Island Disaster Para-Diplomacy in the Commonwealth
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The Place of Alcohol in the Lives of People from Tokelau, Fiji, Niue
The place of alcohol in the lives of people from Tokelau, Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Cook Islands and Samoa living in New Zealand: an overview The place of alcohol in the lives of people from Tokelau, Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Cook Islands and Samoa living in New Zealand: an overview A report prepared by Sector Analysis, Ministry of Health for the Alcohol Advisory Council of New Zealand ALAC Research Monograph Series: No 2 Wellington 1997 ISSN 1174-1856 ISBN 0-477-06317-9 Acknowledgments This particular chapter which is an overview of the reports from each of the six Pacific communities would not have been possible without all the field teams and participants who took part in the project. I would like to thank Ezra Jennings-Pedro, Terrisa Taupe, Tufaina Taupe Sofaia Kamakorewa, Maikali (Mike) Kilioni, Fane Malani, Tina McNicholas, Mere Samusamuvodre, Litimai Rasiga, Tevita Rasiga, Apisa Tuiqere, Ruve Tuivoavoa, Doreen Arapai, Dahlia Naepi, Slaven Naepi, Vili Nosa, Yvette Guttenbeil, Sione Liava’a, Wailangilala Tufui , Susana Tu’inukuafe, Anne Allan-Moetaua, Helen Kapi, Terongo Tekii, Tunumafono Ken Ah Kuoi, Tali Beaton, Myra McFarland, Carmel Peteru, Damas Potoi and their communities who supported them. Many people who have not been named offered comment and shared stories with us through informal discussion. Our families and friends were drawn in and though they did not formally participate they too gave their opinions and helped to shape the information gathered. Special thanks to all the participants and Jean Mitaera, Granby Siakimotu, Kili Jefferson, Dr Ian Prior, Henry Tuia, Lita Foliaki and Tupuola Malifa who reviewed the reports and asked pertinent questions. -
Tokelau the Last Colony?
Tokelau The last colony? TONY ANGELO (Taupulega) is, and long has been, the governing body. The chairman (Faipule) of the council and a village head ITUATED WELL NORTH OF NEW ZEALAND and (Pulenuku) are elected by universal suffrage in the village SWestern Samoa and close to the equator, the small every three years. The three councils send representatives atolls of Tokelau, with their combined population of about to form the General Fono which is the Tokelau national 1600 people, may well be the last colony of New Zealand. authority; it originally met only once or twice a year and Whether, when and in what way that colonial status of advised the New Zealand Government of Tokelau's Tokelau will end, is a mat- wishes. ter of considerable specula- The General Fono fre- lion. quently repeated advice, r - Kirlb•ll ·::- (Gifb•rr I•) The recently passed lbn•b'a ' ......... both to the New Zealand (Oc: ..n I} Tokelau Amendment Act . :_.. PMtnb 11 Government and to the UN 1996- it received the royal Committee on Decoloni • •• roltfl•u assent on 10 June 1996, and 0/tlh.g• sation, that Tokelau did not 1- •, Aotum•- Uu.t (Sw•ln•J · came into force on 1 August 1 f .. • Tllloplol ~~~~~ !•J.. ·-~~~oa wish to change its status ~ ~ 1996 - is but one piece in ' \, vis-a-vis New Zealand. the colourful mosaic of •l . However, in an unexpected Tokelau's constitutional de change of position (stimu- velopment. lated no doubt by external The colonialism that factors such as the UN pro Tokelau has known has posal to complete its been the British version, and decolonisation business by it has lasted so far for little the year 2000), the Ulu of over a century. -
Social Policy in the Post-Crisis Context of Small Island Developing States: a Synthesis
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Perch, Leisa; Roy, Rathin Working Paper Social policy in the post-crisis context of small island developing states: A synthesis Working Paper, No. 67 Provided in Cooperation with: International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG) Suggested Citation: Perch, Leisa; Roy, Rathin (2010) : Social policy in the post-crisis context of small island developing states: A synthesis, Working Paper, No. 67, International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth (IPC-IG), Brasilia This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/71774 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in -
Cetacean Rapid Assessment: an Approach to Fill Knowledge Gaps and Target Conservation Across Large Data Deficient Areas
