Geographic Distribution of Epiplateinae Steyskal (Diptera: Richardiidae): New Records and Distribution Maps Istributio

n Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae Steyskal (Diptera: Richardiidae): New records and distribution maps istributio

D Lisiane Dilli Wendt * and Rosaly Ale-Rocha raphic

g Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Coordenação de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade. Avenida André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis. CEP

eo 69011-970, Manaus, AM, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] G n o

Abstract: Epiplateinae is a small subfamily of Richardiidae composed by three genera: Automola Loew, Epiplatea Loew

otes and Omomyia Coquillett. Automola and Epiplatea N Neotropical Region. Omomyia has three valid species, which are restricted to arid areas of the southwestern United States. A list of all species of Epiplateinae, their previouslyhave known three distribution and five valid and species, new records respectively; are provided. both are Material widespread examined in the and maps with the geographic distribution of each species are also provided.

Richardiidae is a relatively small family, consisting of In this contribution we provide a list of Epiplateinae about 180 species in 33 genera (Hancock 2010), mostly species and their known distribution based on the litera- Neotropical in distribution. A few species have been re- ture, new records and material examined. We also provide corded from the Nearctic Region, and there are no records maps with the geographic distribution of each species. The material examined belongs to the following institutions Currently, Richardiidae is divided into two subfamilies: (curator name within parenthesis): Canadian National Richardiinaeto Chile and Patagonia Snow and (Aczél Epiplateinae 1950; Steyskal Steyskal. 1968). Initially, Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, McAlpine (1976) suggested that Automola Loew, Epiplatea Loew and Omomyia Coquillett belonged to a distinct group Zoológica do Maranhão, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil – CZMA in Richardiidae. Subsequently, Steyskal (1987) proposed a Ontario, Canada – CNC (Dr. Jeff H. Skevington); Coleção new subfamily, Epiplateinae, to allocate those three genera. Paulo Bührnhein, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Epiplateinae is quite homogeneous morphologically, and Federal(Dr. Francisco do Amazonas, Limeira deManaus, Oliveira); Brazil Coleção – CZPB Zoológica (Dr. Nair Prof. O. a preliminary phylogenetic analysis indicates that the - subfamily is a strongly supported monophyletic group re, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pa- (Wendt and Ale-Rocha, unpublished data). The three Aguiar);raná, Curitiba, Coleção Paraná, Entomológica Brazil – DZUP Padre (Dr. Jesus Claudio Santiago José MouB. de genera are small: Automola and Omomyia have three - species each, and Epiplatea Automola and Epiplatea are widespread and occur in many regions TheCarvalho); Hunterian Entomological (Zoology Museum), Museum, UniveristyLogan, Utah of State Glasgow, Uni of the Neotropics, but records hasof their five component species. species versity, Utah, United States – EMUS (Dr. Wilford J. Hanson); Coleção de Invertebrados, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Omomyia is daGlasgow, Amazônia, Soctland, Manaus, UK – Amazonas,GLAHM (Dr. Brazil E. Geoffrey – INPA Hancock); (Dr. Au- restrictedare dispersed, to arid scarce areas and in theoutdated southwestern (Hendel portion1911; Hennig of the United1937; SteyskalStates of America, 1958). The and distribution the last contribution of on the genus was published by Steyskal (1973). Paraensegusto L. Henriques); Emílio Goeldi, Museu Belém, Nacional Pará, do Brazil Rio de – Janeiro, MPEG (Dr.Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – MNRJ (Dr. Márcia Souto Couri); Museu

Table 1. List of species of Epiplateinae Steyskal (Diptera, Richardiidae), followed by previously known distribution and new records. SPECIES PREVIOUSLY KNOWN DISTRIBUTION NEW RECORDS Brazil: RO, AM, ES, SP, SC. Trinidad & Automola atomaria (Wiedemann) Tobago: Trinidad, Ecuador Automola caloptera (Bigot) Costa Rica; Guyana; Mexico; Peru; Bolivia; Paraguay; Brazil: AP, AM, RO. Ecuador Argentina; Brazil: MG, RS. Automola rufa Cresson Mexico: Durango, Puebla Guyanna; Peru; Bolivia; Costa Rica; Brazil: PA, BA. Epiplatea arcuata Hendel Brazil: RR, AM. Bolivia USA: TX, AZ, NM; Mexico: Aguascalientes, Morelos. Epiplatea erosa Loew Cuba, Porto Rico, Dominican Republic. Costa Rica Guyana; Peru; Brazil: PA. Epiplatea hondurana Steyskal Honduras. Costa Rica Epiplatea isthmi Steyskal Panama. Costa Rica Epiplatea recta Hendel Paraguay. Brazil: SC, RS Omomyia hirsuta Coquillett USA: CA, AZ. USA: UT Omomyia melanderi Steyskal USA: CA. USA: NV Omomyia regularis Curran USA: CA, AZ, NM. USA: UT, TX Abbreviatons to states:

