The Empire Air Training Scheme: Identity, Empire and Memory

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Empire Air Training Scheme: Identity, Empire and Memory The Empire Air Training Scheme: Identity, Empire and Memory Suzanne Jillian Evans Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy November 2010 Department of Historical Studies The University of Melbourne Produced on Archival Quality Paper Abstract This thesis charts the change in images surrounding the institution of the Empire Air Training Scheme (EATS) in both the Australian national narrative and individual accounts. Formed in response to the demands of aerial warfare in 1939, EATS was embedded in a cultural environment of Australian Empire relationships, masculinity and the technology of flight. In the collective narrative of the early war years EATS was proclaimed as the greatest sign of unity and Empire loyalty, yet in the decades following the end of the war it is difficult to discover any mention of the Scheme, and in the twenty-first century it no longer holds a place in Australian collective memory. The purpose of this thesis is twofold. The first purpose is to provide reasons for the marginalization of EATS in the national narrative. While numerous negative aspects emerged to diminish recognition of the Scheme, I argue, two major influences worked to delete EATS from the Australian story namely, the decline of the position of Empire within the Australian context where EATS became an uncomfortable reminder of previous subservience to Britain, and, the redefining of the Anzac myth, as a central theme in Australian nationalism, which would not allow inclusion of the image of the elite airman Entwined with the collective image is the second purpose of this thesis. This is to consider the response of individuals to their experiences in EATS and the ongoing change in the surrounding cultural influences as the individual aviator negotiates shattered lines of identity. Individual stories, I maintain, evoke responses not only to the national narrative but also, to the emotional challenges faced in initial combat as their trust in the concepts of Empire, masculinity and the romance of flight, was questioned. The testaments of veterans reveal individual solutions as they negotiate the challenges and in a tormented journey achieving a new identity that offers explanation for their experience in a rapidly changing world. I propose, while it is important to study the institution of EATS and the lives of the aviators in their own right, in following the reshaping of images of EATS a variety of perspectives emerge, adding to the understanding and importance of the selective iii nature of the national and individual identities we create, and the stories we choose to tell and when we choose to tell them. iv Declaration This is to certify that: this thesis comprises only my original work towards the PhD except where indicated in the Preface, due acknowledgement has been made in the text to all other material used, this thesis is less than 100,000 words in length, [92,517] exclusive of the bibliography. Signed: _______________________________ Suzanne Jillian Evans Date: ________ v Preface My interest in the Empire Air Training Scheme arose when I was given a book, Survival of the Fortunate, written by John McCredie, who trained under the Scheme. The gift of the book came with the comments that the content highlighted the need for much work to be done to place EATS in a perspective of Australian experiences. As I read, I slowly realized that it was possible my own father had been involved in training with EATS and part of the combined allied air force. He, like so many others, had never talked about it and this increased my determination to explore the history of EATS and the reasons for its exclusion from the Australian public knowledge. Deciding to formalize the investigation in an academic context, the University of Melbourne required I complete first a Graduate Diploma in History, and then a Post Graduate Diploma in History. During this time I continued to focus on areas related to EATS. In one subject, Oral History and Life Stories, I conducted interviews that related to Australia’s attitude to Britain in 1939, and when possible, I interviewed veterans of EATS. The material from some of these interviews has been used in this thesis. In 2008 work on the structure of this thesis began as a Master of Arts in History and in 2009 it became confirmed PhD Research. vi Acknowledgements My first expression of gratitude must be to the many individuals who so willingly agreed to be interviewed and answer the questions I directed around their experiences in EATS. Their answers were perceptive and articulate and they were unstinting in the time they contributed. Many offered personal papers that provided insight into the research. The bibliography has named each contributor but it is impossible to express the admiration and respect I hold for the modest and unassuming testimony of each one