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The Flower of English Chivalry
David Green. Edward the Black Prince: Power in Medieval Europe. Harlow: Pearson Longman, 2007. 312 pp. $28.00, paper, ISBN 978-0-582-78481-9. Reviewed by Stephen M. Cooper Published on H-War (January, 2008) In the city square of Leeds in West Yorkshire, the 1360s. He never became king of England, but there is a magnificent statue of the Black Prince, he was the sovereign ruler of a large part of erected in 1903 when the British Empire was at its France. The prince was a brilliant soldier and height and patriotism was uncomplicated. Dis‐ commander, but he was "not a political animal," playing an intense pride in his life and achieve‐ and there is a strong argument for saying that he ments, the inscription proclaims that the prince won the war but lost the peace because of his mis‐ was "the victor of Crécy and Poitiers, the Flower government of Aquitaine (p. 153). In pursuing his of English Chivalry and the Upholder of the Rights chosen themes, Green deliberately plays down the of the People in the Good Parliament." One would fighting, at which the prince was very good, and not expect a book published in 2007 to make the concentrates on the politics, where the prince was same grandiose claims, and David Green does not either rather hopeless or simply uninterested. In even intend his newest book Edward the Black terms of religion and estate management, there is Prince to be a conventional biography--he has no real evidence that "the Flower of English written one of those already (The Black Prince Chivalry" was even personally involved. -
11 the Ciompi Revolt of 1378
The Ciompi Revolt of 1378: Socio-Political Constraints and Economic Demands of Workers in Renaissance Florence Alex Kitchel I. Introduction In June of 1378, political tensions between the Parte Guelpha (supporters of the Papacy) and the Ghibellines (supporters of the Holy Roman Emperor) were on the rise in Italy. These tensions stemmed from the Parte Guelpha’s use of proscriptions (either a death sentence or banishment/exile) and admonitions (denying one’s eligibility for magisterial office) to rid Ghibellines (and whomever else they wanted for whatever reasons) from participation in the government. However, the Guelphs had been unable to prevent their Ghibelline adversary, Salvestro de’ Medici, from obtaining the position of Gonfaloniere (“Standard-Bearer of Justice”), the most powerful position in the commune. By proposing an ultimately unsuccessful renewal of the anti-magnate Law of Ordinances, he was able to win the support of the popolo minuto (“little people”), who, at his bidding, ran around the city, burning and looting the houses of the Guelphs. By targeting specific families and also by allying themselves with the minor guilds, these “working poor” hoped to force negotiations for socio-economic and political reform upon the major-guildsmen. Instead, however, this forced the creation of a balìa (an oligarchic ruling committee of patricians), charged with suppressing the rioting throughout the city. With the city still high-strung, yet more rioting broke out in the following month. The few days before July 21, 1378 were shrouded in conspiracy and plotting. Fearing that the popolo minuto were holding secret meetings all throughout the city, the government arrested some of their leaders, and, under torture, these “little people” confessed to plans of creating three new guilds and eliminating forced loan policies. -
Medieval Population Dynamics to 1500
Medieval Population Dynamics to 1500 Part C: the major population changes and demographic trends from 1250 to ca. 1520 European Population, 1000 - 1300 • (1) From the ‘Birth of Europe’ in the 10th century, Europe’s population more than doubled: from about 40 million to at least 80 million – and perhaps to as much as 100 million, by 1300 • (2) Since Europe was then very much underpopulated, such demographic growth was entirely positive: Law of Eventually Diminishing Returns • (3) Era of the ‘Commercial Revolution’, in which all sectors of the economy, led by commerce, expanded -- with significant urbanization and rising real incomes. Demographic Crises, 1300 – 1500 • From some time in the early 14th century, Europe’s population not only ceased to grow, but may have begun its long two-century downswing • Evidence of early 14th century decline • (i) Tuscany (Italy): best documented – 30% -40% population decline before the Black Death • (ii) Normandy (NW France) • (iii) Provence (SE France) • (iv) Essex, in East Anglia (eastern England) The Estimated Populations of Later Medieval and Early Modern Europe Estimates by J. C. Russell (red) and Jan de Vries (blue) Population of Florence (Tuscany) Date Estimated Urban Population 1300 120,000 1349 36,000? 1352 41, 600 1390 60,000 1427 37,144 1459 37,369 1469 40,332 1488 42,000 1526 (plague year) 70,000 Evidence of pre-Plague population decline in 14th century ESSEX Population Trends on Essex Manors The Great Famine: Malthusian Crisis? • (1) The ‘Great Famine’ of 1315-22 • (if we include the sheep -
