spring 2010 | volume xli | issue 2 in this issue
On the Profession The Second Latin American Economic History Congress Forging a Research Agenda for Economic History by CARLOS MARICHAL La renovación de los estudios sobre historia económica en Colombia La Asociación Colombiana de Historia Económica por ADOLFO MEISEL La Asociación Mexicana de Historia Económica Un proyecto consolidado por GRACIELA MÁRQUEZ La Asociación Uruguaya de Historia Económica Un carácter fuertemente internacional por LUIS BÉRTOLA
Debates Loyalists, Race, and Disunity during the Spanish American Wars of Independence A Grumpy Reading by JORGE I. DOMÍNGUEZ Assessing Independence The Economic Consequences by LEANDRO PRADOS DE LA ESCOSURA President John Coatsworth, Columbia University [email protected]
Vice President Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida, Universidade de São Paulo
Past President Eric Hershberg, American University [email protected]
Table of Contents Treasurer Kevin Middlebrook, University of London [email protected]
1 From the President | by JOHN COATSWORTH EXECUTIVE COUNCIL For term ending October 2010 ON THE PROFESSION Jonathan Hartlyn, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Teresa Valdés, Center for the Study and Development of 2 The Second Latin American Economic History Congress Women (CEDEM), Chile Deborah Yashar, Princeton University Forging a Research Agenda for Economic History | by CARLOS MARICHAL For term ending April 2012 3 La renovación de los estudios sobre historia económica en Colombia Roberto Blancarte, Colegio de México La Asociación Colombiana de Historia Económica | por ADOLFO MEISEL Gwen Kirkpatrick, Georgetown University Kimberly Theidon, Harvard University 5 La Asociación Mexicana de Historia Económica Un proyecto consolidado | por GRACIELA MÁRQUEZ Ex Officio Javier Corrales, Amherst College 6 La Asociación Uruguaya de Historia Económica Nina Gerassi-Navarro, Tufts University Un carácter fuertemente internacional | por LUIS BÉRTOLA Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, University of Pittsburgh Philip Oxhorn, McGill University
DEBATES FORUM EDITORIAL COMMITTEE 8 Loyalists, Race, and Disunity during the Spanish American Wars of Independence Editor A Grumpy Reading | by JORGE I. DOMÍNGUEZ John Coatsworth, Columbia University
10 Assessing Independence Associate Editor The Economic Consequences Fred Rosen, North American Congress on Latin America by LEANDRO PRADOS DE LA ESCOSURA Managing Editor Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, University of Pittsburgh ON LASA2010 FORUM EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 13 Report from the LASA2010 Program Chairs Carlos Iván Degregori, Instituto de Estudios Peruanos by JAVIER CORRALES and NINA GERASSI-NAVARRO Katherine Hite, Vassar College 14 Welcome to T.O.! | by TOMMIE SUE MONTGOMERY Hilda Sábato, Universidad de Buenos Aires
LASA STAFF CALLING ALL MEMBERS Membership Coordinator 16 Elections 2010: Nominating Committee Slate María Soledad Cabezas, University of Pittsburgh
Congress Coordinator NEWS FROM LASA Melissa A. Raslevich, University of Pittsburgh
25 LASA Voluntary Support | by SANDY KLINZING Assistant Director for Institutional Advancement Sandra Klinzing, University of Pittsburgh 27 Kalman Silvert Society Executive Director 28 Membership Report 2009 Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, University of Pittsburgh
Administrative Coordinator Israel R. Perlov, University of Pittsburgh
The LASA Forum is published four times a year. It is the official vehicle for conveying news about the Latin American Studies Association to its members. Articles appearing in the On the Profession and Debates sections of the Forum are commissioned by the Editorial Committee and deal with selected themes. The Committee welcomes responses to any material published in the Forum.
Opinions expressed herein are those of individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Latin American Studies Association or its officers.
ISSN 0890-7218 President’s Report by JOHN COATSWORTH | Columbia University | [email protected]
LASA2010 will take place in Toronto from The On the Profession essays in this issue October 6 to 10. Thanks to the efforts of take note of a relatively new phenomenon Program Chairs Javier Corrales and Nina in Latin American studies—the revival and Gerassi-Navarro, as well as the dedicated expansion of work on Latin America’s efforts of dozens of track chairs and co- economic history. Last January, as Carlos chairs, and literally thousands of LASA Marichal reports, Mexico hosted the Second members who submitted proposals for Latin American Economic History Congress The LASA Executive Council also accepted a panels and papers, by the time this issue of at which scholars from all over Latin recommendation from the editors of the the LASA Forum is published, the Congress America as well as Europe and the United Latin American Research Review who program will be completed. Even before States presented an astounding total or more proposed that LASA rely mainly on the LASA2010 convenes, work is already than 300 papers. Economic historians have Internet to make LARR accessible to Latin beginning on the next LASA Congress— formed new national associations or revived American members. The cost of mailing May 23–26, 2012, in San Francisco. older institutions in nearly a dozen countries, paper copies of the journal to Latin America including Uruguay (host of the first Latin now far exceeds the membership dues LASA This issue of the Forum marks the American Congress), Brazil, Colombia, charges to Latin Americans. As postage bicentennial of the outbreak of the wars of Mexico, and Argentina. The essays by Luis rates continue to rise and Internet access Independence with two striking essays by Bértola (Uruguay), Graciela Márquez expands, it makes sense for LASA to stop Jorge Domínguez of Harvard University (Mexico), and Adolfo Meisel (Columbia), mailing paper copies except to those and Leandro Prados de la Escosura of the provide a glimpse of the intellectual ferment members willing to pay a surcharge to cover Universidad Carlos III. Each in its own way and organizational activity that have swept postage costs. An added benefit of this confronts long-cherished conventions about this field into a new and dynamic stage of its change in policy is that LARR will now be the political impulses (Domínguez) and development. available for free download to all users in economic consequences (Prados) of the Latin America. The next issue of LARR will multiple civil and international conflicts Returning to organizational matters, the contain a full explanation of the new policy. that made Latin America independent. LASA Executive Council met in Toronto in Domínguez points to the forgotten (and February. The Council discussed whether to Finally, this issue of the Forum contains a sometimes desperate) liberality of some change the frequency of LASA Congresses request for proposals for two important loyalist commanders and the corresponding from once every 18 months to once a year activities of the Association that are now up loyalism of the slaves they freed and the (probably in the spring). The change would for renewal or reassignment. The first of indigenous subjects whose rights they certainly make it easier to remember when these is the editorship of the Latin American defended, especially in the Andes. He draws the next LASA Congress will meet. It could Research Review, LASA’s flagship journal. a complex and nuanced portrait of the also increase opportunities for participation LARR is currently edited by Philip Oxhorn, meaning of independence and its legacies. while keeping the size of the Congresses who has done a truly splendid job along Prados challenges the view that the Latin small enough to meet in less expensive, with his collaborators at Mc Gill University. American economies fared poorly after smaller cities both in Latin America and the The second is the directorship of the Film independence. In absolute terms, most of United States. And it would make LASA’s Festival, a popular and valued feature of the new republics suffered setbacks that finances more manageable. On the other every LASA Congress. LASA is greatly retarded economic growth for two or more hand, the change could pose challenges for indebted to the current film festival director, generations. Nevertheless, the economies of regional associations that schedule their Claudia Ferman of the University of the rest of the pre-industrial world did no meetings in the LASA off years and even Richmond, who has served in this post since better than Latin America in the nineteenth make it more difficult for members to attend 2004. century. Zero or low growth may have been every Congress. The Executive Council will the best the Latin American economies could revisit this question when it meets during the See you in Toronto. ■ do, he suggests, so comparing them to the Toronto Congress in October. Members are fast growing success stories of the North urged to communicate their views to the Atlantic may not be fair or even useful. LASA Secretariat or to any of the members of the Executive Council.
1 lasaforum spring 2010 : volume xli : issue 2 on the profession
The Second Latin American Economic History Congress Forging a Research Agenda for Economic History by CARLOS MARICHAL | El Colegio de México | [email protected]
Economic history has been advancing panels on the history of transport, services America), the Brazilian Economic History notably as a research and teaching discipline and ports; three sessions on evolution of Review, and no less than four Spanish in Latin America for some time now, but it is enterprise, including family firms and global economic history journals that frequently really at the big meetings that the richness companies; and a panel on the history of publish articles on Latin America. and diversity of topics and methodologies corruption in business and politics. come to the fore. This was apparent in the The Congress in Mexico has consolidated recent Second Latin American Economic There was also an innovative Brazilian regional conferences as ideal academic History Congress (CLADHE-II), which took session focusing on labor history, a forums to debate ongoing economic history place this past February 3-5 in Mexico City. Colombian panel on the economic history of research from the Americas and the Iberian that country in the last two centuries, and a Peninsula, as well as to discuss global and The conference venue was the Cultural Caribbean session on the history of banks comparative perspectives with other regions. Center run by the National Autonomous and monetary policy. In the latter session Latin American economic historians are very University of Mexico (UNAM) at the the participating researchers announced the active in the International Economic History magnificent Plaza de las Tres Culturas. The creation of the Caribbean Economic History Association (IEHA). Currently, Salomón sessions were held in the former building of Association, which will hold its first major Kalmanovitz (Colombia) and Luis Bértola the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Affairs, meeting in 2011. There were also two (Uruguay) are on the Executive Committee which has a privileged location, with views comparative sessions on the tax history of of the IEHA, and there is a well-established of the great pyramid of Tlatelolco. Box Latin America, from the colonial period to Latin American participation in all recent lunches were served in the sixteenth century the present, and two panels on the history of World Economic History Congresses. monastery of Tlatelolco , where the teaching trade and foreign investments in Argentina, friar, Bernardino de Sahagún, wrote his Bolivia, Chile, Peru, Uruguay as well as U.S. CLADHE-II has shaped the research themes famous account of the history as well as and British trade with the countries of the and agenda of the region’s economic history. cultural and religious traditions of Pre- region. Finally, there were two panels on the It has also promoted the strengthening of Hispanic peoples and societies. The Plaza de current financial crisis of the early twenty- international research networks. This is las Tres Culturas is also known as the site of first century, seen in historical perspective. clear in topics such as long-term inequality, the terrible massacre of Mexican students in foreign trade, long-term economic growth, 1968, and as one of the sites where the great The Congress was a collective effort that as well as in fiscal and banking history. The earthquake of 1985 hit savagely and was successful due to the collaboration of list of panels can be found at
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La renovación de los estudios sobre historia económica en Colombia La Asociación Colombiana de Historia Económica por ADOLFO MEISEL | Centro de Estudios Económicos Regionales, Banco de la República, Colombia | [email protected]
La creación de la Asociación Colombiana de de Robert Lucas y Paul Romer, como los de publicaciones de sus investigadores han sido Historia Económica (ACHE) es un hecho Douglass North y Daron Acemoglu y sus influyentes en este campo, destacándose, institucional que está ayudando al proceso asociados, han sido muy influyentes en este entre otros, el ensayo de Álvaro López Toro, de renovación de los estudios sobre historia sentido. También es probable que el fin de la Migración y cambio social en Antioquia económica en Colombia. Para entender en virtual hegemonía del marxismo y el enfoque durante el siglo XIX, (1968). El papel de la qué condiciones surgió analizamos a de la dependencia hayan contribuido para Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano en esta continuación el desempeño de este área en atraer hacia la historia económica a las materia es mucho más reciente, pero es de los últimos años y luego el contexto nuevas generaciones entrenadas en la gran relevancia, especialmente para entender específico en la cual se dio la fundación. ortodoxia económica. Adicionalmente, los la creación y consolidación de la ACHE, recientes enfoques les han permitido a los como explicaremos más adelante. En la En un ensayo publicado en 1997, el nuevos practicantes de la historia económica Facultad de Economía de esa universidad se economista Jesús Antonio Bejarano colombiana, así como a muchos miembros ha reforzado la investigación en historia argumentó que desde finales de la década de de las anteriores generaciones, encontrar económica desde el nombramiento de 1980 se observó un estancamiento en los nuevas preguntas, métodos y fuentes que Salomón Kalmanovitz como decano. estudios sobre historia económica de han revitalizado los estudios sobre el tema. Colombia. En buena medida el argumento El Banco de la República, que es el banco de Bejarano se refería a la falta de interés de Fruto de lo anterior, en la primera década central del país, ha jugado desde hace las nuevas generaciones de historiadores por del siglo XXI se han publicado una serie de muchos años un rol activo en los estudios de esa temática, prefiriendo una orientación contribuciones que han dejado sin piso el historia económica. La mayor parte de esa hacia los temas culturales y las mentalidades. pesimismo expresado por Bejarano en 1997. influencia se ha dado por la vía de las Su visión de las perspectivas de los estudios Trabajos como el de María Teresa Ramírez y publicaciones que realiza. También, y en de historia económica colombiana era Álvaro Pachón, La infraestructura de menor medida, la influencia se ha dado a bastante pesimista. transporte en Colombia durante el siglo XX, través de la