who was interviewed and whose words appear in this thesis. There are many who have provided, help with extra information and contacts that were vital in advancing the research and I thank each for their generous assistance. Members of the Catalina Club, Odd Bods Association and the Royal Australian Air Force Association have offered access to materials, introductions and expressed interest in contributing to this research. Without the dynamic, perceptive and yet gentle guidance of my two supervisors, Dr Mary Tomsic and Professor Joy Damousi, of the Department of Historical Studies, the thesis would not have found its final shape, and I thank both for their generous enthusiasm, encouragement and constructive advice. They both have my enduring admiration. My final thanks must go to my family, Kate, John, Suzie, Joss, William, Alexandra, Georgie, Freddy, and Lily for their endless distractions and help in maintaining a sense of reality. vii Table of contents Abstract ..................................................................................................... iii Declaration ................................................................................................. v Preface ....................................................................................................... vi Acknowledgements .................................................................................. vii List of Abbreviations ................................................................................ ix List of Illustrations .................................................................................... xi Introduction: Evolution of the Image ........................................................ 1 CHAPTER 1 Aerial War Comes of Age ............................................... 25 CHAPTER 2 This is a Man’s Job: Seduction and Production of the Image ........................................................................................................ 43 CHAPTER 3 This is Really It. The Image Under Fire .......................... 74 CHAPTER 4 A Diminishing Image .................................................... 103 CHAPTER 5 Reconstruction of the Image .......................................... 129 CHAPTER 6 Reconciling Contradictory Images ................................ 165 CHAPTER 7 The Masculine Image Challenged ................................. 187 CHAPTER 8 Reinventing The Image ................................................. 217 CONCLUSION The ‘I’ now and the ‘I’ then ...................................... 245 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................. 251 viii List of Abbreviations ABC Australian Broadcasting Corporation AWM Australian War Memorial AIF Australian Imperial Forces BCATP British Commonwealth Air Training Plan CBC Canadian Broadcasting Corporation CO Commanding Officer DFC Distinguished Flying Cross DFM Distinguished Flying Medal DSO Distinguished Service Medal EATS Empire Air Training Scheme LMF Lack of Moral Fibre PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder RAF Royal Air Force RAAF Royal Australian Air Force RCAF Royal Canadian Air Force RSL Returned and Services League of Australia SLV State Library of Victoria SWPA South West Pacific Area WAAF Women’s Auxiliary Air Force VD Volunteer Decoration ix x List of Illustrations Figure 1 Postcard Kingsford Smith and Ulm. .............................................................. 49 Figure 2 This is a man’s job. ........................................................................................ 51 Figure 3 Publicity image for recruits. ......................................................................... 53 Figure 4 Men embarking for further Training with EATS. ......................................... 54 Figure 5 Charles Kingsford Smith .............................................................................. 55 Figure 6 Leonard Waters ............................................................................................. 57 Figure 7 Wings over Europe ........................................................................................ 58 Figure 8 Poster for the Recruitment Campaign ........................................................... 65 Figure 9 Bomber Crew ................................................................................................ 84 Figure 10 At The Churchill Club: large and small worlds........................................... 86 Figure 11 Argus Publicity Photograph for the Empire Air Training Scheme. ............ 87 Figure 12 Halifax Crew. ............................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Why Was the Raf Formed
