Jharquettc (Eouttig Historical Jiociciyj (Incorporated) ^Marquette, Iricfftgan the HACKLEY PUBLIC LIBRARY
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(telescope 2 5 0 VOL.4 MARCH 1955 N0.3 MEET A FEW OF OUR FRIENDS FROM FAMILIAR SCENES AND FAR PLACES ,1V. JRemcrrial pulwtlj Qfljilhren’s .Mnsemn mtfr IVri Of enter H L Q v m d f o t f r f J HIBUC LIBRBRV j f c . National Maritime Museum, ^ Greenwich, S.E.10. G rand Rapid* 2, Michigan NEDERLANDSCH HISTORISCH THE MARINERS MUSEUM SCHEEPVAART MUSEUM De Lairesse- hoek Corn. Sckuytstraat NEWPORT NEWS, VIRGINIA Si M "XSSs^ Amsterdam Z. JHarquettc (Eouttig historical jiociciyj (incorporated) ^Marquette, iRicfftgan THE HACKLEY PUBLIC LIBRARY FORT ST. JOSEPH HISTORICAL N,LES’ ASSOCIATION m.ch.gan^ q P e n o b s c o t M a r i n e M u s e u m t&lf* fork $ttbUc fitorarg SEARSPORT. MAINE ACQUISITION DIVISION F i f t h A v e n u e Of +2 n d St r e e t ^ ^ N e w Y ork 18, N . Y. \ BUFFALO HISTORICAL SOCIETY, Delaware Park, The Steamship Historical Society of America Inc. BUFFALO 7, N. Y. Return to A. J.Quayat ________ Juan Carlos Gomez 1492 M u ^ Montevideo,Uruguay ojf i U STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY Q 'leat JlaJzeA cM utasucal S ociety 816 State Street m2 north main street Madison 6, Wisconsin Vermilion Ohio THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO LONDON . CANADA MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY NAUTICAL RESEARCH GUILD HOUGHTON. MICHIGAN 2 J.F,# Johnston Q t i t a t a p t R. H. Davison, PUBLISHED BY Editor: Associate Editor G r e a t L a k e s M o d e l S hipbuilders ' G u il d BELLE ISLE DETROIT 7, MICHIGAN Supported in part by the Detroit Historical Society. EDITORIAL This month brings us around to fitting out time again in the Museum of Great Lakes History. In spite of the overcrowding that has prevailed for a year or two we will somehow manage to work in some new exhibits and make some improvements that have been very much needed. During the coming summer motive power will be given more attention than has in the past been possible, due to the scarcity of satisfactory materials. In fact we can use several more items such as models of any types of marine engines, steam or internal combustion.If you have, or know of any, please let us know about them.There is a great story there, and we believe you will enjoy taking a part in its presentation in model form or in pictures, draw ings, etc. At this writing it appears that we will be able to display four engines and one model of an engine. Hot many, perhaps, but when we started in 19^9 we had no scale models of ships, and look what we have now, with more coming in each year. Do you know where we can locate the working drawings from which we can build models of engines that were used in Lakes steamers of a hundred years or more ago? Let us know of any that have come to your attention. We need them. To Mr.Victor F.Lemmer, of Ironwood,Michigan, go our thanks for the story of the Indian dugout canoe. To those among our readers who wish to send in to TELESCOPE some item which may meet our needs, and who are uncertain about what to send,and how much, we sayuHere is a very good exampleM. His contribu tion is one of the nicest things that has come our way in a good while. It is news of the kind which becomes history. For our longer features Mr.A.J.Zuehlke’s story on the Lake Michigan car ferries is another perfect example, and serves to remind our readers that without our naval architects, our marine engineers, and our ship builders, there would not be any Great Lakes maritime history as we know it. THE GUILD ORGANIZED IN 1952 TO LOCATE, ACQUIRE. AND PRESERVE INFORMATION AND OBJECTS RELATED TO THE HISTORY OF SHIPPING ON THE GREAT LAKES AND TO MAKE SAME AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC THROUGH THE MUSEUM OF GREAT LAKES HISTORY AND THE COLUMNS OF TELESCOPE. THE CONSTRUCTION OF AUTHENTIC SCALE MODELS OF GREAT LAKES SHIPS IS ONE OF THE PRIME OBJECTIVES OF THE ORGANIZATION. WHICH HAS BROUGHT INTO BEING THE LARGEST EXISTING COLLECTION OF MODELS OF THESE SHIPS. THE MUSEUM OF GREAT LAKES HISTORY. LOCATED ON THE SHORE OF BELLE ISLE, IN DETROIT. IS OFFICIAL HEADQUARTERS FOR THE ORGANIZATION AND THE REPOSITORY OF ALL OF ITS HOLDINGS. THE GUILD IS INCORPORATED AS AN ORGANIZATION FOR NO PROFIT UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN. NO MEMBER RECEIVES ANY COMPENSATION FOR HIS SERVICES. DONATIONS TO THE GUILD ARE DEDUCTIBLE FOR TAX INCOME PURPOSES. OFFICERS Robert H.Davison ..President. John F.Miller,••.Vice President. Joseph