financiación de algunos (2006), y el de Salomón Kalmanovitz y proyectos de investigación en este campo, lo Lo que hemos visto en la primera década del Enrique López, La agricultura colombiana cual realiza a través de la Fundación Para la siglo XXI, es todo lo contrario del cuadro en el siglo XX, (2006), son buenos ejemplos Investigación y la Tecnología. muy desconsolado de Bejarano sobre el de la renovada vitalidad de la historiografía futuro de la historia económica en económica colombiana. Estos dos trabajos Más recientemente, el Banco de la República Colombia. Si bien es evidente que varios de ilustran varias de las características inició hacia el año 2000 un programa los programas de historia que tiene el país le principales de las nuevas investigaciones: uso académico destinado a celebrar sus ochenta dan una casi nula importancia al tema de la de la teoría económica ortodoxa y la años de creación en el 2003 por medio de la historia económica, y en esto tal vez la econometría, construcción de grandes series promoción de varios trabajos de excepción es la Universidad Nacional, y que estadísticas, utilización de fuentes nuevas o investigación sobre la economía nacional en las nuevas generaciones de historiadores no poco utilizadas. el siglo XX. El Gerente General del Banco se interesan por el tema, también hay de la República en esa época era Miguel síntomas esperanzadores. Los sitios donde se están produciendo el Urrutia, quien empezó su vida académica mayor número de investigaciones en historia como historiador económico, y escribió su Lo que ha sucedido a comienzos del siglo económica de Colombia en la actualidad son tesis doctoral en economía en Berkeley sobre XXI es un renovado interés de los la Universidad de los Andes, el Banco de la la historia del movimiento sindical en economistas por el estudio de la historia República y, más recientemente, la Colombia. Uno de los primeros resultados económica nacional. Creo que varios Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano. La de ese programa fue la publicación en el factores ayudan a explicar esto. Uno de Universidad de los Andes tiene una larga 2002 del libro El crecimiento económico ellos es que a nivel internacional en las tradición en los estudios sobre historia colombiano en el siglo XX, a cargo del últimas décadas la discusión sobre el económica de Colombia, y muchas de las Grupo de Estudios del Crecimiento crecimiento económico en el largo plazo ha tesis de economía, tanto de pregrado como Económico (GRECO). sido una de las aéreas de mayor desarrollo. de maestría, se han convertido en clásicos de Tanto los trabajos de crecimiento endógeno la historiografía nacional. También las
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MEISEL continued…
En el 2004 el Banco de la República, dentro Los objetivos básicos de la asociación son la del programa que hemos mencionado, promoción de la investigación en historia realizó un seminario sobre la historia económica, la creación de una red de económica de Colombia en el siglo XX con personas que en el país están interesadas en presentaciones sobre el tema fiscal, el tema, la vinculación de la red local a las monetario, transportes, industria, redes internacionales en este campo, la agricultura, educación, entre otros. Esos difusión de publicaciones, la circulación de documentos fueron publicados en el 2007 en información sobre seminarios, simposios, el libro editado por Miguel Urrutia y James cursos y convocatoria de historia económica Robinson, Economía colombiana siglo XX, en Colombia y en el extranjero, y el logro de Un análisis cuantitativo (la traducción de ese la presencia de los colombianos en las libro al inglés será publicada por el David organizaciones internacionales del área. Rockefeller Center de la Universidad de Harvard en el 2010). Con los expositores y En general uno podría decir que la mayoría comentaristas del seminario del 2004 se de los miembros de la ACHE son llevó a cabo en Villa de Leiva un coloquio economistas que trabajan el tema de historia sobre el futuro de los estudios de historia económica, pero también se desempeñan en económica colombiana y las alternativas la investigación de otras temáticas para fomentarlos. Entre los participantes económicas. Pero entre sus participantes extranjeros de ese coloquio estaban John también hay historiadores, sociólogos y Coatsworth, James Robinson, Stephen administradores de empresas. Haber y Luis Bértola. Uno de los temas al cual se le dedicó mayor atención fue el de la El apoyo institucional de la Universidad creación de la ACHE. Se puede decir pues, Jorge Tadeo Lozano ha sido definitivo para que fue en esa reunión donde surgió la idea la consolidación de la asociación. Esa original para su creación. universidad cubre los costos de la remuneración del secretario, un joven Unos años después, uno de los participantes historiador económico, que realiza todo el de la reunión de Villa de Leiva, Salomón trabajo logístico y mantiene al día la página Kalmanovitz, cuando ya no era miembro de web. la Junta Directiva del Banco de la República y se desempeñaba como decano de la La labor de la ACHE hasta la fecha ha sido Facultad de Economía de la Universidad especialmente útil para promocionar los Jorge Tadeo Lozano, retomó la idea de nuevos trabajos y para mantener informados conformar la asociación y convocó a un a los miembros sobre la realización de amplio grupo de economistas, historiadores conferencias pertinentes al tema que se e historiadores de empresas para crear la realizan en el país y en el exterior. Hacia el asociación. Su fundación ocurrió el 3 de futuro su principal reto es la organización de mayo de 2007. encuentros nacionales e internacionales sobre el tema, así como la publicación de un La estructura de la ACHE se compone de un boletín informativo. ■ presidente, un vicepresidente, un secretario, un fiscal, los vocales y la asamblea. Desde la fundación el presidente ha sido Salomón Kalmanovitz y el vicepresidente Miguel Urrutia.
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La Asociación Mexicana de Historia Económica Un proyecto consolidado por GRACIELA MÁRQUEZ | Centro de Estudios Históricos, El Colegio de México | [email protected]
La Asociación Mexicana de Historia La página de la AMHE entró en funciones En ese mismo año los miembros de la Económica, A. C. (AMHE) se fundó en 1998 en el mismo año de 1998, siendo la primera AMHE eligieron a una nueva mesa directiva con la finalidad de promover y fomentar los encargada de su administración Aurora encabezada por Antonio Ibarra como estudios en historia económica en México. Gómez. presidente, Luis Jáuregui como secretario y Hasta ese momento el intercambio Gustavo del Ángel como tesorero, quienes académico entre los historiadores En 2000 fueron electos para la mesa continuaron con las labores de difusión e económicos se realizaba en el marco de directiva Carlos Marichal, Aurora Gómez y intercambio de la AMHE. En el Tercer congresos generales o congresos Guillermina del Valle, como presidente, Congreso de Historia Económica aumentó internacionales pero no contaban con un secretaria y tesorera, respectivamente. Entre sensiblemente la participación de colegas de espacio común. La única excepción era la sus actividades más importantes estuvo la otros países, particularmente de España, Asociación de Historia Económica del Norte organización del primer Congreso de Brasil, Uruguay, Argentina y Chile. de México (AHENME), fundada en 1992 Historia Económica, celebrado en octubre Celebrado en la ciudad de Cuernavaca, gracias a la iniciativa, entre otros, de Mario del año de 2001, en el Instituto de Morelos, en octubre de 2007 el congreso Cerutti. A fines de los años 1990 Carlos Investigaciones Históricas de la Universidad contó con la participación de poco más de Marichal tomó la iniciativa de convocar a Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). 200 ponentes. Al tiempo, el número de un grupo de investigadores y profesores para En el marco de este primer congreso se agremiados superó las dos centenas. En este formar una instancia que facilitara el distribuyó el primer número del Boletín de mismo año Luis Jáuregui fue electo contacto entre colegas de las distintas la AMHE. Esta publicación, a lo largo de presidente y Mario Trujillo y Mario universidades e instituciones del país. Con sus ocho ediciones, dio cuenta sobre los Contreras secretario y tesorero ello se seguían los pasos de otras avances en la disciplina, ofreciendo a sus respectivamente. Aunque existían contactos asociaciones en Iberoamérica. Una vez lectores información referente a las previos con otras asociaciones de América constituida, la AMHE eligió al que sería su actividades de la AMHE, a los congresos y Latina, en diciembre de 2007 la AMHE primer consejo, el cual estaría integrado por seminarios celebrados a nivel nacional e junto con las asociaciones de Argentina, una mesa directiva y seis vocales. Estos internacional, las novedades bibliográficas, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México y Uruguay últimos tendrían la responsabilidad de la producción de tesis y notas sobre fuentes convocaron al Primer Congreso secundar todas las actividades propuestas y archivos. Latinoamericano de Historia Económica. por la mesa y colaborar en las tareas de En la llamada “Declaración de Montevideo” gestión y relaciones interinstitucionales que Con la realización de este primer congreso, se establecieron compromisos para difundir la AMHE emprendiera. la publicación del Boletín y el y promover las investigaciones y enseñanza funcionamiento del portal del Internet se de la historia económica, para lo cual la La primera mesa directiva de la AMHE consolidaron los objetivos propuestos desde AMHE auspiciaría un portal de Internet estuvo integrada por Leonor Ludlow, Aurora su fundación. En 2001 el número de cuya finalidad era “crear un ámbito de Gómez e Inés Herrera, presidenta, secretaria agremiados llegó a más de ochenta, quienes encuentro e intercambio entre las y tesorera, respectivamente. Durante este participaron en la elección de una nueva asociaciones”. Además, se seleccionó a período fundacional, la AMHE delineó una mesa directiva. Dos años más tarde, la México como sede del segundo Congreso agenda, que años posteriores daría forma a estafeta fue recibida por Carlos Marichal, Latinoamericano de Historia Económica. los ejes rectores de su actividad académica y Antonio Ibarra y Luis Anaya, en los cargos En febrero de 2010 se celebró dicho evento gremial. En primer lugar, se planeó el diseño de presidente, secretario y tesorero. El con una participación cercana a los 300 de un portal del Internet que albergara toda segundo Congreso de Historia Económica se ponentes. la información de difusión, actividades, celebró en octubre de 2004, con la proyectos y encuentros académicos que participación de poco más de dos centenas A lo largo de sus poco más de diez años de permitieran integrar a la amplia red de de destacados investigadores de procedencia vida, la AMHE no sólo se ha consolidado investigadores en historia económica del nacional y extranjera. Para este año, el como organización académica a nivel país. Este portal también permitiría número de agremiados se duplicó, sumando nacional, sino que juega un destacado papel estrechar y consolidar relaciones con la poco más de 150 miembros. en el concierto de asociaciones asociaciones hermanas de historia internacionales en la materia, como socia de económica que existían a nivel internacional. la International Economic History
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on the profession
La Asociación Uruguaya de Historia Económica MÁRQUEZ continued… Un carácter fuertemente internacional
por LUIS BÉRTOLA | Universidad de la República, Uruguay | [email protected]
Association y como impulsora de La Asociación Uruguaya de Historia admite una doble lectura. Por un lado, se importantes proyectos como el de la Económica (AUDHE), fundada en trata de un número importante en términos creación de la Asociación de Historia Montevideo en octubre de 1992, es una relativos a la población nacional (equivaldría Económica del Caribe. La AMHE también organización no gubernamental autónoma, a unos 2,000 brasileños). Por otro lado, el ha celebrado múltiples convenios de constituida por personas que cultivan pequeño número bien puede ser suficiente colaboraciones entre diversas instituciones profesionalmente la historia económica. para el estudio de una pequeña economía, entre las que cabe destacar al Archivo pero permite una escasa división del trabajo General de la Nación, la Universidad Tiene por finalidad estimular y promover la y cobertura temática. Nacional Autónoma de México y El Colegio investigación, la enseñanza y las de México. publicaciones sobre temas relacionados con Los miembros de AUDHE provienen de muy la disciplina; estimular el contacto con diversos sectores del quehacer académico, Asimismo, la AMHE ha reconocido el organizaciones profesionales similares en el pero se han concentrado principalmente en trabajo de jóvenes investigadores mediante exterior y la participación de sus integrantes tres núcleos de la Universidad de la los premios Luis Chávez Orozco y Fernando en eventos internacionales; intercambiar República: Rosenzweig, los cuales son otorgados cada información y alentar las relaciones dos años a las mejores Tesis de Licenciatura interdisciplinarias; contribuir a la • Instituto de Ciencias Históricas y Centros y Maestría en Historia Económica. Pero la preservación de todo tipo de fuentes de estudios interdisciplinarios sobre AMHE no sólo se ha interesado por históricas, y en general impulsar aquellas Uruguay (CEIU) y América Latina (CEIL) reconocer a las nuevas generaciones, actividades que concurran al fomento y la en la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias también creó un Consejo de Honor el cual difusión de la historia económica. de la Educación. tiene la misión de reconocer el trabajo de destacados historiadores mexicanos. Al día La iniciativa para la creación de AUDHE fue • Área de historia económica (a cargo de las de hoy este Consejo está conformado por de Raúl Jacob. En 1991, Luis Bértola y Julio cátedras de historia económica del Carlos Sempat Assadourian, Jan Bazant, Millot invitaron a Jacob a constituir el Uruguay e historia económica universal) y Marcello Carmagnani, Enrique Cárdenas, actual Programa de Historia Económica y equipo de Historia Económica del Instituto Mario Cerutti, Francisco Calderón, Enrique Social en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. de Economía, ambos en la Facultad de Florescano, Leonor Ludlow, Carlos Jacob, quien venía de participar del Ciencias Económicas y Administración. Marichal, Guadalupe Nava, Ricardo Torres Congreso Internacional celebrado en Gaytán (†), Enrique Semo y Leopoldo Solís. Lovaina en 1990 y que venía desempeñando • Programa de Historia Económica y Social ■ su actividad en la Facultad de Humanidades de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. En y Ciencias de la Educación, explicó la este ámbito se ha concentrado la necesidad de que se creara, además, una enseñanza de posgrado en historia asociación que reuniera a quienes cultivaban económica en Uruguay, a partir de la la historia económica desde distintas creación de un Diploma de Posgrado de un perspectivas y que permitiera una fluida año en 1994, una Maestría en Historia relación con la comunidad latinoamericana e Económica de dos años a partir de 1998, y internacional. Este último aspecto habría de una opción en Historia Económica del constituir un rasgo particularmente relevante Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales a partir de de la historia de AUDHE. 2005.
