CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 43, No. 2

Table 1. Infe<:tions detected at Prince of Wales Zoological Gardens, Lucknow

Hosts H elmin thic infection Coccidian infection

MAMMALS Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) Bursate, Trichurid Eimeria yakimovi, E. nilgai, E. tragocamelis

Spotted deer (Axis axis) Bursate, Trichurid, E . cheetali Amphistome

Barking deer (Muntiacus muntjaka) Bursate Eimeria sp., Eimeria sp. (unidentified)

Swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli) Bursate Nil

Black buck (Antelope cervicapra) Bursate, Strongyloides sp. E. cheetali

Mouse deer (Tragulus meminna) Bursa te E. ramgai

Chinkara (Cazella gazella) Bursate, Trichurid, E. chinkari Amphistome

Hogdeer (Axis porcinus) Bursate E.parahi

Four-horned antelope Bursate E. chausinghi ( Tetracerus quadricornis) Sambhar (Cervus unicolor) Bursate Nil

Chural (Memorhadus goral) Bursate Nil

Hyaena (Hyaena striata) Bursate, Toxascarid Nil

Wolf (Canis lupus) Ancylostoma braziliense Nil

Slow loris (Nycticebus coucang Trichurid Nil bengalensis)

Leopard (Panthera pardus) Bursate, Toxascarid Nil

Tiger (Panthera tigiris) Bursate, Toxascarid Isospora sp. (unidentified)

Lion (Panthera leo) Bursate, Toxascarid Isospora sp.

Sloth bear (Melurus ursinus) Trichurid Nil

Brown bear (Ursus arctos) Bursate Nil

Cenda (Rhinocerus unicornis) Anoplocephalid tapeworm Nil

Langoor (Semnopithecus entellus) Trichurid Nil

Capped langoor (Presbytis pileatus) Strongyloides sp. Nil Lanted monkey (Macaca sp) Trichurid Nil

Arabian baboon (Papio hamadryas) Bursate, Ascarid, Trichurid Nil

Gibbon (Hylobates hoolock) T~ichurid Nil

BIRDS Red jungle-fowl (Callus gallus) Capillarid E. dubeyi, E. vanmurghavi

Grey jungle-fowl (Callus sonneratii) Ascarid I. choudari 164 FebruarY .1973] PARASITIC INFECTION AMONG IN ZOOS

Table 1 (Continued)

Hosts Helminthic infection Coccidian infection

Guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris) Capillarid E. gorakhpuri

Peafowl and white Ascarid, Capillarid, Spirurid E. mayurai, E. mandali, 1. (Pavo eristatus) mayuri

Black (Franeolinus Nil E. teetari franeolinus)

Chakor partridge (Caeeabis ehakor) Ascarid, Capillarid E. teetari

White and Black turkey Capillarid Nil (Meleagris gallopavo)

Golden ( Ascarid, Capillarid, E. pietus pietus) Strongyloides avium

Silver pheasant (Loplzura nyetlzemera Ascarid, Capillarid E. pietus nippone)

Peacock pheasant (Polypeetron Ascarid, Capillarid Nil chinques)

Amherest pheasant (Chrysolophus Ascarid E. meleagridis or E. adenoeides amhersitiae)

Peacock pigeon (Columba sp.) Ascarid, Capillarid Nil Pouter pigeon (Columba sp.) Nil ~ Eimeria sp. (unidentified) Naqab pigeon (Columba sp.) Nil J White pigeon (Columba livia Capillarid E. tropiealis intermedia)

J avan parakeet (Psittaeus javanieus ) Capillarid Nil

Greater lemon-crested cockatoo Capillarid Nil (Caeatua-galerita )

Red- and Blue-macow (Ara Capillarid Nil ehloroptera )

Saras (Crus antigone) Ascarid, H ymenolepid E. grusi

Common crane (Crus grus) Hymenolepid Nil

Painted stork (Ibis leoeoeephalus ) Capillarid Nil were commonly detected in a variety of were detected as new species excepting gallinaceous and a few other host species. E. yakimovi in nilgai. In , 10 Various infections against each host are eimerian and 2 isosporan species were tabulated (Table 1). described earlier as new forms, excepting Amongst coccidian infections, a number E. meleagridis or E. adenoiedes in turkey, of species of the genus Eimeria and Isospora E. tropicalis in pigeon and I. mayuri in were detected in a variety of mammals peafowl (Bhatia and Pande, 1966, 1967; and birds. In mammals, 8 eimerian and Bhatia et al., 1966; Bhatia, 1968a, 1968b; 1 isosporan forms, described recently, Pande et al., 1970; Bhatia et al., 1972).

