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UNDERSTANDING CHINA a Diplomatic and Cultural Monograph of Fairleigh Dickinson University
UNDERSTANDING CHINA a Diplomatic and Cultural Monograph of Fairleigh Dickinson University by Amanuel Ajawin Ahmed Al-Muharraqi Talah Hamad Alyaqoobi Hamad Alzaabi Molor-Erdene Amarsanaa Baya Bensmail Lorena Gimenez Zina Ibrahem Haig Kuplian Jose Mendoza-Nasser Abdelghani Merabet Alice Mungwa Seddiq Rasuli Fabrizio Trezza Editor Ahmad Kamal Published by: Fairleigh Dickinson University 1000 River Road Teaneck, NJ 07666 USA April 2011 ISBN: 978-1-457-6945-7 The opinions expressed in this book are those of the authors alone, and should not be taken as necessarily reflecting the views of Fairleigh Dickinson University, or of any other institution or entity. © All rights reserved by the authors No part of the material in this book may be reproduced without due attribution to its specific author. THE AUTHORS Amanuel Ajawin is a diplomat from Sudan Ahmed Al-Muharraqi is a graduate student from Bahrain Talah Hamad Alyaqoobi is a diplomat from Oman Hamad Alzaabi a diplomat from the UAE Molor Amarsanaa is a graduate student from Mongolia Baya Bensmail is a graduate student from Algeria Lorena Gimenez is a diplomat from Venezuela Zina Ibrahem is a graduate student from Iraq Ahmad Kamal is a Senior Fellow at the United Nations Haig Kuplian is a graduate student from the United States Jose Mendoza-Nasser is a graduate student from Honduras Abdelghani Merabet is a graduate student from Algeria Alice Mungwa is a graduate student from Cameroon Seddiq Rasuli is a graduate student from Afghanistan Fabrizio Trezza is a graduate student from Italy INDEX OF -
On the Cusp of an Era
On the Cusp of an Era BIAL-18-srinivasan_CS2.indd i 16-3-2007 14:55:12 Brill’s Inner Asian Library Editors Nicola di Cosmo Devin Deweese Caroline Humphrey VOLUME 18 BIAL-18-srinivasan_CS2.indd ii 16-3-2007 14:55:12 On the Cusp of an Era Art in the Pre-Kuß§Öa World Edited by Doris Meth Srinivasan LEIDEN • BOSTON 2007 BIAL-18-srinivasan_CS2.indd iii 16-3-2007 14:55:13 On the cover: Lavender Flowers near Maimana. © Luke Powell This book is printed on acid-free paper. ISSN 1566-7162 ISBN 978 90 04 15451 3 © Copyright 2007 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands BIAL-18-srinivasan_CS2.indd iv 16-3-2007 14:55:13 CONTENTS Chapter One Pre-Kußà»a Art: A New Concept ................ 1 Doris Meth Srinivasan Chapter Two Pathways Between Gandhàra and North India during Second Century B.C.–Second Century A.D. ........................................................................ 29 Saifur Rahman Dar Chapter Three Passages to India: •aka and Kußà»a Migrations in Historical Contexts ....................................... -
Roman Building Materials, Construction Methods, and Architecture: the Dei Ntity of an Empire Michael Strickland Clemson University, [email protected]
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 8-2010 Roman Building Materials, Construction Methods, and Architecture: The deI ntity of an Empire Michael Strickland Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Strickland, Michael, "Roman Building Materials, Construction Methods, and Architecture: The deI ntity of an Empire" (2010). All Theses. 909. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/909 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ROMAN BUILDING MATERIALS, CONSTRUCTION METHODS, AND ARCHITECTURE: THE IDENTITY OF AN EMPIRE A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts History by Michael Harold Strickland August 2010 Accepted by: Dr. Pamela Mack, Committee Chair Dr. Alan Grubb Dr. Caroline Dunn i ABSTRACT Empires have been identified in various ways such as by the land area under their control, by their duration, their level of economic influence, or military might. The Roman Empire was not the world’s largest and its duration, although notable, was not extraordinary. Military power was necessary for conquering the area brought under the control of the Empire. However, for the Romans, the ability and capacity for construction is what identified and expressed the Empire when it began and identifies the Empire today. The materials used, construction techniques employed, and architectural styles for structures for government, entertainment, dwellings, bridges, and aqueducts will be discussed. -