Otros siete colegas se sumaron a la A estos grupos orgánicos de investigación y ceremonia fundacional y en poco tiempo docencia se suma el aporte de diversos AUDHE logró nuclear a más de una profesionales que desde variados lugares treintena de miembros. Desde entonces y desarrollan actividades convergentes. En hasta la actualidad, AUDHE ha tenido una particular, cabe señalar el gran empuje de los cantidad de socios que ha oscilado entre los profesores de historia en enseñanza media, 30 y los 50. Este aspecto cuantitativo quienes con suma avidez se acercan a los
6 problemas de la historia económica, Este carácter fuertemente internacional de diferentes formatos, ellas se han constituido realizando importantes aportes de las jornadas de AUDHE fue la principal en un ámbito fructífero para el intercambio investigación y demandando esfuerzos razón para que al momento de estar académico y en un instrumento relevante docentes y de difusión de los resultados organizándose las cuartas jornadas a fines para la maduración de la disciplina. alcanzados. de 2007, y debido a la creciente internacionalización de todos los congresos Este complejo proceso de lenta pero notable Desde sus comienzos AUDHE se preocupó de las demás asociaciones nacionales, acumulación llevó a que AUDHE se lanzara por profundizar los lazos académicos con madurara la idea de organizar un Primer a editar el Boletín de Historia Económica. instituciones similares de la región y el Congreso Latinoamericano de Historia El Boletín procura ser una vía de mundo. De ello da cuenta la fluida relación Económica. Y los colegas argentinos intercambio entre la comunidad de con las Asociaciones de Historia Económica propusieron que ese congreso coincidiera investigadores y entre ésta y un amplio de Argentina y Brasil, así como la con las cuartas jornadas uruguayas. Al público que quiere conocer los avances en la participación como miembro pleno en la Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de disciplina, ya sea a través de artículos breves Asociación Internacional de Historia Historia Económica celebrado en o reseñas bibliográficas. Asimismo, el Económica desde 1994. Montevideo en diciembre de 2007 se le Boletín ha estado siempre abierto a llamó CLADHE-I, porque existía la contribuciones de colegas de otros países Los miembros de AUDHE, desde sus núcleos convicción de que habría un CLADHE-II, que enriquezcan el espacio de diálogo de la académicos de referencia, poseen una como realmente ocurrió en México el disciplina. importante articulación regional e presente año. El CLADHE-I realizó con internacional, tanto en el plano docente total éxito, con el componente organizativo Para el primer número fuimos honrados por como en el de la conformación de redes de local pero organizado conjuntamente por Josep Fontana con la entrega de un artículo investigación. las cuatro asociaciones nacionales existentes redactado especialmente, donde pone a a la fecha (Argentina, Brasil, México y punto reflexiones anteriores sobre la La actividad más importante que ha venido Uruguay) y en el proceso se crearon las disciplina. El Boletín se ha venido desplegando AUDHE es la realización de sus asociaciones de Colombia y Chile, así como publicando regularmente de forma anual y jornadas de historia económica cada cuatro recientemente se constituyó en México la el último año pasó a editarse exclusivamente años. Esta actividad no solamente ha venido del Caribe. en formato digital
7 lasaforum spring 2010 : volume xli : issue 2 debates
Loyalists, Race, and Disunity during the Spanish American Wars of Independence A Grumpy Reading by JORGE I. DOMÍNGUEZ | Harvard University | [email protected]
Simón Bolívar may have gained unusual insight understood as simultaneous and interconnected Junta’s decree asked citizens to gather “in into Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s expression that civil and international wars. In choosing to Trinidad Plaza… The whites would enlist before human beings must sometimes be “forced to be study the process of Spanish American the Church; the blacks to the east, and the free,” as he pondered why the Viceroy in Lima independence, it has been too easy to forget the mulattoes to the south… The slaves would was so successful at first preventing, and later loyalists ready to fight on behalf of the Crown, remain at home at their masters’ command, delaying, the independence of all of Spanish not just in Peru but in many other Spanish- without leaving them except under government South America. In the second decade of the American colonies as well. Indeed, if loyalty orders.”3 Militia battalions of whites and blacks nineteenth century, Peruvian Creoles seemed to had not been such a widespread and powerful would remain segregated, except that the top have found a new mission as the militant center phenomenon, the wars of independence would two officers of the black battalions would be of royalist loyalty in South America.1 not have been such a large-scale event. In the white. Racial salary differentials persisted. viceroyalty of New Spain and the Captaincy- At least half of the troops sent from Lima to General of Caracas—honored in patriotic Compare that to the response of the royalist reconquer Chile under General Mariano Osorio histories for their struggles for independence— leadership in the city of Valencia. Valencia rose in 1818 were Peruvian-born. Peruvians, many loyalists successfully held independence against Caracas and pledged loyalty to the king. including free blacks in the army, who had back without needing to import many Spanish The royalist forces in Valencia abolished slavery subdued revolts in the early years of the South troops.2 and proclaimed the civil equality of all citizens. American wars. Even as Peruvian When the patriot republican armies of General independence approached, most of the fighting Loyalists were a part of the shared experience of Francisco de Miranda attacked Valencia, that on behalf of the independence of Peru was done North and South America during the respective city’s black militiamen were among its main by non-Peruvians. Peruvians accounted for wars of independence. From Lima, Peru, to defenders. only 42 percent of the fighting forces, and 48 Lexington, Massachusetts, the European percent of the casualties, on the independence empires had many supporters. In Spanish The counter-independence strategy of Crown side at the battle of Junín in August 1824; the America, the loyalists won the first rounds of officials fighting Caracas pro-independence rest were from countries to the north and south. the wars of independence, except in the Creoles built upon this racial divide. Royalist To the very end, Peruvian recruits were Viceroyalty of Buenos Aires, though they would officials mobilized Afro-Venezuelans to fight insufficient to replenish the losses of the eventually be defeated almost everywhere. In Creole Caracas independence. As Bolívar put it independence armies. North America, many loyalists fled to rump unsympathetically, “a revolution of blacks, free British North America—Canada. From South and slave, broke out in the eastern coastal A similar picture of Bourbon loyalty is found America and New Spain, many fled to Cuba and valleys, provoked, supplied and supported by among Peruvian elites. Of the fourteen Puerto Rico and helped to ensure that these agents of [Spanish General] Monteverde. These Peruvian Members of Congress who remained would remain Spanish colonies for nearly a full inhuman and vile people, feeding upon the in Lima during the brief Spanish reoccupation additional century, even after the majority of blood and property of the patriots… committed in 1823, eight switched to become royalists. their people may have come to prefer the most horrible assassinations, thefts, assaults, Peru’s first president, José de la Riva Agüero, independence. Cuban Creoles, however, needed and devastation.”4 Alas, royalist officer José would soon thereafter propose to the Viceroy little Spanish help to defend their link to Spain Tomás Boves came to lead thousands of troops, that Peru should become a monarchy under a and defeat feeble pro-independence efforts in of whom fewer than two hundred were Spanish Prince selected by the Spanish King Cuba. Spaniards, while most were Afro-Venezuelans. and, until then, the Viceroy should continue to The war’s racial character deepened. In July rule. A year later, Peru’s second head of The racial order of the Spanish empire also 1814, Bolívar’s armies were defeated, the government defected to the Spanish side during broke down during the second decade of the republic collapsed, and the army of Boves the second Spanish reconquest of Lima. nineteenth century and the interaction between entered Caracas, proclaiming the restoration of the breakdowns of the political and racial orders the empire. As Bolívar put it, still without much As Spanish America in 2010 takes note of the proved explosive. On July 13, 1811, the patriot understanding of what had occurred: “Your moment that came to be known as its Supreme Junta of Caracas called upon citizens brothers, not the Spaniards, have torn the independence two hundred years earlier, it is to defend the new independent republic, but it country apart.”5 important to remember that the wars that tore insisted upon going into battle with a racially apart Spain’s American empire are best segregated army. Articles VII and XVI of the
8 The motivations for loyalty varied a great deal, central valley of Chile, and some other isolated More generally, why did this variation recur in of course, across the expanse of a Spanish spots. The construction of an identity as imperial histories? Other Portuguese colonies America that ranged from Río Negro to the Venezuelans that embraced all Venezuelans, we (Angola, Mozambique) became independent central prairies of North America. Viceregalist now know more clearly, has taken long enough without shattering, emulating Brazil. Limeños as well as the black plainsmen who to explain some of the basis of support today for Francophone Africa and Francophone Indochina followed Boves in their triumphant war against Presidents Hugo Chávez and Evo Morales, broke apart into many of their components. Bolívar and Caracas Creoles responded to among others. British India partitioned but independent India different circumstances, constraints, and did not, even though it seemed vulnerable to opportunities. The key point is, precisely, the A third legacy, related to but distinct from the fissiparous tendencies. The former Soviet enormous variety of reasons why a great many above, is the restoration of a racial order after Union broke up into pieces, albeit peacefully for people in Spanish America across the economic the painful human toll of the wars of the most part. Little regions can split off hierarchies and the color spectrum resisted those independence. By the sesquicentennial of (Uruguay, Panama, Kosovo, Slovakia, who clamored for independence and often Spanish American independence, comparisons Abkhazia); big places may stay together (Brazil; fought with their blood and guts against between race relations in the United States and the United States in the 1780s; Nigeria despite independence. Latin America looked invariably favorable to the Biafran civil war; independent India). the latter. Slavery, some wrote, was not so bad, Distributive and political conflicts gravely and racism not so severe under the Spanish Finally, there is a legacy from the breakdown weakened the newly independent Spanish Crown and successor republics. A collective of the Spanish American empire for the American republics. This helps to explain in amnesia washed over much of the thinking construction of a wider international order. part why the second quarter of the nineteenth about the terrible violence and racism that had For the most part—with apologies especially century was in part a prolonged extension of the characterized so many who so proudly once to Paraguayans and Bolivians—the Audiencia civil and international wars that broke out called themselves patriots, yet defended slavery boundaries of Spain’s South American empire approximately two centuries ago. From or segregation. The process of a restoration of became the boundaries of the independent Argentina through Peru to New Spain, the half Gramscian hegemony in matters of race is one republics, and those boundaries, also for the century from the 1810s to the 1860s was in of the impressive, albeit sad and tragic white most part and with the same apologies, have many ways a disastrous time with long-term elite accomplishments in Spanish America and endured until our time. Uti possidetis juris—the consequences in human suffering, foregone Brazil, unsuccessfully challenged, with some process just described in its international legal economic growth, catastrophic political exceptions, until well into the second half of the formulation—was a Latin American invention instability, and recurrent warfare. Next to twentieth century. in its empirical application, which has independence itself, this is a key legacy of the contributed to the management of post-imperial processes unleashed in 1808 and more fully in A fourth legacy is the challenge of comparative international orders ever since. It was replicated 1810. research. Three empires were battered in the during the processes of decolonization in Africa Americas. The British empire in North America and Asia after World War II and upon the A second legacy was the problem of identity. If split in half—and just in half. The Portuguese breakdown of the Soviet Union. Violation of the national elite lacked a nation, how could it empire in South America became independent the hitherto administrative boundaries of the be built? “How to make patriots out of traitors?” as a single entity, with the newly independent newly independent countries in Spanish asked some who thought unkindly of their Brazilian empire beating back local and regional America, Asia, Africa, or the former Soviet adversaries. How to make citizens out of challenges. Only the Spanish empire Union has been rare, while attempts at the enemies? How to persuade Creole elites to think shattered—why? All too often scholars fail to construction of federations grouping those once- as José Martí—in a master stroke of propaganda examine the counterfactual. Suppose New administrative units did not fare well (Gran that has served Cuban rulers well down to the Spain had retained its territory from Costa Rica Colombia, the United Arab Republic). Spanish present—that there are no blacks and no whites to Texas and California. Suppose Brazil had America’s principal contribution to the but only Cubans? The newly independent states splintered as much as independent New Spain international order upon its independence has took decades to rebuild the capacity of the did. Suppose Colombia or Argentina had been this unacknowledged statecraft. imperial bureaucratic state. The development of fragmented into smaller pieces. schools would await the twentieth century, for the most part, outside of the River Plate, the
9 lasaforum spring 2010 : volume xli : issue 2
debates
Assessing Independence The Economic Consequences DOMÍNGUEZ continued… by LEANDRO PRADOS DE LA ESCOSURA | Universidad Carlos III de Madrid | [email protected]
Endnotes Why did British America and Latin America Why should institutions be taken as entirely develop so differently after independence? external impositions? Initial inequalities of 1 I am grateful to Sebastián Mazzuca for his Failure to achieve sustained and balanced wealth, human capital and political power comments. Errors are mine alone. growth over the nineteenth-century, conditioned, according to Stanley Engerman 2 I first explored these and related themes in according to Stanley and Barbara Stein, and Kenneth Sokoloff, institutional design Insurrection or Loyalty: The Breakdown of resulted from the persistent colonial heritage. and, hence, performance in Spanish America. the Spanish American Empire (Cambridge, The colonial economic background was Large scale estates, built on pre-conquest Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1980). reinforced by local conditions (lack of social organization and extensive supply of political unity, conflict of economic interests, native labor, established the initial levels of 3 Document from Presidencia de la República, highly concentrated income and poverty) inequality. Elites designed institutions Las fuerzas armadas de Venezuela en el siglo XIX: La independencia (1810-1830) (Caracas: and, in particular, by British informal protecting their privileges. Government Arte, 1963), I, 101, 103. imperialism. policies and institutions restricted competition and offered opportunities to 4 Ibid., I, 305. Christopher Platt has argued, in turn, that select groups. This was in sharp contrast independence had very limited impact in with white populations’ predominance, 5 Quoted in Laureano Valenilla Lanz, Cesarismo post-colonial Latin America, and only after evenly distributed wealth and high democrático (Caracas: Tipografía Garrido, 1860 was the lagged effect of independence endowment of human capital per head in 1961), 19. ■ noticeable. The break with Spain, far from British North America. confirming the integration of Latin America as a dependent partner in the world John Coatsworth and Gabriel Tortella reject economy, “reintroduced an unwelcome half the connections between Iberian institutions century of ‘independence’ from foreign trade transferred to America and the initial and finance.” Nineteenth century Latin unequal distribution of income and wealth, America was, hence, “shaped by domestic stressing that the caste system deliberately circumstances,” and economic growth was weakened the grip of local elites on the constrained by lack of human and physical indigenous population and limited the capital, shortage of industrial fuels, and growth of wealth inequality by recognizing small markets. indigenous property rights and guaranteeing indigenous population access to land. The differences between British North American and Iberian American colonies, Factor endowments do not provide, and their long-run effects on growth, also according to North, Summerhill and have been stressed by the new institutional Weingast, sufficient explanation of post- economic historians; their radically different independence behavior. They stress the evolution reflected the imposition of distinct sharp institutional contrast between the metropolitan institutions on each colony. independent United States (a constitution Douglass North’s main proposition is that and well-specified economic and political different initial conditions, in particular the rights) and post-colonial Latin America (civil religious and political diversity in the English and international warfare). In their view, the colonies as opposed to uniform religion and absence of institutional arrangements bureaucratic administration of the existing capable of establishing cooperation between agricultural society in the Spanish colonies rival groups led to destructive conflict that are behind differences in performance over diverted capital and labor from production time. and consigned the new republics to poor performance relative to the United States.