Brazil - AM: Amazonas; AP: Amapá; BA: Bahia; ES: Espírito Santo; MG: Minas Gerais; RO: Rondônia; RR: Roraima; SC: Santa Catarina; SP: São Paulo. United States of America - AZ: Arizona; CA: California; NM: New Mexico; TX: Texas; UT: Utah. 1091 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae)

- tions Dresden, Museum of Zoology (Museum fuer Tierkun- Orlando T. Silveira); Senckenberg Natural History Collec female, EMUS); idem, 7.ii.1991, idem (2 females, EMUS); de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Bra- idem, 12.ii.1991 idem (1, male, EMUS); idem, 26.ii.1991, zilde), – Dresden,MZSP (Dr. Germany Carlos José – MTD E. Lamas). (Dr. Uwe State Kallweit); abbreviations Museu idem (3 females, EMUS); idem, 10-19.iii.1991, idem, (1 male, 1 female, EMUS); idem, 20-26.iii.1991, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 22-31.v.1991, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem, as follows: Brazil – AM: Amazonas; AP: Amapá; BA: Bahia; 11-20.iv.1991, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 1-11.vi.1991, ES: Espírito Santo; MA: Maranhão; MG: Minas Gerais; RO: idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 16-17.vi.1991, idemCartago, (1 male, Rondônia; RR: Roraima; SC: Santa Catarina; SP: São Paulo. nearEMUS); Tuis, idem, 16-22.vi.1993, 1-10.x.1991, W.J. idem Hanson (1 male, col. 1 female, EMUS); United States of America – AZ: Arizona; CA: California; NM: Trinidadidem, 11-21.ix. & Tobago 1991,, Trinidad idem (2, Arima males, Valley, EMUS); 25.viii.1998, AutomolaNew Mexico; Loew TX: (FigureTexas; UT: 1) Utah. (1 male, EMUS); Comments: Species are characterized as follows: Brazil, body 5.0-9.0 mm in length, robust, yellow orange, brown Amazonas,E.G. Hancock Guajará, col. (2 males, Rio Ipixuna, 1 female, 07°06’39” GLAHM); SHollis 73°05’25” Dam, or dark brown. The species of the genus differ from the W,12 13-19.vi.1995,July 1994, E.G. HancockP.F. Bührnheim col. (1 male,and N.O. GLAHM); Aguiar cols (2 species of Epiplatea and Omomyia in having the wing with conspicuous circular and/or transversal spots and Sudoeste do Rio Urucu =Southwest Urucu River Field], males, 10 females, CZPB); Coari, Rio Urucu SUC-2 [Campo vein R1 robust seta and proepisternum ciliated. Automola has three valid ciliated species. on Automola dorsal surface;atomaria proepimeron (Wiedemann) with and 04°57’58” S 65°19’38” W,14-24.v.1993, P.F. Bührnheim A. caloptera (Bigot) are widespread in the Neotropical et al. cols. (20 males, CZPB); idem, RUC-27 [Campo Rio Automola rufa Cresson has restrict distribution in Urucu=Urucu River Field], 04°49’34” S 65°15’37” W, 05- the southeastern United States of America and Mexico. It 18iii.1994, idem (1 male, CZPB); idem LUC-09 [Campo shouldRegion; be noted that A. automola is sexually dimorphic. We Leste do Rio Urucu=East Urucu River Field], 04°51’56” S illustrate a male (Fig. 1) and the wing pattern of females is Bührnheim,65°0456” W, N.O.25.i-10.ii.1995, Aguiar et al.idem cols. (2 males, CZPB); Juruá, Mineruazinho 03°34’85” S 66°59’15” W, 13-25.i.1996, P.F L.S. Aquino col. (4 males, 5 females, Automolashown by Hancock atomaria (2010; Fig 65.4). Ortalis). CZPB); Rio Negro, Parque Nacional do Jaú, 18-20.vii.1993, Type-locality: “Brazil”. L. Albuquerque(1 col. female, INPA); Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Geographic distribution(Wiedemann), (Figure 1830: 1): Mexico: 461 ( Atoyac, 6.iii.1968, without col. (1 female, INPA); idem, 24.i.1978, (1 male, INPA); idem, 12.iii.1978, idem (1 male, 3 females, INPA); idem, 26.vi.1979, idem (1 Veracruz (Wulp 1899); Costa