The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans to 146 BC
The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans to 146 BC Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by: Jason Paul Wickham May 2014 To L.W. Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................ i List of Figures .......................................................................................................................... iii Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... v Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ vi Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 1 Capture, Captives and Commanders ...................................................................... 11 Terminology for Captives and Capture................................................................................ 11 Capture and Enslavement – Legality and Morality ............................................................ -
The Impact of Roman Imperium on the Administrative and Monetary Systems of the Provincia Asia (133 BC - AD 96)
‘Romanizing’ Asia: the impact of Roman imperium on the administrative and monetary systems of the Provincia Asia (133 BC - AD 96) by Lucia Francesca Carbone A Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2016 © 2016 Lucia Francesca Carbone All rights reserved Dissertation Abstract ‘Romanizing’ Asia: the impact of Roman imperium on the administrative and monetary systems of the Provincia Asia (133 BC - AD 96) Lucia Francesca Carbone The impact of Roman power on the pre-existing administrative and economic systems of the conquered provinces has been a significant issue of scholarly debate for decades. With the studies of D. Mattingly (MATTINGLY 2011) and C. Howgego (HOWGEGO 2005), attention has shifted from the idea of Romanization as a top-down phenomenon to a much more articulated process, which could be interpreted according the model proposed by GOSDEN 2004 of ‘middle ground imperialism’, in which the element of cultural interaction between the conquering power and the conquered populations was central and led to the creation of locally hybrid cultural forms. This dissertation analyzes the ways in which local cultures and identities interacted with Roman ones in the years between Attalus III’s testament and the end of the Flavian age. I chose to focus my research on these centuries as they include four key moments for the Provincia Asia: the moment of its institution in 129/6 BC with -
The Coptic Calendar
+ The Coptic Calendar 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………p. 1 2. The Ancient Egyptian Civil Calendar…………………………………………..p. 2 3. The Ancient Egyptian Sothic Calendar…………………………………………p. 6 4. The Alexandrian Calendar and the Julian Calendar…………………………..p. 7 5. The Gregorian Calendar…………………………………………………………p. 8 6. The Gregorian Calendar and the Date of Christmas…………………………..p. 9 7. The Easter Computus…………………………………………………………….p. 9 8. How to Find the Easter Date Using the Table…………………………………..p. 12 9. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………p. 14 1 1. Introduction: The Coptic Orthodox Church’s liturgical life is directed by its own calendar, and the Church has remained conservative to the present day with the dating of its fasts and feasts in accordance with this calendar. Many people notice and comment particularly on two feasts that are divergent from the modern (Western) Gregorian calendar, and these are Christmas and Easter. Also, on the basis of when Easter is celebrated during the year, the rest of the moveable days of the fasts and feasts of the Church are set (such as Feast of Pentecost and the Fast of the Apostles, for example). In this article, we will find out more about the calendar of the Coptic Orthodox Church, and learn about how and why it differs from the Gregorian calendar that is commonly uses in the modern world. This will help in understanding why there are different dates for Christmas, and explain the method of finding the date of Easter in the Coptic Church, which is known as the Easter Computus. © Bishoy K. R. Dawood, copticheritage.org Summer 2007 2 2. The Ancient Egyptian Civil Calendar: The ancient Egyptians contributed much to our contemporary methods of determining time. -
Reflection on Skin
Reflection on Skin Machiel van Soest Machiel van Soest Leipzig 2011 Reflection on Skin 00:01 00:02 00:03 00:0400:05 00:06 00:07 00:08 00:09 00:10 00:11 00:12 00:13 00:14 00:15 00:16 00:17 00:18 00:19 00:20 00:21 00:22 00:23 00:24 00:25 00:26 00:27 00:28 00:29 00:30 00:31 00:32 00:33 00:34 00:35 00:36 00:37 00:38 00:39 00:40 00:41 00:42 00:43 00:44 00:45 00:46 00:47 00:48 00:49 00:50 00:51 00:52 00:53 00:54 00:55 00:56 00:57 00:58 00:59 01:00 01:01 01:02 01:03 01:04 01:05 01:06 01:07 01:08 01:09 01:10 01:11 01:12 01:13 01:14 01:15 01:16 01:17 01:18 01:19 01:20 01:21 01:22 01:23 01:24 01:25 01:26 01:27 01:28 01:29 01:30 01:31 01:32 01:33 01:34 01:35 01:36 01:37 01:38 01:39 01:40 01:41 01:42 01:43 01:44 01:45 01:46 01:47 01:48 01:49 01:50 01:51 01:52 01:53 01:54 01:55 01:56 01:57 01:58 01:59 02:00 02:01 02:02 02:03 02:04 02:05 02:06 02:07 02:08 02:09 02:10 02:11 02:12 02:13 02:14 02:15 02:16 02:17 02:18 02:19 02:20 02:21 02:22 02:23 02:24 1 02:25 02:26 02:27 02:28 02:29 02:30 02:31 02:32 02:33 02:34 02:35 02:36 02:37 02:38 02:39 02:40 02:41 02:42 02:43 02:44 02:45 02:46 02:47 02:48 02:49 02:50 02:51 02:52 02:53 02:54 02:55 02:56 02:57 02:58 02:59 03:00 03:01 03:02 03:03 03:04 03:05 03:06 03:07 03:08 03:09 03:10 03:11 03:12 03:13 03:14 03:15 03:16 03:17 03:18 03:19 03:20 03:21 03:22 03:23 03:24 03:25 03:26 03:27 03:28 03:29 03:30 03:31 03:32 03:33 03:34 03:35 03:36 03:37 03:38 03:39 03:40 03:41 03:42 03:43 03:44 03:45 03:46 03:47 03:48 03:49 03:50 03:51 03:52 03:53 03:54 03:55 03:56 03:57 03:58 03:59 04:00 04:01 04:02 04:03 04:04 04:05 04:06 -
Beyond the Nile: Egypt and the Classical World March 27 to September 9, 2018 the J
Beyond the Nile: Egypt and the Classical World March 27 to September 9, 2018 The J. Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Center 9 9 1. Unknown 2. Unknown CONT CONT EXT_E EXT_E GYPT Sphinx of Pharaoh Amasis II, 570-526 BC GYPT Jar with Minoan Alterations, 3000-2613 BC Graywacke Porphyritic basalt Object: H: 90 × W: 60 × D: 128 cm, 900 kg (35 7/16 × Object: H: 16.5 × Diam: 23 cm, 0.0045 kg (6 1/2 × 9 23 5/8 × 50 3/8 in., 1984.14 lb.) 1/16 in., 0.01 lb.) Roma, Musei Capitolini Archaeological Museum of Herakleion, Crete EX.2018.4.100 HELLENIC MINISTRY OF CULTURE & SPORTS – ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECEIPTS FUND EX.2018.4.200 9 9 3. Unknown 4. Unknown CONT CONT EXT_E EXT_E GYPT Jar with Cartouches of Pharaoh Thutmose III, 1479-1425 GYPT Statuette of Amun-Re, 1550-900 BC BC Bronze Travertine Object: H: 9.9 × W: 2 × L: 20.3 cm, 0.0566 kg (3 7/8 × Object: H: 29.2 × Diam.: 19.3 cm, 0.0066 kg (11 1/2 × 7 1 3/16 × 8 in., 0.1248 lb.) 5/8 in., 0.0146 lb.) Archaeological Museum of Herakleion, Crete Archaeological Museum of Herakleion, Crete HELLENIC MINISTRY OF CULTURE & SPORTS – HELLENIC MINISTRY OF CULTURE & SPORTS – ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECEIPTS FUND ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECEIPTS FUND EX.2018.4.205 EX.2018.4.201 May 21, 2018 Page 1 of 32 Additional information about some of these works of art can be found by searching getty.edu at http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/ © 2018 J.