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Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric for Vehicles Systems Transportation Intelligent • João Carlos Amaro Ferreira Amaro Carlos João • Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric Vehicles Edited by João Carlos Amaro Ferreira Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Energies www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric Vehicles Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric Vehicles Editor Jo˜ao Carlos Amaro Ferreira MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editor Joao˜ Carlos Amaro Ferreira ISCTE-IUL Portugal Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Energies (ISSN 1996-1073) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies/special issues/ Intelligent Systems Electric Vehicles). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03943-048-2 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03943-049-9 (PDF) c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Editor .............................................. vii Preface to ”Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric Vehicles” ............... ix Vitor Monteiro, Jose A. Afonso, Joao C. Ferreira and Joao L. Afonso Vehicle Electrification: New Challenges and Opportunities for Smart Grids Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 118, doi:10.3390/en12010118 .................... 1 Bruno Canizes, Jo˜ao Soares, Zita Vale and Juan M. Corchado Optimal Distribution Grid Operation Using DLMP-Based Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure in a Smart City Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 686, doi:10.3390/en12040686 .................... 21 Wangyi Mo, Chao Yang, Xin Chen, Kangjie Lin and Shuaiqi Duan Optimal Charging Navigation Strategy Design for Rapid Charging Electric Vehicles Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 962, doi:10.3390/en12060962 .................... 61 Bruno Canizes, Jo˜ao Soares, Angelo Costa, Tiago Pinto, Fernando Lezama, Paulo Novais and Zita Vale Electric Vehicles’ User Charging Behaviour Simulator for a Smart City Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 1470, doi:10.3390/en12081470 ................... 79 Gon¸calo Alface, Jo˜ao C. Ferreira and Ruben ´ Pereira Electric Vehicle Charging Process and Parking Guidance App Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 2123, doi:10.3390/en12112123 ................... 99 Jose P. Martins, Joao C. Ferreira, Vitor Monteiro, Jose A. Afonso and Joao L. Afonso IoT and Blockchain Paradigms for EV Charging System Reprinted from: Energies 2019, 12, 2987, doi:10.3390/en12152987 ...................115 Vitor Monteiro, Jose A. Afonso, Joao C. Ferreira and Joao L. Afonso Developing an On-Road Object Detection System Using Monovision and Radar Fusion Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 116, doi:10.3390/en13010116 ....................141 Bogdan Ovidiu Varga, Florin Mariasiu, Cristian Daniel Miclea, Ioan Szabo, Anamaria Andreea Sirca and Vlad Nicolae Direct and Indirect Environmental Aspects of an Electric Bus Fleet under Service Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 336, doi:10.3390/en13020336 ....................159 Longda Wang, Xingcheng Wang, Zhao Sheng and Senkui Lu Multi-Objective Shark Smell Optimization Algorithm Using Incorporated Composite Angle Cosine for Automatic Train Operation Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 714, doi:10.3390/en13030714 ....................171 Dimitrios Rizopoulos and Domokos Eszterg´ar-Kiss A Method for the Optimization of Daily Activity Chains Including Electric Vehicles Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 906, doi:10.3390/en13040906 ....................197 Fabio Cazzato, Marco Di Clerico, Maria Carmen Falvo, Simone Ferrero and Marco Vivian New Dispatching Paradigm in Power Systems Including EV Charging Stations and Dispersed Generation: A Real Test Case Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 944, doi:10.3390/en13040944 ....................219 v Lingshu Zhong and Mingyang Pei Optimal Design for a Shared Swap Charging System Considering the Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Rate Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 1213, doi:10.3390/en13051213 ...................233 Ziwei Liang, Daniel Merced, Mojtaba Jalalpour and Hua Bai Deployment of a Bidirectional MW-Level Electric-Vehicle Extreme Fast Charging Station Enabled by High-Voltage SiC and Intelligent Control Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 1840, doi:10.3390/en13071840 ...................249 Qiwei Xu, Jianshu