Rica (Hancock 2010), Atenas female, INPA); idem, 30.xii.1981, J.A. Rafael col. (1 male, (Hendel(Steyskal 1911), 1958); RS Trinidad(Hennig 1937), & Tobago: AM, RO, Trinidad ES, SP and (new SC INPA); idem, 02°55’51” S 59°58’59” W, 6-9.iii.2008, G.P.S. record); Guyana: Kartabo (Curran 1934a); Brazil: MG RioDantas Abacaxis, col. (1 05°15’09” male, INPA); S 58°11’52” Estrada W, Manaus-Boa 26-29.v.2008, Vista, J.A. BR174, km 53, vi.1972, RoppaRondônia, col. (1 male,Ouro PretoMZSP); do Maués, Oeste, (new records); Ecuador (new record); Peru: Meshagua, (SteyskalPichis (Hendel 1958). 1911); Bolivia: Mapiri, Suapi (Hendel xi.1975,Rafael col. Expedição (1 male, INPA);Permanente à Amazônia col. (1 female, 1911);Material Paraguay examined: (Hendel Costa 1911); Rica Argentina:, Guanacaste, Misiones 3 km 30.iii.1985, M.F. Torres col. (1 male, MPEG); Cálama, 19-21. southeast to Naranjo River, 1-15.v.1992, F.D. Parker col. MZSP); 62 km Southeast to Ariquemes, 17-24.iii.1989, W.J. Hanson col. (12 males, 2 females, EMUS); idem, 15- (1 female, EMUS); idem, 11-20.vii.1992, idem (1 male, 1 22.iii.1991, idem (4 males, 1 female, EMUS); idem, 13- female EMUS); idem, 13.vii.1992, idem (1 male, EMUS); 25.iv.1992, idem (8 males, 9 females, EMUS); idem, 8-20. idem, v.1993, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 14-20.viii.1993, xi.1994, idem (3 males, EMUS); idem, 5-16.xi.1996, idem idem (1 male, EMUS); 14 km south to Cañas, 3.iii.1990, (12 males, 2 females, EMUS);Espírito idem, Santo 23-31.ix.1997,, Linhares, ix.1972, idem idem (1 female, EMUS); 13.iii.1990, idem Alajuela, (2 females, 20 (6 males, 1 female, EMUS); idem, 1-14.xi.1997,São B. DozierPaulo, EMUS); 26-30.ix.1990, idem (1 male, 1 female, EMUS); col. (3 males, EMUS); idem, 16-19.xi.1990, idem (1 male, EMUS); Alvarenga and Roppa cols. (1 female, MNRJ); km south to Upala, 15.vii.1990, idem (1 female, EMUS); Araçatuba, Córrego Azul, ii.1946, Barreto col. (1 male, idem, 7-9.viii.1990, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem, 14-17. 1 female, MZSP); idem, iii.1947,Santa Catarina, idem (1 Nova female, Teutônia, MZSP); viii.1990, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 30.x.1990, idem (3 27°11’Porto Cabral, S 52°23’ Rio W, Paraná, 300-500 15-30.xi.1941, m, v.1970, F. L. Plaumann Travassos col. Filho (1 females, EMUS); idem, 1.xi.1990, idem (1 male, 1 female, col. (2 females, MZSP); EMUS); idem, 6.xi.1990, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem, Ecuador, Napo, Misahualli 8.xi.1990, idem (2 males, 1 female, EMUS); idem, 13.xi. male, MZSP); idem.vi.1970, idem (1 male, MZSP); idem, 1990, idem (2 males, EMUS); idem, 29.xi.1990, idem (2 x.1971, idem (1 male, MZSP); females, EMUS); idem, 6.xii.1990, idem (1 male, EMUS); near Tena, 6-19.ix.2001, C. Brammer Peru col. (2, Loreto, males, EMUS);Avispa, idem, 11.xii. 1990, idem (2 males, 4 females, EMUS); Yasani, 0°40’56” S 76°23’81” W, 250 m, 30.ix-11.x.2002, idem, 13.xii.1990-9.i.1991, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, idem (2 males, 2 females, EMUS); Bolivia, Santa 25.xii.1990, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 30.xii.1990 idem xi.1962,Cruz, Espejo, B. Malkin ii.1972, col. (1 F.H. male, Walz 2 females,col. (1 female, MZSP); DZUP, idem, (1 male, 3 females, EMUS); idem, 6.i.1991, idem (1 female, xi.1962,188885). L.E. Peña col. (3 females, MZSP); EMUS); idem, 8.i.1991, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem, 31.i.1991, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 5.ii.1991, idem (1 1092 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae)