165 CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 4j, No. 2 F

Table 2. Infections detected at Zoological Park, Delhi

Hosts Helminthic infection Coccidian infection

MAMMALS Nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus ) Bursate Nil

Bison (Bison bison) Bursate Nil

Eland (Taurotragus oryx) Bursate Nil

Laddakhi goat (Capra ibex ) Bursate E. arloingi, E. crandallis

Impala (Apyceros melumpus) Bursate Nil

Sikka deer (Cervus nippon) Amphistomes Nil

Black buck (A ntilope cervicapra) Bursate Nil

Panda (Eilurusfulgens) H ymenolepid Nil

Tiger (Panthera tigris) Toxascarid, Hookworm Nil

Panther (Panthera pardus) Toxascarid, Hookworm Nil

Lion (Panthera leo) Toxascarid Nil

American black bear (Ursus americanus) Bursate Nil

Golden langoor (Presbjtis geei) Hookworm Nil

Nilgiri langoor (Presbytis johni) Trichurid Nil

Grey langoor (Presbytis entellus) Trichurid Nil

Pavan langoor (Presbytis entellus) Trichurid Nil

Capped langoor (Presbytis pileatus ) Trichurid Nil

Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) Hookworm, Strongyloides Nil sp. and Trichurid

Olive baboon (Papio papio ) Trichurid, Spiruroid Nil

Bonnet monkey (Macaca radiata) Trichurid Isospora sp.

Nilgiri monkey (Macaca sp.) Trichurid Nil

BIRDS Grey jungle-fowl (Callus sonneratii) Nil E. vanmurghavi, I. choudari

Guinea-fowl (Numida meleagris ) Spiruroid, Ascarid, E. gorakhpuri Capillarid

Burmese peafowl (Pavo munticus) Ascarid, Capillarid, E. mayurai, 1. mayuri Spiruroid

Peafowl and white peafowl (Pavo cristatus) Capillarid, Ascarid E. mayurai, I. mayuri, E. pavonis

Lady Amherest pheasant (Chrysolophus Spiruroid, Capillarid Nil amhersitiae)

166 February 1973] PARASITIC INFECTION AMONG ANIMALS IN ZOOS

Table 2 (Continued)

Hosts H elminthic infection Coccidian infection

Korean pheasant ( eolehieus) Ascarid I. koreani

Kaliz pheasant (Lophura leueomelana) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp. (unidentified)

Golden pheasant (Chrysolophus pietus) Ascarid Nil

Silver pheasant (Lophura nyethemera) Capillarid Nil

Japanese (Phasianus Nil Isospora sp. (unidenti- verieolor) fied)

Grey partridge (Franeolinus pondieerianus) Ascarid, Capillarid E. teetari

Black partridge (E. franeolinus) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp. (unidentified)

Pigeon (Columba livia) Nil E. tropiealis

R ed-cheeked bulbul (Pyenonotus joeosus) Ascarid, Capillarid Eimeria sp., Isospora sp. (unidentified)

Ring dove (Streptopiflia deeaoto) Capillarid E. ehoudari

Shah Baz (Spizaetus eirrhatus) Capillarid Nil

Green parakeet (Psittaeula eupatria) Strongyloides sp. Nil

Black crow (Corvtts splendens) Ascarid Nil

Laughing thrush (Carrulax albogularis) Ascarid Nil

Bagula (Babuleus ibis) Ascarid Nil

Mandarin duck (Aix galerieulata) Nil I. mandari

Painted stork (Ibis leueoeephalus) Capillarid Nil

Manchurian Crane (Crus japonensis) Ascarid, Capillarid Nil

Hill Myna (Craeula religiosa) Nil Isospora sp. (unidentified)

Budgeriger (Melopsittaeus undulatus) Nil Isospora sp. (unidentified)

