DOCSLIB.ORG

Proceedings of the Third Cryocooler Conference

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Proceedings of the Third Cryocooler Conference NATL INST OF STAND & TECH NBS PUBLICATIONS A111D7 ESTflSM l*i 0F c 0i , o NBS SPECIAL PUBLICATION 698 Q U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE/National Bureau of Standards Proceedings of the Third Cryocooler Conference QC National Bureau of Standards Boulder, 100 Colorado September 17-18, 1984 • U57 No. 698 1985 C. ? m he National Bureau of Standards' was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1901. The Jf Bureau's overall goal is to strengthen and advance the nation's science and technology and facilitate their effective application for public benefit. To this end, the Bureau conducts research and provides: (1) a basis for the nation's physical measurement system, (2) scientific and technological services for industry and government, (3) a technical basis for equity in trade, and (4) technical services to promote public safety. The Bureau's technical work is performed by the National Measurement Laboratory, the National Engineering Laboratory, the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology, and the Center for Materials Science. The National Measurement Laboratory 2 Provides the national system of physical and chemical measurement; • Basic Standards coordinates the system with measurement systems of other nations and • Radiation Research furnishes essential services leading to accurate and uniform physical and • Chemical Physics chemical measurement throughout the Nation's scientific community, in- • Analytical Chemistry dustry, and commerce; provides advisory and research services to other Government agencies; conducts physical and chemical research; develops, produces, and distributes Standard Reference Materials; and provides calibration services. The Laboratory consists of the following centers: The National Engineering Laboratory Provides technology and technical services to the public and private sectors to Applied Mathematics address national needs and to solve national problems; conducts research in Electronics and Electrical 2 engineering and applied science in support of these efforts; builds and main- Engineering tains competence in the necessary disciplines required to carry out this Manufacturing Engineering research and technical service; develops engineering data and measurement Building Technology capabilities; provides engineering measurement traceability services; develops Fire Research 2 test methods and proposes engineering standards and code changes; develops Chemical Engineering and proposes new engineering practices; and develops and improves mechanisms to transfer results of its research to the ultimate user. The Laboratory consists of the following centers: The Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology Conducts research and provides scientific and technical services to aid Programming Science and Federal agencies in the selection, acquisition, application, and use of com- Technology puter technology to improve effectiveness and economy in Government Computer Systems operations in accordance with Public Law 89-306 (40 U.S.C. 759), relevant Engineering Executive Orders, and other directives; carries out this mission by managing the Federal Information Processing Standards Program, developing Federal ADP standards guidelines, and managing Federal participation in ADP voluntary standardization activities; provides scientific and technological ad- visory services and assistance to Federal agencies; and provides the technical foundation for computer-related policies of the Federal Government. The In- stitute consists of the following centers: The Center for Materials Science Conducts research and provides measurements, data, standards, reference Inorganic Materials 3 materials, quantitative understanding and other technical information funda- Fracture and Deformation mental to the processing, structure, properties and performance of materials; Polymers addresses the scientific basis for new advanced materials technologies; plans Metallurgy research around cross-country scientific themes such as nondestructive Reactor Radiation evaluation and phase diagram development; oversees Bureau-wide technical programs in nuclear reactor radiation research and nondestructive evalua- tion; and broadly disseminates generic technical information resulting from its programs. The Center consists of the following Divisions: 'Headquarters and Laboratories at Gaithersburg, MD, unless otherwise noted; mailing address Gaithersburg, MD 20899. 2 Some divisions within the center are located at Boulder, CO 80303. 