BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS
Compiled by: DONALD RICHARD NILSON
This bibliography brings together a large mass of works on the history and philosophy of quantum theory, the latter being emphasized. This emphasis on works concerned with the philosophy, rather than the his• tory, of quantum physics is not indicated by pride of place, but rather by sheer volume of entries. It goes almost without saying that the large body of writings relevant to the study of the history and philosophy of quantum theory is by no means exhausted by the present listing, which consists of almost a thousand entries. Furthermore, many of the articles and books mentioned here do not fit neatly into the topical categories that I have chosen to use. I have included a limited amount of cross-referencing in order to compensate for this fact In some cases, and for the above reason, I have duplicated a few entries (e.g., Blokhintsev [43] and Blokhintsev [266]). Another nonstandard device utilized in this work is intentional deviations from alphabetical order. In a few cases rather than ordering works in a strictly alphabetical fashion, I have clustered articles which are closely related to one another. Many of these form the now overly familiar constellation of article, reply, rejoinder, and so on It is hoped that this device will save, rather than cost, time on the user's part Works on the philosophy of quantum physics which did not fit well into any of the other classifications are grouped together at the end of the bibliography in category XVII. Now for some procedural matters: the abbreviations QM (for quantum mechanics) and QL (for quantum logic) are used throughout. The refer• ence numbers prefaced by the letter H indicate a work primarily on the history of quantum physics (e.g., Jammer [H-29]~ Other works are primarily of use in studying the philosophical foundations of QM. Finally, note that useful supplementary bibliographic material on the history of quantum theory may be found in Heilbron [H-9], a biblio• graphic essay; in Kuhn et aL [H-IO]; and in Jammer [H-29], a virtual gold mine of footnotes. Additional bibliographies on the philosophy of quantum physics (and, incidentally, works of great value to me in the
P. Suppes (ed.) , Logic and Probability in Quantum Mechanics, 457-520. All Rights Reserved Copyright © 1976 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht-Holland 458 BIBLIOGRAPHY preparation of this bibliography) may be found in Bunge [5]; DeWitt & Graham [143]; Hooker [15] and [180]; and Scheibe [97], which is especially valuable on German works on QM On quantum measure• ment, consult Reece [778]; and on QL also see Gudder [431]; Greechie & Gudder [525]; and Heelan [534].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am grateful to Professor Wesley C. Salmon, of the University of Ari• zona, for his encouragement and suggestions in the initial preparation of this bibliography. Without his continuing interest and support, I would not have undertaken the project. In addition, I am indebted to the following people for their much appreciated aid at various stages in the preparation of this work: Lu Burke, Rose Bode, David Pistolesi, James Kiersky, Brian Benson, Dennis Martin, and Diane Nilson.
Emory University BIBLIOGRAPHY 459
CONTENTS
HISTORY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS I. General and/or More Popularized Accounts of the Development of QT 460 II. Guides to Historical Source Material 460 III. The Old Quantum Theory and Its Background 460 IV. Quantum Mechanics 461
PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM THEORY 462 I. Philosophy and Physics 462 II. General Foundational and Philosophical Studies of Quantum Theory 464 III. Some Texts in Quantum Physics Relevant to Foundational Studies 468 IV. Anthologies with Writings on Quantum Theory 469 V. Interpretations ofQM 470 A. General 470 B. Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation 471 C. Complementarity 474 D. Statistical Interpretations 475 I. General 475 2. Margenau 476 3. Popper 476 4. Lande 477 E. Marxism and the Interpretation of QM 478 F. Phenomenology and the Interpretation ofQM 478 G. Process Philosophy and the Interpretation ofQM 479 H. Bohm, the Concept of Order, and the Interpretation of QM 479 I. Hidden-Variable Interpretations ofQM 480 J. The Many-Worlds Interpretation ofQM 480 K. Einstein on the Interpretation ofQM 481 L. The Einstein-Bohr Debate 481 VI. The Completeness Problem of QM 482 A. The E-P-R Paradox 482 B. Experiment and the E-P-R Paradox 484 C. Hidden Variables in QM 485 D. Experiments on Hidden Variable Theories 487 VII. Probability Theory and Quantum Theory 487 VIII. Quantum Logic 491 IX. Causality and Determinism in QM 500 X. Time and Energy in Quantum Physics 503 XI. The Observation and Measurement Problems of QM 503 A. The Observation Problem 503 B. The Measurement Problem 503 XII. 'Consciousness' and Quantum Theory 511 XIII. The Bearing of QM on the Question of Human Freedom 512 XIV. Axiomatic Foundations for QM 512 XV. The Uncertainty Relations 514 XVI. Faster-Than-Light Particles: The Question of Tachyons 515 XVII. Miscellaneous Topics in the Foundations ofQM 516 460 BIBLIOGRAPHY
HISTORY OF QUANTUM PHYSICS
I. GENERAL AND/OR MORE POPULARIZED ACCOUNTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTUM THEORY
[H-l] Boorse, H. A., and Matz, L. (eds.) The World of the Atom. 2 volumes. New York: Basic Books, 1966.
[H-2] Cline, B. Men Who Mack a New Physics: Physicists and the Quantum Theory. New York: New American Library, 1969. (Originally published by Crowell, New York, 1965, under the title The Questioners.)
[H-3] Crombie, A. C. (ed.) Turning Points in Physics. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1961.
[H-4] Cropper, W. The Quantum Physicists. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
[H-S] D'Abro, A. The Rise of the New Physics. New York: Dover, 1951.
[H-6] Guillemin, V. The Story of Quantum Mechanics. New York: Scribner's, 1968.
[H-7] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Beyond: Encounters and Conversations. New York: Harper & Row, 1971.
[H-8] Hund, F. The History of Quantum Theory. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1974.
II. GUIDES TO HISTORICAL SOURCE MATERIAL [H-9] Heilbron, J. 'Quantum Historiography and the Archive for History of Quantum Physics'. History of Science 7 (1968): 90-111. This is an excellent, short, source guide; it is a good supplement to, and is much more extensive than, the present bibliography. [H-IO] Kuhn, T. S., Heilbron, J. L., Forman, P., and Allen, L. Sources for the History of Quantum Physics: An Inventory and Repert. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1967. See also DeWitt & Graham [143], Part I.
III. THE OLD QUANTUM THEORY AND ITS BACKGROUND
[R-ll] Anderson, D. L. The Discovery of the Electron. Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1964.
[H-12] Bohr, N. On the Constitution of Atoms and Molecules: Papers of 1913 Reprinted from the Philosophical Magazine (Introduction by L. Rosenfeld). Copenhagen: Munksgaard,1963.
[H-l3] Heilbron, J. L. 'A History of the Problem of Atomic Structure from the Discovery of the Electron to the Beginnings of Quantum Mechanics'. UnpUblished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, 1964. BIBLIOGRAPHY 461
[H-14] Heilbron, J. L. 'The Scattering ofoc andf3 Particles and Rutherford's Atom'. Archive for the History of Exact Science 4 (1967): 247-307.
[H-15] Heilbron, J. L. The Kossel-Sommerfeld Theory and the Ring Atom'. Isis 58 (1967): 451-485.
[H-16] Heilbron, J. L., and Kuhn, T. S. 'The Genesis of the Bohr Atom'. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 (1969): 211-290.
[H-17] Hermann, A. The Genesis of Quantwn Theory: (1899-1913). Cambridge: M.LT. Press, 1971.
[H-18] Hirosige, T., and Nixio, S. 'Formation of Bohr's Theory of Atomic Constitution'. Japanese Studies in the History of Science 3 (1964): 6-28.
[H-19] Klein, M. J. 'Max Planck and the Beginnings of Quantum Theory'. Archivefor the History of Exact Science 1 (1962): 459-479.
[H-20] Klein, M. J. Thermodynamics in Einstein's Thought'. Science 157 (1967): 509-516.
[H-21] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein, Specific Heats, and the Early Quantum Theory'. Science 148 (1965): 173-180.
[H-22] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein's First Paper on Quanta'. The Natural Philosopher 2 (1963): 57-86.
[H-23] Klein, M. J. 'Einstein and Wave-Particle Duality'. The Natural Philosopher 3 (1964): 3-49.
[H-24] Reiche, F. The Quantwn Theory. New York: Dutton, 1930. (First edition, in Ger• man, was published 1922.)
[H-25] Rosenfeld, L., 'La premiere phase de l'evolution de la theorie des quanta'. Osiris 2 (1936): 149-196.
[H-26] Sommerfeld, A. Atombau und Spektrallinien. Braunschweig, 1919. (English trans• lation of third edition: London, 1923.)
[H-27] Ter Haar, D. (ed.) The Old Quantwn Theory. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1967. Con• tains an essay by the editor on the development of the older quantum theory and also collects a few of the early papers of Planck, Rutherford, Bohr, and others.
[H-28] Thomson, G. 'The Septuagenarian Electron'. Physics Today 20 (1967): 55-61.
IV. QUANTUM MECHANICS
[H-29] Jammer, M. The Conceptual Development of Quantwn Mechanics. New York: McGraw Hill, 1966. This is the best extended account of the history of quantum 462 BIBLIOGRAPHY
physics published to date; it contains a wealth of references to original and secondary sources.
[H-30] Hanson, N. R. The Concept of the Positron. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.
[H-31] Ludwig, G. (ed.) Wave Mechanics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1968.
[H-32] Przibram, K. (ed.) Letters on Wave Mechanics. N.Y.: Philosophical Library, 1967.
[H-33] Raman, V. V., and Forman, P. 'Why Was It Schrodinger Who Developed de Broglie's Ideas?' Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 1 (1969): 24IT.
[H-34] Scott, W. T. E. Schrodinger: An Introduction to His Writings. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1967.
[H-35] Van der Waerden, B. L. (ed.) Sources of QM. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1967. (Also in Dover paperback.) This is a collection of original sources with an historical introduction by the editor. Part I is on the older quantum theory; Part II concen• trates on quantum mechanics, mostly matrix mechanics (for a collection of papers on wave mechanics, see Ludwig [H-31]).
[H-36] Weiner, C. '1932 - Moving into the New Physics'. Physics Today 25 (1972): 4()..49.
[H-37] Whittacker, E. T. A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity, Vol. 2. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1960. Also consult: Tomonga [120]; Meyer-Abich [183]; De Broglie [51]; Jammer [68]; Heisen• berg [147]; and Strauss [34].
PHILOSOPHY OF QUANTUM THEORY
I. PHILOSOPHY AND PHYSICS
[1] Beth, E. W. 'Towards an Up-to-date Philosophy of Natural Science'. Methodos 1 (1949): 178-185.
[2] Beth, E. W. 'Semantics of Physical Theories'. Synthese 12 (1960): 172-175.
[3] Born, M. 'The Concept of Reality in Physics'. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 14 (1958): 313 IT.
[4] Buchel, W. Philosophische Probleme der Physik. Freiburg: Herder, 1965.
[5] Bunge, M. Foundations of Physics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.
[6] Bunge, M. 'Philosophy and Physics'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy: A Survey, Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968. BIBLIOGRAPHY 463
[7] Bunge, M. 'What Are Physical Theories About?' In N. Rescher (ed.), Studies in the Philosophy of Science (American Philosophical Quarterly Monograph No.3). Ox• ford: Blackwell, 1969. Pp. 61-99.
[8] Bunge, M. Philosophy of Physics. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1973.
[9] Carnap, R. Philosophical Foundations of Physics. New York: Basic Books, 1966.
[10] D'Espagnat, B. Conceptions de fa physique contemporaine. Paris: Hermann, 1965.
[11] Destouches-Fevrier, P. La structure des theories physiques. Paris: Presse Universi• taire de France, 1951.
[12] Destouches, J. L., and Fevrier, P. 'Remarques sur certains aspects formels des theories physiques'. In Le raisonnement en mathematiques et en sciences experi• mentales, Colloques internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Paris: Chatelet, 1958.
[13] Einstein, A. 'Physics and Reality'. Journal ofthe Franklin Institute 221 (1936): 349-382.
[14] Hesse, M. B. Forces and Fields. London: Nelson, 1961.
[15] Hooker, C. 'Metaphysics and Modem Physics: A Prolegomena to the Under• standing of Quantum Theory'. In Hooker [129].
[16] Hooker, C. 'Systematic Realism'. Synthese 26 (1974): 409-497. (See correction: Synthese 27 (1974): 535-536.)
[17] Ludwig, G. EinjUhrung in die Grundlagen der Theoretischen Physik. Band I: Raum, Zeit, Mechanik; Band 2: Elektrodynamik, Zeit, Raum, Kosmos. Bertelsmann Universitiits-Verlag, 1974.
[18] MacKinnon~ E. 'Atomic Physics and Reality'. The Modern Schoolman 38 (1960): 37-59. Also in MacKinnon [19].
[19] MacKinnon, E. (ed.) The Problem of Scientific Realism. New York: Appleton• Century-Crofts, 1972.
[20] Maxwell, G. 'The Ontological Status of Theoretical Entities'. In H. Feigl and G. Maxwell (eds.), Minnesota Studies in Philosophy of Science, Vol. 3. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1962.
[21] Margenau, H. The Nature of Physical Reality. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1950.
[22] Mehlberg, H. Time, Causality and the Quantum: Studies in the Philosophy of Science. (Forthcoming, D. Reidel.)
[23] Mehlberg, H. 'The Problem of Physical Reality in Contemporary Science'. In Bunge [123]. 464 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[24] Mittelstaedt. P. Philosophische Probleme der modernen Physik. Mannheim: Biblio• graphisches Institut, 1968. (English translation forthcoming, D. Reidel.)
[25] Pauli, W. 'Phiinomen und physikalische Realitiit.' Dialectica 11 (1957): 36-48.
[26] Popper, K. Physics and Philosophy. (Forthcoming, Oxford University Press.)
[27] Popper, K. R. The Logic oj Scientific Discovery. London: Hutchinson, 1959.
[28] Putnam, H. 'Philosophy of Physics'. In F. H. Donnell, Jr. (ed.), Aspects oj Contem• porary American Philosophy. Wiirzburg-Wien: Physica-Verlag, 1965.
[29] Reichenbach, H. Experience and Prediction. Chicago: University Press, 1938.
[30] Reichenbach,H. 'Philosophy and Physics'. In Faculty Research Lectures-University oj California, No. 19. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1946.
[31] Scheibe, E. Die Kontingenten Aussagen in der Physik. Frankfort and Bonn, 1964.
[32] Schilpp, P. A. (ed.) The Philosophy oj Karl Popper. 2 volumes. La Salle, Ill.: Open Court, 1974.
[33] Sneed, J. D. The Logical Structure ojMathematical Physics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1,971.
[34] Strauss, M. Modem Physics and Its Philosophy. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1972.
[35] Suppe, F. (ed.) The Structure oj Scientific Theories. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1974.
[36] Suppes, P. Set Theoretical Structures in Science. Offprint, Institute for Mathematical Studies in the Social Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif., 1970.
[37] Toraldo di Francia, G. 'Induction in Physics'. Revista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 144-165.
[38] Van Fraassen, B. V. 'On the Extension of Beth's Semantics of Physical Theories'. Philosophy oj Science 37 (1970): 325-339.
[39] Von Weiziicker, C. F. Die Einheit der Natur. Miinchen: Carl Hanser Verlag, 1971.
[40] Weyl, H. Philosophy oj Mathematics and Natural Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949.
II. GENERAL FOUNDATIONAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES OF QUANTUM THEORY
[41] Audi, M. The Interpretation oJQuantum Mechanics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974. BIBLIOGRAPHY 465
[42] Bergstein, T. Quantwn Physics and Ordinary Language. New York: Humanities Press, 1973.
[43] Blokhintsev, D. 1. The Philosophy of Quantwn Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1968.
[44] Bub, J. 'Review of Blokhintsev's The Philosophy of QM.' Philosophy of Science 37 (1970): 153-156.
[45] Blokhintsev, D. I. Space and Time in the Microworld. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.
[46] Bohm, D. Causality and Chance in Modern Physics. New York: Harper & Row Torchbook, 1961.
[47] Bub, J. The Interpretation of Quantwn Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.
[48] Buchel, W. 'Quantenphysik und Kritischer Realismus'. Philosophia Naturalis-5 (1958): 3-54.
[49] Bunge, M. 'Quanta and Philosophy'. Proceedings of the Seventh Inter-American Congress of Philosophy (1967): 1-18.
[50] Bunge, M. 'A Philosophical Obstacle to the Rise of New Theories in Microphysics'. In Bastin [122].
[51] De Broglie, L. New Perspectives in Physics. New York: Basic Books, 1962. (Especially Part II.)
[52] Cantore, E. Atomic Order: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Microphysics. Cam• bridge: M.1.T. Press, 1969.
[53] Datzeff, A. 'Sur I'interpretation de la mecanique quantique'. Comptes Rendues hebdomadaires de l'Academie des Sciences 246 (1958): 1502-1'505.
[54] D'Espagnat, B. Conceptual Foundations of QM. Menlo Park, Calif.: W. A. Benjamin, 1971.
[55] Destouches-Fevrier, P. L'interpretation physique de la mecanique ondulatoire et des theories quantiques. Paris : Gauthier-Villars, 1956.
[56] Elsasser, W. M. 'A Natural Philosophy of QM Based on Induction'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 117-137.
[57] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Problems of Microphysics'. In R. Colodny (ed.), Frontiers of Science and Philosophy. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1962.
[58] Fine, A. 1. 'Some Conceptual Problems of Quantum Theory'. In Colodny [125].
[59] Fock, V. 'Quantum Physics and Philosophical Problems'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1971): 293-306. 466 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[60] Giles, R. 'Foundations for QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 11 (1970): 2139- 2160.
[61] Hanson, N. R. 'Philosophical Implications of QM'. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy 7 (1967): 41-49.
[62] Harre, R. 'Philosophy and Quantum Physics'. Philosophy 25 (1960): 341ff.
[63] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Philosophy. New York: Harper & Row Torchbook, 1966.
[64] Hermann, G. 'Die Naturphilosophischen Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik'. Ab• handlungen der Friesschen Schule 6 (1937): 69-152.
[65] Horz, H. Atome. Kausalitiit. QuantensprUnge. Quantentheorie. Philosophischbetrach• tet. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1964.
[66] Hooker, C. 'The Metaphysics of Science: Atoms vs. Plena. International Logic Review. (Forthcoming. )
[67] Hiibner, K. 'Zur gegenwiirtigen philosophischen Diskussion der Quantenmechanik'. Philosophia Naturalis 9 (1965): 3--21.
[68] Jammer, M. The Philosophy of QM: The Interpretations of QM in Historical P~r spective. New York: Wiley, 1974.
[69] Jauch, J. M. Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1968.
[70] Jauch, J. M. 'Foundations of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[71] Jauch, J. M. Are Quanta Real? Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1973.
[72] Kemble, E. C. 'Operational Reasoning, Reality, and QM'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 225 (1938): 263-275.
[73] Krips, H. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory, I and II'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 18J-l94, 381-394.
[74] Lamb, W. E. 'An Operational Interpretation of Non-Relativistic QM'. Physics Today 22 (1969): 23-28.
[75] Lenzen, V. F. 'Concepts and Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 279-286
[76] Mackey, G. The Mathematical FoUndations of Quantum Mechanics. New York: Benjamin, 1963.
[77] MacKinnon, E. [19] 'Introduction': 3-71 (especially pp. 51-53). BIBLIOGRAPHY 467
(78) MacKinnon, E. 'Ontic Commitments of QM'. In Cohen and Wartofsky (eds.), Logical and Epistemological Studies in Contemporary Physics. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 13) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974. See also comments by J. Stachel.
(79) Margenau, H. 'Physics and Ontology'. Philosophy of Science 19 (1952): 342-345.
(80) Margenau, H. 'The Philosophical Legacy of the Quantum Theory'. In R. Colodny (ed.), Mind and Cosmos. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1966.
(81) Margenau, H., and Compton, J. 'Report on Recent Developments in the Philosophy of QM'. Synthese 8 (1950/51): 260-271.
(82) Margenau, H., and Park, J. 'Objectivity in Quantum Mechanics'. In Delaware Semi• nar in the Foundations of Physics, Vol. 1. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.
(83) Mehlberg, H. 'The Idealistic Interpretation of Atomic Physics'. Studio Philosophica 4 (1949/1950): 171-235.
(84) Mehra, J. 'The Quantum Principle: Its Interpretation and Epistemology'. Diolectica 27 (1973): 75-157.
(85) Miiller, A. Quantum Mechanics: A Physical World Picture. (International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy, Vol. 64.) Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.
[86] Petersen, A. Quantum Theory and the Philosophical Tradition. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1968.
[87] Piron, C. 'Survey of General Quantum Physics'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 287-314.
(88) Post, H. R. 'The Trouble with Quanta (Review of R. G. Colodny (ed.), Paradigms and Paradoxes),. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 277-282.
(89) Reichenbach, H. Philosophical Foundations of QuantUm Mechanics. Los Angeles and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1944 ..
(90) Nagel, E. 'Book Review: Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics by H. Reichenbach'. Journal of Philosophy 42 (1945): 437-444.
(91) Reichenbach, H. 'Reply to Ernest Nagel's Criticism of My Views on Quantum Mechanics'. Journal of Philosophy 43 (1946): 239-247.
(92) Nagel, E. 'Professor Reichenbach on Quantum Mechanics: A Rejoinder'. Journal of Philosophy 43 (1946): 247-250.
(93) Feyerabend, P. K. 'Review of Reichenbach Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics'. British Journalfor Philosophy of Science 17 (1966-67): 326--328. 468 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[94] Pauli, W. 'Reviewing Study of Hans Reichenbach's Philosophical Foundations of Quanrum Mechanics'. In R. Kronig and V. F. Weisskopf (eds.), Collected Scientific Papers, Vol. 2. New York: lnterscience Publishers, 1964.
[95] Turquette, A. R. 'Review of Reichenbach's Philosophical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophical Review 54 (1945): 513-516.
[96] Rubin, H. 'On the Foundations ofQM'. In L. Henkin, P. Suppes, and A. Tarski (eds.), The Axiomatic Method. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1959.
[97] Scheibe, E. 'Bibliographie zu Grundlagenfragen der Quantenmechanik'. Philosophia Natura/is 10 (1968): 249-290.
[98] Scheibe, E. The Logical Analysis of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.
