty in Boston became the cause of America. NARRATIVE In the evening of April 18, 1775, Paul Revere received word through the Boston spy network that a group of British troops were making quiet preparations for an expedition to seize a cache of weapons in Concord and arrest two ringleaders of the resistance, John Hancock and Samuel Adams. Revere prepared to ride out and warn the countryside that the British were coming at no small risk to himself. The British had thousands of troops in Boston, warships in its harbor, and roving patrols to capture riders such as Revere. However, Revere had ridden through danger before; during the past few years had been a key messenger in spreading news in the American resistance.
[Show full text]
The Dawes Family of Good Hope, Yass, New South Wales
The Dawes Family of Good Hope, Yass, New South Wales A Family History Compiled from various sources and written by Joan Murray Dawes B.A.(LibSc) 2018 For Bill and Babe This is a story for the many Australian descendants of a Yass pioneer family created by Emigrants William Henry Daws from Cornwall, per “Herefordshire” 1857 & Mary Anne Flanagan from Galway, per “Kate” 1855 Married Yass NSW 1859 Why do we research our Family History? We are the chosen. My feeling is that in each family there is one who seems called to find the ancestors. To put flesh on their bones and make them live again. To tell the family story and to feel that somehow those who went before know and approve. To me, doing genealogy is not a cold gathering of facts but, instead, breathing life into all who have gone before. We are the storytellers of the tribe. All tribes have one. We have been called as if it were in our genes. Those who have gone before cry out to us; Tell our story. So, we do. In finding them, we somehow find ourselves. How many graves have I stood before now and cried? I have lost count. How many times have I told my ancestors, "You have a wonderful family; you would be proud of us." How many times have I walked up to a grave and felt somehow there was love there for me? I cannot say. It goes beyond just documenting the facts. It goes to who I am, and why I do the things I do.
[Show full text]
A Review of Fischer's Paul Revere's Ride Sarah Bischoff
The Histories Volume 6 | Issue 1 Article 7 A Review of Fischer's Paul Revere's Ride Sarah Bischoff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Bischoff, Sarah () "A Review of Fischer's Paul Revere's Ride," The Histories: Vol. 6 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/the_histories/vol6/iss1/7 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Scholarship at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The iH stories by an authorized editor of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Histories, Volume 6, Number 1 29 Book Review I Paul Revere's Ride By David Hackett Fischer Reviewed by Sarah Bischoff ‘08 Few college students have made it through their elementary and secondary education without encountering the poem “Paul Revere’s Ride” by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. It is filled with imagery that sheds light on the heroism of one man who dares to defy the British army. Riding alone in the moonlit night, Paul Revere single handedly warns the citizens of towns surrounding Boston of the impending invasion. Thus, the Americans are able to unite against the British redcoats to begin a war that will eventually win them independence. While Longfellow’s poem makes for a very good story, it is nevertheless very misleading. In Paul Revere's Ride, Professor of History David Hackett Fischer of Brandeis University uses a wealth of primary sources to construct an accurate portrayal of an event that is often known to Americans simply as Paul Revere’s Ride.
[Show full text]
The Other Riders
Reading for The Other Riders Information History Article What’s the Connection? The poem you just read celebrates Paul Revere, but did you know he aul evere’s ide Henry was not the only brave rider on the eve of the Revolutionary War? The Wadsworth Longfellow Illustration by Christopher Bing. Listen, my children, and you shall hear 15 Then he said “Good-night!” and with muffled oar Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere, Silently rowed to the Charlestown shore, On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five; What mood does this Just as the moon rose over the bay, painting convey? 2 following article tells about two equally important but lesser-known Hardly a man is now alive Where swinging wide at her moorings lay 5 Who remembers that famous day and year. The Somerset, British man-of-war;3 20 A phantom ship, with each mast and spar4 He said to his friend, “If the British march Across the moon like a prison bar, By land or sea from the town to-night, And a huge black hulk, that was magnified Hang a lantern aloft in the belfry arch By its own reflection in the tide. b b NARRATIVE POETRY Of the North Church tower as a signal light,— What is the conflict being described? 10 One if by land, and two if by sea; Meanwhile, his friend through alley and street And I on the opposite shore will be, 25 Wanders and watches, with eager ears, Ready to ride and spread the alarm Till in the silence around him he hears heroes: William Dawes and Samuel Prescott.
[Show full text]
Chapter 4: the American Revolution, 1754-1783
Unit 2 Resources SUGGESTED PACING CHART Unit 2 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Unit 2 (1 Day) (5 Days) (4 Days) (5 Days) (2 Days) Day 1 Day 1 Day 1 Day 1 Day 1 Introduction Chapter 4 Intro, Chapter 5 Intro, Chapter 6 Intro, Wrap-Up/Project Section 1 Section 1 Section 1 Day 2 Day 2 Day 2 Day 2 Unit 2 Section 2 Section 2 Section 2 Assessment Day 3 Day 3 Day 3 Section 3 Section 3 Section 3 Day 4 Day 4 Day 4 Section 4 Chapter 5 Section 4 Day 5 Assessment Day 5 Chapter 4 Chapter 6 Assessment Assessment Use the following tools to easily assess student learning in a variety of ways: • Performance Assessment • tav.glencoe.com Activities and Rubrics • Interactive Tutor Self-Assessment CD-ROM • Chapter and Unit Tests • MindJogger Videoquiz • Section Quizzes • ExamView® Pro Testmaker CD-ROM • Standardized Test Skills Practice Workbook • SAT I/II Test Practice • tav.glencoe.com TEACHING TRANSPARENCIES The American Vision Unit 2 Map Overlay Transparencies Cause-and-Effect Transparency 2 Visit the American Vision Web site for history overviews, activities, assessments, and updated charts and graphs. Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. • www.socialstudies.glencoe.com CAUSE-AND-EFFECT TRANSPARENCY 2 Glencoe Social Studies Creating a Nation Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Creating a Nation Visit the Glencoe Web site for social studies activities, Base Causes Effects Land Claims in North America, 1783 Map Map Transparency 2 A B C D E Proclamation of France and Spain 1763 limits colonial aid the Patriots settlement beyond updates, and links to other sites.
[Show full text]