De Zeeslag Bij Knokke (1340)
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Omy I Mean an Analysis
CHAPTER TWO THE ANATOMY OF MEDIEVAL PIRACY In this chapter I shall deal with the anatomy of medieval piracy. By anat- omy I mean an analysis of the vessels used by the pirates as well as their victims, the geography of piracy, the procedure of a pirate assault, the fate of the victims and their goods and, finally, the collaboration between pirates and their land-based accomplices. It should be noted that these cases are rather hard to disentangle, and it is important to stress the con- fusion that reigned. Even contemporaries had trouble telling what had actually happened in the reported incidents of piracy. Piracy in practice did not adhere to fixed schemes of crime despite the formal script of the complaints. Thus, the image of piracy provided in this chapter is some- what impressionistic. While it may seem as if piracy was omnipresent in the Middle Ages and that mariners and merchants lived in continual danger of being assaulted, it must be noted that sea-borne trade generally functioned and functioned well. On the whole, trading voyages could and would be conducted with- out any significant disturbances from other sea-folk. Hence, this chap- ter does not seek to present piracy as an overwhelming problem at sea. Nonetheless, the maritime wars of Bayonne and the Norman ports, and the continual conflicts between the Cinque Ports and Great Yarmouth, at times endangered maritime commerce in general. Furthermore, natural disasters like the Great Famine of 1315–17 and the kings’ wars had a stimu- lating effect on piracy. The 1310s were particularly rife with piracy due to the wars between England and Scotland and between France and Flan- ders. -
The Historicity of Barbour's Bruce
The Historicity of Barbour's Bruce By JAMES HAND TAGGART School of Scottish Studies Faculty of Arts University of Glasgow A thesis submitted'to the University of Glasgow in May 2004 for the degreeof Doctor of Philosophy ii Acknowledgments Professor Geoffrey Barrow took time to discuss various aspects of Barbour's purpose in writing The Bruce. Professor Archie Duncan spent hours with me on several occasions. His knowledge of The Bruce is unsurpassed;he shared it most generously. He was patient when I questioned some of his conclusions about Barbour's work and its historicity. His edition of The Bruce, together with its extensivenotes, was invaluable for my analysis of Barbour. Drs. Sonia Cameron and Fiona Watson also gave generouslyof their time at crucial points. I am especially grateful to my supervisor, Professor Edward Cowan. He never failed to smile and brew up a coffee on the many occasionsI visited his room in the Department of Scottish History. He kept my enthusiasm going over a prolonged period, and helped to structure my work in a way that made the analyses more accessibleand the discussion more meaningful. He vigorously defendedme and my work against aggressive and unprofessional attack, and encouraged me to think rigorously at every point. I am glad, though, to observethat I finally convinced him that the carl of Carrick killed, but did not murder, the lord of Badenoch on 10 February 1306. Thanks for your guidanceand friendship, Ted. On a personal note, I am grateful to Fiona for starting me out on this journey, and to Mairi for sustaining me on the last few laps. -
Newsletter 2003 June
NUMBER - 2003 DATES FOR YOUR DIARY Saturday 19th/ Sunday The Great Siege of Berwick and the Battle of 20th July 2003 Halidon Hill Saturday 13th September Doors Open Day in Berwick, includes guided tour and historical commentary on the Council Offices. Tours every half hour 10am – 12.30. Friday 26th – Sunday 28th The Story of Norham Castle and exhibition by September 2003 Norham and Ladykirk History Society in the Village Hall Saturday 27th September Friends Summer Outing to Norham Castle event (please use the enclosed form to order your tickets 1 Other Societies’ Lectures Please note only a few Societies hold meetings in the summer months. BORDER ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Venue: Parish Centre, Berwick. Time: 7.00 p.m. Monday 1st September Lecture by Steve Speak, Tyne and Wear Museums Service Monday 6th October Lime Trade on Holy Island : Roger Jeremy DUNSE HISTORY SOCIETY Venue: Duns Social Club, 41 Newton St, Duns. Time: 7.30 p.m. GLENDALE LOCAL HISTORY SOCIETY Venue: Cheviot Centre, Padgepool Place, Wooler. Time: 7.30 p.m. Wednesday 10th September AGM and Snippets from the Archives : Linda Bankier Embleton Local History Society Venue: Parish Church Room, Embleton. Time: 7.30 p.m. Wed 17th September AGM: speaker to be arranged Northumberland & Durham Family History Society (North Northumberland Group) Venue: White Swan, Lowick. Time: 10.00 a.m. Sat 20th September The Cully Brothers: Dr. Ann Ord 2 NOTICE: FROM THE TREASURER Data Protection Act. Details of members of the F.B.D.M.A. are held on a computer, purely for administration purposes. As such we need to comply with these regulations. -
The University of Hull TAKING the WAR to SCOTLAND and FRANCE