10 The literature surveyed so far uses the agriculture; low levels of social and human institutions”? In the case of the viceroyalties United States as the yardstick to measure capital; poor contract enforcement; and of Mexico and Peru, the exploitation of Latin American achievements over the weak governments yielding to interest silver deposits centered economic activity on nineteenth century. The income gap between groups. At the time of independence, Latin those locations where the deposits were colonial British and Latin America widened American republics had levels of income found and conditioned population in the half century after independence. The more similar to most countries in Asia and settlement, the location of urban centers, and United States doubled Latin American in Africa than to the United States. Perhaps, fiscal policies. product per head in 1820 and more than then, a more appropriate approach is to trebled it by 1870. Is this approach compare the post-colonial economic There are interesting connections between adequate to unravel the causes of Latin performance of Latin America to those of Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson’s America’s poor performance? Focusing on other parts of the periphery (Asia and interpretation of different colonial patterns the contrast with North America inevitably Africa) during the late twentieth century. and Stanley and Barbara Stein’s leads to a negative assessment of Latin counterfactual “had the Englishmen found a America’s economic and political behavior Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson stress the dense and highly organized Amerindian both before and after independence. In fact, differential impact of colonialism. They population, the history of what is called the per capita income divergence between rich contrast societies in which colonialism led to United States would record the development and poor countries is the dominant feature the establishment of “institutions of private of a stratified, bi-racial, very different of the nineteenth century. Moreover, the property,” allowing a broad sector of the society.” The Steins contend that “the comparison conflates the initial conditions in society to receive returns on their existence of a huge, under-populated virgin the new republics with their post- investments, with those in which colonialism land of extraordinary resource endowment independence performance. And, even more imposed “extractive institutions,” under directly facing Europe and enjoying a crucially, it diverts attention from the real which most of the population risked climate comparable to that of Europe issue: the extent to which Latin America expropriation at the hands of the ruling elite represented a potentiality for development under-performed in terms of its own or the government. The former, they argue, that existed nowhere else in the New potential. That the new republics fell behind prospered relative to the latter. European World.” the United States or northwestern European colonialism led paradoxically to the nations does not necessarily imply that development of relatively better institutions Both distinctive institutional and development opportunities were missed. in previously poor areas, while introducing geographical features suggest significantly Differences in geography, public policies and extractive institutions or reinforcing bad different outcomes for British North political institutions all mattered in shaping institutions in previously prosperous places. America and Latin America before and after Latin American countries’ long-run The reason is that poor areas were less independence. On these dimensions Latin economic performance. On the basis of densely populated, enabling Europeans to America is more comparable with Asia and predictable large differences in human (and settle in large numbers and to develop their Africa. Conditions were more similar physical) capital to labor ratios it could be own institutions that encouraged investment between most Latin American countries and hypothesized that different steady states and growth. Conversely, where abundant the European colonies in Asia and Africa probably prevailed in British and Latin populations showed relative affluence, the than between Latin America and British America. Europeans established “extractive North America, with the exception of the institutions” (forced labor and tributes, often similarities between Latin America’s A substantial number of Asian, African and existing already in the pre-colonial era, over Southern Cone and Australia and New Eastern European countries shared, at the the locals) with political power concentrated Zealand. It could be added that in empty time of their independence, some of the in the hands of an elite. This represented the lands more efficient institutional settings initial conditions of the new Latin American most efficient choice for the European went hand by hand with better factor republics: demographic patterns (a delayed colonizers, despite its negative effects on endowment (higher human capital/labor and demographic transition and persistent high long-term growth. physical capital/labor ratios). fertility until late in the twentieth-century); low population density (except in Asia); a Were Spanish Mesoamerica and the Andes The similarities between Latin America and high share of adult population employed in examples of colonial “extractive other colonial experiences suggest that the
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PRADOS continued…
subsequent performance should be A more illuminating picture for the Blaming the inheritance of Spanish Ancien comparable. We can see this by contrasting nineteenth century derives from a country- Régime institutions in Latin America as assessments of post-independence by-country analysis. The scant estimates opposed to non-absolutist (post-1688) performance as well as GDP levels and available suggest that over 1820-70, while institutions in British America does not seem growth rates in Sub-Saharan African and the the relative position of Mexico and Brazil to to be a solid explanation for the differing Latin American countries. The striking the United States halved, Argentina, economic performance of the two regions, degree of coincidence between the rather Colombia, Cuba, and Venezuela experienced especially if the scope is widened to include different appraisals by present-day only moderate relative declines, while Chile the post-independence performance of development economists, in the case of Sub- and Uruguay kept their positions mainly British (and French) former colonies in Saharan Africa, and those by economic unchanged. Africa and Asia. British North America historians, in the case of Latin America, appears as an exceptional example of success suggest that post-independence Africa (and, The assessment of Latin American that cannot be used as a yardstick to presumably, Asia) is a more appropriate performance has been carried out, so far, measure Latin American success. benchmark of comparison for Latin America using the United States as the relevant than the U.S. exception. Nonetheless, the benchmark. The fact that, over the [The arguments here summarize those different timing of independence in Latin nineteenth century, most countries, including presented in my previous work: “Lost America (prior to the first wave of those of Western Europe, fell behind when Decades? Economic Performance in Post- globalization) and in Africa and Asia (during measured by U.S. standards renders that Independence Latin America,” Journal of the first stages of the second globalization) yardstick questionable. Latin American Studies 41, 2 (2009), pp. surely had a distinctive impact on economic 279-307, and “The Economic Consequences growth. If Latin America’s performance is compared of Independence,” in V. Bulmer-Thomas, J. to that of other regions, the picture changes Coatsworth and R. Cortés Conde, eds., The How do Latin American countries compare dramatically. During the half century after Cambridge Economic History of Latin to other countries, especially to former independence (1820-70), the decline relative America, New York, Cambridge University European colonies in Asia and Africa? Did to the United States for the Latin American Press (2006), I, pp. 463-504.] ■ Latin America fall behind before 1870? countries for which some information exists is deeper than in the case of Western Europe, Comparing Latin America to the United but similar to that of the European periphery States, three distinctive phases appear: a and Russia, and much milder than in Africa sharp decline up to 1870, followed by a soft and Asia. So even though her position deterioration up to 1913 and relative worsened to the U.S. and Western Europe, it stability up to 1973, opening another period remained unaltered in comparison to of significant decline reaching up to the Eastern Europe and improved to the rest of present. Thus, in the binary comparison today’s Third World. with the United States, only the pre-1870 and the post-1973 periods can be deemed The fact that Latin America’s position responsible for today’s Latin American relative to the United States during the retardation. However, these results are Golden Age was unaltered is at odds with largely conditioned by crude guesstimates the catching-up experience in large areas of for Brazil’s and Mexico’s performance. If the periphery (Southern and Eastern Europe, these two countries are excluded, the picture Southeast Asia) where the gap with the changes and the relative position of Latin United States in terms of income per head America remains unaltered over 1820-1913 was significantly reduced and, again, Latin to decline thereafter, especially after 1973. It America underperformed relative to Asia appears, therefore, that in our state of after 1973. knowledge no definitive conclusion can be reached.
