Labeo Curriei (A Carp, No Common Name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary

Labeo curriei (a carp, no common name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, April 2012 Revised, April 2018 Web Version, 6/6/2018

Photo: J. Armbruster. Licensed under CC BY-NA-SA. Available: http://eol.org/data_objects/23026704. (April 2018).

1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Africa: Saint Paul River in Liberia [Lévêque and Daget 1984, Lévêque 1990, Paugy et al. 1994, Lévêque 2003]. [Paugy et al. 1994] reports presence in Mano [Sierra Leone and Liberia], Moa [Sierra Leone and Guinea] and Lofa [Liberia] rivers. May also be present in the Corubal River in Guinea-Bissau [Reid 1985], but this needs to be confirmed [Lévêque 1990, Lévêque 2003].”

Status in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the U.S.

Means of Introductions in the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the U.S.

Remarks From Olaosebikan (2010):

“The extent of occurrence and area of occupancy thresholds for Critically Endangerd [sic] are met (with an EOO and AOO [area of occupancy] of less than10 km²); and the species is found in a single location (River Via, Saint Paul drainage in Liberia). There are indications of continuing habitat degradation by deforestation, farming and mining with possible decline in population. The last reported collection of specimen was in 1969.”

2 Biology and Ecology Taxonomic Hierarchy and Taxonomic Standing From ITIS (2018):

“Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Actinopterygii Class Teleostei Superorder Ostariophysi Order Cypriniformes Superfamily Cyprinoidea Family Cyprinidae Genus Labeo Species Labeo curriei Fowler, 1919”

From Eschmeyer et al. (2018):

“Current status: Valid as Labeo curriei Fowler 1919. Cyprinidae: Labeoninae.”

Size, Weight, and Age Range From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Maximum TL was recorded at 21 cm [Lévêque and Daget 1984].”

Environment From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Freshwater; benthopelagic.”

Climate/Range From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Tropical”

Distribution Outside the United States Native From Froese and Pauly (2018):

From Olaosebikan (2010):

“This species is reliably known only from the types locality, River Via, Saint Paul drainage in Liberia.”

Introduced This species has not been reported as introduced or established outside of its native range.

Means of Introduction Outside the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established outside of its native range.

Short Description From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Dorsal soft rays (total): 14; Anal soft rays: 8. Diagnosis: dorsal profile arched; deep body; body depth 3.3-3.6x SL; depth of caudal peduncle 0.6-0.7x its length; numerous gill rakers: 57-69 (50- 150mm) and 78 (150-250 mm); scale formula 5.5/36/4.5; 3.5-4.5 scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base; 16 scales around caudal peduncle; 10 dorsal fin branched rays; known from Liberia [Lévêque 1990, Lévêque 2003].”

“Affinities: distinguished from other Labeo species by its high body and the # and form of the gill rakers.”

From Fowler (1919):

“Head moderate, compressed; cheeks not much swollen. Snout broad, convex over surface, long as wide. Eye small, front edge about midway in head length, supero-lateral, entirely visible from above but not below. Mouth broad, slightly crescentic as seen below; lower jaw greatly inferior. Maxillary to hind nostril. Lips thick, fleshy, inner surface formed with transverse plicae made up of papillae. Small barbel near end of maxillary largely concealed. Each jaw edge as firm, entire horny sheath. Nostrils together, separated by short skinny flap, at last fourth in snout. Interorbital broad, slightly convex.”

“Scales large, rather narrowly uniform in exposure; scarcely smaller on caudal base, though much more so on breast, so about 18 transversely across between pectoral origins. Free pointed scaly ventral flap about two-fifths of fin. Scales finely striate, about 24 to 28 basal and 60 to 70 apical, circuli all very fine but not complete apically. Lateral line midway along side, complete, inconspicuous, nearly straight, and with small simple tubes.”

“Dorsal origin about midway between snout tip and caudal base, upper edge concave, first 2 branched ray longest and extends far back as tip of last or 13 to caudal base. Anal inserted about opposite tip of depressed dorsal, fin falcate, with first branched ray longest and reaching slightly beyond caudal base, though not quite to hind limit of caudal squamation. Caudal deeply forked, lobes pointed and upper little longer; fin large. Pectoral moderate, extends three-fourths to ventral. Latter inserted about opposite third branched dorsal ray base, and fin three-fourths to anal, though not quite to vent.”

“Color in alcohol deep dusky-bro\m, paler or more brownish below, on belly, and under surface of head. On sides and back edges of each scale slightly darker than general color. Lips pale. Fins all dusky, and on lower fins more or less dusky blackish on outer portions with narrowed paler edges. Iris dull slaty.”