3 Located at Boulder, CO, with some elements at Gaithersburg, MD. Proceedings of the Third Cryocooler Conference National Bureau of Standards Boulder, Colorado September 17-18, 1984 Edited by: Ray Radebaugh, Beverly Louie, and Sandy McCarthy Natbnal Bureau of Standards Boulder, Colorado 80303 Sponsored by: Cryogenic Engineering Conference International Institute of Refrigeration -Com mission A 1/2 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center National Bureau of Standards Naval Research Laboratory Office of Naval Research Q z U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director Issued May 1985 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 85-600544 Natbnal Bureau of Standards Special Publication 698 Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.), Spec. Publ. 698, 279 pages (May 1985) CODEN: XNBSAV U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1985 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 ABSTRACT This document contains the proceedings of the Third Cryocooler Conference, held at the National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado, on September 17-18, 1984. About 140 people from 10 countries attended the conference and repre- sented industry, government, and academia. A total of 26 papers were presented orally at the conference and all appear in written form in this document. The emphasis in this confer- ence was on small cryocoolers in the temperature range of 4 - 80 K. Mechanical and nonmechanical types were discussed in the various papers. Applications of these small cryocoolers include the cooling of infrared detectors, cryopumps, small superconducting devices and magnets, and electronic devices. Key words: conference; cryocoolers; cryogenics, cryopumps; helium; infrared detectors; refrigeration; superconductors. DISCLAIMER Except where attributed to NBS authors, the content of individual sections of this volume has not been reviewed or edited by the National Bureau of Standards. NBS therefore accepts no responsibility for quality of copy, comments, or recommendations therein. The mention of trade names in this volume is in no sense an endorsement or recommendation by the National Bureau of Standards. i i i DEDICATION TO THE MEMORY OF PROFESSOR WILLIAM E. GIFFORD The 3rd Cryocooler Conference on Refrigeration for Cryogenic Sensors and Electronic Systems is dedicated to our late colleague, Professor William E. Gifford of Syracuse University, for his valuable contributions to the field of cryoref rigeration. He was one of our pioneers, an inventor of practical systems, a dedicated teacher who inspired his students, and founder of an organization to carry on the development and manufacturing of cryoref rigeration machinery. SPONSORS National Bureau of Standards Office of Naval Research Naval Research Laboratory International Institute of Refrigeration - Commission Al/2 Cryogenic Engineering Conference NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center CHAIRMAN Ray Radebaugh - National Bureau of Standards ADMINISTRATOR Sandy McCarthy - National Bureau of Standards ADVISORY COMMITTEE Edgar A. Edelsack - Office of Naval Research Max Gasser - NASA/Goddard Peter J. Kerney - CTI Cryogenics Paul Lindquist - Wright-Patterson AFB Ralph Longsworth - Air Products and Chemicals Martin Nisenoff - Naval Research Laboratory Allan Sherman - NASA/Goddard Klaus D. Timmerhaus - University of Colorado Graham Walker - General Pneumatics Corp. James E. Zimmerman - National Bureau of Standards LOCAL COMMITTEE Beverly Louie - National Bureau of Standards Ray Radebaugh - National Bureau of Standards James E. Zimmerman - National Bureau of Standards iv CONTENTS Page 1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 1 2. "DESIGN OF CRYOCOOLERS FOR MICROWATT SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES," by J. E. Zimmerman 2 3. "RECENT CRYOCOOLER PROGRESS IN JAPAN," by Yoichi Matsubara 10 4. "MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS," by John A. Barclay 20 5. "RECIPROCATING MAGNETIC REFRIGERATOR," by Dean L. Johnson 33 6. "IMPROVED HEAT SWITCH FOR GAS SORPTION COMPRESSOR," by Chung K. Chan 42 7. "HYDRIDE ABSORPTION REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM FOR TEN KELVIN AND BELOW," by Jack A. Jones 53 8. "CLASSIFICATION OF CRYOCOOLERS," by G. Walker 65 9. "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR A MINIATURE STIRLING REFRIGERATOR," by Shimo Li, Chen Guobang, Cuangji Cui , and Jiazhang Li 71 10. "PARAMETRIC TESTING OF A LINEARLY DRIVEN STIRLING CRYOGENIC REFRIGERATOR," by F. R. Stolfi and A. Daniels 80 11. "DESIGN OF A FLIGHT QUALIFIED LONG-LIFE CRYOCOOLER," by L. Knox, P. Patt, and R. Maresca 99 12. "SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE OF A CONICAL PLASTIC CRYOCOOLER," by N. Lambert 119 13. "EFFECT OF LEAKAGE THROUGH CLEARANCE SEALS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A 10 K STIRLING-CYCLE REFRIGERATOR," by C. S. Keung and E. Lindale 127 14. "AN EXPERIMENTAL RECIPROCATING EXPANDER FOR CRYOCOOLER APPLICATION," by Moses Minta and Joseph L. Smith, Jr 135 15. "EXPERIMENTS WITH A FULLY INSTRUMENTED SPLIT STIRLING CRYOCOOLER," by Alain Faure, Serge Reale, and Philippe Bernhein 147 16. "LOW FREQUENCY SPLIT CYCLE CRYOCOOLER," by S. X. Bian, Y. D. Zhang, W. W. Wan, L. Wang,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stirling Refrigerator