Figure 1. Geographic distribution map of Automola Loew species based on literature and material examined. Automola atomaria (Wiedemann), type- species male in the right corner. Automola caloptera (Bigot), 1886: 371 (Wulpia). Type- col. locality: Bahia, Brazil. Maranhão, Cândido Mendes, Fazenda Geographic distribution (Figure 1): Costa Rica (1 male, INPA); Itacoatiara, 21-26.xi.1999, J. Vidal col. 06.x.2008,(1 female, INPA);F. Limeira de Oliveira, J.A. Rafael and P.A.M. (Steyskal 1958), BA (Bigot 1886), AP, AM, MA and RO (new Sete Irmãos, 01°51’37”S 45°46’10W”, Malaise Trap, 03- (Hancock 2010); Guyana (Steyskal 1958); Brazil: PA deMoraes Oliveira cols. and (1 females, D.W.A. Marques CZMA); Reserva cols. Biológica Gurupi, records);Material Ecuador examined: (new Brazil record);, Amapá, Peru: Urubamba Serra do Navio, River Rondônia,03°14’05”S 62 46°41’83”W, km Southeast idem, to Ariquemes, 01-06.iii.2011, , 13-25.iv.1992, F. Limeira (Hendel 1911); Bolivia: Mapiri (Hendel 1911). W.J. Hanson col. (2 females, CZMA); Pará, Pedras, Cuminá-Mirim28.ix.1957, K. Lenko River, ix-x.1969,col. (1 male, Expedição MZSP); Permanente Rio Felício, (1 male, EMUS); idem, 8-20.xi.1994, idem 28.vii.1957, J. Lane col. (1 male, MZSP); (1 female,Ecuador EMUS);, idem,Napo, 22-31.ix.1997, Misahualli near idem(3 Tena, males, 6-19. 1 ix.2001,female, EMUS); C. Brammer idem, col. 1-14.xi.1997, (2 males, EMUS). B. Dozier col. (2 males, à Amazônia col. (1 male, MZSP); Marajó-Breves, 18.xi-8. EMUS); xii.1987, N. Degaller col. (1 male, MPEG); idem, 20.ii.1988, Automola rufa Cresson, 1906: 282 (plate 6, Figure 5, Maurício col. (3 males, MPEG); Tucuruí, Tocantins River, wing). Type-locality: Alamogordo, New Mexico, USA. 21.x.1982,6.iv.1984, T. I.S. Pimentel Gorayeb col. col. (1 male, MPEG); Serra Norte, Geographic distribution (Figure 1): USA: TX, 17.v.1984, without col. (1 male, MPEG); Belém, 18- (1 male, MPEG); Amazonas, Benevides, Aguascalientes, Morelos (Steyskal 1958), Durango and Novo18.ii.1982, Aripuanã, R. Neto Reserva col. (1 Soka,male, 05°15’53”MPEG); idem, S 60°07’08” 14.xi.1986, W, PueblaAZ (Steyskal (new records). 1958), NM (Cresson 1906); Mexico: 15-25.vii.1999,J.A. Rafael col. J. (2 Vidal males, and 3 A.L. females, Henriques INPA); cols. (2 males, Material examined: United States of America, Texas, Brewster Couty, Big Bend National Park, Chisos Mountains Basin, 11.v.1959, J.F. McAlpine col. (1 male, idem,INPA); 02-29.viii.1990,Manaus, Reserva J. Ducke, Vidal col. 21.ix.1981, J.A. Rafael col. (1 female, INPA); idem, 21.ix.1982, idem (1 female, INPA); (1 male, INPA); idem, CNC); idem, DugoutMexico Walls,, Durango13.v.1959, idem (1 male, CNC); 05-16.vii.1994, F.F. Xavier col. (1 male, INPA); idem, 04-05. idem, Oak Spring, 1370 m, 14.v.1959, W.R.M. Mason col. ii.2013, F. Mastrangelo and E. Alvin cols. (2 females, INPA); (1 female, CNC);Puebla , Zapopitlan , Salinas, Durango 6.vii 14.vi.1964, 1999. E Estrada AM 01 km 134, 10.viii.1968, without col. (1 male, idem (1 male, CNC); idem, 26.vii.1964, W.C. McGuffin col.