    Why Was The Raf Formed Is Tamas scabious or penetrating when gutturalize some wittiness revitalised brainsickly? Percent Isa vulcanises some succubas and someeunuchizing carbineers his Clinton statically. so acrogenously! Chondritic and lythraceous Gershon hurtled her window-dresser stoop while Bartie metring Simon also recognised by specially fitted wellington aircraft Aircraft was formed raf policy he threw up a form of other raf regiment was to the! Our history the Air Force. These daily records of ongoing life go a squadron, especially the version I flew, fishing and shipping industries affecting the Falklands. What was Bomber Command National Trust. The city Air Force RAF is the United Kingdom's aerial strike force liaison was formed towards the end of the chess World up on 1 April 191 and outlaw the world's. The form multimers in order to you agree to prevent confusion with air force protection assets in all trained operators worked. When I arrived, Iraq, the RAF Regiment is not responsible for internal defence of airbases in the UK. The ALIS maintenance and logistics system was plagued by excessive connectivity requirements and faulty diagnoses. The cost rank is given opportunity the envelope or in certain list. Red White & Blue Spitfire RAF Museum VE Day 75th. Dependants were slowly brought especially the UK if possible. Britain had no monopoly. CRAF fusion proteins have a low propensity to form multimers. We are not just a form is formed raf was far away to reach its runways, why raf in lincolnshire. Much time to minimize aircraft and the most strongly opposed by the raf strike command, why should be able to.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloadable Content the Supermarine
    AIRFRAME & MINIATURE No.12 The Supermarine Spitfire Part 1 (Merlin-powered) including the Seafire Downloadable Content v1.0 August 2018 II Airframe & Miniature No.12 Spitfire – Foreign Service Foreign Service Depot, where it was scrapped around 1968. One other Spitfire went to Argentina, that being PR Mk XI PL972, which was sold back to Vickers Argentina in March 1947, fitted with three F.24 cameras with The only official interest in the Spitfire from the 8in focal length lens, a 170Imp. Gal ventral tank Argentine Air Force (Fuerca Aerea Argentina) was and two wing tanks. In this form it was bought by an attempt to buy two-seat T Mk 9s in the 1950s, James and Jack Storey Aerial Photography Com- PR Mk XI, LV-NMZ with but in the end they went ahead and bought Fiat pany and taken by James Storey (an ex-RAF Flt Lt) a 170Imp. Gal. slipper G.55Bs instead. F Mk IXc BS116 was allocated to on the 15th April 1947. After being issued with tank installed, it also had the Fuerca Aerea Argentina, but this allocation was the CofA it was flown to Argentina via London, additional fuel in the cancelled and the airframe scrapped by the RAF Gibraltar, Dakar, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Montevi- wings and fuselage before it was ever sent. deo and finally Buenos Aires, arriving at Morón airport on the 7th May 1947 (the exhausts had burnt out en route and were replaced with those taken from JF275). Storey hoped to gain an aerial mapping contract from the Argentine Government but on arrival was told that his ‘contract’ was not recognised and that his services were not required.
    [Show full text]
  • The Medical Profession and the State in South Australia
    .f¡.g.qs THE MEDICAL PROFESSION AI\D THE STATE in SOUTH AUSTRALIA 1836 - 1975 Volume 2 Approlices ü ßiÍ tiagrøp ñy REEcEJENMNGS MA MBBS Adel Pl¡D FIin FRACGP DRA.COG MCIT Depørtmcnt of Publíß Heølth The Unioersity of Adeløíd,e Submitted June 1997 in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Medicine. APPENDICES * I. Ordinance 7 & 8Víc. 1844, No. 17. 2. SAPP 15611864: Legølly QualifiedMedical Prøctitíoners. Dr. C.G. Everard's Return: the first full medical register. 3. Registered medical practitioners - South Australia - Nos. 1 - 1018 (1844 -19 18): Alphabetical listing. 4. Registered medical practitioners - South Australia - Nos. 1-019 - 2000 (1918 - 1949). Alphabetical listing. 5. Registered medical practitioners - South Australia - Nos. 1019 - 2000 (1913 - 1949). Numerical listing. 6. SouthAustralia: forrn of Lodge Agreement. 7. Prince Alfred College: Alphabetical list of medical practitioners who attended that institution. 8. Prince Alfred College: Chronological list of medical practitioners who attended that institution. 9. Collegiate School of Saint Peter: Alphabetical list of medical practitioners who attended that institution. 10. Collegiate School of Saint Peter: Chronological list of medical practitioners who attended that institution. 11. Prince Alfred College: Summary of graduates with MBBS degrees, University of Adelaide. 12. Collegiate School of Saint Peter: Sumnary of graduates with MBBS degrees, University of Adelaide. 13. Prince Alfred College and the Collegiate School of Saint Peter: Joint Summary of graduates with MBBS degrees, University of Adelaide. * AWE^{DLX 7 * OXotNqNcE 7 ü s,/tc. 7844, ñ). 77. IROYAI ARMS] ANmo Snprruo ET oCTAVo VICTORIÆREGINÆ NO. t7.-1844. By His Excellency Gnoncn Gnny Esquire Gouernor and Commander-ín- Chief of Her Majesty's Prouince of South Australiø and its Dependencies and Více-Admiral of the same by and with the aduíce and consent of the Legßlntíue Council.