12 on lasa2010
Report from the LASA2010 Program Chairs by JAVIER CORRALES, Co-Chair | Amherst College | [email protected] and NINA GERASSI-NAVARRO, Co-Chair | Tufts University | [email protected]
The Toronto Congress will feature three that accepted participants have diverse attendance levels, but the allotted time has not innovations. Here is a brief description of backgrounds. allowed for coverage of the many and diverse each. issues of relevance. This year, the time allotted For LASA2010, the following pre-Congress for this event will be extended to three hours, workshops will be offered: and Professor Oxhorn will invite editors from Grant-writing Session more journals and publishing outlets to ensure 1) Democracy, Economic Growth, and that more fields and writing venues are covered. The first innovation is a special session on Equity after the Crisis. Evelyne Huber, More information can be found at
13 lasaforum spring 2010 : volume xli : issue 2 on lasa2010
Welcome to T.O.! by TOMMIE SUE MONTGOMERY | Newcastle, Ontario | [email protected]
T.O.—as Toronto, Ontario is known in find a PATH map among the goodies you significant collection of Pre-Columbian these parts—offers friendly people, great receive when you arrive. Or check it out at ceramics that is well worth an hour’s visit. restaurants, many cultural activities, cutting-
14 Latin Americans comprise 2.6 percent of this Toronto’s population of 2.48 million (over 5 million in number. This wonderful mix means that you will find identifiable ethnic neighbourhoods and restaurants to match. the Greater Toronto Area-GTA) is home to more than The best way to enjoy all of them is to walk around, take in the sights, sounds, and 90 ethnic groups who speak over 140 languages and aromas, then choose a restaurant whose menu appeals. dialects; over 30 percent speak a language other than
With the largest Chinese population of any English or French at home. North American city, Toronto has several “Chinatowns,” the original and closest of which lies on and around Spadina Avenue, nine blocks west of University Avenue and Tower (on the PATH-south) offer Arctic Many other Latin American restaurants are the Congress hotels. Char, PEI mussels, bison tenderloin, Ontario accessible by public transit. El Fogon is a lamb, lake duck, Quebec foie gras, and roast Peruvian restaurant at 543 St. Clair West, 2 Little Italy lies west of Chinatown. Take the hind of Yukon caribou. Bb33 Bistro, at 33 blocks west of Bathurst. Take the University University or Yonge subway to Queen’s Park Gerrard West, just off Yonge, has Nova subway to St. Clair West and walk west 5 or College, respectively. Hop on a Scotia salmon, PEI mussels, Alberta beef blocks. Ba-Ba-Luu’s is an upscale restaurant westbound streetcar and hop off at Bathurst, burgers, and Quebec goat cheese and (paella for 2 is $50) and salsa club at 136 the next major north-south street after cranberry crusted salmon. Yorkville Ave., 2 blocks north of Bloor West. Spadina. This area starts jumping after 8:00 Cha-Cha-Cha at 11 Duncan St. in the and it’s not all Italian. For Latin music and theatre district, 2 blocks west of University dancing (as well as a campy drag show every Latin American Restaurants and Clubs between King and Pearl, features “new weekend) check out El Convento Rico at Miami cuisine.” Café Havana, 236 Adelaide 750 College Street. The most well known of the Latino venues is St. West, is an easy walk, just one block the Lula Lounge, http://www.lulalounge.ca/, south of the Hilton and 2 blocks west of There are several “Little Indias,” the closest live music and visiting bands. Located at University. of which is accessible by the Gerrard street 1585 Dundas Street West, take the Dundas car, and includes Pakistani, Bangladeshi and Street streetcar to Sheridan and walking Afghan restaurants and stores. Take the west a half block. On the way you will pass Other Locales Yonge subway to College Street, jump on the Brazil Bakery and Pastry. Lula’s offers a street car No. 506 and head east for about rich variety of Latin music from Salsa to The harbour front, Queen’s Quay 15 minutes. You will know you’ve arrived Samba. (pronounced “key”) offers a welcome when you begin seeing stores with colourful change from the downtown canyons; walk saris in the windows. Looking for Mexican? Check out Burrito into Union Station and look for the streetcar Boyz at 120 Peter St., one block east of signs. Wind through a passageway to reach Want Greek? Greek Town on “The Spadina between King and Queen; Rancho the tracks. Get off at any stop on Queen’s Danforth” is one of the most vibrant ethnic Relaxo at 300 College Street, one block west Quay and walk south to the boardwalk areas in the city with restaurants to match. of Spadina; Milagro Restaurant and Cantina along Toronto Harbour. You will find a Take the Yonge-University subway to the at 5 Mercer Street, 2 blocks east of Spadina variety of eateries in the area. Bloor-Danforth line, head east, and get off at and a half-block south of King; just off of Chester, Pape or Donlands subway stations. John St; and Jalapeño’s Mexican Cuisine at Toronto’s most vibrant Gay area runs south
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calling all members Elections 2010
MONTGOMERY continued… Nominating Committee Slate
Woody’s on Church, established in 1989, The LASA Nominating Committee presents The Candidates and featured in the U.S. version of “Queer as the following slate of candidates for vice Folk.” Another trendy pub is The Hair of president and members of the Executive Jeremy Adelman was educated at the the Dog at 425 Church. Council (EC). The winning candidate for University of Toronto, the London School of vice president will serve in that capacity Economics, and Oxford University, where he Front Street (which 200 years ago was the from November 1, 2010 to April 30, 2012 received his DPhil in 1989. He has taught at lake front) between Union Station and Jarvis and as president from May 1, 2012 to the University of Essex (UK) and the has a large number and variety of October 31, 2013. The three winning Instituto Torcuato di Tella (Argentina); restaurants. One of the best is Le Papillon candidates for EC membership and the currently he is the Walter Samuel Carpenter French Restaurant at 69 Front St., whose winning candidate for Treasurer will serve a III Professor of Spanish Civilization and the dinner and dessert crepes are outstanding. three-year term from November 1, 2010 to Director of the Council for International October 31, 2013. Teaching and Research at Princeton The Distillery District is southeast of University. His research seeks to place Latin downtown, where converted distilleries now Nominees for Vice President American history into broad comparative house restaurants, shops and the Soulpepper and connected global contexts, from the Jeremy Adelman Theatre. It is most easily accessed by taxi. study of colonialism to challenges of Princeton University contemporary globalization. Beginning with For Canadian fast food nothing beats Tim Evelyne Huber Frontier Development: Land, Labour, and Horton’s. You will find several in the PATH University of North Carolina Capital on the Wheatlands of Argentina and and every couple blocks downtown. Canada, 1890-1914 (Oxford University Timmy’s has excellent coffee, a variety of Nominees for Treasurer Press, 1994), Republic of Capital: Buenos teas (you have to ask or you’ll get black tea), Aires and the Legal Transformation of the great donuts (forget Dunkin’ or Krispy), Cristina Eguizabal Atlantic World (Stanford University Press, bagels, soups, chilli, and cold sandwiches Florida International University 1999) and most recently Sovereignty and made to order. No hamburgers or French Steven Volk Revolution in the Iberian Atlantic (Princeton fries here. If you want to be mistaken for a Oberlin College University Press, 2006), his books draw Canadian, ask for a “double-double.” That’s upon analytical insights of social scientists a medium coffee with 2 sugars and 2 Nominees for Executive Council while remaining attentive to the nuances and creams—and the term is in the Canadian contingencies of historical narratives. While dictionary! Manuel Alcántara committed to archival research for books Universidad de Salamanca and essays destined for specialized scholars, Finally, a word about our money: the Carlos Alonso he has also sought to write for broader Canadian dollar is commonly referred to as Columbia University audiences, including the much-assailed the “Loonie.” Not because we’re crazy. It’s entry-level student; Worlds Together, Worlds because the gold-coloured dollar coin has a Rosalva Aída Hernández Castillo Apart: A History of Humankind from its loon on the flip side. Queen Elizabeth II Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Origins to the Present (WW Norton, 2008) graces all our coins. Which makes our $2.00 Superiores en Antropología Socialv is a co-authored textbook that (among other coin…what else? A “Toonie”! Welcome to Gioconda Herrera things) seeks to place Latin American ■ Canada! FLACSO / Ecuador developments in a global setting and make them accessible for the uninitiated college Jeffrey Lesser student. Jeremy Adelman’s recent awards Emory University include a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation scholarship and a Maxine Molyneux Frederick Burkhardt Fellowship, American University of London Council of Learned Societies. He is currently working on an intellectual biography of Albert O. Hirschman.
16 Adelman Statement more so as financial and cultural shifts pose Book Award 1991-92 from the American It is an honor to be considered as a some basic questions about what is Latin Sociological Association (Political Sociology candidate for the vice presidency of LASA, American about Latin America. Finally, Section); co-author of Development and an organization I have belonged to from the while a bit unglamorous, it is nonetheless Crisis of the Welfare State (with John D. time I was a graduate student; indeed it was true that moving forward requires an Stephens, 2001; Best Book Award 2001 from my first professional affiliation. What has effective working partnership with the the American Political Science Association, made the organization so great is the work LASA staff and other elected officers. I (Political Economy Section); co-editor of of its leaders and the energies of its hope to bring my experience within the States Versus Markets in the World System members over many years’a unique organization, as well as that of department (with Peter Evans and Dietrich partnership that belies the classic aphorism chair (and of two separate departments) and Rueschemeyer, 1985); co-editor of Agrarian of Robert Michels about the ineluctable university administrator, to the table in the Structure and Political Power in Latin “iron law of oligarchy.” It is distinguished effort to make decisions fairly, transparently, America (with Frank Safford, 1995); and for its vitality by being committed to and responsibly. editor of Models of Capitalism: Lessons for supporting as much as possible the open Latin America (2002). She has also flow of academic influences and exchanges contributed articles to, among others, World back and forth between Latin America and Evelyne Huber is Morehead Alumni Politics, Latin American Research Review, North America, and has made major strides Professor of Political Science and Chair of Latin American Politics and Society, in being open to scholars from Europe, Asia, the Department of Political Science at the Comparative Politics, Politics and Society, and beyond. This is the organization’s core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Comparative Political Studies, The Journal and it must remain a strong one through She studied at the University of Zurich and of Politics, Studies in Comparative changing financial circumstances and the received both her M.A. (1973) and Ph.D. International Development, Comparative pressures on border-crossing. Its (1977) from Yale University. Her interests Social Research, Political Power and Social publications and its meetings — the media are in comparative politics and political Theory, Social Politics, Revue Française des by which we exchange our views and economy, particularly in the conditions that Affaires Sociales, American Journal of findings — need to remain open and global. promote democratization and in the effects Sociology, American Sociological Review, As a past member of the Executive Council, of democracy and political parties on social and Economic Perspectives. She received the I have a sense of the complex factors that go and economic policies, and on poverty and Distinguished Teaching Award for Post- into the decisions about where Congresses inequality. She came to the University of Baccalaureate Instruction from the are held and how to make them inclusive North Carolina in Chapel Hill in 1992, from University of North Carolina in 2004, and a and intellectually rewarding, and I have seen Northwestern University. While at fellowship from the John Simon some skilled LASA leaders rise to the Northwestern University she co-founded the Guggenheim Foundation in 2010. She has challenges. Budget cuts that confront us all Latin American Studies Program with the been a Fellow at the Institute for Advanced threaten the mobility of the organization’s Historian Frank Safford. At UNC, she Study in Princeton, the Hanse- membership; it will be vital to keep or served as Director of the Institute of Latin Wissenschaftskolleg in Delmenhorst, enhance the access to travel support to American Studies and as Chair of the Germany, the Swedish Collegium for meetings, including support for targeted Curriculum in Latin American Studies, and Advanced Study in the Social Sciences in workshops between the big conferences. as Co-director of the Carolina–Duke Uppsala, the Collegio Carlo Alberto in Turin, When necessary, it will be important for the Consortium in Latin American Studies from Italy, the Kellogg Institute at the University organization’s leadership to defend publicly 1994 to 1998, and again from 2000 to of Notre Dame, and the Woodrow Wilson the principles of openness against those that 2003. She is the author of The Politics of Center for International Scholars at the would restrict it. At the same time, area Workers’ Participation: The Peruvian Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. studies and area-based research have been Approach in Comparative Perspective She has been active in both LASA and the important for academic disciplines while (1980); co-author of Democratic Socialism American Political Science Association; in movements in the disciplines have brought in Jamaica (with John D. Stephens, 1986); the latter as President of the Comparative new life to Latin American studies; I am co-author of Capitalist Development and Politics Section 2001-2003, Member of the committed to sustaining the dialogues Democracy (with Dietrich Rueschemeyer Nominating Committee 2001- 2002, and across what has often been a divide, all the and John D. Stephens, 1992; Outstanding Member of the Taskforce on Difference and
