CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 43, No. 2
Table 1. Infe<:tions detected at Prince of Wales Zoological Gardens, Lucknow
Hosts H elmin thic infection Coccidian infection
MAMMALS Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) Bursate, Trichurid Eimeria yakimovi, E. nilgai, E. tragocamelis
Spotted deer (Axis axis) Bursate, Trichurid, E . cheetali Amphistome
Barking deer (Muntiacus muntjaka) Bursate Eimeria sp., Eimeria sp. (unidentified)
Swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli) Bursate Nil
Black buck (Antelope cervicapra) Bursate, Strongyloides sp. E. cheetali
Mouse deer (Tragulus meminna) Bursa te E. ramgai
Chinkara (Cazella gazella) Bursate, Trichurid, E. chinkari Amphistome
Hogdeer (Axis porcinus) Bursate E.parahi
Four-horned antelope Bursate E. chausinghi ( Tetracerus quadricornis) Sambhar (Cervus unicolor) Bursate Nil
Chural (Memorhadus goral) Bursate Nil
Hyaena (Hyaena striata) Bursate, Toxascarid Nil
Wolf (Canis lupus) Ancylostoma braziliense Nil
Slow loris (Nycticebus coucang Trichurid Nil bengalensis)
Leopard (Panthera pardus) Bursate, Toxascarid Nil
Tiger (Panthera tigiris) Bursate, Toxascarid Isospora sp. (unidentified)
Lion (Panthera leo) Bursate, Toxascarid Isospora sp.
Sloth bear (Melurus ursinus) Trichurid Nil
Brown bear (Ursus arctos) Bursate Nil
Cenda (Rhinocerus unicornis) Anoplocephalid tapeworm Nil
Langoor (Semnopithecus entellus) Trichurid Nil
Capped langoor (Presbytis pileatus) Strongyloides sp. Nil Lanted monkey (Macaca sp) Trichurid Nil
Arabian baboon (Papio hamadryas) Bursate, Ascarid, Trichurid Nil
Gibbon (Hylobates hoolock) T~ichurid Nil
BIRDS Red jungle-fowl (Callus gallus) Capillarid E. dubeyi, E. vanmurghavi
Grey jungle-fowl (Callus sonneratii) Ascarid I. choudari 164 FebruarY .1973] PARASITIC INFECTION AMONG ANIMALS IN ZOOS
Table 1 (Continued)
Hosts Helminthic infection Coccidian infection
Guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris) Capillarid E. gorakhpuri
Peafowl and white peafowl Ascarid, Capillarid, Spirurid E. mayurai, E. mandali, 1. (Pavo eristatus) mayuri
Black partridge (Franeolinus Nil E. teetari franeolinus)
Chakor partridge (Caeeabis ehakor) Ascarid, Capillarid E. teetari
White and Black turkey Capillarid Nil (Meleagris gallopavo)
Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus Ascarid, Capillarid, E. pietus pietus) Strongyloides avium
Silver pheasant (Loplzura nyetlzemera Ascarid, Capillarid E. pietus nippone)
Peacock pheasant (Polypeetron Ascarid, Capillarid Nil chinques)
Amherest pheasant (Chrysolophus Ascarid E. meleagridis or E. adenoeides amhersitiae)
Peacock pigeon (Columba sp.) Ascarid, Capillarid Nil Pouter pigeon (Columba sp.) Nil ~ Eimeria sp. (unidentified) Naqab pigeon (Columba sp.) Nil J White pigeon (Columba livia Capillarid E. tropiealis intermedia)
J avan parakeet (Psittaeus javanieus ) Capillarid Nil
Greater lemon-crested cockatoo Capillarid Nil (Caeatua-galerita )
Red- and Blue-macow (Ara Capillarid Nil ehloroptera )
Saras (Crus antigone) Ascarid, H ymenolepid E. grusi
Common crane (Crus grus) Hymenolepid Nil
Painted stork (Ibis leoeoeephalus ) Capillarid Nil were commonly detected in a variety of were detected as new species excepting gallinaceous and a few other host species. E. yakimovi in nilgai. In birds, 10 Various infections against each host are eimerian and 2 isosporan species were tabulated (Table 1). described earlier as new forms, excepting Amongst coccidian infections, a number E. meleagridis or E. adenoiedes in turkey, of species of the genus Eimeria and Isospora E. tropicalis in pigeon and I. mayuri in were detected in a variety of mammals peafowl (Bhatia and Pande, 1966, 1967; and birds. In mammals, 8 eimerian and Bhatia et al., 1966; Bhatia, 1968a, 1968b; 1 isosporan forms, described recently, Pande et al., 1970; Bhatia et al., 1972).