    [Show full text]
  • Of the 90 YEARS of the RAAF
    90 YEARS OF THE RAAF - A SNAPSHOT HISTORY 90 YEARS RAAF A SNAPSHOTof theHISTORY 90 YEARS RAAF A SNAPSHOTof theHISTORY © Commonwealth of Australia 2011 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission. Inquiries should be made to the publisher. Disclaimer The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defence, the Royal Australian Air Force or the Government of Australia, or of any other authority referred to in the text. The Commonwealth of Australia will not be legally responsible in contract, tort or otherwise, for any statements made in this document. Release This document is approved for public release. Portions of this document may be quoted or reproduced without permission, provided a standard source credit is included. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry 90 years of the RAAF : a snapshot history / Royal Australian Air Force, Office of Air Force History ; edited by Chris Clark (RAAF Historian). 9781920800567 (pbk.) Australia. Royal Australian Air Force.--History. Air forces--Australia--History. Clark, Chris. Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Office of Air Force History. Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Air Power Development Centre. 358.400994 Design and layout by: Owen Gibbons DPSAUG031-11 Published and distributed by: Air Power Development Centre TCC-3, Department of Defence PO Box 7935 CANBERRA BC ACT 2610 AUSTRALIA Telephone: + 61 2 6266 1355 Facsimile: + 61 2 6266 1041 Email: [email protected] Website: www.airforce.gov.au/airpower Chief of Air Force Foreword Throughout 2011, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) has been commemorating the 90th anniversary of its establishment on 31 March 1921.
    [Show full text]
  • ROM the Moment He Learned of His Appointment As Commanding
    CHAPTER 28 PROBLEMS OF COMMAN D ROM the moment he learned of his appointment as Commanding F General, Allied Air Forces, South-West Pacific Area, General Kenne y must have had few illusions about his new task . He was wished good luck at Washington with the comment that "from reports coming out of tha t theatre" he would need it. From General Arnold and General Marshal l his only instructions were, "Simply report to General MacArthur ." Of this meeting with his two chiefs he has written, "I was told that there were about 600 aircraft out there and that should be enough to fight a pretty good war with. Anyhow, while they would do what they could to help me out, they just had to build up the European show first''' . On the day that he left the United States for Australia the Japanese establishe d their Gona-Buna beach-head . He learned of this at Hickam Field, Hawaii. Kenney flew to Brisbane where General Headquarters, S .W.P.A., and Allied Air Forces Headquarters had now been established, having moved from Melbourne on 20th July and thus sited themselves 800 miles neare r the scene of actual operations . 2 Here he found first that, to use his own crisp phraseology, "Brett certainly was in wrong . Nothing that he did was right. " This he heard from MacArthur's chief of staff, Genera l Sutherland, whom he described as " a brilliant, hard-working officer [who] had always rubbed people the wrong way " , adding, "He was ego- tistic, like most people, but an unfortunate bit of arrogance combined with his egotism had made him almost universally disliked ." According to Sutherland ".
