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One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church Studies 01/09 Studies Studies 01/2009 This publication documents a study on ecclesiology carried out by the Department for Theology and Studies of the Lutheran World Federation. In addition to Lutheran contributors, the study has included voices from other denominations, and One taken into account how they understand the church as being Holy, one holy, catholic and apostolic. and One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church Apostolic and Catholic Holy, One Catholic Contributors include: Eve-Marie Becker (Denmark), Song-Mee Chung (Malaysia), Michel Grandjean (Switzerland), Minna Apostolic Church Hietamäki (Finland), Eberhard Jüngel (Germany), Nelson Kilpp (Brazil), Samuel Ngun Ling (Myanmar), Dimitrios Moschos (Greece), Cheryl M. Peterson (USA), Johanna Rahner (Germany), Some Lutheran Philipp Stoellger (Germany), and Yonas Yigezu (Ethiopia). and Ecumenical Perspectives LUTHERAN UNIVERSITY PRESS The Lutheran World Federation – A Communion of Churches ISSN 1025-2290 In Europe: ISBN 978-3-905676-70-9 Studies-cover.indd 1 05/06/2009 09:41:28 AM DTS-Studies-201002-text.indd 10 02/03/2011 15:55:18 PM One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church Some Lutheran and Ecumenical Perspectives LWF Studies, 2009 May 2009 edited by Hans-Peter Grosshans on behalf of The Lutheran World Federation DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind1 1 28/05/2009 16:17:06 PM One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church LWF Studies, 2009 Hans-Peter Grosshans, editor on behalf of The Lutheran World Federation—A Communion of Churches Copyright 2009 Lutheran University Press and the Lutheran World Federation All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in articles or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior permission. Editorial assistance: LWF, Department for Theology and Studies Design: LWF-OCS Artwork on cover: LWF-OCS Published by Lutheran University Press under the auspices of: The Lutheran World Federation —A Communion of Churches 150, rte de Ferney, P O Box 2100 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland This book is also available in Europe using ISBN 978-3-905676-70-9 ISSN 1025-2290 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data One holy, catholic, and apostolic church : some Lutheran and ecumenical perspectives / edited by Hans-Peter Grosshans on behalf of the Lutheran World Federation. p. cm. -- (LWF studies ; 2009) Proceedings of a conference held in June 2008 at the Bossey Ecumenical Institute, Geneva, Switzerland. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN-13: 978-1-932688-40-5 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-932688-40-4 (alk. paper) 1. Lutheran Church--Doctrines--Congresses. 2. Church--Congresses. 3. Church-- Unity--Congresses. I. Grosshans, Hans-Peter. II. Lutheran World Federation. BX8065.3.O54 2009 262--dc22 2009020012 Lutheran University Press, P O Box 390759, Minneapolis, MN 55439 Manufactured in Switzerland by SRO Kundig DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind2 2 28/05/2009 16:17:06 PM Contents 5 Introduction Hans-Peter Grosshans I. An Overall Interpretation 21 Belief in the One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church Eberhard Jüngel II. The Soteriological Relevance of the Church: The New Testament Witness 35 The Correlation between Ecclesiology and Soteriology in the New Testament Eve-Marie Becker III. Learning from Different Christian Traditions and Ecumenical Dialogues 49 The Ecumenical Relevance of the Marks of the Church Minna Hietamäki 65 The One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church According to John Calvin Michel Grandjean 77 A Harbor for the World in Stormy Times: Ecclesiological Reflections in the Orthodox Church and Theology Dimitrios Moschos 93 Reconsidering Roman Catholic Ecclesiology Johanna Rahner 111 Revisiting Baptist Ecclesiology in the Context of Myanmar Samuel Ngun Ling DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind3 3 28/05/2009 16:17:07 PM One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church 129 Particular, Universal, Spiritual: Understanding the Church by Drawing on Martin Luther Philipp Stoellger IV. Analyzing Ecclesial Realities in Select Lutheran Churches 147 Focusing on the Mission of the Church: Lutheran Ecclesiology in Ethiopia Yonas Yigezu 153 The Common Identity of the Churches in Malaysia and Southeast Asia Song-Mee Chung 163 Being a Lutheran Church in Brazil Nelson Kilpp 171 The One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church in the North American Context Cheryl M. Peterson DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind4 4 28/05/2009 16:17:07 PM Introduction Hans-Peter Grosshans This publication documents the beginning of a study on ecclesiology carried out by the Department for Theology and Studies (DTS) of the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), with papers presented at a conference held in June 2008 at the Bossey Ecumenical Institute, near Geneva, Swit- zerland. It is our hope that this book stimulates theological discussion on the understanding of the church within the Lutheran community. Background to the study Developments affecting the ecclesiological self-understanding of Lutheran churches worldwide vary according to