165 CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 4j, No. 2 F
Table 2. Infections detected at Zoological Park, Delhi
Hosts Helminthic infection Coccidian infection
MAMMALS Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus ) Bursate Nil
Bison (Bison bison) Bursate Nil
Eland (Taurotragus oryx) Bursate Nil
Laddakhi goat (Capra ibex ) Bursate E. arloingi, E. crandallis
Impala (Apyceros melumpus) Bursate Nil
Sikka deer (Cervus nippon) Amphistomes Nil
Black buck (A ntilope cervicapra) Bursate Nil
Panda (Eilurusfulgens) H ymenolepid Nil
Tiger (Panthera tigris) Toxascarid, Hookworm Nil
Panther (Panthera pardus) Toxascarid, Hookworm Nil
Lion (Panthera leo) Toxascarid Nil
American black bear (Ursus americanus) Bursate Nil
Golden langoor (Presbjtis geei) Hookworm Nil
Nilgiri langoor (Presbytis johni) Trichurid Nil
Grey langoor (Presbytis entellus) Trichurid Nil
Pavan langoor (Presbytis entellus) Trichurid Nil
Capped langoor (Presbytis pileatus ) Trichurid Nil
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Hookworm, Strongyloides Nil sp. and Trichurid
Olive baboon (Papio papio ) Trichurid, Spiruroid Nil
Bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata) Trichurid Isospora sp.
Nilgiri monkey (Macaca sp.) Trichurid Nil
BIRDS Grey jungle-fowl (Callus sonneratii) Nil E. vanmurghavi, I. choudari
Guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris ) Spiruroid, Ascarid, E. gorakhpuri Capillarid
Burmese peafowl (Pavo munticus) Ascarid, Capillarid, E. mayurai, 1. mayuri Spiruroid
Peafowl and white peafowl (Pavo cristatus) Capillarid, Ascarid E. mayurai, I. mayuri, E. pavonis
Lady Amherest pheasant (Chrysolophus Spiruroid, Capillarid Nil amhersitiae)
166 February 1973] PARASITIC INFECTION AMONG ANIMALS IN ZOOS
Table 2 (Continued)
Hosts H elminthic infection Coccidian infection
Korean pheasant (Phasianus eolehieus) Ascarid I. koreani
Kaliz pheasant (Lophura leueomelana) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp. (unidentified)
Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pietus) Ascarid Nil
Silver pheasant (Lophura nyethemera) Capillarid Nil
Japanese Green pheasant (Phasianus Nil Isospora sp. (unidenti- verieolor) fied)
Grey partridge (Franeolinus pondieerianus) Ascarid, Capillarid E. teetari
Black partridge (E. franeolinus) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp. (unidentified)
Pigeon (Columba livia) Nil E. tropiealis
R ed-cheeked bulbul (Pyenonotus joeosus) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp., Isospora sp. (unidentified)
Ring dove (Streptopiflia deeaoto) Capillarid E. ehoudari
Shah Baz (Spizaetus eirrhatus) Capillarid Nil
Green parakeet (Psittaeula eupatria) Strongyloides sp. Nil
Black crow (Corvtts splendens) Ascarid Nil
Laughing thrush (Carrulax albogularis) Ascarid Nil
Bagula (Babuleus ibis) Ascarid Nil
Mandarin duck (Aix galerieulata) Nil I. mandari
Painted stork (Ibis leueoeephalus) Capillarid Nil
Manchurian Crane (Crus japonensis) Ascarid, Capillarid Nil
Hill Myna (Craeula religiosa) Nil Isospora sp. (unidentified)
Budgeriger (Melopsittaeus undulatus) Nil Isospora sp. (unidentified)
Two elmenan forms in Barking deer and species of Cervidae; and whipworms ('Kankar'), 1 isosporan species in white ( Trichuris sp.) in different species of tiger and eimerian form in Pouter Primates were detected. Besides, vomitus pigeon and· Naqab pigeon, after from clinical cases of panther cubs detailed study, will be dealt with revealed live T. leonina worms. Blood later. Host-wise "infections are given in smears from cutaneous lesions on hind Table l. legs of an elephant showed microfilariae which, on comparison, were indistinguish Delhi Zoo able from those of Indofilaria pattabiramani Amongst helminthic infections III Alwar et al., (1959). Treatment of this case mammals, a high incidence of Toxascaris with diethylecarbamezine ('Heterazan') leonina and hookworms in panthers and proved effective. In birds, ascarid and tigers; bursa te worms in wild Bovidae capillarid infections were commonly