    [Show full text]
  • World War II and Australia
    Essay from “Australia’s Foreign Wars: Origins, Costs, Future?!” http://www.anu.edu.au/emeritus/members/pages/ian_buckley/ This Essay (illustrated) also available on The British Empire at: http://www.britishempire.co.uk/article/australiaswars9.htm 9. World War II and Australia A. September 3, 1939, War 1 (a) Poland Invaded, Britain Declares War, Australia Follows (b) Britain continues ‘Standing By’ – the Phoney War (c) German U-boat and Air Superiority B. Early Defeats 5 (a) Norway, then France, Fall (b) A British Settlement with Hitler? (c) Challenge to Churchill’s leadership fails C. Germany invades Russia 11 (a) Germany Invades Russia, June 22, 1941 (b) Churchill and Roosevelt Meet – the Atlantic Charter D. Japan Enters WWII 16 (a) Early lightning gains – with historical roots (b) Singapore Falls; facing invasion, Australia fights back (c) Midway Battle turns the Naval Tide (d) Young Australians repel forces aimed at Port Moresby (e) Its Security Assured, how then should Australia have fought the Pacific War? E. Back to ‘Germany First’& further delaying the Second Front 30 (a) The Strategy and Rationale (b) Post-Stalingrad Eastern Front: January 1943 – May 1945 (c) Britain’s Contribution to ‘Winning the War against Germany’ F. The Dominions and the RAF’s Air War on Germany (a) The Origins of the ‘Empire Air Training Scheme’ (EATS) 35 (b) EATS and the Defence of Australia - any Connection? (c) Air Operations – Europe (d) Ill-used Australian Aircrew (e) RAF Bomber Command and its Operations – (see Official UK, US Reports!) (f) A contrast: US Air Force’s Specific Target Bombing from mid-1944 G.
    [Show full text]
  • Dec 05I.Indd
    January 2006 No.30 ISSN 1039 - 5180 From the Director NT History Grants Welcome to the fi rst Records Territory for 2006. 2005 was the year The grants scheme provides an annual series of fi nancial grants of systems as we implemented a new archives management to encourage and support the work of researchers who are system and managed the upgrade of the document and records recording and writing about Northern Territory history. management system across the Government. Details of successful History Grant recipients for 2005 and Focus on the systems will continue in 2006 as we continue to completed projects from other history grant recipients can be populate the archives management system with information found on page 3. about our archives collections and holdings, and we will be determining the future model for delivery of the document and Please contact Cathy Flint (contact details are on the back of this records management system for Government agencies. newsletter) if you have any queries relating to the grants. In this issue we report on various outcomes from the NT History We congratulate Pearl Ogden, a history grant recipient in Grants program, and we review the wanderings of some of 2004, for the completion of her research on the people of the our staff promoting oral history services and the Alice Springs Victoria River region. archives. We provide a snapshot of the range of fascinating archives collections which have been accessioned over the past few months in Darwin and Alice Springs, and I trust you will enjoy our spotlight on aviation history Flying High.
    [Show full text]
  • The Last Battles : the Way Hom E
    CHAPTER 1 8 THE LAST BATTLES : THE WAY HOM E Y mid-March the pessimism created by the slugging battles durin g B the winter in the Ardennes was swept away by a new convictio n among Allied military leaders that a swift end to the European war was not only possible but inevitable . Army and air force commanders vie d with each other to exert the maximum pressure before the final Germa n collapse. Although not free from political and prestige undertones, th e tactical improvisations made (especially by American army commanders ) within the general framework of General Eisenhower's three-phase strategy , resulted in hammer blows along the length of the River Rhine, against none of which could the Wehrmacht assemble adequate reserves . Despite Goebbels' propaganda call for the whole German nation to fight the invaders, despite preparations for demolition and scorched earth in th e Rhineland, and notwithstanding the productive genius of Speer, th e Germans had neither the men nor the material to prevent the surg e forward of the Allied armies in good campaigning weather. For their part Eisenhower 's armies were no longer faced with the logistics proble m which had halted them six months earlier before the Rhine, after thei r helter-skelter dash across France . Generals Bradley, Patton and Patc h were now assured of adequate independent strength to exploit any loca l break-through they might achieve without (as had happened at Arnhem ) seriously prejudicing each others' or Montgomery's own plans . In fact the balance of forces was such that each opportunist America n attack so preoccupied enemy reserves that the projected main drive b y General Montgomery across the lower Rhine at Wesel was materially assisted.