Huang, Yue Han, Yun Yang and Lingyan Luo A Study on Electric Vehicles Participating in the Load Regulation of Urban Complexes Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 2939, doi:10.3390/en13112939 ...................269 Fengqi Zhang, Lihua Wang, Serdar Coskun, Hui Pang, Yahui Cui and Junqiang Xi Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Review, Classification, Comparison, and Outlook Reprinted from: Energies 2020, 13, 3352, doi:10.3390/en13133352 ...................293 vi About the Editor Jo˜ao C. Ferreira is an Assistant Professor, with habilitation, from ISCTE-IUL in Lisbon, Portugal. He graduated in Physics at the Technical University of Lisbon (UTL/IST), Portugal, received an MSC in Telecommunication and a PhD degree in Computer Science Engineering from UTL/IST and a second PhD in Industrial Engineering from Minho University. His professional and research interests are in data science, text mining, IoT, AI, intelligent transportation systems (ITS), blockchain, network security, and electric vehicles. He has authored over 200 scientific papers in different areas of computer science and served as general chair of several international conferences such, as OAIR 2013, INTSYS18, INTSYS19, INTSYS20. He has received five best paper awards at conferences. Recently, he has served as an expert/reviewer for several top scientific journals with more than 150 revisions. He participates in the evaluation process of more than 20 projects, such as EU Commission, ANI (Agenciaˆ Nacional de Inovac¸ao)˜ and FCT (Portuguese agency that supports science, technology, and innovation). He participates in more than 30 EU projects (FP7/H2020 and PT2020), in six of as PI. Since 2015, he has been an IEEE senior member. He has served as a Guest Editor and Topic Editor in MDPI for Energies, Electronics, and Sensors and been the editor of three books. He was previously a CIS chapter president (2017–2018) and the Coordinator of the Master in Decision Support Systems (MSIAD), and summer school of smart cities and winter school IoT and blockchain in 2019 and 2020. He has one patent in edge computing for a vessel monitor system. His current projects include H2020 Infrastress, Sparta, ENSUREC and MARISA, Interreg Block4Coop, PT2020 Monitoric¸ao persistente Pista and Digital Demo. vii Preface to ”Intelligent Transportation Systems for Electric Vehicles” We are delighted to announce that the Special Issue of Energies on “Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for Electric Vehicles (EV)” received 25 submissions of which 14 from Asia, Europe, and America have been selected. In less than a year, 30 citations have already been achieved. Published work reflects major investigation topics from the charging process, regulation of urban complexes, a real case study on EV charging on a condo, EV charging stations and dispersed generation, parking guidance, and change of user behavior in the city. Two other papers cover the topics “Vehicle Electrification: New Challenges and Opportunities for Smart Grids” and “Optimal Charging Navigation Strategy Design for Rapid Charging Electric Vehicles”. Another paper explores train operation and bus fleets. The other published papers are as follows: “Vehicle Extreme Fast Charging Station”; “Optimal Design for a Shared Swap Charging System Considering the Electric Vehicle Battery Charging Rate”; “A Method for the Optimization of Daily Activity Chains Including Electric Vehicles and On-Road Object Detection System Using Monovision and Radar Fusion”; “Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Review, Classification, Comparison, and Outlook”. The EV and charging station (CS) markets have been growing exponentially, and a forecast from the International Energy Agency estimates an increase of EV sales from the current 3 million to 125 million by 2030. The CS market is growing by 40% a year and is currently worth $300 billion. Electromobility and ITS are essential components in decarbonizing road transportation and play an essential role in the mobility process of smart cities. ITS also play an essential role in this transformation, owing to the flexibility of the EV charging process and EV operation, which operates as an energy storage device; it also helps to facilitate the market penetration of renewable energy resources. We would like to thank the extensive list of external reviewers from several areas of expertise and from numerous countries around the world and the editor Addison Su, who initiated this topic and provided support during the entire process.

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