[99] Shimony,A. 'Philosophical Comments on QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[100] Stein, H. 'On the Conceptual Structure of QM'. In Colodny [125].
[101] Van Fraassen, B. 'A Formal Approach to the Philosophy of Science'. In Colodny [125].
[102] Von Neumann, J. Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Translated by R. T. Beyer. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1955.
[103] Werkmeister, W. H. 'An Epistemological Basis for Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 17 (1950): 1-25.
[104] Wigner, E. 'The Subject of Our Discussions'. In D'Espagnat [126].
III. SOME TEXTS IN QUANTUM PHYSICS RELEVANT TO FOUNDATIONAL STUDIES
[105] Bohm, D. Quantum Theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1961.
[l06J Dirac, P. A. M. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1958.
[107] Eisenbud, L. The Conceptual Foundations of QM. Seattle: Monograph from a series produced by the Conference on the New Instructional Materials in Physics, Uni• versity of Washington, 1965.
[108] Fano, G. Mathematical Methods of Quantum Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971.
[109] Feynman, R. P. Lectures on Physics, Vol. 3. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1965.
[110] Gillespie, D. T. A Quantum Mechanics Primer. Scranton: International Textbook, 1970. BIBLIOGRAPHY 469
[Ill] Gottfried, K. Quantwn Mechanics. New York: Benjamin, 1966.
[112] Green, H. S. Matrix Methods in Quantwn Mechanics. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1965.
[113] Heisenberg, W. The Physical Principles of the Quantwn Theory. Translated by Eckart and Hoyt. New York: Dover Publications, 1949.
[114] Kampffer, F. A. Concepts ofQuantwn Mechanics. New York: Academic Press, 1965.
[115] Kemble, E. C. Fundamental Principles of Quantwn Mechanics. New York: McGraw• Hill, 1937.
[116] Ludwig, G. Die Grundlagen der Quanten-mechanik. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1954.
[117] Messiah, A. Quantwn Mechanics. 2 volumes. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1964.
[118] Prugovecki, E. QM in Hilbert Space. New York: Academic Press, 1971.
[119] Tolman, R. The Principles ofStatistical Mechanics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1938.
[120] Tomonaga, S. Quantwn Mechanics. 2 volumes. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1962.
[121] Van Kampen, N. G. 'Fundamental Problems in Statistical Mechanics of Irreversible Processes'. In E. G. D. Cohen (ed.), Fundamental Problems in Statistical Mechanics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1962.
IV. ANTHOLOGIES WITH WRITINGS ON QUANTUM THEORY
[122] Bastin, T. (ed.) Quantwn Theory and Beyond·: Essays and Discussions Arising from a Colloquium. Cambridge: University Press, 1971.
[123] Bunge, M. (ed.) Quantwn Theory and Reality. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1967.
[124] Caldirola, P. (ed.) Proceedings of the International School of Theoretical Physics 'Enrico Fermi': Ergodic Theories. New York: Academic Press, 1960.
[125] Colodny, R. (ed.) Paradigms and Paradoxes: The Philosophical Challenge of the Quantwn Domain. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1972.
[126] D'Espagnat, B. (ed.) Foundations of QM. Proceedings of the International School of Theoretical Physics 'Enrico Fermi' - Course 49. New York: Academic Press, 1972.
[127] Enz, C. P., and Mehra, J. (eds.) Physical Reality and Mathematical Description. (J. M. Jauch Festschrift) Dordrecht: Reidel, "974.
[128] Feigl, H., and Maxwell, G. (eds.) Current Issues in the Philosophy of Science. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston, 1961. ("Symposium on Philosophical Issues of Quantum Theory," pp. 349-445.) 470 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[129] Hooker, C. A. (ed.) Contemporary Research in the Foundations and Philosophy oj Quantum Theory. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.
[130] Korner, S. (ed.) Observation and Interpretation in the Philosophy oj Physics. New York: Dover Publications, 1962.
[131] Mehra, J. (ed.) The Physicist's Conception oj Nature. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.
[132] Schilpp, P. A. (ed.) Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist. 2 volumes. New York: Harper & Row Torchbooks, 1959.
[133] Toulmin, S. (ed.) Quanta and Reality. New York: Meridian Books, 1962.
[134] Toulmin, S. (ed.) Physical Reality. New York: Harper Torchbook, 1970.
[135] Wartofsky, M., and Cohen, R. S. (eds.) Logical and Epistemological Studies in Con• temporary Physics. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 13) Dordrecht: Reidel, 1974.
[136] Yourgrau, W., and van der Merwe (eds.) Perspectives in Quantum Theory. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1971.
V. INTERPRETATIONS OF QM
A. General [137] Born, M. 'The Interpretation of QM'. British Journal Jor Philosophy oj Science 4 (1953): 95-106.
[138] Born, M. Natural Philosophy oj Cause and Chance. New York: Dover Publications, 1964.
[139] Bub, J. 'Towards the Interpretation of QM'. (Unpublished.)
[140] Bunge, M. 'Survey of the Interpretations gfQuanturn Mechanics'. American Journal oj Physics 24 (1956): 272-286.
[141] De Broglie, L. The Current Interpretation oj Wave Mechanics, A Critical Study. New York: Elsevier, 1964.
[142] Destouches, J.-L. 'Sur l'interpretation physique des theories quantiques'. Journal de Physique et Ie Radium 13 (1952): 385-391.
[143] DeWitt, B. S., and Graham, R. N. 'Resource Letter IQM-l on the Interpretation of QM'. American Journal oj Physics 39 (1971): 725-738. This is an annotated bibliography on the foundations of Q M ; it is a useful supplement to the present bibliography. (I believe that it is still available as a reprint from: American Association of Physics Teachers, 1785 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036.) BIBLIOGRAPHY 471
[144] Dirac, P. A. M. 'The Physical Interpretation of the Quantum Dynamics'. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (A) 113 (1926): 621-641.
(145] Erlichson, H. 'Interpretation and Models in the Philosophy of QM'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Columbia University, 1968.
[146] Fock, W. A. 'Dber die Interpretation der Quantenmechanik'. In H. Ley (ed.), Philo• sophische Probleme der moderne Naturwissenschaften. Berlin: 1962.
[147] Heisenberg, W. 'The Development of the Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. In W. Pauli (ed.), Niels Bohr and the Development of Physics. London: Pergamon Press, 1955.
[148] Janossy, L. 'The Physical Interpretation of Wave Mechanics, 1'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 185-202.
[149] Margenau, H. 'Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Interpretations of the Quantum Theory'. Physics Today 7 (1954): 6-13.
[150] Putnam, H. 'A Philosopher Looks at Quantum Mechanics'. In R, Colodny (ed.), Beyond the Edge of Certainty. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1963.
[151] Rayski, J. 'The Possibility of a More Realistic Interpretation of QM'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 89-110.
[152] Rosen, N. 'A Classical Picture of QM'. II Nuovo Cimento 19B (1974): 90-98.
[153) Selleri, F. 'Realism and the Wave-Function ofQM'. In D'Espagnat [126).
[154) Stapp, H. P. 'S-Matrix Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. Physical Review D3 (1971): 1303-1320.
[155) Stein, H. 'Is There a Problem ofInterpreting Quantum Mechanics?' NoUs 4 (1970): 93-104.
[156) Vigier, J.-P. Structure des microobjets, dans /'interpretation causale de la theorie des quanta. Paris: 1956.
[157) Weidlich, W. 'Zur Interpretation der QM'. Zeitschriftfiir Naturforschung lSa (1960): 651---{i54.
B. Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation [158) Bohr, N. 'The Quantum Postulate and the Recent Development of Atomic Theory'. Nature 121 (1928): 580-590. Reprinted in Bohr [163].
[159) Bohr, N. 'The Causality Problem in Atomic Physics'. In New Theories in Physics. Paris: International Institute of Scientific Cooperation, 1939.
[160) Bohr, N. 'On the Notions of Causality and Complementarity'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 312-319. 472 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[161] Bohr, N. 'Mathematics and Natural Philosophy'. Scientific Monthly 82 (1956): 85-88.
[162j Bohr, N. 'Quantum Physics and Philosophy: Causality and Complementarity'. In Niels Bohr, Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Interscience, 1963.
[163] Bohr, N. Atomic Theory and the Description of Nature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1961.
[164] Bohr, N. Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Wiley, 1958.
[165] Bohr, N. Essays 1958-1962 on Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1963.
[166] Bub, J. 'Under the Spell of Bohr (Review of Bastin (ed.), Quantum Theory and Beyond)'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 78-90.
[167] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Niels Bohr's Interpretation of the Quantum Theory'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128]. (See also Hanson/Feyerabend exchange, pp. 371-390.)
[168] Feyerabend, P. K. 'On a Recent Critique of Complementarity'. Philosophy ofScience 3S (1968): 309-331 (Part I), and 36 (1969): 82-105 (Part II).
[169] Hall, R. 'Philosophical Basis of Bohr's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. American Journal of Physics 33 (1965): 624-627.
[170] Hanson, N. R. 'Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics r1 (1959): 1-15.
[171] Hanson, N. R. 'Five Cautions for the Copenhagen Interpretation's Critics'. Philoso• phy of Science 26 (1959): 325-337.
[172] Hanson, N. R. Concept of the Positron. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963.
[173] Heelan, P. A. Quantum Mechanics and Objectivity. The Hague: Nijhotr, 1965.
[174] Heelan, P. 'Heisenberg and Radical Theoretic Change'. Zeitschriji jUr Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie. (Forthcoming.)
[175] Heisenberg, W. Philosophic Problems of Nuclear Science. New York: Fawcett World Library, 1966.
[176] Heisenberg, W. Physics and Philosophy. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1962.
[177] Heisenberg, W. Across the Frontiers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
[178] Horz, H. 'Bemerkungen zum Begrift'des Faktischen in der Kopenhagener Deutung der QM'. Deutsche Zeitschrift jUr Philosophie 10 (1962): 75-84. BIBLIOGRAPHY 473
(179) Horz, H. Werner Heisenberg und die Philosophie. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissen• schaften, 1966.
(180) Hooker, C. A. 'The Nature of Quantum Mechanical Reality: Einstein versus Bohr'. In Colodny (125).
(181) Komar, A. 'The Quantitative Epistemological Content of Bohr's Correspondence Principle'. Synthese 21 (1970): 83-92.
(182) Losee, J. 'The Use of Philosophical Arguments in Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 10-17.
(183) Meyer-Abich,K. Korrespondenz, Individualitiit, Komplementaritiit. Wiesbaden: 1965.
(184) Petersen, A. 'The Philosophy of Niels Bohr'. Bulletin of Atomic Scientists 19 (Sep• tember 1963): 81r.
(185) Petersen, A. 'Bohr and Philosophy of Science'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968.
(186) Petersen, A. Quantum Theory and the Philosophical Tradition. Cambridge: M.l.T. Press, 1968. (See also the review by J. Bub, Philosophy of Science 37 (1970): 156-158.)
(187) Rosenfeld, L. Niels Bohr: An Essay Dedicated to him on the Occasion of His Sixtieth Birthday. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1961.
(188) R(lzenthal, S. (ed.) Niels Bohr: His Life and Work. New York: Wiley, 1967.
(189) Schlegel, R. 'Statistical Explanation in Physics: The Copenhagen Interpretation'. Synthese 21 (1970): 65-82.
(190) Stapp, H. P. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1098-1116.
(191) Ballentine, L. 'Comments on Stapp's 'Copenhagen Ipterpretation' and the Signifi• cance of Bell's Theorem'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 81-83.
(192) Stapp, H. P. 'Reply to Ballentine's Comments'. American Journal ofPhysics 42 (1974): 83-85.
(193) Stapp, H. P. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation and the Nature of Space-Time'. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Report, UCRL-20294.
(194) Von Weizsiicker, C. F. 'The Copenhagen Interpretation'. In Bastin (122)
(195) Weingarten, D. 'Two Interpretatious of QM; 1.' II Nuovo Cimento 228 (1974): 293-327.
(196) Witt-Hansen, J. 'The Impact of Niels Bohr's Thought on Danish Philosophy'. In 474 BIBLIOGRAPHY
R. E. Olson and A. M. Paul (eds.), Contemporary Scandinavian Philosophy. Balti• more: Johns Hopkins Press, 1972.
C. Complementarity [197] Agassi, J. 'A Hegelian View of Complementarity'. British Journalfor Philosophy of Science 9 (1958/59): 57--63
[198] Bedau, H., and Oppenheim, P. 'Complementarity in QM: A Logical Analysis'. Synthese 13 (1961): 201-232.
[199] Bergstein, T. 'Complementarity and Philosophy'. Nature 222 (1969): 1033-1035.
[200] Bernays, P. 'Uber die Ausdehnung des Begriffs der Komplementaritiit'. Synthese 7 (1948/49): 66-70.
[201] Bunge, M. 'Strife About Complementarity'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 6 (1955): 141-154.
[202] Destouches, J.-L. 'Quelques aspects theoriques de la notion de compU:mentarite'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 351-382.
[203] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Manifestations et sens de la notion de compU:mentarite'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 383-412.
[204] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Contradiction et complementarite'. Synthese 7 (1948/49): 173-182.
[205] Feyerabend, P. K. 'Complementarity'. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. 32 (1958): 75-104.
[206] Griinbaum, A. 'Complementarity in Quantum Physics and Its Philosophical Gener• alizations'. Journal of Philosophy 54 (1957): 713-729.
[207] Heelan,.P. A. 'The Logic of Framework Transpositions'. International Philosophical Quarterly 11 (3) (1971): 314-334.
[208] Holton, G. 'The Roots of Complementarity'. Daedalus 99 (1970): 1015-1055.
[209] Mackay, D. M. 'Complementarity'. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Suppl. 32 (1958): 105-122.
[210] Pauli, W. 'Die philosophische Bedeutung der Idee der Komplementaritiit'. Expe• rientia 6 (1950): 73-75.
[211] Rosenfeld, L. 'Strife About Complementarity'. Science Progress 41 (1953): 393-410.
[212] Rosenfeld, L. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory and Complementarity'. Nature 190 (1961): 384-388. BIBLIOGRAPHY 475
[213] Rosenfeld, L. 'Niels Bohr's Contribution to Epistemology'. Physics Today 16 (1963): 47-54.
[214] Schumacher, D. L. 'Time and Physical Language'. In T. Gold (ed.), The Nature of Time. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967.
[215] Strauss, M. 'Komplementaritat und Kausalitat im Lichte der logischen lilyntax'. Erkenntnis 6 (1936): 335-339. On complementarity, Bohr, Heisenberg, and the Copenhagen Interpretation, also see: Audi [41]; Bub [380]; D'Espagnat [54]; Mehra [84]; MUller-Markus [272]; Scheibe [98]; and Strauss [34].
D. Statistical Interpretations 1. General [216] Albertson, J. 'The Statistical Nature of QM'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 13 (1962): 229-233.
[217] Ballentine, L. E. 'The Statistical Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Reviews of Modern Physics 42 (1970): 358-381.
[218] Bergmann, P. G. 'The Quantum State Vector and Physical Reality'. In Bunge [123].
[219] Born, M. 'Die statistische Deutung der QM'. Physikalische Blatter 2 (1955): 193-202.
[220] Born, M. 'Bemerkungen zur statistischen Deutung der QM'. In F. Bopp (ed.), W. Heisenberg und die Physik Unserer Zeit. Braunschweig, 1961.
[221] Groenewold, H. J. 'Foundations of Quantum Theory: Statistical Interpretation'. In P. Weingartner and G. Zecha (eds.), Induction, Physics, and Ethics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1970.
[222] Hooker, C. 'The Statistical Interpretation of QM'. (Unpublished.)
[223] Lenzen, V. F. 'Philosophical Problems of ~e Statistical Interpretation of QM'. In J. Neyman (ed.), Proceedings of the Second Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.
[224] Maxwell, N. 'Does the Minimal Statistical Interpretation of QM Resolve the Measurement ProblemT (Unpublished.)
[225] Rothstein, J. 'Information, Measurement, and Quantum Mechanics'. Science 114 (1951): 171-175.
[226] Van Vleck, J. H. 'The Correspondence Principle in the Statistical Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 14 (1928): 178-188.
[227] Van Vleck, J. H. 'The Statistical Interpretation of Various Formulations of QM'. Journal of the Franklin Institute 2(Y7 (1929): 475-494. 476 BIBLIOGRAPHY
See also: Born [138], Born-Einstein [309], and Hooker [180]. 2. Margenau [228] Margenau, H. 'Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 287-302.
[229] Werkmeister, W. H. 'Professor Margenau and the Problem of Physical Reality'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 183-192.
[230] Margenau, H. 'Measurements and Quantum States'. Philosophy of Science 30 (1963): 1-16, 138-157.
[231] Margenau, H. 'Reality in QM'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 287-302.
[232] Griinbaum, A. 'Realism and Neo-Kantianism in Professor Margenau's Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 17 (1950): 26-34.
[233] Park, J. L., and Margenau, H. 'Simultaneous Measurability in Quantum Theory'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 211-283.
[234] Park, J. L., and Margenau, H. 'The Logic of Noncommutability of Quantum• Mechanical Operators and Its Empirical Consequences'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [80].
[235] Park, J. L. 'Nature of Quantum States'. American Journal of Physics 36 (1968): 211-226.
[236] Park, J. L. 'The Concept of Transition in Quantum Mechanics'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 23-33. Also see: Margenau [21]. [79], [80], [149], [315], [641], [642], [643]; Margenau & Park [82]; and Margenau & Compton [81]. 3. Popper [237] Popper, K. [27]: 'Appendices and New Appendices'.
[238] Popper, K. 'QM Without "The Observer'~'. In Bunge [123].
[239] Bub, J. 'Review of Bunge, Quantum Theory and Reality'. Philosophy of Science 35 (1968): 425-429.
[240] Sneed, J. D. 'Review of Bunge, Quantum Theory and Reality'. Synthese 18 (1968): 464-467.
[241] Aggassi, J. 'Discussion Review: The Interface of Philosophy and Physics'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 263-265.
[242] Bub, J. 'Popper's Propensity Interpretation of Probability and QM'. (Unpublished.)
[243] Sklar, L. 'Is Probability a Dispositional Property?' Journal of Philosophy 67 (1970): 355-366. BIBLIOGRAPHY 477
[244] Suppes, P. 'Popper's Analysis of Probability in QM'. In Schilpp [32]. See also Popper's reply. For more works concerning Popper's approach to QM consult: Popper [26], [448], [449], [572], [573], [859]; Feyerabend [168]; Gardner [389]; Grossman [428]; Von Weizsacker [860]. 4. Lande [245] Lande, A. 'Continuity, a Key to QM'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 101-109.
[246] Lande, A. Foundations of Quantum Theory. A Study in Continuity and Symmetry. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1955.
[247] Lande, A. ''''-Superposition and Quantum Rules'. American Journal of Physics 24 (1956): 56-59.
[248] Lande, A. 'From Dualism to Unity in QM'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 10 (1959): 16-24.
[249] Yourgrau, W. 'Challenge to Dualism'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1961/62): 158-166.
[250] Lande, A. 'Heisenberg's Contracting Wave Packets'. American Journal of Physics 27 (1959): 415-417.
[251] Feyerabend, P. 'Prof. Lande on the Reduction of the Wave Packet'. American Journal of Physics 28 (1960): 507-508.
[252] Lande, A. 'Unitary Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 29 (1961): 403-407.
[253] Lande, A. 'The Case Against Quantum Dualiti. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 1-6.
[254] Lande, A. New Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. London: Cambridge University Press, 1965.
[255] Lande, A. 'Non-quantal Foundations for QM'. Dialeetica 19 (1965): 349-357.
[256] Lande, A. 'From Duality to Unity in QM'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128]. See also reply to Lande by H. Mehlberg.
[257] Lande, A. 'New Foundations for Quantum Physics'. Physics Today 21 (1967): 55-58.
[258] Born, M., and Biem, W. 'Dualism in Quantum Theory'. Physics Today 22 (1968): 51-55.
[259] Lande, A., Born, M., and Biem, W. 'Dialog on Dualism'. Physics Today 22 (1968): 55-56.
[260] Lande, A. 'The Decline and Fall of Quantum Dualism'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 221-223. 478 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[261] Lande, A. 'Albert Einstein and the Quantum Riddle'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 459-464.
[262] Audi, M. 'Review of Yourgrau and van der Merwe (eds.), Perspectives in Quantum Theory'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 323-324.
[263] Erlichson, H. 'Simultaneous Measurability in QM'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 933-934.
[264] Gardner, M. 'A. Lande Festschrift (Review ofW. Yourgrau and A. van der Merwe (eds.), Perspectives in Quantum Theory),. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 72-78.
[265] Shimony, A. 'Basic Axioms of Microphysics (Review of New Foundations of QM by A. Lande)'. Physics Today 20 (1966): 85-91. Also see: Lande [639], [856]; Hinshaw [640]; Fisk [667]; and references to reviews in Shimony [265].
E. Marxism and the Interpretation of QM [266] Blokhintsev, D. Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1968.
[267] Feyerabend, P. 'Quantum Theory and Dialectical Materialism'. Slavic Review (Sept. 1966). .
[268] Graham, L. Science and Philosophy in the Soviet Union. New York: Knopf, 1972.
[269] Kuznetsov, I., and Omel'yanovskii, M. (eds.) Philosophical Problems of Elementary Particle Physics. New York: Daniel Davey, 1966.
[270] Kuznetsov, B. G., et al. 'Soviet Symposium on Logic and QM'. Soviet Studies in Philosophy 9 (1970/71): 203-236 ..
[271] Levy, E. 'Interpretations of Quantum Theory and Soviet Thought'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1969.
[272] Muller-Markus, S. 'Niels Bohr in the Darkness and Light of Soviet Philosophy'. Inquiry 9 (1966): 73-93.
[273] Omeljanowski, M. E. 'W. I. Lenin und die philosophischen Fragen der modemen Physik'. In H. Ley (ed.), Philosophische Probleme der modernen Naturwissenschaften. Berlin: 1962.
[274] Omelyonovsky, M. E. 'Dialectical Contradictions in Quantum Physics'. In Proceed• ings: Thirteenth International Congress of Philosophy. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 1963. F. Phenomenology and the Interpretation of QM [275] Heelan, P. A. 'QM and Objectivity: Ontological Structure of Physical Reality'. In MacKinnon [191. BIBLIOGRAPHY 479
[276] Heelan, P. A. 'Horizon, Objectivity and Reality in the Physical Sciences'. Inter• national Philosophical Quarterly 7 {1967}: 375-412.
