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WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE! WHERE TO LOOK FOR THEM! -»♦*-- CHAPTERS. I.—BOTTOM FACTS AND BED BOCKS. II.—THE COAL MEASUEES. III. —OIL AND GAS. IV. —IRON AND MANGANESE ORES. V.—GOLD AND SILVER ORES. VI.—COPPER AND TIN ORES. VII.—LEAD AND ZINC ORES. VIII.—NICKEL, COBALT AND CHROME ORES. IX.—ANTIMONY, MERCURY, PLATINUM, &c. X.—GEMS AND PRECIOUS STONES. XI.—BUILDING AND PAVING STONES. XII.—CEMENTS AND CLAYS. XIII. —SALTS AND FERTILIZERS. XIV. —MINERAL PAINTS. XV.—GRITS AND SPARS. XVI.—OTHER VALUABLE MINERALS. XVII.—WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. XVIII.—COMPANIES AND PRICES. INDEX. FREDERICK II. SMITH, Member American Institute Mining Engineers, Member American Society Civil Engineers, Associate; American Institute Electrical Engineers, Member Maryland Academy of Sciences, Baltimore, Md, / This Hand - Book of Valuable Minerals is practically the fourth edition (enlarged and revised to date) of the writer’s earlier volumes on the same subject, viz : the “Pocket Geologist and Book of Minerals,” of 1877, the “ Rocks, Minerals and Stocks,” of 1882, and the “Pocket Geologist and Mineral¬ ogist,” of 1890. This 1895 edition, being written for busy, practi¬ cal people, wastes no space on minerals of no marketable value ; and there have been added some convenient tables of weights and measures, and some inside items about mining and other stock companies; and some prices of minerals current late in 1895, all of which are thought to be of prompt use to estimators, promotors, managers, prospectors, amateurs and other observant persons who may wish to be on the lookout for good things in mineral substances on their own lands or elsewhere. This volume, like its predecessors, is intended to advance the reader’s interest by enabling him, at small cost, to answer many of his own questions, and also to advance the writer’s interest by enabling him, at small profit, to relieve that branch of his consulting engineer’s office practice which consists in answering letters containing requests for professional information, but enclosing no money to pay for it. The book is pocket size, 4£ x 6! inches, contains 238 pages, in¬ cluding a careful index; is bound in flexible cloth, contains the best dollar’s worth of information on its very important subject ever put up in one small package, is sold only through the mails, and is mailed, postage prepaid, on receipt of One Dollar. Address all correspondence to FREDERICK H. SMITH, P. 0. Lock Box 422, Baltimore, Md. OFFICE OF FREDERICK H. SMITH, CCWSULTIKG EkGIKEER, 712 Fidelity Building, Baltimore, Md. ( Bridges, Roofs, Foundations, Buildings, Specialties: -j Piers, Docks, Wharves, Railways, Canals, ( Industrial and Mining Plants and Properties. Copyright, 1895, hy Frederick II. Smith. MCLly it - 1$, CONTENTS ,bi aXh I.—Bottom Facts and Bed Rocks. in Language — Mineral Elements—Mineral Compounds — Igneous Rocks—Transition Itocks—Aqueous Rocks—Succession of Rocks— Fossil Earmarks — Veins and Beds. II.—Tiie Coal Measures. Carron—Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Cannel, Splint, Block, Lignite, Peat, Coke. Position — False Coals, Lower Coals, Upper Coals, Triassic Coals, Tertiary Coals. III.— Oil and Gas. Petroleum—Oil and Gas bearing Strata, Oil and Gas catching Strata, Oil Breaks, Oil and Gas Springs, Oil and Gas Prospects—Remarks. IV.