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Publicatioh of the Lowhdes Codnti Historical Society PUBLICATIOH OF THE LOWHDES CODNTI HISTORICAL SOCIETY HAXNEVXLLE.,. ALABAMA NUMBER IV October 1972 n LOWNDES COUNTY ALABAMA 1830-1972 By Kathleen Cottingham Dean n DEDICATION To the Memory of Mildred Russell McKeithen whose love and knowledge of southern history and untiring work in the state's historical societies, a Charter Member of the Lowndes County Historical Society, this sketch is affectionately dedicated. Kathleen Cottingham Dean Lowndesboro, Alabama O October 8, 1972 o Russell Home - Birthplace of Mildred Russell McKeithen, owned and occupied by her Mother's family since I856. O Round marble top table in the Russell parlor graced by a photograph O album mentioned on page 151 Lowndes Court House n PROLOGUE Beginning December 14, 1969 Alabama celebrated its susquecential birthday* The news media was prufuse with data concerning the state's history and accomplishments. The theater, historical societies, and other organizations gave tribute to the mother state in bringing to its ci tit ens and the public an awareness of her great heritage. This small sketch of Lowndes County's history was compiled and given in the January meeting 1969 of the Lowndes County Historical Society. Lowndes County was then 139 years old, eleven years younger than the state. Although emphasis is placed on the county's history one should remember that Lowndes County is the heart of Alabama's Black Belt. Archivist the late Peter Brannon stated at one time, the most typical of this region. All phases of its history and development have been largely determined by conditions and circumstances common to the southern region of the state. It is an integral C part of a region, the state, the nation, and of the world. This small record is to lend perspective to natives and other citizens of Lowndes County. It traces families from whence they came, and may serve as a means to understand the present and predict the future with greater assurance through interest and appreciation of the county's 142 years of history. Kathleen Cottingham Dean Lowndesbore, Alabama October 8, 1972 U LOWNDES COUNTY 1830-1972 I. A Look Backward U. Who's Who HI. Towns and Villages IV. Early Education V. A Look Forward Kathleen Cottingham Dean u A LOOK BACKWARD o Lowndes County is rich in its storied past. William Humphrey wrote 1" The Ordways that "We Southernors are accused of living in the past. What can we do? The past lives with us." Lowndes has 142 years of past. It was created by the Alabama Legislature in 1830 from Montgomery, Butler and Dallas Counties. It is named in honor of William Lowndes, a distinguished South Carolina statesman. The County was inhabited by Allbamo Indians whose chief town was Ikanatcheka (or Holy Ground). During the Creek war of 1813 this town was the scene of a battle between the Creeks under William Weatherford and the American forces under F. L. Claiboura. The territory was ceded to the U. S. by the Treaty of Fort Jackson August 9, 1814. It was at Holy Ground that William Weatherf ord, the brave and bril­ liant half-breed, whom the Creeks knew as Red Eagle, made his famous horse­ back leap into the Alabama River. After the massacre at Fort Mims, which he led but did not approve, Weatherford collected his warriors, their families and supplies at Holy Ground, which he believed to be impregnable because of the high thickets which enclosed it on one side and the river on the other. General F. L, Claibourn, assisted by Pushmataka and the other Choctaw Indians, broke the power of the faltering Creeks* Later when Red Eagle stood almost alone against the advancing foes, C he mounted his horse Arrow and sped to the river bank. He came to a bluff some fifteen feet above the water on the eastern side of the Alabama River just below Powell's Ferry, turning his mount down this almost perpendicular bluff, he spurred the animal to a mighty leap. The horse sank to rise no more, but Red Eagle disengaged himself and swam to safety to the other shore. Akin to Texas for its black belt soils Lowndes is kin to South Carolina in both blood and name. Many South Carolina settlers who traveled down the old Federal Road settled the county when it was first created. The present inhabitants are mostly all descended from these first settlers who were of the wealthy and cultivated class. They built handsome houses on their plantations. These large plantations account for the county's present popula­ tion being about 8l£ negro. WHO'S WHO OF LOWNDES COUNTY I. Dixon Hall Lewis - Senator Dixon Hall Lewis was known for his girth, wit, and wisdom. No voter who saw Lewis could forget the sight. He towered over most men of the age. He stood over six feet tall. He