Heelan, P. A. 'Henneneutics of Experimental Science in the Context of the Life• World'. Philosophia Mathematica (1972): 101-144. See also: Heelan [173], [174], and [207]; as well as MacKinnon [19], Introduction and Bibliographic Essay.
G. Process Philosophy and the Interpretation of QM [277J Capek, M. Philosophical Impact of Contemporary Physics. New York: Van Nostrand, 1961.
[278] Finkelstein, D. 'Quantum Physics and Process Metaphysics'. In Enz & Mehra [127].
[279] Palter, R. Whitehead's Philosophy of Science. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960, Chapter 10.
[280] Shimony, A. 'Quantum Physics and the Philosophy of Whitehead'. In R. S. Cohen and M. Wartofsky (eds.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 2. New York: Humanities Press, 1965.
[281] Burgers, J. M. 'Comments on Shimony's Paper'. In volume cited in [280]. See also Bub [380] and Bohm [292]. H. Bohm, the Concept of Order, and the Interpretation of QM [282] Bohm, D. 'Classical and Non-Classical Concepts in the Quantum Theory.' British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1962): 265-280.
[283] Feyerabend, P. 'Professor Bohm's Philosophy of Nature'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 10 (1960): 321-338..
[284] Bohm, D. 'A Proposed Topological Fonnulation of the Quantum Theory'. In I. J. Good (ed.), The Scientist Speculates. London: 1962.
[285] Bohm, D. 'Space, Time, and the Quantum Theory Understood in Tenns of Discrete Structural Process'. In T. Tanikawa (ed.), Proceedings of the International Con• ference on Elementary Particles (Kyoto, 1965). Kyoto: Publications Office of Progress of Theoretical Physics, 1966.
[286] Bohm, D. 'Some Remarks on the Notion of Order', 'Further Remarks on Order', 'Addendum on Order and Neo-Darwinism'. All in C. H. Waddington (ed.), Towards a Theoretical Biology. Chicago: Aldine, 1969. See also comments by Grene, Wadding• ton, and others.
[287] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics. Part A. The Development of New Orders as Shown Through the History of Physics'. Foun• dations of Physics 1 (1971): 359-381. 480 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[288] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics. Part B. Implicate and Explicate Order in Physical Law'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 139-168.
[289] Bohm, D. 'Quantum Theory as an Indication of a New Order in Physics'. In D'Es• pagnat [126].
[290] Bohm, D. 'Fragmentation and Wholeness'. (Preprint.)
[291] Bohm, D. 'Science as Perception-Communication'. In Suppe [35].
[292] Bohm, D. 'Reality and Knowledge Considered as Process'. (Unpublished.)
[293] Bohm, D. 'Holography and a New Order in Physics'. (Preprint.)
[294] Bohm, D., and Schmacher, D. L. 'On the Role of Language Forms in Theoretical and Experimental Physics'. (Unpublished.) Also consult: Bohm [46], [308], [376], and [377]; Bohm & Bub [378] and [379].
I. Hidden-Variable Interpretations ofQM See below: VI.C and VI.D.
J. The Many-Worlds Interpretation ofQM [295] Everett, H., III. '''Relative State" Formulation of QM'. Reviews of Modem Physics 29 (1957): 454-462. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].
[296] Wheeler, J. A. 'Assessment of Everett's "Relative State" Formulation of Quantum Theory'. Reviews of Modem Physics 29 (1957): 463-465. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].
[297] Allen, R. E. 'Remarks on the Everett-Wheeler Interpretation of QM'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 842-843.
[298] DeWitt, B. S. 'QM and Reality'. Physic~ Today 23 (1970): 30-35. Also in DeWitt & Graham [305].
[299] DeWitt, B. S. 'The Everett-Wheeler Interpretation of QM'. In C. M. DeWitt and J. A. Wheeler (eds.), Battelle Rencontres: 1967 Lectures in Mathematics and Physics. New York: Benjamin, 1968.
[300] DeWitt, B. S. 'The Many-Universes Interpretation of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[301] Graham, R. N. 'The Everett Interpretation of QM'. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 1971.
[302] Ballentine, L. E. 'Can the Statistical Postulate of Quantum Theory Be Derived?- BIBLIOGRAPHY 481
A Critique of the Many-Universe Interpretation'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 229-240.
[303] Everett, H., III. 'The Theory of the Universal Wave Function'. In DeWitt & Graham [305].
[304] Graham, N. 'The Measurement of Relative Frequency'. In DeWitt & Graham [305].
[305] DeWitt, B., and Graham, N. The Many-Worlds Interpretation of QM. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973. On the Many-Worlds Interpretation, see also D'Espagnat [54]; Grossman [722]; and J. L. Borges, 'The Garden of Forking-Paths'. In Labyrinths. New York: New Directions, 1964. K. Einstein on the Interpretation of QM [306] Ballentine, L. E. 'Einstein's Interpretation of QM'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1763-1771.
[307] Bernstein, J. Einstein. New York: Viking Press, 1973.
[308] Bohm, D. 'A Discussion of Certain Remarks by Einstein on Born's Probability Interpretation of the ",-function'. In Scientific Papers Presented to Max Born. New York: Hafner, 1953.
[309] The Born-Einstein Letters: Correspondence 1916-1955. London: Macmillan, 1971.
[310] Einstein, A. 'Physics and Reality'. Journal ofthe Franklin Institute 221 (1936): 349-382.
[311] Einstein, A. 'Quanten-Mechanik und Wirklichkeit'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 320ff.
[312] Einstein, A. 'Elementare Oberlegungen zur Interpretation der Grundlagen der Quanten-mechanik'. In volume cited in [308] above.
[313] Einstein, A., Tolman, R. C., and Podolsky, B. 'Knowledge of Past and Future in QM'. Physical Review, Ser. 2, 37 (1931): 780-781.
[314] Klein, M. J. 'Thermodynamics in Einstein's Thought'. Science 157 (1967): 509-516.
[315] Margenau, H. 'Einstein's Conception of Reality'. In Schilpp [132].
[316] Shankland, R. S. 'Conversations with Albert Einstein, II'. American Journal of Physics 41 (1973): 895-901. Also see Lande [261].
L. The Einstein-Bohr Debate [317] Klein, M. J. The First Phase of the Bohr-Einstein Dialogue'. Historical Studies in the Physical Sciences 2 (1970): 1-39.
[318] Bohr, N. 'Discussions with Einstein on Epistemological Problems of Atomic Physics'. In Schilpp [132], pp. 201-241. Also in Bohr [164]. 482 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[319] Einstein, A. 'Remarks Concerning the Essays Brought Together in this Co-operative Volume'. In Schilpp [132], pp. 665-688.
[320] Bohm, D., and Schumacher, D. L. 'On the Failure of Communication Between Bohr and Einstein'. (Unpublished.)
[321] Hooker, C. See [180].
[322] Kuznetsov, B. 'Einstein et Bohr'. Organon (Warsaw) 2 (1965): 105-121.
[323] Treder, H.-J. 'The Einstein-Bohr Box Experiment'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].
VI. THE COMPLETENESS PROBLEM OF QM A. The E-P-R Paradox [324] Einstein, A., Podolsky, B., and Rosen, N. 'Can Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Be Considered Complete?' Physical Review 47 (1935): 777-780.
[325] Bohr, N. 'Can Quantum Mechanical Description of Physical Reality be Considered Complete?' Physical Review 48 (1935): 696-702.
[324] and [325] also appear in Toulmin [134}.
[326] Furry, W. H. 'Note on the Quantum Mechanical Theory of Measurement'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 393-399.
[327] Furry, W. H. 'Remarks on Measurement in Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 476.
[328] Bub, J. 'On the Completeness ofQM'.1n Hooker [129].
[329] Bell, J. S. 'On the E-P-R- Paradox'. Physics 1 (1965): 195-200.
[330] Capasso, V., Fortunado, D., and Selleri, F. 'Sensitive Observables of QM'. Inter• national Journal of Theoretical Physics 7:(1973): 319-326.
[331] Cooper, J. L. B. 'The Paradox of Separated Systems in Quantum Theory'. Proceed• ings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 46 (1959): 620-625.
[332] Costa de Beauregard, O. 'Le "paradoxe" des correlations d'Einstein et de Schro• dinger et I'epaisseur temporelle de Ia transition quantique'. Dia!ectica 19 (1965): 280-289.
[333] Fries, H. S. 'Is the ",-Function Description "Complete"? A Layman's Question'. Philosophy of Science 19 (1952): 166-169.
[334] Herbut, F., and Vujicic, M. 'On a New Development in the Description of Corre• lations Between Two Quantum Systems'. In D'Espagnat [126]. BIBLIOGRAPHY 483
[335] Hooker, C. A. 'Concerning Einstein's, Podolsky's and Rosen's Objection to Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 851-857.
[336] Schlegel, R. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 458.
[337] Hooker, C. A. 'Re: Schlegel's Bohrian Reply to EPR: A Comment'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 633-634.
[338] Erlichson, H. 'Einstein and the E.P.R. Criterion of Reality'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 359-360.
[339] Erlichson, H. 'Bohr and the E.P.R. Paradox'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 634-636.
[340] Schlegel, R. 'Reply to Hooker and Erlichson'. American Journal of Physics 40 {I 972) : 636-637.
[341] Inglis, D. R. 'Completeness of QM and Charge-Conjugation Correlations of Theta Particles'. Reviews of Modern Physics 33 (1961): 1-7.
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[343] Mirman, R. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. II Nuovo Cimento 168 (1973): 398-403.
[344] Mittelstaedt, P. 'Uber das Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradoxon'. Zeitschri[t for Naturforschung 29A (1974): 539-548. (Abstract in English.)
[345] Moldauer, P. A. 'Reexamination of the Arguments of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 195-206.
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[347] Nelson, E. Dynamical Theories of Brownian Motion. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967.
[348] Reisler, D. L. 'The Epistemological Basis of Einstein's, Podolsky's, and Rosen's Objection to Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 821-831.
[349] Reisler, D. L. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. Unpublished Ph.D. Disser• tation, Yale University, 1967.
[350] Ruark, A. E. 'Is the Quantum-Mechanical Description of Physical Reality Com• plete?' Physical Review 48 (I 935): 466-467. 484 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[351] SchrOdinger, E. 'Discussion of Probability Relations Between Separated Systems'. Proceedings of Cambridge Philosophical Society 31 (1935): 555-563.
[352] SchrOdinger, E. 'Probability Relations Between Separated Systems'. Proceedings of Cambridge Philosophical Society 32 (1936): 555-563.
[353] Sharp, D. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox Reexamined'. Philosophy of Science 28 (1961): 225-233.
[354] Hooker, C. A. 'Sharp and the Refutation of the E-P-R Paradox'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971):224-233.
[355] Krips, H. P. 'Two Paradoxes in QM'. Philosophy of Science 36 (1969): 145-152.
[356] Hooker, C. A. 'Discussion: Against Krips' Resolution of Two Paradoxes in QM'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 418-428.
[357] Erlichson, H. 'The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox'. Philosophy of Science 39 (1972): 83-85.
[358] Vigier, J.-P. 'Hidden Parameters Associated with Possible Internal Motions of Elementary Particles'. In Bunge [123].
[359] Zweifel, P. F. Z. 'Measurement in QM and the EPR Paradox'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 10 (1974): 67-72.
B. Experiment and the E-P-R Paradox [360] Bohm, D., and Aharanov, Y. 'Discussion of Experimental Proof for the Paradox of E. P. and Ro'. Physical Review lOll (1957): 1070-1076.
[361] ·Bohm, D., and Aharanov, Y. 'Further Discussion of Experimental Tests for the Paradox ofE. P. and Ro'. n Nuovo Cimento 17 (1960): 964-976.
[362] Kasday, L. 'Experimental Test of QM ·Predictions for Widely Separated Systems'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[363] Kocher, C. A., and Commins, E. D. 'Polarization Correlation of Photons Emitted in an Atomic Cascade'. Physical Review Letters 18 (1967): 575-577.
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[365] Popper, K. R. 'Particle Annihilation and the Argument ofE. P. and Ro'.ln Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].
[366] Sachs, M. 'On Pair Annihilation and the E.P.R. Paradox'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 398-407. BIBLIOGRAPHY 485
C. Hidden Variables in QM [367] Albertson, J. 'Von Neumann's Hidden-Parameter Proof. American Journal of Physics 29 (1961): 478--484.
[368] Bell, J. S. 'On the Problem of Hidden Variables in QM'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 447--452.
[369] Bell, J. S. 'Introduction to the Hidden-Variable Question'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[370] Belinfante, F .. J. A Survey of Hidden Variable Theories. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1973.
[371] Ballentine, L. E. 'Review ofF. J. Belinfante - A Survey of Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physics Today 27 (October, 1974): 53-55.
[372] Bocchieri, V., and Loinger, A. 'Einige Bernerkungen iiber die Frage der verborgenen Parameter'. ZeitschriftFw- Physik 48 (1957): 308-313.
[373] Bohm, D. 'A Suggested Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of Hidden Variables'. Physical Review 85 (1952): 166--193.
[374] Bohm, D. 'Reply to a Criticism of a Causal Re-Interpretation of Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 87 (1952): 389-390.
[375] Bohm, D. 'Comments on a Letter Concerning the Causal Interpretation of the Quantum Theory'. Physical Review 89 (1952): 319-320.
[376] Bohm, D. 'Hidden Variables in the Quantum Theory'. In D. R. Bates (ed.), Quantum Theory, Vol. 3. New York: 1962. pp. 345-387.
[377] Bohm, D. 'On the Role of Hidden Variables in the Fundamental Structure of Physics'. In Bastin [122].
[378] Bohm, D., and Bub, J. 'A Proposed Solution ofthe Measurement Problem in Quan• tum Mechanics by a Hidden Variable Theory'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 453--469.
[379] Bohm, D., and Bub, J. 'A Refutation of the Proof by Jauch and Piron That Hidden Variables Can Be Excluded in Quantum Theory'. Reviews of Modern Physics 38 (1966): 470--475.
[380] Bub, J. 'Hidden Variables and the Copenhagen Interpretation - A Reconciliation'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 19 (1968): 185-210.
[381] Bub, J. 'What Is a Hidden Variable Theory of Quantum Phenomena?' International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 101-123.
[382] Bub, J. 'Hidden Variables and Quantum Logic'. (Unpublished.) 486 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[383] Bub. J. 'On the Possibility of a Phase-Space Reconstruction of Quantum-Statistics: A Refutation of the Bell-Wigner Locality Argument'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 29-44.
[384] Freedman. S .• and Wigner. E. 'On Bub's Misunderstanding of Bell's Locality Argu• ment'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 457-458.
[385] Capasso. V.• Fortunado. D .• and Selleri. F. 'Von Nl"umann's Theorem and Hidden• Variable Models'. Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 2 (1970): 149-199.
[386] Feyerabend. P. 'Eine Bemerkung zum Neumannschen Beweis·. ZeitschrijtjUr Physik 145 (1956): 421-423.
[387] Fine. A. 'Probability and the Interpretation ofQM·. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 1-37.
[388] Freistadt, G. 'The Causal Formulation ofQM of Particles'. II Nuovo Cimento. Suppl. 5 (1957): 1-70.
[389] Gardner. M. 'Quantum-Theoretical Realism: Popper and Einstein v. Kochen and Specker'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 23 (1972): 13-23.
[390] Gudder. S. P. 'Hidden Variables in QM Reconsidered'. Reviews of Modem P~ysics 40 (1958): 229-231.
[391] Gudder. S. P. 'On Hidden Variable Theories'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 11 (1970): 431-436.
[392] Gutkowski. D .• and Masotto. G. 'An Inequality Stronger Than Bell's Inequality'. II Nuovo Cimento 22B (1974): 121-130.
[393] Hubner. K. 'The Philosophical Background of Hidden Variables in QM·. Man and World' (1973): 421-440.
[394] Jauch. J. M .• and Piron. C. 'Can HiddeJ;l Variables Be Excluded in QM?' Helvetica Physico Acta 36 (1967): 827-837.
[395] Keller. J. B. 'Bohm's Interpretation of the Quantum Theory in Terms of "Hidden Variables· ... Physical Review 89 (1953): 1040-1041.
[396] Kershaw. D. 'Theory of Hidden Variables'. Physical Review 136B (1964): 1850-1856.
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[398] Misra, B. 'When Can Hidden VaJIlables Be Excluded in QM?' II Nuovo Cimento 47A (1967): 841-859. BIBLIOGRAPHY 487
[399] Oehs, W. 'On Gudder's Hidden-Variable Theorems'. R Nuovo Cimento lOB (1972): 172-184.
[400] Selleri, F. 'A Stronger Form of Bell's Inequality'. Lettere al Nuovo Cimento 3 (1972): 581ft".
[401] Tutsch, J. H. 'Simultaneous Measurement in the Bohm-Bub Hidden Variable Theory'. Physical Review 183 (1969): 1116-1131.
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[405] Wigner, E. P. 'On Hidden Variables and Quantum Mechanical Probabilities'. American Journal of Physics 38 (1970): 1005-1009.
[406] Clauser, J. F. 'Von Neumann's Informal Hidden Variable Argument'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 1095-1096.
[407] Wigner, E. P. 'Rejoinder'. American Journal of Physics 39 (1971): 1097-1098.
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D. Experiments on Hidden Variable Theories [411) Papaliolios, C. 'Experimental Test of a Hidden Variable Theory'. Physical Review Letters 18 (1967): 622.
[412) Clauser, J. F., Home, M. A., Shimony, A., and Holt, R. A. 'Proposed Experiment to Test Local Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physical Review Letters 23 (1969): 880.
[413) Freedman, S. J., and Clauser, J. F. 'Experimental Test of Local Hidden-Variable Theories'. Physical Review Letters 28 (1972): 938-941. Also relevant to the topic of hidden variables and the completeness problem are: Audi [41); Bub [47]; Blokhintsev [43); D'Espagnat [54); Gleason [520); Scheibe [98]; Turner [603]; Van Fraassen [478]; and Wiener et al. [463).
VII. PROBABILITY THEORY AND QUANTUM THEORY
[414) Baker, G. A. 'Formulations of QM Based on the Quasi-Probability Distribution Induced in Phase Space'. Physical Review 109 (1958): 2198-2206. 488 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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[416] Bodiou, G. 'Recherches sur les fondements du calcul quantique des probabilites dans les cas purs'. Annales de Physique, Ser. 12,5 (1950): 451-536.
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[418] Cartwright, N. 'Correlations Without Joint Distributions in QM'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 127-136.
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[447] Ochs, W. 'Can Quantum Theory Be Presented as a Classical Enselnble Theory?' Zeitschriftfiir Naturforschung 2Sa (1971): 1740-1753. 490 BIBLIOGRAPHY
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[451] Sneed, J. D. 'QM and Classical Probability Theory'. Synthese 21 (1970): 34-64.
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See also: Bub [47] and [242); Bunge [5); Fine [58] and [387]; Margenau [642); Popper [238], [572] and [573); Scheibe [98]; Sklar [243]; Strauss [34]; Suppes [244) and [600]; Van Fraassen [478]; and Wigner [405].
VIII. QUANTUM LOGIC
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[534] Heelan, P. A. 'Quantum and Classical Logic: Their Respective Roles'. Synthese 21 (1970): 2-33. Also appears in Wartofsky & Cohen [135].
[535] Heelan, P. A. 'Complementarity, Context Dependence, and Quantum Logic'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 95-110.
[536] Henkin, L. 'Review of Putnam, "Three-Valued Logic"; Feyerabend, "Reichenbach's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics" ; and Levi, "Putnam's Three Truth-Values" '. Journal of Symbolic Logic 25 (1960): 289-291.
[537] Hockney, D. 'Conceptual Structures'. In Pearce and Maynard (eds.), Conceptual Change. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1973.
[538] Hooker, C. A. (ed.) The Logico-Algebraic Approach to QM. (Forthcoming.)
[539] Hubner, K. 'Dber den Begriff der Quantenlogik'. Sprache im Technischen Zeitalter 12 (1964): 925-934. .
[540] Husirni, K. 'Studies on the Foundation of Quantum Mechanics,!'. Proceedings of the Physical-Mathematical Society of Japan 19 (1937): 766-789.
[541] Jauch, J. M., and Piron, C. 'What is "Quantum Logic"?' In P. Freund, C. Goebel, and Y. Nabir (eds.), Quanta. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
[542] Jordan, P. 'Quantenlogik und das Kommutative Gesetz'. In L. Henkin, P. Suppes, and A. Tarski (eds.), The Axiomatic Method with Special Reference to Geometry and Physics. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1959.
[543] Jordan, P., Von Neumann, J., and Wigner, E. 'On ail Algebraic Generalization of the Quantum Mechanical Formalism'. Annals of Mathematics 35 (1934): 29ff.
[544] Kochen, S., and Specker, E. 'The Calculus of Partial Propositional Functions'. In Y. Bar-Hillel (ed.), Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1965.
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[565] Ochs, W. 'On the Covering Law in Quantal Proposition Systems'. Commwzications in Mathematical Physics 25 (1972): 245· 252.
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[567] Piron, C. 'Survey of General Quantum Physics'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 287-314.
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[570] Pool, J. C. T. 'Baer* - Semigroups and the Logic of QM'. Commwzications in Mathe• matical Physics 9 (1968): 118ff.
[571] Pool, J. 'Events, Observables, and Operations and the Mathematical Approach to Quantum Theory'. Lecture Notes in Physics (Berlin). (Forthcoming.) A set oflectures presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on QM and Ordered Linear Spaces (1973).
[572] Popper, K. R. 'Birkhoffand Von Neumann's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics'. Nature 219 (August 17, 1968): 682-685.
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[585] Rescher, N. Many-Valued Logic. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1969.
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[588] Rosser, J. B., and Turquette, A. R. Many-Valued Logics. Amsterdam: North-Hol• land, 1952.
(589) Rutherford, D. E. Introduction to Lottice Theory. Edinburgh and London: Oliver & Boyd,1968.
[590] Ruttiman, G. T. 'On the Logical Structure ofQ.M.'. Foundations ofPhysics 1 (1970): 173-182.
