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Geochemistry and Petrology of the Alkalic Igneous Complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas

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Geochemistry and Petrology of the Alkalic Igneous Complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas Geochemistry and Petrology of the Alkalic Igneous Complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 425 Prepared in cooperation with the Defense Minerals Procurement Agency Geochemistry and Petrology of the Alkalic Igneous Complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas By R. L. ERICKSON and L. V. BLADE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 425 Prepared in cooperation with the Defense Minerals Procurement Agency UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1963 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. Geological Survey Library has cataloged this publication as follows: Erickson, Ralph Leroy, 1923 Geochemistry and petrology of the alkalic igneous complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas, by R. L. Erickson and L. V. Blade. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1963. v, 95 p. maps (part fold., 1 col., in pocket) diagrs., tables. 29 em. (U.S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 425) Prepared in cooperation with the Defense Minerals Procurement Agency. Bibliography: p. 90-91. (Continued on next card) Erickson, Ralph Leroy, 1923 Geochemistry and petrology of the alkalic igneous complex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas, 1963. (Card 2) 1. Geochemistry Arkansas Magnet Cove. 2. Petrology Arkan­ sas Magnet Cove. 3. Rocks, Igneous. 4. Rocks Analysis. I. Blade, Lawrence Vernon, 1917- joint author. II. U.S. Defense Minerals Procurement Agency. III. Title: The alkalic igneous com­ plex at Magnet Cove, Arkansas. (Series) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, B.C. CONTENTS Page Page Abstract-_----_-_-___-______________.____. 1 Dikes Continued Introdu ction _ _____________________________ 1 Dikes within the complex Continued Location and surface features.__________ 2 Aplite_ ________-______-_--_-_---___ 47 Previous work_________________________ 2 Eudialyte-nepheline syenite pegmatite- 47 Scope and methods of work.____________ 2 Garnet f ourchite_ _ ________________ 49 Acknowledgments__ _________________ 4 Dikes outside the complex _______________ 49 Veins________________________________ General geology.__________________________ 5 54 Contact zone_______________________________ Age of the rocks.______________________ 5 56 Metamorphosed Arkansas novaculite______ 56 Structure _________________________________ 6 Metamorphosed Stanley shale___.__.____.__ 57 Igneous complex_________________________ 6 Geochemistry ______________________________ 59 Outer ring____________________________ 7 Rocks_ ___-_______---_-------__-_-__-__ 59 Sphene-nepheline syenite.__________ 7 Variation diagrams______________________ 62 Garnet-pseudoleucite syenite______ 10 Minerals__ ___________________________ 65 Miscellaneous syenites____________ 15 Feldspar_ - ____--__---___-__-_____ 69 Feldspathoidal leucosyenite. 15 Nepheline_ _________________________ 70 Sphene-cancrinite syenite.______ 16 Zeolite. ___________________________ 70 Sphene-garnet-nepheline syenite. 16 Pyroxene._________________________ 70 Jacupirangite and sphene pyroxenite. 17 Garnet.___________________________ 74 Garnet-biotite melteigite.___________ 21 Biotite_ ___________________________ 74 Intermediate ring._____________________ 23 Apatite_______--__-_---_-__-_____ 74 Altered phonolite._________________ 23 Magnetite. ________________________ 74 Undivided trachyte-phonolite_ ______ 25 Perovskite.__-________--__-___-____ 77 Inner core_________________________ 27 Sphene ____________________________ 77 Ijolite_ ___________________________ 28 Pyrite___________________________ 77 Fine-grained ijolite_______________ 30 Calcite__________________________ 77 Carbonatite. ______________________ 34 Geochemistry of niobium ________________ 78 Lime-silicate rock__________________ 39 Rutile and brookite.________________ 78 Dikes..__-__________________________ 39 Carbonatite_______--____- __________ 79 Dikes within the complex.______________ 39 Igneous rocks and minerals__________ 79 Tinguaite.._ ______________________ 39 Radioactivity __________________--_---_-____ 83 Sodalite trachyte._________________ 42 Age relations of the rocks______-_-----______- 83 Analcime-olivine melagabbro. _______ 42 Origin_ ____________________________________ 84 Nepheline syenite pegmatite. _______ 44 Economic geology________________________ 89 Trachyte porphyry_______________ 46 References cited.___________________________ 90 Miscellaneous trachytes.___________ 47 Index.