—Iron and Manganese Ores. Iron—Magnetite, Hematite, Limonite, Siderite, Pyrite, Bessemer Ores. Manganese—Glance, Pyrolusite, Manganite, Psilomelane, Wad, Rhodocrocite. V.— Gold and Silver Ores. Gold—Vein Gold, in Pyrite, in (Quartz, in Tellurium —Wash Gold, in Slate, in Sand, in Gravel, in Clay, in Sea Water—Gold Saving— Gold Testing. Silver — Silver Ores: Silver Glance, Horn Silver, Ruby Silver, Antimonial Silver, Stephanite, other Ores — Silver Saving—Silver Testing. YI.— Copper and Tin Ores. Coiter — Clmlcopyrite, Enargite, Tetrahedrite, Chalcocite, Bornite, Cuprite, Meluconite, Chrysocalla. Tin—Tinstone, Stannite. YII.—Lead and Ztnc Ores. Lead—Galena, Carbonate, Phosgenite, Leadhillite, Sartorite. Zinc— Zinc Blende, Calamine, Sinitksonite, Zincite, Gahnite. VIII.—Nickel, Cobalt and Chrome Ores. Nickel —Pyrrhotite, Millerite, Nickelite, Glance. Cobalt—Smaltite, Cobaltite, Cobalt Pyrite, Cobalt Bloom. Chrome—Chromite. IX.—Antimony, Mercury, Platinum, &c. Antimony — Antimony Glance. Mercury — Amalgam, Cinnabar. CONTENTS. X.— Gems and Precious Stones. Agate — Alabaster — Amber — Amethyst — Aquamarine — Carnelian — Chrysoberyl — Chrysoprase — Diamond — Emerald — Garnet — Hya¬ cinth—Jasper—Lazulite—Meerschaum — Onyx — Opal — ltuby — Sapphire — Topaz — Tourmaline —Turquoise —Ultramarine—Jade- Malachite— Precious Serpentine —Mexican Onyx. XI.—Building and Paving Stones. Marbles, Limestones, &c.— Sandstones, Brownstones, &c.— milestones, Slates, &c.— Granites, Syenites, &c.— Serpentine, Porphyry, &c.— Asphalt, Bitumen, &c. XII.— Cements and Clays. Natural Cements — Portland, Roman, Rosendale, Selenite. Brick Clay, Potters’ Clay, Fire Clay, Kaolin. XIII.— Salts and Fertilizers. Salt—Soda—Borax — Saltpetre—Ammonia— Gypsum. Phosphates — Canadian,Tennessee, Florida, Carolina, Guano. Potashes—Marls. XIV. — Mineral Paints. Ochre — Umber — Vermilion — Smalt — Ultramarine — Aquamarine— Lead, Barytic and Zinc Paints — Carbon Paints. XV. — Grits and Spars. Tripoli — Corundum — Emery — Novaculite — Barytes — Feldspar — Fluorspar — Cryolite — Strontia. XVI.— Other Valuable Minerals. Alum — Bauxite — Asbestos — Soapstone — Talc — Sulphur—Graphite - Monazite. XVII.—Weights and Measures. Troy, Apothecary and Avoirdupois Weights — Surveyor’s, Long, Squan and Cubic Measures—Metric Weights, Measures and Conversion Table — Flat, Round and Square Iron Weights — Wire Gauges. XVIII.— Companies and Prices. Companies—Unlimited Liability—Limited Liability—Full-Paid Stocks —Assessable Stocks—Merits and Demerits—Price List of Minerals for lS'Jo-’G. INDEX. I. BOTTOM FACTS AND BED ROCKS. Plain Language—Mineral Elements—Mineral Com¬ pounds—Igneous Rocks—Transition Rocks—Aqueous Rocks—Succession of Rocks — Fossil Earmarks— Veins and Beds. PLAIN LANGUAGE. The following schedule of terms and definitions will he adhered to, as closely as possible, throughout this work: lustre. The lustre of minerals is an important feature, and is to be determined from freshly-broken surfaces. The kinds of lustre are as follows: Metallic is the lustre of polished surfaces of metals or freshly-broken surfaces. Imperfect degrees or slightly tarnished surfaces are sub-metallic. Adamantine lustre is that of the diamond and that of other real gems. Sometimes it is clouded by the metallic. Vitreous lustre is that of broken glass. Sub-vitreous is very common. White quartz is often vitreous , and marble is sub-vitreous. Remiovs lustre is that of the resins, balsams and clear gums. Pearly lustre is that of pearl and mother-of-pearl, and is often modified