[591] Salmon. W. C. 'Verifiability and Logic'. In P. K. Feyerabend and G. Maxwell (eds.), Mind. Matter. and Method. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1966.
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[593] Scheurer, P. B. 'Logique Fermionique et Logique Bosonique'. International Logic Review 3 (1972): 188-206.
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[596] Stenius, E. 'The Semantic Status of Laws of Logic'. In Critical Essays. (Acta Philo• sophica Fennica, Fasc. 25.) Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1972.
[597] Straus, M. 'Mathematics as Logical Syntax'. Erkenntnis 7 (1937/38): 147-153.
[598] Strauss, M. 'Logics for QM'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 265-276. BIBLIOGRAPHY 499
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[601] Suppes, P., and McKinsey, J. C. C. 'Review of Destouches-Fevrier, La Structure des Theories Physiques'. Journal of Symbolic Logic 19 (1954): 52-55.
[602] Tornebohn, H. !On Two Logical Systems Proposed in the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics'. Theoria 3 (1957): 84-101.
[603] Turner, J. 'Violation of the Quantum Ordering of Propositions in Hidden Variable Theories'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 9 (1968): 1411ff.
[604] Van Fraassen, B. 'Meaning Relations Among Predicates'. Now 1 (1967): 161-179.
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[607] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'The Formal Representation of Physical Quantities'. In War• tofsky & Cohen [135].
[608] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'The Labyrinth of Quantum Logics'. In Wartofsky & Cohen (135).
[609] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'Semantic Analysis of Quantum Logic'. In Hooker [129].
[610] Von Neumann, J. 'Strict and Probability Quantum Logics'. (Unpublished manuscript in Von Neumal1ll' Collection at Princeton University Library.) Reviewe4 by A. Taub in Collected Works ofJohn Von Neumann, Vol. 4. New York: Macmillan, 1962.
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[613] Waismann, F. 'Are There Alternative Logics?' Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 46 {I 946) : 103ff.
[614] Watanabe, S. 'Algebra of Observation'. Progress of Theoretical Physics, Suppl. 37 (1966): 350-367.
[615] Zawirski, Z. 'Attempts at Application of Many-Valued Logic to Contemporary Natural Science'. Sprawozdania Poznanskiego Towarzystwa 2 (1931). 500 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[616] Zierler, N., and Schlesinger, K. 'Boolean Embeddings of Orthomodular Sets and Quantum Logic'. Duke Mathematical Journal 32 (1965): 251-262.
[617] Zinov'ev, A. A. Philosophical Problems of Many-Valued Logic. Rev. ed. Edited and translated by Kiing and Comey. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1963. For further works on QL, also consult the following: Audi [41]; Beth [1] and [2]; Bunge [5], [6], and [49]; Bub [47], [166], and [382]; Destouches-Fevrier [11]; Fine [58], [423], and [425]; Gardner (389); Gudder [431); Gudder & Boyce [825]; Heelan [207); Heisenberg [63); Hooker [180); Jauch [69); Kochen & Specker [397); Kuznetsov et al. [270]; Mackey [76); Mittelstaedt [24); Nagel [90) and [92); Nilson [760]; Park & Margenau [233] and [234]; Pauli [94]; Piron [87]; Reichenbach [91]; Scheibe [98]; Strauss [34]; Turquette [95]; Van Fraassen [38]; Varadarajan [457] and [458]; Von NeUmann [102]; and Watanabe [462].
IX. CAUSALITY AND DETERMINISM IN QM [618] Bergmann, H. 'The Controversy over Causality in Contemporary Physics'. In Wartofsky & Cohen [135].
[619] Bernays, P. 'Causality, Determinism, and Probability'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].
[620] Bohr, N. 'The Causality Problem in Atomic Physics'. In New Theories in Physics. Paris: International Institute of Scientific Cooperation, 1939.
[621] Born, M. 'Continuity, Determinism and Reality'. Kg/. Danske Videnskab. Selskab. Mat-Fys. Medd. 30, No.2 (1955).
[622] Born, M. '1st die klassische Mechanik tiitsachlich deterministisch?, Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 49-54.
[623] von Laue, M. '1st die klassische Physik· wirklich deterministisch?, Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 269-270.
[624] Born, M. 'Zur Frage des Determinismus'. Physikalische Bliitter 11 (1955): 314-315.
[625] Bradley, R. 'Determinism or Indeterminism in Microphysics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 13 (1963-64): 193-215.
[626] De Broglie, L. Non-Linear Wave Mechanics: A Causal Interpretation. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1960. (Orig. in French, 1956.)
[627] Bunge, M. Causality. New York: World Publishing, 1959.
[628] Bunge, M. 'Conjunction, Succession, Determinism, and Causation'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 1 (1968): 205ff.
[629] Cap. F. 'Une interpretation causale de la theorie quantique est-elle possible?' Annales de {'Institute Henri Poincare 15 (1956): 113-122. BIBLIOGRAPHY 501
[630] Cassirer, E. Determinism and Indeterminism in Modem Physics. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1956.
[631] Caws, P. 'A Quantum Theory of Causality'. Synthese 15 (1963): 317ff.
[632] Dear, G. F. 'Determinism in Classical Physics'. British Joumalfor the Philosophy of Science 11 (1960): 289-304.
[633] Destouches-Fevrier, P. 'Sur l'impossibilite d'un retour au determinisme en micro• physique'. Comtes Rendue Hebdomadoires de I'Acadbnie des Sciences 220 (1945): 587-589.
[634] Destouches-Fevrier, P. Determinisme et indeterminisme. Paris: Presse Universitaire de France, 1951.
[635] Earman, J., Glymour, c., and Bendall, K. 'Symposium: Determinism'. Journal of Philosophy 68 (November 4, 1971): 729-761.
[636] Feyhman, R. P. 'Causality in Quantum Mechanics'. Reviews of Modem Physics 20 (1948), 367ff.
[637] Jauch, J. M. 'Determinism in Classical and Quanta! Physics'. Dialectica 27 (1973): 13-26.
[638] Kellner, G. 'Die Kausalitat in der Quanten-mechanik, II'. Zeitschriji fUr Physik 59 (1930): 820--835.
[639] Lande, A. 'Determinism vs. Continuity in Modem Science'. Mind 67 (1958): 174-181.
[640] Hinshaw, V., Jr. 'Determinism vs. Continuity'. Philosophy of Science 26 (1959): 310-324.
[641] Margenau, H. 'Causality and Modem Physics'. Monist 41 (1931): 1-36.
[642] Margenau, H. 'Probability and Causality in QM'. Monist 42 (1932): 161-188.
[643] Margenau, H., and Van Fraassen, B. 'Causality'. In R. Klibansky(ed.), Contemporary Philosophy, Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968.
[644] Mehlberg, H. 'The Problem of Causality in an Indeterministic Science'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 351-372.
[645] Mehlberg, H. 'Indeterministic Causality'. (Unpublished.)
[646] Mercier, A. 'Forms of Determinism, Objectivity, and the Classification of Sciences'. In Yourgrau & van der Merwe [136].
[647] Nagel, E. The Structure of Science. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1961. Chapter 10. 502 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[648] Polikarov, A. 'Zum Kausalitatsproblem'. In R. Klibansky (ed.), Contemporary Philosophy. Vol. 2. Firenze: La Nuova Italia Editrice, 1968: 298-318.
[649] Polikarov, A. 'Determinism in Physics'. Soviet Studies in Philosophy 13 (1974): 67-85.
[650] Popper, K. R. 'Indeterminism in Quantum Physics and in Classical Physics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 1 (1950): 1l7-133, 173-195.
[651] Rosenfeld, L. 'Unphilosophical Considerations on Causality in Physics'. In Your• grau & van der Merwe [136].
[652] Rybakov, Y. P. 'On the Causal Interpretation of QM'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 149-162.
[653] Schiller, R. 'Deterministic Interpretations of the Quantum Theory'. In M. Wartofsky (ed.), Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1963.
[654] Schlick, M. 'Die Kausalitat in der gegenwartigen Physik'. Die Naturwissenschaften 19 (1931): 145-162.
[655] Schlick, M. 'Causality in Contemporary Physics'. British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science 12 (1961/62): 177-193,281-298.
[656} Schulz, G. 'Kritik des von Neumannschen Beweises gegen die Kausalitat in'der Quantenmechanik'. Annalen der Physik 3 (1959): 94--104.
[657] Scriven, M. 'The Present Status of Determinism in Physics'. Journal of Philosophy 54 (1957): 727fI.
[658] Solomon, J. 'Sur l'indeterminisme de la mecanique quantique'. Journal de Physique et Ie Radium 4 (1933): 34--37.
[659] Suppes, p.l Probabilistic Theory of Causality. (Acta Philosophica Fennica, Fasc. 24.) Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1970.
[660] Bunge, M. 'Review of Suppes' A Probabilistic Theory of Causality'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 24 (1973): 409--410.
[661] Waismann, F. 'The Decline and Fall of Causality'. In Crombie [H-3]: 84--154.
[662] Workman, R. W. 'Is Indeterminism Supported by Quantum Theory?' Philosophy of Science 26 (1959): 251-259.
[663] Yevick, M. L. 'Probability and Determinism'. American Journal of Physics 25 (1957): 570--580. Also see: Audi [41]; Blokhintsev [43]; Bohm [46]; Bohr [160]; Born [138]; Freistadt [388]; Kronfli [550]; Scheibe [98]; Van Fraassen [101]; Vigier [156] and [459]. BIBLIOGRAPHY 503
x. TIME AND ENERGY IN QUANTUM PHYSICS [664] Aharanov, Y., and Bohm, D. 'Time in the Quantum Theory and the Uncertainty Relation for Time and Energy'. Physical Review 122 (1961): 1649-1658.
[665] FocIe, W. A. 'Criticism of an Attempt to Disprove the Uncertainty Relations Between Time and Energy'. Jurnal Eks. Theor. Fiz. 42 (1962): 1135-1139.
[666] Aharanov, Y., and Bohm, D. 'Answer to Fock Concerning the Time Energy In• determinacy Relation'. Physical Review 134 (1964): BI417-BI418.
[667] Fisk, M. 'Cause and Time in Physical Theory'. Review of Metaphysics 16 (1963): 522-549. (Contains a review of Schlegel [672].)
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XI. THE OBSERVATION AND MEASUREMENT PROBLEMS OF QM
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[696] Daneri, A., Loinger, A., and Prosperi, G. M. 'Further Remarks on the Relations Between Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Theory of Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento 44B (1966): 119-127.
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[703] Elsasser, W. 'On Quantum Measurements and the Role of the Uncertainty Relations in Statistical Mechanics'. Physical Review 52 (1937): 987-999.
[704] Fano, U. 'Description of States in QM by Density Matrix and Operator Techniques'. Reviews of Modem Physics 19 (1957): 74-93.
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[719] Groenewold, H. Foundations of Quantum Theory. Preprint of Institute for Theo• retical Physics, Groningen University, The Netherlands, 1969.
[720] Groenewold, H. 'Quantal Observation in Statistical Interpretation'. In Bastin [122].
[721] Groenewold, H. 'Skeptical Quantum Theory'. Paper delivered at the International Colloquium on Issues in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy of Science, and Their Relevance for Our Society, Pennsyl~ania State University, 1971. (U npublished.)
[722] Grossman, N. 'The Problem of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics: A Critical Survey'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1970.
[723] Hooker, C. A. 'Concerning Measurements in Quantum Theory: A Critique of a Recent Proposal'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 5 (1972): 231-250.
[724] Jauch, J. M. 'The Problem of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics'. Helvita Physica Acta 37 (1964): 293-316.
[725] Jauch, J. M., Wigner, E. P., and Yanase, M. M. 'Some Comments Concerning Measurements in Quantum Mechanics'. II Nuovo Omento 48B (1967): 144--151. BIBLIOGRAPHY 507
[726] Jordan, P. 'On the Process of Measurement in Quantum Mechanics'. Philosophy of Science 16 (1949): 269-278.
[727] Kemble, E. C. 'Reality, Measurement and the State of the System in QM'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 273-299.
[728] McKinney, I. P. 'Comments on a Paper by Prof. Kemble'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 227-231.
[729] Kemble, E. C. 'Reply to Mr. McKinney'. Philosophy of Science 20 (1953): 232-235.
[730] Komar, A. 'Indeterminate Character of the Reduction of the Wave Packet in Quan• tum Theory'. Physical Review 126 (1962): 365-369.
[731] Krips, H. 'Theory of Measurement'. II Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 6 (1968): 1127-1135.
[732] Krips, H. 'Fundamentals of Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento 60B (1969): 278-290.
[733] Krips, H. 'Axioms of Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento 61B (1969): 12-24.
[734] Krips, H. 'Defence of a Measurement Theory'. II Nuovo Cimento IB (1971): 23-33.
[735] Van Fraassen, B. C. 'On Krips' Interpretation ofQM'. (Unpublished mimeo note.)
[736] Lande, A. 'Zur Quantentheorie der Messung'. Zeitschriji flir Physik 153 (1959): 389-393.
[737] Lanz, L., Lanz, G. R., and Scotti, A. 'Considerations on the Problem of Deriving the Master Equation and Characterizing Macroscopic Observables'. In T. A. Bak (ed.), Statistical Mechanics; Foundations and Applications. New York: Benjamin, 1967.
[738] Lanz, L., Prosperi, G. M., and Sabbadini, A. 'Time Scales and the Problem of Mea• surement in Quantum Mechanics'. II Nuovo Cimento 'B-l~-2 (1971): 184-192.
[739] Loinger, A. 'A Study of the Quantum Ergodic Problem'. In P. Caldirola (ed.), Proceedings of the Intetnational School of Physics, XIV, 'Enrico Fermi'; Ergodic Theories. New York: Academic Press, 1960.
[740] Loinger, A. 'Comments on a Recent Paper Concerning the Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Nuclear Physics AI08 (1968): 245-249.
[741] London, F., and Bauer, E. La tMorie de l'observation en mechanique quantique. Paris: Herman, 1939.
[742] Ludwig, G. 'Des Messprozess'. Zeitschriftflir Physik 135 (1953): 483-511.
[743] Ludwig, G. 'Gelaste und ungelaste Probleme des Messprozesses in der Quanten• mechanik'. In F. Bopp (ed.), Werner Heisenberg and die Physik unserer Zeit. Braun• schweig: Friendrich Vieweg, 1961. 508 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[744] Ludwig, G. 'The Measuring Process and an Axiomatic Foundation of QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[745] Liiders, G. 'Uber die Zustandsanderung durch den Messprozess'. Annalen der Physik 8 (1951): 322-328.
[746] Margenau, H. 'Quantum Mechanical Descriptions'. Physical Review 49 (1936): 240--242.
[747] Margenau, H. 'Measurements in Quantum Mechanics'. Annals of Physics 23 (1963): 469--485.
[748] Margenau, M., and Hill, R. N. 'Correlations Between Measurements in Quantum Theory'. Progress in Theoretical Physics (Kyoto) 26 (1961): 722-738.
[749] Margenau, H., and Park, J. L. 'The Physics and Semantics of Quantum Measure• ment'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 19-28.
[750] Maxwell, N. 'A New Look at the QM Problem of Measurement'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 1413-1435.
[751] Band, W., and Park, J. L. 'Comments Concerning "A New Look at the Quantum Mechanical Problem of Measurement'''. American Journal of Physics 41 (1~73): 1021-1022.
[752] Maxwell, N. 'The Problem of Measurement-Real or Imaginary?' American Journal of Physics 41 (1973): 1022-1025.
[753] McKnight, J. 'The Quantum Theoretical Concept of Measurement'. Philosophy of Science 24 (1957): 321-330.
[754] McKnight, J. L. 'The Quantum Theoretical Concept of Measurement'. In W. Churchman and P. Ratoosh (eds.), Measurement, Definition and Theories. New York: Wiley, 1959.
[755] McKnight, J. 'An Extended Latency Interpretation of Quantum Mechanical Mea• surement'. Philosophy of Science 25 (1958): 209-222.
[756] Mould, R. A. 'Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Annals of Physics 176 (1962): 404--417.
[757] Moldauer, P. A. 'A Reinterpretation of von Neumann's Theory of Measurement'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 41--47.
[758] Moldauer, P. A. 'Is There a Quantum Measurement Problem?' Physical Review 5D (1972): 1028-1032. .
[759] Fine, A. I. 'There is a Measurement Problem: A Comment'. Physical Review 5D (1972): 1033. BIBLIOGRAPHY 509
[760] Nilson, D. 'Quantum Logic, Quantum Probability, and Quantum Measurement: A Philosophical Perspective on the Quantum Theory'. Unpublished Ph.D. Disser• tation, Indiana University, 1972.
[761] Park, J. L. 'Quantum Theoretical Concepts of Measurement'. Philosophy of Science 35 (1968): I: 205-231, and II: 389-411.
[762] Park, J. L. 'The Concept of Transition in QM'. Founckltions of Physics 1 (1970): 23-33.
[763] Park, J. L. 'The Self-Contradictory Foundations of Formalistic Quantum Measure• ment Theories'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 211-218.
[764] Park, J. L., and Band, W. 'QM State Preparation: A Simple Model'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 6 (1972): 9-29.
[765] Peres, A. 'Quantum Measurements Are Reversible'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 886--891.
[766] Peres, A., and Rosen, N. 'Measurement of a Quantum Ensemble by a Classical Apparatus'. Annals of Physics 29 (1964): 366--377.
[767] Peres, A.,lj.nd Rosen, N. 'Macroscopic Bodies in Quantum'Theory'. Physical Review 1358 (1964): 1486--1488.
[768] Prosperi, G. M. 'Quantum Theory of Measurement'. In J. Thewlis (ed.), Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Physics, Suppl. Vol. 2. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1967.
[769] Prosperi, G. M. 'Macroscopic Physics, Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Theory of Measurement'. In Bastin (68).
[770] Prosperi, G. M. 'Macroscopic Physics and the Problem of Measurement in QM'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[771] Prugovecki, E. 'On a Theory of Measurement of Incompatible Observables in QM'. Canadian Journal of Physics 4S (1967): 2173-2219.
[772] Prugovecki, E. 'A Postulational Framework for Theories of Simultaneous Measure• ment of Several Observables'. Founckltions of Physics 3 (1973): 3-18.
[773] Prugovecki, E. 'Fuzzy Sets in the Theory of Measurement of Incompatible Observ• abies'. Founckltions of Physics 4 (1974): 9-18.
[774] Putnam, H. 'Comments on the Paper of D. Sharp'. Philosophy of Science 28 (1961): 234--237.
[775] Margenau, H., and Wigner, E. 'Comments on Professor Putnam's Comments'. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 292-293. 510 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[776] Putnam, H. 'Comments on Comments on Comments: A Reply to Margenau and Wigner'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 1-6.
[777] Margenau, H., and Wigner, E. 'Reply to Professor Putnam'. Philosophy of Science 31 (1964): 7-9.
[778] Reece, G. 'The Theory of Measurement in QM'. International Journal of Theoretical PhYSics 7 (1973): 81-117. This article contains an extensive annotated bibliography on QM measurement. [779] Reichenbach, H. 'The Principle of Anomaly in QM'. Dialectica 2 (1948): 337-350.
[780] Renninger, M. 'Messung ohne Storung des Messobjekts'. Zeitschrift for Physik 158 (1960): 417-421.
[781] Rosenfeld, L. The Measuring Process in Quantum Mechanics'. In Progress in Theo• retical Physics: Supplementary Issuefor the 30th Anniversary of the Meson Theory by H. Yukawa (196~): 222-231.
[782] Rosenfeld, L. 'Questions of Method in the Consistency Problem of Quantum Mechanics'. Nuclear Physics AI08 (1968): 241-244.
[783] SchrOdinger, E. 'Die Gegenwlirtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik'. Die Nfltur• wissenschaften 23 (1935): 807-812, 823-828, 844-849.
[784] Schrodinger, E. 'Are There Quantum Jumps?' British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 3 (1952): 109-123,233-242.
[785] Schulman, L. S. 'Measurement and Interference'. American Journal of Physics 37 (1969): 1220-1221.
[786] Schwinger, J. 'The Algebra of Microscopic Measurement'. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences-U.S. 45 (1959): 1542-1553.
[787] Scott, W. 'The Conseque~ces of Measur~ment in QM'. Annals of Physics 46 (1968): 577-592.
[788] Shimony, A. 'Role of the Observer in Quantum Theory'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 755-773.
[789] Sperber, G. 'On Measurement and Irreversible Processes'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 163-180.
[790] Stein, H., and Shimony, A. 'Limitations on Measurement'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[791] Teller, E. 'Der quantenmechanische Messprozess und die Entropie'. In F. Bopp (ed.), W. Heisenberg und die Physik unserer Zeit. Braunschweig: 1961.
[792] Van Fraassen [101]. BIBLIOGRAPHY 511
[793] Wakita, H. 'Measurement in QM'. Progress of Theoretical Physics 23 (1960): 32-40.
[794] Wakita, H. 'Measurement in QM, II and III.' Progress of Theoretical Physics 27 (1962): 139-144, 1156-1164.
[795] Weidlich, W. 'Problems of the Quantum Theory of Measurement'. Zeitschrift for Physik 205 (1967): 199-220.
[796] Wbiteman, M. 'The Phenomenology of Observation and Explanation in Quantum Theory'. In Bastin [122].
[797] Wigner, E. [S09].
[79S] Yanase, M. 'Optimal Measuring Apparatus'. Physical Review 123 (1961): 666-{)6S.
[799] Yanase, M. 'Remarks on the Theory of Measurement in QM'. American Journal of Physics 32 (1964): 20S-211.
[SOO] Yanase, M. 'Optimal Measuring Apparatus'. In D'Espagnat [126].
[801] Zeh, H. D. 'On the Interpretation 6fMeasurement in Quantum Theory'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 69-76.
[S02] Zeh, H. D. 'Toward a Quantum Theory of Observation'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 109-116.
[S03] Zeh, H. D. 'On the Irreversibility of Time and Observation in Quantum Theory'. In D'Espagnat [126]. Concerning measurement in QM, also consult: Blokhintsev [43]; Bohm [105]; Bohm & Bub [378]; Bub [47]; D'Espagnat [54]; DeWitt [298]; Everett [295]; Feyerabend [57], [16S], and [251]; Furry [327] and [32S]; Gottfried [Ill]; Hooker [ISO] and [356]; Jauch [69], Chapter II; Krips [355]; Lande [250]; Ludwig [116]; Margenau [230]; Margenau & Park [233]; Mehra [84]; Mittelstaedt [24]; Prugovecki [574]; Putnam [150] and [2S]; Scheibe [98]; Stapp [154]; Van Kampen [121]; Wigner [SOS], [SI0], [SI1], [812], and [S13]; and Zweifel [359].