167 1 CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 43, No. 2 observed mainly among gallinaceous speci REFERENCES es. Hos-wise infections are given in Table 2. BHATIA, B. B. 1968a. On hitherto unrecorded Mammals showed a lower incidence of eimerian oocysts from wild ruminants. coccidian infections. A variety of Indian ]. Microbiol. 8: 249- 54. eimerian and isosporan species were BHATIA, B. B. 1968b. A new and two unknown detected in different avian hosts. Of eimerian species from gallinaceous birds. Indian]. Microbiol. 8: 239--44. these, 8 eimerian and 5 isosporan species, BHATIA, B. B. and PANDE, B. P. 1966. A new co among known forms, have been described ccidium, Eimeria mayurai (Sporozoa: Eimerii earlier. Besides, 3 eimerian (1 each in dae) from the common peafowl Pavo Kaliz pheasant, Black partridge and Red cristatus L. Proc. natll. Acad. Sci. India 36: cheeked bulbul) and 4 isosporan species (1 39- 42. BHATIA, B. B. and PANDE, B. P. 1967. A new each in Red-cheeked bulbul, Japanese eimerian species from guinea fowl: A preli green pheasant, Hill myna and Budgeriger) minary note. Acta vet. 17: 359-61. are being studied in detail and will be BHATIA, B. B., PANDEY, T. P. and PANDE, B. P. dealt with later. Hostwise infections are 1966. Eimeria teetari n. sp. (Eimeriidae: Sporozoa) in Indian partridges. Acta vet. given in Table 2. Hung. 16: 329- 34. BHATIA, B. B., CHAUHAN, P. P. S. , ARORA, G. S. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and AGRAWAL, R. D. 1972. Observations Thanks are due to Shri Dawar Hussain, on some coccidian infections in birds and a mammal at the Delhi Zoo. Indian]. Anim. Assistant Superintendent, P.W. Zoological Sci. 42: 625-8. Gardens, Lucknow; to C. L. Bhatia, PANDE, B. P., BHATIA, B. B., CHAUHAN, P. P. S. Director of Delhi Zoo and their staff for and GARG, R. K. 1970. Species composit co-operation and interest in the work; ion of coccidia of some of the mammals and birds at the Zoological Gardens, Lucknow and to Sri C. V. G. Choudary, Principal, (Uttar Pradesh) . Indian ]. Anim. Sci. for the facilities provided. 40: 154-66.
Indian]. Anim. Sci. 43(2) : 168-71, February 1973
A note on the histological development of ruminal papillae In the early postnatal life of buffalo calf
G. P. TIWARJI and M. N. JAMDAR2
College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mhow, Madhya Pradesh
Received: 25 February 1972
Wardrop (1961) studied in detail the papillae with increase in age, parti gross and microscopic structures of the cularly during 3 weeks after birth. ruminal mucosa during prenatal and Tamate et al. (1962) observed the presence postnatal life of lambs. He marked a of papillae at birth, their subsequent persistent and rapid increase in the size of regression and renewal of their growth, but have not mentioned the histological Present address: I Department of Anatomy. process involved with the regression of the 2University Professor and Head, Department "height of the ruminal papillae. The of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Veterinary College, Jabalpur, Madhya present report deals with the histological. Pradesh. development of the ruminal papillae of
168