____________________________________ 93 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates are In pocket] PLATE Map of bedrock geology of Magnet Cove igneous area, Hot Spring County, Ark. Map showing relation of igneous rocks of the Gulf Coastal region to the Ouachita geosyncline. Map showing relation of the igneous complex to total intensity aeromagnetic contours in the Magnet Cove area. Page FIGURE 1. Index map and generalized geology of the Magnet Cove area___________________________________________ 3 2. Isogonic chart of Magnet Cove_______________________________________________________________ _____ 4 3. Map showing distribution of Jacupirangite inferred from high magnetometer readings _______________________ 17 4. Map showing location of igneous dikes in relation to the Magnet Cove intrusive complex, Garland and Hot Spring Counties, Ark___________________________________________________________ _____________ 50 5. Ternary diagram showing igneous rocks of the complex plotted against atomic proportions of the major elements. 63 6. Ternary diagram showing igneous rocks of the complex plotted against atomic proportions of Ca-Na+K-Si___ 64 7. Ternary diagram showing igneous rocks of the complex plotted against atomic proportions of Na-E_-Ca_ ______ 65 8. Ternary diagram showing igneous rocks of the complex plotted against atomic proportions of Fe-Mg-Na-f-K__ 67 m IV CONTENTS Page FIGURE 9. Lime variation diagram_______._____________________________________________________________________ 68 10. Variation diagram showing composition of material (A) subtracted from an olivine basalt to produce magma of the weighted-average composition of the Magnet Cove complex. _____________-_---_-___--_------------- 86 11. Variation diagram showing composition of rocks and residual magmas for the main periods of intrusion at Magnet Cove__________________________________________________________________________________________ 88 TABLES Page TABLE 1. Spectrographic sensitivities of the elements______-______--__-_-________________-___-___-______----_-_ 7 2. Analyses, norm, and modes of sphene-nepheline syenite________-_______________________________________ 9 3. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of sphene-nepheline syenite___-____________________________ 10 4. Analyses, norms, and modes of garnet-pseudoleucite syenite____-___________---_-------_------_-------- 12 5. Analyses, norm, and modes of garnet-nepheline syenite____________-__-___--___--_--_------_--_-----_- 13 6. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of garnet-pseudoleucite syenite___________________________ 14 7. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of garnet-nepheline syenite________________________________ 15 8. Analyses, norm, and mode of feldspathoidal leucosyenite_____________-______-___---_-_--_---_--_-_-- 16 9. Analyses, norm, and modes of jacupirangite-__________________________________..___-__--_------__---- 18 10. Analyses, norms, and modes of sphene pyroxenite__________-__-_--__-_----------_-------_----_------- 19 11. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of jacupirangite.-_____--_-________________--_---__---____ 20 12. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of sphene pyroxenite____________________________________ 21 13. Analyses, norm, and mode of garnet-biotite melteigite_________-___-_______--_---_---_-------__------- 22 14. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of garnet-biotite melteigite___-__--_____--_------------_-_- 22 15. Analyses and norms of altered phonolite____.________________-___-_-_--_--_----_-----------_-------- 24 16. Analyses, norms, and mode of the undivided trachyte-phonolite___________-________-_-_-_---__------_ 27 17. Analyses, norms, and modes of biotite-garnet ijolite and garnet ijolite__________________________________ 29 18. Average and type urtite, ijolite, and melteigite__________________________________---__----------_--__ 30 19. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of biotite-garnet ijolite-,.______________--__-_-__----_-_____ 31 20. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of garnet ijolite_______-__-__---__----_---_---_--__------- 32 21. Analyses, norms, and mode of fine-grained ijolite____________________________________________________ 33 22. Descriptive logs of core holes..________________________-______---_--------___-----_---------------_ 34 23. Analyses of carbonatite__________________________________---__---_--_----------_--_------_----_--_ 35 24. Analyses of saprolite of carbonatite_ ________ _________ ______----____----_-_---_---__--------_------- 36 25. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates from carbonatite._____________-______--___-_--_-_--______ 37 26. Composition of kimzeyite______________________________________._--_--_-____--_--_------_-__------- 38 27. Spectrographic analyses of mineral separates of lime-silicate rock____--_-_______________________________ 40 28. Analyses and norm of tinguaite___________-________-_-_-__---_--------_-------__------------------- 41 29. Analyses and norm of sodalite trachyte____________________--__-__-_-----_---_---__--~------------- 42 30. Analyses, norm, and mode of
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