INPA); Estrada AM 01 km 30, Ceplac, 07.v.1976, Dellone (1 male, CNC); 1093 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae)

Hancock (1 male, GLAHM) 55°29’26” W, 01-08.ix.2001, Malaise Trap, J.A. Rafael and J. Comments: Automola rufa is the only species of the Vidal cols. genus to occur in the United States and is recorded in arid regions. (1 female, INPA); idem, Pajurá Farm, 01°37’05” S 55°23’21” W, 05-11.ix.2001, idemAmazonas, (4 females, São Gabriel INPA); Epiplatea Loew (Figure 2) daidem, Cachoeira, Colônia São Quartel, Tomé, 10-17.xi.1999, 01°50’46” S 55°02’23” R. Ale-Rocha W, 01-11. and Comments: Epiplatea includes species that do not ix.2001, idem (1 female, INPA); yellow orange or brown body. The species of genus N. Hamada cols. (1 male, INPA); Bolawa-U, 01°48’25” N differexceed from 4.5 species mm in of length Automola and in have having a slightlythe wing robust, veins 63°47’04” W, 14.xi.1995, Malaise Trap, L.S. Aquino col. (1 female, INPA); Barcelos, Demeni River, Jalauaca, 0°16’15” differs from Omomyia especially in the wing, which has S 62°44’49”62°23’05” W, W, viii.2008, vii-viii.2007, Malaise idem, Trap, A.S. A. Filho Silva and and T.K. R. bare,conspicuous proepimeral transversal seta absent spots. and Epiplatea prosternum bare; and Machado cols. (1 female, INPA); idem, Serrinha, 00°25’05” species and is widespread in the Neotropical Region, but each species is distributed in a relatively restrictedhas five validarea Krolow cols. (3 females, INPA); Coari, Rio Urucu, Petrobrás (Figure 2). RUC-30, 27-30.x.1994, idem, L.E.F. Rocha and Silva cols. 09.ix.1986,(4 females, INPA); L.S. Aquino Manaus, and Reserva U. Barbosa Ducke, cols. 16-23.ix.1986, (1 female, Epiplatea arcuata Hendel, 1911: 192-193. Type-locality: U. Barbosa and L. Aquino cols. (2 females, INPA); idem, Meshagua, Peru. Geographic distribution (Figure 2): Guyana: Kartabo INPA); idem, 17.iv.1990, Malaise Trap, J. Vidal col. (1 female, Soka,INPA); 05°15’53” idem, 16-39.xi.2006, S 60°07’08” W,Suspended 17-25.vii.1999, Trap, J. J. VidalVidal and A.L.G. Freitas Henriques cols. cols.(1 female, INPA); Novo Aripuanã,Bolivia Reserva, La (new(Curran record). 1934a); Brazil: PA (Hendel 1936), RR and AM Paz Department, Mapiri, Sarampiono, 700 m, 05.i.1903, (newMaterial records); examined: Peru: Meshagua Brasil , (Hendel Roraima, 1911); Pacaraima, Bolivia (1 male, 8 females, INPA); 05-08.iii.1988, Shannon Trap, J.A. Rafael and team cols. (8 without col. (1 female, MTD); idem, 10.i.1903, idem (1 02-13.v.1987, Malaise Trap, idem (8 males, 10 females, female, MTD); idem, 21.i.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); males, 9 females, INPA); Uraricoera River, Maraca Island, Peruidem,, 28.i.1903,Meshagua, idem Urubamba (1 female, River, MTD); 11.ix.1901, idem, ii.1903, without idem col. (1 female, MTD); idem, iii.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); INPA); idem,Pará, 18-28.viii.1987, idem (6 males, 13 females, INPA); idem, 21-30.xi.1987, idem (6 males, 30 females, (1 male, 1 female, MTD); idem, 16.ix.1901, idem (1 female, INPA); Óbidos, Igarapé Curuçambá, 01°50’04” S MTD); idem, 9.x.1903, idem (1 male, 1 female, MTD); idem,

Figure 2. Geographic distribution map of Epiplatea Loew species based on literature and material examined. Epilpatea erosa Loew, type-species female in the right corner.

1094 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae)