XII. 'CONSCIOUSNESS' AND QUANTUM THEORY
[S04] Bass, L. 'The Mind ofWigner's Friend'. Hermathena 112 (1971): 52-6S.
[S05] Bell, J. S., and Nauenberg, M. 'The Moral Aspect ofQM'. In Preludes in Theoretical Physics: Essays in Honor of v. Weisskopf Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1966.
[806] Freundlich, Y. 'Mind, Matter, and Physicists'. Foundations of Physics 2 (1972): 129-148.
[S07] Walker, E. H. 'Consciousness as a Hidden Variable'. Physics Today 24 (1971): 39ff.
[SOS] Wigner, E. P. 'Remarks on the Mind-Body Question'. In i. J. Good (ed.), The Scien• tist Speculates. London: Heinemann, 1961. 512 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[809] Wigner, E. P. 'The Problem of Measurement'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 6-15.
[810] Wigner, E. P. Symmetries and Reflections: Scientific Essays. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967.
[811] Wigner, E. 'Epistemology of Quantum Mechanics: Its Appraisals and Demands'. Psychological Issues 6 (1969): 22-36.
[812] Wigner, E. P. 'Physics and the Explanation of Life'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1970): 35-45.
[813] Wigner, E. P. 'Epistemological Perspective on Quantum Theory'. In Hooker [129].
XIII. THE BEARING OF QM ON THE QUESTION OF HUMAN FREEDOM [814] Jordan, P. 'Quantenphysikalische Bermerkungen zur Biologie und Psychologie'. Erkenntnis 4 (1934): 215-252.
[815] Frank, P. Philosophy of Science: The Link Between Science and Philosophy. Engle• wood Clift's, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1957. Chapter 10.
[816] Margenau, H. 'QM, Free Will, and Determinism'. Journal of Philosophy 64 (1,967): 714-725.
[817] Scriven, M. Primary Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966. Pp. 200-201.
[818] Sellars, W. 'Fatalism and Determinism'. In K. Lehrer (ed.), Freedom and Deter• minism. New York: Random House, 1966. P. 145.
XIV. AXIOMATIC FOUNDATIONS FOR QM [819] Bunge, M. 'Physical Axiomatics'. Reviews of Modern Physics 39 (1967): 463ft'.
[820] Bunge, M. 'A Ghost-Free Axiomatizatiqn ofQM'. In Bunge [123].
[821] Davidson, W. C., and Ekstein, H. 'Observables in QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 5 (1964): 1588-1594.
[822] Gauthier, Y. 'Discussion: The Use of the Axiomatic Method in Quantum Physics'. Philosophy of Science 38 (1971): 429-437.
[823] Gudder, S. P. 'Coordinate and Momentum Observables in Axiomatic Quantum Mechanics'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 8 (1967): 1848-1858.
[824] Gudder, S. P. 'Systems of Observables in Axiomatic QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 8 (1967): 2109-2113.
[825] Gudder, S. P., and Boyce, L. 'A Comparison of the Mackey and Segal Models for QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 3 (1970): 7-21. BIBLIOGRAPHY 513
[826] Guenin, M. 'Axiomatic Foundations of QM'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 7 (1966): 271-282.
[827] Jordan, P. 'Zur axiomatischen Begriindung der Quantenmechanik'. Zeitschriji for Physik 133 (1952): 21-29.
[828] Ludwig, G. 'Versuch einer axiomatischen Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik und allgemeinerer physikalischen Theorien'. Zeitschriftfor Physik 181 (1964): 233-260.
[829] Ludwig, G. 'Attempt of an Axiomatic Foundation of Quantum Mechanics and More General Theories, II'. Communications in Mathematical Physics 4 (1967): 331-348.
[830] Ludwig, G. 'An Axiomatic Foundation ofQM on a Non-subjective Basis'. In Bunge [123].
[831] Maczynski, M. 1. 'A Remark on Mackey's Axiom System for QM'. Academie Polo• naise des Sciences Bulletin 15 (1967): 583-587.
[832] Maczynski, M. 1. 'Hilbert Space Formalism ofQM without the Hilbert Space Axiom'. Reports on Mathematical Physics 3 (1972): 209-219.
[833] Maczynski, M. J. 'The Orthogonality Postulate in Axiomatic QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 8 (1973): 353-360.
[834] Piron, C. 'Axiomatique Quantique'. Helvetica Physica Acta 37 (1964): 439-468.
[835] Prugovecki, E. 'Axiomatic Approach to the Formalism of QM'. Journal of Mathe• matical Physics 7 (1966): 1054-1069, 1070-1090.
[836] Salt, D. 'Physical Axiomatics: Freudenthal vs. Bunge'. Foundations of Physics 1 (1971): 307-313.
[837] Segal, l. E. 'Postulates for General Quantum Mechanics'. Annals of Mathematics 48 (1947): 930-948.
[838] Segal, l. E. Mathematical Problems of Relativistic Physics. Providence: American Mathematics Society, 1963.
[839] Segal, l. E. 'Abstract Probability Spaces and a Theorem of Kolmogorov'. American Journal of Mathematics 76 (1954): 712-732.
[840] Sherman, S. 'On Segal's Postulates for General Quantum Mechanics'. Annals oj Mathematics 64 (1956): 593-601.
[841] Stolz, P. 'Attempt of an Axiomatic Foundation of Quantum Mechanics and More General Theories'. Communications in Mathematical Physics 11 (1968): 303-313.
[842] Wigner, E. P. 'The Use of the Axiomatic Method in Quantum Physics'. (Unpub• lished.) 514 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Also consult: Bunge [5]; Gleason [520]; Giles [60]; Gudder [431]; Jauch [69]; Ludwig [744]; Mackey [76]; Rosenfeld [781]; Scheibe [98]; Von Neumann [102]; and Varadarajan [458].
XV. THE UNCERTAINTY RELATIONS
[843] Beck, G., and Nussenzweig, H. M. 'Uncertainty Relations and Diffraction by a Slit'. II Nuovo Cimento 9 (1958): 1068-1076.
[844] Bligh, P. H. 'Note on the Uncertainty Principle and Barrier Penetration'. American Journa/ of Physics 42 (1974): 337-338.
[845] Carella, M. 'Classical Dualism and the Uncertainty Principle'. The Modern Schoo/• man 49 (1972): 125-134.
[846] Condon, E. U. 'Remarks on Uncertainty Principles'. Science 69 (1929): 573-574.
[847] Datzeff, A. 'Sur l'interpretation de la mechanique quantique. Relations d'incerti• tude'. Comptes Rendue Hebdomadaires de I'Academie des Sciences 251 (1960): 1462- 1464.
[848] Ditchbum, R. W. 'The Uncertainty Principle in QM'. Proceedings of the Roya/Irish Academy 39 (1930): 73-80.
[849] Fenyes, I. 'Stochastischer Abhiingigkeitscharakter der Heisenbergschen Ungerrauig• keits-relation'. Die Naturwissenschaften 39 (1952): 568.
[850] Gomide, F. M., and Braga Rego, G. 'On Heisenberg's Proof of the Uncertainty Re• lations'. Anais de Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 28 (1956): 179-181.
[851] Herdan, G. 'Heisenberg's Uncertainty Relation as a Case of Stochastic Dependence'. Die Naturwissenschajien 39 (1952): 350.
[852] Horz, H. 'Die philosophische Bedeutung der Heisenbergschen Unbestimmtheits• relation'. Deutsche Zeitschriji for Phi/osophie 8 (1960): 702-709.
[853] Judge, P. 'On th~ Uncertainty Relation for Angle Variables'. II Nuovo Cimento 31 (1964): 332-340.
[854] Kennard, E. H. 'Note on Heisenberg'S Indetermination Principle'. Physical Revielv 31 (1928): 344-348.
[855] Kirschenmann, P. 'Reciprocity in the Uncertainty Relations'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 52-58.
[856] Lande, A. 'Quantum Indeterminacy, a Consequence of Cause-Effect Continuity'. Dia/ectica 8 (1954): 199-209.
[857] Landesberg, P. T. 'The Uncertainty Principle as a Problem in Philosophy'. Mind 56 (1947): 260-266. BIBLIOGRAPHY 515
[858] Levy-Leblond, J.-M. 'Uncertainty Relations for Nonsimultaneous Measurements'. American Journal of Physics 40 (1972): 899-901.
[859] Popper, K. R. 'Zur Kritik der Ungenauigkeitsrelationen'. Die Naturwissenschaften 22 (1934): 807-808.
[860] Von Weizsacker, C. F. 'Antwort auf Popper'. Die Naturwissenschaften 22 (1934): 808.
[861] Robinson, M. 'A Thought Experiment Violating Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle'. Canadian Journal of Physics 47 (1969): 963-968.
[862] Ryason, P. R. 'Proposed Direct Test of the Uncertainty Principle'. Physical Review lIS (1959): 784-785.
[863] Schrodinger, E. 'Zum Heisenbergschen Unscharfeprinzip'. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (1930): 296-303.
[864] Tyagi, U. K. 'New Derivation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle'. American Journal of Physics 31 (1963): 624.
[865] van Vleck, J. H. 'Note on Liouville's Theorem and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle'. Philosophy of Science 8 (1941): 275-279. Also see Aharanov & Bohm [664] and [666]; Elsasser [703]; Fock [665]; Griinbaum, [206]; Heisenberg [113]; Popper [237] and [238].
XVI. FASTER-THAN-LIGHT PARTICLES: THE QUESTION OF TACHYONS
[866] Feldman, L. M. 'Short Bibliography on Faster-Than-Light Particles (Tachyons)'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 179-182. This rather lengthy bibliography may be supplemented with the following papers:
[867] Fitzgerald, P. 'Tachyons, Backwards Causation, and Freedom'. In Cohen & War• tofsky (eds.), PSA 1970. (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 8). Dordrecht: Reidel, 1971.
[868] Fitzgerald, P. 'On Retrocausality'. Philosophia 4 (1974): 513-551.
[869] Kreisler, M. N. 'Are There Faster-Than-Light Particles?' American Scientist 61 (1973): 201-208.
[870] Shankara, T. S. 'Tachyons via Supersonics'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 97-104.
[871] Recami, E., and Mignani, R. 'Classical Theory of Tachyons (Special Relativity Extended to Superluminal Frames and Objects)'. Revista del Nuovo Cimento 4 (1974): 209-290. (See also Erratum note: 4 (1974): p. 398.) Pp. 285-290: 'Bibliography on Tachyons'. This is a useful supplement to item [866].
[872] Sigal, R., and Shamaly, A. 'Tachyon Behavior in General Relativity'. Physical Review DlO (1974): 2358-2361. 516 BIBLIOGRAPHY
XVII. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS IN THE FOUNDATIONS OF QM
[873] Bergmann, G. 'The Logic of Quanta'. American Journal ofPhysics 15 (1947): 497-508.
[874] Bertotti, B. 'QM and the Uniqueness of the World'. II Nuovo Cimento, Suppl. 17 (1960): 1-7.
[875] Born, M. 'Physical Aspects of QM'. Nature 119 (1926): 354-357.
[876] DeBroglie, L. 'Strong Processes and Transient States'. Foundations ofPhysics 4 {I 974): 321-334.
[877] Bunge, M. 'Analogy in Quantum Theory: From Insight to Nonsense'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 18 (1967): 265-286.
[878] Chari, C. T. K. 'Philosophic Issues about Irreversibility in Classical and Quantum Physics'. Methodos 15 (1963): 205-218.
[879] Chari, C. T. K. 'Information Theory, QM, and "Linguistic Duality'''. Dialectica 20 (1966): 66--88.
[880] Chew, G. 'The Dubious Role of the Space-Time Continuum in Microscopic Physics'. Science Progress 51 (1963): 529-539.
[881] Chew, G. F. 'The Bootstrap Idea and the Foundations of Quantum Theory'. In Bastin [122].
[882] Gale, G. 'Chew's Monadology'. Journal of the History of Ideas 35 (1974): 339-348.
[883] Cortes, A. 'Identity in Quantum Mechanics'. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University, 1971.
[884] Cranston, J. B. 'Quantum Theory and the Mechanistic Paradigm'. Proceedings of the "New Mexico- West Texas Philosophical Society (1972): 4-11.
[885] Day, T. 'Demonstration ofQM in the L¥ge'. Physical Review 121 (1961): 1204-1206.
[886] Dirac, P. A. M., and Perlman, S. 'Equivalence of the Schrodinger and Heisenberg Pictures'. Nature 204 (1964): 771-772.
[887] Elsasser, W. 'QM, Amplifying Processes, and Living Matter'. Philosophy of Science 18 (1951): 300-326.
[888] Emch, G., and Piron, C. 'Symmetry in Quantum Theory'. Journal of Mathematical Physics 4 (1963): 469-473.
[889] Feigl, H. 'Matter Still Largely Material'. Philosophy of Science 29 (1962): 39--46.
[890] Freundlich, Y. 'Objects and Their Attributes: A Physicist's Point of View'. Founda• tions of Physics 4 (1974): 1-8. BIBLIOGRAPHY 517
[891] Gerjuoy, E. 'Is the Principle of Superposition Really Necessary?' In Hooker [129].
[892] Gilson, J. 'Subquantum Dynamics'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 281-292.
[893] Glimm, J. 'The Foundations of Quantum Field Theory'. Advances in Mathematics 3 (1969): IOlff.
[894] Goldman, S. 'The Mechanics of Individuality in Nature, II: Barriers, Cells, and Individuality'. Foundations of Physics 3 (1973): 203-228.
[895] Grgin, E., and Petersen, A. 'Relation Between Classical and Quantum Mechanics'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 6 (1972): 325-337.
[896] Gruber, G. R. 'Comments on the Correspondence Principles of Quantum Mechanical Operators'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 19-22.
[897] Gudder, S. 'A Transient Quantum Effect'. Foundations of Physics 4 (1974): 413--416.
[898] Gudder, S. P., and Boyce, L. 'A Superposition Principle in Physics'. Journal of Math• ematical Physics 11 (1970): 1037-1040.
[899] Hanson, N. R. 'Picturing Atomic Particles'. Scientia 53 (1959): 149-157.
[900] Paul, A. M. 'Hanson on the Unpicturability of Micro-entities'. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 23 (1972): 50-53.
[901] Noren, S. J. 'The Picturability of Micro-Entities'. Philosophy of Science 40 (1973): 234-241.
[902] Hanson, N. R. 'Are Wave Mechanics and Matrix Mechanics Equivalent Theories?' In Feigl & MaxweU [128].
[903] Hartshorne, C. 'Charles Peirce and Quantum Mechanics'. Transactiqns of the Charles S. Peirce Society 9 (1973): 191-201.
[904] Hellwig, K.-E. 'Coexistence Effects in QM'. International Journal of Theoretical Physics 2 (1969): 147-155.
[905] Hill, E. L. 'Quantum Physics and the Relativity Theory'. In Feigl & Maxwell [128].
[906] Hill, E. L. 'Classical Mechanics as a Limiting Form of QM'. In P. Feyerabend and G. Maxwell (eds.), Mind. Matter. and Method. Minneapolis: University of Minne• sota, 1966.
[907] Hooker, C. A. 'The Impact of QM on the Conceptual Bases for the Classification of Knowledge'. (Unpublished.)
[908] Janossy, L. 'The Physical Aspects of the Wave Particle Problem'. Acta Physica Aca• demiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 1 (1952): 423--467. 518 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[909] Jauch, J. M., and Baron, J. G. 'Information Theory and Thermodynamics'. Helvetica Physica Acta 4S (1972): 220ff.
[910] Costa de Beauregard, 0., and Tribus, M. 'Information Theory and Thermodynamics'. Helvetica Physica Acta 47 (1974): 238-247.
[911] Jonsson, C. 'Electron Diffraction at Multiple Slits'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 4ff.
[912] Knight, B. 'Alternative Formulation of QM'. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philo• sophical Society 61 (1965): 917-921.
[913] Kobe, D. H. 'Comments on the Classical Limit ofQM'. American Journal of Physics 42 (1974): 73-74.