weighed close to 500 pounds which reportedly Inconvenienced him considerably because of the special care he had to take in movement. What travels he did take among the wilds of what was then Alabama were accomplished by a peculiar vehicle described by a fellow traveler thus, "It resembled a small stage with a low picket fence around it and a monstrous chair in the middle. The vehicle itself was a two wheel cart. From the back there could be let down to the ground a flight of very strong steps. The cart was pulled alter­ nately by goats, horses, mules and slaves. Lewis himself was a vehicle. He carried a message to the pre-Civil War South. "The Federal government is a growing animal which seeks to engulf us all'.' He was typical of most Alabama politicians of his day. He was remarkable for his social conversation. He was fluent and a very attractive companion, abound­ ing in wit, repartee, pleasantry and anecdote and withal a profound reasoner. He rarely spoke in Congress longer than 20 minutes. While visiting in New York City in 1848 he was stricken with a chest cold. He lingered but a few hours. His specially made chair in the Senate Chamber was now vacant. II. Col. Willis Brewer - With so much history, it is natural, perhaps, that Lowndes County should produce a historian. The famous one was a statesman, philosopher, and a journalist. Col. Willis Brewer, frock-coated, pipe smoking scholar was state auditor from 18?6-1880. He served as a member of the Legislature for eighteen years, and was four years a member of Congress. From his pen came a valuable history of Alabama, published in 18?2, and other publications of the purest literary style also a metaphysical work, The Secret of Mankind which won international attention when it was pub­ lished in 1895* and has since been translated into German. Of Col. Brewer the Montgomery Journal said in 1967• "No man in the state has a more distinguished personality or a more distinctly southern one, and there is none whose brain and intellect, culture and learning so forcibly remind of the old South? HI. Mildred Brewer Russell - Col. Brewer's daughter also is a renounced author of the book rich in Lowndes County history. The book entitled Lowndes Court House was published in 1951• IV. Dr. H. V. Wooten- Dr. Wooten, prominent in the medical field of Alabama, Q came to Lowndesboro shortly after graduation cum laude from the University of Pennsylvania. He later held a chair at Memphis Medical College. His family remained at their home "Rosewood" in Lowndesboro. V. The McCurdy Family - The McCurdys have been associated with the colorful history of Lowndes County in the raising of fine horses which was a feature of county life and in after years the products of McCurdy Stables were followed at racing meets all over the South. VI. The Right Reverend Noble Cilly Powell, Episcopal Bishop of Maryland was a native of Lowndesboro, VH. Admiral Thomas H. Moorer, Chairman, joint Chiefs of Staff - Admiral Moorer served in the South Pacific during the early part of World War II, where he was awarded the Silver Star, Purple Heart and distinguished Flying Cross as a result of combat action with a Navy fighter squadron. During the Second World War, he also served as Commander of a Bombing Squadron operat­ ing in Cuba and Africa, and served as gunnery and tactical officer on the staff of Command Air Force, Atlantic. VHI. Hulda Coleman, Superintendent of Lowndes County Public Schools has the distinction of being the only woman County Superintendent of Education in the state. She succeeded her father, Jesse Albert Coleman, in 1941 to this office. Mr. Coleman was a prominent political figure In Lowndes County for many years* He had served as sheriff and was Superintendent of Education at the time of his death. TOWNS AND VILLAGES I. Hayneville - The County site takes its name from a famous U. S. Senator o from South Carolina, Robert Y. Hayne, whose debate with Daniel Webster In the tempestuous days before the war between the states, lives forever in America's politioal classics. The town was first called "Big Swamp Creek" and then later called "Lowndes County Court House" Hayneville was a lively village in the early 1800's with a famous race course, hotels, cock fights at the square and many law offices lining the main street. Old news papers carry accounts of elegant, lavish parties in the large homes. II. Fort Deposit - At the present site of Fort Deposit a fort was built in 1813 by General Claibourne. There he stopped to deposit supplies and left his cannon, baggage, wagons and wounded men with one-hundred men as guards. After the defeat of the Indians at Holy Ground, this fortified place mas used by the early settlers for protection.
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