Grande do Sul, Barra do Ribeiro, Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural Barba Negra, Mata da Faxina, 09.ix.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); idem, 10.ix.1903, idem 27.xi.2001, R.F. Krüger and F. Kirst cols. (1 male, 12 females, (1 female, MTD); idem, 11.ix.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); idem, 12.ix.1903, idem (1 male, MTD); idem, 17.ix.1903, idem (1 male, MTD); idem, 26.ix.1903, idem (1 female, INPA); idem, Arroinho, 27.xi.2011,Paraguay idem, Asunción, (1 male, 25.x.1907, 1 female, MTD); idem, 29.ix.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); idem, INPA); Vera Cruz, Santa Rosa Farm, vi.1964, Ramalho 30.ix.1903, idem (2 female, MTD); idem, 1.x.1903, idem col. (1 female, Itapuá, MZSP); Hohenau, 250 m, 25.x.1907, idem (1 female, MTD); idem, 08.x.1903, idem (1 male, MTD); without col. (2 females, MTD); idem, 08.i.1908, idem (3 idem, 9.x.1903, idem (1 female, MTD); Ucayali River, Unini, females,idem, 27.x.1907, MTD); idem (2 females, MTD). female,19.x.1903, MTD). idem (1 female, MTD); idem, 21.x.1903, idem (1 (2 females, MTD); idem, 26.x.1907, idem (2 females, MTD); female,Comments: MTD); Puerto The Yessup, Pichis River, i.1904, idem (1 Omomyia Coquillett (Figure 3) Emil H. Willi Hennig. Comments: The male of Omomyia hirsuta Coquillett material from MTD was identified by (Figure 3) has quite peculiar characters that make it Epiplatea erosa Loew, 1868: 325 (Plate 2, Figure 27, different from all other Richardiidae: the body is covered wing). Type-locality: Cuba. by dense, thin and very long setae, and the scutellum is Geographic distribution (Figure 2): Cuba (Loew this reason the taxonomic position of Omomyia has been (Steyskal 1958), Costa Rica (new record). flattedcontroversial. dorsoventrally, Originally, elongated the genus and was semi-retangular. described within For 1868);Material Puerto examined: Rico (Wolcott Costa 1948); Rica, Dominican Alajuela Province, Republic 20 km south to Upala, 16.ix.1990, F.D. Parker col. (1 female, pg. 297) allocated the genus within the Pallopteridae. Subsequently,Coelopidae (Coquillett Steyskal (1973)1907; pg. transferred 76). Curran Omomyia (1934b; to Thyreophoridae (=Piophilidae), based on the shape of the idemEMUS); (1 male, idem, EMUS). 24.i.1991, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem, scutellum. McAlpine (1976), in an extensive discussion 12.iii.1991, idem (1 female, EMUS); idem. 22-31.v.1991, about the taxonomic position of Omomyia suggested that Epiplatea hondurana Steyskal, 1958: 306 (Plate 1, it shares many characters with, and possibly belongs in, Figure 10, Plate 2, Figures. 13, 15-18, male terminalia, leg, Richardiidae, and is most closely related with Epiplatea puparium). Type-locality: Manatee, Belize. and Automola. More recent authors have accepted this Geographic distribution (Figure 2): Belize (Steyskal placement and Omomyia has been listed in Richardiidae

Material examined: Costa Rica, Limon Province, analysis corroborates this phylogenetic position (Wendt 1958);Valle de Costa la Estrella, Rica (new 17.vi-17vii.1999, record). malaise trap, F. Umana and(Steyskal Ale-Rocha 1987; unpublished Hancock 2010). data). A preliminary phylogenetic Guanacaste Province, 9 Km The Omomyia species differ from the species of south of Santa Cecilia, 1-28.ii.1995, malaise trap, P.Rios Automola and Epiplatea in the following: wing without (1 male, 3 females, GLAHM);Cartago Province, Turrialba, 2001, Puntarenas Province, (1 female, GLAHM); spots and apical pterostigma present; costal vein generally GLAHM).E. Rojas (1 female, GLAHM); dense,with spine-like thin and setae; long microtrichia setae. The genusvery reduced; has three clypeus valid Golfito,Comments: 15.x-14.xi.1999, It was malaise not possible trap, J. forAzofeifa us to (1 examine female, species,reduced O.and hirsuta not protruded; Coquillett, bodyO. melanderi generally Steyskal covered and with O. fresh material of this species but there are specimens in regularis Curran, with distribution restricted to arid areas The Hunterian (Zoology Museum) University of Glasgow of southwestern United States of America (Figure 3). collected recently in Costa Rica. Omomyia hirsuta Coquillett, 1907: 76. Type-locality: Epiplatea isthmi Steyskal, 1958: 308 (Plate 1, Figure 8, Lancaster, California, USA. Geographic distribution (Figure 3): USA: CA locality: Cano Saddle, Canal Zone, Panama PlateGeographic 2, Figures 11, distribution 14, male terminalia, (Figure 2) leg,: Panama: wing). Type- Canal (new record). (CoquillettMaterial 1907; examined: Steyskal United1973), AZ States (Steyskal of 1973), America UT: Material examined: Costa Rica, Limon, Hitoy Cerere, Utah, Washington County, Beaver Dam Slope, 1-13. Zone (Steyskal 1958); Costa Rica (new record). vii.1993,Comments: G.Carballo It was (1 female, not possible GLAHM); to examineidem. 13.v-15. fresh vii.1984, W.J. Hanson and Clemons cols. (11 males, 11 materialvi.1994 (3 of females, this species GLAHM). but there are specimens in The females, EMUS); California,idem, 10-12.vi.1987, San Bernardino W.J. Hanson County, col. Mid (1 Hunterian (Zoology Museum) University of Glasgow female, EMUS); Snow Canyon, 13.vi.1983, W.J. idem (2 collected recently in Costa Rica. females, EMUS); 10.v.1955,Hills, 26.v.1983, W.R.M. T.Mason Griswold col. (1 col. male, (1 male,CNC). EMUS); idem, Epiplatea recta 2.v.1953,Comments: C.D. MacNeill Records col. indicate (1 male, the CNC); association Kramer ofHills, O. Asunción, Paraguay. hirsuta with dead trunk in initial decomposition phase or Geographic distributionHendel, 1911: (Figure 193-194. 2): Brazil: Type-locality: SC and RS Yucca brevifolia Engelmann (Steyskal 1973).

