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One Theocrat's Puppet Democracy, One Nation's Democratic Deprivation

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One Theocrat's Puppet Democracy, One Nation's Democratic Deprivation NEBULA 1 37 Nebula 3.4, December 2006 The Nebula Editorial Board Dr. Samar Habib: Editor in Chief (Australia) Dr. Joseph Benjamin Afful, University of Cape Coast (Ghana) Dr. Senayon S. Alaoluw,University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) Dr. Samirah Alkasim, independent scholar (Egypt) Dr. Rebecca Beirne, The University of Newcastle (Australia) Dr. Nejmeh Khalil-Habib, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Isaac Kamola, Dartmouth College (U.S.A) Garnet Kindervater, The University of Minnesota (U.S.A) Dr. Olukoya Ogen, Obafemi Awolowo University (Nigeria) Dr. Paul Ayodele Osifodunrin, University of Lagos (Nigeria) Dr. Babak Rahimi, University of California (San Diego, U.S.A) Dr. Michael Angelo Tata, City University of New York (U.S.A) The Nebula Advisory Board Dr. Serena Anderlini-D’Onofrio, The University of Puerto Rico Dr. Paul Allatson, The University of Technology, Sydney (Australia) Dr. Benjamin Carson, Bridgewater State College (U.S.A) Dr. Murat Cemrek, Selcuk University (Turkey) Dr. Melissa Hardie, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Samvel Jeshmaridian, The City University of New York (U.S.A) Dr. Christopher Kelen, The University of Macao (China) Dr. Kate Lilley, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Karmen MacKendrick, Le Moyne College of New York (U.S.A) Dr. Tracy Biga MacLean, Academic Director, Claremont Colleges (U.S.A) Dr. Wayne Pickard, a very independent scholar (Australia) Dr. Ruying Qi, The University of Western Sydney (Australia) Dr. Ruben Safrastyan, Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Armenia) Dr. Alberto Sandoval, Mount Holyoke College (U.S.A) Dr. Judith Snodgrass, The University of Western Sydney (Australia) Dr. Helga Tawil-Souri, New York University (U.S.A) Opinions expressed in articles published in Nebula reflect those of their respective authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the journal or its editorial or advisory board members. Nebula 3.4, December 2006 Content i Note on contributors 1 Fashioning The L Word. Rebecca Beirne 26 Globalization of the media and the chal- lenges of Democratisation in Nigeria. Abimbola O. Adesoji 37 Images of Gypsies, a German Case: Gilad Margalit. Habiba Hadziavdic 46 Strange Fruit: American Culture and the Remaking of Iraqi Males at Abu Ghraib. Warren Steele 56 Adrian Hall’s Adaptations of In the Belly of the Beast. Mary Ellen Wright 64 One Theocrat’s Puppet Democracy, One Nation’s Democratic Deprivation. Yashar Keramati 73 The Odd Couple: Iran and Venezuela’s Union Through Anti-U.S. Imperialism and Oil. Yashar Keramati 82 I’ve Looked Deep into the Darkness. Jason Cootey 99 Primer: The Perils and Paradoxes of Restricted Time Travel Narration. Jason Gendler 110 Language Use in a Yoruba-Speech Community. Moses Omoniyi Ayeomoni Nebula 3.4, December 2006 Note on contributors Abimbola O. Adesoji Televising Queer Women (Palgrave Macmillan, 2007), and has published widely on queer repre- Abimbola O. Adesoji is lecturer at the Department sentation on television. Her doctoral thesis, which of History at Obafemi Awolowo University, in addressed contemporary lesbian popular cultural Ile-Ife, Nigeria. His previous publications include representations was successfully completed at the “Yoruba Proverbs as a veritable source of history”, University of Sydney, Australia. published in Proverbium 23 (2006) and “The Oduduwa Myth and the Farce of Yoruba Unity…” which is forthcoming from Entertext. Adesoji is presently working on a research project titled “The Jason Cootey Press and Ethnic Politics in Nigeria, 1960-2003.” In his contribution to Nebula, Adesoji gives us a Jason Cootey is a PhD candidate a the Utah State glimpse of the findings of his latest work. The end University, where he is studying the theory and product is an unusual stance towards globaliza- practice of professional communication. He tion and how it has benefited the Nigerian Press completed his Masters degree in Literature and in pushing for democratization, particularly in a Writing at Utah State University. He currently country rife with military rulers and coups and teachers undergraduate composition courses at counter-coups. Most interesting in this article, is USU. His previous publications include “Walking the media’s involvement in the democratization off the Dover Cliff” published by the Journal process during Nigeria’s recent years of military of the Wooden O Symposium and a co-authored rule. chapter in the forthcoming book Games and Simulations. Cootey’s contribution gives a unique defense of the criminalities of Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Its first person speaker confounds the Moses Omoniyi Ayeomoni reader and unsettles them, revealing an