Received: 9 January 2017 Revised: 19 June 2017 Accepted: 17 July 2017 DOI: 10.1002/aqc.2833 RESEARCH ARTICLE Cetacean rapid assessment: An approach to fill knowledge gaps and target conservation across large data deficient areas Gill T. Braulik1,2 | Magreth Kasuga1 | Anja Wittich3 | Jeremy J. Kiszka4 | Jamie MacCaulay2 | Doug Gillespie2 | Jonathan Gordon2 | Said Shaib Said5 | Philip S. Hammond2 1 Wildlife Conservation Society Tanzania Program, Tanzania Abstract 2 Sea Mammal Research Unit, Scottish Oceans 1. Many species and populations of marine megafauna are undergoing substantial declines, while Institute, University of St Andrews, St many are also very poorly understood. Even basic information on species presence is unknown Andrews, Fife, UK for tens of thousands of kilometres of coastline, particularly in the developing world, which is a 3 23 Adamson Terrace, Leven, Fife, UK major hurdle to their conservation. 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Florida 2. Rapid ecological assessment is a valuable tool used to identify and prioritize areas for International University, North Miami, FL, USA conservation; however, this approach has never been clearly applied to marine cetaceans. Here 5 Institute of Marine Science, University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania a rapid assessment protocol is outlined that will generate broad‐scale, quantitative, baseline Correspondence data on cetacean communities and potential threats, that can be conducted rapidly and cost‐ Gill T. Braulik, Wildlife Conservation Society effectively across whole countries, or regions. Tanzania Program, Zanzibar, Tanzania. Email: [email protected] 3. The rapid assessment was conducted in Tanzania, East Africa, and integrated collection of data on cetaceans from visual, acoustic, and interview surveys with existing information from multiple Funding information sources, to provide low resolution data on cetacean community relative abundance, diversity, and Pew Marine Fellows, Grant/Award Number: threats. -
The Migration of Indians to Eastern Africa: a Case Study of the Ismaili Community, 1866-1966
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2019 The Migration of Indians to Eastern Africa: A Case Study of the Ismaili Community, 1866-1966 Azizeddin Tejpar University of Central Florida Part of the African History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Tejpar, Azizeddin, "The Migration of Indians to Eastern Africa: A Case Study of the Ismaili Community, 1866-1966" (2019). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 6324. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/6324 THE MIGRATION OF INDIANS TO EASTERN AFRICA: A CASE STUDY OF THE ISMAILI COMMUNITY, 1866-1966 by AZIZEDDIN TEJPAR B.A. Binghamton University 1971 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2019 Major Professor: Yovanna Pineda © 2019 Azizeddin Tejpar ii ABSTRACT Much of the Ismaili settlement in Eastern Africa, together with several other immigrant communities of Indian origin, took place in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth centuries. This thesis argues that the primary mover of the migration were the edicts, or Farmans, of the Ismaili spiritual leader. They were instrumental in motivating Ismailis to go to East Africa. -
ISO Country Codes
COUNTRY SHORT NAME DESCRIPTION CODE AD Andorra Principality of Andorra AE United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates AF Afghanistan The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan AG Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda (includes Redonda Island) AI Anguilla Anguilla AL Albania Republic of Albania AM Armenia Republic of Armenia Netherlands Antilles (includes Bonaire, Curacao, AN Netherlands Antilles Saba, St. Eustatius, and Southern St. Martin) AO Angola Republic of Angola (includes Cabinda) AQ Antarctica Territory south of 60 degrees south latitude AR Argentina Argentine Republic America Samoa (principal island Tutuila and AS American Samoa includes Swain's Island) AT Austria Republic of Austria Australia (includes Lord Howe Island, Macquarie Islands, Ashmore Islands and Cartier Island, and Coral Sea Islands are Australian external AU Australia territories) AW Aruba Aruba AX Aland Islands Aland Islands AZ Azerbaijan Republic of Azerbaijan BA Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina BB Barbados Barbados BD Bangladesh People's Republic of Bangladesh BE Belgium Kingdom of Belgium BF Burkina Faso Burkina Faso BG Bulgaria Republic of Bulgaria BH Bahrain Kingdom of Bahrain BI Burundi Republic of Burundi BJ Benin Republic of Benin BL Saint Barthelemy Saint Barthelemy BM Bermuda Bermuda BN Brunei Darussalam Brunei Darussalam BO Bolivia Republic of Bolivia Federative Republic of Brazil (includes Fernando de Noronha Island, Martim Vaz Islands, and BR Brazil Trindade Island) BS Bahamas Commonwealth of the Bahamas BT Bhutan Kingdom of Bhutan -
A Solution for the Third International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism: a ‘Fourth’ Option to Obviate the Need for a Fourth Decade?