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Inequality in the Third World 2004-06. for debate about the quality and the thus the decision to hold the Congresses In LASA, she served as chair of the meaning of the information. The scholarly outside the United States as long as the U.S. Nominations Committee in 1994-95, as a exchanges at the Congresses allow for the government blocks our Cuban colleagues Track Chair for the 1998 Congress, and as emergence and dissemination of new ideas, from attending them. I also support LASA’s Program Chair for the 2009 Congress in and for an assessment of the continued continued engagement for lifting the travel Rio. She also served on the Joint Committee relevance of older ideas and theories. The restrictions on U.S. scholars and ensuring a on Latin America and the renamed Regional LASA Sections also make vital contributions free flow of scholarly communication. Advisory Panel on Latin America of the to the intellectual connections among Finally a note on the approach I would take Social Science Research Council and the members of the Association through their towards leading LASA. Leadership in an American Council of Learned Societies from ongoing activities. Given the importance of academic organization requires a balancing 1995 to 2001. the Congresses, one of my priorities would act between delegation and inclusiveness on be to continue the pioneering efforts made the one hand and acceptance of Huber Statement by previous presidents of LASA and the responsibility and efficiency on the other I am strongly committed to advancing committees they appointed to raise funds for hand. I try hard to strike the right balance; knowledge and understanding of Latin the LASA endowment and for Congress where I fail in finding it, I mostly do so by America through interdisciplinary and travel. It remains a reality that many emphasizing inclusiveness. I always try to disciplinary research, teaching, and work in colleagues from both South and North, learn from others, which means consultation professional organizations. LASA has a particularly younger scholars, are able to with predecessors, elected EC members, and proud history of playing a pivotal role in attend the Congresses only if they receive staff. Many people have served LASA with advancing these endeavors, and it would financial support. And it remains essential great enthusiasm, dedication, and indeed be a privilege to lead the Association that all voices be heard and able to make distinction; their legacy is what I would in supporting further progress in these areas. their contributions to our collective want to build on and their energies what I What makes LASA special is its truly knowledge and understanding. I would also would want to harness to continue in international character. We have members reinvigorate efforts to secure financial strengthening our collective knowledge and from all over the hemisphere and the world support for international collaborative understanding of Latin America. beyond, united by their desire to understand efforts on new themes at the cutting edge of better the historical development and present disciplinary and interdisciplinary research. I day social, economic, political, and cultural believe that only interdisciplinary Cristina Eguizábal is the director of the realities of Latin America. A better approaches can yield answers to the complex Latin American and Caribbean Center and understanding of these realities on the part questions raised by the world we live in, but Professor of International Relations at of scholars, policy-makers, and the public at I am equally convinced that a strong Florida International University. Before large in turn is an essential precondition for disciplinary grounding is highly joining FIU she served as a program officer formulating national and transnational advantageous for fruitful interdisciplinary at the Ford Foundation working on Peace solutions to the many problems faced by the research that will command respect in and Social Justice first in New York and later countries of the region. Since LASA is based academic and policy-making circles. I at the Foundation’s Mexico City office. Her in the United States, the Association and its further believe that international portfolio included programs on U.S.-Latin members have a particular responsibility to collaboration is indispensable to address the American relations and Latin American improve understanding of Latin America complex theoretical and empirical problems international relations and foreign policy. among U.S. policy makers in order to in contemporary cultures, societies, polities, She also managed the Ford Foundation’s support more informed policy-making and economies. The many edited volumes Cuba-related work. She has held research towards the region. The LASA Congresses resulting from research projects supported and teaching positions at the University of are a central venue for the face-to-face by the Social Science Research Council are Costa Rica, University of Bordeaux, exchange of ideas and information. Even in testimony to the success of such University of Miami, and the Latin American the information age, with an abundance of collaboration. With regards to the major Faculty of Social Sciences (FLACSO) and has information available at the click of a issues that have faced the Association in the served as advisor to the United Nations mouse, there is no substitute for such direct recent past, I strongly support LASA’s Development Program (UNDP), the scholarly interaction with the opportunity principled stand on academic freedom, and Confederacy of Central American
18 Universities (CSUCA), the Central American making sure independent audits are Liberties Committee, and the Border Studies Institute for Public Administration (ICAP), conducted regularly. As a member of the Program of the Great Lakes College the Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Executive Council I will work in fulfilling Association, among others. He was elected Progress and the United Nations University. LASA’s mission to continue to be the most seven times to Oberlin’s College Faculty She was President of the Costa Rican important scholarly organization worldwide Council and has chaired its General Faculty Political Science Association (1988-89). Her for those interested in better understanding Planning Committee. media work includes op-ed columnist for the Latin America and the Caribbean and their daily La República (1994-96) and people. Volk Statement international news commentator on Costa I have been a member of LASA since its Rican public TV Channel 13. In Miami, she earliest days, while still a graduate student. is regularly invited as commentator on Steven Volk (Brandeis University, BA 1968; Truth be told, my earliest encounters with Oppenheimer Presenta. She serves on the Columbia University, PhD, 1983) is the organization were likely more boards of the Washington Office on Latin Professor of History at Oberlin College provocative than constructive, but I have America (WOLA), Hispanics in Philanthropy where he has taught since 1986. He has grown not just increasingly fond of LASA (HIP), and Fundación Amistad and is a published on the formation of the Chilean over the years, but honestly proud to be a member of the Latin American Security state in the 19th century, and on U.S. member. I belong to my disciplinary Network (RESDAL), the Mexican Council relations with Chile in the 20th. His association because I have to; I belong to on Foreign Relations (COMEXI) and the publications also include studies of U.S. LASA because I want to. For me, LASA has Editorial Board of Foreign Affairs policy toward Latin America, Frida Kahlo become a model of what a well-run Latinoamérica. Professor Eguizábal holds a and Mexican nationalism, and gender and professional organization should be. It Ph.D. in Latin American Studies from the violence in Ciudad Juárez. He is currently serves to encourage and facilitate critical University of Paris-Sorbonne-Nouvelle and finishing a monograph on U.S. historical discussion among its members and with a has written extensively on Central American memory and the overthrow of the Chile’s wider public whose interests are drawn to Security issues and Latin American Foreign Popular Unity government. Volk has chaired Latin America. To do this effectively, LASA Policies. the History Department and Latin American has had to transform itself from an Studies at Oberlin College and is the organization of Latin Americanists in the Eguizábal Statement Director of Oberlin’s Center for Teaching United States, to one in which the I believe in transparency, accountability and Innovation and Excellence. He has directed participation, insight, and engagement of teamwork. As LASA Treasurer I will work two NEH summer seminars, and has colleagues from Latin America and the closely with LASA’s investment committee to received two Fulbright fellowships. He co- Caribbean is an essential reality. Our last make sure that the Association’s assets are authored grants to the Mellon, Hewlett, Congress in Rio was a high point in that invested wisely continuing the tradition of Ford, and Pew Foundations while at process. It has also meant increasing the prudent fiscal management that has Oberlin. In 2003, Volk received the Nancy organization’s ability to represent and characterized it. If elected,in strengthening Lyman Roelker Mentorship Award from the advocate for the interests and perspectives of the association’s financial procedures and American Historical Association, and its members as LASA works to influence systems I will help establish strong lines of various teaching awards at Oberlin College public debate and policy on issues of communication between the Investment and and in the state of Ohio. In 2001 he was importance to scholars and teachers in Latin Fundraising committees. I will work closely presented with an award of official America and the Caribbean and academic with LASA’s Executive director and staff to recognition from the Government of Chile Latin Americanists in the United States. I make sure the Association fulfills its for “Working to Restore Democracy in have long respected the organization’s fiduciary responsibilities. I will also assist in Chile.” He has taught at New York decision to speak out on issues of concern to preparing understandable financial reports University, was a visiting lecturer and guest its members, and have come to appreciate that are presented to the Executive Council, fellow at Yale, and was Research Director at the skill by which its leadership has used its members and general public on a timely the North American Congress on Latin critical voice to that end. LASA will basis. I will work closely with the Executive America (NACLA) for 13 years. He chaired continue to grow as it engages Latin Council, making sure it exerts proper budget its board for many years, and has served on Americanists in dialog about the future not oversight and. with LASA’s president in the boards of the National Emergency Civil just of the region, but of our planet, on a
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variety of levels. As a multi- and inter- Manuel Alcántara Sáez obtuvo su doctorado profesor en diversas Universidades disciplinary organization, LASA has played en 1984 en la Universidad Complutense de latinoamericanas de Argentina, Colombia, an important role in providing a forum in Madrid donde fue profesor de Ciencia Costa Rica, Chile, Guatemala, México, which scholars can explore and question Política entre 1980 y 1993. Desde ese año es Nicaragua, Perú, República Dominicana y some of the less useful strictures of single profesor en la Universidad de Salamanca. Venezuela, así como de la Universidad de disciplinary approaches even as it En dicha Universidad ha sido director del Georgetown de Washington y del Institute investigates the future of its own regional Instituto de Iberoamérica entre 1994 y 2007 de Science Politique de Lille y Paris. orientation. Finally, LASA has an important y Vicerrector de Relaciones Internacionales Igualmente ha realizado estancias role to play not only in the promotion of entre 2007 y 2009. prolongadas como investigador en las scholarship about Latin America and the Universidades de Carolina del Norte y de Caribbean, but in the development of new En 1990 fundó la revista América Latina Notre Dame en Estados Unidos. Asiste pedagogies by which students can more hoy que se edita en la actualidad en regularmente a los Congresos de LASA actively learn about the region. As Salamanca. En esta ciudad ha organizado desde 1990 y ha llegado a tener technology enables teachers to link students diferentes Congresos Internacionales como responsabilidades en el Task Force on in San Francisco, Santiago, and Salvador on el Europeo de Latinoamericanistas y el I Scholarly Relations with Spain a daily basis, LASA needs to help foster the Congreso Latinoamericano de Ciencia conjuntamente con Federico Gil entre 1991 remarkable opportunities that are emerging Política, así como varias ediciones del y 1994. on a pedagogical level. These developments Encuentro de latinoamericanistas españoles. require LASA to strengthen its financial base Ha sido el primer Secretario General de la Alcántara Statement and carefully marshal its funds. The Asociación Latinoamericana de Ciencia Mi principal interés con respecto a las tareas important process of increasing the Política entre 2002 y 2008. En 2008 la a realizar desde el comité ejecutivo de LASA participation of scholars outside the United Universidad Nacional de San Martín le estriba en la incorporación de las personas States, for example, continues to pose otorgó un doctorado honoris causa y en que estudian América Latina desde Europa. serious financial challenges for the enero de 2010 el Gobierno de Chile le La Universidad de Salamanca me ha organization. It is the responsibility of the confirió la medalla de la orden Bernardo brindado en los último años una excelente Treasurer to ensure that LASA’s finances O´Higgins. Es miembro de varios consejos atalaya para relacionarme ampliamente con remain on a sound footing, a task that is editoriales de revistas de ciencia política este sector que estimo debe estar más even more daunting in the midst of this publicadas en América Latina. También es presente en LASA. Las distintas acciones Great Recession. As a social and cultural miembro del AmericasBarometer que he llevada a cabo en Europa en torno al historian, my academic training in not in International Advisory Board,Latin Consejo Europeo de Investigaciones sobre finance, but I have had extensive experience American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) América Latina (CEISAL), del que la running the budgets of many organizations de la Universidad de Vanderbilt (Nashville). Universidad de Salamanca es una parte and projects. Beyond that, as chair of Es autor de los libros Sistemas políticos de relevante de su Comisión Ejecutiva, así como numerous boards and committees, and América Latina, Gobernabilidad, crisis y los estrechos lazos con Universidades director of many organizations, I feel cambio y de ¿Instituciones o máquinas francesas, inglesas, portuguesas, alemanas y confident in my ability to organize ideológicas? Origen, programa y noruegas facilitan este empeño. Por otra discussions efficiently, and ensure that organización de los partidos políticos parte debo subrayar el interés suplementario important questions are asked and answered, latinoamericanos, así como de un centenar que supone mi trabajo investigador y and decisions are reached in the most de artículos y de capítulos de libros docente en el ámbito de la política productive and informed way possible. fundamentalmente sobre política comparada latinoamericana comparada, con especial latinoamericana con énfasis en cuestiones énfasis en el terreno de las instituciones relativas a la democracia representativa y a representativas y del papel desempeñado por las élites políticas. Es igualmente editor o la clase política. En este sentido aspiro a coeditor de una veintena de libros entre los canalizar las propuestas de los y las más que destacan Politics and Politicians y con jóvenes promesas en dicho ámbito, así como Flavia Freidenberg Partidos Políticos de promover la apertura al personal América Latina (3 volúmenes). Ha sido investigador de países que tienen una
20 presencia menor en los Congresos de LASA. study of literature, whereas the second y educativa. Sus áreas de especialización son Por último debo señalar que un reto muy addressed the literary text as an organic la antropología política y jurídica, los importante de mi gestión sería promover la object and thought literary history possessed estudios de género, los estudios posibilidad de organizar un Congreso de an internally coherent order of its own. Our poscoloniales y las metodologías co- LASA, o alguna actividad de alto nivel discipline’s movement from literature to participativas. Actualmente desarrolla una patrocinada por LASA, en Salamanca, cultural studies in the last twenty years has investigación sobre el racismo institucional consiguiendo que la Asociación diera “el rendered that stale dichotomy moot, en la justicia penal mexicana trabajando con salto” oceánico. inasmuch as a fruitful understanding of mujeres indígenas presas. Aparte de dar cultural studies requires a decidedly clases en los programas de maestría y interdisciplinary perspective. This is why doctorado del CIESAS, en donde es Carlos J. Alonso is the Morris A. and Alma currently the best presentations on Latin profesora de tiempo completo, ha sido Schapiro Professor in the Humanities and American literary and cultural topics at profesora invitada en la Universidad de Chair of the Department of Spanish and MLA meetings are similar to those that you Stanford, Universidad de John Hopkins, Portuguese at Columbia University. He would hear in a typical LASA convention Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, en la specializes in 19th- and 20th-century Latin program. I believe that LASA and MLA Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, en la American intellectual history and cultural should work to establish the sort of ties that Universidad de Deusto en el país Vasco, en production, and in modern literary and characterize the latter association’s FLACSO-Guatemala, en el Colegio de cultural theory. He is the author of relationships with other area/regional- Michoacán, en el Instituto de Liderazgo Modernity and Autochthony: The Spanish studies professional organizations, since Simone de Beauvoir y en la Universidad American Regional Novel (Cambridge UP), their objects of study and the kinds of Autónoma de Morelos. Es autora de The Burden of Modernity: The Rhetoric of questions asked of them by their respective Histories and Stories from Chiapas: Border Cultural Discourse in Spanish America scholarly members are evidently converging. Identities in Southern Mexico (UT Press (Oxford UP), and editor of Julio Cortázar: Similarly — and from a larger institutional 2001) publicado en español como La Otra New Readings (Cambridge UP). He has also framework — LASA’s international outlook Frontera: Identidades Múltiples en el written numerous articles on Spanish and reach have long provided a salutary Chiapas Postcolonial (Porrúa 2001 Premio American literature and culture. He was corrective to the insularity of the U.S. Fray Bernardino de Sahagún) y editora de Editor of PMLA, the scholarly journal of the academic world. I am eager and willing to Descolonizando el Feminismo. Teorías y Modern Language Association, during 2000- work toward the fulfillment of both of these Prácticas desde los Márgenes (Cátedra 03, and edited the Hispanic Review in 2003- worthwhile goals. 2009), Etnografías e Historias de 05 — a period that ushered in changes that Resistencias (UNAM/PUEG/CIESAS led to an award by the Council of Editors of 2009),,Dissident Women:.Gender and Learned Journals. He is currently the Rosalva Aída Hernández Castillo originaria Cultural Politics in Chiapas (UT Press 2006); director of the Hispanic Institute at de Ensenada, Baja, California, México es El Estado y los indígenas en tiempos del Columbia University and editor of its doctora en Antropología por la Universidad PAN: neoindigenismo, identidad y legalidad journal, the Revista Hispánica Moderna. de Stanford; actualmente es Profesora (Porrúa 2004), Mayan Lives, Mayan The Revista received the 2009 Council of Investigadora Titular “C” del Centro de Utopias: the Indigenous Peoples of Chiapas Editors of Learned Journals’ Phoenix Award Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en and the Zapatista Rebellion (Rowman & for Significant Editorial Achievement. Antropología Social (CIESAS) en la ciudad Littlefield 2003); and The Other Word: de México. Integrante del Sistema Nacional Women and Violence in Chiapas Before and Alonso Statement de Investigadores Nivel II. Ha vivido y After Acteal (IWGIA 2001). Durante el Several years ago, it was commonplace to realizado investigación de campo en 2003 recibió el premio LASA/Oxfam Martin assert that scholars of literature in the comunidades indígenas mexicanas, con Diskin Memorial Award compartido con el United States typically made a professional refugiados guatemaltecos en México y con Dr. Rodolfo Stavenhagen, por sus aportes a choice between membership in LASA and migrantes norafricanos en España. Por diez la investigación socialmente comprometida. membership in MLA — the assumption being años trabajó en una organización no that the first group was attentive to gubernamental con mujeres indígenas de los interdisciplinary concerns surrounding the Altos de Chiapas, apoyando en el área legal