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Abbott, J. C., 491 Bendall, K., 501 Ackermann, R., 491 Benioff, P., 190, 192 Adjukiewicz, K., 491 Bennett, M. K., 115, 119 Agassi, J., 474 Bergmann, H., 500 Agassi, J., 476 Bergmann, P. G., 475, 503, 516 Aharanov, Y., 484, 503, 515 Bergstein, T., 465, 474 Albertson, J., 475, 485 Bernays, P., 474, 500 Allen, L., 460 Bertotti, B., 516 Allen, R. E., 480 Beth, E. W., 462, 500 Amai, S., 504 Biem, W.,477 Amson, J. C., 215 Birkhoff, G., 91, 102, 119, 161, 176, 179, Anderson, D. L., 460 192, 235, 236, 238, 244, 491 Andrade e Silva, J., 504 Bjlilrnestad, 0.,235 Ar'nold,7 Black, M., 244 Araki, H., 250, 280, 491, 504 Bligh, P. H., 514 Arthurs, E., 186, 192 Blokhintsev, D.l., 457, 465, 478, 487,502, Ashby, W. R., 209, 218 503,511 Audi, M., 465, 475, 478, 487,500,502 Bocchieri, P., 504 Bocchieri, V., 485 Baker, G. A., 487 Bodiou, G., 488 Ballentine, J. E., 225, 234, 251, 252, 280 Bohm, D., 402, 408, 419, 465, 468, 479, Ballentine, L. E., 473, 475, 480, 481, 485 480, 481, 482, 484, 485, 488, 502, 503, Band, W., 508 511, SIS Banks, P., 491 Bohr, N., 142, 196,270,436,442,460,471, Baracca, A., 504 472,481,482,500,502 Baron, G., 145 Bondi, H., 214, 218 Baron, J. G., 518 Boorse, H. A., 460 Bartlett, M. S., 316, 321, 488 Borges, J. L., 481 Bass, L., 511 Born, M., 179, 180, 187, 192, 212, 213, Basson, A. H., 491 217,222,288,291,421,422,430,462, Bastin, E. W., 195, 199,207,209,210,215, 470, 475, 476, 478, 481, 500, 502, 516 218,469,485 Boyce, L., 494, 500, 512 Beck, G., 514 Bradley, R., 500 Bedau, H., 474 Braga Rego, G., 514 Belinfante, F. J., 145, 146, 403, 419, 485 Brillouin, L., 243, 244 Bell, J. S., 205, 207, 208, 218, 249, 256, Brittin, W. E., 145, 146 257, 260, 261, 262, 267, 268, 269, 271, Britton, K., 491 276, 279, 280, 324, 325, 363, 408, 412, Brouwer, L. E. J., 8, 9 414, 418, 419, 445, 447, 452, 455, 482, Brown, 308 485,511 Bub, J., ISO, 176,222,234,264, 265, 280, Beltrametti, E. G.,. 491 283, 327, 363, 397, 402, 412, 419, 420, 522 INDEX OF NAMES
423, 425, 426, 429, 430, 465, 470, 472, D'Abro, A., 460 476, 479, 480, 482, 485, 486, 487, 491, D'Espagnat, B., 463, 465, 469, 475, 480, 500, 504, 511 481, 482, 487, 505, 511 Biichel, W., 462, 465 Dacey, J. C., 91, 102, 116 Bunge, M., 458, 462, 463, 465, 469, 470, Daneri, A., 222, 230, 232, 234, 505 474, 489, 491, 500, 502, 512, 514, 516 Datzeff, A., 465,514 Burgers, J. M., 479, 504 Davidson, W. C.,512 Burnside, W., 85, 102 Day, T., 516 Butrick, R., 492 Dear, G. F., 501 de Broglie, L., 22, 34, 37, 46, 436, 462, Caldirola, P., 469,504 465,470,500,516 Cantore, E., 465 Dedekind, R., 9 Cap, F., 500 Degasperis, A., 505 Capasso, V., 482, 486 de Klerk, A., 521 Capek, M., 479 de Luca, A., 149, 176 Carella, M., 514 Demopoulos, W., 421, 491 Camap, R., 465 Destouches-Fevrier, P., 463, 465, 474, Cartwright, N. D., 221, 287, 300, 325, 363, 492,500,501 488,504 Destouches, J. L., 463, 470, 474 Cassinelli, G., 491 De Witt, B. S., 19,46,458,460,480,481, Cassirer, E., 501 511 Catlin, D., 492 Dirac, P. A. M., 101, 102, 333, 363, 468, Caws, P., 501 471,516 Chappell, W. R., 145, 146 Dishkant, H., 492 Chari, C. T. K., 488, 516 Ditchbnm, R. W., 514 Chew, G. F., 503, 516 Domotor, Z., 147 Church, A., 243, 244, 491, 492 Donio, J., 321, 322 Cirelli, R., 492 Donnellan, T., 492 Clark, I. D., 492 Dorling, J., 293, 300, 505 Clarke, C. J. S., 218, 504 Dummett, M., 492 Clauser, J. F., 412, 420, 445, 453, 455, 487 Dunford, N., 243, 244 Cline, B., 460 Durand, L., 505 Cohen, L., 280, 325, 363, 488, 489 Dyson, F. J., 217, 218 Cohen, R. S., 470 Cole, E. A. B., 492 Earman, J., 501, 505 Colodny, R., 469 Eddington, 214 Commins, E. D., 484 Ehrenfeucht, A., 17 Compton, J., 289, 467, 476 Einstein, A., 21, 22, 37, 125, 179, 186, Condon, E. U., 514 192, 200, 249, 251, 280, 283, 308, 325, Cooper, J. L. B., 482 359, 363, 421, 431, 433, 437, 442, 444, Cooper, L. N., 505 463, 476, 481, 482 Cortes, A., 516 Eisenbud, L., 468 Costa de Beauregard, 0., 482, 492, 518 Ekstein, H., 512 Cota-Ramusino, P., 492 Elsasser, W. M., 465, 505, 515, 516 Cranston, J. B. 516 Emch, G., 493, 516 Crawley, P., 492 Enz, C. P., 469 Crombie, A. C., 460 Erlichson, H., 471, 478, 483, 484 Cropper, W., 460 Erwin, E., 493 Curry, H. B., 492 Everett, H., 19,46,480,481,511 INDEX OF NAMES 523
Fano, G., 468 Gerelle, E. R., 105, 117, 119 Fano, U., 227, 234, 505 Gerjuoy, E., 517 Farber, M., 493 Ghirardi, G. C., 505, 506 Farquhar, I. E., 232, 234 Giere, R. N., 488 Fay, G., 243, 244 Giles, R., 466, 514 Feigl, H., 469,516 Gillespie, D. T., 468 Feldman, L. M., 515 Gilson, J., 517 Fenyes, I., 514 Ginsberg, R., 320, 322 Fevrier, P., 463, 493 Gleason, A. M., 102, 103, 135, 145, 146, Feyerabend, P. K., 465, 467, 472, 474, 235, 258, 280, 426, 431, 487, 494, 514 477, 478, 479, 486, 493, 505, 511 Glimm, J., 517 Feynman, R. P., 180, 192, 468, 488, 501 Glymour, C., 494, 501 Finch, P. D., 55, 71, 149, 171, 177, 493 Gnedenko, B. V., 313, 322 Fine, A. I., 190, 221, 226, 229, 234, 249, Godel, K., 10, 11 250, 274, 275, 280, 465, 486, 488, 491, Goldblatt, R. I., 494 500, 505, 506, 508 Goldman, S., 517 Fine, T. L., 176, 179, 181, 183, 184, 190, Gomide, F. M., 514 192 Gonseth, F., 494 Finkelstein, D., 481, 493 Gordon, J. P., 186, 193 Fisk, M., 478, 494, 503 Gottfried, K., 469, 511 Fitzgerald, P., 515 Graham, L., 478 Fock, V., 465 Graham, N., 19, 46 Fock, W. A., 471, 503, 515 Graham, R. N., 458, 460, 470, 480, 481 Fonda, L., 505, 506 Graves, J. c., 494 Forman, P., 460, 462 Greechie, R. J., 55, 71, 95, 103, 105, 108, Fortunado, D., 482, 486 111, 112, 119, 150, 177,427,431,458, Foulis, D. J., 64, 73, 78, 85,90,91,92,95, 494 96,98, 102, 103, 180, 193 Green, H. S., 469, 506 Fraisse, R., 19 Grenander, U., 488 Frank, P., 512 Grgin, E., 517 Freedman, S. J., 411, 412, 420, 486, 487 Griffiths, J. H. E., 335, 363 Frege, G., 9 Groenewold, H. J., 221, 225, 226, 234, Freistadt, D., 486, 502 288,476,506 Freundlich, Y., 511, 516 Grossman, N., 287, 300, 477, 481, 488,506 Friedman, M., 494 Gruber, G: R., 517 Fries, H. S., 482 Griinbaum, A., 474, 476, 515 Frisch, R. 0., 506 Gudder, S. P., 55, 71, 105, Ill, 119, 145, Fuchs, W. R., 494 146, 148, 150, 152, 161, 177, 427, 431, Fujiwara, I., 506 458, 486, 488, 489, 494, 500, 512, 514, Furry, W. H., 482, 506, 511 517 Guenin, M., 513, 519 Gale, G., 516 Guillemin, V., 460 Galindo, A., 146 Gutkowski, S. P., 486 Gallone, F., 494 Gandy, R. 0.,17,18 Hadamard, J., 4 Gardeil, H.-D., 243, 244 Hall, R., 472 Gardner, M., 477, 478, 486, 494, 500 Haimos, P. R., 351, 363, 489 Garstens, M. A., 506 Hanson, N. R., 462, 466, 472, 517 Gauthier, Y., 512 Hardegree, G. M., 55, 495 524 INDEX OF NAMES
Harre, R., 466 Jeffrey, H., 489 Hartshorne, C., 517 Jeffrey, R., 176 Hartshorne, R., 1I8, 119 Jeffreys, H., 489 Haskins, L., 1I8, 1I9 Jonsson, C., 518 Heelan, P. A., 458, 472, 478, 479, 495, 500 Jordan, P., 495, 507, 512, 513 Heffner, H., 186, 187, 193,498 Judge, P. 514 Heider, L. J., 100, 103 Heilbron, J. L., 457, 460, 461 Kampffer, F. A., 469 Heisenberg, W., 212, 442, 460, 462, 466, Kan, D., 165, 177 469,471,472,500,515 Kaplan, M. A., 183, 193 Hellwig, K.-E., 517 Karlin, S., 308, 309, 322 Helstrom, C. W., 186, 193 Kasday, L., 484 Henkin, L., 495 Keller, J. B., 486 Herbut, F., 482 Kelley, J. L., 186, 192 Herdan, G., 514 Kellner, G., 501 Herman, L., 70, 71 Kemble, E. C., 466, 469, 507 Hermann, A., 437, 444, 461 Kennard, E. H., 514 Hermann, G., 466 Kennedy, R. S., 186, 193 Hesse, M. B., 463 Kershaw, D., 486 Hilbert, D., 125 Khinchine, A., 313 Hill, E. L., 517 Kilmister, C. W., 215, 218 Hill, R. N., 508 Kirschenmann, P., 514 Hinshaw, V., 478, 501 Klein, F., 153 Hirosige, T., 461 Klein, M. J., 461, 481 Hockney, D., 495 Knight, B., 518 Holland, S. P., 64, 71 Kobe, D. H., 518 Holt, R. A., 487 Kochen, S., 148, 177,221,229, 234, 256, Holton, G., 474 257, 259, 276, 280, 323, 325, 327, 329, Hooker, C. A., 287, 300, 458, 466, 470, 331, 333, 336, 339, 344, 357, 363, 400, 473, 475, 476, 482, 483, 484, 488, 495, 408, 415, 417, 418, 419, 420, 423, 427, 500,503,506, 51I, 517 429,431,486,495,500 Home, M. A., 445, 453, 455, 487 Kocher, C. A., 484 Horz, H., 466, 472, 473, 514 Koga, T., 518 Hubner, K., 466, 486, 495 Kolmogorov, A. N., 79, 98, 100, 103, 125, Hund, F., 460 145, 146, 179, 193, 419, 420 Husimi, K., 495 K-omar, A., 473, 507 Koopman, B., 489 Inglis, D. R., 483 Komer, S., 244, 470, 495 Ito, K., 308, 322 Kotas, J., 55, 72, 495, 496 Kraft, C., 182, 193 Jammer, M., 179, 193,212,218,457,461, Krantz, D., 183, 193 462,466 Kreisel, G., 3, 4, II, 17, 18 Janossy, L., 471,483,517 Kreisler, M. N., 515 Jauch, J. M., 55, 56, 72, 91, 103, Ill, 1I4, Krips, H. P., 466, 484, 496, 507, 511 119, 123, 145, 146, 180, 193, 229, 234, Kronfii, N. S., 496, 502 235, 236, 241, 243, 244, 300, 326, 363, Kuhn, T. S., 457, 460, 461 415, 466, 486, 489, 493, 495, 500, 501, Kunsemuller, H., 55, 72, 496 506,511,514,518 Kuryshkin, V. V., 489 Jeffcott, B., 90, 91, 103 Kuznetsov, B. G., 478, 482, 500 INDEX OF NAMES 525
Kuznetsov, I., 478 Marsden, E., 71 Kyrala, A., 518 Masotto, G., 486 Matyasevic, J. V., 12, 17 Lamb, W. E., 466 Matz,L.,460 Lambert, K., 496 Maxwell, G., 463, 469 Landau, L., 250, 280 Maxwell, N., 475, 508 Lande, A., 197, 218, 433, 437, 441, 442, Mayants, L. S., 489 444,477, 478, 481, 489, 501, 507, 511, McKean, H. P., 308, 322 514 McKinney, I. P., 507 Landesberg, P. T., 514 McKinnon, E., 479 Landsberg, P. T., 232, 234 McKinsey, J. C. C., 499 Lanz, G. R., 507 McKnight, J. L., 508 Lanz, L., 507 McMillan, E. M., 518 Laplace, P. S., 123 Mehlberg, H., 463, 467, 501, 503 Latzer, R. W., 323,455 Mehra, J., 467, 469, 470, 475, 511, 518 Lebowitz, J. L., 503 Mercier, A., 501 Leighton, R., 192 Meskov, V. S., 497 Leiter, D., 519 Messiah, A., 180, 185, 193,469 Lenzen, V. F., 466, 475 Meyer-Abich, K., 462, 473 Levi, I., 496 Mielnik, B., 496 Levy, E., 478 Mignani, R., 515 Levy-Leblond, J.-M., 515, 519 Miller, F. R., 105, 1I2, 1I9 Loinger, A., 222,234, 485, 505, 507 Mints, G. E., 17, 18 London, F., 507 Mirman, R., 483, 518 Losee, J., 473 Misra, B., 145, 486 Louisell, W. H., 186, 193 Mittelstaedt, P., 55, 72, 464, 483, 496,500, Luce, R. D., 193 511 Luders, G., 508 Moldauer, P. A., 483, 508 Ludwig, G., 222, 243, 244, 462, 463, 469, Moser, J., 16, 18 507,508, 5Il, 513, 514 Moulde, R. A., 508 Moyal, J. E., 145, 146, 316, 321,489 Mackay, D. M., 474 Muller, A., 467 Mackey, G. W., 91, 98, 103, 235, 244, Milller, H., 49 467,496,500,514 Millier-Markus, S., 475, 476 MacKinnon, E., 463, 466, 467 MacLaren, M. D., 91, 103 Nagasaka, G.-I., 483 Maczynski, M. J., 148, 177,400,408,414, Nagel, E., 467, 500, 501 418,419,420,513 Naimark, M. A., 333, 363 Maeda, F., 496 Nauenberg, M., 511 Maeda, S., 496 Nelson, E., 280, 310, 316, 322, 483, 518 Magyar, G., 518 Neubrunn, T., 489 Marchand, J. P., 145, 146 Nilson, D. R., 457, 500, 509 Margenau, H., 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, Nixio, S., 461 225, 226, 250, 280, 288, 289, 290, 300, Noren, S. J., 517 325, 363, 368, 385, 395, 463, 467, 471, Northrop, F. S. C., 489 476, 481, 489, 491, 500, 501, 508, 509, Noyes, P., 216, 217, 218 510,511,.512 Nussenzw~ig, H. M., 514 Margenau, M., 508 Marlow, A. R., 496 Dchs, W., 487, 489, 497 526 INDEX OF NAMES
Odegard, Do, 244 Quine, Wo Vo 00, 497 Omel'yanovskii (Omeljanowski, Omelyonovsky), Mo Eo 478 Raman, Vo Vo, 462 Oppenheim, Po, 474 Randall, Co Ho, 73, 85, 91, 92, 95, 96, 98, Orevkov, Vo Po, 9, 18 102, 103, 180, 193, 498 Owen, Jo, 335, 363 Rankin, Bo, 503 Owens, Jo, 243, 244 Rayski, Jo, 471 Recami, Eo, 515 Palter, Ro, 479 Reece, Go, 458, 510 Papaliolios, Co, 487 Reiche, Fo, 461 Papp, Eo, 519 Reichenbach, Ho, 48, 464, 467, 498, 500, Park, Jo L., 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, 368, 503,510 385, 395, 467, 476, 500, 508, 509, 511 Reiser, 00 L., 498 Parker-Rhodes, Ao Fo, 215 Reisler, Do L., 290, 301, 483 Paul, Ao Mo, 517 Renninger; Mo, 5Hl Pauli, Wo, 31,46, 187,250,280,422,464, Renyi, Ao, 125, 145, 146, 180, 193 468,474,500 Rescher, No, 498 Peat, Fo Do, 518 Richardson, Do, 14, 17, 18 Peieris, Ro, 250, 280 Richter, Eo, 498 Peres, Ao, 484, 509 Rimini, Ao, 506 Perlman, So, 516 Robinson, Mo, 515 Peter, Mo, 145 Rollins, Co Do, 244, 245 Petersen, Ao, 467, 473,517 Rosen, No, 192, 280, 283, 300, 359, ~63, Phipps, To Eo, 503 471,482, 509,518 Piron, Co, 55, 56, 72, 145, 146, 235, 236, Rosenfeld, L., 195, 196, 218, 461, 473, 238,241, 242, 243, 245, 326, 363, 415, 474,475,502,510,514 467, 486, 494, 495, 497, 500, 513, 516, Ross, Do Jo, 365 519 Rosser, Jo Bo, 498 Piziak, Ro, 71, 72 Rothstein, Jo, 475 Planck, Mo, 212, 436 Rozenthal, So, 473 Podolsky, Bo, 192,280,283,300,359,363, Ruark, Ao Eo, 483 481,482 Rubin, Ho, 468 Poincare, Ho, 442 Ruegy, Ho, 519 Polikarov, Ao, 502 Russell, Bo, 123 Pool, Jo Co To, 326, 363,497 Rutherford, Do Eo, 498 Popper, Ko Ro, 180, 193, 197, 218, 239, Ruttiman, Go To, 498 243, 244, 245, 368, 395, 464, 476, 477, Ryason, Po Ro, 515 484,490,491,497,502,515 Rybakov, Yo Po, 502 Post, Ho Ro, 300, 301, 467 Pratt, Jo, 193 Sachs, Mo, 484, 518, 519 Prosperi, Go Mo, 222, 231, 234, 504, 505, Salker, Ho, 519 507,509 Salmon, Wo Co, 498 Prugovec~Eo,469,497, 509, 511, 513 Salt, Do, 513 Pryce, Mo Ho L., 335, 363 Sands, Mo, 192 Przelecki, Mo, 497 Scarpellini, Bo, 14, 18 Przibram, Ko, 462 Scheibe, Eo, 150, 177,458,464,468,475, Putnam, Ho, 47, 48, 53, 222, 234, 283, 464, 487, 491, 498, 499, 500, 502, 511, 514 471,497, 509, 510, 511 Scheurer, Po Bo, 498 Pyantnitsym, Vo No, 497 Schiff, L.I., 307, 314, 322, 395 INDEX OF NAMES 527
Schiller, R., 502 Sperber, G., 510 Schilpp, P. A., 464 Stalnaker, R., 66, 72 Schlegel, R., 473, 483, 503, 519 Stapp, H. P., 252, 261, 280, 471, 473, 511 Schlesinger, K., 500 Stegmuller, W., 242, 244, 245 Schlick, M., 502 Stein, H., 279, 468, 471, 510 Schlieder, S., 519 Stenius, E., 498 SchiIpp, P. A., 481, 482 Stevens, K. W. H., 335, 338, 363 SchrOdinger, E., 179, 221, 249, 280, 285, Stolz, P., 513 286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 299, 301, 437, Straus, M., 498 484,510,515 Strauss, M., 462, 464, 475, 491, 498, 500 Schulman, L. S., 510 Stueckelberg, E. C. G., 519 Schulz, G., 502 Suppe, F., 464 Schumacher, D. L., 475, 480, 482 Suppes, P., 17, 145, 146, 148, 154, 155, Schiitzer, G., 488 176, 177, 186, 187, 193,303, 320,321, Schwartz, J. T., 243, 244 322, 325, 363, 445, 464, 477, 490, 491, Schwinger, J., 510 499,502 Scoledes, A. G., 490 Sussman, G., 498 Scott, W. T., 462, 510 Sussmann, G., 499 Scotti, A., 231, 234, 507 Scriven, M., 502, 512 Takabayashi, T., 490 Segal, I. E., 513 Tarski, A., 10, 243, 245 Seidenberg, A., 193 Taylor, J. G., 503 Sellars, W., 227, 512 Teller, E., 510 Selleri, F., 471, 482, 486, 487 Teller, P., 281 Shamaly, A., 515 Ter Baar, D., 461 Shankara, T. S., 515 Termini, S., 149, 176 Shankland, R. S., 481 Thomason, R., 66, 72 Sharp, D., 484 Thomson, G., 461 She, C. Y., 186, 187, 193, 498 Tolman, R., 469 Sherman, S., 513 Tomonaga, S., 462, 469 Shimony, A., 255, 261, 279, 280, 324, 363, Toraldo di Francia, G., 464 402, 419, 468, 478, 479, 487, 498, 505, Tornebohn, H., 499 510 Toulmin, S., 470, 482 Siegel, A., 487,519 Treder, H.-J., 482 Sigal, R., 515 Tribus, M:, 518 Sikorski, R., 157, 177,419,420 Tupper, B. O. J., 218 Simons, 289 Turing, 3, 7 Singer, P., 484 Turner, J., 487, 499 Sklar, L., 476, 491 Turquette, A. R., 468, 498, 500 Sneed, J. D., 150, 176, 177,250,280,300, Tutsch, J. H., 487 301, 476, 490, 519, 563 Tversky, A., 193 Solomon, J., 502 Tyagi, U. K., 516 Solvay, C., 22 Sommerfeld, A., 437, 461 van der Merwe, 470,482,484 Specker, E. P., 8,12,13,18,148,177,221, vander Waerden, B. L., 462 229, 234, 256, 257, 259, 276, 280, 323, van Fraassen, B. C., 56, 57, 60, 61, 66, 67, 325, 327, 329, 331, 333, 336, 339, 344, 72, 222, 226, 229, 230, 234, 250, 280, 357, 363, 400, 408, 415, 417, 418, 419, 283, 287, 288, 297, 299, 300, 301, 430, 420, 423, 427, 429, 431, 486, 495, 500 431, 464, 468, 487, 491, 499, 500, 501, 528 INDEX OF NAMES
502, 507, 510 Weyl, H., 464, 519 van Kampen, N. G., 234, 469, 51l Wheeler, J., 19,46, 198, 219. 480 van Vechten, D., 505 Whiteman, M., 511 van Vleck, J. H., 475, 515 Whittacker, E. T., 462 Varadarajan, V. S., 145, 146, 148, 149, Wick, G. c., 217, 219 ISO, 177, 326, 333, 363,490, 500, 514 Wiener, N., 487, 490, 491 Vigier, J.-P., 471, 484, 487, 490, 502, 519 Wigner, E. P., 124, 125, 144, 145, 146, von Laue, M., 500 206, 219, 221, 249, 250, 256, 261, 262, von Mises, R., 179 263, 264, 265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 275, von Neumann, J., 50, 90, 101, 103, 145, 279, 281, 325, 364, 411, 412, 415,420, 161, 176, 179, 187, 192,221,222,231, 445, 447, 452, 455, 468, 486, 487, 490, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 243, 244, 495, 506, 509, SIl, 512, 513, 519 245, 277, 281, 288, 289, 295, 301, 325, Witt-Hansen, J., 473 326, 327, 328, 334, 363, 366, 395, 415, Woodward, J. F., 520 424, 431, 439, 468, 487, 491, 495,499, Workman, R. W., 502 500, 514 von Weizsiicker, C. F., 196,207,219,473, Yanase, M., 250, 280, 504, 506, 51l 477, 490, 498, 499, 515 Yevick, M. L., 502 Vujicic, M., 482 Yoshida, R. M., 489 Yourgrau, W., 470, 477, 482, 484 Waismann, F., 499, 502 Yukawa, H., 217, 219, 503, 520 Wakita, H., 511 Walker, E. H., 511 Zanotti, M., 303, 444 Wartofsky, M., 470 Zawirski, Z., 499 Watanabe, S., 490, 499, 500 Zecca, A., 494 Weaver, R. J., 92, 103 Zeh, H. D., 51l Weidlich, W., 471, 511 Zierier, N., 500 Weiner, C., 462 Zimmerman, E. J., 503 Weingarten, D., 473 Zinnes, J. J., 487 Werkmeister, W. H., 468, 476 Zinov'ev, A. A., 500 Wessels, L., 499 Zweifel, P. F. Z., 484, 51l INDEX OF SUBJECTS
Abelian family of observables, 271 Block,99-102, 106, 116 Acceleration, 211 Boolean algebra, 57-58, 91, 99-102, 417 Action at a distance, 288, 298 Boolean atlas, 147-150, 162, 167, 171 Additive functional, 326 Boolean chart, 163, 167 Almost-everywhere equivalence, 356 Bbolean coordinate domain, 163 Analogues of physical concepts, 216 Boolean lattice, 51, 63 Antiautomorphism, 93 Boolean representation, 407, 417 Approximate measurement, 368 Borel function, 230 Approximating probabilities, 182 Borel measurable set, 351 Approximation, 240 Borel probability measure, 100, 345 Aristotelian-Thomistic doctrine of actus Borel set, 56, 99, 101 and potentia (subjectiva), 238 Born's interpretation, 212, 223, 381 Aristotle's Primary Philosophy, 243 Born rule, 226, 291, 295 Atomic measure, 400 Bose statistics, 337 Atomic system, 422 Bounded configuration, 111 Automorphism, 93, 105, 118 Brouwer degree of a point, 9 of a graph, 117 Brouwer's fixed-point theorem, 8 lattice, 118 Brownian motion, 303, 308 Axial symmetry, 447 Axiomatic theories of specific mathe• Calculus matical structures classical, 132 Dedekind's,9 quantal, 132 Fege's,9 Calculus of experimental propositions, 55 Cancellation, 192 Background, 197, 205, 239 Canonical selection function, 67-70 classical, 206, 208 Canonical variable, 141-142 mathematical,201 Causality,,453 nature of, 205 Certainty, 241 state of, 205 Choice axiom, 273 Background mechanism, 210 Choice disjunction, 57, 68, 69 Bad set, 109 Choice negation, 57 Baire measurable function, 99 Classical approximation, 368 Base manual, 80--81 Classical celestial mechanics, 270 Basic inequality, 451 Classical conditional, 64 Bell-Clauser construction, 413 Classical connective, 68 Bell's inequality, 262, 445 Classical dynamical variable, 256 Bell-Wigner contradiction, 452 Classical dynamics, 214, 236 Bijective map, 82, 97 Classical manual, 79 Binary algebra, 198 Classical material conditional, 56, 59, 61, Bivalence, 67--68 63,65,67 Black box, 382 Classical mechanics, 360 530 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