Material examined: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Nova Omomyiaflowers of melanderi Steyskal, 1973: 851 (Figure 7, male (new records); Paraguay (Hendel 1911). Rio terminalia). Type-locality: Hidden Valley, San Bernardino

Teutônia, iii.1967, F. Plaumann col. (1 female, MZSP); 1095 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae)

Figure 3. Geographic distribution map of Omomyia Coquillett species based on literature and material examined. Omomyia hirsuta Coquillett, type- species male in the right corner.

Mountais, San Bernardino County, California, USA. California, San Geographic distribution (Figure 3): USA: CA (Steyskal Bernardino County, Kelso, 31.v.1981, T. Griswold col. (1 1973), NV (new record). N.M. Youssef col. (7 females, EMUS); Material examined: Unites States of America: EMUS). Nevada, Clark County, female,Comments: EMUS); CedarMcAlpine Canyon, (1976) 18.vi.1980, reported idem the association (1 female,

Mesquite, 22-24.iii.1986, Pit Trap, 1096 Wendt and Ale-Rocha | Geographic distribution of Epiplateinae (Diptera: Richardiidae) of O. regularis Yucca torrei Shafer. grateful to CAPES, FAPEAM and CNPq for the scholarships provided. AutomontageNacional de Desenvolvimento equipment (type-species Científico photos) e Tecnológico was made (CNPq). available We are to Omomyia regularis Curran withCurran, flowers 1935: of 21. Type-locality: us through the project “Amazonas: Diversidade de insetos ao longo de Arizona, USA. Albertino Rafael). Geographic distribution (Figure 3): USA: CA, AZ, NM suas fronteiras” (PRONEX/FAPEAM Proc. 1437/2007/NTO318/07; José Literature Cited Material examined: United States of America: Aczél, M. 1950. Catalogo de la sufamilia americana “Richardiinae”(Dipt. (Steyskal 1973); UT and TX (newLeeds records). Canyon, 15-18.vii.1980, Acalypt. Otitidae). Acta Zoologica Lilloana Utah, Washington County, Bigot, J.M.F. 1886. Diptères nouveaux ou peu connus. 29e partie (suite). XXXVII. 2e. Annales de La Société Entomologique 9: 5-47. de France 6(2): 237- 392. Malaise Trap, without collector (1 male, EMUS); idem, Coquillett, D.W. 1907. New genera and species of Diptera. Canadian Entomologist 39(3): 75-76. 28.vii.1965, idem, W.J. Hanson col. (1 male, EMUS); idem, Cresson, E.T. 1906. Some North American Diptera from the South West. 23-25.vii.1994, W.J. Hanson and S. Keller cols. (3 females, Transactions of the American Entomological Society 32(3): 279-288. EMUS); Beaver Dam Slope, 10-12.viii.1983, W.J. Hanson col. Guiana. Bulletim of American Museum of Natural History 66(3): 287- (1 male, EMUS); idem, 1-13.vii.1984, idem (1 male, EMUS); Curran,532. C.H. 1934a. The Diptera of Kartabo, Bartica District, British idem, 20.vii-6.viii.1987, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, The families and genera of North American Diptera. 19.viii-10.ix.1987, idem (1 female, EMUS); Pintura, 10.vii- (1st ed.). New York: Woodhaven. 515 p. Curran, C.H. 1934b.1935. New American Diptera. American Museum Novitates California,14.viii.1986, San idem Bernardino (1 male, EMUS);County, ZionWild NationalHorse Canyon, Park, 24.vii.1981, C.R. Nelson col. (2 males, 1 female, EMUS); In B.V. Brown,812: 1-24. A. Borkent, J.M. Cumming, D.M. Wood, N.E. Woodley and M.A. Hancock,Zumbado E.G. (ed.). 2010. Manual Richardiidae of Central (Richardiid American flies); Diptera. p. 871-879. Volume II. Ot- 4300 m, 25.v.1980, T. Griswold col. (1 male, EMUS); Cima, tawa: NRC Research Press. 14.v.1980, idem (1 male, EMUS); idem, 16.v.1980, idem (1 Hendel, F. 1911. Die arten der dipteren-subfamilie Richardiinae. Deutsche male, EMUS); Ivanpah Valley, 29.v.1983, idem (2 males, Entomologische Zeitschrift 1911: Hendel, F. 1936. Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Sammelreise nach Brasil- EMUS); Mid Hills, 19-27.vi.1980, idem (6 males, 2 females, ien, insbesondere in das Amazonasgebiet,181-212; 239-270; ausgeführt 367-396. Von Dr. H. EMUS); Colton Hills, 8.vi.1980, idem (1 female, EMUS); Zerny. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Granite Mountains, 22-25.v.1983, idem (3 females, EMUS); Hennig, W. 1937. Beitrage zur systematic der Richardiiden (Dipt.). Revista de Entomologia 47: 61-106. Morongo Valley,Riverside 19.iv.1955, County, W.R. Richards col. (2 males, 4 Loew, H. 1868. Die amerikanische Ulidiina. Berliner entomologische Zeits- females, CNC); White Water, 19.iii.1955,Arizona, J.E.H. Santa Martin Cruz col. chrift 11: 283-326. 7(1-4): 21-34; 306-312; 484-486. (1 male, Patagonia,CNC); 10.vii.1962, H.E.Palm Milliron Desert, col. 4.iv.1955, (1 male, McAlpine, J.F. 1976. Systematic position of the genus Omomyia Coquillett County, and its transference to the Richardiidae (Diptera). Canadian Ento- W.R.M.Texas, Mason Brewster col. (1 male, County CNC);, Big Bend National Park, mologist Steyskal, G.C. 1958. Notes on the Richardiidae, with a review of the CNC);idem, Dagger Plants, 1066m, 11.v.1959, W.R.M. Mason col. species known 108(8): to 849-853. occur in the United States (Diptera, Acalyptratae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 51(3): 302-310. Nine Point Draw,Yucca 3.v.1959, torrrei J.F. McAlpine col. (1 male, CNC); In E.P. Vanzoline, N. idem, Dugout Wells, 13.v.1959, J.F. McAlpine col. (1 male, Papavero (ed.). A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the [collected on ] (12 males, 4 females, CNC); Steyskal,United G.C. States. 1968. Departamento Famly Richardiidae; de Zoologia, p. 1-20. Secretaria da Agricultura, São Paulo, Brasil. Steyskal, G.C. 1973. The genera of the family Thyreophoridae and the 20.v.1959,CNC); idem, idem Panther (1 male, Junction 2 females, Center, CNC). 16.v.1959, idem species of the genus Omomyia, with one new species (Diptera). (1 male, 1, female, CNC); idem, Grapevine Spring, 915m, Annals of Entomological Society of America In J.F. McAlpine (ed.). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Volume II. Research 66(4): Branch, 849-852. Agriculture Acknowledgments: We thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Steyskal,Canada G.C. Monograph 1987. Family 2. Richardiidae; p. 833-837. Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento Wiedemann, C.R.W. 1830. . de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for supporting the Project Aussereuropäische zweiflügelige Insekten de especialistas em Sistemática de Diptera (Insecta) na Amazônia”. The Journal of the Hamm, Part II, 684 p. We“Incremento sincerely do thank conhecimento all curators da of thediversidade, collections formação listed for e lending fixação Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico Wolcott, G.N. 1948. The insects of Puerto Rico. Diptera. F.D. Godman and specimens, Rodrigo Ferreira Krüger (Universidade Federal de Pelotas – In O. Salvin (ed.). 32(3):, 417-748. 2. UFPel) for donating specimens from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to INPA, Biologia Centralli-Americana Diptera Wulp, F.M. van der. 1899. Group Ortalinae. p. 387-384. and E. Geoffrey Hancock (The Hunterian (Zoology Museum), GLAHM) for including the material examined of Automola spp. and Epiplatea : April 2013 : September 2013 Dr. Uwe Kallweit for welcoming her at the MTD. The visit was funded by Received : October 2013 thespp., German and for Academic contributing Exchange significantly Service to (DAAD) this paper. and LD by Wendt the Conselho thanks Accepted : Rodrigo M. Feitosa Published online Editorial responsibility

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