Demographic, Monetary, and Political-Fiscal Factors
The Late Medieval Decline of English Demesne Agriculture: Demographic, Monetary, and Political-Fiscal Factors John Munro* uring the later fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries, a majority of English manorial landlords, lay and ecclesiastical, experienced a Dsignificant contraction of their demesne holdings: sometimes by sale or partial abandonment, but more often by leasing them to tenants. J. M. Bean states that ‘there is a general consensus that the crucial years in this process were between 1380 and 1420’, and his view is supported by a number of studies of ecclesiastical estates.1 Thus, Ambrose Raftis contends that a dramatic ‘collapse’ of the direct management of demesnes on the Ramsey Abbey estates took place during and just after the 1390s.2 Barbara Harvey, having examined the accounts of Westminster Abbey’s large number of manors in southern and central England, similarly concluded that ‘the turn of the tide may be placed around the year 1390’.3 Christopher Dyer also found, on the estates of the bishop of Worcester, that ‘the main break [the shift to leasing] came with [Bishop] Wakefield’s death in 1395’.4 In his analysis of the manors of the Archbishop of Canterbury, F. R. H. Du Boulay found that ‘by 1400 most of the demesnes, and by 1450, all of them were being leased out’.5 * John Munro is Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Toronto. 1 Bean, ‘Landlords’, pp. 526–86. 2 Raftis, ‘Peasants and the Collapse of the Manorial Economy’, p. 196. 3 Harvey, Westminster Abbey and its Estates, p. 268. 4 Dyer, Lords and Peasants in a Changing Society, p. -
PDF) 978-3-11-066078-4 E-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-065796-8
The Crisis of the 14th Century Das Mittelalter Perspektiven mediävistischer Forschung Beihefte Herausgegeben von Ingrid Baumgärtner, Stephan Conermann und Thomas Honegger Band 13 The Crisis of the 14th Century Teleconnections between Environmental and Societal Change? Edited by Martin Bauch and Gerrit Jasper Schenk Gefördert von der VolkswagenStiftung aus den Mitteln der Freigeist Fellowship „The Dantean Anomaly (1309–1321)“ / Printing costs of this volume were covered from the Freigeist Fellowship „The Dantean Anomaly 1309-1321“, funded by the Volkswagen Foundation. Die frei zugängliche digitale Publikation wurde vom Open-Access-Publikationsfonds für Monografien der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft gefördert. / Free access to the digital publication of this volume was made possible by the Open Access Publishing Fund for monographs of the Leibniz Association. Der Peer Review wird in Zusammenarbeit mit themenspezifisch ausgewählten externen Gutachterin- nen und Gutachtern sowie den Beiratsmitgliedern des Mediävistenverbands e. V. im Double-Blind-Ver- fahren durchgeführt. / The peer review is carried out in collaboration with external reviewers who have been chosen on the basis of their specialization as well as members of the advisory board of the Mediävistenverband e.V. in a double-blind review process. ISBN 978-3-11-065763-0 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-066078-4 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-065796-8 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number: 2019947596 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. -
City Council Minutes; September 13, 1993
COUNCIL 9--13--93 — 750 MINUTES OF THE REGULAR CITY COUNCIL MEETING OF THE CITY OF GROSSE POINTE WOODS HELD ON MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1993, IN THE COUNCIL COURT—ROOM OF THE MUNICIPAL BUILDING, 20025 MACK PLAZA, GROSSE POINTE WOODS, MICHIGAN The meeting was called to order at 7:48 p.m. o'clock by Mayor Novitke. The following answered Roll Call: Mayor Novitke Council members Alogdelis, Fahrner, Gilezan, Rice, Wilson Absent: Council member Steiner Also Present: Acting City Administrator Patterson City Attorney Catlin City Clerk Warnke Deputy City Clerk Seder Motion by Gilezan, supported by Wilson, that Council Member Steiner BE EXCUSED from attendance at tonight's meeting. Motion CARRIED by the following vote: YES: Alogdelis, Fahrner, Gilezan, Novitke, Rice, Wilson NO: None ABSENT: Steiner Motion by Rice, supported by Gilezan, that all items on tonight's agenda be received, placed on file, taken in order of appearance, and made a part of the minutes by attachment hereto and identified as Exhibit A. Motion CARRIED by the following vote: YES: Alogdelis, Fahrner, Gilezan, Novitke, Rice, Wilson NO: None ABSENT: Steiner Mayor Novitke presented the following resolution to Ted Bidigare in honor of his years of service to the Grosse Pointe Woods City Council: RESOLUTION • WHEREAS, TED L. BIDIGARE was first elected to the position of Councilman.of the City of Grosse Pointe Woods, Michigan, in November, 1983; and 11 COUNCIL 9-13-93 -- 751 WHEREAS, TED L. BIDIGARE did serve'the residents of the City as Council representative to the Beautification Commission,- Council representative to the Board of Pension Trustees, Council representative to the Insurance Commission, Chair of the Council Assessment Committee, Chair of the Council Beautification Commission, Chair of the Council Community Center Sub-committee, and as a member of the Council Finance Committee, a member of the Council Judicial Liaison Committee, and a member of the Council Committee on Parks and Recreation, and • WHEREAS, TED L. -