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Hernández Statement and of the Sistema de Información sobre Herrera Statement Siendo LASA la sociedad académica de migraciones andinas (SIMA). Her research Será un privilegio servir como integrante del latinoamericanistas más grande del mundo, interests focus on gender, globalization and Comité Ejecutivo de LASA. Mi propósito es es contradictorio que su membrecía de social inequalities in Latin America. She was trabajar para que el intercambio de académicos latinoamericanos sea minoritaria a Fulbright New Century Scholar (2004- conocimientos y prácticas académicas de en contraste con los académicos de países 2005) carrying out comparative research on todos y todas aquellas personas que angloparlantes, por lo que de ser elegida Ecuadorian domestic workers in Madrid and investigan en y sobre América Latina tengan como parte del Consejo Ejecutivo New York. Her latest research focuses on la oportunidad de ser cada vez más promovería y apoyaría las iniciativas que the social organization of care among incluyentes y diversos. Especial atención ampliaran su influencia y membrecía en Ecuadorian transnational families and the será puesta en promover proyectos de América Latina. Esto implicaría ampliar la relationship between State policies, family fortalecimiento de metodologías y prácticas difusión de sus publicaciones impresas y arrangements, and gender ideologies de investigación entre académicos/as jóvenes electrónicas tratando de fortalecer los transnationally. Her recent publications del continente, que alimenten procesos de vínculos con las instituciones de educación include: “Stratified Workers/Stratified producción de conocimientos basados en superior y de investigación de los países Mothers. Migration Policies and Citizenship una relación más horizontal entre las hispanoparlantes, lusoparlantes y among Ecuadorian Immigrant Women” instituciones, las fuentes de financiamiento, y francoparlantes. En este sentido sería in Wendy Chavkin & JaneMaree sus integrantes de ambos hemisferios. importante promover la publicación de Maher (eds.). The Globalization of También me gustaría ayudar a ampliar la artículos y ensayos de reflexión en los cuatro Motherhood: Deconstructions and relación de LASA con otras redes de idiomas oficiales de la asociación. Sería Reconstructions of Biology and Care. 2010. investigadores/as del continente, a través de fundamental también alimentar su New York and London: Routledge. Taylor la promoción de proyectos temáticos diversidad disciplinaria y teórica tratando de and Francis Books Ltd.; “States, Work, and conjuntos e intercambio libre de mantener y ampliar los espacios de debate Social Reproduction through the Lens of información. Mi experiencia como interdisciplinario en los Congresos. El Migrant Experience: Ecuadorian Domestic investigadora ecuatoriana en LASA ha sido balance y la representación de las diversas Workers in Madrid” in Isabella Bakker y la de encontrar una red cada vez más plural disciplinas en los comités organizadores del Rachel Silvey (eds.) Beyond States and en varios aspectos: intercambios Congreso es fundamental para promover Markets: The Challenges of Social intergeneracionales, temáticos, regionales, esta diversidad disciplinaria. Asimismo, Reproduction. 2008. New York: Routledge; inter-nacionales, que configuran una idea de apoyaría las iniciativas que tratan de with Jacques Ramirez (ed.) América Latina AL en su diversidad. Esta pluralidad no fortalecer los puentes entre la academia y la migrante. Estado, familia, identidades. 2008. alcanza todavía otros aspectos más sociedad civil, promoviendo la investigación Quito: FLACSO Ecuador–Ministerio de estructurales relacionados con las formas de con pertinencia social que contribuya a la Cultura; co-edited with Isabel Yepez, producción de conocimientos en el solución de problemas concretos, como es la Nouvelles migrations latinoamericaines en continente; el desafío será trabajar para iniciativa de la beca de Otros Saberes que ha Europe. Bilans et défis. 2008. Lovaina: UCL ampliar esa pluralidad. logrado ampliar la influencia de LASA más Presse Universitaire de Louvain, Belgium; La allá de los ámbitos académicos. persistencia de la desigualdad. Género, trabajo y pobreza en América Latina. 2006. Jeffrey Lesser is Samuel Candler Dobbs Quito: FLACSO-Ecuador. She is member of Professor of History at Emory University. Gioconda Herrera is an Ecuadorian the Board of the International Network of He is the immediate past president of the sociologist. She received her Ph.D. from Migration and Development (INMD) and of Conference on Latin American History, the Columbia University and is currently DesiguALdades, a network of Researchers American Historical Association’s largest professor at the Facultad Latinoamericana on Inequalities and interdependencies in affiliate organization. Following six years as de Ciencias Sociales (FLACSO-Ecuador) in Latin America. Director of the Program in Latin American Quito. From 1998 until 2005 she was and Caribbean Studies, he currently serves as director (and founder) of the Gender Studies Director of the Tam Institute for Jewish Program at FLACSO-Ecuador, and is Studies. Lesser received his B.A. and M.A. currently in charge of the Sociology Program degrees from Brown University and his Ph.D.
22 from New York University. He is the author the CLAH Brazilian Studies Committee. our colleagues outside of the Americas. of A Discontented Diaspora: Japanese- He has served on the LASA Nominations These two goals emphasize that LASA must Brazilians and the Meanings of Ethnic Committee and the program and prize focus on the scholars who are its members Militancy, 1960-1980 (Durham: Duke committees of numerous organizations in while the organization allows us to move University Press, 2007), Negotiating both North and South America. A LASA between the dual traditions of discipline and National Identity: Minorities, Immigrants presidential panel that Lesser organized in geography. I believe that the and the Struggle for Ethnicity in Brazil 2006 was published as “Centering the interdisciplinarity of my work, both (Duke University Press, 1999), winner of the Periphery: Non-Latin Latin Americanisms,” methodologically and thematically, gives me Best Book Prize from the Brazil Section of LASA Forum 38:1 (Winter, 2007), 7-12. a privileged position to work to help expand the Latin American Studies Association, and Lesser spent the 2006-7 academic year as the traffic over the bridges between Welcoming the Undesirables: Brazil and the holder of the Fulbright Distinguished Chair Portuguese and Spanish America, and Jewish Question (University of California of the Humanities at the Center for Latin between the various Arts and Sciences Press, 1994) which won the Best Book Prize American and Iberian Studies at Tel Aviv disciplines. Finally, I believe deeply in the from New England Council on Latin University. In 2001-2002 he was a Fulbright value of scholarship. LASA is an intellectual American Studies. A Discontented Diaspora Senior Scholar at the University of São Paulo forum that allows academics to do what was published in Portuguese as Uma and he has held visiting professorships at the they do best; research, writing and teaching. Diáspora Descontente: Os Nipo-Brasileiros University of Campinas and the Federal In doing so we inform actively the many e os Significados da Militância Étnica, 1960- University of Rio de Janeiro. He has social, cultural and political spheres with 1980 (Editora Paz e Terra, 2008), received research grants from the National which we intersect. Negotiating National Identity as Endowment for the Humanities, Fulbright- Negociando a Identidade Nacional: Hays, the American Council of Learned Imigrantes, Minorias e a Luta pela Societies, the Ford Foundation, the Maxine Molyneux is Professor of Sociology Etnicidade no Brasil (Editora UNESP, 2001) Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture, and Director of the Institute for the Study of and Welcoming the Undesirables as O Brasil the North-South Center and the Lucius N. the Americas, at the School of Advanced e A Questão Judaica (Imago, 1995) and in Littauer Foundation. Study, University of London, where she Hebrew as Brazil Ve-Hashela Ha-Yehudit: teaches on the policy and practice of Latin Hagira, Diplomatia Ve-Deot Kdumot (Tel Lesser Statement American Development. She has written Aviv University Publishing Projects, 1997). I am honored to be nominated for the LASA extensively in the fields of political sociology, He also is author of Colonizacão Judaica no Executive Committee. I have learned from gender and development, human rights and Rio Grande do Sul, 1904-1925 (São Paulo: my professional service over the years that social policy, and has authored books on Centro de Estudos de Demografia Histórica nothing is more important than creating Latin America, the Horn of Africa and South de América Latina, Universidade de São opportunities for and mentoring the next Arabia. She has acted as senior adviser, Paulo, 1991). Lesser has edited a number of generation of academics. Thus my primary consultant and researcher to various volumes including Rethinking Jewish-Latin goal if elected is to expand still further departments of the UN, the UK’s Americans (University of New Mexico Press, LASA’s commitment to younger scholars of Department for International Development, 2008; with Raanan Rein), Searching for Latin America and the Caribbean, and other development policy agencies and Home Abroad: Japanese–Brazilians and independent of their places of residence. The NGOs. Her current research is on social Transnationalism (Duke University Press, excitement, and thus commitment, of our protection, rights, citizenship and 2003), and Arab and Jewish Immigrants in newest colleagues will ensure LASA’s future development policy, and the link between Latin America: Images and Realities as the preeminent organization in the field. economic and social policy in Latin America. (London: Frank Cass, 1998; with Ignacio Second, I am eager to move LASA towards Maxine Molyneux is a member of the SLAS Klich). Lesser has been an International an even broader international presence, Executive Committee, the Scientific Council Election Observer in Venezuela for The especially by engaging colleagues in Europe, of the GIS Institut des Ameriques at the Carter Center. He was elected to the Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Initial University of Paris, and serves on the Executive Committees of the Brazilian steps were taken at the LASA conferences in Editorial Boards of Economy and Society, Studies Association and the Conference on Puerto Rico, Montreal, and Rio de Janeiro, the Journal of Latin American Studies, and Latin American History and was Chair of but still more must be done to reach out to Development and Change. She is the editor
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NOMINATING COMMITTEE SLATE continued…
of the ISA/Palgrave Americas Series and the scholars in the field over teaching and research, America, and in the ‘Beijing Process’, as a ISA in-house book series. Among her recent supporting publications, and encouraging high participant in the world of women’s rights books are Women’s Movements in quality innovative research. These are all advocacy, and in association with various International Perspective, 2003 and 2000; activities to which I have made a significant departments of the UN. Bridging the divide Doing the Rights Thing: Rights-Based contribution, and are broadly in accordance between the policy, scholarly and advocacy Development and Latin American NGOs in with LASA’s objectives. I have no doubt that worlds, and encouraging collaborations across Latin America (with Sian Lazar) 2003; strengthening LASA’s European links will be of these divides is something that LASA has Gender Justice, Development and Rights (ed. benefit to its membership, drawing on its already made a valuable contribution to, and I with S. Razavi) 2003; The Politics of Rights: existing institutional links and developing in hope to add to that work particularly in an area Dilemmas for Feminist Praxis (ed. with some new directions. My two other goals are that has been under studied until recently, Andrea Cornwall) 2007/8; Gender and the research-related. I am a political sociologist namely social policy. ■ Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin with two principal and interrelated areas of America (ed. with N. Craske) 2002; research which converge in the field of gender Movimientos de Mujeres en América Latina: and development. My research applies a gender Estudio Comparativa y Teórico 2003; and analysis to social, political and historical The Hidden Histories of Gender and the phenomena, engaging issues central to social State in Latin America (ed. with E. Dore) theory, human rights, public policy and 2000. She also co-edited and introduced an development studies. I have a strong interest in Economy and Society Special Issue entitled promoting comparative reflection on Latin Latin American Capitalism: Economic and America. Prior to joining the University of Social Policy in Transition with Diego London’s Institute of Latin American Studies in Sánchez Ancochea and Juliana Martínez 1994, I had learned much from researching and Franzoni, Vol 38/1 February 2009. writing about other parts of the world. As Director of the Institute for the Study of the Molyneux Statement Americas, (ILAS’ successor), I am interested in As a UK-based Latin Americanist I am part of how regional knowledge can be strengthened LASA’s far-flung diaspora, one of those who and challenged by encouraging comparative make up around 45 percent of its non-US reflection on the historical, political and membership. If elected to the Executive Council, transnational processes that define the Western one of my goals would be to promote initiatives Hemisphere. Theoretical and empirical work that will strengthen cooperation with European on the diverse varieties of capitalism that have centres of Latin American studies through evolved in the hemisphere is just one of several encouraging the work of trans-Atlantic and major themes that are being fruitfully explored North-South scholarly networks. Much of my through this perspective Secondly, in the social work as Director of the Institute for the Study of sciences there is also important work to be done the Americas at London University is to support on the interface between the academic and and to promote scholarly communities, through policy communities. My own research interests developing synergistic linkages among groups have spanned the scholarly and international of scholars, organising conferences and policy worlds, in particular through an workshops, promoting collaboration with involvement in human rights work in Latin
Please watch your email inboxes for instructions on how to vote. All voting is electronic.