Biology No information available.

Human Uses No information available.

Diseases No information available. No OIE-reportable diseases have been documented for this species.

Threat to Humans From Froese and Pauly (2018):

“Harmless”

3 Impacts of Introductions This species has not been reported as introduced or established outside of its native range.

4 Global Distribution

Figure 1. Known global distribution of Labeo curriei, reported from Liberia and Sierra Leone. Map from GBIF Secretariat (2018).

5 Distribution Within the United States This species has not been reported as introduced or established in the U.S.

6 Climate Matching Summary of Climate Matching Analysis The Climate 6 score (Sanders et al. 2014; 16 climate variables; Euclidean distance) for the contiguous U.S. was 0.0, which is a low climate match score. The climate match was very low across the entire contiguous U.S.

Figure 2. RAMP (Sanders et al. 2014) source map showing weather stations selected as source locations (red; Liberia and Sierra Leone) and non-source locations (gray) for Labeo curriei climate matching. Source locations from GBIF Secretariat (2018).

Figure 3. Map of RAMP (Sanders et al. 2014) climate matches for Labeo curriei in the contiguous United States based on source locations reported by GBIF Secretariat (2018). 0= Lowest match, 10=Highest match.

The “High”, “Medium”, and “Low” climate match categories are based on the following table:

Climate 6: Proportion of Climate Match (Sum of Climate Scores 6-10) / (Sum of total Climate Scores) Category 0.000

7 Certainty of Assessment There is almost no information available on Labeo curriei. There no information available on the biology of this species. Further information is necessary to adequately assess the risk this species poses. Certainty of this assessment is low.

8 Risk Assessment Summary of Risk to the Contiguous United States Labeo curriei is a freshwater carp native to Africa. This species has a low climate match with the contiguous U.S. There is little information available about this species, and there have been no documented introductions of this species outside of its native range. Further information is needed to adequately assess the risk this species poses to the contiguous U.S., so certainty of this assessment is low. The overall risk assessment category is Uncertain.

Assessment Elements  History of Invasiveness (Sec. 3): Uncertain  Climate Match (Sec. 6): Low  Certainty of Assessment (Sec. 7): Low  Overall Risk Assessment Category: Uncertain

9 References Note: The following references were accessed for this ERSS. References cited within quoted text but not accessed are included below in Section 10.

Eschmeyer, W. N., R. Fricke, and R. van der Laan, editors. 2018. Catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. Available: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp. (April 2018).

Fowler, H. W. 1919. The fishes of the United States Eclipse Expedition to West Africa. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 56:195-292.

Froese, R., and D. Pauly, editors. 2018. Labeo curriei (Fowler, 1919). FishBase. Available: http://www.fishbase.org/summary/5290. (April 2018).

GBIF Secretariat. 2018. GBIF backbone taxonomy: Labeo curriei, Fowler, 1919. Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen. Available: https://www.gbif.org/species/5206176. (April 2018).

ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). 2018. Labeo curriei (Fowler, 1919). Integrated Taxonomic Information System, Reston, Virginia. Available: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=689 279#null. (April 2018).

Olaosebikan, B. D. 2010. Labeo curriei. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T182328A7860147. Available: http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/182328/0. (April 2018).

Sanders, S., C. Castiglione, and M. H. Hoff. 2014. Risk Assessment Mapping Program: RAMP. US Fish and Wildlife Service.

10 References Quoted But Not Accessed Note: The following references are cited within quoted text within this ERSS, but were not accessed for its preparation. They are included here to provide the reader with more information.

Lévêque, C. 1990. Cyprinidae. Pages 269-361 in C. Lévêque, D. Paugy, and G. G. Teugels, editors. Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium, and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris.

Lévêque, C. 2003. Cyprinidae. Pages 322-436 in D. Paugy, C. Lévêque, and G. G. Teugels, editors. The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium.

Lévêque, C., and J. Daget. 1984. Cyprinidae. Pages 217-342 in J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, and D. F. E. Thys van den Audenaerde, editors. Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). Volume 1. ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium.

Paugy, D., K. Traoré, and P. S. Diouf. 1994. Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Pages 35-66 in G. G. Teugels, J. F. Guégan, and J. J. Albaret, editors. Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Annales du Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Science Zoologique 275.

Reid, G. M. 1985. A revision of African species of Labeo (Pisces: Cyprinidae) and a re- definition of the genus. Verlag von J. Cramer, Braunschweig, Germany.