    Stirling Refrigerator Mid-Point Report Luis Gardetto Ahmad Althomali Abdulrahman Alazemi Faiez Alazmi John Wiley 2017-2018 Project Sponsor: Dr. David Trevas Faculty Advisor: Mr. David Willy Instructor: Dr. Sarah Oman DISCLAIMER This report was prepared by students as part of a university course requirement. While considerable effort has been put into the project, it is not the work of licensed engineers and has not undergone the extensive verification that is common in the profession. The information, data, conclusions, and content of this report should not be relied on or utilized without thorough, independent testing and verification. University faculty members may have been associated with this project as advisors, sponsors, or course instructors, but as such they are not responsible for the accuracy of results or conclusions. i Executive Summary Refrigeration is a ubiquitous application of engineering concepts, with implications like food preservation techniques, superconducting-magnet involving techniques and crystal harvesting techniques. The refrigeration process involves the removal of excess heat from specified objects, thereby enhancing the cooling or the chilling effect. Refrigerators come in many sizes and shapes, according to the available expertise, materials, and applications. With the advancement of technology and the emergence of various contemporary issues such as cost, size, and dangerous chemicals among others, researchers are embarking on studies, which can facilitate the design and development of a more efficient refrigerator, capable of performing the desired work as presupposed with minimal problems. The current proposal focuses on Stirling cryocoolers, which have been recognized as one of the most efficient coolers of the current era. The key advantages of these chillers include low power consumption rates as well as the use of non-hazardous refrigerants.
    [Show full text]
  • Development and Testing of an Axial Halbach Magnetic Bearing
    NASA/TM—2006-214357 Development and Testing of an Axial Halbach Magnetic Bearing Dennis J. Eichenberg, Christopher A. Gallo, and William K. Thompson Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio July 2006 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected advancement of aeronautics and space science. The papers from scientific and technical NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or cosponsored by NASA. this important role. • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, The NASA STI Program operates under the auspices technical, or historical information from of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, NASA programs, projects, and missions, often organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates concerned with subjects having substantial NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access public interest. to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Reports Server, • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English- thus providing one of the largest collections of language translations of foreign scientific and aeronautical and space science STI in the world. technical material pertinent to NASA’s mission. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which Specialized services also include creating custom includes the following report types: thesauri, building customized databases, organizing and publishing research results. • TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase For more information about the NASA STI of research that present the results of NASA program, see the following: programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamic Suspension Modeling of an Eddy-Current Device: an Application to Maglev
    DYNAMIC SUSPENSION MODELING OF AN EDDY-CURRENT DEVICE: AN APPLICATION TO MAGLEV by Nirmal Paudel A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of North Carolina at Charlotte in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Electrical Engineering Charlotte 2012 Approved by: Dr. Jonathan Z. Bird Dr. Yogendra P. Kakad Dr. Robert W. Cox Dr. Scott D. Kelly ii c 2012 Nirmal Paudel ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii ABSTRACT NIRMAL PAUDEL. Dynamic suspension modeling of an eddy-current device: an application to Maglev. (Under the direction of DR. JONATHAN Z. BIRD) When a magnetic source is simultaneously oscillated and translationally moved above a linear conductive passive guideway such as aluminum, eddy-currents are in- duced that give rise to a time-varying opposing field in the