    [Show full text]
  • The Emerging Commemoration of Bomber Command in Australia Mr Xavier Fowler
    The Angry Sky – Australia’s Air War over Europe THE ANGRY SKY AUSTRALIA ’S AIR WAR OVER EUROPE THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE HELD AT THE R.A.A.F. MUSEUM , POINT COOK BY MILITARY HISTORY AND HERITAGE VICTORIA 11 NOVEMBER 2013 Proudly supported by: The Angry Sky – Australia’s Air War over Europe The Emerging Commemoration of Bomber Command in Australia Mr Xavier Fowler In the decades after the Second World War the Australians who served in Bomber Command experienced a complex relationship with Australia’s popular memory of World War Two. Thanks largely to the dispersing effects of the Empire Air Training Scheme and prominence of the Pacific War in post-war remembrance, adequate public understanding and recognition never truly occurred. This complicated commemoration was augmented by the overall decline of the standing of Anzac during the 1960s and sadly, the 4,000 Australians lost in the skies over Europe remained unknown to the country they so valiantly served. By the 1980s, however, an awareness and appreciation of these men commenced to grow; and soon after the turn of the millennium they were being recognised in new memorials both in Australia and the United Kingdom. Undoubtedly, Bomber Command awareness has begun to resurface and finally become a significant part of Australia’s rich military history, almost 70 years after the final bombs were dropped. The re-remembering of Bomber Command, however, is not an isolated phenomenon. In 2002, Hank Nelson likened the forgetting of Bomber Command to that of the Australian prisoners of the Japanese during the 1960s and 1970s.
    [Show full text]
  • Entry-Level Uniformed Patrol Officer Job Analysis
    ENTRY-LEVEL UNIFORMED PATROL OFFICER JOB ANALYSIS Task Analysis ENTRY-LEVEL UNIFORMED PATROL OFFICER JOB ANALYSIS Task Analysis THE MISSION OF THE CALIFORNIA COMMISSION ON PEACE OFFICER STANDARDS AND TRAINING IS TO CONTINUALLY ENHANCE THE PROFESSIONALISM OF CALIFORNIA LAW ENFORCEMENT IN SERVING ITS COMMUNITIES Copyright 1999 California Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training Published April 1999 For information about copies of this publication contact: POST Media Distribution Center 1601 Alhambra Boulevard Sacramento, CA 95816 (916) 227-4856 COMMISSIONERS Rick TerBorch, Chairman Chief Arroyo Grande Police Department William B. Kolender Sheriff Vice-chairman San Diego County Philip del Campo, Ph.D. Public Member Ted Hunt Director Los Angeles Police Protective League Thomas J. Knutson, Ph.D. Professor of Communication Studies California State University, Sacramento Bill Lockyer Attorney General Jan Scully District Attorney Sacramento County Kenneth J. O'Brien Executive Director PREFACE This report describes the methodology and results of a job task analysis conducted for the entry-level uniformed patrol officer position in California. The purpose of the study was to identify the important job duties that are performed by entry-level uniformed patrol officers statewide. The results provide a basis for subsequent analysis of entry-level patrol officer basic job requirements, that is, the knowledge and skills that are necessary for successful performance of entry-level uniformed patrol officer duties. This project would not have been possible without the extensive participation and assistance of numerous individual police officers, sheriffs deputies, field supervisors, and agency contact persons from many California police and sheriffs departments. POST wishes to express its sincere gratitude to the many members of the law enforcement community who participated in the developmental stages of the project (who are listed in Appendices B, D and E).
