Hydrologic Analysis and Two-Dimensional Simulation of Flow at State Highway 17 Crossing the Gasconade River Near Waynesville, Missouri
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Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation Hydrologic Analysis and Two-Dimensional Simulation of Flow at State Highway 17 crossing the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5194 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover photographs. Bridge over the Gasconade River (structure J-802) on Missouri State Highway 17, facing west, March 20, 2008, and January 4, 2008 (inset). Hydrologic Analysis and Two-Dimensional Simulation of Flow at State Highway 17 crossing the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri By Richard J. Huizinga Prepared in cooperation with the Missouri Department of Transportation Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5194 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2008 This and other USGS information products are available at http://store.usgs.gov/ U.S. Geological Survey Box 25286, Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 To learn more about the USGS and its information products visit http://www.usgs.gov/ 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Huizinga, R.J., 2008, Hydrologic analysis and two-dimensional simulation of flow at State Highway 17 crossing the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2008–5194, 41 p. iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................2 Description of Study Area ...................................................................................................................4 Hydrologic Analysis .......................................................................................................................................4 Basin and Gage Analysis .....................................................................................................................4 Recent Flood Events and Resultant Modifications to Gage Analysis ..........................................9 Two-Dimensional Simulation of Flow .......................................................................................................10 Model of Existing Conditions ............................................................................................................10 Development of the Model of Existing Conditions ...............................................................10 Calibration of the Model of Existing Conditions to Known Floods .....................................13 Flood of March 20, 2008 ...................................................................................................13 Flood of December 4, 1982 ..............................................................................................18 Flood of April 14, 1945 .......................................................................................................21 Simulation of Design Floods .....................................................................................................21 Preliminary Evaluation of Proposed Modifications ..............................................................25 Model of Proposed Conditions .........................................................................................................25 Model Modifications .................................................................................................................25 Simulation of Design Floods .....................................................................................................28 Effect of Proposed Changes .............................................................................................................28 Summary........................................................................................................................................................40 References Cited..........................................................................................................................................40 Figures 1. Photograph showing State Highway 17 crossing the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri, as viewed from a bluff on the downstream right bank facing west-south-west on March 21, 2008, one day after the peak for a flood on March 20, 2008 .................................................................................................................................................2 2. Map showing location of the study area on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..........................................................................................................................................3 3. Aerial photograph showing study area on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..........................................................................................................................................5 4. Map showing digital elevation model (DEM) data depiction of the basins comprising the Gasconade River Basin and streamflow-gaging stations near Waynesville, Missouri ..........................................................................................................................................6 5. Photographs showing State Highway 17 crossing of the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri, on January 4, 2008...............................................................................7 6. Graph showing original and modified stage-discharge relation for the streamflow- gaging station on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ................................11 iv 7–8. Maps showing— 7. Finite-element mesh used in the model of existing conditions on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..............................................................12 8. Land-use coverages used in the model of existing conditions on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..............................................................15 9–22. Aerial photographs showing— 9. Measured and simulated water-surface elevations for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri .................................16 10. Measured and simulated water-surface elevations in the vicinity of State Highway 17 for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri .......................................................................................................18 11. Measured and simulated velocity vectors in the vicinity of the measurement section downstream from State Highway 17 for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri .................................................19 12. Measured and simulated velocity vectors in the vicinity of main channel structure J-802 on State Highway 17 for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..............................................................20 13. Measured and simulated velocity vectors in the vicinity of left overflow structure K-112 on State Highway 17 for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..............................................................20 14. Measured and simulated velocity vectors in the vicinity of middle overflow structure K-113 on State Highway 17 for the flood of March 20, 2008, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ..............................................................21 15. Measured and simulated water-surface elevations for the flood of December 4, 1982, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ................23 16. Measured and simulated water-surface elevations for the flood of April 14, 1945, on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri .................................24 17. Preliminary proposed alignment of State Highway 17 over the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri, A, in relation to the existing conditions and B, as rendered with shaded ground elevation data in the model of proposed conditions ..........................................................................................................26 18. Land-use coverages in the vicinity of State Highway 17 used in A, the model of existing conditions and B, the model of proposed conditions on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri ...................................................................................27 19. Simulated velocity magnitudes in the vicinity of State Highway 17 from the model of proposed conditions for the A, 100-year and B, 500-year floods on the Gasconade River near Waynesville, Missouri .................................................29 20. Simulated velocity magnitudes in the vicinity of State Highway 17 from the model of proposed conditions for the A, 25-year and B, 50-year floods on the Gasconade