air-gap. This time-varying opposing field interacts with the source field, creating simultaneously suspension, propulsion or braking and lateral forces that are required for a Maglev system. In this thesis, a two-dimensional (2-D) analytic based steady-state eddy-current model has been derived for the case when an arbitrary magnetic source is oscillated and moved in two directions above a conductive guideway using a spatial Fourier transform technique. The problem is formulated using both the magnetic vector potential, A, and scalar potential, φ. Using this novel A-φ approach the magnetic source needs to be incorporated only into the boundary conditions of the guideway and only the magnitude of the source field along the guideway surface is required in order to compute the forces and power loss.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro 2017
    Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro RETROSPECTIVA DOS MÉTODOS DE LEVITAÇÃO E O ESTADO DA ARTE DA TECNOLOGIA DE LEVITAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA Hugo Pelle Ferreira 2017 RETROSPECTIVA DOS MÉTODOS DE LEVITAÇÃO E O ESTADO DA ARTE DA TECNOLOGIA DE LEVITAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA Hugo Pelle Ferreira Projeto de Graduação apresentado ao Curso de Engenharia Elétrica da Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Engenheiro. Orientador: Richard Magdalena Stephan Rio de Janeiro Abril de 2017 RETROSPECTIVA DOS MÉTODOS DE LEVITAÇÃO E O ESTADO DA ARTE DA TECNOLOGIA DE LEVITAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA Hugo Pelle Ferreira PROJETO DE GRADUAÇÃO SUBMETIDO AO CORPO DOCENTE DO CURSO DE ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA DA ESCOLA POLITÉCNICA DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO COMO PARTE DOS REQUISITOS NECESSÁRIOS PARA A OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE ENGENHEIRO ELETRICISTA. Examinada por: ________________________________________ Prof. Richard Magdalena Stephan, Dr.-Ing. (Orientador) ________________________________________ Prof. Antonio Carlos Ferreira, Ph.D. ________________________________________ Prof. Rubens de Andrade Jr., D.Sc. RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ – BRASIL ABRIL de 2017 RETROSPECTIVA DOS MÉTODOS DE LEVITAÇÃO E O ESTADO DA ARTE DA TECNOLOGIA DE LEVITAÇÃO MAGNÉTICA Ferreira, Hugo Pelle Retrospectiva dos Métodos de Levitação e o Estado da Arte da Tecnologia de Levitação Magnética/ Hugo Pelle Ferreira. – Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ/ Escola Politécnica, 2017. XVIII, 165 p.: il.; 29,7 cm. Orientador: Richard Magdalena Stephan Projeto de Graduação – UFRJ/ Escola Politécnica/ Curso de Engenharia Elétrica, 2017. Referências Bibliográficas: p. 108 – 165. 1. Introdução. 2. Princípios de Levitação e Aplicações. 3. Levitação Magnética e Aplicações. 4. Conclusões. I. Stephan, Richard Magdalena. II. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola Politécnica, Curso de Engenharia Elétrica.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Dimensional Design Approach for Electrodynamic Bearings
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino Non-dimensional design approach for Electrodynamic Bearings F. Impinna* J. Detoni N. Amati Department of Mechanical and Department of Mechanical and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino Politecnico di Torino Politecnico di Torino Torino, Italy Torino, Italy Torino, Italy A. Tonoli Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino Torino, Italy Abstract Electrodynamic bearings (EDBs) are passive magnetic bearings that exploit the interaction between eddy currents developed in a rotating conductor and a static magnetic field to generate forces. Similar to other types of magnetic suspensions, EDBs provide contactless support, thus avoiding problems with lubrication, friction and wear. The most interesting aspect of EDBs is that levitation can be obtained by passive means, hence, no electronic equipment, such as power electronics or sensors, are necessary. Despite their promising characteristics, rotors running on EDBs are still lacking a design procedure; furthermore, at present the static behavior of a bearing can only be defined by means of finite element analyses. The aim of the present paper is to present a methodology that allows performing a first approximation design without resorting to detailed FE analyses. The methodology is based on the use of non-dimensional parameters, similar to the analysis of fluid bearings (Sommerfeld number). The non-dimensional quantities are derived using dimensional analysis, and contain the main geometrical and physical parameters determining the EDBs' performance. The relation between the non-dimensional quantities characterizing the static performance of the EDB is derived using FE simulations and is presented in the form of graphs.