24 news from lasa
LASA Voluntary Support by SANDY KLINZING
As we count down to LASA2010, the Sandra Aguilar Rodríguez Héctor Domínguez-Ruvalcaba Association’s XXIX International Congress Sebastião Guilherme Albano da Costa Ariel Dorfman in Toronto, we are delighted to report that Elena Alvarez Patrick Dove through member and friend support of the Kirsten Appendini Seth Doyle various LASA funds, including the Joseph Arbena James Dunkerley Endowment, the Travel, the Student, and the Moises Arce Enrique Dussel Peters Indigenous and Afro-descendant Funds, Benjamin Arditi Karlik Susan Eckstein more travel grantees than ever will be Wendy Ashmore Marc Edelman supported. At the same time, contributions Werner Baer Hiromi Ehara to the Diskin Lectureship will enable the Helga Baitenmann Anne Marie Ejdesgaard Jeppesen Association again to recognize an established Beth Baker Cristales Laura Enriquez scholar whose work exemplifies scholarship Laura Barbas Rhoden June Carolyn Erlick and activism, and support for the Diskin Sarah Barrow Juan Carlos Esparza Ochoa Fellowship and the Charles A. Hale Carlos Batista Dionne Espinoza Fellowship for Mexican History will provide Florencia Bazzano Nelson Dina Fachin grants to aspiring scholars in the early Janine Berg Patricia Weiss Fagen phases of their work. Emilie Bergmann Suzanne Fiederlein Ana Maria Bidegain Kathleen Fine-Dare And so we take a moment for a most sincere Mario Blaser Elizabeth Fitting Thank You to the donors who supported Robert Blecker Cornelia Butler Flora any of the LASA funds since our last report Kristen Block Jan Flora to you (many to multiple funds at the same Sandra Boschetto-Sandoval Jonathan Fox time and many repeat donors), to the Merle Bowen Maria Estela Dal Pai Franco foundations who continue to assist LASA to Kirk Bowman Bonnie Frederick meet its mission, to the LASA Fundraising Eramis Bueno Sánchez Elisabeth Jay Friedman Committee for its tireless efforts to increase Steven Byrd Henry Frundt support for the Endowment, and to the Amalia Cabezas Alicia Girón recipients of LASA grants who make us glad Kim Cameron-Dominguez Michel Gobat to work even harder on their behalf. Cláudio Capuano Mary Goldsmith Manuel Ángel Castillo García María Mercedes Gómez We gratefully acknowledge the following Roberto Cespedes Ruffinelli Laura Gotkowitz donors for their contributions to any of the Francie Chassen-Lopez Jeffrey Gould LASA funds since our previous report in the Nancy Churchill Tricia Gray winter issue of the LASA Forum. (Note that Rudi Colloredo-Mansfeld Caroline Hale in the interest of conserving space all donors Michael Coppedge Lenore Hale are included only once, regardless of the Jose Eduardo Corbetta Roger Hale number of contributions or gifts to multiple Lúcia Helena Costigan Nora Hamilton funds.) Robert Cottrol John Hammond Margaret Crahan Howard Handelman James Martín Cypher Inge Merete Hansen Alexandre Da Costa Heather Hennes Michael de Give Jesus Alejandro Hernandez-Ramirez Juan Ramiro De la Rosa-Mendoza Betty Heyder Susan Deeds Yoshiaki Hisamatsu Jorge Enrique Delgado Troncoso Kathryn Hochstetler Rut Diamint James Howe Rainer Dombois Jayne Howell
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Jean Jackson Gerardo Otero Kimberly Terry Nils Jacobsen Cynthia Palmer Susana Torres Gladys Jiménez-Muñoz Robert Pastor Tania Triana Jon Jonakin Rossana Patron Joseph Tulchin Peter Jordens Mario Pecheny Miren Uriarte Alvaro Kaempfer Hernan Perez Loose Ivani Vassoler-Froelich Cristóbal Kay Eric Perramond Vivianne Ventura Dias Maria Teresa Miceli Kerbauy David Pion-Berlin George Vickers A. Douglas Kincaid Roque Planas Marcos Virgilio Silva Lisa Kowalchuk Juan Poblete Ronald Waterbury Wendy Kramer Aaron Pollack William Waters Sayuri Kuwabara Nancy Postero Jean Weisman Aurélie La Torré Margaret Power Clifford Welch Cecilia Lucia La Torre Ramírez Jason Pribilsky Jurgen Weller Cecile Lachenal Marie Price Robert Wilcox Maria Lagos Ana Ramírez Barreto Patrick Wilson Kathryn Lehman Juan Rial Justin Wolfe Aluísio Lima Rita Schwentesius Rindermann Andrew Wood Amy Lind Francesca Rivera Lawrence Woodward Eloise Linger Karem Roitman Angus Wright Bernardo Lins Reinaldo Roman Patricia Zavella Iraida López María de Lourdes Rosas-López Ana Celia Zentella Susan Lord Joshua Rosenthal Marc Zimmerman Kathleen Mahoney-Norris José Ramón Ruisánchez Serra Eric Zolov Yolanda Martínez-San Miguel Anais Ruiz Clarence Zuvekas, Jr. Francine Masiello Estela Ruíz Larraguivel Carmen Lúcia Guimarães de Mattos Enrique Sacerio-Garí April Mayes Clay (Matt) Samson {For information on how you may make a John Mayo Daniela Sandler donation to any of the funds please contact Cynthia McClintock Maria Evelinda Santiago-Jiménez the LASA Secretariat at 412-648-1907. John-Andrew McNeish Veronica Schild Are you employed by an agency or an NGO Seth Meisel Freya Schiwy that may match employee contributions? Mariselle Meléndez Ella Schmidt If so, your gift will be all the more valuable. Evelyne Mesclier Jalane Schmidt Please contact the Secretariat for more Petra Mestankova Ben Ross Schneider information.) ■ Rory Miller David Schodt Sylvia Molloy Sarah Schoellkopf Maxine Molyneux Rachel Sieder Henriette Francisco Moran Daniel Silva Kimberly Morse Russell Smith Silvia Nagy-Zekmi Oscar Somoza Melanie Nicholson Daniela Spenser James Nicolopulos Peter Spink Karoline Noack Donald Stevens Lincoln Narcelio Noronha Henry Stobart Liisa North John Stolle-McAllister Adriana Ortiz Ortega Lucy Frances Annie Taylor
26 news from lasa
Kalman Silvert Society by SANDY KLINZING
The Kalman Silvert Society was founded to Planned giving is possible through a host of perpetuate the legacy of this renowned Latin mechanisms. Bequests are the most popular American scholar and LASA’s first President. instruments. Any assets of value can be The Society honors those who make passed along in accord with a will or living commitments to LASA through planned gifts trust. These include stocks, bonds, mutual of lasting impact. Such generosity bolsters funds, real estate, or cash. Other Association programs that will solidly possibilities are life insurance gifts, gifts from benefit future generations of Latin retirement assets, among others. The first Americanists by nurturing their scholarship step is to seek the advice of professional for many years to come. advisors for counsel on personal legal, tax, or financial planning issues. Long-valued programs not covered by ordinary income will receive substantial Kalman Silvert Society members are advantage. These activities include travel acknowledged in the LASA Forum and in grants for Latin Americans participating in other official publications — and are honored LASA Congresses, special seminars and guests at receptions and other special events workshops, and other projects involving at the LASA Congress. The greatest scholarly inquiry. The LASA Endowment premium of all is knowing that a gift to Fund has been the major source of income LASA will mean substantial returns for for such programs, but the Fund will need present and future colleagues in Latin tangible future support. American Studies.
Charitable gifts made during one’s lifetime Any gift to LASA may be general in nature are an effective form of giving because they or may be designated to fund a specific allow for immediate tax deductions and program, or type of scholarship or reduce estate taxes after death. Hundreds of fellowship. Association staff would be LASA members and friends have contributed pleased to present options. For additional in this fashion and continue to do so. information please contact the LASA Individuals who would like to make Secretariat at 412-648-1907. ■ significant gifts to the Association but are currently not in a position to do so can defer their support: Planned Gifts help ensure that one has the necessary resources during a lifetime and also can benefit educational and charitable organizations named as beneficiaries.
27 lasaforum spring 2010 : volume xli : issue 2 news from lasa
Membership Report 2009
Individual Memberships Total memberships 6,183 (37 percent increase over 2008)* New members 1,852 Renewed from 2008 2,908 (65 percent renewal rate) Renewed lapsed members 1,423 Member type Traditional members 4,415 (71 percent of total membership) Student members 1,475 (24 percent of total membership)** Life Members 77 Joint Memberships 216 Member residency U.S. residents 3,371 (55 percent of total membership) Latin American residents 1,872 (30 percent of total membership) *** Other Non-U.S. residents 940 (15 percent of total membership) Three-year memberships initiated in 2009 95 Major disciplines represented Political Science 850 Literature 829 History 822 Anthropology 579 Sociology 530 Latin American Studies 291 Economics 202 Education 170 Cultural Studies 166 International Relations 133 Social Sciences 129 Geography 116
Institutional Memberships Total memberships 537 (19 percent decrease from 2008) New members 66 Renewed from 2008 469 (71 percent renewal rate) Renewed lapsed members 2 Institution location United States 388 (72 percent of total membership) Latin America 38 (7 percent of total membership) Other non-U.S. 111 (21 percent of total membership)
* The 2009 increase in total individual memberships of 37 percent is the largest in LASA history. The next highest was 30 percent in 1995, the year of a Washington DC Congress. ** This number is somewhat higher than the average of about 22 percent students.. *** This figure is substantially higher than the average of 15 to 22 percent Latin American residents
28 Call for Applications to Edit the Latin American Research Review
Proposals are invited for the editorship of the Latin Expenses for travel to the LASA Congresses and to American Research Review (LARR), the journal of the meetings of the LASA Executive Council, as well as Latin American Studies Association. The Review is expenses for necessary supplies, are included in published three times a year. the Editor’s budget. Allocations for office space or release time are not included. Institutions hosting the Manuscript selection duties will begin on January Review historically have provided half-time release 1, 2012 and the first issue to appear under the name from teaching for the Editor, additional release time of the newly appointed Editor will be Volume 48, No. for the Associate Editors, adequate office space, and 1 (2013). Contracts to edit LARR normally are five salary support for an Editorial Assistant. years in duration, although LASA’s Ways and Means Committee may award a contract for a different time Applications should: 1) identify the candidate Editor period. Candidates must hold a tenured position in an and clearly set out her/his qualifications; 2) provide academic institution. the names and qualifications of individuals proposed as members of a LARR Editorial Board; and 3) include In accordance with LASA’s mission to publish high a letter from the president of the host institution quality scholarship, the following criteria will be formally committing the resources and personnel of considered in selecting the LARR Editor: the institution necessary to support the work of the Editor, Associate Editors, and an Editorial Assistant. 1. Established record of scholarship;
2. Experience with and understanding of the wide The LASA Secretariat is responsible for all variety of activities associated with journal administrative, operational, and financial support editorship, including submissions, reviewing, and functions associated with the publication of the relations with Editorial boards, Review, including maintenance of the subscriber/ member database, production, and mailing as well as 3. Strong familiarity with the present state of the maintenance of LARR-On-Line. Review, its strengths and challenges, and a vision for its future, Proposals must be received by July 1, 2010, directed 4. Openness to the different methods, themes, to: Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, Executive Director, theories, and approaches to the field, Latin American Studies Association, 416 Bellefield Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. 5. Record of responsible service to scholarly Applications will be reviewed by the LASA Ways publishing and evidence of organizational skill and and Means Committee, which will present its final intellectual leadership. selection to the Executive Council for approval. The LASA Executive Director will work out the contractual agreement with the nominee and the host institution. A final decision is expected by November 1, 2010. Call for Applications to Direct the LASA Film Festival
Applications are invited for Director of the LASA Travel to the LASA Congresses as well as expenses Film Festival. The Festival is a key event at each for necessary supplies are included in the Festival International Congress of the Latin American Studies Director’s budget. Allocations for office space or Association. release time are not included. The host institution conventionally provides some release time for the The new contract will date from January 1, 2011 and Director, adequate office space, and salary support for the new Director’s first Festival will be in conjunction an assistant. with LASA2012. Festival contracts normally are for five years, although LASA’s Ways and Means Applications should 1) clearly set out the qualifications Committee may award a contract for a different time of the proposed new Director(s) and the proposed period. Candidates must hold a tenured position in an advisory board; 2) indicate the Director(s)’s vision for academic institution. the Festival over the next five years; 3) specify the nature and extent of the support provided by the host In accordance with LASA’s mission to provide high institution; and 4) include a letter from the president of quality events, the following criteria will be considered the host institution formally committing the resources in selecting the Festival Director: and personnel of the institution necessary to support the on-site work of the Director(s) and an assistant. 1. Established record of scholarship;
2. Experience with and understanding of the wide Proposals must be received by July 1, 2010, directed variety of activities associated with film festival to: Milagros Pereyra-Rojas, Executive Director, direction, including inviting, evaluating, and Latin American Studies Association, 416 Bellefield selecting submissions, as well as programming film Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260. presentations; Applications will be reviewed by the LASA Ways and Means Committee, which will present its final 3. Strong familiarity with the present state of the field, selection to the Executive Council for approval. The its strengths and challenges, and a vision for its LASA Executive Director will work out the contractual future; agreement with the nominee and the host institution. 4. Openness to the different methods, themes, A final decision is expected by November 1, 2010. theories, and approaches to the field,
5. Record of responsible service to the field and evidence of organizational skill and intellectual leadership.
The Latin American Studies Association (LASA) is the largest professional association in the world for individuals and institutions engaged in the study of Latin America. With over 5,500 members, thirty-five percent of whom reside outside the United States, LASA is the one association that brings together experts on Latin America from all disciplines and diverse occupational endeavors, across the globe.
LASA’s mission is to foster intellectual discussion, research, and teaching on Latin America, the Caribbean, and its people throughout the Americas, promote the interests of its diverse membership, and encourage civic engagement through network building and public debate. 416 Bellefield Hall University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 15260
lasa.international.pitt.edu