The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management
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White Paper The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management Balancing Central Control and Distributed Content Creation David Guenette and Bill Trippe March 2007 © 2007 Gilbane Group, Inc. All rights reserved. Executive Summary Web content management is a staple technology for thousands of enterprises—and for good reason. Every enterprise needs a basic web presence, and organizations of even modest size and complexity have multiple websites. These multiple sites likely span a range of purposes and needs, including supplier and distributor extranets, customer support websites, and corporate and departmental intranets. Every enterprise's needs will vary, of course, but the larger the organization, the greater the likelihood that the organization will have multiple internal and external websites. The abundance of websites results from sound business needs. Consider the need to work closely with suppliers, and how that requirement can be met by a content-rich and functional extranet. Human Resources is another likely arena, where the organization might want to provide benefit information through an interactive website. The examples abound, and the recent explosion of blogs and wikis has amplified the need. A key element in multiple website management is understanding who does what when it comes to website design, content creation, and the day-to-day efforts to keep the site or sites going. Can these users be productive and efficient? The matter of scale is another central question. Are there only one or two sites? Or is the enterprise in the position of having dozens or even hundreds of sites, and serving content to intranets, extranets, and portals, with new websites regularly demanded by the needs of the business? Multiple websites present challenges in many different typical workflows and processes. These include identifying and empowering the IT personnel who need to take the lead in web architecture to the line of business manager who must decide on the content and organization of the site and keep it up to date. Perhaps most significant are the needs of the content contributors. At the end of the day, they need easy-to-use tools that allow them to create content within the policies of the overall enterprise and the specific line of business. Given the strong demand for multiple websites and the potential costs and inefficiencies of building these out separately, there is a natural need for the right technology. At minimum, organizations need web content management technology that uses IT resources efficiently and supports centralized strategy and governance; at the same time, the technology must give site managers and contributors the means to create and manage the content quickly and easily. We see in Oracle’s multisite management solution the kind of technology that can address these challenging and critical business needs. 1 The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management Enterprise Content Management and Multi-site Management How does an enterprise best manage content, especially when there may be dozens or hundreds of different websites the enterprise needs? Obviously, there is no easy answer. For one thing, there are significant limits to the utility of the vocabulary that is brought to bear to describe how enterprises can better use information. For example, “Enterprise Content Management” (ECM) is a name for many different things. “Enterprise” refers to good-sized businesses, but there are huge differences between an operation made up of a number of departments and those that consist of divisions, conglomerations, or national or international subsidiaries. Within the context of ECM, “content” refers generally to the information such businesses generate and use. The specific is what is important. In practice content can range from product marketing material on a single customer- facing website, to a bewildering array of internal data and records, technical documentation, employee human resource information, and partner and supplier input that power the business processes of particular divisions or product lines. “Management,” if anything, is even more amorphous than “enterprise” or “content,” since different companies (and their various parts) have different content and differing requirements of the content, and hence, what to do with content components. The what, how, why and who of “managing” ranges widely from one part of an enterprise to another, never mind between different enterprises. Mix in questions about content output—internet, intranet, extranet, blog, wiki, or portal; localization, personalization, security, and compliance—and no one can really blame today’s content manager for the confusion he or she feels. Nonetheless, there are basic principles and best practices that can be described with a level of abstraction that can help content managers. In today’s enterprises, it is no longer a question whether automating content furthers productivity and improves operations, nor is there any doubt that the Internet is the foundation for this work. These days any and every business bigger than http://gilbane.com 2 The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management a mom ‘n pop shop knows that enterprise content management (ECM) is a necessity. And in almost every enterprise today, the content being created and delivered via the web goes through multiple sites within and outside the enterprise. By rough count—and not including “home-grown” applications—there are now over 200 content management platforms available1. Which one does an enterprise need? It is much better to start by asking: Who does what when it comes to the work of website design, content creation, and the day-to-day efforts to keep the site or sites going? The matter of scale is another central question. Are there only one or two sites, or is the enterprise in the position of having dozens or even hundreds of sites, and serving content to intranets, extranets, and portals, with new websites regularly demanded by the needs of the business, or new portals in which the enterprise is required to participate? The Multi-Site Management Challenge Even though companies spend many billions of dollars a year2 on buying and implementing web content management technology, challenges in managing business content remain all too real. For some enterprises that have embraced web content, the problem may still be one of too many contributors flooding a company’s multiple websites with incorrect, redundant, hidden, and inconsistently structured information. Even more enterprises face the “Webmaster bottleneck,” the slow deployment of the variety of Web-based content needed to serve the many audiences and needs of the business. While instituted to bring control to content structure and usefulness, this IT- heavy tactic creates its own problems of delays and higher IT costs. Furthermore, the “Webmaster bottleneck” can result in even more serious drawbacks for an enterprise. The original content creators— 1 Like market sizing, determining what is to be included in the list of content management software depends on who makes the selection using what definition. “More than 1000 products purport to manage Web content,” notes CMS Watch (January 3, 2007). 2 According to Gartner, Magic Quadrant for Enterprise Content Management, 2006 (October 2006): “Enterprise content management (ECM) was a $2.3 billion software market in 2005 (based on total software revenue) and has a forecast compound annual growth rate of 12.8% through 2010.” Such figures vary, of course, depending on who does the counting and the methodologies behind the market sizing, but all reports agree on the basic point that content management is a huge undertaking across significant market segments. http://gilbane.com 3 The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management Main Site Public Relations HR Partner Relations Executive Blog Foreign Subsidiary Figure 1. Enterprises have many websites these days for various external and internal audiences, and this only compounds the “Webmaster Bottleneck” problem. What is required is balancing the need for central control over corporate standards of design, security, and compliance with the need to control content by the line of business managers CORPORATE IT and their contributors. the “line of business” (LOB) people who carry out the essential day-to-day work of the business—lose flexibility, timeliness, and control of the very content for which they are responsible in presenting to customers, partners, and each other via the Internet, intranets, extranets, portals, and other devices. But minimizing the role of the Webmaster and related staff such as developers and graphic designers is not the same as doing away with the Webmaster and his or her crew. Smart multiple-site content management requires an ECM platform that addresses the needs and appropriate contributions of each IT and LOB member. http://gilbane.com 4 The Multi-Website Challenge in Enterprise Content Management Business Needs Define the Need for Multiple Websites The abundance of websites that companies are managing today result from sound and direct business needs. A main driver of multiple websites is that they are used to communicate to specific audiences. For any enterprise involved with complex markets and products, there are many types of audiences and many types of communication. Today’s enterprises use websites to deliver customer-oriented material such as fact sheets, sales brochures, newsletters, and catalogs, reducing or eliminating expensive