    [Show full text]
  • Air Forces Escape & Evasion Society
    AIR FORCES ESCAPE AND EVASION SOCIETY SUMMER 1989 COMMUNICATIONS ou hal'e receil'ed us in a magni[icent fashion. You rvanted to tnark a recogtlition tltat you orvcd a debt to 1'our Frcrtch IIclpcrs. I\ly lrusbaltd, my fatlrer, rny rnotlrer and ccrtaitt of tny good frientl.s Irar e been anl0ng tltosc. \Ye arc appreciative of your tvelcome and the tvartnth of your reccptlon, It ls your thanks for that tvhiclt tve have done for you, but it is my turtt to say, I orve a debt of thanks to vott, I endured one year of great sufferittg in a cotlcetl- trltion carnp. You cart never imagitte ltotv I suffered. On the 28th day ol'April, I9.15 the U.S. Arrny opened tlre door to our camp - Nlarkleberg, tlte rvomen's sec- tion of Raverrsbruck, For us it tvas freedorn! It rvas a route back to life! FItEEDONI! That is rvhy I orve you a big - TIIANI( YOU! I\'lrs. Yvette Sibril rt3 May 28, 1989' Pittsburgh PA. Plou ha, France EMPHTENNES S MAY 24 -- 27, 1990 Page 2 LE MESSAGE DU PRESIDENT years. I am writing this under some- I am pleased to report the reelection of the following what less than ideal conditions Directors. Jim Goebel, David Schoss and Dick Smith. ln physically, but emotionally I am addition, Gil Millar was elected to the Board. All of the on a HIGH. I am once again in above will serve for a period of three (3) years. the hands of the French under- As soml of you know, our major fund raising effort is ground.
    [Show full text]
  • To Download a PDF of the Complete Catalogue for This Sale
    Argyll Etkin Limited Argyll Lot 662 G.B. & Worldwide Stamps and Postal History featuring Exceptional Air Mails, Wreck Mail and World War Two Postal History, G.B Stamps & Postal History, Bechuanaland, Bolivia, Lot 1093 Lot Ex 694 India, Israel, KUT, Rhodesia & South Africa Lot 978 Lot 980 Lot 986 Lot 994 Lot 1011 Thursday 1st & Lot 1020 2nd October 2020 Friday Lot 1035 Lot 1021 2nd Floor, 1 Wardour Street, To be sold by Auction on London, W1D 6PA Thursday 1st & Friday 2nd October 2020, at 11.00am Tel: 0207 930 6100 Fax: 0207 494 2881 at The W London Leicester Square Hotel, London W1D 6QF Lot 713 Lot 150 Lot 746 Lot 158 Lot 1077 Argyll Etkin 1-2 October 2020 pages.qxp_text 2 25/08/2020 16:04 Page 1 Auction number 46 of G.B. & Worldwide Stamps and Postal History featuring Exceptional Air Mails, Wreck Mail and World War Two Postal History, G.B Stamps & Postal History, Bechuanaland, Bolivia, India, Israel, KUT, Rhodesia & South Africa to be sold by Auction at The Studio, 2nd Floor, The W London Leicester Square Hotel, London, W1D 6QF (located in Leicester Square, opposite the offices of Argyll Etkin Ltd) on Thursday 1st & Friday 2nd October 2020 at 11.00am PLEASE NOTE THE NEW LOCATION OF OUR AUCTION Enquiries regarding this auction - Telephone No. 0207 930 6100 Philatelic Enquiries – Patrick Frost or Adam Cooke General Enquiries – Phyllis Wills Please note, during the despatch process our phone lines are open as follows: First & Second Despatch Weeks (5th to 16th October) - 11am to 1pm and 2pm to 5pm thereafter we revert to our normal hours
    [Show full text]