Gasconade River Watershed and Inventory Assessment
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Gasconade River Watershed and Inventory Assessment, May 2001 Prepared by Todd J. Blanc, Fisheries Biologist, George Kromrey, Michael Smith Missouri Department of Conservation Sullivan, Missouri Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 4 Location .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Geology ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Physiographic Region ................................................................................................................. 9 Geology ....................................................................................................................................... 9 Losing Streams ............................................................................................................................ 9 Soil Associations ......................................................................................................................... 9 Soil Types ................................................................................................................................. 10 Erosion Potential ....................................................................................................................... 10 Watershed Area ......................................................................................................................... 10 Stream Order ............................................................................................................................. 11 Stream Gradient ........................................................................................................................ 11 Land Use ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Historical and Recent Land Use ............................................................................................... 25 Hydrology ..................................................................................................................................... 45 Precipitation .............................................................................................................................. 45 Cold Water Stream and Losing Segments ................................................................................ 48 General Hydrologic Data .......................................................................................................... 49 Water Quality ................................................................................................................................ 64 Beneficial Use Attainment ........................................................................................................ 64 Outstanding State Water Resources .......................................................................................... 64 Health Advisories, Fish Kills, and Contamination Levels ........................................................ 66 Pipeline Oil Spill ....................................................................................................................... 68 Sanitary Landfills ...................................................................................................................... 70 303(d) Pollutant Discharges ...................................................................................................... 70 Habitat Conditions ........................................................................................................................ 79 Stream Gravel Mining Recommendations ................................................................................ 79 Stream Habitat Assessment Corridor Conditions ..................................................................... 82 Land Use Conditions ................................................................................................................. 84 Hydrologic Unit LULC Ratings ................................................................................................ 84 Erosion and Deposition ............................................................................................................. 85 National Wetland Inventory ...................................................................................................... 86 Nursery Wetlands ...................................................................................................................... 86 2 Channel Condition .................................................................................................................... 87 Gravel Bars ............................................................................................................................... 88 Biotic Communities .................................................................................................................... 105 Fish Community Sampling Protocol ....................................................................................... 105 Historic and Recent Fish Collections ...................................................................................... 105 Aquatic Invertebrates .............................................................................................................. 106 Rare, Threatened, and Endangered Species ............................................................................ 107 Sport Fish ................................................................................................................................ 108 Special Management Areas ..................................................................................................... 109 Gasconade River Tributaries ................................................................................................... 112 Fishing Regulations ................................................................................................................ 112 Management Problems and Opportunities .................................................................................. 135 Action Plan .............................................................................................................................. 135 Goal 1: Maintain and improve water quality in the Gasconade River Watershed so all streams are capable of supporting healthy native aquatic communities. ............................................. 135 Goal II. Improve riparian and aquatic habitat conditions in the Gasconade River Watershed to meet the needs of native aquatic species. ................................................................................ 136 Goal III: Maintain diverse and abundant populations of native aquatic organisms while accommodating angler demands for quality fishing. .............................................................. 137 Goal IV. Improve the public’s appreciation for stream resources in the Gasconade River Watershed. .............................................................................................................................. 138 Angler Guide ............................................................................................................................... 140 Largemouth Bass Fishing Tips ............................................................................................... 140 Smallmouth Bass Fishing Tips ............................................................................................... 140 Rock Bass Fishing Tips .......................................................................................................... 141 Catfish Fishing Tips ................................................................................................................ 141 Sucker Fishing Tips ................................................................................................................ 141 Glossary ...................................................................................................................................... 144 Literature Cited ........................................................................................................................... 147 3 Executive Summary The Gasconade River watershed is located within the Ozark Plateau of the Interior Ozark Highlands. The river meanders north to northeast through Webster, Texas, Laclede, Pulaski, Dent, Maries, Osage, Phelps, and Gasconade counties to join the Missouri River. The Gasconade River is 271 miles long from mouth to headwaters with 263 miles having permanent flow. The Upper and Lower Gasconade River watersheds drain 2,806 square miles. The Upper Gasconade River watershed has an average gradient of 27.6 feet/mile, and the Lower Gasconade River watershed has an average of 3.9 feet/mile. A number of springs within the middle Gasconade River portions are due to the karst geology of the Roubidoux and Gasconade Dolomite Formation and losing stream segments. The karst topography causes losing portions in the Osage Fork, Roubidoux, North Cobb, Little Piney, Spring, and Mill creeks, and Gasconade River. The entire Gasconade River watershed is reported to have 76 springs and the largest concentration of big springs in the state. As a whole, the Gasconade River watershed is rural with low population density and high farmland