    [Show full text]
  • Superconducting Magnetic Bearings Simulation Using an H-Formulation Finite Element Model
    Superconducting Magnetic Bearings Simulation using an H-formulation Finite Element Model Loïc Quéval1, Kun Liu2, Wenjiao Yang2, Víctor M. R. Zermeño3, Guangtong Ma2* 1Group of electrical engineering - Paris (GeePs), CNRS UMR 8507, CentraleSupélec, UPSud, UPMC, Gif-sur- Yvette, France. Phone: +33-169851534, e-mail address: [email protected] 2Applied Superconductivity Laboratory (ASCLab), State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, China. Phone: +86-28-87603310, e-mail address: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 3Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany Phone: +49-72160828582, e-mail address: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Abstract The modeling of superconducting magnetic bearing (SMB) is of great significance for predicting and optimizing its levitation performance before construction. Although lots of efforts have been made in this area, it still remains some space for improvements. Thus the goal of this work is to report a flexible, fast and trustworthy H-formulation finite element model. First the methodology for modeling and calibrating both bulk-type and stack-type SMB is summarized. Then its effectiveness for simulating SMBs in 2-D, 2-D axisymmetric and 3-D is evaluated by comparison with measurements. In particular, original solutions to overcome several obstacles are given: clarification of the calibration procedure for stack-type and bulk-type SMBs, details on the experimental protocol to obtain reproducible measurements, validation of the 2-D model for a stack-type SMB modeling the tapes real thickness, implementation of a 2-D axisymmetric SMB model, implementation of a 3-D SMB model, extensive validation of the models by comparison with experimental results for field cooling and zero field cooling, for both vertical and lateral movements.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Guidance for Linear Drives
    Magnetic Guidance for Linear Drives Vom Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik der Technischen Universität Darmstadt zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktor-Ingenieurs (Dr.-Ing.) genehmigte Dissertation von Phong C. Khong, M.Sc. Geboren am 10. April 1978 in Hanoi, Vietnam Referent: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Mutschler Korreferent: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mario Pacas Tag der Einreichung: 11. 04. 2011 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 29. 08. 2011 D17 Darmstadt 2011 Erklärung laut §9 PromO Erklärung laut §9 PromO Ich versichere hiermit, dass ich die vorliegende Dissertation allein und nur unter Verwendung der angegebenen Literatur verfasst habe. Die Arbeit hat bisher noch nicht zu Prüfungszwecken gedient. ______________ Darmstadt, den 08. April 2011. Phong C. Khong I Preface Preface This dissertation is the results of my 4-years study and research in the Department of Power Electronics and Control of Drives - Darmstadt University of Technology. Besides the personal works, the results are achieved by the contributed help directly or indirectly from many people to the dissertation. Therefore, I would like to give here my thanks to them. Firstly, I would like to give my thanks to Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Mutschler, the supervisor and director of the Department. I would thank for his greatest support throughout my thesis with his supervision, inspiration and wonderful working plan during the 4-years. I would thank for his support in formalities and finance for my study in Germany. To Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mario Pacas, I thank for his interest and for acting as the co-advisor. I thank the DFG Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financially supporting my projects MU 1109.