A SOLUTION FOR THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL DECADE FOR THE ERADICATION OF COLONIALISM: A ‘FOURTH’ OPTION TO OBVIATE THE NEED FOR A FOURTH DECADE? Elisabeth Perham* I. Introduction Despite concerted efforts by the international community over almost six decades to bring an end to the era of colonialism, 17 territories remain on the United Nations (UN) list of non-self-governing territories.1 In 2011 the UN declared 2011-2020 the Third International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism,2 but few of the non-self-governing territories appear to be getting much closer to completing the decolonisation process.3 For some of the territories this is in large part due to territorial disputes.4 However, for other territories the stalemate may be due to the fact that the UN currently accepts only the three methods of decolonisation prescribed in UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 15415 as proof that a territory has become self- governing for the purposes of removing it from the list. This article argues that for the decolonisation process to be completed there needs to be more flexibility in determining when a territory has become self-governing: the Secretary-General himself has recognised the need for a “creative approach” in the quest for decolonisation.6 More * Elisabeth Perham, LLB (Hons), BA (Hons). A version of this article was submitted as part of the requirements for the LLB (Hons) degree at Victoria University of Wellington. Elisabeth is grateful to Professor Tony Angelo for his supervision of that paper. 1 Hereinafter referred to as the list. Anguilla, American Samoa, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, French Polynesia, Gibraltar, Guam, Montserrat, New Caledonia, Pitcairn, St Helena, Tokelau, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States Virgin Islands, Western Sahara. -
For Official Use STD/NAES/TASS/ITS(2003)8
For Official Use STD/NAES/TASS/ITS(2003)8 Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 07-Apr-2003 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________ English - Or. English STATISTICS DIRECTORATE For Official Use STD/NAES/TASS/ITS(2003)8 Cancels & replaces the same document of 03 April 2003 National Accounts and Economic Statistics - International Trade Statistics TOWARDS A CONSISTENT GEO-NOMENCLATURE FOR TRADE -ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION- Paper prepared by Andreas Lindner - OECD 4TH INTERNATINAL TRADE STATISTICS EXPERT MEETING Château de la Muette, Paris 7 April 2003 - 9 April 2003 (morning) Beginning at 10.00 a.m. on the first day Contact: [email protected] English - Or. English JT00142270 Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format STD/NAES/TASS/ITS(2003)8 TOWARDS A CONSISTENT GEO-NOMENCLATURE FOR TRADE -ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION- A. Introduction Users of statistics are sometimes confused by differences in data published for country aggregates by different institutions. These differences may be due to many factors, including a different understanding of geographical groupings. For detailed trade flow data this aspect reveals of a particular importance since merchandise trade is measured by individual country, important trader or not. The Merchandise Trade Task Force has already addressed this issue as well as the Task Force on Statistics of International Trade in Services. To shed more light on different practices, OECD has conducted some investigations and has also had preliminary consultations within the Organisation across Directorates. The results of this preliminary research are summarized in this paper and issues identified requiring further investigation. -
Solomon Islands
Climate Risk and Adaptation Country Profile April 2011 N Ontong Java Atol Choiseul Malloco Bay Santa Isabel Buala New Yiru Georgia Auki Malaita Harbour Honiara Guadalcanal Kirakira Elevation San Nendo meters above sea-level Cristobal Lata 7088 m Bellona Rennell Utupua Vanikolo -416 m Key to Map Symbols Capital City/Town 0 50 100 200 Kilometers Vulnerability, Risk Reduction, and Adaptation to CLIMATE Climate Change DISASTER RISK ADAPTATION REDUCTION SOLOMON ISLANDS Climate Change Team ENV t Solomon Climate Risk and Adaptation Country Profiles Islands COUNTRY OVERVIEW The Solomon Islands are an archipelago located in the Melanesian region of the Pacific, south-east of Papua New Guinea. The Archipelago consists of 992 small islands that cover approximately 27,000 square kilometers (km2), and a sea area of 1.35 million km2 dispersed between 7 and 12 degrees south of the equator and 156 and 170 degrees longitude. Considered the “Amazon of the Seas”, the country’s 30.00 expansive area covers a unique geographical environment of atolls, mountains, and salt-water 25.00 Thousands lagoons, and has one of the world’s richest marine diversity, including 75% of the known coral species, 20.00 more than 30% of the world’s coral reefs, 40% of the 15.00 coral reef species, and the largest mangrove forest in km2 the world1. Of the 523,170 inhabitants, most live in 10.00 rural areas (~80%)2, in contrast to the rest of East Asia and the Pacific (with rural populations of 60%). 5.00 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing are the mainstay of the economy, with agriculture contributing nearly 0.00 36% of GDP in 2006. -