The Economy, Representation, and Revolt: Social Unrest in Florence in the Wake of the Black Death
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Supervised Undergraduate Student Research Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects and Creative Work 5-2016 The Economy, Representation, and Revolt: Social Unrest in Florence in the Wake of the Black Death Jacob David Brannum The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj Part of the European History Commons, Labor History Commons, and the Medieval History Commons Recommended Citation Brannum, Jacob David, "The Economy, Representation, and Revolt: Social Unrest in Florence in the Wake of the Black Death" (2016). Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_chanhonoproj/1921 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Supervised Undergraduate Student Research and Creative Work at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Economy, Representation, and Revolt: Social Unrest in Florence in the Wake of the Black Death Jake Brannum History 408: Senior Honors Thesis Final Draft April 27, 2016 2 Introduction In July 1378, a contingent of lesser guildsmen and lower-class citizens overthrew a Florentine republican government comprising almost exclusively upper-class citizens, replacing it with one nominally centered on popular interests. Shortly thereafter, lower-class laborers of the newly created wool carders’ and combers’ guild, better known as the Ciompi, rebelled against this government. Allied with the remaining guilds, the government subsequently defeated the woolworkers and put down what would later become known as the Ciompi Revolt. -
Callisto Fine Arts
CALLISTO FINE ARTS 17 Georgian House 10 Bury Street London SW1Y 6AA +44 (0)207 8397037 [email protected] www.callistoart.com Master of the Magi of Fabriano (Fabriano, 1360s–1370s) Madonna and Child Polychromed wood 51 9/16 inches, 131 cm. c. 1360–1380 Provenance: Private collection, Florence. Bibliography: E. Neri Lusanna, Per l’Adorazione dei Magi di Palazzo Venezia a Roma, in Nobilis arte manus. Festschrift zum 70. Geburtstag von Antje Middeldorf Kosegarten, ed. by B. Klein and H. Wolter-von dem Knesebeck, Dresden-Kassel, 2002, pp. 218–227. G.Kreytenberg, in Italian Renaissance Sculpture, ed. by A. Butterfield (exh. cat., Salander- O’Reilly Galleries, New York, 3 November 2004-8 January 2005), New York, 2004, pp.6- 12. Sacri legni : sculture da Fabriano e dalla Marca Picena, ed. by Paola di Girolami ... [et al.], Florence, 2006, pp. 79-81, ill. Exhibited: Sacri legni : sculture da Fabriano e dalla Marca Picena, Montalto Marche, Museo Sistino Vescovile, 22 April – 17 September, 2006. CALLISTO FINE ARTS 17 Georgian House 10 Bury Street London SW1Y 6AA +44 (0)207 8397037 [email protected] www.callistoart.com Relevant Bibliography: R. Sassi, “Un monaco olivetano scultore,” Rivista storica benedettina, 24, 1955, pp. 1–4. E. Neri Lusanna, “Invenzione e replica nella scultura del Trecento: il ‘Maestro dei Magi di Fabriano,’” Studi di Storia dell’Arte, 3, 1992, pp. 45–66. ___, “Per la scultura marchigiana del ‘300. Il Maestro dei Magi di Fabriano e il Maestro della Madonna di Campodonico,” in I Legni Devoti, ed. by G. Donnini, Fabriano, 1994, pp. 26–38. -
Conflict and Upheaval Key Terms Quilt – by THEME/ TOPIC Area
Conflict and Upheaval key terms quilt – by THEME/ TOPIC area Auld Alliance Edward III Catholic Church Alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Wat Tyler Serfdom Subordination Essex Poll Tax Tower of London Great Pestilencce Isabella of Aquitaine Flanders / trade Ordinance of Labourers Gascony / Aquitaine Living conditions Pneumonic Population decrease Bargaining power Abolition Labour service Alliance with Ghent, John Ball Inflation Ypres and Bruges Battle of Crecy King Richard II Feudal system King David II Longbow Homage Miasma Siege The Staple Sheep farming Bubonic Tax evasion Punishment from god Edward, the Black Wool trade Succession crisis Prince Mile End Villeins Archbishop of Statute of Labourers Canterbury Salic Law Lord Chancellor Battle of Sluys Letters of pardon Battle of Poitiers Freemen Battle of Calais Philip VI Septicaemic Treaty of Bretigny Siege Chevauchee King John of France Agriculture Colour code the key words to show which theme they fit with: Life in Medieval England Causes of the Hundred Years War Events of the Hundred Years War The Black Death The Peasants’ Revolt Can you add any key words of your own to the blank spaces? How to extend your revision… can you now: make revision cards / mind maps for key themes? Can you describe each key feature in detail? Can you complete exam questions making sure you add key terms? Conflict and Upheaval key terms quilt – by TIME PERIOD / DEACDES Auld Alliance Edward III Catholic Church Alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Wat Tyler Serfdom Subordination Essex Poll Tax Tower of London -