obsession with a novel, a narrative and a sincere existential Moses Omoniyi Ayeomoni received his Masters question. degree from the University of Lagos, Nigeria, and recently completed his doctoral thesis at the University of Ibadan. Ayeomoni is presently act- ing as lecturer at the Department of English at Jason Gendler Obafemi Awolow University in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. In this contribution to Nebula Ayeomoni shares Jason Gendler is completing his Masters in research findings relating to use of various English Critical Studies at the University of California’s registers among Yoruba-speaking Nigerians. Department of Film and Television. He is due to appear at the Annual Southwest Conference held in February 2007. He has recently acted as teaching assistant for the American Film History course at Rebecca Beirne UCLA. Gendler is also a member of Mediascape (UCLA), “an online journal with an interisci- Rebecca Beirne is the editor of the forthcoming plary approach to visual cultural studies…” In his Note on Contributors i Nebula 3.4, December 2006 contribution to Nebula 3.4, Gendler is anything on exchange for one year at the University of Cape but straightforward, but the reader/viewer must Town, so as to learn about the history and effects be prepared to engage in all sorts of directions if of apartheid as well as to volunteer within the most they are to begin to unravel the temporal mysteries impoverished areas. Yashar does not write dispas- behind Primer, a Shane Caruth film. sionately in both of his contributions to Nebula, nor is he overly theoretical. He writes with both conviction and clarity about the state of Iran and its recent political history. Habiba Hadziavdic Habiba Hadziavdic was born in Sarajevo, Bosnia, and finished her high school and university stud- Warren Steele ies in the United States. She was recently awarded her PhD in Germanic Studies from the University Warren Steele is a PhD candidate in English liter- of Illinois at Chicago. During her graduate work ature at the University of Glasgow (U.K.), where she studied at the Universität Salzburg, Austria he was recently awarded his Masters degree in and as a DAAD (German Academic Exchange English Literature. He has presented conference Service) scholar at the Freie Universität in Berlin, papers, one at Concordia University in Montreal, Germany. The issues of ethnicity, gender, and Quebec, in March 2006, and the other at The annual religion, and their representation in German lit- New England American Studies Association erature and media, as well as their potential in (NEASA) Conference held at the University of reshaping power structures between the so-called Southern Maine (Oregon, U.S.). Nebula is pleased dominant and minority groups are central to her to publish the paper he delivered at this latter con- teaching and research interests. In her studies she ference, titled “Strange Fruit: Remaking the Iraqi focuses on tensions between secular and religious, Male at Abu Ghraib,” but beware that the material as well as ethnic and national claims to moral and therein may not be suitable for all readers. political authority, and how media and film con- tribute to the two seemingly opposing processes of hybridity and segregation. In her contribution to Nebula 3.4, Habiba teaches us about the Sinti and Mary Ellen Wright Roma gypsies of Germany, their plight through the holocaust years and their emergence into cul- Dr. Mary Ellen Wright, Assistant Professor, tural discourse and historical memory. teaches theatre at the University of Texas at Tyler, U.S.A. Dr. Wright received her PhD from Texas Tech and wrote her dissertation on Adrian Hall and his dramatic adaptations. She has directed Yashar Keramati many productions at UT Tyler including Seascape, The Beauty Queen of Leenane, Pygmalion, Yashar Keramati is a student at the University Eleemosynary, Dancing at Lughnasa, and Art. of British Columbia, pursuing an undergraduate She also was assistant director fo Lover Letters at degree in International Relations. Currently he is UT Tyles, which starred television and film actress Note on Contributors ii Nebula 3.4, December 2006 Katherine Helmond and actory/director Adrain Hall. Her contribution to Nebula explores Adrian Hall’s adaptations of incarcerated writer Jack Henry Abbot, Wright shares research obtained from personal interviews conducted with Hall. Note on Contributors iii Nebula 3.4, December 2006 Fashioning The L Word. By Rebecca Beirne Abstract This essay discusses the first and second seasons of Showtime’s cable television seriesThe L Word (2004- ). The L Word is remarkable in that it is the first major drama series to focus its narrative on the lives of lesbian and bisexual women. This article critically analyses the first two seasons, together with initial responses to the series, in terms of lesbian femininity, masculinity and desire.1 Introduction Much has been
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