Classical probability calculus, 124 Composite system, 290 Classical probability space, 255, 417 Composition, 284, 291 Classical theory of permutation groups, Compound manual, 91, 95-96 85 Compound operation, 80--82 Closed operational proposition, 88, 89 mUltistage, 81 Coarse graining of Hilbert space, 231 one-stage, 80 Coherence, 78-79 two-stage, 80, 81 Coherent premanual, 79 Compound physical operation, 74 Coin flipping, 304 Compounding of manuals, 80 Collection, 79, 84, 101 Concept Collective, 179 loose empirical, 241 Collective potential, 337 precise theoretical, 241 Collision, 201 Conditional, 55, 59, 63 Collision problem, 15 classical, 64 Column, 203 classical material, 56, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67 Combinatorial, 105 counterfactual, 61, 66, 69, 70 design, 105 material, 55, 62, 68, 69, 71 scheme, 215 modal,61 structure, 200 quantum logical, 56, 58, 61-70 theory, 216 Stalnaker, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71 Combinatorial design, 105 Stalnaker (counterfactual), 55 Comeasurability,259 standard material, 56 Commeasurability, 323, 327, 332 subjunctive, 66 Commutative algebra, 331 weakened, 66 Commutativity, 139, 323, 332 Conditional certainty, 285, 290, 298 Commuting operator, 335 Conditional determinism, 445 Commuting proposition, 91 Conditional measure, 404 Comparative probability, 184 Conditional operation, 55 Comparative probability of joint events, Conditional probability, 398 189 Conditional statistical independence, 445 Comparative probability order Conditionalization, 265 additive, 184 Conditioning, 96 nonadditive, 184 Confined configuration, 11 0 Compatibility, 63, 64, 133, 139, 423 Confirmation set, 87 Compatibility relation, 172 Connected sequences, 80 Compatible event, 78 Connection, 441 Compatible observable, 324 Connective, 56 Compensating uncertainties, 186 classical, 68 Complement, 62, 90 general implication, 61 Complementarity, 50, 53, 179, 185-187, intensional, 68 195,207 modal,68 Complementary observable, 188 truth-functional, 69 Complete function, 352 Consistency proof, 288 Complete lattice, 106 Constraint on mathematical structure, Completeness, 249, 273, 303, 418, 423 199 nondeterministic, 304 Contextualistic, 324, 403 of quantum theory, 249 Contextualistic equivalence, 354 of statistical theory, 423 Contextualistic theory, 268, 346 stochastic, 303, 316 Continuity, 434 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 531
Continuum Eddington's conjecture, 214 background, 200 Eigenvalue, 58 physical, 200 Eigenvector, 52-53 Contrafactual, 361 Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox, 205, Contrafactual observation statement, 324 210, 249, 283, 325, 359, 365, 454 Contraposition, 56, 65 Electric field, 338 laws of, 61-64 Electron Convex set, 105 rest mass of, 239 Copenhagen interpretation, 252, 407, 417 Element (axiom), 69 Copenhagen principle, 292 Elementary particle event, 216 Correlated systems, 365 Elementary propositions of a theory, 56 Correspondence, 185, 187, 437 Elementary quantum theory, 380 Correspondence postulate, 441 Elementary statement, 56, 66 Correspondence principle, 235 Energy, 223 Countable partition, 100 Energy measurement, 339 Counterfactual conditional, 61, 66, 69, Engine, 203, 209 70,242 Entropy law of thermodynamics, 439 Coupled systems, 422 Equal almost everywhere, 349 Coupling constant, 217 Equilibrium, 230 Covariance, 437, 445 Equilibrium distribution, 405 Crypto-deterministic, 316 Equivalence class, 84 Cubic structure space, 106, lIS Equivalence relation, 78, 84 Ergodic hypothesis, 222 Dacey manual, 91-100 Ergodic theory, 230 conjunctive, 95 Ergodicity, 230, 238 Decomposition, 85 Euclidean space, 424 Deduction, 433 Event, 77-79 Deduction theorem, 59 compatible, 78 weak, 60 observable, 100 de Morgan's laws, 93 Event collection, 188 Desarguesian projective plane, \09 Evolution, 284, 291 Determinism, 435, 445 Evolution operator, 229, 231 Determinism doctrine, 433 Evolution of system, 231-234 Deterministic prediction, 336 Exchangeability, 448 Diffusion process, 316 Excluded middle Dirac measure, 330 law of, 68 Direct successor, 81 Exclusion disjunction, 57 Discrete processes, 215 Exclusion negation, 57 Disjunction, 90 Expanded action, 85 choice, 68-69 Expanded manual, 95-97 quantum logical, 68-69 Expectation, 445 Dispersion-free state, 327, 330, 341, 421 Expectation function, 326 Distribution function, 127 Expectation value, 100, 126-128 Distributive law, 49-51, 60, 64 Experimental observable, 324 Disturbance theory, 406, 412, 418 Exper.imental outcome, 346. 359 Dynamic model, 229 Experimental proposition, 327, 350 Dynamical scheme, 215 Experimental result, 73 Dynamical variable, 359, 360 Fermi statistics, 337 532 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
Fiber product, 166-168 Groundstate, 294 Field, 48, 202, 216 Group, 82-85 Field theory, 48 automorphism, 116 Filter (theory), 69 Filtering operation, 74 Hadamard's principle, 4,11,15,16 Force, 202 Hamiltonian, 225, 231,316,372 Formal product, 80 Heisenberg representation, 229 Formalist view, 381 Heisenberg's S-matrix theory, 252 Foulis-Holland theorem, 64 Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, 212 Fourier transform, 143-145 Helium atom, 336 Free action, 83 Here/there conditional, 250 Free monoid, 80 Here/there correlation, 270 Free semigroup, 80 Hermitian operator, 186, 223, 366, 369, Free union of classical manuals, 79 377,380 Frequency approach, 196 Hidden parameter, 256, 269, 454 Frequentist interpretation, 180, 184 Hidden state, 332 Full measure, 349 Hidden variable, 253, 256, 265, 273, 278, Function 327, 359 almost constant observation, 353 Hidden variable theory, 50, 145,204, 249, Borel measurable, 353 . 255, 268, 279, 303, 324, 331. 336, 339, canonical selection, 67-70 345,401,445 complete, 352 local, 269,445 distance, 67 strict, 409 nonconstant, 353 Hierarchical algebra, 215 norm, 67 Hilbert space, 51, 52, 58, 67, 68, 71, 101, selection, 70 106,118,134,137,187,221,223,235, Stalnaker selection, 66, 70 239, 296, 312, 323, 332, 358, 384, 397 Van Fraassen selection, 70 infinite-dimensional complex, 57 Functional composition, 327-331, 344 vector of, 57 Fuzzy event, 149, 165 Holistic theory, 268 Homeostasis, 209 Gedankenexperiment, 186 Homomorphic relation, 331 General distributive law, 92 Homomorphism, 345 General implication connective, 61 General implication operation, 63 Idealization, 240 General orthomodular lattice, 63 formal criterion for, 240 Geometry, 125 Idempotent magnitude, 424 classical, 48 Identically true proposition, 59 Euclidean, 47, 48 Identity transformation, 80 laws of. 47 Ignorance, 287, 291 non-Euclidean, 125 Ignorance interpretation, 287, 290, 298 of physical space, 125 Image, 56 of space-time, 125 Image space, 286 Gleason's theorem, 102, 135-136, 276, Implication connective, 60, 65, 70 408,427 weakly transitive, 60 Godel's completeness theorem, 10 Implication relation, 58 Godel's incompleteness theorems, 10 Implicative lattice, 60 Grand canonical operation, 79 Imprimitivity, 85, 86 Graph, 105-106 Incompatibility, 48, 417 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 533
Incompatible observable, 295 Kochen and Specker's helium atom, 336 Incompatible proposition, 326 Kochen and Specker's no-hidden-varia• Incompleteness, 249, 303, 421 ble proof, 323 in quantum mechanics, 303 Kochen and Specker theorem, 417 of quantum theory, 249 Kolmogorov single-operation manual, 79 stochastic, 303, 316 Inconsistency proof, 365, 371, 380 Language-entry rule, 227 Independence, 129,449,453 Language-exit rule, 227 Independent event, 435 Large ensembles, 50, 51 Independent trials, 74 Lattice, 51, 326 Indeterminate, 87 atomic orthomodular, 57 Indeterminism, 317, 417 Boolean, 51, 63 Indexing set, 86 general orthomodular, 63 Indicator state, 292 of general quantum mechanics, 55 Indistinguishability, 231 implicative, 60 Indistinguishability proof, 222 orthocomplemented, 63 Induced submanual, 86, 95 orthomodular, 62, 63, 90, 101, 105 Induction, 433 orthomodular theory, 64 Infimum, 91, 92 quantum, 63 Information theory, 243 of quantum logical propositions, 60 Initial operation, 81 of quantum mechanical projections, 60 Instruction, 73, 81, 84 Lattice operation, 59 Instrumentalism, 381 standard, 62 Instrumentalist interpretation, 270 Lattice order relation, 61 Intensional connective, 68 Lattice of projections, 90 Interaction, 201 Lattice of projections on Hilbert space, 55 Interference, 439 Lattice of quantum logical propositions, Interference effect, 222, 229 55,60 Interference term, 397 Lattice of quantum mechanical projec- Interpolated value, 258, 272, 278 tions,60 Interpretation Lattice structure, 317 modal,283 Lattice theoretic operation, 58 quantum logical, 283 Lattice theoretic relation, 58 statistical, 283 Lattice theory, 235 Interpretative postulate, 291 Learning, 3-17 Irredundancy,79 all-or-none, 317 Irredundant premanual, 79 incremental, 317 Isolated point, 116 Learning curve, 317 Isolated system, 129 Learning model Isomorphic logics, 93 continuous-time, 321 Isotropy group, 86 Lebesgue measure, 129, 144.236,351 Linear harmonic oscillator, 303, 306, 308, Join, 58, 62 310,316,318 Joint conditional distribution, 450 Linear spaces, 51 Joint distribution, 133, 141, 270, 303, 325 Linearity condition, 326 proper, 314 Liouville's theorem, 129 Joint Distribution Rule, 262 Local causality, 261 Joint measurement, 186, 188 Local covering, 163 Joint observation, 185 Locality, 249, 261, 269, 279, 397, 408, 418, 534 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
449 Manual of transformations, 83 Locality condition, 408 Manuals, 79 Locality postulate, 412 compounding of, 80 Logic, 55, 93, 94, 100 free union of classical, 79 Aristotelian, 47 Many-body approximation, 336 classical, 48, 49,59 Many-body system, 296 empirical, 100 Many-to-one correspondence, 323, 331, isomorphic, 93 343 laws of, 47 Margenau's interpretation, 288 operational, 94 Marginal, 265 quanturn, 48, 49, 50, 65 Marginal expansion, 265 Logical space, 50, 56, 427 Marginal probability condition, 265, 274 Logical structure of quantum mechanics, Markov process, 407 57 Martingale, 407 Logical structure of a theory, 56 Material conditional, 55, 62, 69, 71 Logical symmetry, 93 classical, 65 regular, 93 Material conditional connective, 59 Logically strongest consistent proposi• Materia1 implication, 55 tion, 50, 51, 52 positive paradox of, 64 Low-energy state, 338 Mathematical psychology, 303, 308, 317 mean learning curves in, 317 Mackey observable, 99, 100, 101, 102 Mathematical structure, 200 Mackey variable, 98 Maximal experiment, 355 Macroscopic experience, 201 Maximal magnitude, 400, 408 Macroscopic object, 221 locally, 408 Macroscopic observable, 223, 228 Maximal observable, 295 Macroscopic observation, 221 Measurability, 351 Macroscopic state, 221, 223 Measurable set, 350 Macrostate, 228 Measurable space, 101, 126, 345 Macrovariable, 228 Measure, 98 Maczynski's result, 408 projection-valued, 98 Manual, 75-86, 102 proposition-valued, 98 action of a group on, 86 Measure theory, 125, 350 base, 80 Measure zero, 349 classical, 79 Measurement, 49, 75, 195, 199, 207, 221, compound, 91, 95, 96 230,293 conjunctive, 92 physical, 237 conjunctive Dacey, 95 Measurement apparatus, 289, 295 Dacey, 91-93,98, 100 Measurement chart, 174 expanded, 95, 97 Measurement independency, 269 Kolmogorov single-operation, 79 Measurement operation, 74, 82 logic of, 86, 90 Measurement problem, 224 nonisomorphic, 93 Measurement theory, 250, 384 operational logic of, 89 Measuring apparatus, 294 operational symmetry of, 97 Mechanical theory, 235 physical, 75-79, 86 Mechanics, 79 semiclassical, 79, 83, 91-95 classical (statistical), 79 stochastic symmetry of, 97 Mechanistic theory, 3 Manual of operations, 75 Meet, 58, 62 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 535
Metalanguage, 243 Noncontextua1istic, 403 Microprocesses, 47 Noncontextualistic theory, 255, 269 Microsystem, 206 Nonfrequentist interpretation, 185 Minimal cycle, 106 Nonnnaximal nnagnitude, 403 order of, 106 Nonnneasurable set, 351 Mirror-image correlation, 410 Nonnnechanistic theory, 9 Missing physicaI operation, 78 Norm. function, 67 Mixed state, 71, 227, 286 Norm.al (Gaussian) distribution, 309 Mixnue,221,227,327,341 Norm.ed nneasure, 179 Modal conditional, 61 Noyes's argunnent, 216 Modal connective, 68 NUEnerology, 215 Modal interpretation, 283, 291, 299 Modal logic Object language, 239, 243 strict implications of, 60 Object-property idionn, 74, 87 Model,75 Object-system observable, 233 world picture, 75 Objective statistical analysis, 73 Modus ponens deduction scheme, 55-56, Objectivist, 195 69 Objectivist probability, 199 Modus ponens inference scheme, 69 Observable, 100, 199 Molecular disorder, 435 allowed value for, 223 MonnentUEn,49-53,79,186,293,303,314, hidden-variable, 331 360,368,436 physical,101 angular, 223 quantUEn, 331 linear, 223 sharp value for, 223 MonnentUEn observable, 366 Observation, 195, 207 Monoid, 80 Observation function, 348, 361 free, 80 Observation report, 292 Motion, 202 One-body system, 296 Hanniltonian, 50 One-diIDensional subspace, 52 Lagrangian, 50 One-one correspondence, 58, 78,86, 101, laws of, 50 102,331 Multistage connpound operation, 81 One-stage connpound operation, 80 Mutually orthogonal, 88 Operation, 56, 73-82, 87 basic, 80 Nearness ordering annong worlds, 55. connplement, 56 Necessity,242 connpound, 80, 82 Negation, 87 connpound physical, 74 choice, 57 filtering, 74 exclusion, 57 general implication, 63 Negation nnapping, 93 grand canonical, 79 Nickel Tutton salts, 335 implication, 60, 62 No-hidden-variable proof, 221, 257, 323 initial, 81 Nonnological law, 242 join,56 Non-Desarguesian plane, 118 nnea.surennent, 74 Non-Desarguesian proposition system, nneet, 56 106, lll, 114 nnissing physical, 78 NoncoIDIDutativity, 266 one-stage connpound, 80 NoncoIDIDuting observable, 259-260, 314 pairwise disjoint, 79 NoncoIDIDuting quantity, 271 physical,73-79 536 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
preparation, 74 experimental,346 primitive physical, 74, 80 identification, 82 redundant physical, 77 orthogonal, 79 special implication, 63 Outcome identification, 82-85 trivial physical, 80 physically significant, 85 two-stage compound, 80 Outcome set, 73-84, 88, 94, 100 Operation system of imprimitivity, 85 disjoint, 75 Operational logic, 94 overlap, 82 Operational proposition, 87-99 overlapping, 75 Operational statistics, 73 Outcome sets Operational symmetry, 82 collection of, 86 Operational system of imprimitivity, 86 Outcomes, 75, 76, 83 Operator-observable correspondence, pairs of, 75 365,385 physical equivalence of, 83 Opposite measurement, 448 Ordering relation, 48 Paramagnetic resonance, 335 Orevkov'sf, 9 Partial algebra, 323, 329, 344, 357, 423 Orthoautomorphism, 117 Partial order, 181 Orthocomplemented lattice, 63, 106 Partial plane, 118 Orthocomplemented projective plane, Participating observer, 197 106,109 Particle, 48, 195, 197, 199, 203, 21l, 217, Orthoconsistent, 88 ~18 Orthoconsistent operational proposition, instantaneous velocity of, 240 88 motion of, 303 Orthogonal complement, 57 primacy of, 197 Orthogonal decomposition, 287, 295 Particle processes, 20 I, 215 Orthogonal expansion, 284 Particle theory, 48 Orthogonal outcome, 79 Pauli exclusion principle, 337,443 Orthogonal projection, 67 Permutation groups, 85 Orthogonal set, 79 classical theory of, 85 Orthogonality,89 Perspectivity, 118 Orthogonality relation, 82 Phase, 228, 275 Orthologic, 89-95, 102 Phase space, 51, 187, 255, 262, 264, 272, center of, 91 273 conjunctive, 92 Physical description, 191 strong set of states on, 95 Physical equivalence, 75 strong set of weights on, 95 Physical equivalence of outcomes, 83, 84 symmetry of, 93 Physical geometry, 55 Orthomodular lattice, 62, 63, 90, 101, 105, Physical interpretation, 139, 308 106, III Physical laws, 53 Orthomodular lattice theory, 64, 70 Physical manual, 75-79, 86 Orthomodular law, 63 Physical observable, 101 Orthomodular law of conventional quan- Physical operation, 73-84, 90, 94, 376 tum logic, 56 compound, 74 Orthomodular poset, 90, 93, 95, 99 missing, 78 Orthomodularity, 105 primitive, 74, 80 Orthonegation, 88 redundant, 77 Oscillator, 303, 306, 308, 310, 316, 318 trivial,80 Outcome, 73-82, 85-87, 93, 95 Physical proposition, 51 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 537
Physical system, 82, 83, 299 objectivist, 199 physical transformation of, 82 propensity view of, 180 preliminary transformation of, 83 quantitative, 179-181, 188, 190 Physical theories in quantum theory, 50, 124,211 Logic inherent to, 56 Probability amplitude, 439 Van Fraassen's view of, 56 Probability assignment, 254, 273 Physical theory, 324 Probability calculus, 123, 124, 263 abstract, 327, 339, 358 classical, 124, 126, 129, 133, 136 arbitrary, 345 generalized, 124 classical, 325, 339, 342 quantum, 123, 130, 133, 143, 145 extension of, 339 Probability density, 307, 308 Physical transformation in space-time, 75 Probability density function, 310, 314 Physics, 47 Probability distribution, 327, 374 axiomatization of, 49 time-dependent, 306 quantum, 73, 74 Probability distribution function, 126 Planck's constant, 211, 213, 436, 443 Probability measure, 100, 101, 126, 254, Point mass, 240 255,340 Pointer observable, 224 Borel, 100, 340 Pointer position, 224, 228, 251,255 countablyadditive, 100 Polarizer, 206, 403 finitely additive, 100 Position, 49,50--33,79, 186,223,293,303, Probability space, 100, 126, 400 314, 360, 368 classical, 417 . Position measurement, 49 Probability statement, 123 Position observable, 366 Probability theory, 79, 124, 145 Positive paradox of material implication, Probability theory of particles, 303 64 Product, 80 Positivist instrumentalism, 252 formal, 80 Positivistic view, 305, 316, 381 Product Rule, 257, 270, 275 Precision in measurement, 236 inconsistency of, 261, 267 Predicted distribution, 232 Projection, 58, 284, 291 Prediction, 94 Projection operator, 230, 333 Premanual, 79 Projection postulate, 114, 250, 259, 288, coherent, 79 290,291,298 irredundant, 79 Projection-valued measure, 98 Preparation operation, 74 Projective geometry, 106 Primitive physical operation, 74, 80 Projective plane, 106, 108 Probabilistic chart, 174 Property, 75 Probabilistic ground structure, 438 Proposition, 87, 88, 89, 91, 94 Probabilistic mechanics, 441 closed operational, 88 Probabilistic particle argument, 213 commuting, 91 Probabilistic theory, 187 infimum of, 91 Probability, 50, 100, 195, 197, 204, 213, operational, 87, 94 226,303,438 orthoconsistent operational, 88 in classical physics, 50 quantum mechanical, 101 classical theory of, 100, 124 self-consistent operational, 87 comparative, 181, 188, 190 supremum of, 91 conditional, 125 testable operational, 88 empirical interpretation of, 196 Proposition system, 115 objective, 124 Proposition-valued measure, 98 538 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
Propositional algebra, 56, 57, 66 Quantum problem, 436 Propositional calculus, law of, 49 Quantum riddle, 433 Propositions, 92 Quantum simplex, 155 collection of, 101 Quantum state, 155 conjunction of, 92 statistical interpretation for, 225 disjunction of, 92 Quantum statistics, 398 Psi-function (see also state vector, state Quantum theory, 195, 197, 256, 275, 325 function), 52 elementary, 283 Pure state, 283, 341 Hilbert space, 139 interpretation of, 249 Qualitative postulate, 306 lattice-theoretic, 139 Quantization, 4, 48 semantics for, 255 Quantization of action, 217 statistical interpretation, 251 Quantum algorithm, 208 Quantum thermodynamics, 222 Quantum complement, 57 Quantum world, 433 Quantum event, 154, 163, 167 Quaternion field, 134 Quantum field theory, 333, 365 Quantum lattice, 63 Random measure, 404 Quantum logic, 51-55, 65, 68, 101, 105, Random variable, 98-102, 126, 127, 255, 154,180,187,196,283,317,325 445 Quantum logic homomorphism, 154 classical, 100 Quantum logical conditional, 58, 61--64 in Hilbert space, 134 Quantum logical disjunction, 68, 69 Random variable formula, 256 Quantum logical interpretation, 50-53, Random Variable Rule, 255 283 Randomization process, 405, 412 Quantum logical interrelation, 48 Randomness, 100, 397 Quantum logical proposition, 58 Reduction, 291 Quantum logical view of the world, 49 Reduction postulate, 286, 290, 296, 298, Quantum logics, 90, Ill, ll5 299 Quantum measurement, 256, 283 Reduction principle, 294 Quantum mechanical description, 50 Refinement, 98, 349, 352, 354 Quantum mechanical interpretation, 298 maximal, 350 Quantum mechanical probability, 400 Refutation set, 87 Quantum mechanical proposition, 57, 59 Regularity rule, 278 Quantum mechanical pure states, 56, 71 Reject, 77, 78 Quantum mechanical system, 399 operationally, 77,78 Quantum mechanics, 51, 52, 57, 66, 73, Relation, 78, 79, 82 100,303,433,442 equivalence, 78, 79 foundations of, 235 implication, 48 laws of, 50 incompatibility, 48 orthodox, 90, 100, 101 lattice order, 61 quantum logical interpretation of, 47 orthogonality, 82 theory of, 303 strict comparability, 117 Quantum object, 196 Relative frequency, 94-96 Quantum observable, 156,221 long-run, 94-96 Quantum particle, 197 Relative measure, 404 Quantum physics, 50, 73, 74, 198 Relativity Quantum probability, 251 generaltheory of, 125 Quantum probability calculus, 123 Representation, 97, 295 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 539