The University Of Hull TAKING THE WAR TO SCOTLAND AND FRANCE: THE SUPPLY AND TRANSPORTATION OF ENGLISH ARMIES BY SEA, 1320-60 BEING A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Craig Lee Lambert (B.A., M.A) March, 2009 CONTENTS Tables ii Abbreviations iii 1. INTRODUCTION 2. SOURCES PROCEDURES AND RAISING A FLEET 13 Raising a Reel 31 The Return Passage 51 3. THE SUPPLY OF ARMIES AND GARRISSONS BY SEA 58 Logistics and Preparations for War: an Overview of Procedures 58 The Campaign of 1322 76 The 1327 Weardale Campaign 87 The Siege of Berwick and the Battle of Halidon Hill 98 The 1334-5 Roxburgh Campaign 106 The Great Offensive, 1335 111 The 1336 Campaign 119 Victual, Ships and Supplies, 1337-1360 127 The Supply of Armies in France, 1324-1346 141 4. THE TRANSPORTATION OF ENGLISH ARMIES TO FRANCE, 1324-60 The Saint Sardos War, 1324-25 158 The Low Countries Transport Fleets of 1338 and 1340 168 The Brittany Transport Fleet, 1342-43 181 The Crecy Transport Fleet and the Siege of Calais 193 The Reims Reet, 1359 215 'Micro Reels' Diplomatic, Seneschal and Lieutenant Reels 223 5. MARITIME RESOURCES AND THE KINGS WAR 239 Methodologies and the Service of Shipmasters 279 6. CONCLUSION 299 7. BIBLIOGRAPHY 303 11 TABLES 1. Table 3.1 Total Quantities of Victuals Shipped to Scotland, 1322-1360 140 2. Table 3.2 Total Number of Ships Operating in Scotland, 1322-1360 141 3. Table 3.3 Total Quantities of Victuals Shipped to the Continent 155 4. Table 4.1 Numbers of Ships Involved in Transport Fleets, 1324-1360 238 5. -
Ports, Piracy and Maritime War Medieval Law and Its Practice
Ports, Piracy and Maritime War Medieval Law and Its Practice Edited by John Hudson (St Andrews) Editorial Board Paul Brand (All Souls College, Oxford) Dirk Heirbaut (Ghent) Richard Helmholz (Chicago) Caroline Humfress (Birkbeck, London) Magnus Ryan (Cambridge) Stephen White (Emory) VOLUME 15 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/mlip Ports, Piracy, and Maritime War Piracy in the English Channel and the Atlantic, c. 1280–c. 1330 By Thomas K. Heebøll-Holm LEIDEN •• BOSTON 2013 This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC License at the time of publication, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched (KU). KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality content Open Access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org. Cover illustrations: The Battle of Sandwich, 1217. Matthew Paris, Historia Maior (CCC MS 16, f. 52r.) With kind permission of the Parker Library, Corpus Christi College. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heebøll-Holm, Thomas K. Ports, piracy, and maritime war : piracy in the English Channel and the Atlantic, c. 1280– c. 1330 / by Thomas K. Heebøll-Holm. pages cm. — (Medieval law and its practice ; volume 15) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-23570-0 (hbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-90-04-24816-8 (e-book) 1. -
English Armies in the Early Stages of the Hundred
Notes and Documents English Armies in the Early Stages ofthe Hundred Years War: a Scheme in 13 4 I ALTHOUGH E�GLISH RF.CORDS from the )ate thirteenth century contain a remarkable amount of detail on the recruitment and organization of armies, evidence of the initial planning stage is surprisingly rare. A series of estimates of the size of armies, their probable cost and their victualling requirements, dating from between 1327 and 1340, survives to illuminate French preparations for war.1 The only comparable English text to have been studied in detail is a scheme for a small contract anny to fight in Scotland in 1337-2 There is, however, one document which sets out arrangements for recruiting and financing a major royal expedition; although its existence has been noted, it has not been securely dated, and its full implications for Edward III's intl"ntions at an important turning-point in the war have not been properly appreciated. This scheme for an English npedition overseas, to be led by the king, was probably drawn up for discussion by the council. It is unfortunately not in sufficiently good condition to provide a full transcript: a summaryof its contents is provided in the appendix, below. It sets out the forces to be provided by the royal household, and gives details of the retinues of various magnates. The costs of the army, with those of the Heet needed to transport it, are carefully worked out for a forty-day period, and a method of meeting the bill out of the proceeds of a levy of wool b outlined. -
A Guest Episode from Stephen Guerra
99a Stephen Guerra The Avignon Papacy The Story of the early 14th Century papacy and their exile in Avignon - a guest episode from Stephen Guerra The Papal palace in Avignon France Among the popes who resided in Avignon, subsequent Catholic historiography grants legitimacy to these: • Pope Clement V: 1305–1314 (curia moved to Avignon March 9, 1309) (1) • Pope John XXII: 1316–1334 (2) • Pope Benedict XII: 1334–1342 (3) • Pope Clement VI: 1342–1352 (4) • Pope Innocent VI: 1352–1362 (5) • Pope Urban V: 1362–1370 (in Rome 1367-1370; returned to Avignon 1370) (6) • Pope Gregory XI: 1370–1378 (left Avignon to return to Rome on September 13, 1376) (7) The two Avignon-based antipopes were: • Clement VII: 1378–1394 • Benedict XIII: 1394–1423 (expelled from Avignon in 1403) Benedict XIII was succeeded by three antipopes, who had little or no public following, and were not resident at Avignon: • Clement VIII: 1423–1429 (recognized in the Kingdom of Aragon; abdicated) • Benedict XIV (Bernard Garnier): 1424–1429 or 1430 • Benedict XIV (Jean Carrier): 1430?–1437 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The Avignon Popes The Council of Constance 100 Theatres of War This week, a bit of a scene setter; Edward and the development of consent from the commons in his parliaments, the theatres of the 100 years war ahead - and the revolt in Flanders led by Artevelde Edward and Parliament Edward does not have the reputation of Edward I as a man with a constitutional mission. To my mind, he may deserve the accolade more. By the end of his reign parliament's role and structure had changed, and had become much more settled.