Two elmenan forms in Barking deer and species of Cervidae; and whipworms ('Kankar'), 1 isosporan species in white ( Trichuris sp.) in different species of tiger and eimerian form in Pouter Primates were detected. Besides, vomitus pigeon and· Naqab pigeon, after from clinical cases of panther cubs detailed study, will be dealt with revealed live T. leonina worms. Blood later. Host-wise "infections are given in smears from cutaneous lesions on hind Table l. legs of an elephant showed microfilariae which, on comparison, were indistinguish­ Delhi Zoo able from those of Indofilaria pattabiramani Amongst helminthic infections III Alwar et al., (1959). Treatment of this case mammals, a high incidence of Toxascaris with diethylecarbamezine ('Heterazan') leonina and hookworms in panthers and proved effective. In birds, ascarid and tigers; bursa te worms in wild Bovidae capillarid infections were commonly

167 1 CHAUHAN ET AL. [Vol. 43, No. 2 observed mainly among gallinaceous speci­ REFERENCES es. Hos-wise infections are given in Table 2. BHATIA, B. B. 1968a. On hitherto unrecorded Mammals showed a lower incidence of eimerian oocysts from wild ruminants. coccidian infections. A variety of Indian ]. Microbiol. 8: 249- 54. eimerian and isosporan species were BHATIA, B. B. 1968b. A new and two unknown detected in different avian hosts. Of eimerian species from gallinaceous birds. Indian]. Microbiol. 8: 239--44. these, 8 eimerian and 5 isosporan species, BHATIA, B. B. and PANDE, B. P. 1966. A new co­ among known forms, have been described ccidium, Eimeria mayurai (Sporozoa: Eimerii­ earlier. Besides, 3 eimerian (1 each in dae) from the common peafowl Pavo Kaliz pheasant, Black partridge and Red­ cristatus L. Proc. natll. Acad. Sci. India 36: cheeked bulbul) and 4 isosporan species (1 39- 42. BHATIA, B. B. and PANDE, B. P. 1967. A new each in Red-cheeked bulbul, Japanese eimerian species from guinea fowl: A preli­ green pheasant, Hill myna and Budgeriger) minary note. Acta vet. 17: 359-61. are being studied in detail and will be BHATIA, B. B., PANDEY, T. P. and PANDE, B. P. dealt with later. Hostwise infections are 1966. Eimeria teetari n. sp. (Eimeriidae: Sporozoa) in Indian . Acta vet. given in Table 2. Hung. 16: 329- 34. BHATIA, B. B., CHAUHAN, P. P. S. , ARORA, G. S. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and AGRAWAL, R. D. 1972. Observations Thanks are due to Shri Dawar Hussain, on some coccidian infections in birds and a mammal at the Delhi Zoo. Indian]. Anim. Assistant Superintendent, P.W. Zoological Sci. 42: 625-8. Gardens, Lucknow; to C. L. Bhatia, PANDE, B. P., BHATIA, B. B., CHAUHAN, P. P. S. Director of Delhi Zoo and their staff for and GARG, R. K. 1970. Species composit­ co-operation and interest in the work; ion of coccidia of some of the mammals and birds at the Zoological Gardens, Lucknow and to Sri C. V. G. Choudary, Principal, (Uttar Pradesh) . Indian ]. Anim. Sci. for the facilities provided. 40: 154-66.

Indian]. Anim. Sci. 43(2) : 168-71, February 1973

A note on the histological development of ruminal papillae In the early postnatal life of buffalo calf

G. P. TIWARJI and M. N. JAMDAR2

College of Veterinary Science and Husbandry, Mhow, Madhya Pradesh

Received: 25 February 1972

Wardrop (1961) studied in detail the papillae with increase in age, parti­ gross and microscopic structures of the cularly during 3 weeks after birth. ruminal mucosa during prenatal and Tamate et al. (1962) observed the presence postnatal life of lambs. He marked a of papillae at birth, their subsequent persistent and rapid increase in the size of regression and renewal of their growth, but have not mentioned the histological Present address: I Department of Anatomy. process involved with the regression of the 2University Professor and Head, Department "height of the ruminal papillae. The of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Veterinary College, Jabalpur, Madhya present report deals with the histological. Pradesh. development of the ruminal papillae of

168