Oman, Zanzibar, Their Relationship – and Our Trip
Oman, Zanzibar, Their Relationship – and Our Trip http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/True_Negros/Assorted/Oman_Zanzibar_Sultanate.htm Oman and Zanzibar are separated by 2,400 of the Indian Ocean. Oman is in the Middle East (in Asia); Zanzibar part of Africa. So why is the University of Arizona Center for Middle Eastern Studies’ 2016 Fulbright-Hays Group Project Abroad combining these two regions? Historically, the two areas have been in close contact with each other and provide an interesting case study of cross-regional relations. The curriculum-development program will explore these political, linguistic, and religious ties and will develop ways to integrate the information into elementary and secondary classes. From the 1st century CE, traders from the Arabian peninsula – as well as Persia and India – were in regular contact with Zanzibar and the East African coast; such cultural and trade relations increased by the 11th century. Political ties date from the early 1500s when both Oman and Zanzibar came under Portuguese colonial rule. Nearly 200 years later, Omanis overthrew Portuguese control and took charge of both Oman and Zanzibar. The latter became a center of Arab trade in slaves, spices (particularly cloves), and ivory. Many Arabs moved to the island, bringing with them Ibadi Islam, a very small school of Islamic thought which is the main faith of Oman and an important force in Zanzibar. By the 19th century, Zanzibar had become a center of Islamic scholarship: a contact zone between Ibadi Islam and other variants of the Muslim faith. The height of Arab association with Zanzibar occurred in 1840 when Omani ruler Sayyid Said bin Sultan al-Busaid moved his capital from Muscat, Oman, to Stone Town, Zanzibar. -
He Southern Hemisphere Systems, the St. Helena and Mascarene Highs
ISSN No: 0856-0919, Volume 9 Issue 11 November 2007 HIGHLIGHTS • Performance of rainfall during October - November 2007 was generally below normal over many areas in the country except over Bukoba, Morogoro, Zanzibar, and Kigoma. • Most areas in the bimodal sector experienced such a poor soil moisture supply that was not conducive for growth and development of the early planted crops and land preparations never commenced at all in some areas. about 20 mm as shown in Figure 1A. SYNOPTIC SUMMARY Fig. 1A: November 2007 Rainfall Distribution (mm) Bukoba Musoma Kayanga 2 Ngara Mwanza he southern hemisphere systems, the St. Helena Kibondo Shinyanga Moshi Mbulu Arusha T and Mascarene highs and East African ridge were Same 4 Babati Singida intense, such that the East African ridge extended up Kigoma Tanga Tabora to northern Kenya whereas the northern hemisphere HandeniMarikitanda Pemba 6 Dodoma Zanzibar systems, the Azores and Siberian anticyclones Kibaha Dar es Salaam Latitude (°S) Morogoro together with Arabian ridge were relaxed, thus Iringa Sumbawanga allowing the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone 8 Mbeya Mahenge Kilwa (ITCZ) to oscillate. The Near Equatorial Trough Uyole Tukuyu Igeri (NET) was weak. A weak trough over the Lake Lindi 10 Mtwara Victoria basin was a dominant feature, influencing Songea Tunduru rain showers and thunderstorms in the basin. 12 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 Longitude (°E) WEATHER SUM MARY On the other hand, the performance of rainfall during October - November 2007 was generally below normal over many areas in the country except RAINFALL over Bukoba, Morogoro, Zanzibar, and Kigoma, as indicated in Figure 1B. -
IFRC- Solomon Islands:Cyclone
7 January 2003 SOLOMON ISLANDS: CYCLONE ZOE Information Bulletin N° 2 DREF Allocated: CHF 50,000 on stand-by This Information Bulleting is being issued based on the needs described below reflecting the information available at this time. Based on further updates and details from assessment reports, or should the situation deteriorate, the Federation will consider international support through an Appeal. The Situation On 28 December 2002 Cyclone Zoe, a category 5 tropical storm with wind speeds over 300 km/h swept through the islands of Tikopia, Anuta and Fataka, part of the Santa Cruz group of the Solomon Islands, about 1,000 km east of the capital Honiara. The Solomon Islands National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) estimated that approximately 2,000 people were affected in the two worst hit islands of Tikopia and Anuta. There was initially no direct contact with the islands as the radio communication system was not working. The first plane to fly over Tikopia on 1 January 2003 reported massive destruction and few signs of life. While confirming extensive damage to houses and crops, an Australian Air Force Hercules that circled Tikopia and Anuta the following day, found signs of reconstruction and no evidence of large-scale loss of life or injury. Both flights could not land because there is no airstrip on the islands. An NDMO coordinated team, including UNDAC, Red Cross, OXFAM and World Vision, was immediately formed to reach the islands by boat within 2-3 days in order to carry out an in-depth assessment of needs. The ship also carried initial relief supplies, including food, water, blankets, shelter materials and medical supplies.