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Technical Highlights: Invasive Plant and Animal Research 2010-11 Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation Biosecurity Queensland Invasive plant and animal research 2010–11 research animal and plant Invasive Technical highlightsTechnical CS0830 2/12 ISSN 1838-6350 © State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, 2012. The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY) licence. Under this licence you are free, without having to seek our permission, to use this publication in accordance with the licence terms. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland, Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation as the source of the publication. Note: Some content in this publication may have different licence terms as indicated. For more information on this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en Contents Summary 2 Achievements 2 Business report 4 Collaboration and extension 4 External funding 6 Research and development contracts 6 Land Protection Fund 6 Research staff 7 Ecosciences Precinct 7 Health and Food Sciences Precinct 8 Robert Wicks Pest Animal Research Centre 8 Tropical Weeds Research Centre 9 Publications and presentations 10 Journal articles 10 Book chapters 10 Reports 10 Theses 11 Contributions to conferences and workshops 11 Forums and meetings 12 Lectures, seminars and interviews 13 Field days 13 Summary Achievements improve control options for calotrope with the stem-galling moth (Epiblema and we have now commenced a number strenuana) and competition from buffel Our goal is to deliver innovative, applied of experiments on chemical and grass may not be effective. science to better manage Queensland’s mechanical control. worst weeds and pest animals and to The Primary Industries Ministerial reduce their impacts on agriculture, the We are continuing to develop effective Council supported an application to environment and the community. This herbicide recommendations for release two biological control agents can be achieved by developing new and problematic weeds. Rate screening trials targeting mother-of-millions through improved pest management practices using a range of techniques (basal bark the processes laid out in the Biological and expanding our knowledge of the spraying, foliar spraying, cut stump Control Act 1987. Nationwide stakeholder impact, ecology and management of and stem injection) have identified consultation is now in progress. weeds and pest animals. In the past chemicals and application rates that will year, our team of scientists has made provide high mortality of Captain Cook Landscape protection and significant contributions towards tree. Fluroxypyr has proven the most restoration achieving this goal through our four effective for basal bark spraying, foliar research programs. spraying and cut stump applications, Our biological control program currently while glyphosate caused the highest targets three major environmental Integrated weed management mortality using stem injection. weeds of Queensland: cat’s claw creeper, Madeira vine and lantana. A long-term collaborative research Our evaluation of the efficacy of the project on the ecology and integrated EZ-Ject herbicide lance to control woody We have concluded field releases of management of bellyache bush weeds by stem injection has concluded; the leaf-sucking tingid (Carvalhotingis conducted at the Tropical Weeds results were published in The Rangeland visenda) and the leaf-tying moth Research Centre (TWRC) in Charters Journal (Vitelli & Madigan 2011). We (Hypocosmia pyrochroma) targeting cat’s Towers has now been completed. During found that this tool generally provided claw creeper. Both agents appear to have 11 years of research, we have gained effective control of the three trialled established successfully at numerous sites many new insights into the ecology (for weeds, but the degree of control varied in Queensland and New South Wales, example reproductive behaviour and among species, with efficacy influenced but monitoring is ongoing. Also, we seed longevity) and control of bellyache by herbicide and number of cartridges have completed host-specificity testing bush. We have summarised the findings injected. Treatment costs were high, on a further agent, the leaf-mining in numerous scientific publications confirming that the EZ-Ject herbicide buprestid beetle (Hylaeogena jureceki). and have also made them available lance may be most suited to weed control Results indicate that this beetle is highly to land managers across northern in sensitive areas, including those with target-specific and can severely damage Australia in the Bellyache bush (Jatropha high conservation values. cat’s claw creeper. We have submitted gossypiifolia) management manual. The an application to Australian regulatory biological control program on bellyache In our biological control program for authorities to release this agent. bush continues. Our collaborators at prickly acacia, native range surveys CABI Europe – United Kingdom (CABI and preliminary host-specificity tests Following successful host-specificity Europe–UK) are currently conducting conducted by collaborators in India have testing, Australian regulatory authorities detailed host-specificity testing of yielded a number of potential biological gave approval (in early 2011) to release the jatropha rust fungus (Phakospora control agents. We have imported three the leaf beetle (Plectonycha correntina) jatrophicola). prioritised insect species into quarantine targeting Madeira vine. The case for at the Ecosciences Precinct and one this insect was the first to be processed Our team is undertaking a collaborative rust fungus into quarantine facilities through Biosecurity Australia’s new project, funded by Meat and Livestock of collaborators at CABI Europe—UK, protocols for biological control agents. Australia (MLA), on the spread, ecology, and have commenced detailed host- We have since mass-reared the beetle invasiveness and control of calotrope. specificity testing. highly successfully in glasshouses at the The inaugural meeting of an advisory Ecosciences Precinct and have released committee—comprising representatives Studies on the impact of plant over 2000 beetles to date, primarily in from state and territory governments, competition and biological control on the western suburbs of Brisbane. pastoral companies, natural resource parthenium growing under different management bodies, community groups climatic conditions suggested that in a Host-specificity testing of a new and Charles Darwin University—was held warming climate (with elevated carbon biological control agent targeting in Katherine in 2010. Our role is to dioxide levels), biological control lantana—the budmite (Aceria lantanae)— 2 Technical highlights: invasive plant and animal research 2010–11 found it was sufficiently specific to release. recruitment is spatially displaced in A collaborative research project assessed We have imported the budmite into the relation to established individuals. This feral pig damage to grain crops and the quarantine at the Ecosciences Precinct and finding implies that in a landscape effectiveness of harvesting in managing are awaiting approval to release. where burning is used as a management feral pig populations in south-western tool, any follow-up with herbicide can Queensland. This project was supported We also carry out a number of research simply concentrate on spaces between by the Queensland Murray–Darling projects in support of Queensland’s weed established individuals to reduce Committee (QMDC) and the Australian eradication programs. They contributed recruitment, thereby reducing both Government Department of Agriculture, some important insights during the herbicide and labour costs. Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF). Field and past year: landholder surveys provided estimates Another study has shown that ant of the economic cost of feral pig damage • Trials on age to maturity of Siam communities are surprisingly resilient to to grain producers. Awareness of this weed in the wet and dry tropics invasion by cat’s claw creeper (Osunkoya will help to justify and promote feral pig showed that under ideal (pot) et al. 2011). This serves as a warning control measures. However, attempts to conditions Siam weed can initiate against making assumptions about determine the extent of feral pig damage flower buds within just four months. invasion impacts based on in grain crops using satellite imagery were This highlights the importance of visual appearances. not successful. Despite several attempts effectively surveying and controlling using visual and pixel-based approaches, infestations between early February A study investigating the impact of cat’s there was no apparent match between and the flowering period in May/June. claw creeper on 23 soil physicochemical field survey points and evident damage • Results of a seed immersion trial properties indicated that cat’s claw in the images. Monitoring of feral pig involving Siam weed, clidemia, creeper can improve soil fertility and density found that although numbers miconia and limnocharis influence nutrient cycling, making the fluctuated during the study period due demonstrated that seed from all four substratum ideal for its own growth. to environmental conditions, there was species can be readily dispersed This is consistent with previous
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