    [Show full text]
  • Test and Theory of Electrodynamic Bearings Coupled to Active Magnetic Dampers
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino Politecnico di Torino Porto Institutional Repository [Proceeding] Test and Theory of Electrodynamic Bearings Coupled to Active Magnetic Dampers Original Citation: Impinna F., Detoni J.G., Tonoli A., Amati N. (2014). Test and Theory of Electrodynamic Bearings Coupled to Active Magnetic Dampers. In: 14th International Symposium on Magnetic Bearings, Linz, Austria, 11-14 August 2014. pp. 263-268 Availability: This version is available at : http://porto.polito.it/2561348/ since: September 2014 Terms of use: This article is made available under terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Article ("Public - All rights reserved") , as described at http://porto.polito.it/terms_and_conditions. html Porto, the institutional repository of the Politecnico di Torino, is provided by the University Library and the IT-Services. The aim is to enable open access to all the world. Please share with us how this access benefits you. Your story matters. (Article begins on next page) Test and theory of electrodynamic bearings coupled to active magnetic dampers Fabrizio Impinna, Joaquim G. Detoni, Andrea Tonoli, Nicola Amati, Maria Pina Piccolo Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Mechatronics Laboratory, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino Abstract— Electrodynamic bearings (EDBs) are passive AMDs. It requires studying the effect of the combination of magnetic bearings that exploit the interaction between electrodynamic and AMD forces both analytically and eddy currents developed in a rotating conductor and a experimentally. This is aimed at developing an analytical static magnetic field to generate forces.
    [Show full text]
  • Design of a Lorentz, Slotless Self-Bearing Motor for Space Applications
    ABSTRACT OF THESIS DESIGN OF A LORENTZ, SLOTLESS SELF-BEARING MOTOR FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS The harsh conditions of space, the stringent requirements for orbiting devices, and the increasing precision pointing requirements of many space applications demand an actuator that can provide necessary force while using less space and power than its predecessors. Ideally, this actuator would be able to isolate vibrations and never fail due to mechanical wear, while pointing with unprecedented accuracy. This actuator has many space applications from satellite optical communications and satellite appendage positioning to orbiting telescopes. This thesis presents the method of design of such an actuator – a self-bearing motor. The actuator uses Lorentz forces to generate both torque and bearing forces. It has a slotless winding configuration with four sets of three-phase currents. A stand-alone software application, LFMD, was written to automatically optimize and configure such a motor according to a designer’s application requirements. The optimization is done on the bases of minimum powerloss, minimum motor outer diameter, minimum motor mass, and minimum length. Using that program, two sample space applications are analyzed and applicable motor configurations are presented. KEYWORDS: Self-bearing Motor, Precision Pointing, Lorentz, Space, Magnetic Bearing Author: Barrett Alan Steele Date: December 13, 2002 Copyright Barrett A. Steele, 2002 DESIGN OF A LORENTZ, SLOTLESS SELF-BEARING MOTOR FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS By Barrett Alan Steele Director of Thesis: Dr. L. Scott Stephens Director of Graduate Studies: Dr. George Huang Date: December 13, 2002 RULES FOR THE USE OF THESIS Unpublished theses submitted for the Master’s degree and deposited in the University of Kentucky Library are as a rule open for inspection, but are to be used only with due regard to the rights of the authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis and Design of a Maglev Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor to Reduce Additional Torque in Dq Current Control