E.Johnston,Sec-Treas. DIRECTORS Robert L.Ruhl,.. Detroit. Walter Massey,..LaSalle,Ontario* John K.Helgesen, Detroit. Leo M.Flagler,..Windsor,Ontario. Frank Slyker, East Detroit. Donn Chown,............. Detroit. DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN OF LAKE MICHIGAN CAR FERRIES PART I. BY A.J.ZUEHLKE, N.A. This is a paper presented at the October 1st, 19^8 Meeting of the Great Lakes Section, Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, at Man itowoc, Wisconsin. Subsequent developments will be treated later. All photographs from the collection of Wm.A.McDonald,Detroit. Railway car ferries operate not only in numerous parts of the United hazardous undertaking. States but also in many foreign coun However, after finally obtaining the tries, Probably the first railway necessary backing, he secured the car ferry originated in Scotland in services of Mr. F. E. Kirby for de l81;9, where a side-wheel Steamer 167 signs and awarded the contract to feet long carried trains across the build the Ann Arbor No. 1 to Captain Firth of Forth. Since that time trans Craig’s s’hipyards at Toledo, Ohio. portation o f railway cars over The completion of the Ann Arbor No. rivers, lakes, and oceans has pre 1 did not end Governor Ashley’s dominantly taken place in England, difficulties as he was unable to France, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, find shippers who were willing to Italy, India, Africa, South America, trust their freight to the hazards China and Japan. The first car ferry of crossing Lake Michigan by boat. service in the United States took Finally, by bringing pressure on the place on the Susquehanna River in coal company from which the railroad 1855, and shortly after terminal purchased its fuel, he was able to transfer of railway cars by barges route four carloads of coal via the or car-floaty started in harbors of Ann Arbor Railroad and car ferry New York and other Eastern cities. from Frankfort, Michigan, to the Railway car ferrying started on the port of Kewaunee. On Saturday after Great Lakes at the close of the 19th noon November 26, 1892, the first Century. Because of its special in car ferry, the Ann Arbor No. 1 (Fig. terest to this section of the society 2) steamed into Kewaunee, Wisconsin, this paper will deal solely with car which had been selected as the west ferries operating on Lake Michigan shore terminal of the Ann Arbor rail of the Great Lakes. road. On her return trip the Ann Lake Michigan, a body of water averag Arbor No. 1 carried twenty-two cars ing 70 miles in width and 360 miles loaded with flour from the Pillsbury in length, intersects all direct Mills in Minneapolis, destined for east to northwest rail routes, England, Ireland and Scotland. the only alternative all-rail track Quoting from The Engineer. January being around the south end of the 7, 1893: "The Ann Arbor No. I is pe lake through the badly congested culiar in that she is the first tri Chicago area (Fig. 1). In terms of ple screw boat in actual service in miles, one can appreciate the saving this country, she having one at the by the fact that the distance from bow and one upon each quarter. The Buffalo, N.Y., to Manitowoc, Wis . , bow is, as may be seen by the eng is about 700 miles by all rail and raving, designed to run up on an Ice 520 miles by rail and ferry routes. floe and break it by the weight of The usual time delays in switching the vessel, and to this end has a and transferring cars in and around very rank sheer extending down t o Chicago range from 12 hours to two the screw itself. The general dimen days or longer. Increased liability sions are as follows: length over of damage to cars or freight due to all, 267 ft.; beam, 52 ft. moulded, switching and terminal charges for and 18 1/2 ft., depth of hold. These transfer service are further impor vessels— there are two of them in tant factors which gave rise to the service— are extraordinarily strong development of the Lake Michigan car and heavy, as may be imagined when ferrying system. we state that the frames are solid It was in 1877 that Governor James on the bottom and for three feet ab M. Ashley originated the idea of ove and below the water line (Fig. ferrying cars across Lake Michigan 3). The bow is also solid and the by means of a self-propelled vessel. outside planking is 5 ” oak sheathed In the beginning, the capitalists of four feet above and below the water the country gave Governor Ashley line with 3 /l6 steel, the bow being credit for his boldness and orgina- similarly sheathed clear t o t h e lity but were not willing to stake keel.