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The Political History of the Jordanian Syrian Relations Within the Arab-Israeli Conflicts

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The Political History of the Jordanian Syrian Relations Within the Arab-Israeli Conflicts Research Journal of International Studies ISSN: 1453-212X Issue 23 (2012) © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2012 http://www.eurojournals.com/international_studies.htm The Political History of the Jordanian Syrian Relations within the Arab-Israeli Conflicts Abdulrahman A. Al-Fawwaz Department of Humanities, Faculty of Engineering Technology Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O.Box: 15008 Amman 11134 Jordan E-mail: [email protected] Muna M. Al-Abdallat Department of Humanities, Faculty of Engineering Technology Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O.Box: 15008 Amman 11134 Jordan Ahmad Kh. Al-Afif Department of Humanities, Faculty of Engineering Technology Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O.Box: 15008 Amman 11134 Jordan Abstract The political history is considered one of the main pillars in narrating and analyzing the political efforts, thoughts and the political leaders’ movements (1). The political history is related with the international relations history and the affected circumstances upon this affecting events on these relations among the countries. Thus Ariosto has mentioned that the country that moves the human society from the general chaos to the case of social and coalition (2), the political diplomatic that usually concentrates on the development of the circumstances and negotiations, although it concentrates on the international relates according to the reasons of these circumstances and the affected aspects (3): The study focus on the Syrian- Jordanian relations during the period 1967-1972 for seeking the answers of the following questions: 1. What’s the extent of the relations between Jordan and Syria and their relations towards the Israeli enemy. 2. What’s the role of Jordan and Syria towards the Palestinian case. 3. What’s the extent of the leadership success in easing the tension of the relations between the two countries. The study has concluded that the Syrian- Jordanian relations during the period 1967-1972 was filled with harmony and political consensus. Despite the geographical proximity and political spacing. Where some differences appeared in the opinions of the leaders of the two countries Jordan and Syria, after the Palestinian resistance became strong inside Jordan, and got unlimited support from the Syrian side, where as the residence works contributed in cutting off the relations between Syria and Jordan, with military interfere from the Syrian side for the welfare on the Palestinian resistance tribes. Keywords: Political history, Jordanian - Syrian relations , Israeli Arabic conflict © Research Journal of International Studies - Issue 23 (March, 2012) 103 Introduction The study aims at offering the real value of the Syrian- Jordanian relations concerning the conflict that occurred among the two countries within the Israeli Arabic conflict between 1967-1972. Therefore, this period was an important part from the Jordanian, Syrian history after the Israeli forces seizing the West Bank, Julan highest and Sina’ desert, where as it witnessed lots of changes that impacted the political incidents whether negatively or positively on both the two countries. The study was concerned in analyzing the most important incidents and the affected aspects on the Syrian Jordanian relations. The inductive approach was used in studying which is equivalent with the nature of the research, and depends on the essential tool which is the notice, in order to reach to the purpose from the research through the notes, induction and witnesses from the political purposed facts. The study depends on a variety group of resources and references, most important are, the published documents mainly the Arabic whether Jordanian or Palestinian, and a group of newspapers and periodicals , where it depends on the leaders statements and responsibilities from the Syrian and Jordanian side in order to enrich the research a scientific value concerning the Political decision makers role and their impact upon the international relations. Also the Study purposes as the following scopes: 1. Acknowledging the political aspects and events affecting the Syrian- Jordanian relations. 2. Acknowledging the Arabic countries role and their position from Jordan and Syria within the frame work of the two countries relations. 3. Revealing the Palestinian tribes position in the Syrian- Jordanian relations. 4. Knowing the United Nations feed back and positions and the Great Powers from the Israeli- Arabic conflict. The 1967 War As a result of the situation deterioration among the Arabic countries after being defeated in June 1967, some of the Arabic Organizations and Palestinians regulations adopted the idea of army fighting against Israel, in order to decrease the military defeat pressure, and give the resistant a role in liberating the Palestinian lands, where as Jordan became a suitable place for growing the Palestinian resistant movement in its lands as politically, military and publicity growth, after some Arabic regulations sent financial aids and contributions to their organizations when Jordan was suffering from weakness in their Governmental organizations as a result of being defeated, and has a defense line against Israel , which is the largest among the defeating Arabic lines , where a high percentage of the Palestinians fugitive are residence on their lands (4). Therefore, all these circumstance had put Jordan in Military, economical and political conflicts, where Jordan needs to take back the West bank and rebuild the Military forces and Governmental organizations, thus Jordan had compressed the political movements that aim at liberating the occupied territories and settling the conflicts in the region., in addition it asked the great countries to interfere in settling the Israeli Arabic conflict. On the international level, the international security council issued a resolution No.242 on 22/November /1967, which included the withdraw of the Israeli forces from the occupied territories and ending all the allegations of war, war cases, respect the state sovereignty in the region, the security of its lands, its political independence, its right to live in peace within safe and free boarders from the threats in force or works of force. The resolution also stressed on the necessity of securing the freedom of navigation in the international paths in the region, and achieving the fair settlement for the refugees problem, securing the security of each country and its political independence through certain procedures such as secure making lands free of weapons (5). As a result of this resolution, the Arabic countries situations varied , where each of Jordan and Egypt accepted this resolution , and we took the political work as a way of gaining the international world opinion for the welfare of the Palestinian case, in order to achieve the withdraw of Israel from the occupied territories (6). But the Syrian government had condemned the resolution, and described it © Research Journal of International Studies - Issue 23 (March, 2012) 104 as Zionism American plot that aims at imposing the peaceful conditions on the Arabs, and ending the Palestinian case (7). As the Palestinian Liberation Organization, and the other Palestinian Guerrilla organizations, which announced their complete refusal of the resolution, and assured that its purpose to end the case, loose the Palestinians rights. Where these organizations had chosen the military fighting as a method for liberating the occupied Arabic lands, that were supported by Syria that attacked at the same time Jordan and Egypt confession of the resolution (8). In light of the tension concerning this decision, Israel accused Jordan of being responsible of the guerilla activity on its lands, where it sent several strikes on the Military locations and other civil areas after increasing the guerrilla fights across the ceasefire line between Jordan and Israel (9). The Guerilla activities caused lots of tension between the Syrian- Jordanian relations, after Syria asked from the guerilla organization which are related to Syria to work through the Jordanian lands, and supported them Politically, military and by media, Hassan AL-Kayed, the Jordanian Minster of Interior announced : Jordan is not the only Arabic country that has common borders with Israel, therefore any serious work against the enemy, must be collective achieved by a coordinated plan and cooperative policy, as part of the a united Arabic situation . Thus the Jordanian Government won’t allow any party to take any impulsive position, which insists on keeping Jordan safe (10). Therefore the number of the Guerilla organizations had increase in Jordan. Where its number had reached twelfth organizations, where of it has a different Ideology, most important “Fateh” and the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, which adopted a Marxist approach,Saeqa forces that were established by the Syrian organization in 1967, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine which adopted a Marxist approach, the Arabic Liberating Front related religiously and organizationally to Iraqi BAATH party, the Public Front- General Leadership, which considered itself as the legal authority, that it is the active leader for the Palestinian people .Where it started interfering in the interior, administrative and security affairs in Jordan. Some of its members started participating the inspection and security tasks, and faced the security forces and armed forces challenging the legal authority (11). The Syrian – Jordanian Relations within the Growth of the Palestinian Resistance The Palestinian
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