Oxford City and County Archaeological Forum Oxford City Report September 2012
Oxford City and County Archaeological Forum Oxford City Report September 2012 Previous pre-application fieldwork now in the public domain Worcester College, Kitchen and Pump Quads In January 2012 a pre-determination evaluation and a watching brief during geo- technical test pitting was undertaken by Oxford Archaeology at Worcester College. Trenches were excavated in the Kitchen Quad and Pump Quad. The works revealed at least two distinct phases of features cut into the natural gravel. The earliest of these was not securely dated, but the composition of the fills was similar to those from prehistoric and earlier medieval features excavated elsewhere in the city. The later phase of features appeared to comprise 15th-16th century pits of indeterminate function. In addition to these features a number of structural remains were also revealed. One of these was an east-west aligned wall which may correspond to a garden wall depicted on a 17th century engraving. The remaining structures are likely to correlate to outbuildings in the Kitchen courtyard which are shown on the 19th century OS 1st edition map. The 14th century Malmesbury Chamber of the southern range of Camerae at Worcester College (chambers belonging to the former monastic Gloucester College, which were sponsored by individual Benedictine Monasteries) was also subject to a historic building appraisal by Glyn Coppack. Coppack notes that there is no evidence of original partitioning in the Malmesbury Chamber and suggests an alternate plan- form to that previously identified by Dr William Pantin in the 1950s. He suggests that the closest analogy to the earliest Worcester chambers is the two-storey cells built by the Carthusians for their hermit-monks, these adopted the plan of monastic cells at London as their standard from the 1370s. -
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Domesday structure of Allertonshire Traces of the medieval village First edition 1:10560 OS map (1856) Villages where Village pump churches were David Rogers Depiction of Thornton le Street mill on early C18th map The Catholic cemetery affected by Medieval jug found in Area of 6 carucates (Thornton le Street) and at Kilvington Old Hall Scots raids in Thornton le Street in 1980s Wood End: reproduced by permission 7 carucates (North Kilvington) @ 120acres/carucate 1318 of North Yorkshire Library Services East window in St Leonard’s 1783: from Armstrong’s Post roads Church: by Kempe (1894) 1060s 1070s 1080s 1090s 1100s 1110s 1120s 1130s 1140s 1150s 1160s 1170s 1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s 1270s 1280s 1290s 1300s 1310s 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s 1360s 1370s 1380s 1390s 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s 1470s 1480s 1490s 1500s 1510s 1520s 1530s 1540s 1550s 1560s 1570s 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s 1710s 1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 1042-1066 1066 Harold II 1087 -1100 1100-1135 1135-1154 1154 -1189 1189-1199 1199-1216 1216 -1272 1272-1307 1307-1327 1327 -1377 1377-1399 1399-1413 1413-1422 1422 -1461 1461 -1483 1483 Ed V 1485-1509 1509-1547 1547-1553 1553 Grey 1558 - 1603 1603 -1625 1625-1649 1649-1660 1660 -1685 1685-8 1688-1702 1702-1714 1714 - 1727 1727 -1760 1760-1820 1820-1830 1830-1837 1837-1901 1901-1910 1910 -
14Th Century Martial Surcoats in England and France
This class focuses on English and French styles. Somewhat different styles were happening in other parts of Europe, but since I only have an hour, I’m keeping the focus on the Anglo-French cultures. I created this class using manuscript illuminations, sculptural imagery, and incised slabs/brass imagery, though I also consulted documentation on two extant surcottes, the Edward of Woodstock pourpoint and the Charles VI pourpoint. Terminology for martial surcottes is varied and controversial. For the most part, I’m going to use the generic term “surcotte” but will mention when other terms exist to describe a particular style. 2 Extant padded garments such as the Edward of Woodstock’s pourpoint and the Charles VI pourpoint both have linen linings, as does the non-martial pourpoint attributed to Charles de Blois. All three have silk as their outer fabric and are stuffed with cotton tow. Wool was ubiquitous in the 14thc, and was probably the most common fabric used in clothing of all kinds. The less wealthy men of arms would probably have had wool surcottes to wear, not silk. 3 To set the scene, let’s review what a typical knight at the turn of the 14th century was probably wearing when fully dressed for a fight. The aketon was a padded, quilted garment worn under armour as another layer of protection. The term is presumed to descend from the Arabic term for cotton: al-qutun. Ailletes were stiff boards, usually in a rectangle shape, worn on the shoulders. Scholars believe they served the role of protecting the shoulders and neck from blows or perhaps as decorative elements or a form of heraldic identification.