    energies Article Analysis and Design of a Maglev Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motor to Reduce Additional Torque in dq Current Control Feng Xing 1 ID , Baoquan Kou 1,*, Lu Zhang 1, Tiecheng Wang 1 and Chaoning Zhang 2 1 School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; [email protected] (F.X.); [email protected] (L.Z.); [email protected] (T.W.) 2 School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-451-8640-3771 Received: 21 January 2018; Accepted: 28 February 2018; Published: 5 March 2018 Abstract: The maglev linear motor has three degrees of motion freedom, which are respectively realized by the thrust force in the x-axis, the levitation force in the z-axis and the torque around the y-axis. Both the thrust force and levitation force can be seen as the sum of the forces on the three windings. The resultant thrust force and resultant levitation force are independently controlled by d-axis current and q-axis current respectively. Thus, the commonly used dq transformation control strategy is suitable for realizing the control of the resultant force, either thrust force and levitation force. However, the forces on the three windings also generate additional torque because they do not pass the mover mass center. To realize the maglev system high-precision control, a maglev linear motor with a new structure is proposed in this paper to decrease this torque. First, the electromagnetic model of the motor can be deduced through the Lorenz force formula.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematical and Optimization Analysis of a Miniature Stirling Cryocooler
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ethesis@nitr MATHEMATICAL AND OPTIMIZATION ANALYSIS OF A MINIATURE STIRLING CRYOCOOLER Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech) In Mechanical Engineering By Yatin Chhabra (107ME025) Devaraj. V (107ME015) Under the guidance of Prof. R.K. Sahoo NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ROURKELA Page | i Certificate of Approval This is to certify that the thesis entitled Mathematical and Optimization Analysis of a Miniature Stirling Cryo-cooler submitted by Mr. Yatin Chhabra and Mr. Devaraj. V has been carried out under my supervision in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelors of Technology (B. Tech) in Mechanical Engineering at National Institute of Technology Rourkela, and this work has not been submitted elsewhere before for any other academic degree/diploma. .................................................. Dr. R. K. Sahoo Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela Page | ii Abstract In the given report, a comprehensive analytical model of the working of a miniature Stirling Cyo-cooler is presented. The motivation of the study is to determine the optimum geometrical parameters of a cryo-cooler such as compressor length, regenerator diameter, expander diameter, and expander stroke. In the first part of the study, an ideal analysis is carried out using the Stirling Cycle and basic thermodynamics equations. Using these equations, rough geometrical parameters are found out. In the second part of the study, a more comprehensive Schmidt’s analysis is carried out. In this analysis, pressure and volume variations are considered sinusoidal and based on these, various equations regarding efficiency and COP are derived.
    [Show full text]
  • Cryocooler Fundamentals and Space Applications
    Cryocooler Fundamentals and Space Applications Ray Radebaugh R. G. Ross, Jr. National Institute of Standards and Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory Boulder, Colorado 80305 California Institute of Technology (303) 497-3710; [email protected] Pasadena, California 91109 [email protected] Sponsored by Short Course Lecturers: Cryogenic Engineering Conference Ray Radebaugh, NIST Tucson, Arizona R. G. Ross, Jr., JPL June 28, 2015 CSA-CEC2015.ppt Cryocooler Fundamentals and Space Applications Contents Morning (8:00 – 12:00): One 15 min. break Session 1: Information sources, definitions, history, applications, thermodynamics, cryocooler types, Joule-Thomson (JT) coolers, Brayton cryocoolers, Claude systems, heat exchangers Session 2: Regenerative cycles, Stirling cryocoolers, Gifford-McMahon (GM) cryocoolers, 4 K regenerators, pulse tube cryocoolers, types, examples, modeling, cryocooler comparisons, new research Afternoon (1:00 – 5:00): One 15 min. break Session 3: Space cryocoolers, history, applications, long life, Stirling coolers, Ron Ross pulse tube coolers, JT systems, Brayton coolers, system design, qualification, vacuum, conduction and radiation thermal loads Session 4: Performance requirements, thermal measurements, orientation, Ron Ross generated vibration and supression, launch vibration, EMI, AIRS example, sizing, temperature stability, integration 6/28/2015 CSA Short Course, Cryocoolers and Space Applications 2 Course Goals • Provide information to a variety of students • Learn about various types of cryocoolers •
    [Show full text]