induced, 97 Space-time, 47,75, 198, 199,205 stochastic, 97 geometry, 198 Representation problem, 398,418 topology, 198 Riemannian world, 48 Space-time continuum, 212 Special implication operation, 63 Sample space chart, 171 Spectral measure, 135 Satisfaction function, 56, 66 Spectral projection, 144 Schr6dinger analysis, 226 Spectral theorem, 98,101,135 Schr6dinger's Cat, 249, 250, 365 Spectrum Rule, 254, 256, 273, 276 SchrOdinger equation, 288, 306, 310, 437, extended, 276 443 Spin measurement, 448 Schr6dinger evolution, 221 Spin state, 209 Schr6dinger's interpretation, 285 Spin vector, 204 Second-order axioms, 9 Splitting of observables, 331, 339, 344, 362 Dedekind's axioms (for continuum), 9 Stalnaker conditional, 56, 65-71 Peano's axioms (for arithmetic), 9 Stalnaker conditional (counterfactual), 55 Selection function, 70 Stalnaker selection function, 66 canonical quantum mechanical, 70 Standard deviation, 445 Stalnaker, 70 Standard lattice operation, 62 Van Fraassen, 70 Standard material conditional, 56 Self-adjoint linear operator, 327 State, 94, 95, 99, 100, 111 Self-consistent operational proposition, countablyadditive, 102 87 hidden, 332 Semantical metalanguage, 239 nonreguIar, WI Semantics, 253 pure, 283, 341 for quantum theory, 253, 255 quantum mechanical, 102 Semi-interpreted language, 56 regular, 95, 101, 102 Semiclassical manual, 91, 95 strong set of, 102 Semigroup, 80 State ascription, 223 free, 80 State attribution, 292 Semimodular lattice, 106 State function, 52 Separability, 332 State/observable, 252 Set State space, 56,66 orthogonal, 79 State-transition probability, 291 Set-theoretic complement, 57 State vector, 52, 53 Set-theoretic union, 57 States, 95 Set-theoretical intersection, 57 full set of, 112 Simultaneous measurability, 369, 380 mixed, 71 Simultaneous measurement, 278 quantum mechanical (pure), 57, 71 Simultaneous value assignment, 274, 275 strong set of, 95, 102, 112 Simultaneously observable quantities, 334 Static model, 229 Simultaneously testable, 88, 91 Statistical analysis, 73 Space, 275 Statistical distribution, 51 Hilbert (see also Hilbert space), 51 Statistical equivalence, 425 inner product, 67 Statistical hypothesis, 94 linear, 51 Statistical independence, 449 logical, 51, 56 conditional, 445 measurable, 101 Statistical interpretation, 252, 283, 298, state, 56 383 540 INDEX OF SUBJECTS
Statistical laws, 51 regular logical, 93 Statistical mechanics, 235 regular stochastic, 97 classical, 421 statistical, 434 Statistical particle argument, 213 stochastic, 97 Statistical pattern, 435 Symmetry of an orthologic, 93 Statistical state, 397, 417 Symmetry principle, 378 pure, 421 Statistical symmetry, 434 Tarski's elimination of quantifiers, 10 Statistical theory, 421 Temporal order, 96 algebraic structure of, 425 Temporal symmetry, 96 fundamental,421 Temporal transformation, 75 Statistical variable, 273 Test confirmation, 89, 94 Stem-Gerlach analyses, 206 Test of observables, 232 Stem-Gerlach apparatus, 360 Test operation, 88, 89, 94, 95 Steven's symmetry conditions, 338 Testable, 101, 102 Stieltjes-Lebesgue measure, 133 Testable operational proposition, 88 Stochastic independence, 407, 417 Theory, 341 Stochastic model, 94, 95, 97 a priori, 215 complete, 94, 95 classical extension of, 347 Stochastic modelS, 94 extension of, 342 Stochastic process, 309, 310, 316 faithful extension of, 343, 347 continuous-state, 304 faithful restriction, 343 continuous-time, 304 nonfaithfu1 classical extension of, 344 Markov, 310 observables of, 341 Stochastic theory of quantum mechanics, restriction of, 342 316 states of, 341 Stone space, 98, 99 Three-body problem, 15 Strict correlation, 445 Three-valued logic, 436 Strict implications of modal logic, 60 Threshold, 184, 192 Strictness condition, 411 Tight structure space, 106 Structure space, 106, 109 Time-development laws, 51 Subject-predicate idiom, 87 Time-evolution, 421 Subjectivist, 195 Time-evolution operator, 384 Subjectivist observer, 198 Time of tlight, 368 Subjunctive conditional, 66 Trace condition, 138 Submanual, 85, 86, 95 Transformation, 74, 75, 80, 83, 96 induced, 85, 86, 95 identity, 80 Successor, 81 physical, in space-time, 75 direct, 81 as single-outcome operation, 83 Sum Rule, 257, 271, 275 temporal, 75 Superposition, 221, 224, 228, 251, 258, Transformations, 85, 97 376 nonempty collection of, 97 of eigenstates, 278 Transitivity, 56, 61, 65, 192 Supremum, 91, 92, 98 law of, 62, 64 disjunctive, 92 Truth assignment, 256 Symmetric difference, 350 Truth condition, 253, 254 Symmetry, 82, 93, 97, 113,437 Truth-functional connective, 69 logical, 93 Truth value, 58, 61, 87 operational, 82 Two-body system, 296 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 541
Two-slit experiment, 226 Von Neumann's proof, 323 Two-stage compound operation, 80, 81, 83 Wave function, 206, 337, 384 Two-way symmetry, 439 Wave length, 437 Wave packet, 299, 360 Uncertainty, 307 Wave state, 374 quantization of, 183, 184 Weak deduction theorem, 60 Uncertainty principle, 368 Weakened conditional, 66 Uncertainty relation, 141, 142 Weakening, 56, 65 lawof,64 Validity, 60 laws of, 61, 62 Value assignment, 253 Weight, 94, 96, 102, 111,228 Value attribution, 292 pure,96 Van Fraassen selection function, 70 Weight function, 94, 95, 96 Van Fraassen's view of physical theories, for a manual, 94 56 Weights, 95 Variable, 98 full set of, 112 Mackey,!?8 strong set of, 95, 112 random, 98 Wide structure space, 106 Variance, 128,307,445 Wiper anomaly, 124 Velocity,211 Wiper's Friend, 365 Verificationism, 422 Virtual operation, 98 Yes~no experiment, 131,235,241 Von Neumann's density operator, 102 meaningfulness of, 236 Von Neumann's experimental proposi- truth of, 235, 241 tion, 236 SYNTHESE LIBRARY
Monographs on Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, Philosophy of Science, Sociology of Science and of Knowledge, and on the Mathematical Methods of Social and Behavioral Sciences
Managing Editor: JAAKKO HINTIKKA (Academy of Finland and Stanford University)
Editors: ROBERT S. CoHEN (Boston University) DONALD DAVIDSON (The Rockefeller University and Princeton University) GABRIiiL NUCHELMANS (University of Leyden) WESLEY C. SALMON (University of Arizona)
1. J. M. BOCHENSKI, A Precis of Mathematical Logic. 1959, X+ 100 pp. 2. P. L. GUlRAUD, Problemes et methodes de fa statistique linguistique. 1960, VI+ 146 pp. 3. HANS FREUDENTHAL (ed.), The Concept and the Role of the Model in Mathematics and Natural and Social Sciences, Proceedings of a Colloquium held at Utrecht, The Nether• lands, January 1960. 1961, VI+ 194 pp. 4. EVERT W. BETH, Formal Methods. An Introduction to Symbolic Logic and the Study of Effective Operations in Arithmetic and Logic. 1962, XIV + 170 pp. 5. B. H. KAzEMIER and D. VUYSJE (eds.), Logic and Language. Studies dedicated to Profes• sor Rudolf Carnap on the Occasion of his Seventieth Birthday. 1962, VI + 256 pp. 6. MARX W. WARTOFSKY (ed.), Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, 1961-1962, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume 1.1973, VIII +212 pp. 7. A. A. ZINOV'EV, Philosophical Problems of Many-Valu..ed Logic. 1963, XIV + 155 pp. 8. GEORGES GURVITCH, The Spectrum of Social Time. 1964, XXVI + 152 pp. 9. PAUL LoRENZEN, Formal Logic. 1965, VIII + 123 pp. 10. ROBERT S. COHEN and'MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), In Honor of Philipp Frank, B.oston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume II. 1965, XXXIV +475 pp. 11. EVERT W. BETH, Mathematical Thought. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mathe• matics. 1965, XII +208 pp. 12. EVERT W. BETH and JEAN PiAGET, Mathematical Epistemology and Psychology. 1966, XII + 326 pp. 13. GUIDO KliNG, Ontology and the Logistic Analysis of Language. An Enquiry into the Contemporary Views on Universals. 1967, XI+2io pp. 14. ROBERT S. COHEN and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo• quiumfor the Philosophy of Science 1964-1966, in Memory of Norwood Russell Hanson, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume III. 1967, XLIX + 489 pp. 15. C. D. BROAD, Induction, Probability, and Causation. Selected Papers. 1968, XI + 296 pp. 16. GiiNmER PATZIG, Aristotle's Theory of the Syllogism. A Logical-Philosophical Study of Book A of the Prior Analytics. 1968, XVII +215 pp. 17. NICHOLAS REscHER, Topics in Philosophical Logic. 1968, XIV +347 pp. 18. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo• quium for the Philosophy of Science 1966-1968, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume IV. 1969, VIII + 537 pp. 19. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Proceedings of the Boston Collo• quium for the Philosophy of Science 1966-1968, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume V. 1969, VIII +482 pp. 20. J. W. DAVIS, D. J. HOCKNEY, and W. K. WILSON (eds.), Philosophical Logic. 1969, VIII + 277 pp. 21. D. DAVIDSON and J. HINTIKKA (eds.), Words and Objections: Essays on the Work of W. V. Quine. 1969, VIII+366 pp. 22. PATRICK SUPPES, Studies in the Methodology and Foundotions of Science. Selected Papers from 1911 to 1969, 1969, XII + 473 pp. 23. JAAKKO HiNTIKKA, Modelsfor Modalities. Selected Essays. 1969, IX+220 pp. 24. NICHOLAS RESCHER et al. (eds.~ Essays in Honor of Carl G. Hempel. A Tribute on the Occasion of his Sixty-Fifth Birthday. 1969, VII +272 pp. 25. P. V. TAVANEC(ed.), Problems of the Logic of Scientific Knowledge. 1969, XII +429 pp. 26. MARSHAlL SWAIN (ed.~ Induction, Acceptance, and Rational Belief 1970, VII+232 pp. 27. ROBERT S. CoHEN and RAYMOND J. SEEGER (eds.), Ernst Mach; Physicist and Philos• opher, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VI. 1970, VIII+295 pp. 28. JAAKKO HiNTIKKA and PATRICK SUPPES, Information and Inference. 1970, X+336 pp. 29. KAREL LAMBERT, Philosophical Problems in Logic. Some Recent Developments. 1970, VII + 176 pp. 30. ROLF A. EBERLE, Nominalistic Systems. 1970, IX+217 pp. 31. PAUL WEINGARTNER and GBRHARD ZBcHA (eds.), Induction, Physics, and Ethics, Pro• ceedings and Discussions of the 1968 Salzburg Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science. 1970, X + 382 pp. 32. EVERT W. BBTH, Aspects of Modem Logic. 1970, XI+ 176 pp. 33. RISTO HILPINEN (ed.), Deontic Logic: Intr.oductory and Systematic Readings. 1971, VII+182pp. 34. JEAN-LoUIS KRiVlNB, Introduction to Axiomatic Set Theory. 1971, VII+98 pp. 35. JOSBPH D. SNEED, The Logical Structure of Mathematical Physics. 1971, XV +311 pp. 36. CARL R. KORDlG, The Justification of Scientific Change. 1971, XIV + 119 pp. 37. Mille CAPEK, Bergson and Modem Physics, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science(ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VII. 1971, XV +414 pp. 38. NORWOOD RUSSBLL HANSON, What I do not Believe, and other Essays, (ed. by Stephen Toulmin and Harry Woolf), 1971, XII + 390 pp. 39. ROGER C. BUCK and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.), PSA 1970. In Memary of Rudolf Carnap, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume VIII. 1971, LXVI + 615 pp. Also available as a paperback. 40. DONALD DAVIDSON and GILBERT HARMAN (eds.), Semantics ofNatural Language. 1972, X + 769 pp. Also available as a paperback. 41. YEHOSHUA BAR-HILLEL (ed.), Pragmatics ofNatural Languages. 1971, VII+231 pp. 42. SOREN STBNLUND, Combinators. A.-Terms and Proof Theory. 1972, 184 pp. 43. MARTIN STRAUSS, Modern Physics and Its Philosophy. Selected Papers in the Logic. History. and Philosophy of Science. 1972, X+297 pp. 44. MARIO BUNGE, Method. Model and Matter. 1973, VII + 1% pp. 45. MARIO BUNGE, Philosophy of Physics. 1973, IX+248 pp. 46. A. A. ZINOV'EV, Foundations of the Logical Theory of Scientific Knowledge (Complex Logic~ Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume IX. Revised and enlarged English edition with an appendix, by G. A. Smirnov, E. A. Sidorenka, A. M. Fedina, and L. A. Bobrova. 1973, XXII + 301 pp. Also available as a paperback. 47. LADISLAV TONDL, Scientific Procedures, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume X. 1973, XII+268 pp. Also available as a paperback. . 48. NORWOOD RUSSELL HANSON, Constellations and Conjectures, (ed. by Willard C. Humphreys, Jr.), 1973, X+282 pp. 49. K. J. J. HINTIKKA, J. M. E. MORAVCSIK, and P. SUPPES (eds.), Approaches to Natural Language. Proceedings of the 1970· Stanford Workshop on Grammar and Semantics. 1973, VIII + 526 pp. Also available as a paperback. SO. MARIO BUNGE (ed.), Exact Philosophy -Problems. Tools. and Goals. 1973, X+214 pp. 51. RADU J. BOGDAN and ILKKA NIINILUOTO (eds.), Logic. Language. and Probability. A selection of papers contributed to Sections IV, VI, and XI o(the Fourth International Congress for Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Bucharest, September 1971. 1973, X+323 pp. 52. GLENN PEARCE and PATRICK MAYNARD (eds.), Conceptual Chance. 1973, XII +282 pp. 53. ILKKA NIINILUOTO and RAIMO TuOMELA, Theoretical Concepts and Hypothetico-Induc• tive Inference. 1973, VII +264 pp. 54. ROLAND FRAissi!, Course of Mathematical Logic - Volume I: Relation and Logical Formula. 1973, XVI + 186 pp. Also available as a paperback. 55. ADOLF GRONBAUM, Philosophical Problems of Space and Time. Second, enlarged edi• tion, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky); Volume XII. 1973, XXIII + 884 pp. Also available as a paperback. 56. PATRICK SUPPES (ed.), Space. Time. and Geometry. 1973, XI +424 pp. 57. HANS KELSEN, Essays in Legal and Moral Philosophy, selected and introduced by Ota Weinberger. 1973, XXVIII + 300 pp. 58. R. J. SEEGER and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.~ Philosophical Foundations of Science. Pro• ceedings of an AAAS Program. 1969. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XI. 1974, X+545 pp. Also available as paperback. 59. ROBERT S. CoHEN and MARX W. W ARTOFSKY (eds.), Logical and Epistemalogical Studies in Contemporary Physics, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XIII. 1973, VIII +462 pp. Also available as paperback. 60. ROBERT S. CoHEN and Marx W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), Methodological and Historical Essays in the Natural and Social Sciences. Proceedings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science. 1969-1972, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky~ Volume XIV. 1974, VIII +405 pp. Also available as paperback. 61. ROBERT S. CoHEN, J. J. STACHEL and MARX W. WARTOFSKY (eds.), For Dirk Struik. Scientific, Historical and Political Essays in Honor of Dirk J. Struik, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XV. 1974, XXVII+652 pp. Also available as paperback. 62. KAzIMIERz AJDUKIEWJCZ, Pragmatic Logic, transl. from the Polish by Olgierd Wojta• siewicz. 1974, XV +460 pp. 63. SOREN STENLUND (ed.), Logical Theory and Semantic Analysis. Essays Dedicated to Stig Kanger on His Fiftieth Birthday. 1974, V +217 pp. 64. KENNImI F. SCHAFFNER and ROBERT S. CoHEN (eds.), Proceedings of the 1972 Biennial Meeting, Philosophy of Science Association, Boston Studies in the Philosophy. of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XX. 1974, IX +444 pp. Also available as paperback. 65. HENRy E. KYBURG, JR., The Logical Foundations ofStatistical Inference. 1974, IX + 421 pp. 66. MARJORIE GRENll, The Understanding of Nature: Essays in the Philosophy of Biology, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXIII. 1974, XII + 360 pp. Also available as paperback. 67. JAN M. BROBKMAN, Structuralism: Moscow, Prague, Paris. 1974, IX+ 117 pp. 68. NORMAN GIlSCHWIND, Selected Papers on Longuage and the Brain, Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XVI. 1974, XII + 549 pp. Also available as paperback. 69. ROLAND FRAIssE, Course of Mathematical Logic - Volume II: Model Theory. 1974, XIX+192pp. 70. ANDRZEJ GRZEGORCZYK, An Outline of Mathematical Logic. Fundamental Remlli and Notions Explained with All Details. 1974, X+596 pp. 71. FRANZ VON KUTSCHERA, Philosophy of Longuage. 1975, VII + 305 pp. 72. JURA MANNINEN and RAIMo TuoMBLA, Essays on Explanation and Understanding. Studies in the Foundations of Humanities and Social Sciences. VII + 435 pp. 75. JAAKKO HINTIKKA and UNTO REMEs, The Method of Analysis. Its Geometrical Origin and Its General Significonce. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXV. 1974, XVIII + 144 pp. Also available as paperback. 76. Jo~ EMBRY MURDOCH and EDITH DUDLEY SYLLA, The Cultural Context of Medieval Learning. Proceedings of the First International Colloquium on Philosophy, Science, and Theology in the Middle Ages - Septemb.er 1973. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXVI. 1975, X + 566 pp. Also available as paperback. 77. STEFAN AMsTmu>AMSKI, Between Experience and Metaphysics. Philosophical Problems of the Evolution of Science. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXXV. 1975, XVIII+193 pp. Also available as paperback. 80. JOSEPH AGASSI, Science in Flux. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science (ed. by Robert S. Cohen and Marx W. Wartofsky), Volume XXVIII. 1975, XXVI+553 pp. Also available as paperback. 85. E. FISCHBEIN, The Intuitive Sources of Probabilistic Thinking in Children. 1975, XIII + 204 pp. . 86. ERNEST W. ADAMS, The Logic of Conditionals. An Application of Probability to De• ductive Logic. 1975, XIII + 155 pp. 90. JAAKKO HINTIKKA, The Intentions of Intentionality and Other New Models for Modalities. 1975, XVIII +262 pp. SYNTHESE HISTORICAL LIBRARY
Texts and Studies in the History of Logic and Philosophy
Editors:
N. KRETZMANN (Cornell University) G. NUCHELMANS (University of Leyden) L. M. DE RIJK (University of Leyden)
1. M. T. BEONIO-BROCCHIERI FUMAGALLI, The Logic of Abelard. Translated from the Italian. 1969, IX+101 pp.
2. GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEmNITZ, Philosophical Papers and Letters. A selection translated and edited, with an introduction, by Leroy E. Loemker. 1969, XII + 736 pp.
3. ERNST MALLY, Logische Schriften, ed. by Karl Wolf and Paul Weingartner. 1971, X+340 pp.
4. LEWIS WroTE BECK (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. 1972, XI+718pp.
5. BERNARD BOLZANO, Theory of Science, ed. by Jan Berg. 1973, XV + 398 pp.
6. J. M. E. MORAVCSIK (ed.), Patterns in Plato's Thought. Papers arising out of the 1971 West Coast Greek Philosophy Conference. 1973, VIII+212 pp.
7. NABIL SHEHABY, The Propositional Logic of Avicenna: A Translationfrom al-Shifii: al• Qiyiis, with Introduction, Commentary and Glossary. 1973, XIII + 296 pp.
8. DESMOND PAUL HENRY, Commentary on De Grammatico: The Historical-Logical Dimensions ofa Dialogue of St. Anselm's. 19-74, IX+345 pp.
9. JOHN CORCORAN, Ancient Logic and Its Modern Interpretations. 1974, X+208 pp.
1G. E. M. BARTH, The Logic of the Articles in Traditional Philosophy. 1974, XXVII + 533 pp.
11. JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Knowledge and the Known. Historical Perspectives in Epistemology. 1974, XII + 243 pp.
12. E. J. AsHWORTH, Longuageand Logic in the Post-Medieval Period. 1974, XIII + 304 pp.
13. ARisTOTLE, The Nicomachean Ethics. Translated with Commentaries and Glossary by Hypocrates G. Apostle. 1975, XXI + 372 pp. 14. R. M. DANCY, Sense and Contradiction: A Study in Aristotle. 1975, XII + 184 pp.
15. WILBUR RICHARD KNORR, The Evolution of the Euclidean Elements. A Study of the Theory of Incommensurable Magnitudes and Its Significance for Early Greek Geometry. 1975, IX + 374 pp.
16. AUGUSTINE, De Dialectica. Translated with the Introduction and Notes by B. Darrell Jackson. 1975, XI + 151 pp.