context. It is therefore necessary within the global Lutheran communion to reflect on the respective understandings of the church, and thus to arrive at a deeper mutual understanding and a common ecclesiology. A number of these developments were touched upon in former DTS study programs related to ecclesiology. Two publications in particular need to be mentioned here, namely, The Church as Communion2 and Between Vision and Reality: Lutheran Churches in Transition.3 The former documents the ecclesiological discussion in the early 990s, which enhanced the then new understanding of the LWF as a communion of churches and, in ecclesiological terms, constituted a major step forward. The latter discusses how Lutheran churches in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin and North America understand themselves in their respective social contexts and live out what it means to be church. One of the main questions examined was how the church as a communion understands itself in today’s society. On the basis of these former study programs, the new study process intends further to develop Lutheran theological reflection on the under- standing of the church. Taking into account the actual contexts, the The conference at Bossey was organized in cooperation with Hans-Christoph Askani, professor for systematic theology, University of Geneva. A second conference is planned for spring 200. 2 Heinrich Holze (ed.), The Church as Communion, LWF Documentation 42/997 (Geneva: The Lutheran World Federation, 997, 998). 3 Wolfgang Greive (ed.), Between Vision and Reality: Lutheran Churches in Transition, LWF Documentation 47/200 (Geneva: The Lutheran World Federation, 200). DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind5 5 28/05/2009 16:17:07 PM One Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church program seeks to sharpen theological reflection on and the spiritual un- derstanding of the church by taking up more doctrinal considerations. On the one hand, there is the simple question if and what Lutheran churches can learn from the ecumenical ecclesiological expression: “We believe ... in the one holy, catholic and apostolic church,” which has been part of the truly ecumenical Creed of Nicaea that Lutheran churches share as their doctrinal and confessional basis since 38 AD. On the other, how do churches, past and present, realize in their life and theology their belief in the church as one holy, catholic and apostolic? The study process inevitably included voices from other denominations and took into account how they understand the church as being one holy, catholic and apostolic. Today, Lutheran churches profile their ecclesiology not in contrast to other denominational understandings of the church, but in constructive discussion with other ecclesiologies. While Lutheran churches can learn from Reformed, Baptist, Orthodox or Catholic eccle- siology (as well as others), other churches can also learn from Lutheran ecclesiology. In a certain sense, the ecclesiological mission of Lutheran theology continues to aim at reforming the church worldwide. It is vital that the global communion of Lutheran churches pursue a common theological discussion on the understanding and realization of the one holy, catholic and apostolic church. Various challenges affect how churches conceive of themselves as being church, and a number of Lutheran churches find themselves in historical processes of transition. If we look at the well-established Lutheran churches across Europe, we can observe that some have recently severed their close links to the state, or are in the process of doing so. These churches will have to develop an understanding of themselves as historical realities on their own, and no longer as being a part of the state. Without this specific identity in their relations to a particular nation (partly also due to im- migrant Christians from other countries), these churches will have to relate more intentionally to the one holy, catholic and apostolic church as a spiritual and historical reality. In order for these churches to relate more closely to the universal ecclesial movement and all churches, it becomes necessary to consider carefully the meaning of the one holy, catholic and apostolic church. Lutheran churches in North and South America have faced similar challenges as they have tried to loosen their ties to certain ethnicities. In times of global migration, the close and exclusive relationship of Lutheran churches to certain ethnicities is being questioned. DTS-Studies-OneChurch-2009-3.ind6 6 28/05/2009 16:17:07 PM Introduction In Europe as well as in North and South America, Lutheran churches are struggling with the consequences of secularization. How can churches relate to societies that more often than not are suspicious of the church? How does this question traditional ecclesiological concepts and how do churches adapt to secularized societies in order still to be heard? In the global South, Lutheran churches, products of the missionary churches’ and mission organizations’ activities, are today in a process of transition into more autonomous organizations that are part of their respective societies. Increasingly, these churches try to define themselves as churches in their own right and not according to their origins in a European or North American church or mission society.
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